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Nasiri-Tabrizi B, Basirun WJ, Walvekar R, Yeong CH, Phang SW. Exploring the potential of intermetallic alloys as implantable biomaterials: A comprehensive review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213854. [PMID: 38703541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the utilization of intermetallic alloys (IMAs) as advanced biomaterials for medical implants, scrutinizing their conceptual framework, fabrication challenges, and diverse manufacturing techniques such as casting, powder metallurgy, and additive manufacturing. Manufacturing techniques such as casting, powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing, and injection molding are discussed, with specific emphasis on achieving optimal grain sizes, surface roughness, and mechanical properties. Post-treatment methods aimed at refining surface quality, dimensional precision, and mechanical properties of IMAs are explored, including the use of heat treatments to enhance biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. The review presents an in-depth examination of IMAs-based implantable biomaterials, covering lab-scale developments and commercial-scale implants. Specific IMAs such as Nickel Titanium, Titanium Aluminides, Iron Aluminides, Magnesium-based IMAs, Zirconium-based IMAs, and High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are highlighted, with detailed discussions on their mechanical properties, including strength, elastic modulus, and corrosion resistance. Future directions are outlined, with an emphasis on the anticipated growth in the orthopedic devices market and the role of IMAs in meeting this demand. The potential of porous IMAs in orthopedics is explored, with emphasis on achieving optimal pore sizes and distributions for enhanced osseointegration. The review concludes by highlighting the ongoing need for research and development efforts in IMAs technologies, including advancements in design and fabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Nasiri-Tabrizi
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Jefrey Basirun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rashmi Walvekar
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh 174103, India
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Siew Wei Phang
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Song Z, Wang Z, Chen Q, Qi Z, Kim KB, Wang W. Role of Cr Element in Highly Dense Passivation of Fe-Based Amorphous Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6630. [PMID: 37895612 PMCID: PMC10608733 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the Cr element on the corrosion behavior of as-spun Fe72-xCrxB19.2Si4.8Nb4 ribbons with x = 0, 7.2, 21.6, and 36 in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated in this work. The results show that the glass formability of the alloys can be increased as Cr content (cCr) is added up to 21.6 at.%. When cCr reaches 36 at.%, some nanocrystals appear in the as-spun ribbon. With increasing cCr content, the corrosion resistances of as-spun Fe-based ribbons are continually improved as well as their hardness properties; during the polarization test, their passive film shows an increase first and then a decrease, with the highest pitting potential as cCr = 7.2 at.%, which is confirmed by an XPS test. The dense passivation film, composed of Cr2O3 and [CrOx(OH)3-2x, nH2O], can reduce the number of corrosion pits on the sample surface due to chloride corrosion and possibly be deteriorated by the overdosed CrFeB phase. This work can help us to design and prepare the highly corrosion-resistant Fe-based alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Song
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (Z.S.); (Z.W.); (Q.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhaoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (Z.S.); (Z.W.); (Q.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (Z.S.); (Z.W.); (Q.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhigang Qi
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (Z.S.); (Z.W.); (Q.C.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Ki Buem Kim
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea;
| | - Weimin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; (Z.S.); (Z.W.); (Q.C.); (Z.Q.)
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Liu J, Ruan J, Yin J, Ou P, Yang H. Fabrication of multilevel porous structure networks on Nb-Ta-Ti alloy scaffolds and the effects of surface characteristics on behaviors of MC3T3-E1 cells. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 36327451 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9ffd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Porous Nb-25Ta-25Ti alloys (60% porosity and 100-600 μm pore size) for bone implant applications were manufactured combining impregnation and sintering methods. Surfaces with porous micro-nanostructured networks on Nb-Ta-Ti alloys were successfully modified by various surface pre-treatments (acid etching, alkali-heat treatment and annealing treatment). Surface characteristics and Ca-P layer deposition behaviors of the multilevel structured porous Nb-Ta-Ti alloys were investigated by conducting various tests, including x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray, atomic force microscopy and optical contact angle measurement. In particular, bulk Nb-Ta-Ti alloys were also used as mutual control. The results demonstrated that the porous alloy exhibited a unique multilevel porous structure with macro-networks and micro-pits after pre-treatments. The surface passive TiO2/Nb2O5/Ta2O5layers on Nb-Ta-Ti alloys were partially dissolved by the corrosive attack of hydroxyl ions during alkali heat treatment. In addition, subsequent annealing treatment increased the density of the gel layers formed during alkali heat treatment. After immersion in SBF for 14 d, a continuous relatively uniform apatite layer was formed on the multilevel structured surfaces. Moreover, the mechanism of surface mineralization can be construed as electrostatic interactions between substrates and ions. Furthermore,in vitrocell culture showed that Nb-Ta-Ti alloys had a good biocompatibility and the multilevel porous structure could enhance the cellular behaviors including: cell adhesion and spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinghua Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
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Biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca-Based Metallic Glasses. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062172. [PMID: 35329624 PMCID: PMC8955783 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca-based metallic glasses (MGs) present improved strength and superior corrosion resistance, compared to crystalline Mg. In particular, in vivo and in vitro attempts reveal that biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca-based MGs possess excellent biocompatibility, suggesting that they are ideal candidates for temporary implant materials. However, the limited size and severe brittleness prevent their widespread commercialization. In this review, we firstly summarize the microstructure characteristic and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Ca-based MGs. Then, we provide a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the recent progress of the biocorrosion and biocompatibility of Mg-Zn-Ca-based MGs. Last, but not least, the outlook towards the fabrication routes, composition design, structure design, and reinforcement approaches of Mg-Zn-Ca-based MGs are briefly proposed.
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Ibrahim MZ, Halilu A, Sarhan AA, Kuo T, Yusuf F, Shaikh M, Hamdi M. In-vitro viability of laser cladded Fe-based metallic glass as a promising bioactive material for improved osseointegration of orthopedic implants. Med Eng Phys 2022; 102:103782. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Esmaeili A, Ghaffari SA, Nikkhah M, Malek Ghaini F, Farzan F, Mohammadi S. Biocompatibility assessments of 316L stainless steel substrates coated by Fe-based bulk metallic glass through electro-spark deposition method. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 198:111469. [PMID: 33250419 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Metallic materials made of rather precious alloys are widely used in orthopedic surgery, circulatory system, and dentistry fields. Stainless steel coated by alloys with a variety of physiochemical properties can be an excellent candidate for making economical devices with superior biomedical compatibility. In this study, a Fe- based metallic glass alloy was applied on 316L stainless steel (316L SS) using the electro-spark deposition (ESD) method as an economic and easy handling method. The coated samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was found that a metallic glass coating was uniformly formed on the stainless steel substrate. Cytocompatibility (MTT assay), hemocompatibility, and cell attachment assays of the fabricated biomaterials were carried out using bone and connective tissue cell lines. The samples with optimized coating were shown to exert lower cytotoxicity, better cell attachment, and higher blood compatibility than the stainless steel substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Esmaeili
- Department of Computational Biology, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Ghaffari
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-163, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nikkhah
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Malek Ghaini
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Farzan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Mohammadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Zhang Y, Jiang W, Yuan S, Zhao Q, Liu Z, Yu W. Impacts of a Nano-Laponite Ceramic on Surface Performance, Apatite Mineralization, Cell Response, and Osseointegration of a Polyimide-Based Biocomposite. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9389-9405. [PMID: 33262594 PMCID: PMC7699455 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s273240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polyimide (PI) exhibits good biocompatibility and high mechanical strength, but biological inertness that does not stimulate bone regeneration, while laponite possesses excellent bioactivity. METHODS In this study, to improve the bioactivity of PI, nano-laponite ceramic (LC)-PI composites (LPCs) were fabricated by melt processing as implantable materials for bone repair. RESULTS The compressive strength, hydrophilicity, and surface roughness of LPCs with 40 w% LC content (LPC40s) were higher than LPC20s, and LPC20s higher than pure PI. In addition, no apatite mineralization occurred on PI, while apatite mineralized on LPCs in simulated body fluid. Compared with LPC20, more apatite deposited on LPC40, indicating good bioactivity. Moreover, the adhesion, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activity of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells on LPCs significantly increased with LC content increasing in vitro. Furthermore, the evaluations of animal experiments (micro-CT, histology, and pushout load) revealed that compared with LPC20 and PI, LPC40 significantly enhanced osteogenesis and osseointegration in vivo. DISCUSSION Incorporation of LC into PI obviously improved not only surface physicochemical properties but also biological properties of LPCs. LPC40 with high LC content displayed good biocompatibility and bioactivity, which markedly promoted osteogenesis and osseointegration. Therefore, with its superior biocompatibility and bioactivity, LPC40 could be an alternative candidate as an implant for orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peoples’ Hospital of Huolinguole City, Tongliao029200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Zhao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongling Liu
- Department of Hospital Infection Control, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Hand Surgery, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130033, People’s Republic of China
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Role of maze like structure and Y2O3 on Al-based amorphous ribbon surface in MO solution degradation. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Surface Morphologies and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Ca Amorphous Alloys under Chemistry-Mechanics Interactive Environments. METALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/met9030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mg-Zn-Ca amorphous alloys are considered as potential bone implants. A large number of works have focused on the alloys under free corrosion environment. However, the real service environment of bone implants is a kind of chemistry-mechanics interactive environment in which the materials not only suffer corrosion by body fluids but also bear applied force induced by body movement. In order to imitate the real service environment, surface morphologies and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Ca amorphous alloys were studied under different chemistry-mechanics interactive environments in this paper. It was found that cracks and Ca/Mg phosphates formed on the surface of amorphous alloys. The compressive strength of the alloys decreased seriously but could still reach an acceptable value to avoid material failure. Fan-shaped patterns found on all the samples implied that brittle fracture was the main fracture form. Moreover, vein-like patterns could still be found in some areas, showing a locally plastic deformation. This was the reason why the alloy could maintain a high compressive strength after severe and interactive treatments. The study could guide related works in the establishment of experimental environments in the future, which will facilitate a more accurate biomedical evaluation of bone implants.
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Mechanical Properties and Degradation Behavior of Mg(100−7x)Zn6xYx(x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) Alloys. METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/met8040261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yang K, Zhou C, Fan H, Fan Y, Jiang Q, Song P, Fan H, Chen Y, Zhang X. Bio-Functional Design, Application and Trends in Metallic Biomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:E24. [PMID: 29271916 PMCID: PMC5795975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction of metals as biomaterials has been known for a long time. In the early development, sufficient strength and suitable mechanical properties were the main considerations for metal implants. With the development of new generations of biomaterials, the concepts of bioactive and biodegradable materials were proposed. Biological function design is very import for metal implants in biomedical applications. Three crucial design criteria are summarized for developing metal implants: (1) mechanical properties that mimic the host tissues; (2) sufficient bioactivities to form bio-bonding between implants and surrounding tissues; and (3) a degradation rate that matches tissue regeneration and biodegradability. This article reviews the development of metal implants and their applications in biomedical engineering. Development trends and future perspectives of metallic biomaterials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Qing Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ping Song
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Hongyuan Fan
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Liu J, Ruan J, Chang L, Yang H, Ruan W. Porous Nb-Ti-Ta alloy scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Fabrication, mechanical properties and in vitro/vivo biocompatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:503-512. [PMID: 28576015 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Porous Nb-Ti-Ta (at.%) alloys with the pore size of 100-600μm and the porosity of 50%-80% were fabricated by the combination of the sponge impregnation technique and sintering method. The results revealed that the pores were well connected with three-dimensional (3D) network structure, which showed morphological similarity to the anisotropic porous structure of human bones. The results also showed that the alloys could provide the compressive Young's modulus of 0.11±0.01GPa to 2.08±0.09GPa and the strength of 17.45±2.76MPa to 121.67±1.76MPa at different level of porosity, indicating that the mechanical properties of the alloys are similar to those of human bones. Pore structure on the compressive properties was also discussed on the basis of the deformation mode. The relationship between compressive properties and porosity was well consistent with the Gibson-Ashby model. The mechanical properties could be tailored to match different requirements of the human bones. Moreover, the alloys had good biocompatibility due to the porous structure with higher surface, which were suitable for apatite formation and cell adhesion. In conclusion, the porous Nb-Ti-Ta alloy is potentially useful in the hard tissue implants for the appropriate mechanical properties as well as the good biocompatible properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jianming Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Lin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Hailin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Wei Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China.
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