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de Miguel VC, Aparicio LS, Sansó G, Paissan AL, Lupi SN, Belli SH, Tkatch J, Marín MJ, Barontini MB. Seventy years of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas in Argentina. The FRENAR database. Hipertens Riesgo Vasc 2024:S1889-1837(24)00055-2. [PMID: 38693013 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are neuroendocrine tumors characterized by the excessive production of catecholamines. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of PPGL cases in Argentina over recent decades. A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional analysis was carried out using a database comprising both pediatric and adult patients with confirmed PPGL diagnoses based on pathological reports. A cohort of 486 patients with PPGL was recruited. Women represent 58.4% of the patients, with a mean age of 38.3 years old at the time of diagnosis and 15.2% of the patients were under the age of 18. Hypertension, as well as classic signs and symptoms, were present in 80.9% of the patients. The adrenal incidentaloma, as a mode of presentation, increased in the last two decades rising from 3.9% (1953-2000) to 21.8% (2001-2022), p<0.001. Most tumors were located within the adrenal glands, accounting 83.0% of the cases, with bilateral occurrences noted in 20.0%. The median tumor size was 4.8cm. Local recurrence and metastases were observed in 10.9% and 12.2%. Out of 412 patients, 87.0% exhibited urinary excretion elevation of catecholamines and/or their metabolites. Furthermore, 148 patients, representing 30.4% of the study population, displayed a distinct genetic profile indicative of hereditary syndromes. The distribution of hereditary syndromes revealed that MEN2, VHL, and PGL4 constituted the most prevalent syndromes. This population-based study, spanning seven decades, offers valuable insights into the demographic and clinical characteristics of PPGL patients in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - G Sansó
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas Dr. César Bergadá, CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A L Paissan
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S N Lupi
- Hospital Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S H Belli
- Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Tkatch
- Hospital Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M J Marín
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M B Barontini
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas Dr. César Bergadá, CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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Dedola S, Ahmadipour S, de Andrade P, Baker AN, Boshra AN, Chessa S, Gibson MI, Hernando PJ, Ivanova IM, Lloyd JE, Marín MJ, Munro-Clark AJ, Pergolizzi G, Richards SJ, Ttofi I, Wagstaff BA, Field RA. Sialic acids in infection and their potential use in detection and protection against pathogens. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:167-188. [PMID: 38456038 PMCID: PMC10915975 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In structural terms, the sialic acids are a large family of nine carbon sugars based around an alpha-keto acid core. They are widely spread in nature, where they are often found to be involved in molecular recognition processes, including in development, immunology, health and disease. The prominence of sialic acids in infection is a result of their exposure at the non-reducing terminus of glycans in diverse glycolipids and glycoproteins. Herein, we survey representative aspects of sialic acid structure, recognition and exploitation in relation to infectious diseases, their diagnosis and prevention or treatment. Examples covered span influenza virus and Covid-19, Leishmania and Trypanosoma, algal viruses, Campylobacter, Streptococci and Helicobacter, and commensal Ruminococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dedola
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Sanaz Ahmadipour
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Peterson de Andrade
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Alexander N Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Andrew N Boshra
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut 71526 Egypt
| | - Simona Chessa
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Matthew I Gibson
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Pedro J Hernando
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Irina M Ivanova
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Jessica E Lloyd
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Alexandra J Munro-Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | | | - Sarah-Jane Richards
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Iakovia Ttofi
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Ben A Wagstaff
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Robert A Field
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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3
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Thomas-Moore BA, Dedola S, Russell DA, Field RA, Marín MJ. Targeted photodynamic therapy for breast cancer: the potential of glyconanoparticles. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:6501-6513. [PMID: 38024308 PMCID: PMC10662151 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00544e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses a non-toxic light sensitive molecule, a photosensitiser, that releases cytotoxic reactive oxygen species upon activation with light of a specific wavelength. Here, glycan-modified 16 nm gold nanoparticles (glycoAuNPs) were explored for their use in targeted PDT, where the photosensitiser was localised to the target cell through selective glycan-lectin interactions. Polyacrylamide (PAA)-glycans were chosen to assess glycan binding to the cell lines. These PAA-glycans indicated the selective uptake of a galactose-derivative PAA by two breast cancer cell lines, SK-BR-3 and MDA-MD-231. Subsequently, AuNPs were modified with a galactose-derivative ligand and an amine derivate of the photosensitiser chlorin e6 was incorporated to the nanoparticle surface via amide bond formation using EDC/NHS coupling chemistry. The dual modified nanoparticles were investigated for the targeted cell killing of breast cancer cells, demonstrating the versatility of using glycoAuNPs for selective binding to different cancer cells and their potential use for targeted PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brydie A Thomas-Moore
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd. Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Simone Dedola
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd. Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - David A Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Robert A Field
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd. Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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4
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Schroter A, Arnau Del Valle C, Marín MJ, Hirsch T. Bilayer-Coating Strategy for Hydrophobic Nanoparticles Providing Colloidal Stability, Functionality, and Surface Protection in Biological Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305165. [PMID: 37249482 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The surface chemistry of nanoparticles is a key step on the pathway from particle design towards applications in biologically relevant environments. Here, a bilayer-based strategy for the surface modification of hydrophobic nanoparticles is introduced that leads to excellent colloidal stability in aqueous environments and good protection against disintegration, while permitting surface functionalization via simple carbodiimide chemistry. We have demonstrated the excellent potential of this strategy using upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), initially coated with oleate and therefore dispersible only in organic solvents. The hydrophobic oleate capping is maintained and a bilayer is formed upon addition of excess oleate. The bilayer approach renders protection towards luminescence loss by water quenching, while the incorporation of additional molecules containing amino functions yields colloidal stability and facilitates the introduction of functionality. The biological relevance of the approach was confirmed with the use of two model dyes, a photosensitizer and a nitric oxide (NO) probe that, when attached to the surface of the UCNPs, retained their functionality to produce singlet oxygen and detect intracellular NO, respectively. We present a simple and fast strategy to protect and functionalize inorganic nanoparticles in biological media, which is important for controlled surface engineering of nanosized materials for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schroter
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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5
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Arnau Del Valle C, Thomas P, Galindo F, Muñoz MP, Marín MJ. Gold nanoparticle-based two-photon fluorescent nanoprobe for monitoring intracellular nitric oxide levels. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:3387-3396. [PMID: 36919860 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00103b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the regulation of the immune, cardiovascular and nervous systems. Consequently, being able to monitor and quantify intracellular NO levels would provide a greater understanding of the implications of this molecule in the different biological processes, including, for example, in cancer. Here, we report a broadly applicable two-photon excitable fluorescent nanoprobe able to detect and potentially quantify NO levels in an extensive range of cellular environments. The nanoprobe consists of a thiolated photoinduced electron transfer-based two=photon fluorescent probe attached onto the surface of 2.4 ± 0.7 nm gold nanoparticles (DANPY-NO@AuNPs). The nanoprobe, which can be synthesised in a reproducible manner and exhibits great stability when stored at room temperature, is able to selectively detect NO in solution, with a dynamic range up to 150 μM, and at pH values of biological relevance. DANPY-NO@AuNPs were able to selectively detect endogenous NO in RAW264.7γ NO- macrophages and THP-1 human leukemic cells; and endogenous and exogenous NO in endothelial cells. The nanoprobe accumulated in the acidic organelles of the tested cell lines showing negligible toxicity. Importantly, DANPY-NO@AuNPs showed potential to quantify intracellular NO concentrations in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The biological evaluation of the nanoprobe was undertaken using confocal laser scanning (images and intracellular emission spectra) and multiphoton microscopies, and flow cytometry. Based on their excellent sensitivity and stability, and outstanding versatility, DANPY-NO@AuNPs can be applied for the spatiotemporal monitoring of in vitro and in vivo NO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Paul Thomas
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory for Cell Imaging, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7T, UK
| | - Francisco Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. .,Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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6
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Arnau Del Valle C, Williams L, Thomas P, Johnson R, Raveenthiraraj S, Warren D, Sobolewski A, Muñoz MP, Galindo F, Marín MJ. A highly photostable and versatile two-photon fluorescent probe for the detection of a wide range of intracellular nitric oxide concentrations in macrophages and endothelial cells. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 234:112512. [PMID: 35850002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many biological processes affecting the cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems. Intracellular NO can be monitored using fluorescent probes in combination with fluorescence imaging techniques. Most of the currently available NO fluorescent molecular probes are excited via one-photon excitation using UV or Vis light, which results in poor penetration and high photodamage to living tissues. Here, we report a two-photon fluorescent molecular probe, DANPY-NO, able to detect NO in live cells. The probe consists of an o-phenylenediamine linked to a naphthalimide core; and operates via photoinduced electron transfer. DANPY-NO exhibits good sensitivity (LOD of 77.8 nM) and high selectivity towards NO, and is stable over a broad range of pHs. The probe targeted acidic organelles within macrophages and endothelial cells, and demonstrated enhanced photostability over a commercially available NO probe. DANPY-NO was used to selectively detect endogenous NO in RAW264.7ϒ NO- macrophages, THP-1 human leukemic cells, primary mouse (bone marrow-derived) macrophages and endothelial cells. The probe was also able to detect exogenous NO in endothelial cells and distinguish between increasing concentrations of NO. The NO detection was evidenced using confocal laser scanning and two-photon microscopies, and flow cytometry. Further evidence was obtained by recording the changes in the intracellular fluorescence emission spectrum of the probe. Importantly, the probe displayed negligible toxicity to the analysed biological samples. The excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability and versatility of DANPY-NO confirm its potential for in vitro and in vivo imaging of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Lewis Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Paul Thomas
- Faculty of Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Robert Johnson
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Derek Warren
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Anastasia Sobolewski
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Francisco Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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7
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Thomas-Moore BA, Del Valle CA, Field RA, Marín MJ. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeting tactics for antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1111-1131. [PMID: 35384638 PMCID: PMC9287206 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The rise of antibacterial drug resistance means treatment options are becoming increasingly limited. We must find ways to tackle these hard-to-treat drug-resistant and biofilm infections. With the lack of new antibacterial drugs (such as antibiotics) reaching the clinics, research has switched focus to exploring alternative strategies. One such strategy is antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a system that relies on light, oxygen, and a non-toxic dye (photosensitiser) to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. This technique has already been shown capable of handling both drug-resistant and biofilm infections but has limited clinical approval to date, which is in part due to the low bioavailability and selectivity of hydrophobic photosensitisers. Nanotechnology-based techniques have the potential to address the limitations of current aPDT, as already well-documented in anti-cancer PDT. Here, we review recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeting tactics for aPDT. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Brydie A Thomas-Moore
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
- Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7GJ, UK.
| | - Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Robert A Field
- Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7GJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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8
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Maliszewska HK, Arnau Del Valle C, Xia Y, Marín MJ, Waller ZAE, Muñoz MP. Precious metal complexes of bis(pyridyl)allenes: synthesis and catalytic and medicinal applications. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16739-16750. [PMID: 34761768 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02929k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of donor-type substituents on the allene core opens up the possibility of coordination complexes in which the metal is bonded to the donor groups, with or without interaction with the double bond system. Despite the challenges in the synthesis of such allene-containing metal complexes, their unique 3D environments and dual functionality (allene and metal) could facilitate catalysis and interaction with chemical and biological systems. Bis(pyridyl)allenes are presented here as robust ligands for novel Pd(II), Pt(IV) and Au(III) complexes. Their synthesis, characterisation and first application as catalysts of benchmark reactions for Pd, Pt and Au are presented with interesting reactivity and selectivities. The complexes have also been probed as antimicrobial and anticancer agents with promising activities, and the first studies on their unusual interaction with several DNA structures will open new avenues for research in the area of metallodrugs with new mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K Maliszewska
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Ying Xia
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Zoë A E Waller
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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9
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Hernando PJ, Dedola S, Marín MJ, Field RA. Recent Developments in the Use of Glyconanoparticles and Related Quantum Dots for the Detection of Lectins, Viruses, Bacteria and Cancer Cells. Front Chem 2021; 9:668509. [PMID: 34350156 PMCID: PMC8326456 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.668509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-coated nanoparticles—glyconanoparticles—are finding increased interest as tools in biomedicine. This compilation, mainly covering the past five years, comprises the use of gold, silver and ferrite (magnetic) nanoparticles, silicon-based and cadmium-based quantum dots. Applications in the detection of lectins/protein toxins, viruses and bacteria are covered, as well as advances in detection of cancer cells. The role of the carbohydrate moieties in stabilising nanoparticles and providing selectivity in bioassays is discussed, the issue of cytotoxicity encountered in some systems, especially semiconductor quantum dots, is also considered. Efforts to overcome the latter problem by using other types of nanoparticles, based on gold or silicon, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Hernando
- Iceni Diagnostics Ltd., Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Dedola
- Iceni Diagnostics Ltd., Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A Field
- Iceni Diagnostics Ltd., Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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10
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Torres-Martínez A, Bedrina B, Falomir E, Marín MJ, Angulo-Pachón CA, Galindo F, Miravet JF. Non-Polymeric Nanogels as Versatile Nanocarriers: Intracellular Transport of the Photosensitizers Rose Bengal and Hypericin for Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:3658-3669. [PMID: 35014451 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanocarriers for intracellular transport of actives has been extensively studied in recent years and represents a central area of nanomedicine. The main novelty of this paper lies on the use of nanogels formed by a low-molecular-weight gelator (1). Here, non-polymeric, molecular nanogels are successfully used for intracellular transport of two photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents, Rose Bengal (RB) and hypericin (HYP). The two photosensitizers (PSs) exhibit different drawbacks for their use in clinical applications. HYP is poorly water-soluble, while the cellular uptake of RB is hindered due to its dianionic character at physiological pH values. Additionally, both PSs tend to aggregate precluding an effective PDT. Despite the different nature of these PSs, nanogels from gelator 1 provide, in both cases, an efficient intracellular transport into human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) and a notably improved PDT efficiency, as assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. Furthermore, no significant dark toxicity of the nanogels is observed, supporting the biocompatibility of the delivery system. The developed nanogels are highly reproducible due to their non-polymeric nature, and their synthesis is easily scaled up. The results presented here thus confirm the potential of molecular nanogels as valuable nanocarriers, capable of entrapping both hydrophobic and hydrophilic actives, for PDT of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Torres-Martínez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Begoña Bedrina
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Eva Falomir
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - César A Angulo-Pachón
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Francisco Galindo
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Juan F Miravet
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
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11
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Goddard ZR, Beekman AM, Cominetti MMD, O'Connell MA, Chambrier I, Cook MJ, Marín MJ, Russell DA, Searcey M. Peptide directed phthalocyanine-gold nanoparticles for selective photodynamic therapy of EGFR overexpressing cancers. RSC Med Chem 2020; 12:288-292. [PMID: 34041483 PMCID: PMC8127329 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles, covalently functionalised with the photosensitiser C11Pc and PEG, were actively targeted towards epidermal growth factor receptor overexpressing cancers using the peptide FITC-βAAEYLRK. Selective phototoxicity was observed at nanomolar concentrations with minimal dark toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Rachael Goddard
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | | | - Marco M D Cominetti
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Maria A O'Connell
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Michael J Cook
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - David A Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Mark Searcey
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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12
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Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are of increasing interest for their unique properties and their biocompatability, minimal toxicity, multivalency and size tunability make them exciting drug carriers. The functionalisaton of AuNPs with targeting moieties allows for their selective delivery to cancers, with antibodies, proteins, peptides, aptamers, carbohydrates and small molecules all exploited. Here, we review the recent advances in targeted-AuNPs for the treatment of cancer, with a particular focus on these classes of targeting ligands. We highlight the benefits and potential drawbacks of each ligand class and propose directions in which the field could grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Rachael Goddard
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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13
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Giorgi-Coll S, Marín MJ, Sule O, Hutchinson PJ, Carpenter KLH. Aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles for rapid aggregation-based detection of inflammation: an optical assay for interleukin-6. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 187:13. [PMID: 31802241 PMCID: PMC6892788 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A proof-of-concept aptamer-based optical assay is described for the determination of the immuno signalling molecule interleukin-6 (IL-6), a key marker of acute inflammation. The optical assay is based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) coated in two complimentary "sandwich-style" aptamers, each with different IL-6 target moieties. IL-6 will recognise the complimentary aptamer pair and bind to it, thereby causing the aggregation of the corresponding functionalised nanoparticles. The aggregation of the AuNPs after exposure to IL-6 induces a visible colour change from red to pink, with a corresponding change in the absorption maximum from 520 to 540 nm. The change in the absorption maximum can be monitored visually, or by using a spectrophotometer or a plate reader. The optimal size and functionalisation of aptamer-coated AuNPs, and the potential assay formats were investigated using UV-vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The optical assay was applied for detecting mouse IL-6 in a mixed protein solution as a representative biological sample. The assay works in the 3.3 to 125 μg·mL-1 IL-6 concentration range, and the detection limit (at S/N = 3) is 1.95 μg·mL-1. This study was performed as a proof-of-concept demonstration of this versatile assay design, with a view to developing a similar assay for use in clinical samples in future. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the aggregation of aptamer-functionalised nanoparticles in the presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6). The presence of mouse IL-6 in a mixed protein solution leads to a visible colour change, and a change in the absorption spectrum of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Giorgi-Coll
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Box 167, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Olajumoke Sule
- Clinical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Box 236, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Peter J Hutchinson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Box 167, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Box 65, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Keri L H Carpenter
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Box 167, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Box 65, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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14
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Collins JR, Chinea S, Cuello RJ, Florian AP, Palma P, Ambrosio N, Marín MJ, Figuero E, Herrera D. Subgingival microbiological profile of periodontitis patients in Dominican Republic. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2019; 32:36-43. [PMID: 31206573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have tried to associate the presence of different pathogens with the onset and progression ofperiodontitis, reporting a wide variety of results from different populations and environments. The aim of this study was to determine the main periodontal pathogens present in the subgingival biofilm of Dominican patients with periodontitis, by using specific microbiological culturing techniques. Periodontitis patients were selected after a full-mouth periodontal evaluation, and assigned to different periodontitis groups based on percentage of affected locations. Subgingival samples were collected and analyzed by means of specific culture techniques. Anaerobic counts, frequency of detection and proportions of target pathogens were calculated. Variables were analyzed by means of Student's T-test or chi-square test. Twenty-nine subjects were recruited, of whom 17 were diagnosed with generalized periodontitis (GenP) and 12 with localized periodontitis (LocP). The most prevalent bacterial species in both groups was Prevotella intermedia (94.1% in GenP and 91.7% in LocP), followed by Porphyromonas gingivalis (88.2% in GenP and 83.3% in LocP). Total microbiota in subgingival samples was 1.3 x107 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL (standard deviation, SD=1.5 x107) and 9.6x10s CFU/mL (SD=1.1 x107) in GenP and LocP subjects, respectively, though differences were not statistically significant (p=0.222). The highest counts were observed for P gingivalis in both groups, with mean concentration 2.5x10s CFU/mL (6.1x10s) in GenP and 2.9x10s CFU/mL (5x10s) in LocP, with no statistically significant difference (p=0.879). These results suggest that relevant periodontal pathogens are found with diversity and abundance in the subgingival microbiota of adult Dominican patients with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Collins
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM), Escuela de Odontología, Departamento de Periodoncia, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - Sofía Chinea
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Grupo de investigación ETEP (Etiología y Terapéutica de las Enfermedades Periodontales), Departmento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosanna J Cuello
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM), Escuela de Odontología, Departamento de Periodoncia, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - Alba P Florian
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM), Escuela de Odontología, Departamento de Periodoncia, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - Patricia Palma
- Universidad de Chile, Escuela de Odontología, Departamento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nagore Ambrosio
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Grupo de investigación ETEP (Etiología y Terapéutica de las Enfermedades Periodontales), Departmento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Marín
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Grupo de investigación ETEP (Etiología y Terapéutica de las Enfermedades Periodontales), Departmento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Figuero
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Grupo de investigación ETEP (Etiología y Terapéutica de las Enfermedades Periodontales), Departmento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Herrera
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Grupo de investigación ETEP (Etiología y Terapéutica de las Enfermedades Periodontales), Departmento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Buchner M, García Calavia P, Muhr V, Kröninger A, Baeumner AJ, Hirsch T, Russell DA, Marín MJ. Photosensitiser functionalised luminescent upconverting nanoparticles for efficient photodynamic therapy of breast cancer cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:98-109. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00354h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rose Bengal functionalised upconverting nanoparticles produce singlet oxygen via efficient FRET following NIR excitation and have been used for the photodynamic therapy treatment of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Buchner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Chemo- and Biosensors
- University of Regensburg
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | | | - Verena Muhr
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Chemo- and Biosensors
- University of Regensburg
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Anna Kröninger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Chemo- and Biosensors
- University of Regensburg
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Antje J. Baeumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Chemo- and Biosensors
- University of Regensburg
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Chemo- and Biosensors
- University of Regensburg
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - David A. Russell
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | - María J. Marín
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
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16
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Alea-Reyes ME, Penon O, García Calavia P, Marín MJ, Russell DA, Pérez-García L. Synthesis and in vitro phototoxicity of multifunctional Zn(II)meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin-coated gold nanoparticles assembled via axial coordination with imidazole ligands. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 521:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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García Calavia P, Marín MJ, Chambrier I, Cook MJ, Russell DA. Towards optimisation of surface enhanced photodynamic therapy of breast cancer cells using gold nanoparticle–photosensitiser conjugates. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:281-289. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00225d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface enhanced fluorescence of zinc pthalocyanine-functionalised gold nanoparticles leads to a remarkable enhancement in photodynamic efficiency and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María J. Marín
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | - Michael J. Cook
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | - David A. Russell
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
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18
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Leggett R, Thomas P, Marín MJ, Gavrilovic J, Russell DA. Imaging of compartmentalised intracellular nitric oxide, induced during bacterial phagocytosis, using a metalloprotein-gold nanoparticle conjugate. Analyst 2017; 142:4099-4105. [PMID: 28960221 PMCID: PMC5708316 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00898h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an essential role within the immune system since it is involved in the break-down of infectious agents such as viruses and bacteria. The ability to measure the presence of NO in the intracellular environment would provide a greater understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of this important molecule. Here we report the detection of NO from the intracellular phagolysosome using a fluorescently tagged metalloprotein-gold nanoparticle conjugate. The metalloprotein cytochrome c, fluorescently tagged with an Alexa Fluor dye, was self-assembled onto gold nanoparticles to produce a NO specific nanobiosensor. Upon binding of NO, the cytochrome c protein changes conformation which induces an increase of fluorescence intensity of the tagged protein proportional to the NO concentration. The nanobiosensor was sensitive to NO in a reversible and selective manner, and exhibited a linear response at NO concentrations between 1 and 300 μM. In RAW264.7γ NO- macrophage cells, the nanobiosensor was used to detect the presence of NO that had been endogenously generated upon stimulation of the cells with interferon-γ and lipopolysaccharide, or spontaneously released following treatment of the cells with a NO donor. Significantly, the nanobiosensor was shown to be taken up by the macrophages within phagolysosomes, i.e., the precise location where the NO, together with other species, destroys bacterial infection. The nanobiosensor measured, for the first time, increasing concentrations of NO produced during combined stimulation and phagocytosis of Escherichia coli bacteria from within localised intracellular phagolysosomes, a key part of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Leggett
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich , Norfolk NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Paul Thomas
- School of Biological Sciences , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich , Norfolk NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - María J. Marín
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich , Norfolk NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - Jelena Gavrilovic
- School of Biological Sciences , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich , Norfolk NR4 7TJ , UK .
| | - David A. Russell
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich , Norfolk NR4 7TJ , UK .
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19
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Schofield CL, Marín MJ, Rejzek M, Crocker PR, Field RA, Russell DA. Detection of mSiglec-E, in solution and expressed on the surface of Chinese hamster ovary cells, using sialic acid functionalised gold nanoparticles. Analyst 2016; 141:5799-5809. [PMID: 27537280 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01230b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids are widespread in biology, fulfilling a wide range of functions. Their cognate lectin receptors - Siglecs - are equally diverse and widely distributed, with different Siglecs found within distinct populations of cells in the haemopoietic, immune and nervous systems. A convenient way to assay ligand recognition of soluble Siglecs would be useful, as would methods for the concomitant assessment of Siglec distribution on cell surfaces. Here we report the use of gold nanoparticles functionalised with a sialic acid ligand diluted with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) ligand for the plasmonic detection of a soluble form of murine Siglec-E (mSiglec-E-Fc fusion protein) and, importantly, for the specific detection of the same Siglec expressed on the surface of mammalian cells. These sialic acid functionalised nanoparticles are shown to overcome problems such as cellular cis interactions and low Siglec-ligand affinity. The gold nanoparticles were functionalised with various ratios of sialic acid : PEG ligands and the optimum ratio for the detection of murine Siglec-E was established based on the plasmonic detection of the soluble pre-complexed recombinant form of murine Siglec-E (mSiglec-E-Fc fusion protein). The optimum ratio for the detection of the fusion protein was found to be sialic acid : PEG ligands in a 50 : 50 ratio (glyconanoparticles 1). The optimised glyconanoparticles 1 were used to recognise and bind to the murine Siglec-E expressed on the surface of transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells as determined by transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Schofield
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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20
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Pérez-Salcedo L, Laguna E, Sánchez MC, Marín MJ, O'Connor A, González I, Sanz M, Herrera D. Molecular identification of black-pigmented bacteria from subgingival samples of cats suffering from periodontal disease. J Small Anim Pract 2016; 56:270-5. [PMID: 25819443 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterise the black-pigmented bacterial species found in the subgingival samples of cats with periodontal disease using molecular-based microbiological techniques. METHODS Sixty-five subgingival samples obtained from 50 cats with periodontal disease were analysed by polymerase chain reaction amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and cloning and sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. RESULTS Among the 65 subgingival samples, eight phylogenetic profiles were obtained, of which the most prevalent species were: Porphyromonas gulae (40%), P. gingivalis/P. gulae (36 · 9%), P. gulae/Porphyromonas sp. UQD 406 (9 · 2%), Odoribacter denticanis (6 · 2%), P. gulae/Porphyromonas sp. UQD 348 (1 · 5%) and P. circumdentaria (1 · 5%). When compared with the species resulting from biochemical diagnosis, the identification of P. gulae was congruent in 70% of the cases, while colonies identified as P. intermedia-like corresponded in 80% of cases to P. gulae. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of molecular-based microbiological diagnostic techniques resulted in a predominance of Porphyromonas spp. in the subgingival plaque of cats suffering from periodontal disease. Further characterisation of these bacteria identified P. gulae, O. denticanis and P. circumdentaria. The more frequently detected phylogenetic profiles corresponded to P. gingivalis and P. gulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pérez-Salcedo
- Research Laboratory, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Penon O, Marín MJ, Amabilino DB, Russell DA, Pérez-García L. Iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with novel hydrophobic and hydrophilic porphyrins as potential agents for photodynamic therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 462:154-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Camerin M, Moreno M, Marín MJ, Schofield CL, Chambrier I, Cook MJ, Coppellotti O, Jori G, Russell DA. Delivery of a hydrophobic phthalocyanine photosensitizer using PEGylated gold nanoparticle conjugates for the in vivo photodynamic therapy of amelanotic melanoma. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:618-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00463b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles functionalised with PEG and a phthalocyanine photosensitiser achieved 40% no tumour regrowth and complete survival followingin vivoPDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Camerin
- Department of Biology
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Miguel Moreno
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | - María J. Marín
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | | | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | - Michael J. Cook
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
| | | | - Giulio Jori
- Department of Biology
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - David A. Russell
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich Research Park
- Norwich
- UK
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23
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Abstract
Carbohydrate molecules are involved in many of the cellular processes that are important for life. By combining the specific analyte targeting of carbohydrates with the multivalent structure and change of solution colour as a consequence of plasmonic interactions with the aggregation of metal nanoparticles, glyconanoparticles have been used extensively for the development of bioanalytical assays. The noble metals used to create the nanocore, the methodologies used to assemble the carbohydrates on the nanoparticle surface, the carbohydrate chosen for each specific target, the length of the tether that separates the carbohydrate from the nanocore and the density of carbohydrates on the surface all impact on the structural formation of metal based glyconanoparticles. This tutorial review highlights these key components, which directly impact on the selectivity and sensitivity of the developed bioassay, for the colorimetric detection of lectins, toxins and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK.
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24
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Saura AV, Marín MJ, Burguete MI, Russell DA, Galindo F, Luis SV. The synthesis of new fluorescent bichromophoric compounds as ratiometric pH probes for intracellular measurements. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7736-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00704f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Three different bichromophoric compounds (1–3) containing an aminomethyl anthracene moiety linked to a second chromophore have been prepared and their fluorescent properties studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Vanessa Saura
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- Universitat Jaume I
- Castellón
- Spain
| | | | - M. Isabel Burguete
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- Universitat Jaume I
- Castellón
- Spain
| | | | - Francisco Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- Universitat Jaume I
- Castellón
- Spain
| | - Santiago V. Luis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- Universitat Jaume I
- Castellón
- Spain
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25
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Marín MJ, Rashid A, Rejzek M, Fairhurst SA, Wharton SA, Martin SR, McCauley JW, Wileman T, Field RA, Russell DA. Glyconanoparticles for the plasmonic detection and discrimination between human and avian influenza virus. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 11:7101-7. [PMID: 24057694 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41703d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A plasmonic bioassay for the specific detection of human influenza virus has been developed based on gold nanoparticles functionalised with a designed and synthesised thiolated trivalent α2,6-thio-linked sialic acid derivative. The glyconanoparticles consist of the thiolated trivalent α2,6-thio-linked sialic acid derivative and a thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative self-assembled onto the gold surface. Varying ratios of the trivalent α2,6-thio-linked sialic acid ligand and the PEG ligand were used; a ratio of 25:75 was found to be optimum for the detection of human influenza virus X31 (H3N2). In the presence of the influenza virus a solution of the glyconanoparticles aggregate following the binding of the trivalent α2,6-thio-linked sialic acid ligand to the haemagglutinin on the surface of the virus. The aggregation of the glycoparticles with the influenza virus induces a colour change of the solution within 30 min. Non-purified influenza virus in allantoic fluid was successfully detected using the functionalised glyconanoparticles. A comparison between the trivalent and a monovalent α2,6-thio-linked sialic acid functionalised nanoparticles confirmed that more rapid results, with greater sensitivity, were achieved using the trivalent ligand for the detection of the X31 virus. Importantly, the glyconanoparticles were able to discriminate between human (α2,6 binding) and avian (α2,3 binding) RG14 (H5N1) influenza virus highlighting the binding specificity of the trivalent α2,6-thio-linked sialic acid ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK.
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26
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Wadhavane PD, Izquierdo MÁ, Lutters D, Burguete MI, Marín MJ, Russell DA, Galindo F, Luis SV. Fluorescent macrocyclic probes with pendant functional groups as markers of acidic organelles within live cells. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:823-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Marín MJ, Rackham BD, Round AN, Howell LA, Russell DA, Searcey M. A rapid screen for molecules that form duplex to duplex crosslinks in DNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9113-5. [PMID: 23995794 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45600e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe a gold nanoparticle based assay that can rapidly determine the crosslinking of DNA duplexes by ligands. Such compounds have potential in targeting highly compacted DNA such as that found in the nucleosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Ballesteros MA, Marín MJ, Martín MS, Rubio-Lopez MI, López-Hoyos M, Miñambres E. Effect of neuroprotective therapies (hypothermia and cyclosporine a) on dopamine-induced apoptosis in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Brain Inj 2013; 27:354-60. [PMID: 23438355 DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2012.743184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hypothermia and CyA on neuronal survival after induced injury in a neuronal model. METHODS Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were seeded and allowed to grow. To determine whether lower temperatures protect from dopamine-induced apoptosis, cells were treated with dopamine at 100 µM, at 300 µM or without dopamine and incubated at 32 °C or 37 °C for 24 hours. To assess the effect of CyA, cells were pre-incubated with CyA at 37 °C and after dopamine was added. RESULTS After 24 hours of incubation at 37 °C, 100 µM and 300 µM dopamine induced 42% (SD = 21) and 58% (SD = 7.9) apoptotic SH-SY5 cells, respectively. In cultures at 32 °C dopamine-induced apoptosis could be reversed by hypothermia [7% (SD = 1.4) and 3.45% (SD = 1.1) for 100 µM and 300 µM, respectively], similar to levels obtained in non-treated cells [2.4% (SD = 1.5)]. Cyclosporine A treatment did not render the expected result, since CyA-pre-treated cells and SH-SY5Y cells showed higher levels of apoptosis than those observed with dopamine alone CONCLUSIONS Hypothermia has a marked protective effect against apoptotic cell death induced by dopamine in a human neuroblastic cell line. The neuroprotective effect of CyA described with other apoptotic cell death stimuli was not demonstrated with our experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Ballesteros
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, Santander, Spain.
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Marín MJ, Galindo F, Thomas P, Wileman T, Russell DA. A photoinduced electron transfer-based nanoprobe as a marker of acidic organelles in mammalian cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:6197-207. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-6905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sánchez MC, Marín MJ, Figuero E, Llama-Palacios A, Herrera D, Sanz M. Analysis of viable vs. dead Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis using selective quantitative real-time PCR with propidium monoazide. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:213-20. [PMID: 22957816 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES One of the major disadvantages of DNA-based microbial diagnostics is their inability to differentiate DNA between viable and dead microorganisms, which could be important when studying etiologically relevant pathogens. The aim of this investigation was to optimize a method for the selective detection and quantification of only viable Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis cells by combining quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and propidium monoazide (PMA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Three different concentrations of PMA (10, 50 or 100 μm) were added to suspensions of 10(6) (CFU)/mL of viable/dead A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis cells. After DNA isolation, qPCR was carried out using specific primers and probes for the tested bacteria. PMA was further tested with different mixtures containing varying ratios of viable and dead cells. The efficacy of PMA to detect viable/dead cells was tested by analysis of variance. RESULTS For these specific bacterial pathogens, 100 μm PMA resulted in a significant reduction of qPCR amplification with dead cells (10(6) CFU/mL), while with viable cells no significant inhibition was detected. PMA was also effective in detecting selectively viable cells by qPCR detection, when mixtures of varying ratios of viable and dead bacteria were used. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the efficiency of PMA for differentiating viable and dead A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis cells. This method of PMA-qPCR may be useful for monitoring new antimicrobial strategies and for assessing the pathogenic potential of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in different oral conditions when using molecular diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Sánchez
- ETEP (Aetiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Marín MJ, Galindo F, Thomas P, Russell DA. Localized intracellular pH measurement using a ratiometric photoinduced electron-transfer-based nanosensor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9657-61. [PMID: 22907743 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK
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Marín MJ, Galindo F, Thomas P, Russell DA. Localized Intracellular pH Measurement Using a Ratiometric Photoinduced Electron-Transfer-Based Nanosensor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Iniesta M, Herrera D, Montero E, Zurbriggen M, Matos AR, Marín MJ, Sánchez-Beltrán MC, Llama-Palacio A, Sanz M. Probiotic effects of orally administered Lactobacillus reuteri-containing tablets on the subgingival and salivary microbiota in patients with gingivitis. A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39:736-44. [PMID: 22694350 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2012.01914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of an orally administered probiotic on the oral microbiota. METHODS A placebo-controlled, parallel study was conducted in 40 gingivitis subjects during 8 weeks. Treatment consisted on the administration of a daily tablet, either containing Lactobacillus reuteri or placebo. Unstimulated saliva and subgingival samples were collected and analysed by culture and PCR. Clinical and microbiological outcome variables were compared between and within groups. RESULTS There were no significant changes between and within the groups in the clinical variables. In saliva, total anaerobic counts after 4 weeks (p = 0.021) and counts of Prevotella intermedia after 8 weeks (p = 0.030), showed reductions in the test group. In subgingival samples, significant reductions in the changes baseline to 4 weeks were observed for P. gingivalis counts (p = 0.008). With PCR, L. reuteri ATCC-PTA-5289 was more frequently detected than L. reuteri DSM-17938. CONCLUSIONS The effect of L. reuteri administered in tablets resulted in a reduction in the number of selected periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota, without an associated clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Iniesta
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Marín MJ, Thomas P, Fabregat V, Luis SV, Russell DA, Galindo F. Fluorescence of 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone and its nitric oxide reaction product within macrophage cells. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2471-7. [PMID: 21953703 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many biological processes. Aromatic ortho-diamine derivatives are commonly used in the fluorescence imaging of NO in living cells. ortho-diamino (o-diamino) compounds are believed to react with NO in an oxygenated medium leading to the formation of a triazole derivative. One such o-diamino compound, 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone (DAA), is a nontoxic probe for the detection of NO in living tissues and cells. The formation of the DAA triazole derivative (DAA-TZ) upon reaction of DAA with NO/O(2) within cells has not been demonstrated previously. The aim of this study was to confirm that DAA-TZ is the species formed intracellularly when DAA reacts with NO in the presence of oxygen. The chemical synthesis and characterisation of DAA-TZ was performed together with intracellular studies of DAA and DAA-TZ. Raw 264.7 macrophages were loaded with the DAA or DAA-TZ under conditions of no-stimulation or stimulation with interferon-γ and lipopolysaccharide to produce NO. Confocal microscopy was used to image the DAA-loaded macrophage cells. Analysis of the emission spectra allowed precise discrimination of the fluorescence of each species in the macrophage cells, and confirmed the identity of DAA-TZ as the intracellular reaction product between DAA and NO in the presence of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
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Utrillas MP, Marín MJ, Esteve AR, Estellés V, Tena F, Cañada J, Martínez-Lozano JA. Diffuse Ultraviolet Erythemal Irradiance on Inclined Planes: A Comparison of Experimental and Modeled Data. Photochem Photobiol 2009; 85:1245-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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García-Astudillo LA, Fontalba A, Mazorra F, Marín MJ, Castellanos A, Fernández S, Tejido R, López-Hoyos M. Severe course of community-acquired pneumonia in an adult patient who is heterozygous for Q481P in the perforin gene: are carriers of the mutation free of risk? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2009; 19:311-316. [PMID: 19639728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cases of autosomal recessive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are associated with over 50 mutations in the perforin gene. Some of these mutations have no clear functional association. Only homozygous patients display a full-blown syndrome, whereas no severe disease has been described in heterozygous carriers of these mutations despite the presence of functional and phenotypic alterations in cytotoxic cells. We study the family of a child who died from HLH at 6 months of age due to a Q481P mutation in the perforin gene. The study is particularly interesting because the patient's heterozygous father experienced severe community-acquired pneumonia that could be attributed to deficient in vitro NK cell activity despite normal perforin expression. This case report suggests that impaired NK cell activity in a heterozygote can result in poorer initial control of infections with severe clinical expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A García-Astudillo
- Immunology Division,University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
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Martínez-Lozano JA, Marín MJ, Tena F, Utrillas MP, Sánchez-Muniosguren L, González-Frías C, Cuevas E, Redondas A, Lorente J, Cabo X, Cachorro V, Vergaz R, Frutos A, Díaz JP, Expósito FJ, Morena B, Vilaplana JM. UV Index Experimental Values During the Years 2000 and 2001 from the Spanish Broadband UV-B Radiometric Network¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760181uievdt2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
Solar ultraviolet erythemal irradiance (UVER) has been studied on inclined planes with different orientations in Valencia, Spain. To do this a platform was designed that could turn through 90 degrees on its own axis. The radiometers were inclined at an angle close to the latitude of Valencia (39.5 degrees N). Using two timers the platform could be turned through 90 degrees every 5 min. On clear or partially cloudy days, including those with different turbidity values, it was observed that the UVER showed a maximum at 1200 h GMT, very close to solar noon, in the north and south positions, while the maximum for east and west orientations was found at approximately one hour before and one hour after midday respectively. It was also observed how the irradiance for the south orientation was greater and for the north was less than for the horizontal plane, as well as the opposite performances of the east and west orientations, for four days close to the summer and winter solstices and each equinox. Some experimental results were also compared with the results from the SMARTS2.9 model for the same conditions. It was found that the model frequently overestimated the experimental data. With respect to the maximum calculated UV Index in the different planes this was always higher for the south orientation than for the north, while it was similar for east and west orientations throughout the year. Finally the accumulated erythemal dosage for the considered period was obtained as a function of phototype and orientation, confirming that the accumulated erythemal dosage decreased by around 37% in the north orientation compared to the horizontal value, while in the south position it was only 6% less and some 20% and 15% less in the east and west positions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Esteve
- Solar Radiation Group, University of Valencia, Spain
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Bru M, Burguete MI, Galindo F, Luis SV, Marín MJ, Vigara L. Cross-linked poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) films doped with 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone (DAQ) as efficient materials for the colorimetric sensing of nitric oxide and nitrite anion. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Marín MJ, Sola Y, Tena F, Utrillas MP, Campmany E, de Cabo X, Lorente J, Martínez-Lozano JA. The UV Index on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Photochem Photobiol 2005; 81:659-65. [PMID: 15723566 DOI: 10.1562/2004-11-25-ra-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An analysis is made of measured ultraviolet erythemal solar radiation (UVER) data recorded during the year 2003 by the networks of the Catalan Weather Service and the Environment Department of Valencia (both on the Spanish Mediterranean coast). Results show a latitudinal variation at sea level, of 3-4% per degree and an increase with altitude of 10% per km. Based on these data the UV Index has been evaluated for the measuring stations. The maximum experimental value of the UV Index was around 9 during the summer, although higher values were recorded at two stations, one at the highest elevation and the other at the lowest latitude. The annual accumulated doses of irradiation on a horizontal plane have been presented as well as the evolution through the year in units of energy, Standard Erythemal Doses and Minimum Erythemal Doses according to different phototypes. Lastly, the UV Index forecast, determined with a multiple scattering radiative transfer model, has been analyzed. Total agreement or only one unit of difference between measured and modelled values was found in 94% of cloud-free cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Marín
- Solar Radiation Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Marín MJ, García I, Peña M, Bolívar A, Zubiaga A, Lóez-Hoyos M. E2F1−/−C57BL/6 Mice Overexpressing a Human Bcl-2 Transgene in B Cells Develop a Mild Autoimmune Syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1051:156-65. [PMID: 16126955 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1361.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2, besides having an anti-apoptotic function, delays cell cycle progression at G1 to S. Overexpression of Bcl-2 in B cells induces an autoimmune syndrome (AIS) in pro-autoimmune genetic backgrounds. E2F1, a member of the E2F transcription factors, controls cell cycle, but it also induces cell death. E2F1(-/-) mice show an altered negative thymic selection but a conserved peripheral tolerance. As a consequence, these mice do not develop autoimmunity. Our aim was to evaluate whether deregulation of both apoptosis and cell cycle alters the mechanisms of tolerance and induces an AIS. C57BL/6 E2F1(-/-) mice were crossed with C57BL/6 mice overexpressing a human Bcl-2 transgene in B cells to obtain E2F1(-/-) hbcl-2 Tg mice. These mice were followed for up to 15 months of age with bleedings every three months to obtain serum and whole blood. The production of an AIS was assessed by quantitation of serum anti-DNA antibodies, renal light microscopy, and direct immunofluorescence in search of immunoglobulin deposits. E2F1(-/-) hbcl-2 Tg mice developed an AIS characterized by anti-DNA autoantibody production with renal damage observed after the 9th month of age. The lesions consisted mainly on cellular proliferation and mesangial deposits, compatible with a mesangial glomerulonephritis. The composition of deposits was predominantly of IgA, followed by IgM and IgG. Despite the development of renal damage, the AIS observed did not induce an accelerated mortality. The coexistence of an altered B cell apoptosis, together with the lack of E2F1, induces a mild AIS in the non-autoimmune background of C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Marín
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander 39008, Spain
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Martínez-Lozano JA, Marín MJ, Tena F, Utrillas MP, Sánchez-Muniosguren L, González-Frías C, Cuevas E, Redondas A, Lorente J, de Cabo X, Cachorro V, Vergaz R, de Frutos A, Díaz JP, Expósito FJ, de la Morena B, Vilaplana JM. UV index experimental values during the years 2000 and 2001 from the Spanish broadband UV-B radiometric network. Photochem Photobiol 2002; 76:181-7. [PMID: 12194215 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0181:uievdt>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An analysis is made of experimental ultraviolet erythemal solar radiation data measured during the years 2000 and 2001 by the Spanish UV-B radiation evaluation and prediction network. This network consists of 16 Robertson-Berger type pyranometers for evaluating solar erythemal radiation and five Brewer spectroradiometers for evaluating the stratospheric ozone. On the basis of these data the Ultraviolet Index (UVI) was evaluated for the measuring stations that are located either in coastal regions or in the more densely populated regions inland on the Iberian Peninsula. It has been checked that in most cases the maximum irradiance values corresponded to solar noon, although there were exceptions that could be explained by cloudiness. The maximum experimental values of the UVI were around 9 during the summer, though frequently passing this value at the inland measurement stations. The annual accumulated dose of irradiation on a horizontal plane has also been studied, as well as the evolution through the year in units of energy, standard erythemal doses and minimum erythemal doses, according to different phototypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Martínez-Lozano
- Grupo de Radiación Solar, Universitat de Valencia, Burjassot, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Prieto L, Sánchez-Toril F, Gutiérrez V, Marín MJ. Airway responsiveness to inhaled acetaldehyde in subjects with allergic rhinitis: relationship to methacholine responsiveness. Respiration 2002; 69:129-35. [PMID: 11961426 DOI: 10.1159/000056315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthmatic subjects have an exaggerated airway response to inhaled acetaldehyde, but no information is available on airway responsiveness to this bronchoconstrictor agent in subjects with allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inhaled acetaldehyde on lung function in nonasthmatic subjects with allergic rhinitis. METHODS A total of 78 adults (43 subjects with allergic rhinitis, 16 asthmatics and 19 healthy subjects) were challenged with increased concentrations of acetaldehyde and methacholine. The response to each bronchoconstrictor agent was measured by the provocative concentration required to produce a 20% fall in FEV(1) (PC(20)). RESULTS The geometric mean PC(20) acetaldehyde value for asthmatics was 35.5 mg/ml compared with 67.6 mg/ml in subjects with allergic rhinitis and with 80.0 mg/ml in healthy subjects (p < 0.001). The PC(20) acetaldehyde values in the allergic rhinitis group were also significantly lower than in the healthy control group (p = 0.04). All of the subjects with allergic rhinitis and increased responsiveness to acetaldehyde showed airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, but 9 patients with hyperresponsiveness to methacholine failed to respond to acetaldehyde. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that subjects with allergic rhinitis are less responsive to inhaled acetaldehyde than asthmatic subjects, but more than healthy controls. Furthermore, only approximately half the patients with allergic rhinitis and airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine exhibit bronchoconstriction with inhaled acetaldehyde, thus suggesting that airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine may not be the sole factor leading to bronchoconstriction in response to acetaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Prieto
- Sección de Alergología, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Universidad de Valencia, C/Gaspar Aguilar 90, E-46017 Valencia, Spain.
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