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Li Z, Li Y, Liu C, Gu Y, Han G. Research progress of the mechanisms and applications of ginsenosides in promoting bone formation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155604. [PMID: 38614042 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone deficiency-related diseases caused by various factors have disrupted the normal function of the skeleton and imposed a heavy burden globally, urgently requiring potential new treatments. The multi-faceted role of compounds like ginsenosides and their interaction with the bone microenvironment, particularly osteoblasts can promote bone formation and exhibit anti-inflammatory, vascular remodeling, and antibacterial properties, holding potential value in the treatment of bone deficiency-related diseases and bone tissue engineering. PURPOSE This review summarizes the interaction between ginsenosides and osteoblasts and the bone microenvironment in bone formation, including vascular remodeling and immune regulation, as well as their therapeutic potential and toxicity in the broad treatment applications of bone deficiency-related diseases and bone tissue engineering, to provide novel insights and treatment strategies. METHODS The literature focusing on the mechanisms and applications of ginsenosides in promoting bone formation before March 2024 was searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. Keywords such as "phytochemicals", "ginsenosides", "biomaterials", "bone", "diseases", "bone formation", "microenvironment", "bone tissue engineering", "rheumatoid arthritis", "periodontitis", "osteoarthritis", "osteoporosis", "fracture", "toxicology", "pharmacology", and combinations of these keywords were used. RESULTS Ginsenoside monomers regulate signaling pathways such as WNT/β-catenin, FGF, and BMP/TGF-β, stimulating osteoblast generation and differentiation. It exerts angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the bone surrounding microenvironment through signaling such as WNT/β-catenin, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Notch. It shows therapeutic effects and biological safety in the treatment of bone deficiency-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, periodontitis, osteoporosis, and fractures, and bone tissue engineering by promoting osteogenesis and improving the microenvironment of bone formation. CONCLUSION The functions of ginsenosides are diverse and promising in treating bone deficiency-related diseases and bone tissue engineering. Moreover, potential exists in regulating the bone microenvironment, modifying biomaterials, and treating inflammatory-related bone diseases and dental material applications. However, the mechanisms and effects of some ginsenoside monomers are still unclear, and the lack of clinical research limits their clinical application. Further exploration and evaluation of the potential of ginsenosides in these areas are expected to provide more effective methods for treating bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Li
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yuqing Gu
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Guanghong Han
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
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Liu P, Wang J, Xue Y, Zou L, Tian Y, Sun R, Zhang W, Li Y, Lv L, Gao Q, Fan B. Perfusion in vivo bioreactor promotes regeneration of vascularized tissue-engineered bone. Regen Med 2023; 18:707-718. [PMID: 37589274 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study improved the in vivo bioreactor (IVB) for bone regeneration by enhancing stem cell survival and promoting vascularized tissue-engineered bone. Methods: 12 New Zealand rabbits received β-TCP scaffolds with rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) implanted. Perfusion IVB with a perfusion electronic pump was compared with the control group using micro-CT, Microfil perfusion, histological staining and RT-PCR for gene expression. Results: Perfusion IVB demonstrated good biocompatibility, increased neoplastic bone tissue, neovascularization and upregulated osteogenic and angiogenesis-related genes in rabbits (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion IVB holds promise for bone regeneration and tissue engineering in orthopedics and maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Yun Xue
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Lei Zou
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Yongzheng Tian
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Ruilong Sun
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Lijun Lv
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Qiuming Gao
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Orthopedic Centre, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
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Shineh G, Patel K, Mobaraki M, Tayebi L. Functional Approaches in Promoting Vascularization and Angiogenesis in Bone Critical-Sized Defects via Delivery of Cells, Growth Factors, Drugs, and Particles. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:99. [PMID: 36826899 PMCID: PMC9960138 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical-sized bone defects, or CSDs, are defined as bone defects that cannot be regenerated by themselves and require surgical intervention via employing specific biomaterials and a certain regenerative strategy. Although a variety of approaches can be used to treat CSDs, poor angiogenesis and vascularization remain an obstacle in these methods. The complex biological healing of bone defects depends directly on the function of blood flow to provide sufficient oxygen and nutrients and the removal of waste products from the defect site. The absence of vascularization can lead to non-union and delayed-union defect development. To overcome this challenge, angiogenic agents can be delivered to the site of injury to stimulate vessel formation. This review begins by introducing the treatment methods for CSDs. The importance of vascularization in CSDs is subsequently highlighted. Delivering angiogenesis agents, including relevant growth factors, cells, drugs, particles, cell secretion substances, their combination, and co-delivery to CSDs are fully explored. Moreover, the effects of such agents on new bone formation, followed by vessel formation in defect areas, are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Shineh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kishan Patel
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53207, USA
| | - Mohammadmahdi Mobaraki
- Biomaterial Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15916-34311, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53207, USA
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4
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Yu H, Xia L, Leng X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Ni X, Luo J, Leng W. Improved repair of rabbit calvarial defects with hydroxyapatite/chitosan/polycaprolactone composite scaffold-engrafted EPCs and BMSCs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:928041. [PMID: 35992335 PMCID: PMC9382592 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.928041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) expressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) expressing endogenous bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) play the important role in new bone formation. This study investigated the effects of a porous hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan (CS)/polycaprolactone (PCL) composite scaffold-engrafted EPCs and BMSCs on the expression of BMP-2, VEGF, and PDGF in the calvarial defect rabbit model in vivo. It showed that a three-dimensional composite scaffold was successfully constructed by physical interaction with a pore size of 250 μm. The HA/CS/PCL scaffold degraded slowly within 10 weeks and showed non-cytotoxicity. By X-ray, micro-CT examination, and H&E staining, compared with the HA/CS/PCL group, HA/CS/PCL + EPCs, HA/CS/PCL + BMSCs, and HA/CS/PCL + EPCs + BMSCs groups performed a more obvious repair effect, and the dual factor group presented particularly significant improvement on the percentages of bone volume at week 4 and week 8, with evident bone growth. Osteogenesis marker (BMP-2) and vascularization marker (VEGF and PDGF) expression in the dual factor group were much better than those of the HA/CS/PCL control group and single factor groups. Collectively, the HA/CS/PCL composite scaffold-engrafting EPCs and BMSCs is effective to repair calvarial defects by regulating endogenous expression of BMP-2, VEGF, and PDGF. Thus, this study provides important implications for the potential clinical application of biomaterial composite scaffold-engrafted engineering cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedong Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Institute of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lingyun Xia
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Institute of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xieyuan Leng
- The First Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongji Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Institute of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Institute of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaobing Ni
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Institute of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Weidong Leng, ; Jie Luo,
| | - Weidong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Institute of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Weidong Leng, ; Jie Luo,
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D’Alessandro D, Ricci C, Milazzo M, Strangis G, Forli F, Buda G, Petrini M, Berrettini S, Uddin MJ, Danti S, Parchi P. Piezoelectric Signals in Vascularized Bone Regeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1731. [PMID: 34827729 PMCID: PMC8615512 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for bone substitutes is increasing in Western countries. Bone graft substitutes aim to provide reconstructive surgeons with off-the-shelf alternatives to the natural bone taken from humans or animal species. Under the tissue engineering paradigm, biomaterial scaffolds can be designed by incorporating bone stem cells to decrease the disadvantages of traditional tissue grafts. However, the effective clinical application of tissue-engineered bone is limited by insufficient neovascularization. As bone is a highly vascularized tissue, new strategies to promote both osteogenesis and vasculogenesis within the scaffolds need to be considered for a successful regeneration. It has been demonstrated that bone and blood vases are piezoelectric, namely, electric signals are locally produced upon mechanical stimulation of these tissues. The specific effects of electric charge generation on different cells are not fully understood, but a substantial amount of evidence has suggested their functional and physiological roles. This review summarizes the special contribution of piezoelectricity as a stimulatory signal for bone and vascular tissue regeneration, including osteogenesis, angiogenesis, vascular repair, and tissue engineering, by considering different stem cell sources entailed with osteogenic and angiogenic potential, aimed at collecting the key findings that may enable the development of successful vascularized bone replacements useful in orthopedic and otologic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfo D’Alessandro
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Mario Milazzo
- The BioRobotics Intitute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56024 Pontedera, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Strangis
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Forli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Gabriele Buda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Mario Petrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Stefano Berrettini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Mohammed Jasim Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Serena Danti
- The BioRobotics Intitute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56024 Pontedera, Italy;
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Parchi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (P.P.)
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6
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Vascularization Strategies in Bone Tissue Engineering. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071749. [PMID: 34359919 PMCID: PMC8306064 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly vascularized tissue, and its development, maturation, remodeling, and regeneration are dependent on a tight regulation of blood vessel supply. This condition also has to be taken into consideration in the context of the development of artificial tissue substitutes. In classic tissue engineering, bone-forming cells such as primary osteoblasts or mesenchymal stem cells are introduced into suitable scaffolds and implanted in order to treat critical-size bone defects. However, such tissue substitutes are initially avascular. Because of the occurrence of hypoxic conditions, especially in larger tissue substitutes, this leads to the death of the implanted cells. Therefore, it is necessary to devise vascularization strategies aiming at fast and efficient vascularization of implanted artificial tissues. In this review article, we present and discuss the current vascularization strategies in bone tissue engineering. These are based on the use of angiogenic growth factors, the co-implantation of blood vessel forming cells, the ex vivo microfabrication of blood vessels by means of bioprinting, and surgical methods for creating surgically transferable composite tissues.
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7
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Guo G, Gou Y, Jiang X, Wang S, Wang R, Liang C, Yang G, Wang T, Yu A, Zhu G. Long Non-coding RNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury Accelerated Fracture Healing. Front Surg 2021; 8:663377. [PMID: 34150839 PMCID: PMC8211774 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.663377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is commonly observed that patients with bone fracture concomitant with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had significantly increased fracture healing, but the underlying mechanisms were not fully revealed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to play complicated roles in bone homeostasis, but their role in TBI accelerated fracture was rarely reported. The present study was designed to determine the role of lncRNAs in TBI accelerated fracture via transcriptome sequencing and further bioinformatics analyses. Blood samples from three fracture-only patients, three fracture concomitant with TBI patients, and three healthy controls were harvested and were subsequently subjected to transcriptome lncRNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified, and pathway enrichment was performed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. High-dimensional data visualization by self-organizing map (SOM) machine learning was applied to further interpret the data. An xCell method was then used to predict cellular behavior in all samples based on gene expression profiles, and an lncRNA-cell interaction network was generated. A total of 874 differentially expressed genes were identified, of which about 26% were lncRNAs. Those identified lncRNAs were mainly enriched on TBI-related and damage repair-related pathways. SOM analyses revealed that those differentially expressed lncRNAs could be divided into three major module implications and were mainly enriched on transcriptional regulation and immune-related signal pathways, which promote us to further explore cellular behaviors based on differentially expressed lncRNAs. We have predicted that basophils, CD8+ T effector memory cells, B cells, and naïve B cells were significantly downregulated, while microvascular endothelial cells were predicted to be significantly upregulated in the Fr/TBI group, was the lowest and highest, respectively. ENSG00000278905, ENSG00000240980, ENSG00000255670, and ENSG00000196634 were the most differentially expressed lncRNAs related to all changes of cellular behavior. The present study has revealed for the first time that several critical lncRNAs may participate in TBI accelerated fracture potentially via regulating cellular behaviors of basophils, cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoning Guo
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yajun Gou
- Department of Orthopedic, Shapingba District Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuhong Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruilie Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Changqiang Liang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Tinggang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Anyong Yu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Guoyan Zhu
- Department of Health Management, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Bouland C, Philippart P, Dequanter D, Corrillon F, Loeb I, Bron D, Lagneaux L, Meuleman N. Cross-Talk Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) and Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) in Bone Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:674084. [PMID: 34079804 PMCID: PMC8166285 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.674084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex, well-orchestrated process based on the interactions between osteogenesis and angiogenesis, observed in both physiological and pathological situations. However, specific conditions (e.g., bone regeneration in large quantity, immunocompromised regenerative process) require additional support. Tissue engineering offers novel strategies. Bone regeneration requires a cell source, a matrix, growth factors and mechanical stimulation. Regenerative cells, endowed with proliferation and differentiation capacities, aim to recover, maintain, and improve bone functions. Vascularization is mandatory for bone formation, skeletal development, and different osseointegration processes. The latter delivers nutrients, growth factors, oxygen, minerals, etc. The development of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) cocultures has shown synergy between the two cell populations. The phenomena of osteogenesis and angiogenesis are intimately intertwined. Thus, cells of the endothelial line indirectly foster osteogenesis, and conversely, MSCs promote angiogenesis through different interaction mechanisms. In addition, various studies have highlighted the importance of the microenvironment via the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs stimulate bone regeneration and angiogenesis. In this review, we describe (1) the phenomenon of bone regeneration by different sources of MSCs. We assess (2) the input of EPCs in coculture in bone regeneration and describe their contribution to the osteogenic potential of MSCs. We discuss (3) the interaction mechanisms between MSCs and EPCs in the context of osteogenesis: direct or indirect contact, production of growth factors, and the importance of the microenvironment via the release of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Bouland
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saint-Pierre Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Philippart
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, IRIS South Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Dequanter
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saint-Pierre Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florent Corrillon
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Loeb
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saint-Pierre Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Jiang W, Zhu P, Zhang T, Liao F, Yu Y, Liu Y, Shen H, Zhao Z, Huang X, Zhou N. MicroRNA-205 mediates endothelial progenitor functions in distraction osteogenesis by targeting the transcription regulator NOTCH2. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:101. [PMID: 33536058 PMCID: PMC7860583 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a highly efficacious form of reconstructive bone regeneration, but its clinical utility is limited by the prolonged period required for bone consolidation to occur. Understanding the mechanistic basis for DO and shortening this consolidation phase thus represent promising approaches to improving the clinical utility of this procedure. Methods A mandibular DO (MDO) canine model was established, after which small RNA sequencing was performed to identify relevant molecular targets genes. Putative miRNA target genes were identified through bioinformatics and confirmed through qPCR, Western blotting, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Peripheral blood samples were collected to isolate serum and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) in order to measure miR-205, NOTCH2, and angiogenic cytokines expression levels. Lentiviral constructs were then used to inhibit or overexpress miR-205 and NOTCH2 in isolated ECFCs, after which the angiogenic activity of these cells was evaluated in migration, wound healing, proliferation, tube formation, and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Autologous ECFCs transfected to knockdown miR-205 and were injected directly into the distraction callus. On days 14, 28, 35 and 42 after surgery, bone density was evaluated via CBCT, and callus samples were collected and evaluated via histological staining to analyze bone regeneration and remodeling. Results MiR-205 was identified as being one of the miRNAs that was most significantly downregulated in MDO callus samples. Downregulation of miR-205 was also observed in DO-ECFCs and serum of animals undergoing MDO. Inhibiting miR-205 markedly enhanced angiogenesis, whereas overexpressing miR-205 had the opposite effect in vitro. Importantly, NOTCH2, which is a unique regulator in bone angiogenesis, was identified as a miR-205 target gene. Consistent with this regulatory relationship, knocking down NOTCH2 suppressed angiogenesis, and transduction with a miR-205 inhibitor lentivirus was sufficient to rescue angiogenic activity. When ECFCs in which miR-205 had been inhibited were transplanted into the MDO callus, this significantly bolstered osteogenesis, and remodeling in vivo. Conclusions MiR-205 is a significant regulator of the MDO process, and inhibiting this miRNA can accelerate MDO-related mineralization. Overall, these results offer new insights into the mechanistic basis for this procedure, highlighting potential targets for therapeutic clinical intervention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02150-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Jiang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqi Zhu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengchun Liao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Yu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Shen
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchen Zhao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanping Huang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nuo Zhou
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Salhotra A, Shah HN, Levi B, Longaker MT. Mechanisms of bone development and repair. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:696-711. [PMID: 32901139 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00279-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone development occurs through a series of synchronous events that result in the formation of the body scaffold. The repair potential of bone and its surrounding microenvironment - including inflammatory, endothelial and Schwann cells - persists throughout adulthood, enabling restoration of tissue to its homeostatic functional state. The isolation of a single skeletal stem cell population through cell surface markers and the development of single-cell technologies are enabling precise elucidation of cellular activity and fate during bone repair by providing key insights into the mechanisms that maintain and regenerate bone during homeostasis and repair. Increased understanding of bone development, as well as normal and aberrant bone repair, has important therapeutic implications for the treatment of bone disease and ageing-related degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Salhotra
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Harsh N Shah
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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11
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Wang Z, Han L, Sun T, Wang W, Li X, Wu B. Osteogenic and angiogenic lineage differentiated adipose-derived stem cells for bone regeneration of calvarial defects in rabbits. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:538-550. [PMID: 32515158 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell sheet techniques are widely used in bone engineering. However, vascularization remains a challenge in fabricating vascularized engineered bone. The goal of this study was to induce adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) osteogenic and angiogenic lineage differentiation and investigate the use of bidiretionally differentiated ADSCs for bone regeneration. ADSCs were cultured to form an osteogenic cell sheet. Other ADSCs were induced to differentiate into endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which were identified and characterized by morphological observation and CD31 immunofluorescent staining. Then, the ADSC sheet-EPC complexes were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice, while ADSC sheets alone were implanted as a control. After 8 weeks of transplantation, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological observation were used to assess bone formation. We then implanted the complexes in calvarial defects in rabbits and assessed bone repair by micro-CT and histological analysis. The ADSC sheets consisted of multiple layers of cells and extracellular matrix. The obtained EPCs formed capillary-like structures and expressed the specific antigen marker CD31. The osteogenic ADSC sheet-EPC complexes formed dense and well-vascularized new bone tissue at 8 weeks after implantation. Bone density was significantly lower in the control group than in the complex group (p < .05). In addition, the reconstruction of calvarial defects in rabbits in complex group was obviously greater than that in the control group (p < .05). These results suggested that the approach of engineering bone tissue with bidiretionally differentiated ADSCs enabled bone regeneration, thus offering a promising strategy for repairing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Wang
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Southern Theater of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Southern Theater of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Sun
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Southern Theater of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Southern Theater of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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12
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Zhao B, Ma J, Ma X. [Advance of vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2019; 33:1029-1032. [PMID: 31407564 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201902032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To review the literature on the research status of vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve so as to provide the theoretical basis for the vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve. Methods The literature related to the vascularization of peripheral nerve tissue engineering in recent years was reviewed and summarized according to the five aspects of promoting vascularization: local microenvironment and blood supply characteristics of peripheral nerve regeneration, scaffold material modification, seed cells, autologous vascular bundle implantation, and pro-vascular factors. Results Tissue engineered peripheral nerve has brought a new hope for the repair of peripheral nerve injury, but the repair effect of large nerve defects is not good, which is mainly related to the degree of vascularization of the nerve grafts. So it is particularly important to promote the early vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerve. Previous studies have mainly focused on the four aspects of scaffold material modification, seed cells, autologous vascular bundle implantation, and angiogenesis related factors. Recent studies show that the combination of the above two or more factors in the tissue engineered peripheral nerves can better promote the vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerves. Conclusion Promoting early vascularization of tissue engineered peripheral nerves can provide timely nutritional support for seed cells on the scaffold, promote axon growth and nerve regeneration, and facilitate the repair of large peripheral nerve defects in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, P.R.China
| | - Jianxiong Ma
- Orthopaedic Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, P.R.China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Orthopaedic Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211,
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13
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Elevated Numbers of Circulating Very Small Embryonic-Like Stem Cells (VSELs) and Intermediate CD14++CD16+ Monocytes in IgA Nephropathy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:686-693. [PMID: 30022351 PMCID: PMC6132770 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is recognized as most frequent form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. IgAN is associated with renal degradation occurring due to irreversible pathological changes leading to glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. It remains poorly understood whether and to what extent these changes are followed by the activation of regenerative mechanisms. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate regenerative potential of IgAN patients by quantitating the frequencies of several stem cell types, namely circulating very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as well as different monocyte subsets with varying maturation and angiopoietic potential. Moreover, we analyzed whether changes in stem cell and monocyte frequencies were related to alterations of several chemotactic factors (stromal derived-factor (SDF-1), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)) and a marker of monocyte/macrophage activation, namely soluble form of CD163 receptor (sCD163). We showed that IgAN patients presented with enhanced levels of VSELs, but not other stem cell types. We also demonstrated significantly elevated numbers of intermediate monocytes known for their M2-like properties as well as high angiopoietic potential and CD163 expression. This finding was accompanied by detection of elevated sCD163 plasma levels in IgAN patients. Taking together, we demonstrated here that IgAN is associated with selective mobilization of VSELs and increased maturation of monocytes towards M2-like and angiopoietic phenotype. These findings contribute to better understanding of the role of regenerative mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in the course of IgAN.
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14
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Inglis S, Kanczler JM, Oreffo ROC. 3D human bone marrow stromal and endothelial cell spheres promote bone healing in an osteogenic niche. FASEB J 2018; 33:3279-3290. [PMID: 30403537 PMCID: PMC6404559 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801114r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The current study used an ex vivo [embryonic day (E)18] chick femur defect model to examine the bone regenerative capacity of implanted 3-dimensional (3D) skeletal–endothelial cell constructs. Human bone marrow stromal cell (HBMSC) and HUVEC spheroids were implanted within a bone defect site to determine the osteogenic potential of the skeletal–endothelial cell unit. Cells were pelleted as co- or monocell spheroids and placed within 1-mm-drill defects in the mid-diaphysis of E18 chick femurs and cultured organotypically for 10 d. Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed significantly (P = 0.0001) increased levels of bone volume (BV) and BV/tissue volume ratio in all cell-pellet groups compared with the sham defect group. The highest increase was seen in BV in femurs containing the HUVEC and HBMSC monocell constructs. Type II collagen expression was particularly pronounced within the cell spheres containing HBMSCs and HUVECs, and CD31-positive cell clusters were prominent within HUVEC-implanted defects. These studies demonstrate the importance of the 3D osteogenic-endothelial niche interaction in bone regeneration. Elucidating the component cell interactions in the osteogenic-vascular niche and the role of exogenous factors in driving these osteogenic processes will aid the development of better bone reparative strategies.—Inglis, S., Kanczler, J. M., Oreffo, R. O. C. 3D human bone marrow stromal and endothelial cell spheres promote bone healing in an osteogenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Inglis
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells, and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Janos M Kanczler
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells, and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells, and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
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15
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Roux BM, Akar B, Zhou W, Stojkova K, Barrera B, Brankov J, Brey EM. Preformed Vascular Networks Survive and Enhance Vascularization in Critical Sized Cranial Defects. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1603-1615. [PMID: 30019616 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular networks provide nutrients, oxygen, and progenitor cells that are essential for bone function. It has been proposed that a preformed vascular network may enhance the performance of engineered bone. In this study vascular networks were generated from human umbilical vein endothelial cell and mesenchymal stem cell spheroids encapsulated in fibrin scaffolds, and the stability of preformed vascular networks and their effect on bone regeneration were assessed in an in vivo bone model. Under optimized culture conditions, extensive vessel-like networks formed throughout the scaffolds in vitro. After vascular network formation, the vascularized scaffolds were implanted in a critical sized calvarial defect in nude rats. Immunohistochemical staining for CD31 showed that the preformed vascular networks survived and anastomosed with host tissue within 1 week of implantation. The prevascularized scaffolds enhanced overall vascularization after 1 and 4 weeks. Early bone formation around the perimeter of the defect area was visible in X-ray images of samples after 4 weeks. Prevascularized scaffolds may be a promising strategy for engineering vascularized bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M Roux
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. V.A. Hospital , Hines, Illinois
| | - Banu Akar
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. V.A. Hospital , Hines, Illinois
| | - Wei Zhou
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Beatriz Barrera
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jovan Brankov
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eric M Brey
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas.,5 Research Service, Audie L. Murphy Memorial V.A. Hospital , San Antonio, Texas
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16
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Cheng Q, Lin S, Bi B, Jiang X, Shi H, Fan Y, Lin W, Zhu Y, Yang F. Bone Marrow-derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Associated with Bone Mass and Strength. J Rheumatol 2018; 45:1696-1704. [PMID: 30173148 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood vessels of bone are thought to influence osteogenesis of bone. No clinical studies have determined whether angiogenesis is related to bone mass and gene expression of growth factors. We compared bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which control angiogenesis of bone in postmenopausal women incurring fragility fracture, with osteoporosis or traumatic fracture with normal bone mass (COM). METHODS Bone specimens were obtained from age-matched women with osteoporosis or COM. Mononuclear cells were isolated and EPC were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of specific genes were measured. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined, and serum markers of bone turnover also were measured. Differences between OP and COM were assessed with Student t test or Mann-Whitney U test, and correlations were determined using Spearman's correlation. RESULTS Compared with COM, patients with OP had significantly lower levels of serum osteocalcin, procollagen type-1 N-terminal propeptide, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D, as well as decreased BMD of total hip and femoral neck and fewer bone marrow EPC. Expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2), and the osteoblast-specific genes runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osterix in bone were significantly lower in OP than in COM. We determined that mature EPC were correlated positively with BMD of the femoral neck and total hip, gene expression of Ang-1, RUNX2, and CD31, and negatively with gene expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and Ang-2. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate correlations of bone marrow EPC with bone mass and gene expression of growth factors, which support a hypothesis of crosstalk between angiogenesis and osteogenesis in bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cheng
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article.
| | - Shangjin Lin
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Bo Bi
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Xin Jiang
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Hongli Shi
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Yongqian Fan
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Weilong Lin
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Yuefeng Zhu
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
| | - Fengjian Yang
- From the Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; the Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; and the Central Laboratory, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Q. Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; S. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; B. Bi, MD, PhD, Central Lab, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; X. Jiang, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; H. Shi, MD, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute; Y. Fan, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; W. Lin, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; Y. Zhu, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University; F. Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital, affiliated to Fudan University. Qun Cheng and Shangjin Lin are co-first authors of this article
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Abstract
Craniofacial bones, separate from the appendicular skeleton, bear a significant amount of strain and stress generated from mastication-related muscles. Current research on the regeneration of craniofacial bone focuses on the reestablishment of an elaborate vascular network. In this review, current challenges and efforts particularly in advances of scaffold properties and techniques for vascularization remodeling in craniofacial bone tissue engineering will be discussed. A microenvironment of ischemia and hypoxia in the biomaterial core drives propagation and reorganization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to assemble into a primitive microvascular framework. Co-culture strategies and delivery of vasculogenic molecules enhance EPCs' differentiation and stimulate the host regenerative response to promote vessel sprouting and strength. To optimize structural and vascular integration, well-designed microstructures of scaffolds are biologically considered. Proper porous structures, matrix stiffness, and surface morphology of scaffolds have a profound influence on cell behaviors and thus affect revascularization. In addition, advanced techniques facilitating angiogenesis and vaculogenesis have also been discussed. Oxygen delivery biomaterials, scaffold-free cell sheet techniques, and arteriovenous loop-induced axial vascularization strategies bring us new understanding and powerful strategies to manage revascularization of large craniofacial bone defects. Although promising histological results have been achieved, the efficient perfusion and functionalization of newly formed vessels are still challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tian
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - T Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Lin
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Cai
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Shear stress: An essential driver of endothelial progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 118:46-69. [PMID: 29549046 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The blood flow through vessels produces a tangential, or shear, stress sensed by their innermost layer (i.e., endothelium) and representing a major hemodynamic force. In humans, endothelial repair and blood vessel formation are mainly performed by circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) characterized by a considerable expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), CD34, and CD133, pronounced tube formation activity in vitro, and strong reendothelialization or neovascularization capacity in vivo. EPCs have been proposed as a promising agent to induce reendothelialization of injured arteries, neovascularization of ischemic tissues, and endothelialization or vascularization of bioartificial constructs. A number of preconditioning approaches have been suggested to improve the regenerative potential of EPCs, including the use of biophysical stimuli such as shear stress. However, in spite of well-defined influence of shear stress on mature endothelial cells (ECs), articles summarizing how it affects EPCs are lacking. Here we discuss the impact of shear stress on homing, paracrine effects, and differentiation of EPCs. Unidirectional laminar shear stress significantly promotes homing of circulating EPCs to endothelial injury sites, induces anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic phenotype of EPCs, increases their capability to form capillary-like tubes in vitro, and enhances differentiation of EPCs into mature ECs in a dose-dependent manner. These effects are mediated by VEGFR2, Tie2, Notch, and β1/3 integrin signaling and can be abrogated by means of complementary siRNA/shRNA or selective pharmacological inhibitors of the respective proteins. Although the testing of sheared EPCs for vascular tissue engineering or regenerative medicine applications is still an unaccomplished task, favorable effects of unidirectional laminar shear stress on EPCs suggest its usefulness for their preconditioning.
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Tang H, Jia W, Hou X, Zhao Y, Huan Y, Chen W, Yu W, Ou Zhu MM, Ye G, Chen B, Dai J. Collagen scaffolds tethered with bFGF promote corpus spongiosum regeneration in a beagle model. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:031001. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa9f01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Wen Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang A, Ding Y, Jin Z. Evaluation of BMMSCs-EPCs sheets for repairing alveolar bone defects in ovariectomized rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16568. [PMID: 29185450 PMCID: PMC5707386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) - endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), BMMSCs and EPCs sheets have on repairing maxillary alveolar defects in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In this study, after identification using multi-lineage differentiation and flow cytometry, BMMSCs and EPCs were isolated from female rats. The BMMSCs-EPCs, BMMSCs and EPCs sheets were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and qRT-PCR. Defects were created in maxillary alveoli and repaired with BMMSCs-EPCs, BMMSCs and EPCs sheets in OVX rats. The repair effects were determined by histological staining and micro-CT analysis at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. We aim to clarify whether BMMSCs-EPCs sheets are more effective in repairing alveolar bone defects than are BMMSCs and EPCs sheets in OVX rats. The results show that the osteogenic potential and the effect of bone repair are greater in the BMMSCs-EPCs sheet group and that this group has a higher ability to repair alveolar bone defects in OVX rats. These results suggest that BMMSCs-EPCs sheets have potential in clinical applications for treating humans with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Axian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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21
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Qin Y, Zhang C. Endothelial progenitor cell‑derived extracellular vesicle‑meditated cell‑to‑cell communication regulates the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stromal cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7018-7024. [PMID: 28901383 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is a promising treatment strategy to increase bone regeneration. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are commonly used to promote vessel formation and osteoblastic differentiation in tissue engineering. Previous studies have demonstrated that EPCs regulate both proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Understanding this mechanism is critical to developing more effective treatments. The role of extracellular vesicles in cell‑to‑cell communication has attracted substantial attention. These small vesicles deliver proteins, DNA, and RNA and consequently regulate the commitment, function, and differentiation of target cells. In the present study, EPC‑derived extracellular vesicles (EPC‑EVs were isolated using gradient ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration and the influence of EPC‑EVs on BMSC osteoblastic differentiation and proliferation was examined in vitro. The results indicated that EPC‑EVs regulate the osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs by inhibiting the expression of osteogenic genes and increasing proliferation in vitro. It is suggested that the results regarding the role of EPC‑EVs will provide a novel way to explain the crosstalk between EPCs and BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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22
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Behrends DA, Hui D, Gao C, Awlia A, Al-Saran Y, Li A, Henderson JE, Martineau PA. Defective Bone Repair in C57Bl6 Mice With Acute Systemic Inflammation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2017; 475:906-916. [PMID: 27844403 PMCID: PMC5289198 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-016-5159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone repair is initiated with a local inflammatory response to injury. The presence of systemic inflammation impairs bone healing and often leads to malunion, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Our research objective was to use a mouse model of cortical bone repair to determine the effect of systemic inflammation on cells in the bone healing microenvironment. QUESTION/PURPOSES: (1) Does systemic inflammation, induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration affect the quantity and quality of regenerating bone in primary bone healing? (2) Does systemic inflammation alter vascularization and the number or activity of inflammatory cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts in the bone healing microenvironment? METHODS Cortical defects were drilled in the femoral diaphysis of female and male C57BL/6 mice aged 5 to 9 months that were treated with daily systemic injections of LPS or physiologic saline as control for 7 days. Mice were euthanized at 1 week (Control, n = 7; LPS, n = 8), 2 weeks (Control, n = 7; LPS, n = 8), and 6 weeks (Control, n = 9; LPS, n = 8) after surgery. The quantity (bone volume per tissue volume [BV/TV]) and microarchitecture (trabecular separation and thickness, porosity) of bone in the defect were quantified with time using microCT. The presence or activity of vascular endothelial cells (CD34), macrophages (F4/80), osteoblasts (alkaline phosphatase [ALP]), and osteoclasts (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP]) were evaluated using histochemical analyses. RESULTS Only one of eight defects was bridged completely 6 weeks after surgery in LPS-injected mouse bones compared with seven of nine defects in the control mouse bones (odds ratio [OR], 0.04; 95% CI, 0.003-0.560; p = 0.007). The decrease in cortical bone in LPS-treated mice was reflected in reduced BV/TV (21% ± 4% vs 39% ± 10%; p < 0.01), increased trabecular separation (240 ± 36 μm vs 171 ± 29 μm; p < 0.01), decreased trabecular thickness (81 ± 18 μm vs 110 ± 22 μm; p = 0.02), and porosity (79% ± 4% vs 60% ± 10%; p < 0.01) at 6 weeks postoperative. Defective healing was accompanied by decreased CD34 (1.1 ± 0.6 vs 3.4 ± 0.9; p < 0.01), ALP (1.9 ± 0.9 vs 6.1 ± 3.2; p = 0.03), and TRAP (3.3 ± 4.7 vs 7.2 ± 4.0; p = 0.01) activity, and increased F4/80 (13 ± 2.6 vs 6.8 ± 1.7; p < 0.01) activity at 2 weeks postoperative. CONCLUSION The results indicate that LPS-induced systemic inflammation reduced the amount and impaired the quality of bone regenerated in mouse femurs. The effects were associated with impaired revascularization, decreased bone turnover by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and by increased catabolic activity by macrophages. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results from this preclinical study support clinical observations of impaired primary bone healing in patients with systemic inflammation. Based on our data, local administration of VEGF in the callus to stimulate revascularization, or transplantation of stem cells to enhance bone turnover represent potentially feasible approaches to improve outcomes in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Behrends
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - D. Hui
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000000122889830Microbiology & Immunology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - C. Gao
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - A. Awlia
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Y. Al-Saran
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - A. Li
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - J. E. Henderson
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.416099.3000000012218112XBone Engineering Labs, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Surgical Research, C10.148.6, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave., Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
| | - P. A. Martineau
- grid.63984.300000000090644811Bone Engineering Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000000419368649Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
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23
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Shanbhag S, Pandis N, Mustafa K, Nyengaard JR, Stavropoulos A. Cell Cotransplantation Strategies for Vascularized Craniofacial Bone Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical In Vivo Studies. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 23:101-117. [PMID: 27733094 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The regenerative potential of tissue-engineered bone constructs may be enhanced by in vitro coculture and in vivo cotransplantation of vasculogenic and osteogenic (progenitor) cells. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature to answer the focused question: In animal models, does cotransplantation of osteogenic and vasculogenic cells enhance bone regeneration in craniofacial defects, compared with solely osteogenic cell-seeded constructs? Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, electronic databases were searched for controlled animal studies reporting cotransplantation of endothelial cells (ECs) with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or osteoblasts in craniofacial critical size defect (CSD) models. Twenty-two studies were included comparing outcomes of MSC/scaffold versus MSC+EC/scaffold (co)transplantation in calvarial (n = 15) or alveolar (n = 7) CSDs of small (rodents, rabbits) and large animal (minipigs, dogs) models. On average, studies presented with an unclear to high risk of bias. MSCs were derived from autologous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, or human (bone marrow, adipose tissue, periosteum) sources; in six studies, ECs were derived from MSCs by endothelial differentiation. In most studies, MSCs and ECs were cocultured in vitro (2-17 days) before implantation. Coculture enhanced MSC osteogenic differentiation and an optimal MSC:EC seeding ratio of 1:1 was identified. Alloplastic copolymer or composite scaffolds were most often used for in vivo implantation. Random effects meta-analyses were performed for histomorphometric and radiographic new bone formation (%NBF) and vessel formation in rodents' calvarial CSDs. A statistically significant benefit in favor of cotransplantation versus MSC-only transplantation for radiographic %NBF was observed in rat calvarial CSDs (weighted mean difference 7.80% [95% confidence interval: 1.39-14.21]); results for histomorphometric %NBF and vessel formation were inconclusive. Overall, heterogeneity in the meta-analyses was high (I2 > 80%). In summary, craniofacial bone regeneration is enhanced by cotransplantation of vasculogenic and osteogenic cells. Although the direction of treatment outcome is in favor of cotransplantation strategies, the magnitude of treatment effect does not seem to be of relevance, unless proven otherwise in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Shanbhag
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway .,2 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University , Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos Pandis
- 3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens R Nyengaard
- 4 Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andreas Stavropoulos
- 2 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University , Malmö, Sweden
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24
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Tasev D, Koolwijk P, van Hinsbergh VWM. Therapeutic Potential of Human-Derived Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells in Animal Models. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 22:371-382. [PMID: 27032435 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tissue regeneration requires proper vascularization. In vivo studies identified that the endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), a subtype of endothelial progenitor cells that can be isolated from umbilical cord or peripheral blood, represent a promising cell source for therapeutic neovascularization. ECFCs not only are able to initiate and facilitate neovascularization in diseased tissue but also can, by acting in a paracrine manner, contribute to the creation of favorable conditions for efficient and appropriate differentiation of tissue-resident stem or progenitor cells. This review outlines the progress in the field of in vivo regenerative and tissue engineering studies and surveys why, when, and how ECFCs can be used for tissue regeneration. RECENT FINDINGS Reviewed literature that regard human-derived ECFCs in xenogeneic animal models implicates that ECFCs should be considered as an endothelial cell source of preference for induction of neovascularization. Their neovascularization and regenerative potential is augmented in combination with other types of stem or progenitor cells. Biocompatible scaffolds prevascularized with ECFCs interconnect faster and better with the host vasculature. The physical incorporation of ECFCs in newly formed blood vessels grants prolonged release of trophic factors of interest, which also makes ECFCs an interesting cell source candidate for gene therapy and delivery of bioactive compounds in targeted area. SUMMARY ECFCs possess all biological features to be considered as a cell source of preference for tissue engineering and repair of blood supply. Investigation of regenerative potential of ECFCs in autologous settings in large animal models before clinical application is the next step to clearly outline the most efficient strategy for using ECFCs as treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Tasev
- 1 Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands .,2 A-Skin Nederland BV , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- 1 Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- 1 Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Wang HK, Wang YX, Xue CB, Li ZMY, Huang J, Zhao YH, Yang YM, Gu XS. Angiogenesis in tissue-engineered nerves evaluated objectively using MICROFIL perfusion and micro-CT scanning. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:168-73. [PMID: 26981108 PMCID: PMC4774213 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.175065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a key process in regenerative medicine generally, as well as in the specific field of nerve regeneration. However, no convenient and objective method for evaluating the angiogenesis of tissue-engineered nerves has been reported. In this study, tissue-engineered nerves were constructed in vitro using Schwann cells differentiated from rat skin-derived precursors as supporting cells and chitosan nerve conduits combined with silk fibroin fibers as scaffolds to bridge 10-mm sciatic nerve defects in rats. Four weeks after surgery, three-dimensional blood vessel reconstructions were made through MICROFIL perfusion and micro-CT scanning, and parameter analysis of the tissue-engineered nerves was performed. New blood vessels grew into the tissue-engineered nerves from three main directions: the proximal end, the distal end, and the middle. The parameter analysis of the three-dimensional blood vessel images yielded several parameters, including the number, diameter, connection, and spatial distribution of blood vessels. The new blood vessels were mainly capillaries and microvessels, with diameters ranging from 9 to 301 μm. The blood vessels with diameters from 27 to 155 μm accounted for 82.84% of the new vessels. The microvessels in the tissue-engineered nerves implanted in vivo were relatively well-identified using the MICROFIL perfusion and micro-CT scanning method, which allows the evaluation and comparison of differences and changes of angiogenesis in tissue-engineered nerves implanted in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Kui Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Xian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen-Mei-Yu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Hong Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Min Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Song Gu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zou T, Fan J, Fartash A, Liu H, Fan Y. Cell-based strategies for vascular regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1297-314. [PMID: 26864677 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vascular regeneration is known to play an essential role in the repair of injured tissues mainly through accelerating the repair of vascular injury caused by vascular diseases, as well as the recovery of ischemic tissues. However, the clinical vascular regeneration is still challenging. Cell-based therapy is thought to be a promising strategy for vascular regeneration, since various cells have been identified to exert important influences on the process of vascular regeneration such as the enhanced endothelium formation on the surface of vascular grafts, and the induction of vessel-like network formation in the ischemic tissues. Here are a vast number of diverse cell-based strategies that have been extensively studied in vascular regeneration. These strategies can be further classified into three main categories, including cell transplantation, construction of tissue-engineered grafts, and surface modification of scaffolds. Cells used in these strategies mainly refer to terminally differentiated vascular cells, pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and unipotent stem cells. The aim of this review is to summarize the reported research advances on the application of various cells for vascular regeneration, yielding insights into future clinical treatment for injured tissue/organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongqiang Zou
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabing Fan
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Armita Fartash
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
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27
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Genova T, Munaron L, Carossa S, Mussano F. Overcoming physical constraints in bone engineering: ‘the importance of being vascularized’. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:940-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215616749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone plays several physiological functions and is the second most commonly transplanted tissue after blood. Since the treatment of large bone defects is still unsatisfactory, researchers have endeavoured to obtain scaffolds able to release growth and differentiation factors for mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts and endothelial cells in order to obtain faster mineralization and prompt a reliable vascularization. Nowadays, the application of osteoblastic cultures spans from cell physiology and pharmacology to cytocompatibility measurement and osteogenic potential evaluation of novel biomaterials. To overcome the simple traditional monocultures in vitro, co-cultures of osteogenic and vasculogenic precursors were introduced with very interesting results. Increasingly complex culture systems have been developed, where cells are seeded on proper scaffolds and stimulated so as to mimic the physiological conditions more accurately. These bioreactors aim at enabling bone regeneration by incorporating different cells types into bio-inspired materials within a surveilled habitat. This review is focused on the most recent developments in the organomimetic cultures of osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy
- C.I.R. Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - L Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - S Carossa
- C.I.R. Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - F Mussano
- C.I.R. Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
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Effective Mobilization of Very Small Embryonic-Like Stem Cells and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells but Not Endothelial Progenitor Cells by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:8530207. [PMID: 26635885 PMCID: PMC4655290 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8530207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, murine hematopoietic progenitor stem cells (HSCs) and very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) were demonstrated to express receptors for sex hormones including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This raised the question of whether FSH therapy at clinically applied doses can mobilize stem/progenitor cells in humans. Here we assessed frequencies of VSELs (referred to as Lin−CD235a−CD45−CD133+ cells), HSPCs (referred to as Lin−CD235a−CD45+CD133+ cells), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs, identified as CD34+CD144+, CD34+CD133+, and CD34+CD309+CD133+ cells) in fifteen female patients subjected to the FSH therapy. We demonstrated that FSH therapy resulted in statistically significant enhancement in peripheral blood (PB) number of both VSELs and HSPCs. In contrast, the pattern of responses of EPCs delineated by different cell phenotypes was not uniform and we did not observe any significant changes in EPC numbers following hormone therapy. Our data indicate that FSH therapy mobilizes VSELs and HSPCs into peripheral blood that on one hand supports their developmental origin from germ lineage, and on the other hand FSH can become a promising candidate tool for mobilizing HSCs and stem cells with VSEL phenotype in clinical settings.
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