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Khalil KD, Bashal AH, Habeeb T, Kebeish R, Abu-Dief AM. Multifunctional lanthanum oxide-doped carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposites: A promising approach for antimicrobial and targeted anticancer applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 283:137495. [PMID: 39528180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2024] [Revised: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum oxide (La₂O₃)-doped carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nanocomposites via a solution casting method, designed to offer an eco-friendly, multifunctional material with significant potential in biomedical applications. Structural analysis using FTIR, XRD, and EDX confirmed successful La₂O₃ integration, with FTIR spectra indicating a distinctive LaO stretching peak at 628.2 cm-1, XRD patterns revealing enhanced crystallinity with notable peaks at 16.6°, 27.6°, and 49.8°, and EDX showing a uniform lanthanum distribution with a 10.41 mass% concentration. These enhancements in structural stability and crystalline properties underscore the composite's functional robustness. Biological assessments revealed the composite's substantial antimicrobial efficacy, demonstrating inhibition zones up to 31 mm against pathogenic strains such as E. coli, S. aureus, E. faecalis, K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans at a 15 wt% La₂O₃ concentration-surpassing conventional antimicrobial agents. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests supported these findings, showing MIC values as low as 7.82 μg/mL, further validating the composite's heightened antimicrobial potency compared to pure CMC. In vitro cytotoxicity assays indicated selective anticancer effects of the La₂O₃/CMC nanocomposites, with IC₅₀ values of 327.7 μg/mL and 189.8 μg/mL against PC-3 prostate and A549 lung cancer cells, respectively. Remarkably, the composite showed minimal impact on normal lung fibroblasts (Wi-38), with an IC₅₀ value of 956.8 μg/mL, emphasizing its selectivity towards cancer cells. Collectively, these results highlight the La₂O₃/CMC composite as a biocompatible and multifunctional material suitable for both antimicrobial and targeted anticancer applications, aligning with the growing demand for safe, effective biomedical solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled D Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science in Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Ali H Bashal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science in Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Talaat Habeeb
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science in Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rashad Kebeish
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science in Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Abu-Dief
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Almunawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82534, Egypt.
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2
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Lin G, Ramdas S, Hadid H, Van Vleet J, Lue TF, Poulakidas S. Regulating Tissue Growth Factors for Healing With Etherified Carboxymethylcellulose Matrix. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:1566-1576. [PMID: 38953221 PMCID: PMC11565206 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Etherified Carboxymethylcellulose Matrix (eCMC) is a revolutionary application of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in wound care, known for its potential in hemostasis and tissue regeneration. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of eCMC in tissue healing by establishing a rat burn model and administering eCMC as a treatment. The objective is to analyze cytokines and inflammatory mediators using a Cytokine Array and histochemical staining to understand the effects of eCMC on tissue regeneration. A rat burn model was created, and eCMC was applied as a treatment. Tissue samples were collected at multiple time points to assess the expression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators using a Cytokine Array. In addition, histochemical staining was performed to evaluate tissue regeneration factors. eCMC induced the expression of endogenous cytokines, particularly vascular epithelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor, while inhibiting inflammatory cytokines such as CINC-1, CINC-2, and MMP-8. This dual action facilitated wound healing and mitigated the risk of infection. eCMC demonstrates promising potential for enhancing skin regeneration. Further research is warranted to delve into the precise mechanism of eCMC's cytokine regulation. In vitro and in vivo studies should be conducted to comprehensively investigate the therapeutic capabilities of eCMC in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Shandilya Ramdas
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | - Hosam Hadid
- Department of Surgery, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR 72916, USA
| | - Jared Van Vleet
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 2nd Lieutenant, US Air Force, OMS-3, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA
| | - Tom F Lue
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Stathis Poulakidas
- Burn/Wound Care Services, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, OSF/St. Anthony’s Medical Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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3
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Subramaniam D, Sekaran S. In Vitro Biocompatibility Assessment of a Novel Membrane Containing Magnesium-Chitosan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Alginate Intended for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Cureus 2024; 16:e54597. [PMID: 38523973 PMCID: PMC10959466 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an emerging interdisciplinary field that aims to develop new strategies and materials for repairing, regenerating, or replacing damaged bone tissues. This field combines engineering, biology, and medicine principles to create functional bone tissues in the laboratory and in vivo. The main goal of BTE is to create biological substitutes that mimic the structure, function, and properties of natural bone tissue, thereby promoting the regeneration of bone defects caused by trauma, disease, or aging. In this study, we developed a biocomposite membrane using magnesium-chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, and alginate through a simple cast drying method. The biocompatibility of the membrane was evaluated using human osteoblastic cells, and it was found to be nontoxic to these cells. Both metabolic activity measurements (24 and 48 hours) and the lactate dehydrogenase release assay (72 hours) indicated that the membrane was biocompatible and did not exert significant toxic effects. These results suggest that the developed biocomposite membrane has the potential to be used as a safe and effective biomaterial for various biomedical applications, such as BTE, wound healing, and drug delivery. Further studies are warranted to explore the full potential of this membrane and its performance in different biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Subramaniam
- General Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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4
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Jafri NF, Mohd Salleh K, Ahmad Ghazali N, Nyak Mazlan NS, Ab Halim NH, Zakaria S. Effects of carboxymethyl cellulose fiber formations with chitosan incorporation via coating and mixing processes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126971. [PMID: 37729993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
To date, the utilization of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) fibers are only restricted to weak mechanical application such as wound dressing. Physically, CMC has a weak mechanical strength due to the high hydrophilicity trait. However, this flaw was saved by the extensive number of reactive functional groups, allowing this macromolecule to form linkages with chitosan to ensure its versatility. This work successfully fabricated CMC-chitosan fiber via dissolution, crosslinking, dry-jet wet-spinning extrusion, and coagulation processes. Chitosan was constituted with CMC fiber in two approaches, coating, and inclusion at various concentrations. Morphologically, chitosan incorporation has triggered agglomerations and roughness toward CMC fibers (CMCF). Chemically, the interaction between CMC and chitosan was proved through FTIR analysis at peaks 1245 cm-1 (ECH covalent crosslinking), while 3340 cm-1 and 1586 cm-1 were due to ionic and hydrogen bonding. The result from analysis showed that at higher chitosan concentrations, the chitosan-included CMC fiber (CMCF-I) and chitosan-coated CMC fiber (CMFC) were mechanically enhanced (up to 86.77 and 82.72 MPa), thermally more stable (33 % residual mass), and less hydrophilic compared to the plain CMCF. The properties of CMC-chitosan fibers have opened up vast possible applications, especially as a reinforcement in a watery medium such as a hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Fathihah Jafri
- Bioresource and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kushairi Mohd Salleh
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Nursyamimi Ahmad Ghazali
- Bioresource and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nyak Syazwani Nyak Mazlan
- Bioresource and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Husna Ab Halim
- Bioresource and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sarani Zakaria
- Bioresource and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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5
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Janmohammadi M, Nazemi Z, Salehi AOM, Seyfoori A, John JV, Nourbakhsh MS, Akbari M. Cellulose-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and localized drug delivery. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:137-163. [PMID: 35663339 PMCID: PMC9142858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bone constitutes a complex and organized structure of organic and inorganic components with limited ability to regenerate and restore injured tissues, especially in large bone defects. To improve the reconstruction of the damaged bones, tissue engineering has been introduced as a promising alternative approach to the conventional therapeutic methods including surgical interventions using allograft and autograft implants. Bioengineered composite scaffolds consisting of multifunctional biomaterials in combination with the cells and bioactive therapeutic agents have great promise for bone repair and regeneration. Cellulose and its derivatives are renewable and biodegradable natural polymers that have shown promising potential in bone tissue engineering applications. Cellulose-based scaffolds possess numerous advantages attributed to their excellent properties of non-toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, availability through renewable resources, and the low cost of preparation and processing. Furthermore, cellulose and its derivatives have been extensively used for delivering growth factors and antibiotics directly to the site of the impaired bone tissue to promote tissue repair. This review focuses on the various classifications of cellulose-based composite scaffolds utilized in localized bone drug delivery systems and bone regeneration, including cellulose-organic composites, cellulose-inorganic composites, cellulose-organic/inorganic composites. We will also highlight the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of the different cellulose-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Janmohammadi
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, P.O.Box: 19111-35131, Iran
| | - Zahra Nazemi
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, P.O.Box: 19111-35131, Iran
| | | | - Amir Seyfoori
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Johnson V. John
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovations, Los Angeles, CA, 90050, USA
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Nourbakhsh
- Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, P.O.Box: 19111-35131, Iran
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovations, Los Angeles, CA, 90050, USA
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
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6
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Zhu H, Roode LW, Parry AJ, Erkamp NA, Rodriguez-Garcia M, Narita M, Shen Y, Ou Y, Toprakcioglu Z, Narita M, Knowles TP. Core–Shell Spheroid‐Laden Microgels Crosslinked under Biocompatible Conditions for Probing Cancer‐Stromal Communication. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjia Zhu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Lianne W.Y. Roode
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Aled J. Parry
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute University of Cambridge Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way Cambridge CB2 0RE UK
| | - Nadia A. Erkamp
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Marc Rodriguez-Garcia
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Masako Narita
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute University of Cambridge Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way Cambridge CB2 0RE UK
| | - Yi Shen
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Yangteng Ou
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Zenon Toprakcioglu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Masashi Narita
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute University of Cambridge Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way Cambridge CB2 0RE UK
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama, Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Tuomas P.J. Knowles
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Department of Physics University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
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7
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Lin L, Jiang S, Yang J, Qiu J, Jiao X, Yue X, Ke X, Yang G, Zhang L. Application of 3D-bioprinted nanocellulose and cellulose derivative-based bio-inks in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Int J Bioprint 2022; 9:637. [PMID: 36844245 PMCID: PMC9947488 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v9i1.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
212Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a modern, computer-aided, design-based technology that allows the layer-by-layer deposition of 3D structures. Bioprinting, a 3D printing technology, has attracted increasing attention because of its capacity to produce scaffolds for living cells with extreme precision. Along with the rapid development of 3D bioprinting technology, the innovation of bio-inks, which is recognized as the most challenging aspect of this technology, has demonstrated tremendous promise for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Cellulose is the most abundant polymer in nature. Various forms of cellulose, nanocellulose, and cellulose derivatives, including cellulose ethers and cellulose esters, are common bioprintable materials used to develop bio-inks in recent years, owing to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, low cost, and printability. Although various cellulose-based bio-inks have been investigated, the potential applications of nanocellulose and cellulose derivative-based bio-inks have not been fully explored. This review focuses on the physicochemical properties of nanocellulose and cellulose derivatives as well as the recent advances in bio-ink design for 3D bioprinting of bone and cartilage. In addition, the current advantages and disadvantages of these bio-inks and their prospects in 3D printing-based tissue engineering are comprehensively discussed. We hope to offer helpful information for the logical design of innovative cellulose-based materials for use in this sector in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Songli Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Adult Reconstruction, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Jiandi Qiu
- Department of Adult Reconstruction, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Xiaoyi Jiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xusong Yue
- Department of Adult Reconstruction, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Xiurong Ke
- Department of Adult Reconstruction, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Guojing Yang
- Department of Adult Reconstruction, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,Department of Adult Reconstruction, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China, Corresponding author: Lei Zhang ()
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8
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Xu M, Liu T, Qin M, Cheng Y, Lan W, Niu X, Wei Y, Hu Y, Lian X, Zhao L, Chen S, Chen W, Huang D. Bone-like hydroxyapatite anchored on alginate microspheres for bone regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 287:119330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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9
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Pourkhatoun M, Kalantari M, Kamyabi A, Moradi A. Preparation and Characterization of
pH‐Sensitive
Carboxymethyl
Cellulose‐Based
Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery. POLYM INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Pourkhatoun
- Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman P.O. Box 7616913439 Kerman Iran
| | - Maryam Kalantari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman P.O. Box 7616913439 Kerman Iran
| | - Ata Kamyabi
- Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman P.O. Box 7616913439 Kerman Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman P.O. Box 7616913439 Kerman Iran
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10
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Potential of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Maxillofacial and Periodontal Regeneration: A Narrative Review. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4759492. [PMID: 34795761 PMCID: PMC8594991 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are one of the most widely studied postnatal stem cell populations and are considered to utilize more frequently in cell-based therapy and cancer. These types of stem cells can undergo multilineage differentiation including blood cells, cardiac cells, and osteogenic cells differentiation, thus providing an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering and personalized medicine. Despite the ability to reprogram human adult somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in culture which provided a great opportunity and opened the new door for establishing the in vitro disease modeling and generating an unlimited source for cell base therapy, using MSCs for regeneration purposes still have a great chance to cure diseases. In this review, we discuss the important issues in MSCs biology including the origin and functions of MSCs and their application for craniofacial and periodontal tissue regeneration, discuss the potential and clinical applications of this type of stem cells in differentiation to maxillofacial bone and cartilage in vitro, and address important future hopes and challenges in this field.
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11
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Carvalho JPF, Silva ACQ, Silvestre AJD, Freire CSR, Vilela C. Spherical Cellulose Micro and Nanoparticles: A Review of Recent Developments and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2744. [PMID: 34685185 PMCID: PMC8537411 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose, the most abundant natural polymer, is a versatile polysaccharide that is being exploited to manufacture innovative blends, composites, and hybrid materials in the form of membranes, films, coatings, hydrogels, and foams, as well as particles at the micro and nano scales. The application fields of cellulose micro and nanoparticles run the gamut from medicine, biology, and environment to electronics and energy. In fact, the number of studies dealing with sphere-shaped micro and nanoparticles based exclusively on cellulose (or its derivatives) or cellulose in combination with other molecules and macromolecules has been steadily increasing in the last five years. Hence, there is a clear need for an up-to-date narrative that gathers the latest advances on this research topic. So, the aim of this review is to portray some of the most recent and relevant developments on the use of cellulose to produce spherical micro- and nano-sized particles. An attempt was made to illustrate the present state of affairs in terms of the go-to strategies (e.g., emulsification processes, nanoprecipitation, microfluidics, and other assembly approaches) for the generation of sphere-shaped particles of cellulose and derivatives thereof. A concise description of the application fields of these cellulose-based spherical micro and nanoparticles is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carla Vilela
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.P.F.C.); (A.C.Q.S.); (A.J.D.S.); (C.S.R.F.)
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12
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Yang Y, Lu Y, Zeng K, Heinze T, Groth T, Zhang K. Recent Progress on Cellulose-Based Ionic Compounds for Biomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000717. [PMID: 32270900 PMCID: PMC11469321 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans play important roles in all major kingdoms of organisms, such as archea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. Cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on the Earth, plays a predominant role for mechanical stability in plants, and finds a plethora of applications by humans. Beyond traditional use, biomedical application of cellulose becomes feasible with advances of soluble cellulose derivatives with diverse functional moieties along the backbone and modified nanocellulose with versatile functional groups on the surface due to the native features of cellulose as both cellulose chains and supramolecular ordered domains as extractable nanocellulose. With the focus on ionic cellulose-based compounds involving both these groups primarily for biomedical applications, a brief introduction about glycoscience and especially native biologically active glycosaminoglycans with specific biomedical application areas on humans is given, which inspires further development of bioactive compounds from glycans. Then, both polymeric cellulose derivatives and nanocellulose-based compounds synthesized as versatile biomaterials for a large variety of biomedical applications, such as for wound dressings, controlled release, encapsulation of cells and enzymes, and tissue engineering, are separately described, regarding the diverse routes of synthesis and the established and suggested applications for these highly interesting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Wood Technology and Wood ChemistryUniversity of GoettingenBüsgenweg 4Göttingen37077Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyWushan Road 381Guangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Tung Lu
- Department Biomedical MaterialsInstitute of PharmacyMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHeinrich‐Damerow‐Strasse 4Halle (Saale)06120Germany
| | - Kui Zeng
- Wood Technology and Wood ChemistryUniversity of GoettingenBüsgenweg 4Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University of JenaCentre of Excellence for Polysaccharide ResearchHumboldt Straße 10JenaD‐07743Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical MaterialsInstitute of PharmacyMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHeinrich‐Damerow‐Strasse 4Halle (Saale)06120Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials ScienceMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)06120Germany
- Laboratory of Biomedical NanotechnologiesInstitute of Bionic Technologies and EngineeringI. M. Sechenov First Moscow State UniversityTrubetskaya Street 8119991MoscowRussian Federation
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood ChemistryUniversity of GoettingenBüsgenweg 4Göttingen37077Germany
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13
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Velasco-Mallorquí F, Rodríguez-Comas J, Ramón-Azcón J. Cellulose-based scaffolds enhance pseudoislets formation and functionality. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34075893 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac00c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In vitroresearch for the study of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is frequently limited by the availability of a functional model for islets of Langerhans. To overcome the limitations of obtaining pancreatic islets from different sources, such as animal models or human donors, immortalized cell lines as the insulin-producing INS1Eβ-cells have appeared as a valid alternative to model insulin-related diseases. However, immortalized cell lines are mainly used in flat surfaces or monolayer distributions, not resembling the spheroid-like architecture of the pancreatic islets. To generate islet-like structures, the use of scaffolds appeared as a valid tool to promote cell aggregations. Traditionally-used hydrogel encapsulation methods do not accomplish all the requisites for pancreatic tissue engineering, as its poor nutrient and oxygen diffusion induces cell death. Here, we use cryogelation technology to develop a more resemblance scaffold with the mechanical and physical properties needed to engineer pancreatic tissue. This study shows that carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) cryogels prompted cells to generateβ-cell clusters in comparison to gelatin-based scaffolds, that did not induce this cell organization. Moreover, the high porosity achieved with CMC cryogels allowed us to create specific range pseudoislets. Pseudoislets formed within CMC-scaffolds showed cell viability for up to 7 d and a better response to glucose over conventional monolayer cultures. Overall, our results demonstrate that CMC-scaffolds can be used to control the organization and function of insulin-producingβ-cells, representing a suitable technique to generateβ-cell clusters to study pancreatic islet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Velasco-Mallorquí
- Biosensors for Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri I Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Júlia Rodríguez-Comas
- Biosensors for Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri I Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Javier Ramón-Azcón
- Biosensors for Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri I Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Bifunctional hydrogel for potential vascularized bone tissue regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112075. [PMID: 33947567 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the synthetic polymer-based hydrogels lack the intrinsic properties needed for tissue engineering applications. Here, we describe a biomimetic approach to induce the mineralization and vascularization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel to template the osteogenic activities. The strategy involves the covalent functionalization of oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate] (OPF) with phosphate groups and subsequent treatment of phosphorylated-OPF (Pi-OPF) hydrogels with alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) and calcium. Unlike previously reported studies for ALP induced mineralization, in this study, the base polymer itself was modified with the phosphate groups for uniform mineralization of hydrogels. In addition to improvement of mechanical properties, enhancement of MC3T3-E1 cell attachment and proliferation, and promotion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) differentiation were observed as the intrinsic benefits of such mineralization. Current bone tissue engineering (BTE) research endeavors are also extensively focused on vascular tissue regeneration due to its inherent advantages in bone regeneration. Taking this into account, we further functionalized the mineralized hydrogels with FG-4592, small hypoxia mimicking molecule. The functionalized hydrogels elicited upregulated in vitro angiogenic activities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In addition, when implanted subcutaneously in rats, enhanced early vascularization activities around the implantation site were observed as demonstrated by the immunohistochemistry results. This further leveraged the formation of calcified tissues at the implantation site at later time points evident through X-ray imaging. The overall results here show the perspectives of bifunctional OPF hydrogels for vascularized BTE.
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15
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Zennifer A, Senthilvelan P, Sethuraman S, Sundaramurthi D. Key advances of carboxymethyl cellulose in tissue engineering & 3D bioprinting applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117561. [PMID: 33483063 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a water-soluble derivative of cellulose and a major type of cellulose ether prepared by the chemical attack of alkylating reagents on the activated non-crystalline regions of cellulose. It is the first FDA approved cellulose derivative which can be targeted for desired chemical modifications. In this review, the properties along with current advances in the physical and chemical modifications of CMC are discussed. Further, CMC and modified CMC could be engineered to fabricate scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. In recent times, CMC and its derivatives have been developed as smart bioinks for 3D bioprinting applications. From these perspectives, the applications of CMC in tissue engineering and current knowledge on peculiar features of CMC in 3D and 4D bioprinting applications are elaborated in detail. Lastly, future perspectives of CMC for wider applications in tissue engineering and 3D/4D bioprinting are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Zennifer
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Praseetha Senthilvelan
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India.
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16
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Palem RR, Rao KM, Shimoga G, Saratale RG, Shinde SK, Ghodake GS, Lee SH. Physicochemical characterization, drug release, and biocompatibility evaluation of carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogels reinforced with sepiolite nanoclay. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 178:464-476. [PMID: 33662416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-clay nanocomposite hydrogel films (PCNCHFs) were prepared from caboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, agar and nanosepiolite clay (0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.5% reinforcement) by treating thermally in a simple, rapid, and inexpensive route. The PCNCHFs and its 5-fluorouracil (FU)-loaded composites (PCNCHFs@FU) were tested for FU release and characterized by FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, DSC, and TGA analyses to investigate their structural, morphological, and thermal properties. The nanosepiolite-loaded polymer composites (PCNCHF1 to PCNCHF5) exhibited higher tensile strength than the pristine polymer hydrogel (PCNCHF0); consequently, the thermal properties (glass- and melting-transition) were improved. The PCNCHFs@FU demonstrated prolonged FU release at pH 7.4 for 32 h. The biocompatibility of PCNCHFs was tested against human skin fibroblast (CCDK) cells. The viability of cells exposed to all PCNCHFs was >95% after 72 h of culture. The live/dead assay show the proliferation of fibroblast cells, confirming the biocompatibility of the hydrogels. The pH-sensitive PCNCHFs@FU release could be suitable for drug release in cancer therapy, and the developed PCNCHFs may also be useful for tissue engineering, food packaging, and other biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasubba Reddy Palem
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biomedical Campus 32, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kummara Madhusudana Rao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganesh Shimoga
- Advanced Technology Research Center, Future Convergence Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 330-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Rijuta G Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Seoul 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Surendra K Shinde
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido, Seoul 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Gajanan S Ghodake
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido, Seoul 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biomedical Campus 32, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Shi W, Ching YC, Chuah CH. Preparation of aerogel beads and microspheres based on chitosan and cellulose for drug delivery: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 170:751-767. [PMID: 33412201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Spherical aerogels are not easily broken during use and are easier to transport and store which can be used as templates for drug delivery. This review summarizes the possible approaches for the preparation of aerogel beads and microspheres based on chitosan and cellulose, an overview to the methods of manufacturing droplets is presented, afterwards, the transition mechanisms from sol to a spherical gel are reviewed in detail followed by different drying processes to obtain spherical aerogels with porous structures. Additionally, a specific focus is given to aerogel beads and microspheres to be regarded as drug delivery carriers. Furthermore, a core/shell architecture of aerogel beads and microspheres for controlled drug release is described and subjected to inspire readers to create novel drug release system. Finally, the conclusions and outlooks of aerogel beads and microspheres for drug delivery are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yern Chee Ching
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Cheng Hock Chuah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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18
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Tsirigotis-Maniecka M, Szyk-Warszyńska L, Lamch Ł, Weżgowiec J, Warszyński P, Wilk KA. Benefits of pH-responsive polyelectrolyte coatings for carboxymethyl cellulose-based microparticles in the controlled release of esculin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111397. [PMID: 33255002 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Moderate and prolonged payload release in response to a particular factor is highly demanded for efficient carriers of low-molecular-weight, chemically unstable phytopharmaceuticals. Thus, the objective of our contribution was to establish the effect of pH-responsive polyelectrolyte coatings on the release properties of carboxymethyl cellulose-based microparticles designed to deliver phytopharmaceuticals through the gastrointestinal tract. Microparticles were fabricated via extrusion coupled with external gelation and further coated with polyelectrolytes (PEs) (chitosan, gelatin, or PAH and PSS) involving electrostatic interactions. Successful deposition of PEs was confirmed by FTIR, and their thickness and viscosity were characterized in terms of QCM-D and ellipsometric techniques. The encapsulation efficiency of esculin, used as a model phytopharmaceutical, as proven by UV-Vis studies, was over 57%. SEM and fluorescence microscopy revealed a micrometric size, a mostly spherical shape and an altered topography of the investigated microcapsules. The physical stability of the microcapsules in media of various pH values was confirmed with CLSM and gravimetric studies. Studies on human gingival fibroblasts in vitro revealed that the obtained microparticles did not induce any cytotoxic effects. Payload release was monitored in situ by means of CLSM and ex situ under gastrointestinal conditions in vitro. Mathematical evaluation of the microparticle release profiles using classical models led to the establishment of a new hybrid model that revealed the mechanism behind esculin release. We demonstrated that the application of a polyelectrolyte shell onto CMC-based microspheres may provide controlled delivery of the payload, with its release triggered by the pH and ionic strength of the medium. These observations suggest that the release manner of small-molecule glycosides under gastrointestinal conditions can be tailored by careful selection of suitable materials to obtain biocompatible and functional hydrogel microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tsirigotis-Maniecka
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Lilianna Szyk-Warszyńska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Łukasz Lamch
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Weżgowiec
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Warszyński
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kazimiera A Wilk
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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19
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Recent Advances in Porous 3D Cellulose Aerogels for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4040152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Current approaches in developing porous 3D scaffolds face various challenges, such as failure of mimicking extracellular matrix (ECM) native building blocks, non-sustainable scaffold fabrication techniques, and lack of functionality. Polysaccharides and proteins are sustainable, inexpensive, biodegradable, and biocompatible, with structural similarities to the ECM. As a result, 3D-structured cellulose (e.g., cellulose nanofibrils, nanocrystals and bacterial nanocellulose)-based aerogels with high porosity and interconnected pores are ideal materials for biomedical applications. Such 3D scaffolds can be prepared using a green, scalable, and cost-effective freeze-drying technique. The physicochemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics of the cellulose can be improved by incorporation of proteins and other polysaccharides. This review will focus on recent developments related to the cellulose-based 3D aerogels prepared by sustainable freeze-drying methods for tissue engineering applications. We will also provide an overview of the scaffold development criteria; parameters that influenced the aerogel production by freeze-drying; and in vitro and in vivo studies of the cellulose-based porous 3D aerogel scaffolds. These efforts could potentially help to expand the role of cellulose-based 3D scaffolds as next-generation biomaterials.
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20
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Nehra P, Chauhan RP. Eco-friendly nanocellulose and its biomedical applications: current status and future prospect. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 32:112-149. [PMID: 32892717 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1817706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is the earth's leading natural polymer. It is known for its properties like biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, cost-effectiveness and lightweight. Nanocellulose displays better properties as compared to the native cellulose fibre. The nanocellulose is very remunerative in the arenas of routine application especially in health care, food industry, sanitary products and many more. In the biomedical area, cellulose-based products are utilized in applications like wound healing, dental applications, drug delivery, antimicrobial material, etc. Nanocellulose biomaterials have been commercialised, representing the material of new generation. With the objective to comprehend the contribution of nanocellulose in the current status and future development in biomedical utilisations, the review is focused on cellulose, nanocellulose, types and sources of nanocellulose, its preparation, characteristics, constraints related to its composites through the analysis of certain scientific reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Nehra
- School of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India
| | - R P Chauhan
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India
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21
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Zheng S, Chen H, Zhang T, Yao Y, Chen Y, Zhang S, Bai B. Gene-modified BMSCs encapsulated with carboxymethyl cellulose facilitate osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:814-822. [PMID: 32777971 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220948030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Critical size bone defects are one of the most serious complications in orthopedics due to the lack of effective osteogenesis treatment. We fabricated carboxymethyl cellulose with phenol moieties (CMC-ph) microcapsules loaded with gene-modified rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) that secrete hBMP2 following doxycycline (DOX) induction. The results showed that the morphology of microcapsules was spherical, and their diameters have equally distributed in the range of 100-150 μm; the viability of rBMSCs was unchanged over time. Through real-time PCR and Western blot analyses, the rBMSCs in microcapsules were found to secrete hBMP2 and to have upregulated mRNA and protein expression of osteogenesis-related genes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the in vivo results suggested that the group with the middle concentration of cells expressed the highest amount of osteogenic protein over time. In this study, we showed that gene-modified rBMSCs in CMC-ph microcapsules had good morphology and viability. The BMP2-BMSCs/CMC-Ph microcapsule system could upregulate osteogenic mRNA and protein in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis demonstrated that the medium concentration of cells had a suitable density for transplantation in nude mice. Therefore, BMP2-BMSCs/CMC-Ph microcapsule constructs have potential for bone regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanzheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingshuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchang Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of 26468Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Park H, Baek S, Kang H, Lee D. Biomaterials to Prevent Post-Operative Adhesion. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3056. [PMID: 32650529 PMCID: PMC7412384 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Surgery is performed to treat various diseases. During the process, the surgical site is healed through self-healing after surgery. Post-operative or tissue adhesion caused by unnecessary contact with the surgical site occurs during the normal healing process. In addition, it has been frequently found in patients who have undergone surgery, and severe adhesion can cause chronic pain and various complications. Therefore, anti-adhesion barriers have been developed using multiple biomaterials to prevent post-operative adhesion. Typically, anti-adhesion barriers are manufactured and sold in numerous forms, such as gels, solutions, and films, but there are no products that can completely prevent post-operative adhesion. These products are generally applied over the surgical site to physically block adhesion to other sites (organs). Many studies have recently been conducted to increase the anti-adhesion effects through various strategies. This article reviews recent research trends in anti-adhesion barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heekyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Seungho Baek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.P.); (S.B.)
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23
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Bharadwaz A, Jayasuriya AC. Recent trends in the application of widely used natural and synthetic polymer nanocomposites in bone tissue regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110698. [PMID: 32204012 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of a biomaterial is to support the bone tissue regeneration process at the defect site and eventually degrade in situ and get replaced with the newly generated bone tissue. Nanocomposite biomaterials are a relatively new class of materials that incorporate a biopolymeric and biodegradable matrix structure with bioactive and easily resorbable fillers which are nano-sized. This article is a review of a few polymeric nanocomposite biomaterials which are potential candidates for bone tissue regeneration. These nanocomposites have been broadly classified into two groups viz. natural and synthetic polymer based. Natural polymer-based nanocomposites include materials fabricated through reinforcement of nanoparticles and/or nanofibers in a natural polymer matrix. Several widely used natural biopolymers, such as chitosan (CS), collagen (Col), cellulose, silk fibroin (SF), alginate, and fucoidan, have been reviewed regarding their present investigation on the incorporation of nanomaterial, biocompatibility, and tissue regeneration. Synthetic polymer-based nanocomposites that have been covered in this review include polycaprolactone (PCL), poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly (lactic acid) (PLA), and polyurethane (PU) based nanocomposites. An array of nanofillers, such as nano hydroxyapatite (nHA), nano zirconia (nZr), nano silica (nSi), silver nano particles (AgNPs), nano titanium dioxide (nTiO2), graphene oxide (GO), that is used widely across the bone tissue regeneration research platform are included in this review with respect to their incorporation into a natural and/or synthetic polymer matrix. The influence of nanofillers on cell viability, both in vitro and in vivo, along with cytocompatibility and new tissue generation has been encompassed in this review. Moreover, nanocomposite material characterization using some commonly used analytical techniques, such as electron microscopy, spectroscopy, diffraction patterns etc., has been highlighted in this review. Biomaterial physical properties, such as pore size, porosity, particle size, and mechanical strength which strongly influences cell attachment, proliferation, and subsequent tissue growth has been covered in this review. This review has been sculptured around a case by case basis of current research that is being undertaken in the field of bone regeneration engineering. The nanofillers induced into the polymeric matrix render important properties, such as large surface area, improved mechanical strength as well as stability, improved cell adhesion, proliferation, and cell differentiation. The selection of nanocomposites is thus crucial in the analysis of viable treatment strategies for bone tissue regeneration for specific bone defects such as craniofacial defects. The effects of growth factor incorporation on the nanocomposite for controlling new bone generation are also important during the biomaterial design phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angshuman Bharadwaz
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
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24
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Cold atmospheric plasma surface nanoengineered carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels as oral ibuprofen carriers. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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25
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Ramezani Kalmer R, Mohammadi M, Karimi A, Najafpour G, Haghighatnia Y. Fabrication and evaluation of carboxymethylated diethylaminoethyl cellulose microcarriers as support for cellular applications. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 226:115284. [PMID: 31582083 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose based microcarriers can be used in biomedical science as supports for cell adhesion and proliferation. However, to facilitate cell attachment to their surface, they require appropriate functional surface charge. Cell function such as adhesion and growth is increased on the modified surfaces with cationic and anionic groups. In this research, diethylaminoethyl cellulose was carboxymethylated to produce soluble multifunctional cellulose with simultaneous presence of cationic and anionic functional groups. Then, carboxymethylated diethylaminoethyl cellulose (CM-DEAEC) were produced by ionic crosslinking. Various instrumental techniques were applied to characterize the microcarriers. Biological tests were also performed to determine cell seeding efficiency, proliferation and attachment on microcarriers. Fabricated CM-DEAEC microcarriers had 1500-1800 μm diameter, +26.0 surface potential, 376% swelling behavior and 233 °C glass transition temperature respectively. The findings showed that CM-DEAEC microcarriers support cellular attachment and proliferation very well and hence are promising materials for cell therapy and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Ramezani Kalmer
- Chemical Engineering Department, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Maedeh Mohammadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Afzal Karimi
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ghasem Najafpour
- Chemical Engineering Department, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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Investigation on the Preparation and Properties of CMC/magadiite Nacre-Like Nanocomposite Films. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091378. [PMID: 31443463 PMCID: PMC6780612 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The layered hydrated sodium salt-magadiite (MAG), which has special interpenetrating petals structure, was used as a functional filler to slowly self-assemble with sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC), in order to prepare nacre-like nanocomposite film by solvent evaporation method. The structure of prepared nacre-like nanocomposite film was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis; whereas, it was indicated that CMC macromolecules were inserted between the layers of MAG to increase the layer spacing of MAG by forming an interpenetrating petals structure; in the meantime, the addition of MAG improved the thermal stability of CMC. The tensile strength of CMC/MAG was significantly improved compared with pure CMC. The tensile strength of CMC/MAG reached the maximum value at 1.71 MPa when the MAG content was 20%, to maintaining high transparency. Due to the high content of inorganic filler, the flame retarding performance and the thermal stability were also brilliant; hence, the great biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties of the bionic nanocomposite films with the unique interpenetrating petals structure provided a great probability for these original composites to be widely applied in material research, such as tissue engineering in biomedical research.
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Friend DFL, Leyva González ME, Caraballo MM, de Queiroz AAA. Biological properties of electrospun cellulose scaffolds from biomass. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1399-1414. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1636351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mirta Mir Caraballo
- Institute of Exact Sciences, ICEX - Federal University of Alfenas (Unifal-MG), Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Antonio Alencar de Queiroz
- High Voltage Laboratory Prof. Manuel Luís Barreira Martinez (LAT-EFEI)/Institute of Electrical Systems and Energy (ISEE), Federal University of Itajubá-UNIFEI, Itajubá-MG, Brazil
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Fabrication of microcomposites based on silk sericin and monetite for bone tissue engineering. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Matinfar M, Mesgar AS, Mohammadi Z. Evaluation of physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties of chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose reinforced with multiphasic calcium phosphate whisker-like fibers for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:341-353. [PMID: 30948070 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study porous scaffolds of chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) reinforced with whisker-like biphasic and triphasic calcium phosphate fibers were fabricated by freeze drying method. The effect of addition of CMC, fiber type and content on the mechanical, physicochemical and biological properties of the composite scaffolds was evaluated. The fibers were synthesized by homogenous precipitation method and were characterized. Biphasic fibers contained two phases of hydroxyapatite (HA) and monetite, and triphasic fibers consisted of HA, β-tricalcium phosphate and calcium pyrophosphate and were 20-270 μm and 20-145 μm in length, respectively. The composite scaffolds exhibited desirable microstructures with high porosity (61-75%) and interconnected pores in range of 35-200 μm. Addition of CMC to CS led to a significant improvement in the mechanical properties (up to 150%) but did not affect the water uptake ability and biocompatibility. Both fibers improved the in vitro proliferation, attachment and mineralization of MG63 cells on scaffolds as evidenced by MTT assay, DAPI staining, SEM and Alizarin red staining. Triphasic fibers were more effective in reinforcing the scaffolds and resulted in higher cell viability. Composite scaffolds of CS and CMC reinforced with 50 wt% triphasic fibers were superior in terms of mechanical and biological properties and showed compressive strength and modulus of 150 kPa and 3.08 MPa, respectively, which is up to 300% greater than pure CS scaffolds. The findings indicate that the developed composite scaffolds are potential candidates for bone tissue engineering although they need further enhancement in mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Matinfar
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza S Mesgar
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran
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Ghorbani S, Eyni H, Bazaz SR, Nazari H, Asl LS, Zaferani H, Kiani V, Mehrizi AA, Soleimani M. Hydrogels Based on Cellulose and its Derivatives: Applications, Synthesis, and Characteristics. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x18060044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Novel polysaccharide hybrid scaffold loaded with hydroxyapatite: Fabrication, bioactivity, and in vivo study. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Gaihre B, Jayasuriya AC. Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 91:330-339. [PMID: 30033262 PMCID: PMC6061966 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. The porous composite scaffolds were developed using the freeze-drying technique. The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo 43614, OH, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo 43614, OH, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo 43614, OH, USA.
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Unagolla JM, Alahmadi TE, Jayasuriya AC. Chitosan microparticles based polyelectrolyte complex scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in vitro and effect of calcium phosphate. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 199:426-436. [PMID: 30143148 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan microparticles were mixed with chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose solution to achieve a good binding between the microparticles. Three different compositions of scaffolds were made by varying the calcium phosphate (CaP) amount: 0%, 10%, and 20%. Potassium chloride was used as salt, to make pores inside the scaffolds after leaching out when immersed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Compressive strength and compressive modulus of both non-porous (before leaching out), and porous (after leaching out) scaffolds were measured according to the ASTM standards. The highest compressive strength of 27 MPa was reported on 10% CaP scaffolds while 20% CaP scaffolds showed the lowest. The increasing CaP content reduces the compressive strength of the scaffolds. The highest wet state compressive strength was reported on 0% CaP scaffolds with 0.36 MPs and 0.40 MPa at day 1 and day 3 respectively. In vitro cell culture studies showed good cell adhesion and cell proliferation on 10% CaP scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janitha M Unagolla
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA
| | - Turki E Alahmadi
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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Doxorubicin loaded carboxymethyl cellulose/graphene quantum dot nanocomposite hydrogel films as a potential anticancer drug delivery system. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 87:50-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Gaihre B, Uswatta S, Jayasuriya AC. Nano-scale characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite incorporated chitosan particles for bone repair. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 165:158-164. [PMID: 29477936 PMCID: PMC5987766 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, injectable porous spherical particles were fabricated using chitosan (CS) biopolymer, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA). TPP was primarily used as an ionic crosslinker to crosslink 2% (w/v) CS droplets. 2% (w/v) nHA was used to prepare nHA incorporated particles. The surface morphological properties and nanomechanical properties such as topography, deformation, adhesion, and dissipation of CS particles with and without nHA were studied using contact mode and peakforce quantitative nanomechanical property mapping mode in atomic force microscopy. The nHA spots have higher density than CS which leads to higher forces acting on the probe tip and higher energy dissipation to lift the tip from nHA areas. The cumulative release data showed that about 87% of total BMP-2 encapsulated within the particles was released by third week of experiment period. Degradation study was conducted to understand how the particles degradation occurs in the presence of phosphate buffered saline with continues shaking in an incubator at 37° C. In addition, BMP-2 release from the 2% nHA/CS particles was studied over a three weeks period and found that BMP-2 release was governed by the simple diffusion rather than the degradation of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Suren Uswatta
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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Chakraborty S, Ponrasu T, Chandel S, Dixit M, Muthuvijayan V. Reduced graphene oxide-loaded nanocomposite scaffolds for enhancing angiogenesis in tissue engineering applications. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:172017. [PMID: 29892387 PMCID: PMC5990794 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.172017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering combines cells, scaffolds and signalling molecules to synthesize tissues in vitro. However, the lack of a functioning vascular network severely limits the effective size of a tissue-engineered construct. In this work, we have assessed the potential of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), a non-protein pro-angiogenic moiety, for enhancing angiogenesis in tissue engineering applications. Polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) scaffolds loaded with different concentrations of rGO nanoparticles were synthesized via lyophilization. Characterization of these scaffolds showed that the rGO-loaded scaffolds retained the thermal and physical properties (swelling, porosity and in vitro biodegradation) of pure PVA/CMC scaffolds. In vitro cytotoxicity studies, using three different cell lines, confirmed that the scaffolds are biocompatible. The scaffolds containing 0.005 and 0.0075% rGO enhanced the proliferation of endothelial cells (EA.hy926) in vitro. In vivo studies using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model showed that the presence of rGO in the PVA/CMC scaffolds significantly enhanced angiogenesis and arteriogenesis.
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Novel alginate/hydroxyethyl cellulose/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold for bone regeneration: In vitro cell viability and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:448-460. [PMID: 29408578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sodium alginate (SA)/hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite scaffolds were explored for enhanced in vitro bone regeneration. The SA/HEC/HA composites were synthesized using the lyophilization technique and further cross-linked in the presence of calcium ions to form composite hydrogel networks. The physicochemical, thermal behavior and morphology properties of the prepared scaffolds were characterized through XRD, DSC/TGA, FTIR and SEM. Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of the under investigated scaffolds was determined using texture analyzer. The in vitro bioactivity in SBF and adsorption of bovine serum albumin as well as cell viability for all the prepared scaffolds were also tested. The results indicated that the higher HA concentration (40wt%) enhanced the mechanical properties (23.9MPa), bioactivity and protein adsorption. Cell viability of the tested scaffolds confirmed the non-toxicity of the fabricated systems on the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Proliferation capability was also confirmed for the tested scaffolds after 3 and 7days, but the higher HA-containing scaffold showed increased cell populations specially after 7days compared to HA-free scaffolds. This novel composite material could be used in bone tissue engineering as a scaffold material to deliver cells and biologically active molecules.
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Gaihre B, Lecka-Czernik B, Jayasuriya AC. Injectable nanosilica-chitosan microparticles for bone regeneration applications. J Biomater Appl 2018; 32:813-825. [PMID: 29160129 PMCID: PMC7099582 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217741523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at assessing the effects of silica nanopowder incorporation into chitosan-tripolyphosphate microparticles with the ultimate goal of improving their osteogenic properties. The microparticles were prepared by simple coacervation technique and silica nanopowder was added at 0% (C), 2.5% (S1), 5% (S2) and 10% (S3) (w/w) to chitosan. We observed that this simple incorporation of silica nanopowder improved the growth and proliferation of osteoblasts along the surface of the microparticles. In addition, the composite microparticles also showed the increased expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteoblast specific genes. We observed a significant increase ( p < 0.05) in the expression of alkaline phosphatase by the cells growing on all sample groups compared to the control (C) groups at day 14. The morphological characterization of these microparticles through scanning electron microscopy showed that these microparticles were well suited to be used as the injectable scaffolds with perfectly spherical shape and size. The incorporation of silica nanopowder altered the nano-roughness of the microparticles as observed through atomic force microscopy scans with roughness values going down from C to S3. The results in this study, taken together, show the potential of chitosan-tripolyphosphate-silica nanopowder microparticles for improved bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Beata Lecka-Czernik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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Unagolla JM, Jayasuriya AC. Drug transport mechanisms and in vitro release kinetics of vancomycin encapsulated chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte microparticles as a controlled drug delivery system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 114:199-209. [PMID: 29269322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte microparticles containing the antibiotic, vancomycin chloride were prepared using the ionotropic gelation (coacervation) technique. In vitro release and drug transport mechanisms were studied concerning the chitosan only and alginate only microparticles as a control group. Further, the effect of porosity on the drug transport mechanism was also studied for chitosan-alginate mixed particles produced by lyophilizing in contrast to the air-dried non-porous particles. According to the in vitro release data, alginate only and chitosan only microparticles showed burst release and prolonged release respectively. Chitosan-alginate lyophilized microparticles showed the best-controlled release of vancomycin with the average release of 22μg per day for 14days. Also, when increasing alginate concentration there was no increase in the release rate of vancomycin. The release data of all the microparticles were treated with Ritger-Peppas, Higuchi, Peppas-Sahlin, zero-order, and first-order kinetic models. The best fit was observed with Peppas-Sahlin model, indicating the drug transport mechanism was controlled by both Fickian diffusion and case II relaxations. Also, Fickian diffusion dominates the drug transport mechanism of all air-dried samples during the study period. However, the Fickian contribution was gradually reducing with time. Porosity significantly effects the drug transport mechanism as case II relaxation dominates after day 10 of the lyophilized microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janitha M Unagolla
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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Alemán-Domínguez ME, Ortega Z, Benítez AN, Vilariño-Feltrer G, Gómez-Tejedor JA, Vallés-Lluch A. Tunability of polycaprolactone hydrophilicity by carboxymethyl cellulose loading. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Alemán-Domínguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio de Fabricación Integrada, Parque científico-tecnológico de la ULPGC; Las Palmas Spain
| | - Z. Ortega
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio de Fabricación Integrada, Parque científico-tecnológico de la ULPGC; Las Palmas Spain
| | - A. N. Benítez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio de Fabricación Integrada, Parque científico-tecnológico de la ULPGC; Las Palmas Spain
| | - G. Vilariño-Feltrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT); Universitat Politècnica de Valencia; València Spain
| | - J. A. Gómez-Tejedor
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT); Universitat Politècnica de Valencia; València Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Valencia Spain
| | - A. Vallés-Lluch
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT); Universitat Politècnica de Valencia; València Spain
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Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040049. [PMID: 29156629 PMCID: PMC5748556 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.
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Halib N, Perrone F, Cemazar M, Dapas B, Farra R, Abrami M, Chiarappa G, Forte G, Zanconati F, Pozzato G, Murena L, Fiotti N, Lapasin R, Cansolino L, Grassi G, Grassi M. Potential Applications of Nanocellulose-Containing Materials in the Biomedical Field. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E977. [PMID: 28825682 PMCID: PMC5578343 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Because of its high biocompatibility, bio-degradability, low-cost and easy availability, cellulose finds application in disparate areas of research. Here we focus our attention on the most recent and attractive potential applications of cellulose in the biomedical field. We first describe the chemical/structural composition of cellulose fibers, the cellulose sources/features and cellulose chemical modifications employed to improve its properties. We then move to the description of cellulose potential applications in biomedicine. In this field, cellulose is most considered in recent research in the form of nano-sized particle, i.e., nanofiber cellulose (NFC) or cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). NFC is obtained from cellulose via chemical and mechanical methods. CNC can be obtained from macroscopic or microscopic forms of cellulose following strong acid hydrolysis. NFC and CNC are used for several reasons including the mechanical properties, the extended surface area and the low toxicity. Here we present some potential applications of nano-sized cellulose in the fields of wound healing, bone-cartilage regeneration, dental application and different human diseases including cancer. To witness the close proximity of nano-sized cellulose to the practical biomedical use, examples of recent clinical trials are also reported. Altogether, the described examples strongly support the enormous application potential of nano-sized cellulose in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Halib
- Department of Basic Sciences & Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Level 15, Tower B, Persiaran MPAJ, Jalan Pandan Utama, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia;.
| | - Francesca Perrone
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Rossella Farra
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Michela Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Chiarappa
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Forte
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Surgery and Health Sciences, Department of Medical, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Pozzato
- Surgery and Health Sciences, Department of Medical, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Luigi Murena
- Surgery and Health Sciences, Department of Medical, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Nicola Fiotti
- Surgery and Health Sciences, Department of Medical, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Romano Lapasin
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Laura Cansolino
- Department of Clinico-Surgical Sciences, Experimental Surgery Laboratory, University of Pavia and IRCCS S, Matteo Hospital Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
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