1
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Fernandes DA. Review on Metal-Based Theranostic Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy and Imaging. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231191493. [PMID: 37642945 PMCID: PMC10467409 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231191493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic agents are promising due to their ability to diagnose, treat and monitor different types of cancer using a variety of imaging modalities. The advantage specifically of nanoparticles is that they can accumulate easily at the tumor site due to the large gaps in blood vessels near tumors. Such high concentration of theranostic agents at the target site can lead to enhancement in both imaging and therapy. This article provides an overview of nanoparticles that have been used for cancer theranostics, and the different imaging, treatment options and signaling pathways that are important when using nanoparticles for cancer theranostics. In particular, nanoparticles made of metal elements are emphasized due to their wide applications in cancer theranostics. One important aspect discussed is the ability to combine different types of metals in one nanoplatform for use as multimodal imaging and therapeutic agents for cancer.
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2
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Luo T, Fan Y, Mao J, Yuan E, You E, Xu Z, Lin W. Dimensional Reduction Enhances Photodynamic Therapy of Metal-Organic Nanophotosensitizers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5241-5246. [PMID: 35297640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report that dimensional reduction from three-dimensional nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) to two-dimensional nanoscale metal-organic layers (nMOLs) increases the frequency of encounters between photosensitizers and oxygen and facilitates the diffusion of singlet oxygen from the nMOL to significantly enhance photodynamic therapy. The nMOFs and nMOLs share the same M12-oxo (M = Zr, Hf) secondary building units and 5,15-di-p-benzoatoporphyrin (DBP) ligands but exhibit three-dimensional and two-dimensional topologies, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations and experimental studies revealed that the nMOLs with a monolayer morphology enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species and exhibited over an order of magnitude higher cytotoxicity over the nMOFs. In a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer, Hf-DBP nMOL showed 49.1% more tumor inhibition, an 80% higher cure rate, and 16.3-fold lower metastasis potential than Hf-DBP nMOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taokun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yingjie Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jianming Mao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Eric Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Eric You
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ziwan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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3
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Silva LB, Castro KADF, Botteon CEA, Oliveira CLP, da Silva RS, Marcato PD. Hybrid Nanoparticles as an Efficient Porphyrin Delivery System for Cancer Cells to Enhance Photodynamic Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:679128. [PMID: 34604182 PMCID: PMC8484888 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.679128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential non-invasive approach for application in oncological diseases, based on the activation of a photosensitizer (PS) by light at a specific wavelength in the presence of molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger the death tumor cells. In this context, porphyrins are interesting PS because they are robust, have high chemical, photo, thermal, and oxidative stability, and can generate singlet oxygen (1O2). However, porphyrins exhibit low solubility and a strong tendency to aggregate in a biological environment which limits their clinical application. To overcome these challenges, we developed hybrid nanostructures to immobilize 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[(4-carboxyphenyl) thio-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl] (P), a new third-generation PS. The biological effect of this system was evaluated against bladder cancer (BC) cells with or without light exposition. The nanostructure composed of lipid carriers coated by porphyrin-chitosan (P-HNP), presented a size of ca. 130 nm and low polydispersity (ca. 0.25). The presence of the porphyrin-chitosan (P-chitosan) on lipid nanoparticle surfaces increased the nanoparticle size, changed the zeta potential to positive, decreased the recrystallization index, and increased the thermal stability of nanoparticles. Furthermore, P-chitosan incorporation on nanoparticles increased the stability and enhanced the self-organization of the system and the formation of spherical structures, as observed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. Furthermore, the immobilization process maintained the P photoactivity and improved the photophysical properties of PS, minimizing its aggregation in the cell culture medium. In the photoinduction assays, the P-HNP displayed high phototoxicity with IC50 3.2-folds lower than free porphyrin. This higher cytotoxic effect can be correlated to the high cellular uptake of porphyrin immobilized, as observed by confocal images. Moreover, the coated nanoparticles showed mucoadhesive properties interesting to its application in vivo. Therefore, the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles may be relevant to improve the porphyrin photodynamic activity in BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia B. Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, GNanoBio, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelly A. D. F. Castro
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Caroline E. A. Botteon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, GNanoBio, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto S. da Silva
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Priscyla D. Marcato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, GNanoBio, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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4
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Kim J, Shi Y, Kwon CJ, Gao Y, Mitragotri S. A Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Approach to Intravenous Formulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100585. [PMID: 34351085 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinically viable formulations of hydrophobic drugs, for example, chemotherapeutics, require strategies to promote sufficient drug solubilization. However, such strategies often involve the use of organic solvents that pose a significant risk in generating toxic, unstable products. Using verteporfin as a drug, a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based approach to solvate drugs in a simple one-step process is reported. Lipoidal DES composed of choline and oleate is used to successfully solvate verteporfin, resulting in stable sub-100 nm nanocomplexes. The nanocomplexes successfully demonstrate efficient cellular uptake as well as retention, tumor spheroid penetration, and tumor accumulation in vivo. Systemic administration of the formulation significantly inhibits the primary tumor growth and its lung metastasis in the orthotopic 4T1 murine breast tumor model. Collectively, biocompatible DES shows great potential as a novel material for intravenous formulation of chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Yujie Shi
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Present address: Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Christopher J. Kwon
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Yongsheng Gao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
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5
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Tedesco AC, Silva EPO, Jayme CC, Piva HL, Franchi LP. Cholesterol-rich nanoemulsion (LDE) as a novel drug delivery system to diagnose, delineate, and treat human glioblastoma. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111984. [PMID: 33812612 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared and characterized a cholesterol-rich nanoemulsion called LDE, a mimic of classic lipoprotein macromolecules, that can be applied as a new drug delivery system for aluminum phthalocyanine chloride (PcAlCl). The LDE containing PcAlCl system prepared herein had mean size and zeta potential of 127 nm and -29 mV, respectively, and encapsulation rate efficiency was 81%, and stability of 17 months. Compared to classical liposomes, LDE was more efficient, especially in brain diseases like glioblastoma (GBM), as revealed by tests on the U-87 MG cell line. The LDEPc formulation did not display dark cytotoxicity, as expected. The best light dose for LDEPc was 1.0 J·cm-2: its activity was 55% higher than PcAlCl in a compatible organic medium. In the U-87 MG cells, apoptosis was the preferential pathway activated by PDT. These results strongly support the use of LDE as a new theranostic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Emanoel P O Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiano C Jayme
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique L Piva
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo P Franchi
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) 2, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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6
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Gierlich P, Mata AI, Donohoe C, Brito RMM, Senge MO, Gomes-da-Silva LC. Ligand-Targeted Delivery of Photosensitizers for Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:E5317. [PMID: 33202648 PMCID: PMC7698280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment which involves a photosensitizer (PS), light at a specific wavelength for PS activation and oxygen, which combine to elicit cell death. While the illumination required to activate a PS imparts a certain amount of selectivity to PDT treatments, poor tumor accumulation and cell internalization are still inherent properties of most intravenously administered PSs. As a result, common consequences of PDT include skin photosensitivity. To overcome the mentioned issues, PSs may be tailored to specifically target overexpressed biomarkers of tumors. This active targeting can be achieved by direct conjugation of the PS to a ligand with enhanced affinity for a target overexpressed on cancer cells and/or other cells of the tumor microenvironment. Alternatively, PSs may be incorporated into ligand-targeted nanocarriers, which may also encompass multi-functionalities, including diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we highlight the major advances in active targeting of PSs, either by means of ligand-derived bioconjugates or by exploiting ligand-targeting nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gierlich
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Ana I. Mata
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
| | - Claire Donohoe
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Rui M. M. Brito
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
- BSIM Therapeutics, Instituto Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Lígia C. Gomes-da-Silva
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
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7
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Goddard ZR, Marín MJ, Russell DA, Searcey M. Active targeting of gold nanoparticles as cancer therapeutics. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8774-8789. [PMID: 33089858 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01121e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are of increasing interest for their unique properties and their biocompatability, minimal toxicity, multivalency and size tunability make them exciting drug carriers. The functionalisaton of AuNPs with targeting moieties allows for their selective delivery to cancers, with antibodies, proteins, peptides, aptamers, carbohydrates and small molecules all exploited. Here, we review the recent advances in targeted-AuNPs for the treatment of cancer, with a particular focus on these classes of targeting ligands. We highlight the benefits and potential drawbacks of each ligand class and propose directions in which the field could grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Rachael Goddard
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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8
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Wei C, Li X. The Role of Photoactivated and Non-Photoactivated Verteporfin on Tumor. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:557429. [PMID: 33178014 PMCID: PMC7593515 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.557429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Verteporfin (VP) has long been clinically used to treat age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through photodynamic therapy (PDT). Recent studies have reported a significant anti-tumor effect of VP as well. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a pro-tumorigenic factor that is aberrantly expressed in various cancers and is a central effector of the Hippo signaling pathway that regulates organ size and tumorigenesis. VP can inhibit YAP without photoactivation, along with suppressing autophagy, and downregulating germinal center kinase-like kinase (GLK) and STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK). In addition, VP can induce mitochondrial damage and increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon photoactivation, and is an effective photosensitizer (PS) in anti-tumor PDT. We have reviewed the direct and adjuvant therapeutic action of VP as a PS, and its YAP/TEA domain (TEAD)-dependent and independent pharmacological effects in the absence of light activation against cancer cells and solid tumors. Based on the present evidence, VP may be repositioned as a promising anti-cancer chemotherapeutic and adjuvant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changran Wei
- Department of The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangqi Li
- Department of The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
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9
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Laksee S, Sansanaphongpricha K, Puthong S, Sangphech N, Palaga T, Muangsin N. New organic/inorganic nanohybrids of targeted pullulan derivative/gold nanoparticles for effective drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:561-577. [PMID: 32553955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop new organic/inorganic nanohybrids of targeted pullulan derivative/gold nanoparticles (FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs) to improve the selectivity and efficacy of drugs. The chemical structure of targeted pullulan derivative, folic acid-decorated para-aminobenzoic acid-quat188-pullulan (FA-PABA-Q188-PUL), was designed for reducing, stabilizing, capping, and functionalizing AuNPs. Here, the key factors, including pH, temperature, and FA-PABA-Q188-PUL concentrations, were systematically optimized to control the morphology, size, and functionalization of multifunctional FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs. Spherical FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs obtained by a green, simple, and bio-inspired strategy under the optimum conditions were thoroughly characterized and had an average size of 12.6 ± 1.5 nm. The anticancer drug DOX was successfully loaded on monodispersed FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs and the system exhibited excellent intracellular uptake, specificity, and physicochemical properties. The pH-responsive DOX release from FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs-DOX showed fast release (85% after 72 h) under acidic conditions. Furthermore, FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs-DOX enhanced the anticancer activity of DOX toward Chago-k1 cancer cells up to 4.8-fold and showed less cytotoxicity toward normal cells than free DOX. The FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs-DOX induced the death of cells by increasing late apoptotic cells (26.4%) and arresting the cell cycle at S-G2/M phases. These results showed that innovative FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs should be considered as new candidate platforms for anticancer drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakchai Laksee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Kanokwan Sansanaphongpricha
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- Antibody Production Research Unit, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Naunpun Sangphech
- Interdepartment of Medical Microbiology Graduate Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nongnuj Muangsin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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10
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Qidwai A, Annu, Nabi B, Kotta S, Narang JK, Baboota S, Ali J. Role of nanocarriers in photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101782. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Nanoengineering of Gold Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9120612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental aspects of the manufacturing of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are discussed in this review. In particular, attention is devoted to the development of a simple and versatile method for the preparation of these nanoparticles. Eco-friendly synthetic routes, such as wet chemistry and biosynthesis with the aid of polymers, are of particular interest. Polymers can act as reducing and/or capping agents, or as soft templates leading to hybrid nanomaterials. This methodology allows control of the synthesis and stability of nanomaterials with novel properties. Thus, this review focus on a fundamental study of AuNPs properties and different techniques to characterize them, e.g., Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Small-angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS), and rheology. Recently, AuNPs obtained by “green” synthesis have been applied in catalysis, in medicine, and as antibacterials, sensors, among others.
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12
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Li T, Yan L. Functional Polymer Nanocarriers for Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:E133. [PMID: 30513613 PMCID: PMC6315651 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an appealing therapeutic modality in management of some solid tumors and other diseases for its minimal invasion and non-systemic toxicity. However, the hydrophobicity and non-selectivity of the photosensitizers, inherent serious hypoxia of tumor tissues and limited penetration depth of light restrict PDT further applications in clinic. Functional polymer nanoparticles can be used as a nanocarrier for accurate PDT. Here, we elucidate the mechanism and application of PDT in cancer treatments, and then review some strategies to administer the biodistribution and activation of photosensitizers (PSs) to ameliorate or utilize the tumor hypoxic microenvironment to enhance the photodynamic therapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Lifeng Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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13
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Lamch Ł, Pucek A, Kulbacka J, Chudy M, Jastrzębska E, Tokarska K, Bułka M, Brzózka Z, Wilk KA. Recent progress in the engineering of multifunctional colloidal nanoparticles for enhanced photodynamic therapy and bioimaging. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 261:62-81. [PMID: 30262128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This up-to-date review summarizes the design and current fabrication strategies that have been employed in the area of mono- and multifunctional colloidal nanoparticles - nanocarriers well suited for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and diagnostic purposes. Rationally engineered photosensitizer (PS)-loaded nanoparticles may be achieved via either noncovalent (i.e., self-aggregation, interfacial deposition, interfacial polymerization, or core-shell entrapment along with physical adsorption) or covalent (chemical immobilization or conjugation) processes. These PS loading approaches should provide chemical and physical stability to PS payloads. Their hydrophilic surfaces, capable of appreciable surface interactions with biological systems, can be further modified using functional groups (stealth effect) to achieve prolonged circulation in the body after administration and/or grafted by targeting agents (such as ligands, which bind to specific receptors uniquely expressed on the cell surface) or stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature, and light)-responsive moieties to improve their action and targeting efficiency. These attempts may in principle permit efficacious PDT, combination therapies, molecular diagnosis, and - in the case of nanotheranostics - simultaneous monitoring and treatment. Nanophotosensitizers (nano-PSs) should possess appropriate morphologies, sizes, unimodal distributions and surface processes to be successfully delivered to the place of action after systemic administration and should be accumulated in certain tumors by passive and/or active targeting. Additionally, physically facilitating drug delivery systems emerge as a promising approach to enhancing drug delivery, especially for the non-invasive treatment of deep-seated malignant tissues. Recent advances in nano-PSs are scrutinized, with an emphasis on design principles, via the promising use of colloid chemistry and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Lamch
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Pucek
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Wrocław, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Chudy
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jastrzębska
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tokarska
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bułka
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Brzózka
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimiera A Wilk
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
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Mesquita MQ, Dias CJ, Gamelas S, Fardilha M, Neves MGPMS, Faustino MAF. An insight on the role of photosensitizer nanocarriers for Photodynamic Therapy. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:1101-1130. [PMID: 29873674 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality of cancer treatment in which tumor cells are destroyed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by photosensitizers following its activation with visible or near infrared light. The PDT success is dependent on different factors namely on the efficiency of the photosensitizer deliver and targeting ability. In this review a special attention will be given to the role of some drug delivery systems to improve the efficiency of tetrapyrrolic photosensitizers to this type of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Q Mesquita
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina J Dias
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara Gamelas
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Cell-specific and pH-sensitive nanostructure hydrogel based on chitosan as a photosensitizer carrier for selective photodynamic therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 110:437-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Gheewala T, Skwor T, Munirathinam G. Photosensitizers in prostate cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30524-30538. [PMID: 28430624 PMCID: PMC5444762 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new therapeutics for the treatment of prostate cancer is ongoing with a focus on the balance between the harms and benefits of treatment. New therapies are being constantly developed to offer treatments similar to radical therapies, with limited side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising strategy in delivering focal treatment in primary as well as post radiotherapy prostate cancer. PDT involves activation of a photosensitizer (PS) by appropriate wavelength of light, generating transient levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several photosensitizers have been developed with a focus on treating prostate cancer like mTHPC, motexafin lutetium, padoporfin and so on. This article will review newly developed photosensitizers under clinical trials for the treatment of prostate cancer, along with the potential advantages and disadvantages in delivering focal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Gheewala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Troy Skwor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Rockford University, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
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17
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Fakayode OJ, Tsolekile N, Songca SP, Oluwafemi OS. Applications of functionalized nanomaterials in photodynamic therapy. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:49-67. [PMID: 29294258 PMCID: PMC5803176 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Specially designed functionalized nanomaterials such as superparamagnetic iron oxide, gold, quantum dots and up- and down-conversion lanthanide series nanoparticles have consistently and completely revolutionized the biomedical environment over the past few years due to their specially inferring properties, such as specific drug delivery, plasmonic effect, optical and imaging properties, therapeutic thermal energy productionand excellent irresistible cellular penetration. These properties have been used to improve many existing disease treatment modalities and have led to the development of better therapeutic approaches for the advancement of the treatment of critical human diseases, such as cancers and related malaise. In photodynamic therapy, for example, where the delivery of therapeutic agents should ideally avoid toxicity on nearby healthy cells, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been shown to be capable of making photodynamic therapy (PDT) prodrugs and their associative targeting moieties tumor-specific via their unique response to an external magnetic fields. In this review, the nanomaterials commonly employed for the enhancement of photodynamic therapy are discussed. The review further describes the various methods of synthesis and characterization of these nanomaterials and highlights challenges for improving the efficacy of PDT in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayemi J Fakayode
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ncediwe Tsolekile
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sandile P Songca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, PB X1001, Kwadlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Oluwatobi S Oluwafemi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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18
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Wang T, Liu Y, Wu C. Effect of Paclitaxel-Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with a Core-Shell Structure on the Human Lung Cancer Cell Line A549. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:66. [PMID: 28116610 PMCID: PMC5256628 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-1826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A nanodrug delivery system of paclitaxel-mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a core-shell structure (PAC-csMSN) was used to increase the dissolution of paclitaxel (PAC) and improve its treatment of lung cancer. PAC was loaded into the core-shell mesoporous silica nanoparticles (csMSN) by the adsorption equilibrium method and was in an amorphous state in terms of its mesoporous structure. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that csMSN increased the dissolution rate of PAC and improved its lung absorption. The area under concentration-time curve (AUC) value of PAC-csMSN used for pulmonary delivery in rabbits was 2.678-fold higher than that obtained with the PAC. After continuous administration for 3 days, a lung biopsy showed no signs of inflammation. Cell apoptosis results obtained by flow cytometry indicated that PAC-csMSN was more potent than pure PAC in promoting cell apoptosis. An absorption investigation of PAC-csMSN in A549 cells was carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). The obtained results indicated that the cellular uptake was time-dependent and csMSN was uptaken into the cytoplasm. All these results demonstrate that csMSN have the potential to achieve pulmonary inhalation administration of poorly water-soluble drugs for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieliang Wang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine School, Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province 121000 China
| | - Ying Liu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province 121000 China
| | - Chao Wu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province 121000 China
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19
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Yu Q, Xie A, Huang F, Li S, Xiao Y, Shen Y. Photosensitive multifunctional poly(vinyl alcohol) micelles for enhanced antitumor effect. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:918-924. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Liu J, Peng Q. Protein-gold nanoparticle interactions and their possible impact on biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2017; 55:13-27. [PMID: 28377307 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, concerns of protein-gold nanoparticles (AuNP) interaction have been continuously growing in numerous potential biomedical applications. Despite the advances in tunable size, shape and excellent biocompatibility, unpredictable adverse effects related with protein corona (PC) have critically affected physiological to therapeutic responses. The complexity and uncontrollability of AuNP-PC formation limited the clinical applications of AuNP, e.g. AuNP-based drug delivery systems or imaging agent. Thus, even intensive attempts have been made for in vitro characterizations of PC around AuNP, the extrapolation of these data into in vivo PC responses still lags far behind. However, with accumulated knowledge of corona formation and the unique properties of AuNP, we are now encouraged to move forward to seeking positive exploitations. Herein, we summarize recent researches on interaction of protein and AuNP, aiming at provide a comprehensive understanding of such interaction associated with subsequent biomedical impacts. Importantly, the emerging trends in exploiting of potential applications and opportunities based on protein-AuNP interaction were discussed as well. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown great potentials in biomedical areas. However, its practical use is highly limited by protein corona, formed as a result of protein-AuNP interaction. This protein corona surrounding AuNPs is a new identity and the real substance that the organs and cells firstly encounter, and finally makes the behavior of AuNPs in vivo uncontrollable and unpredictable. Therefore, comprehensively understanding such interaction is of great significance for predicting the in vivo fate of AuNPs and for designing advanced AuNPs systems. In this review, we would provide a detailed description of protein-AuNP interaction and launch an interesting discussion on how to use such interaction for smart and controlled AuNPs delivery, which would be a topic of widespread interest.
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A biomimetic Au@BSA-DTA nanocomposites-based contrast agent for computed tomography imaging. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:565-570. [PMID: 28576022 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of cancer is increasingly important for being considered to increase the survival rate in the treatment process. The past decades years have witnessed the great progress in the biological detection application of gold nanoparticles. Herein, we reported a facile one-pot synthesis process to obtain gold nanoparticles (Au@BSA) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a biotemplate following with conjugation of diatrizoic acid (DTA) for a potential X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging contrast agent (Au@BSA-DTA). The as-prepared biomimetic material was characterized systematically by several techniques. It was shown that the prepared biomaterial is colloid stable under the tested range of pH and temperature. The cell cytotoxicity assay, hemolytic assay and cell morphology observation showed that Au@BSA-DTA has good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility at a concentration of Au even up to 80μg/mL. Besides, the biomimetic material Au@BSA-DTA with double radiodense elements of Au and iodine displayed much stronger CT imaging effect compared with the traditional small molecule contrast agents, which paves the potential clinical application in cancer early diagnosis.
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22
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Mohammad F, Al-Lohedan HA. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone targeted superparamagnetic gold nanoshells for a combination therapy of hyperthermia and controlled drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:692-700. [PMID: 28482580 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this, we developed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) to be appropriate for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer cells by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetically controlled hyperthermia/drug delivery (respectively). For the preparation of composite, we started with SPIONs, followed by its coating with gold to form SPIONs@Au, which further conjugated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) protein by making use of the cysteamine (Cyst) space linker and finally loaded with 5-Fluororacil (5-Fu) anticancer drug to form SPIONs@Au-Cyst-LHRH_5-Fu composite. Thus formed composite was thoroughly characterized by making use of the instrumental analysis such as HRTEM, EDAX, DLS, TGA, XPS, UV-vis, FTIR, HPLC and SQUID magnetics. We found from the analysis that the particles are spherical in shape, monodispersed with a size distribution of around 6.9nm in powdered dry form, while in solution phase it is 8.7nm. The UV-vis, FTIR, and HPLC studies confirmed for the loading of the 5-Fu drug onto the surface of SPIONs core and the maximum amount of drug that got adsorbed to be about 42%. The SQUID magnetic studies provided the information for the superparamagnetic behavior of the drug loaded SPIONs and the saturation magnetization (Ms) values observed to be about 11emu/g and the blocking temperature (TB) of 348K. On testing the particles to see the effects of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) due to some changes in the solvent medium and oscillating frequency, the material seems to be highly active in aqueous medium and the activity gets increased with respect to the applied frequency of oscillation (430Hz>230Hz>44Hz). From the heat release studies, the calculated specific power loss (SPL) values for the SPIONs@Au-Cyst-LHRH_5-Fu composite are at the highest of 1068W/g in water (430Hz) vs the least of 68W/g in toluene (44Hz). Further, the drug release studies tested under the influence of magnetic field provided the information that the composite released its entire loaded drug following an exposure to the magnetic field (430Hz over 4h time), while only 53% (over 5h) for the controlled measurements of no magnetic field, thereby supporting to have the magnetic field so as to observe the externally controlled drug release effects. Finally, the results of the study provide the information that the SPIONs@Au-Cyst-LHRH_5-Fu composite can be potential for theranostic applications of cancer through the phenomenon of applying for MRI, magnetically controlled hyperthermia and drug delivery externally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruq Mohammad
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamad A Al-Lohedan
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Pellosi DS, Calori IR, de Paula LB, Hioka N, Quaglia F, Tedesco AC. Multifunctional theranostic Pluronic mixed micelles improve targeted photoactivity of Verteporfin in cancer cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 71:1-9. [PMID: 27987651 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology development provides new strategies to treat cancer by integration of different treatment modalities in a single multifunctional nanoparticle. In this scenario, we applied the multifunctional Pluronic P123/F127 mixed micelles for Verteporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy in PC3 and MCF-7 cancer cells. Micelles functionalization aimed the targeted delivery by the insertion of biotin moiety on micelle surface and fluorescence image-based through rhodamine-B dye conjugation in the polymer chains. Multifunctional Pluronics formed spherical nanoparticulated micelles that efficiently encapsulated the photosensitizer Verteporfin maintaining its favorable photophysical properties. Lyophilized formulations were stable at least for 6months and readily reconstituted in aqueous media. The multifunctional micelles were stable in protein-rich media due to the dual Pluronic mixed micelles characteristic: high drug loading capacity provided by its micellar core and high kinetic stability due its biocompatible shell. Biotin surface functionalized micelles showed higher internalization rates due biotin-mediated endocytosis, as demonstrated by competitive cellular uptake studies. Rhodamine B-tagged micelles allowed monitoring cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of the formulations. Confocal microscopy studies demonstrated a larger intracellular distribution of the formulation and photosensitizer, which could drive Verteporfin to act on multiple cell sites. Formulations were not toxic in the dark condition, but showed high Verteporfin-induced phototoxicity against both cancer cell lines at low drug and light doses. These results point Verteporfin-loaded multifunctional micelles as a promising tool to further developments in photodynamic therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Silva Pellosi
- Laboratory of Phobiology and photomdicine, Department of Chemistry (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Italo Rodrigo Calori
- Research Nucleus of Photodynamic Therapy, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 97020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Barcelos de Paula
- Laboratory of Phobiology and photomdicine, Department of Chemistry (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Research Nucleus of Photodynamic Therapy, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 97020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quaglia
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesanto 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Laboratory of Phobiology and photomdicine, Department of Chemistry (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Zhang LJ, Zhang XH, Liao PY, Sun JJ, Wang L, Yan YJ, Chen ZL. Antitumor activity evaluation of meso-tetra (pyrrolidine substituted) pentylporphin-mediated photodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:224-31. [PMID: 27591565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a minimally invasive and promising new method in cancer treatment and has attracted considerable attention in recent years. An ideal photosensitizer is a crucial element to photodynamic therapy. In the present paper, a novel porphyrin derivative, 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) pentyl) porphin (TPPP) was synthesized. Its spectroscopic and physicochemical properties, therapeutic efficacy as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for human bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo were investigated. TPPP had strong absorption at 648nm (ε=1.75×10(4)M(-1)cm(-1)), and two fluorescence emission peaks at 652nm and 718nm. PDT with TPPP showed low dark toxicity and high phototoxicity to human bladder cancer T24 cells in vitro. In bearing T24 tumor nude mice, the growth of tumor was significantly inhibited by combining use of 5mg/kg TPPP with 100J/cm(2) (650nm, 180mW/cm(2)) laser irradiation at 3h following injection of TPPP. The antitumor effect was also confirmed with histopathological assay. The histopathological study results revealed that PDT using TPPP and 100J/cm(2) (650nm, 180mW/cm(2)) laser irradiation induced tumor cells shrunken and necrotic. These results indicate that TPPP is useful as a new photosensitizer in PDT for cancer, and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Zhang
- Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ping-Yong Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jing-Jian Sun
- Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi-Jia Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhi-Long Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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