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Luo X, Zhai Y, Wang P, Tian B, Liu S, Li J, Yang C, Strehmel V, Li S, Matyjaszewski K, Yilmaz G, Strehmel B, Chen Z. Light-Mediated Polymerization Catalyzed by Carbon Nanomaterials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316431. [PMID: 38012084 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials, specifically carbon dots and carbon nitrides, play a crucial role as heterogeneous photoinitiators in both radical and cationic polymerization processes. These recently introduced materials offer promising solutions to the limitations of current homogeneous systems, presenting a novel approach to photopolymerization. This review highlights the preparation and photocatalytic performance of these nanomaterials, emphasizing their application in various polymerization techniques, including photoinduced i) free radical, ii) RAFT, iii) ATRP, and iv) cationic photopolymerization. Additionally, it discusses their potential in addressing contemporary challenges and explores prospects in this field. Moreover, carbon nitrides, in particular, exhibit exceptional oxygen tolerance, underscoring their significance in radical polymerization processes and allowing their applications such as 3D printing, surface modification of coatings, and hydrogel engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Bing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA-15213, USA
| | - Gorkem Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA-15213, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
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2
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Zhou X, Tang A, Xiong C, Zhang G, Huang L, Xu F. Oriented Graphene Oxide Scaffold Promotes Nerve Regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2573-2589. [PMID: 38505172 PMCID: PMC10949378 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s439656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Treating peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) with defects remains challenging in clinical practice. The commercial conduits have shown suboptimal nerve regeneration and functional recovery due to their basic tubular design without electroactive and oriented topographical cues. Purpose To develop a new scaffold with oriented microstructure and electroactive Graphene oxide (GO) and investigate its' therapeutic effect on nerve regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Methods This study employed a straightforward approach to co-spin PCL and GO, yielding an oriented hybrid nanofibrous scaffold known as the O-GO/PCL scaffold. The physical and chemical properties of nanofibrous scaffold were tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), tensile test and so on. Primary Schwann cells (SCs) and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were used to investigate the impact of the newly developed scaffolds on the biological behavior of neural cells in vitro. Transcriptome sequencing (mRNA-seq) was employed to probe the underlying mechanisms of the synergistic effect of electroactive GO and longitudinal topographic guidance on nerve regeneration. Furthermore, the developed O-GO/PCL scaffold was utilized to bridge a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect in rat, aiming to investigate its therapeutic potential for peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo. Results and discussion The SEM and TEM revealed that the newly developed O-GO/PCL scaffold showed longitudinally oriented microstructure and GO particles were homogenously and uniformly distributed inside the nanofibers. Primary SCs were utilized to assess the biocompatibility of the GO-based scaffold, revealing that negligible cytotoxicity when GO concentration does not exceed 0.5%. In vitro analysis of nerve regeneration demonstrated that axons in the O-GO/PCL group exhibited an average length of 1054.88 ± 161.32 µm, significant longer than those in the other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, mRNA sequencing results suggested that the O-GO/PCL scaffold could enhance nerve regeneration by upregulating genes associated with neural regeneration, encompassing ion transport, axon guidance and cell-cell interactions. Most importantly, we employed the O-GO/PCL scaffold to repair a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect in rat, resulting in augmented nerve regeneration, myelination, and functional recovery. Conclusion The O-GO/PCL scaffold with oriented microstructure and electroactive GO represents a promising heral nerve reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aolin Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Sun J, Cao W, Pan S, He L, Ji D, Zheng N, Sun X, Wang R, Niu Y. Porous Organic Materials in Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Applications for Severed Facial Nerve Injury Repair. Molecules 2024; 29:566. [PMID: 38338311 PMCID: PMC10856494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of facial nerve injury is substantial, and the restoration of its structure and function remains a significant challenge. Autologous nerve transplantation is a common treatment for severed facial nerve injury; however, it has great limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for clinical repair methods that can rival it. Tissue engineering nerve conduits are usually composed of scaffolds, cells and neurofactors. Tissue engineering is regarded as a promising method for facial nerve regeneration. Among different factors, the porous nerve conduit made of organic materials, which has high porosity and biocompatibility, plays an indispensable role. This review introduces facial nerve injury and the existing treatment methods and discusses the necessity of the application of porous nerve conduit. We focus on the application of porous organic polymer materials from production technology and material classification and summarize the necessity and research progress of these in repairing severed facial nerve injury, which is relatively rare in the existing articles. This review provides a theoretical basis for further research into and clinical interventions on facial nerve injury and has certain guiding significance for the development of new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (J.S.); (S.P.); (L.H.); (X.S.)
| | - Wenxin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; (W.C.); (D.J.)
- Zhengzhou Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shuang Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (J.S.); (S.P.); (L.H.); (X.S.)
| | - Lina He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (J.S.); (S.P.); (L.H.); (X.S.)
| | - Dongchao Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; (W.C.); (D.J.)
| | - Nannan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (J.S.); (S.P.); (L.H.); (X.S.)
| | - Ranxu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (J.S.); (S.P.); (L.H.); (X.S.)
| | - Yumei Niu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (J.S.); (S.P.); (L.H.); (X.S.)
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4
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Wang C, Zhou Y. Sacrificial biomaterials in 3D fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35312. [PMID: 37572033 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has progressed exceedingly in the area of tissue engineering. Despite the tremendous potential of 3D printing, building scaffolds with complex 3D structure, especially with soft materials, still exist as a challenge due to the low mechanical strength of the materials. Recently, sacrificial materials have emerged as a possible solution to address this issue, as they could serve as temporary support or templates to fabricate scaffolds with intricate geometries, porous structures, and interconnected channels without deformation or collapse. Here, we outline the various types of scaffold biomaterials with sacrificial materials, their pros and cons, and mechanisms behind the sacrificial material removal, compare the manufacturing methods such as salt leaching, electrospinning, injection-molding, bioprinting with advantages and disadvantages, and discuss how sacrificial materials could be applied in tissue-specific applications to achieve desired structures. We finally conclude with future challenges and potential research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wang
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Yingge Zhou
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
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5
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Zhang M, An H, Gu Z, Zhang YC, Wan T, Jiang HR, Zhang FS, Jiang BG, Han N, Wen YQ, Zhang PX. Multifunctional wet-adhesive chitosan/acrylic conduit for sutureless repair of peripheral nerve injuries. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126793. [PMID: 37709238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is high worldwide, and a poor prognosis is common. Surgical closure and repair of the affected area are crucial to ensure the effective treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Despite being the standard treatment approach, reliance on sutures to seal the severed nerve ends introduces several limitations and restrictions. This technique is intricate and time-consuming, and the application of threading and punctate sutures may lead to tissue damage and heightened tension concentrations, thus increasing the risk of fixation failure and local inflammation. This study aimed to develop easily implantable chitosan-based peripheral nerve repair conduits that combine acrylic acid and cleavable N-hydroxysuccinimide to reduce nerve damage during repair. In ex vivo tissue adhesion tests, the conduit achieved maximal interfacial toughness of 705 J m-2 ± 30 J m-2, allowing continuous bridging of the severed nerve ends. Adhesive repair significantly reduces local inflammation caused by conventional sutures, and the positive charge of chitosan disrupts the bacterial cell wall and reduces implant-related infections. This promises to open new avenues for sutureless nerve repair and reliable medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Heng An
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yi-Chong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Teng Wan
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Hao-Ran Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Feng-Shi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Bao-Guo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Na Han
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yong-Qiang Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
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6
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Khan MUA, Stojanović GM, Rehman RA, Moradi AR, Rizwan M, Ashammakhi N, Hasan A. Graphene Oxide-Functionalized Bacterial Cellulose-Gelatin Hydrogel with Curcumin Release and Kinetics: In Vitro Biological Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40024-40035. [PMID: 37929099 PMCID: PMC10620874 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymer-based bioactive hydrogels are excellent wound dressing materials for wound healing applications. They have excellent properties, including hydrophilicity, tunable mechanical and morphological properties, controllable functionality, biodegradability, and desirable biocompatibility. The bioactive hydrogels were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC), gelatin, and graphene oxide (GO). The GO-functionalized-BC (GO-f-BC) was synthesized by a hydrothermal method and chemically crosslinked with bacterial cellulose and gelatin using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a crosslinker. The structural, morphological, and wettability properties were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a universal testing machine (UTM), respectively. The swelling analysis was conducted in different media, and aqueous medium exhibited maximum hydrogel swelling compared to other media. The Franz diffusion method was used to study curcumin (Cur) release (Max = 69.32%, Min = 49.32%), and Cur release kinetics followed the Hixson-Crowell model. Fibroblast (3T3) cell lines were employed to determine the cell viability and proliferation to bioactive hydrogels. Antibacterial activities of bioactive hydrogels were evaluated against infection-causing bacterial strains. Bioactive hydrogels are hemocompatible due to their less than 0.5% hemolysis against fresh human blood. The results show that bioactive hydrogels can be potential wound dressing materials for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical
Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Goran M. Stojanović
- Department
of Electronics, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Roselinda Ab Rehman
- Oral
and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ali-Reza Moradi
- Department
of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies
in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department
of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Quantitative Health
Science & Engineering, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical
Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Mankavi F, Ibrahim R, Wang H. Advances in Biomimetic Nerve Guidance Conduits for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2528. [PMID: 37764557 PMCID: PMC10536071 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Injuries to the peripheral nervous system are a common clinical issue, causing dysfunctions of the motor and sensory systems. Surgical interventions such as nerve autografting are necessary to repair damaged nerves. Even with autografting, i.e., the gold standard, malfunctioning and mismatches between the injured and donor nerves often lead to unwanted failure. Thus, there is an urgent need for a new intervention in clinical practice to achieve full functional recovery. Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs), providing physicochemical cues to guide neural regeneration, have great potential for the clinical regeneration of peripheral nerves. Typically, NGCs are tubular structures with various configurations to create a microenvironment that induces the oriented and accelerated growth of axons and promotes neuron cell migration and tissue maturation within the injured tissue. Once the native neural environment is better understood, ideal NGCs should maximally recapitulate those key physiological attributes for better neural regeneration. Indeed, NGC design has evolved from solely physical guidance to biochemical stimulation. NGC fabrication requires fundamental considerations of distinct nerve structures, the associated extracellular compositions (extracellular matrices, growth factors, and cytokines), cellular components, and advanced fabrication technologies that can mimic the structure and morphology of native extracellular matrices. Thus, this review mainly summarizes the recent advances in the state-of-the-art NGCs in terms of biomaterial innovations, structural design, and advanced fabrication technologies and provides an in-depth discussion of cellular responses (adhesion, spreading, and alignment) to such biomimetic cues for neural regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Semcer Center for Healthcare Innovation, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (F.M.); (R.I.)
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Huang J, Ma Y, Pang K, Ma X, Zheng Z, Xu D, Xiong K, Yu B, Liao L. Anisotropic Microspheres-Cryogel Composites Loaded with Magnesium l-Threonate Promote Osteogenesis, Angiogenesis, and Neurogenesis for Repairing Bone Defects. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37326596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To achieve osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis for repairing bone defects, we constructed an anisotropic microspheres-cryogel composite loaded with magnesium l-threonate (MgT). These composites were prepared by the photo-click reaction of norbornene-modified gelatin (GB) in the presence of MgT-loaded microspheres through the bidirectional freezing method. The composites possessed an anisotropic macroporous (around 100 μm) structure and sustained release of bioactive Mg2+, which facilitate vascular ingrowth. These composites could significantly promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, tubular formation of human umbilical vein vessel endothelial cells, and neuronal differentiation in vitro. Additionally, these composites significantly promoted early vascularization and neurogenesis as well as bone regeneration in the rat femoral condyle defects. In conclusion, owing to the anisotropic macroporous microstructure and bioactive MgT, these composites could simultaneously promote bone, blood vessel, and nerve regeneration, showing great potential for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhai Huang
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiteng Pang
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyu Zheng
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Daorong Xu
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Liqiong Liao
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
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