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Xin Y, Zhang Z, Lv S, Xu S, Liu A, Li H, Li P, Han H, Liu Y. Elucidating VSMC phenotypic transition mechanisms to bridge insights into cardiovascular disease implications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1400780. [PMID: 38803664 PMCID: PMC11128571 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1400780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, despite advances in understanding cardiovascular health. Significant barriers still exist in effectively preventing and managing these diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are crucial for maintaining vascular integrity and can switch between contractile and synthetic functions in response to stimuli such as hypoxia and inflammation. These transformations play a pivotal role in the progression of cardiovascular diseases, facilitating vascular modifications and disease advancement. This article synthesizes the current understanding of the mechanisms and signaling pathways regulating VSMC phenotypic transitions, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Xin
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zipei Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Lv
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Aidong Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Huize Han
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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van Asten JGM, Latorre M, Karakaya C, Baaijens FPT, Sahlgren CM, Ristori T, Humphrey JD, Loerakker S. A multiscale computational model of arterial growth and remodeling including Notch signaling. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1569-1588. [PMID: 37024602 PMCID: PMC10511605 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessels grow and remodel in response to mechanical stimuli. Many computational models capture this process phenomenologically, by assuming stress homeostasis, but this approach cannot unravel the underlying cellular mechanisms. Mechano-sensitive Notch signaling is well-known to be key in vascular development and homeostasis. Here, we present a multiscale framework coupling a constrained mixture model, capturing the mechanics and turnover of arterial constituents, to a cell-cell signaling model, describing Notch signaling dynamics among vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as influenced by mechanical stimuli. Tissue turnover was regulated by both Notch activity, informed by in vitro data, and a phenomenological contribution, accounting for mechanisms other than Notch. This novel framework predicted changes in wall thickness and arterial composition in response to hypertension similar to previous in vivo data. The simulations suggested that Notch contributes to arterial growth in hypertension mainly by promoting SMC proliferation, while other mechanisms are needed to fully capture remodeling. The results also indicated that interventions to Notch, such as external Jagged ligands, can alter both the geometry and composition of hypertensive vessels, especially in the short term. Overall, our model enables a deeper analysis of the role of Notch and Notch interventions in arterial growth and remodeling and could be adopted to investigate therapeutic strategies and optimize vascular regeneration protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcos Latorre
- Center for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Den Hartog L, Asakura A. Implications of notch signaling in duchenne muscular dystrophy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:984373. [PMID: 36237531 PMCID: PMC9553129 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.984373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses upon the implications of the Notch signaling pathway in muscular dystrophies, particularly Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): a pervasive and catastrophic condition concerned with skeletal muscle degeneration. Prior work has defined the pathogenesis of DMD, and several therapeutic approaches have been undertaken in order to regenerate skeletal muscle tissue and ameliorate the phenotype. There is presently no cure for DMD, but a promising avenue for novel therapies is inducing muscle regeneration via satellite cells (muscle stem cells). One specific target using this approach is the Notch signaling pathway. The canonical Notch signaling pathway has been well-characterized and it ultimately governs cell fate decision, cell proliferation, and induction of differentiation. Additionally, inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway has been directly implicated in the deficits seen with muscular dystrophies. Here, we explore the connection between the Notch signaling pathway and DMD, as well as how Notch signaling may be targeted to improve the muscle degeneration seen in muscular dystrophies.
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van Asten JGM, Ristori T, Nolan DR, Lally C, Baaijens FPT, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Computational analysis of the role of mechanosensitive Notch signaling in arterial adaptation to hypertension. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 133:105325. [PMID: 35839633 PMCID: PMC7613661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arteries grow and remodel in response to mechanical stimuli. Hypertension, for example, results in arterial wall thickening. Cell-cell Notch signaling between vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is known to be involved in this process, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we investigated whether Notch mechanosensitivity to strain may regulate arterial thickening in hypertension. We developed a multiscale computational framework by coupling a finite element model of arterial mechanics, including residual stress, to an agent-based model of mechanosensitive Notch signaling, to predict VSMC phenotypes as an indicator of growth and remodeling. Our simulations revealed that the sensitivity of Notch to strain at mean blood pressure may be a key mediator of arterial thickening in hypertensive arteries. Further simulations showed that loss of residual stress can have synergistic effects with hypertension, and that changes in the expression of Notch receptors, but not Jagged ligands, may be used to control arterial growth and remodeling and to intensify or counteract hypertensive thickening. Overall, we identify Notch mechanosensitivity as a potential mediator of vascular adaptation, and we present a computational framework that can facilitate the testing of new therapeutic and regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - David R Nolan
- School of Engineering and Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caitríona Lally
- School of Engineering and Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Hedin
- Departments of Vascular Surgery and Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zohorsky K, Mequanint K. Designing Biomaterials to Modulate Notch Signaling in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:383-410. [PMID: 33040694 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The design of cell-instructive biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is at a crossroads. Although the conventional tissue engineering approach is top-down (cells seeded to macroporous scaffolds and mature to form tissues), bottom-up tissue engineering strategies are becoming appealing. With such developments, we can study cell signaling events, thus enabling functional tissue assembly in physiologic and diseased models. Among many important signaling pathways, the Notch signaling pathway is the most diverse in its influence during tissue morphogenesis and repair following injury. Although Notch signaling is extensively studied in developmental biology and cancer biology, our knowledge of designing biomaterial-based Notch signaling platforms and incorporating Notch signaling components into engineered tissue systems is limited. By incorporating Notch signaling to tissue engineering scaffolds, we can direct cell-specific responses and improve engineered tissue maturation. This review will discuss recent progress in the development of Notch signaling biomaterials as a promising target to control cellular fate decisions, including the influences of ligand identity, biophysical material cues, ligand presentation strategies, and mechanotransduction. Notch signaling is consequently of interest to direct, control, and reprogram cellular behavior on a biomaterial surface. We anticipate that discussions in this article will allow for enhanced knowledge and insight into designing Notch targeted biomaterials for various tissue engineering and cell fate determinations. Impact statement Notch signaling is recognized as an important pathway in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; however, there is no systematic review on this topic. The comprehensive review and perspectives presented here provide an in-depth discussion on ligand presentation strategies both in 2D and in 3D cell culture environments involving biomaterials/scaffolds. In addition, this review article provides insight into the challenges in designing cell surrogate biomaterials capable of providing Notch signals. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first review relevant to the fields of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Zohorsky
- School of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- School of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Wang Q, Lao M, Xu Z, Ding M, Guo S, Li L. Caveolin‑1 modulates hypertensive vascular remodeling via regulation of the Notch pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4320-4328. [PMID: 33000233 PMCID: PMC7533525 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the critical risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has been suggested to be involved in the development of hypertension; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying Cav-1 in hypertension. In the present study, the hypertension model was induced by infusion of angiotensin II (Ang-II) in rats. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect the viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis of HUVECs. Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to address the thickness of the vessel walls. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess the mechanism of cav-1/Notch1 involved in hypertensive vascular remodeling. In the present study, an Ang-II-induced hypertension model was successfully established in rats. With this model, it was found that the expression levels of cav-1 and Notch1 were significantly increased in brain tissues in the hypertension group compared with the sham-operated group. In cultured HUVECs, knockdown of cav-1 regulated Ang-II-induced HUVEC viability and apoptosis, and modulated hypertensive vascular remodeling, which was mediated by the Notch pathway. The data of the present study demonstrated that the cav-1/Notch signaling plays an important role in the regulation of Ang-II-induced hypertension and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Special Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Minxi Lao
- Special Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Meilin Ding
- Special Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shaolei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Chiarini A, Dal Prà I, Faggian G, Armato U, Luciani GB. Maladaptive remodeling of pulmonary artery root autografts after Ross procedure: A proteomic study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 159:621-632.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang C, Li H, Guo X. FOXC2-AS1 regulates phenotypic transition, proliferation and migration of human great saphenous vein smooth muscle cells. Biol Res 2019; 52:59. [PMID: 31801629 PMCID: PMC6894326 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In varicose veins, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) often shows phenotypic transition and abnormal proliferation and migration. Evidence suggests the FOXC2–Notch pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of varicose veins. Here, this study aimed to explore the role of long non-coding RNA FOXC2-AS1 (FOXC2 antisense RNA 1) in phenotypic transition, proliferation, and migration of varicose vein-derived VSMCs and to explore whether the FOXC2-Notch pathway was involved in this process. Methods The effect of FOXC2-AS1 on the proliferation and migration of human great saphenous vein smooth muscle cells (SV-SMCs) was analyzed using MTT assay and Transwell migration assay, respectively. The levels of contractile marker SM22α and synthetic marker osteopontin were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot to assess the phenotypic transition. Results The human varicose veins showed thickened intima, media and adventitia layers, increased synthetic VSMCs, as well as upregulated FOXC2-AS1 and FOXC2 expression. In vitro assays showed that FOXC2-AS1 overexpression promoted phenotypic transition, proliferation, and migration of SV-SMCs. However, the effect of FOXC2-AS1 overexpression could be abrogated by both FOXC2 silencing and the Notch signaling inhibitor FLI-06. Furthermore, FOXC2-AS1 overexpression activated the Notch pathway by upregulating FOXC2. Conclusion FOXC2-AS1 overexpression promotes phenotypic transition, proliferation, and migration of SV-SMCs, at least partially, by activating the FOXC2-Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Huixiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Xueli Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
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Gao J, Liu Y, Li YM. Review of risk factors, treatment, and prevention of saphenous vein graft disease after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:4907-4919. [PMID: 30178686 PMCID: PMC6300967 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518792445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saphenous vein graft disease (SVGD) is a type of vascular disease that may develop after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). SVGD seriously affects the short-term and long-term effects of CABG and increases the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. It is very important to identify patients at greatest risk and carry out prevention and treatment measures to determine the risk factors for SVGD. Many factors contribute to SVGD when the vein is grafted into an arterial environment, such as surgery-related factors, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and others. In this review, we discuss the risk factors for SVGD, current surgical and pharmacologic therapies with which to manage SVGD, and the prevention of SVGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- 1 Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Dongli District, Tianjin, P. R. China.,2 Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yin Liu
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan District, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- 1 Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Dongli District, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Abstract
The development processes of arteries and veins are fundamentally different, leading to distinct differences in anatomy, structure, and function as well as molecular profiles. Understanding the complex interaction between genetic and epigenetic pathways, as well as extracellular and biomechanical signals that orchestrate arterial venous differentiation, is not only critical for the understanding of vascular diseases of arteries and veins but also valuable for vascular tissue engineering strategies. Recent research has suggested that certain transcriptional factors not only control arterial venous differentiation during development but also play a critical role in adult vessel function and disease processes. This review summarizes the signaling pathways and critical transcription factors that are important for arterial versus venous specification. We focus on those signals that have a direct relation to the structure and function of arteries and veins, and have implications for vascular disease processes and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Niklason
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.,Departments of Anesthesiology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA
| | - Guohao Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
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12
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Jones EA, Lehoux S. Shear stress, arterial identity and atherosclerosis. Thromb Haemost 2018; 115:467-73. [DOI: 10.1160/th15-10-0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
SummaryIn the developing embryo, the vasculature first takes the form of a web-like network called the vascular plexus. Arterial and venous differentiation is subsequently guided by the specific expression of genes in the endothelial cells that provide spatial and temporal cues for development. Notch1/4, Notch ligand delta-like 4 (Dll4), and Notch downstream effectors are typically expressed in arterial cells along with EphrinB2, whereas chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) and EphB4 characterise vein endothelial cells. Haemodynamic forces (blood pressure and blood flow) also contribute importantly to vascular remodelling. Early arteriovenous differentiation and local blood flow may hold the key to future inflammatory diseases. Indeed, despite the fact that atherosclerosis risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and diabetes all induce endothelial cell dysfunction throughout the vasculature, plaques develop only in arteries, and they localise essentially in vessel branch points, curvatures and bifurcations, where blood flow (and consequently shear stress) is low or oscillatory. Arterial segments exposed to high blood flow (and high laminar shear stress) tend to remain plaque-free. These observations have led many to investigate what particular properties of arterial or venous endothelial cells confer susceptibility or protection from plaque formation, and how that might interact with a particular shear stress environment.
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Tian DY, Jin XR, Zeng X, Wang Y. Notch Signaling in Endothelial Cells: Is It the Therapeutic Target for Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081615. [PMID: 28757591 PMCID: PMC5578007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels respond to injury through a healing process that includes neointimal hyperplasia. The vascular endothelium is a monolayer of cells that separates the outer vascular wall from the inner circulating blood. The disruption and exposure of endothelial cells (ECs) to subintimal components initiate the neointimal formation. ECs not only act as a highly selective barrier to prevent early pathological changes of neointimal hyperplasia, but also synthesize and release molecules to maintain vascular homeostasis. After vascular injury, ECs exhibit varied responses, including proliferation, regeneration, apoptosis, phenotypic switching, interacting with other cells by direct contact or secreted molecules and the change of barrier function. This brief review presents the functional role of the evolutionarily-conserved Notch pathway in neointimal hyperplasia, notably by regulating endothelial cell functions (proliferation, regeneration, apoptosis, differentiation, cell-cell interaction). Understanding endothelial cell biology should help us define methods to prompt cell proliferation, prevent cell apoptosis and dysfunction, block neointimal hyperplasia and vessel narrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yuan Tian
- Trainee Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xu-Rui Jin
- Trainee Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Nakano T, Fukuda D, Koga JI, Aikawa M. Delta-Like Ligand 4-Notch Signaling in Macrophage Activation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2038-47. [PMID: 27562914 PMCID: PMC5033717 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.306926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway regulates the development of various cell types and organs, and also contributes to disease mechanisms in adults. Accumulating evidence suggests its role in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Notch signaling components also control the phenotype of immune cells. Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) of the Notch pathway promotes proinflammatory activation of macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Dll4 blockade attenuates chronic atherosclerosis, vein graft disease, vascular calcification, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice. The Dll4-Notch axis may, thus, participate in the shared mechanisms for cardiometabolic disorders, serving as a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating these global health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakano
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jun-Ichiro Koga
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- From The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), The Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.A.), Cardiovascular Division (T.N., D.F., J.K., M.A.), and Channing Division of Network Medicine (M.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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