1
|
Simbu S, Orchard A, van de Venter M, van Vuuren S. Ibuprofen as an adjuvant to conventional antimicrobials and essential oil compounds against skin pathogens. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae186. [PMID: 39068502 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Antimicrobial resistance continues to be a growing concern, resulting in increased use of drug combinations. Antibiotic adjuvants are an emerging strategy that may potentiate an antibiotics efficacy. Ibuprofen's polypharmacological properties have been investigated for their antimicrobial and host-modulating potential. This study aimed to investigate the potential of a novel multidrug combination involving ibuprofen, essential oil compounds (EOCs), and conventional antimicrobials against skin pathogens. METHODS AND RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ibuprofen, conventional antimicrobials, and EOCs were determined and then combined and tested against 14 (reference and clinical) skin pathogens. The cytotoxicity was analysed using the MTT assay, whilst the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using lipopolysaccharide activated RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Four pairwise (Ibuprofen and antibiotic) (ΣFIC 0.33-0.50) and three triple (Ibuprofen and antibiotic with EOC) (ΣFIC 0.44-0.47) synergistic antimicrobial interactions were identified. These combinations demonstrated cell viability of 77.59%-100%. No combination significantly reduced nitric oxide production. CONCLUSION The results from this study provide insight into the potential of a multidrug combination involving ibuprofen with conventional antimicrobials and EOCs against common skin pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivar Simbu
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Ané Orchard
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Maryna van de Venter
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, 6031, South Africa
| | - Sandy van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malec K, Mikołajczyk A, Marciniak D, Gawin-Mikołajewicz A, Matera-Witkiewicz A, Karolewicz B, Nawrot U, Khimyak YZ, Nartowski KP. Pluronic F-127 Enhances the Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole against Resistant Candida Strains. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:215-231. [PMID: 38109184 PMCID: PMC10795414 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Candida strains as the most frequent causes of infections, along with their increased drug resistance, pose significant clinical and financial challenges to the healthcare system. Some polymeric excipients were reported to interfere with the multidrug resistance mechanism. Bearing in mind that there are a limited number of marketed products with fluconazole (FLU) for the topical route of administration, Pluronic F-127 (PLX)/FLU formulations were investigated in this work. The aims of this study were to investigate (i) whether PLX-based formulations can increase the susceptibility of resistant Candida strains to FLU, (ii) whether there is a correlation between block polymer concentration and the antifungal efficacy of the FLU-loaded PLX formulations, and (iii) what the potential mode of action of PLX assisting FLU is. The yeast growth inhibition upon incubation with PLX formulations loaded with FLU was statistically significant. The highest efficacy of the azole agent was observed in the presence of 5.0 and 10.0% w/v of PLX. The upregulation of the CDR1/CDR2 genes was detected in the investigated Candida strains, indicating that the efflux of the drug from the fungal cell was the main mechanism of the resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Malec
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mikołajczyk
- Screening Biological Activity Assays and Collection of
Biological Material Laboratory, Wroclaw Medical University,
211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Marciniak
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gawin-Mikołajewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz
- Screening Biological Activity Assays and Collection of
Biological Material Laboratory, Wroclaw Medical University,
211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Karolewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Nawrot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and
Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str,
50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Yaroslav Z. Khimyak
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of East
Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, U.K.
| | - Karol P. Nartowski
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of East
Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Babaei F, Mirzababaei M, Tavakkoli A, Nassiri-Asl M, Hosseinzadeh H. Can nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) be repurposed for fungal infection? NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:59-75. [PMID: 37589736 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are an important class of anti-inflammatory drugs widely used for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, mild-to-moderate pain, and fever. This review aimed to explain the functional role and possible mechanisms of the antifungal effects of NSAIDs alone or in combination with antifungal drugs in vitro and in vivo. Several studies reported that NSAIDs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, indomethacin, ketorolac, celecoxib, flurbiprofen, and nimesulide had antifungal activities in vitro, either fungistatic or fungicidal, against different strains of Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Microsporum, and Trichophyton species. These drugs inhibited biofilm adhesion and development, and yeast-to-hypha conversion which may be related to a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)/PGEx-dependent mechanism. Modulating PGE2 levels by NSAIDs during fungal infection can be introduced as a possible mechanism to overcome. In addition, some important mechanisms of the antifungal activities of NSAIDs and their new derivatives on fungi and host immune responses are summarized. Overall, we believe that using NSAIDs along with classical antifungal drugs has the potential to be investigated as a novel therapeutic strategy in clinical studies. Furthermore, combination therapy can help manage resistant strains, increase the efficacy of antifungal drugs, and reduce toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavakkoli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran.
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 9177948954, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
do Nascimento FB, Valente Sá LG, de Andrade Neto JB, Sampaio LS, Queiroz HA, Silva LJ, Cabral VP, Rodrigues DS, Pereira SC, Cavalcanti BC, Silva J, Marinho ES, Santos HS, Moraes MO, Nobre Júnior HV, Silva CR. Synergistic effect of hydralazine associated with triazoles on Candida spp. in planktonic cells. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:661-672. [PMID: 37540106 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the antifungal activity of hydralazine hydrochloride alone and in synergy with azoles against Candida spp. and the action mechanism. Methods: We used broth microdilution assays to determine the MIC, checkerboard assays to investigate synergism, and flow cytometry and molecular docking tests to ascertain action mechanism. Results: Hydralazine alone had antifungal activity in the range of 16-128 μg/ml and synergistic effect with itraconazole versus 100% of the fungal isolates, while there was synergy with fluconazole against 11.11% of the isolates. There was molecular interaction with the receptors exo-B(1,3)-glucanase and CYP51, causing reduced cell viability and DNA damage. Conclusion: Hydralazine is synergistic with itraconazole and triggers cell death of Candida spp. at low concentrations, demonstrating antifungal potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Bsa do Nascimento
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Lívia Ga Valente Sá
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60190-180, Brazil
| | - João B de Andrade Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60190-180, Brazil
| | - Letícia S Sampaio
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Helaine A Queiroz
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Lisandra J Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Vitória Pf Cabral
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Rodrigues
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Sidsayde C Pereira
- Hospital Dr. Carlos Alberto Studart, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60840-285, Brazil
| | - Bruno C Cavalcanti
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Jacilene Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry & Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, 62930-000, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel S Marinho
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry & Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, 62930-000, Brazil
| | - Helcio S Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry & Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, 62930-000, Brazil
| | - Manoel O Moraes
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Hélio V Nobre Júnior
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Cecília R Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aydin M, Ozturk A, Duran T, Ozmen UO, Sumlu E, Ayan EB, Korucu EN. In vitro antifungal and antibiofilm activities of novel sulfonyl hydrazone derivatives against Candida spp. J Mycol Med 2023; 33:101327. [PMID: 36272382 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal and antibiofilm activity of the new sulfonyl hydrazones compound derived from sulphonamides. METHODS In this study, new sulfonyl hydrazone series were synthesized via a green chemistry method. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic methods. The antifungal activities of the Anaf compounds against Candida strains under planktonic conditions were tested. The biofilm-forming ability of Candida strains was determined and the inhibitory effects of Anaf compounds on Candida biofilms compared with fluconazole were measured by MTT assay. Expression analysis of biofilm-related genes was investigated with qRT-PCR. The statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test. CANDIDA: strains was determined and the inhibitory effects of Anaf compounds on Candida biofilms compared with fluconazole were measured by MTT assay. Expression analysis of biofilm-related genes was investigated with qRT-PCR. The statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS A total of 16 (45.7%) out of 35 Candida isolates were determined as strong biofilm producers in this study. C. albicans was the most biofilm producer, followed by C. krusei and C. lusitaniae. The Anaf compounds had a broad spectrum of activity with MIC values ranging from 4 μg/ml to 64 μg/ml. Our data indicated that the Anaf compound had a significant effect on inhibiting biofilm formation in both fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant strains. The expression levels of hypha-specific genes als3, hwp1, ece1 and sap5 were downregulated by Anaf compounds. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that the Anaf compounds had antifungal activity and inhibited fungal biofilms, which may be related to the suppression of C. albicans adherence and hyphal formation. These results suggest that Anaf compounds may have therapeutic potential for the treatment and prevention of biofilm-associated Candida infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Aydin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ali Ozturk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Tugce Duran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Esra Sumlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Esra Bilen Ayan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Nedime Korucu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jampilek J. Novel avenues for identification of new antifungal drugs and current challenges. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:949-968. [PMID: 35787715 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2097659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Some of otherwise useful fungi are pathogenic to humans, and unfortunately, the number of these pathogens is increasing. In addition to common skin infections, these opportunistic pathogens are able to cause severe, often incurable, systemic mycoses. AREAS COVERED : The number of antifungal drugs is limited, especially drugs that can be used for systemic administration, and resistance to these drugs is very common. This review summarizes various approaches to the discovery and development of new antifungal drugs, provides an overview of the most important molecules in terms of basic (laboratory) research and compounds currently in clinical trials, and focuses on drug repurposing strategy, while providing an overview of drugs of other indications that have been tested in vitro for their antifungal activity for possible expansion of antifungal drugs and/or support of existing antimycotics. EXPERT OPINION : Despite the limitations of the research of new antifungal drugs by pharmaceutical manufacturers, in addition to innovated molecules based on clinically used drugs, several completely new small entities with unique mechanisms of actions have been identified. The identification of new molecular targets that offer alternatives for the development of new unique selective antifungal highly effective agents has been an important outcome of repurposing of non-antifungal drugs to antifungal drug. Also, given the advances in monoclonal antibodies and their application to immunosuppressed patients, it may seem possible to predict a more optimistic future for antifungal therapy than has been the case in recent decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
On 2 June, 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved ibrexafungerp (formerly MK-3118 and SCY-078) for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis, also known as vaginal yeast infection. Ibrexafungerp is the first drug approved in a novel antifungal class in more than two decades, and the Food and Drug Administration’s decision was based on positive results from two pivotal phase III studies in which oral ibrexafungerp proved both safe and effective in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis. The decision was also based on substantial preclinical and clinical work in both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ibrexafungerp. This paper reviews that research and looks ahead to explore how this novel antifungal agent may be used in the future to address the expanding problem of drug-resistant mycotic infections.
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng W, Yang J, Ma Y, Xi Z, Ji Y, Ren Q, Ning H, Wang S. Cotreatment with Aspirin and Azole Drugs Increases Sensitivity of Candida albicans in vitro. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2027-2038. [PMID: 34103949 PMCID: PMC8180266 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s314538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid [ASA]) combined with fluconazole (FCA), itraconazole (ITR), or voriconazole (VRC) on Candida albicans under planktonic and biofilm conditions. Methods A total of 39 clinical C. albicans strains were used to perform the in vitro drug sensitivity assay under different conditions using the M27-A4 broth microdilution method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values were calculated. C. albicans ZY23 was chosen for the further analyses. Results Under planktonic conditions, the half maximal MIC (MIC50) values of FCA, ITR, and VRC were 64-0.5 μg/mL, 32-0.0625 μg/mL, and 16-0.125 μg/mL, respectively, when applied, whereas in combination with ASA, the values decreased to 32-0.25 μg/mL, 8-0.0313 μg/mL, and 8-0.0313 μg/mL, respectively. Under biofilm conditions, FCA, ITR, or VRC alone showed MIC50 values of 128-8 μg/mL, 32-4 μg/mL, and 32-0.5 μg/mL, whereas in combination with ASA the values were decreased to 32-0.5 μg/mL, 16-0.5 μg/mL, and 8-0.0625 μg/mL, respectively. Analysis of the FICI showed that the sensitization rate of ASA to FCA, ITR, and FCA under planktonic conditions was 43.59%, whereas the sensitization rates of ASP to FCA, ITR, and FCA under biofilm conditions were 46.15%, 46.15%, and 48.72%, respectively. Additionally, the time-growth and time-kill curves of C. albicans ZY23 further verified the synergistic effects of ASA on azole drugs. Conclusion ASA may act as an enhancer of the inhibitory effects of azole drugs on the growth of clinical C. albicans under planktonic and biofilm conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Feng
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Xi
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ji
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Ren
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Ning
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyan Wang
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bortolami M, Pandolfi F, Messore A, Rocco D, Feroci M, Di Santo R, De Vita D, Costi R, Cascarino P, Simonetti G, Scipione L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of iron and copper chelating deferiprone derivatives as new agents active against Candida albicans. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 42:128087. [PMID: 33964446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans, in specific conditions, is responsible of severe invasive systemic candidiasis that are related to its ability to produce biofilm on biological and artificial surfaces. Many studies reported the role of iron in fungal growth and virulence and the ability of metal chelating agents to interfere with C. albicans metabolism, virulence and biofilm formation. Here we report the activity of 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridinone (deferiprone) derivatives against C. albicans planktonic cells and biofilm. Some of the studied compounds (2b and 3b) were able to chelate Fe(III) and Cu(II), and showed an interesting activity on planktonic cells (MIC50 of 32 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL respectively) and on biofilm formation (BMIC50 of 32 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL respectively) in cultured ATCC 10,231C. albicans; this activity was reduced, in a concentration dependent way, by the addition of Fe(III) and Cu(II) to the culture media. Furthermore, the most active compound 3b showed a low toxicity on Galleria mellonella larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bortolami
- Department of Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Pandolfi
- Department of Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonella Messore
- Department of Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Rocco
- Department of Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Feroci
- Department of Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Santo
- Department of Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela De Vita
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Department of Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Cascarino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Simonetti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luigi Scipione
- Department of Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim JH, Cheng LW, Chan KL, Tam CC, Mahoney N, Friedman M, Shilman MM, Land KM. Antifungal Drug Repurposing. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110812. [PMID: 33203147 PMCID: PMC7697925 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of fungal pathogens is increasingly problematic due to the limited number of effective drugs available for antifungal therapy. Conventional antifungal drugs could also trigger human cytotoxicity associated with the kidneys and liver, including the generation of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, increased incidences of fungal resistance to the classes of azoles, such as fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, or posaconazole, or echinocandins, including caspofungin, anidulafungin, or micafungin, have been documented. Of note, certain azole fungicides such as propiconazole or tebuconazole that are applied to agricultural fields have the same mechanism of antifungal action as clinical azole drugs. Such long-term application of azole fungicides to crop fields provides environmental selection pressure for the emergence of pan-azole-resistant fungal strains such as Aspergillus fumigatus having TR34/L98H mutations, specifically, a 34 bp insertion into the cytochrome P450 51A (CYP51A) gene promoter region and a leucine-to-histidine substitution at codon 98 of CYP51A. Altogether, the emerging resistance of pathogens to currently available antifungal drugs and insufficiency in the discovery of new therapeutics engender the urgent need for the development of new antifungals and/or alternative therapies for effective control of fungal pathogens. We discuss the current needs for the discovery of new clinical antifungal drugs and the recent drug repurposing endeavors as alternative methods for fungal pathogen control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong H. Kim
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-510-559-5841
| | - Luisa W. Cheng
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Kathleen L. Chan
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Christina C. Tam
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Noreen Mahoney
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Mendel Friedman
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
| | | | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anti-Sporothrix activity of ibuprofen combined with antifungal. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 52:101-106. [PMID: 32617835 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro activity of ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was evaluated against Sporothrix brasiliensis and S. schenckii, either alone or in combination with amphotericin B, itraconazole, or terbinafine. The inhibitory activity of ibuprofen as a single agent was determined according to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, while the effect of ibuprofen combined with amphotericin B, itraconazole, or terbinafine was estimated by microdilution checkerboard methodology. The ultrastructural alterations of S. schenckii after exposure to the combination of ibuprofen and amphotericin B were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and flow cytometry analysis. As a single agent, ibuprofen inhibited Sporothrix growth with a MIC median of 256 μg/mL, while the MIC medians of ibuprofen in combination with antifungals were 16 μg/mL and 128 μg/mL. The MIC values of amphotericin B, itraconazole, and terbinafine were reduced when isolates were co-incubated with ibuprofen, mainly the polyene. The major alteration after treatment with the ibuprofen/amphotericin B combination was the increase in the presence of filamentous forms and high membrane damage with loss of plasma membrane integrity. In summary, we demonstrated that ibuprofen increases the in vitro activity of antifungals, mainly amphotericin B, against S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii. Future in vivo studies exploring combination therapy with ibuprofen and antifungals in animal models are needed to confirm its efficacy.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahangarkani F, Khodavaisy S, Mahmoudi S, Shokohi T, Rezai MS, Fakhim H, Dannaoui E, Faraji S, Chowdhary A, Meis JF, Badali H. Indifferent effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) combined with fluconazole against multidrug-resistant Candida auris. Curr Med Mycol 2019; 5:26-30. [PMID: 31850393 PMCID: PMC6910706 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.5.3.1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Emergence and development of antifungal drug resistance in Candida species constitute a serious concern. Candida auris as an emerging multidrug-resistant fungus is the most important public health threat with high levels of mortality and morbidity. Almost all C. auris isolates are resistant to fluconazole, and there have been reports of elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to amphotericin B and echinocandins. To overcome the growing challenge of antifungal resistance, a valuable alternative option would be the use of drug combination. Materials and Methods: The present study evaluated the in vitro combination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, diclofenac and aspirin with fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant C. auris in comparison to other fluconazole-resistant Candida species, including C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei originating from patients with candidiasis. Results: The MIC ranges of fluconazole-ibuprofen and fluconazole-diclofenac decreased from 32-256 to 32-128 and 16-256 µg/ml, respectively and remained the same for fluconazole-aspirin against C. auris. However, the combination of fluconazole with ibuprofen resulted in a synergistic effect for 5 strains, including C. albicans (n=2), C. tropicalis (n=1), C. glabrata (n=1), and C. krusei (n=1), by decreasing the MIC of fluconazole by 2-3 log2 dilutions. Conclusion: Although the interaction of NSAIDs with fluconazole was not synergistic against fluconazole-resistant C. auris isolates, no antagonism was observed for any combinations. Therefore, combination with newer azole agents needs to be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahangarkani
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Zoonoses Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Mahmoudi
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Tahereh Shokohi
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Rezai
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamed Fakhim
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Eric Dannaoui
- Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Service de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Saharnaz Faraji
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anuradha Chowdhary
- Department of Medical Mycology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital (CWZ), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hamid Badali
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vijayashree Priyadharsini J. In silico validation of the non-antibiotic drugs acetaminophen and ibuprofen as antibacterial agents against red complex pathogens. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1441-1448. [PMID: 31257588 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetaminophen (APAP) and ibuprofen (IB) are drugs commonly used to alleviate pain due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic effect. The aim of the present study is to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the antimicrobial potential of these two drugs against red complex pathogens, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, by using in silico tools, since they are potentially associated with inflammatory conditions related to periodontal infections. METHODS The STITCH v5.0 pipeline was primarily used for identifying drug-protein interactions; VirulentPred and VICMPred were used for elucidating the virulence property and functional class of the proteins. The subcellular localization of virulent proteins was assessed using PSORTb v3.0 and the epitopes were identified using BepiPred v1.0 Linear Epitope Prediction tool. RESULTS APAP and IB were found to interact with proteins involved in cellular process, metabolism, and virulence. The virulent proteins targeted by the drugs were located in the cytoplasm, which would further add to the effectiveness of the drugs to serve as antimicrobial agents. Finally, epitope prediction revealed multiple epitopes in the virulent proteins which can be specifically focused on. CONCLUSIONS APAP and IB were found to target vital proteins involved in the cellular process, metabolism, and virulence of red complex pathogens. An in-depth knowledge on the interaction of these drugs and their antibacterial activity would add to the plethora of merits gained by these drugs in clinical settings. Further in vitro studies on a wide range of pathogens are warranted to substantiate the true interactions between the drugs and the protein repertoire of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini
- Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre-Dental Research Cell [BRULAC-DRC], Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|