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Covolan L, Motta Pollo ML, Dos Santos PB, Betta VHC, Saad Barbosa FF, Covolan LAM, Gimenes C, Hamani C. Effects and mechanisms of anterior thalamus nucleus deep brain stimulation for epilepsy: A scoping review of preclinical studies. Neuropharmacology 2024; 260:110137. [PMID: 39218248 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is a safe and effective intervention for the treatment of certain forms of epilepsy. In preclinical models, electrical stimulation of the ANT has antiepileptogenic effects but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we searched multiple databases for studies that described the effects and mechanisms of ANT low or high frequency stimulation (LFS or HFS) in models of epilepsy. Out of 289 articles identified, 83 were pooled for analysis and 34 were included. Overall, ANT DBS was most commonly delivered at high frequency to rodents injected with kainic acid, pilocarpine, or pentylenetetrazole. In most studies, this therapy increased the latency to the first spontaneous seizure and reduced the frequency of seizures by 20%-80%. Electrophysiology data suggested that DBS reduces the severity of electrographic seizures, decreases the duration and increases the threshold of afterdischarges, reduces the power of low-frequency and increase the power high-frequency bands. Mechanistic studies revealed that ANT DBS leads to a series of short- and long-term changes at multiple levels. Some of its anticonvulsant effects were proposed to occur via the modulation of serotonergic and adenosinergic transmission. The latter seems to be derived from the downregulation of adenosine kinase (ADK). ANT DBS was also shown to increase hippocampal levels of lactate, alter the expression of genes involved in calcium signaling, synaptic glutamate, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. When delivered during status epilepticus or following the injection of convulsant agents, DBS was found to reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. When administered chronically, ANT DBS increased the expression of proteins involved in axonal guidance, changed functional connectivity in limbic circuits, and increased the number of hippocampal cells in epileptic animals, suggesting a neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciene Covolan
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - Maria Luiza Motta Pollo
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Pedro Bastos Dos Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Christiane Gimenes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Clement Hamani
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, ON, M4N3M5, Canada
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Homan K, Onodera T, Matsuoka M, Iwasaki N. Glycosphingolipids in Osteoarthritis and Cartilage-Regeneration Therapy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects Based on a Narrative Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4890. [PMID: 38732111 PMCID: PMC11084896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), a subtype of glycolipids containing sphingosine, are critical components of vertebrate plasma membranes, playing a pivotal role in cellular signaling and interactions. In human articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA), GSL expression is known notably to decrease. This review focuses on the roles of gangliosides, a specific type of GSL, in cartilage degeneration and regeneration, emphasizing their regulatory function in signal transduction. The expression of gangliosides, whether endogenous or augmented exogenously, is regulated at the enzymatic level, targeting specific glycosyltransferases. This regulation has significant implications for the composition of cell-surface gangliosides and their impact on signal transduction in chondrocytes and progenitor cells. Different levels of ganglioside expression can influence signaling pathways in various ways, potentially affecting cell properties, including malignancy. Moreover, gene manipulations against gangliosides have been shown to regulate cartilage metabolisms and chondrocyte differentiation in vivo and in vitro. This review highlights the potential of targeting gangliosides in the development of therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis and cartilage injury and addresses promising directions for future research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohiro Onodera
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (K.H.); (M.M.); (N.I.)
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Li A, Li F, Song W, Lei Z, Sha Q, Liu S, Zhou C, Zhang X, Li X, Schatten H, Zhang T, Sun Q, Ou X. Gut microbiota-bile acid-vitamin D axis plays an important role in determining oocyte quality and embryonic development. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1236. [PMID: 37846137 PMCID: PMC10580005 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal whether gut microbiota and their metabolites are correlated with oocyte quality decline caused by circadian rhythm disruption, and to search possible approaches for improving oocyte quality. DESIGN A mouse model exposed to continuous light was established. The oocyte quality, embryonic development, microbial metabolites and gut microbiota were analyzed. Intragastric administration of microbial metabolites was conducted to confirm the relationship between gut microbiota and oocyte quality and embryonic development. RESULTS Firstly, we found that oocyte quality and embryonic development decreased in mice exposed to continuous light. Through metabolomics profiling and 16S rDNA-seq, we found that the intestinal absorption capacity of vitamin D was decreased due to significant decrease of bile acids such as lithocholic acid (LCA), which was significantly associated with increased abundance of Turicibacter. Subsequently, the concentrations of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) hormone in blood and melatonin in follicular fluid were reduced, which is the main reason for the decline of oocyte quality and early embryonic development, and this was rescued by injection of vitamin D3 (VD3). Secondly, melatonin rescued oocyte quality and embryonic development by increasing the concentration of lithocholic acid and reducing the concentration of oxidative stress metabolites in the intestine. Thirdly, we found six metabolites that could rescue oocyte quality and early embryonic development, among which LCA of 30 mg/kg and NorDCA of 15 mg/kg had the best rescue effect. CONCLUSION These findings confirm the link between ovarian function and gut microbiota regulation by microbial metabolites and have potential value for improving ovary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland LivestockCollege of Life SciencesInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Fei Li
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Song
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Zi‐Li Lei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineKey Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic DisorderMinistry of Education of ChinaInstitute of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory for Metabolic DiseasesGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qian‐Qian Sha
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Shao‐Yuan Liu
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Chang‐Yin Zhou
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Xue Zhang
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Zhen Li
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary PathobiologyUniversity of Missouri‐ColumbiaColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Teng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland LivestockCollege of Life SciencesInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Qing‐Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiang‐Hong Ou
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
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Young T, Gale SL, Ragg NLC, Sander SG, Burritt DJ, Benedict B, Le DV, Villas-Bôas SG, Alfaro AC. Metabolic Regulation of Copper Toxicity during Marine Mussel Embryogenesis. Metabolites 2023; 13:838. [PMID: 37512545 PMCID: PMC10385052 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new tools for assessing the health of cultured shellfish larvae is crucial for aquaculture industries to develop and refine hatchery methodologies. We established a large-volume ecotoxicology/health stressor trial, exposing mussel (Perna canaliculus) embryos to copper in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). GC/MS-based metabolomics was applied to identify potential biomarkers for monitoring embryonic/larval health and to characterise mechanisms of metal toxicity. Cellular viability, developmental abnormalities, larval behaviour, mortality, and a targeted analysis of proteins involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species were simultaneously evaluated to provide a complementary framework for interpretative purposes and authenticate the metabolomics data. Trace metal analysis and speciation modelling verified EDTA as an effective copper chelator. Toxicity thresholds for P. canaliculus were low, with 10% developmental abnormalities in D-stage larvae being recorded upon exposure to 1.10 μg·L-1 bioavailable copper for 66 h. Sublethal levels of bioavailable copper (0.04 and 1.10 μg·L-1) caused coordinated fluctuations in metabolite profiles, which were dependent on development stage, treatment level, and exposure duration. Larvae appeared to successfully employ various mechanisms involving the biosynthesis of antioxidants and a restructuring of energy-related metabolism to alleviate the toxic effects of copper on cells and developing tissues. These results suggest that regulation of trace metal-induced toxicity is tightly linked with metabolism during the early ontogenic development of marine mussels. Lethal-level bioavailable copper (50.3 μg·L-1) caused severe metabolic dysregulation after 3 h of exposure, which worsened with time, substantially delayed embryonic development, induced critical oxidative damage, initiated the apoptotic pathway, and resulted in cell/organism death shortly after 18 h of exposure. Metabolite profiling is a useful approach to (1) assess the health status of marine invertebrate embryos and larvae, (2) detect early warning biomarkers for trace metal contamination, and (3) identify novel regulatory mechanisms of copper-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Young
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Sylvia G. Sander
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand
- Marine Mineral Resources Group, Research Division 4: Dynamics of the Ocean Floor, Magmatic and Hydrothermal Systems, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany
| | - David J. Burritt
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, 464 Great King St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Billy Benedict
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand
| | - Dung V. Le
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 000084, Vietnam
| | - Silas G. Villas-Bôas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Andrea C. Alfaro
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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de Melo AD, Freire VAF, Diogo ÍL, Santos HDL, Barbosa LA, de Carvalho LED. Antioxidant Therapy Reduces Oxidative Stress, Restores Na,K-ATPase Function and Induces Neuroprotection in Rodent Models of Seizure and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1397. [PMID: 37507936 PMCID: PMC10376594 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by epileptic seizures resulting from neuronal hyperexcitability, which may be related to failures in Na,K-ATPase activity and oxidative stress participation. We conducted this study to investigate the impact of antioxidant therapy on oxidative stress, Na,K-ATPase activity, seizure factors, and mortality in rodent seizure/epilepsy models induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), pilocarpine (PILO), and kainic acid (KA). After screening 561 records in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases, 22 were included in the systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis included 14 studies and showed that in epileptic animals there was an increase in the oxidizing agents nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), with a reduction in endogenous antioxidants reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SO). The Na,K-ATPase activity was reduced in all areas evaluated. Antioxidant therapy reversed all of these parameters altered by seizure or epilepsy induction. In addition, there was a percentage decrease in the number of seizures and mortality, and a meta-analysis showed a longer seizure latency in animals using antioxidant therapy. Thus, this study suggests that the use of antioxidants promotes neuroprotective effects and mitigates the effects of epilepsy. The protocol was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42022356960.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Dutra de Melo
- Departamento de Ciências e Linguagens, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, Bambui 38900-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victor Antonio Ferreira Freire
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Leonardo Diogo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hérica de Lima Santos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro Augusto Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Guo Z. Ganglioside GM1 and the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119558. [PMID: 37298512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
GM1 is one of the major glycosphingolipids (GSLs) on the cell surface in the central nervous system (CNS). Its expression level, distribution pattern, and lipid composition are dependent upon cell and tissue type, developmental stage, and disease state, which suggests a potentially broad spectrum of functions of GM1 in various neurological and neuropathological processes. The major focus of this review is the roles that GM1 plays in the development and activities of brains, such as cell differentiation, neuritogenesis, neuroregeneration, signal transducing, memory, and cognition, as well as the molecular basis and mechanisms for these functions. Overall, GM1 is protective for the CNS. Additionally, this review has also examined the relationships between GM1 and neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, GM1 gangliosidosis, Huntington's disease, epilepsy and seizure, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, depression, alcohol dependence, etc., and the functional roles and therapeutic applications of GM1 in these disorders. Finally, current obstacles that hinder more in-depth investigations and understanding of GM1 and the future directions in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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The Neuroprotective Effect of GM-1 Ganglioside on the Amyloid-Beta-Induced Oxidative Stress in PC-12 Cells Mediated by Nrf-2/ARE Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2405-2415. [PMID: 35635605 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and progressive memory deficits. Aβ deposition could exacerbate oxidative damage and cellular apoptosis. GM-1 ganglioside (GM-1) has previously been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects in rodents and patients with AD. However, the substantial impacts and mechanism of GM-1 on Aβ-induced oxidative stress remain elusive. The present study used PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells treated with Aβ25-35 peptide to construct the AD model in vitro. Aβ25-35 administration alone inhibited cell viability and facilitated cell apoptosis in the range doses of 10 μM to 30 μM. At the same time, GM-1 supplementation promoted cell proliferation and rescued cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion ranging from 5 to 30 μM. In parallel, GM-1 treatment alleviated Aβ-induced oxidative stress by increasing the level of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). The nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial mediator of antioxidant response. We reported herein that GM-1 could activate Nrf-2 in the PC-12 cells co-treated with Aβ25-35, following with the activated expression of antioxidant response elements (ARE)-mediated antioxidant and detoxifying genes. Consistently, knock-down of Nrf-2 via siRNA abolished the beneficial decrease of Aβ-induced oxidative stress by GM-1 treatment, indicating that GM-1-improved oxidative stress was regulated by the Nrf-2 signaling pathway. Collectively, GM-1 could alleviate Aβ25-35-induced oxidative damage mediated through the Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway, which might be a potential agent for AD treatment.
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Start Me Up: How Can Surrounding Gangliosides Affect Sodium-Potassium ATPase Activity and Steer towards Pathological Ion Imbalance in Neurons? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071518. [PMID: 35884824 PMCID: PMC9313118 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides, amphiphilic glycosphingolipids, tend to associate laterally with other membrane constituents and undergo extensive interactions with membrane proteins in cis or trans configurations. Studies of human diseases resulting from mutations in the ganglioside biosynthesis pathway and research on transgenic mice with the same mutations implicate gangliosides in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Gangliosides are reported to affect the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase, the ubiquitously expressed plasma membrane pump responsible for the stabilization of the resting membrane potential by hyperpolarization, firing up the action potential and ion homeostasis. Impaired Na+/K+-ATPase activity has also been hypothesized to cause seizures by several mechanisms. In this review we present different epileptic phenotypes that are caused by impaired activity of Na+/K+-ATPase or changed membrane ganglioside composition. We further discuss how gangliosides may influence Na+/K+-ATPase activity by acting as lipid sorting machinery providing the optimal stage for Na+/K+-ATPase function. By establishing a distinct lipid environment, together with other membrane lipids, gangliosides possibly modulate Na+/K+-ATPase activity and aid in “starting up” and “turning off” this vital pump. Therefore, structural changes of neuronal membranes caused by altered ganglioside composition can be a contributing factor leading to aberrant Na+/K+-ATPase activity and ion imbalance priming neurons for pathological firing.
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9
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Lauer AA, Grimm HS, Apel B, Golobrodska N, Kruse L, Ratanski E, Schulten N, Schwarze L, Slawik T, Sperlich S, Vohla A, Grimm MOW. Mechanistic Link between Vitamin B12 and Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:129. [PMID: 35053277 PMCID: PMC8774227 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly population, affecting over 55 million people worldwide. Histopathological hallmarks of this multifactorial disease are an increased plaque burden and tangles in the brains of affected individuals. Several lines of evidence indicate that B12 hypovitaminosis is linked to AD. In this review, the biochemical pathways involved in AD that are affected by vitamin B12, focusing on APP processing, Aβ fibrillization, Aβ-induced oxidative damage as well as tau hyperphosphorylation and tau aggregation, are summarized. Besides the mechanistic link, an overview of clinical studies utilizing vitamin B supplementation are given, and a potential link between diseases and medication resulting in a reduced vitamin B12 level and AD are discussed. Besides the disease-mediated B12 hypovitaminosis, the reduction in vitamin B12 levels caused by an increasing change in dietary preferences has been gaining in relevance. In particular, vegetarian and vegan diets are associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, and therefore might have potential implications for AD. In conclusion, our review emphasizes the important role of vitamin B12 in AD, which is particularly important, as even in industrialized countries a large proportion of the population might not be sufficiently supplied with vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrea Lauer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Heike Sabine Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Birgit Apel
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Nataliya Golobrodska
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Lara Kruse
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Elina Ratanski
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Noemi Schulten
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Laura Schwarze
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Thomas Slawik
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Saskia Sperlich
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonia Vohla
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (H.S.G.)
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
- Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
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Zhou L, Liu R, Huang D, Li H, Ning T, Zhang L, Ge S, Bai M, Wang X, Yang Y, Wang X, Chen X, Gao Z, Luo L, Yang Y, Wu X, Deng T, Ba Y. Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside in the treatment of chronic oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: TJMUCH-GI-001, a randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 41:101157. [PMID: 34765950 PMCID: PMC8569480 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) is the most troublesome and dose-limiting side effect of oxaliplatin. There is no effective treatment for chronic OIPN. We conducted a randomised controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) in treating chronic OIPN. METHODS In this single-centre, double-blind, phase Ⅲ trial, gastrointestinal cancer patients with persistent chronic OIPN were randomised in 1:1 ratio to receive either GM1 or placebo at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China. GM1 was dosed at 60 mg daily for every 3 weeks or 40 mg daily for every 2 weeks. Seven- and fourteen- day infusions were administered to concurrent oxaliplatin users and oxaliplatin discontinuation patients, respectively. The primary endpoint was the relief of neurotoxicity (≥30% improvement), measured by a newly developed patient reported outcome measure (MCIPN) based on prior questionnaires including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Questionnaire twenty-item scale. Visual analogue score (VAS) was used as another instrument for patients to evaluate the total Chronic OIPN treatment effect. VAS responders (≥30% improvement), double responders (≥30% improvement in both MCIPN and VAS), and high responders (≥50% improvement in the MCIPN total score) were also calculated. The secondary endpoints were safety and quality of life. The additional endpoints are progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and tumour response. (Trial registration number: NCT02486198 at ClinicalTrials.gov). FINDINGS Between May 2015 to December 2017, 145 patients were randomly assigned to receive either GM1 (n=73) and placebo (n=72). Majority of the patients in both arms (90% in GM1 and 83% in placebo) continued receiving oxaliplatin on the trial. More patients responded in the GM1 group than in the placebo group (MCIPN responders: 53% vs 14%, VAS responders: 49% vs 22%, double responders: 41% vs 7%, and high responders: 32% vs 13%, all P < ·01). Analyses were also performed in concurrent oxaliplatin users. The results were consistent with those of the whole group. No deleterious effects of GM1 on survival or tumour response were found. There were no ≥G3 GM1-related adverse events. INTERPRETATION In patients with chronic OIPN, the use of GM1 reduces the severity of chronic OIPN compared with placebo. FUNDING This work was supported by clinical trial development fund of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital (No.C1706).
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dingzhi Huang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchong Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - XinYi Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingyun Chen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Gao
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Laizhi Luo
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanquan Yang
- Division of medical oncology, the Ohio state university, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xi Wu
- Cancer hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Corresponding author. Yi Ba, Huanhuxi Road 22#, hexi district, Tianjin city, China. Tel.: 8602223340123-1051
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Rodrigues FS, França AP, Broetto N, Furian AF, Oliveira MS, Santos ARS, Royes LFF, Fighera MR. Sustained glial reactivity induced by glutaric acid may be the trigger to learning delay in early and late phases of development: Involvement of p75 NTR receptor and protection by N-acetylcysteine. Brain Res 2020; 1749:147145. [PMID: 33035499 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of striatal neurons and cortical atrophy are pathological characteristics of glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I), a disease characterized by accumulation of glutaric acid (GA). The mechanisms that lead to neuronal loss and cognitive impairment are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to verify if acute exposure to GA during the neonatal period is sufficient to trigger apoptotic processes and lead to learning delay in early and late period. Besides, whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) would protect against impairment induced by GA. Pups mice received a dose of GA (2.5 μmol/ g) or saline, 12 hs after birth, and were treated with NAC (250 mg/kg) or saline, up to 21th day of life. Although GA exhibited deficits in the procedural and working memories in 21 and 40-day-old mice, NAC protected against cognitive impairment. In striatum and cortex, NAC prevented glial cells activation (GFAP and Iba-1), decreased NGF, Bcl-2 and NeuN, the increase of lipid peroxidation and PARP induced by GA in both ages. NAC protected against increased p75NTR induced by GA, but not in cortex of 21-day-old mice. Thus, we showed that the integrity of striatal and cortical pathways has an important role for learning and suggested that sustained glial reactivity in neonatal period can be an initial trigger for delay of cognitive development. Furthermore, NAC protected against cognitive impairment induced by GA. This work shows that early identification of the alterations induced by GA is important to avoid future clinical complications and suggest that NAC could be an adjuvant treatment for this acidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silva Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Angela Patrícia França
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Núbia Broetto
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Adair Roberto Soares Santos
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Wajner M, Vargas CR, Amaral AU. Disruption of mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress contribute to neurologic dysfunction in organic acidurias. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108646. [PMID: 33098870 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic acidurias (OADs) are inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism biochemically characterized by accumulation of short-chain carboxylic acids in tissues and biological fluids of the affected patients and clinically by predominant neurological manifestations. Some of these disorders are amenable to treatment, which significantly decreases mortality and morbidity, but it is still ineffective to prevent long-term neurologic and systemic complications. Although pathogenesis of OADs is still poorly established, recent human and animal data, such as lactic acidosis, mitochondrial morphological alterations, decreased activities of respiratory chain complexes and altered parameters of oxidative stress, found in tissues from patients and from genetic mice models with these diseases indicate that disruption of critical mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress play an important role in their pathophysiology. Furthermore, organic acids that accumulate in the most prevalent OADs were shown to compromise bioenergetics, by decreasing ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing equivalent content and calcium retention capacity, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation and apoptosis. It is therefore presumed that secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress caused by major metabolites accumulating in OADs contribute to tissue damage in these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil
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13
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Sipione S, Monyror J, Galleguillos D, Steinberg N, Kadam V. Gangliosides in the Brain: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Applications. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:572965. [PMID: 33117120 PMCID: PMC7574889 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.572965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids highly abundant in the nervous system, and carry most of the sialic acid residues in the brain. Gangliosides are enriched in cell membrane microdomains ("lipid rafts") and play important roles in the modulation of membrane proteins and ion channels, in cell signaling and in the communication among cells. The importance of gangliosides in the brain is highlighted by the fact that loss of function mutations in ganglioside biosynthetic enzymes result in severe neurodegenerative disorders, often characterized by very early or childhood onset. In addition, changes in the ganglioside profile (i.e., in the relative abundance of specific gangliosides) were reported in healthy aging and in common neurological conditions, including Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, multiple sclerosis and epilepsy. At least in HD, PD and in some forms of epilepsy, experimental evidence strongly suggests a potential role of gangliosides in disease pathogenesis and potential treatment. In this review, we will summarize ganglioside functions that are crucial to maintain brain health, we will review changes in ganglioside levels that occur in major neurological conditions and we will discuss their contribution to cellular dysfunctions and disease pathogenesis. Finally, we will review evidence of the beneficial roles exerted by gangliosides, GM1 in particular, in disease models and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Sipione
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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14
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Redistribution of gangliosides accompanies thermally induced Na +, K +-ATPase activity alternation and submembrane localisation in mouse brain. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1863:183475. [PMID: 32956659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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Brüning CA, Rosa SG, Quines CB, Magni DV, Nonemacher NT, Bortolatto CF, Nogueira CW. The role of nitric oxide in glutaric acid-induced convulsive behavior in pup rats. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:3738-3745. [PMID: 32459863 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutaric acidaemia type I (GA-I) is a cerebral organic disorder characterized by the accumulation of glutaric acid (GA) and seizures. As seizures are precipitated in children with GA-I and the mechanisms underlying this disorder are not well established, we decided to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in GA-induced convulsive behaviour in pup rats. Pup male Wistar rats (18-day-old) were anesthetized and placed in stereotaxic apparatus for cannula insertion into the striatum for injection of GA. The experiments were performed 3 days after surgery (pup rats 21-day-old). An inhibitor of NO synthesis (N-G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester-L-NAME, 40 mg/kg) or saline (vehicle) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the intrastriatal injection of GA (1 µl, 1.3 µmol/striatum) or saline. Immediately after the intrastriatal injections, the latency and duration of seizures were recorded for 20 min. The administration of L-NAME significantly increased the latency to the first seizure episode and reduced the duration of seizures induced by GA in pup rats. The administration of the NO precursor l-arginine (L-ARG; 80 mg/kg) prevented the effects of L-NAME. Besides, GA significantly increased nitrate and nitrite (NOx) levels in the striatum of pup rats and the preadministration of L-NAME prevented this alteration. L-ARG blocked the reduction of striatal NOx provoked by L-NAME. These results are experimental evidence that NO plays a role in the seizures induced by GA in pup rats, being valuable in understanding the physiopathology of neurological signs observed in children with this organic acidaemia and to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Augusto Brüning
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Neuropharmacology (LABIONEM), Neurobiotechnology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting (PPGBBio), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences (CCQFA), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Suzan Gonçalves Rosa
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Caroline Brandão Quines
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Danieli Valnes Magni
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Natália Tavares Nonemacher
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Neuropharmacology (LABIONEM), Neurobiotechnology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting (PPGBBio), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences (CCQFA), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Cristiani Folharini Bortolatto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Neuropharmacology (LABIONEM), Neurobiotechnology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting (PPGBBio), Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences (CCQFA), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
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da Fonsêca DV, da Silva Maia Bezerra Filho C, Lima TC, de Almeida RN, de Sousa DP. Anticonvulsant Essential Oils and Their Relationship with Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E835. [PMID: 31817682 PMCID: PMC6995584 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a most disabling neurological disorder affecting all age groups. Among the various mechanisms that may result in epilepsy, neuronal hyperexcitability and oxidative injury produced by an excessive formation of free radicals may play a role in the development of this pathology. Therefore, new treatment approaches are needed to address resistant conditions that do not respond fully to current antiepileptic drugs. This paper reviews studies on the anticonvulsant activities of essential oils and their chemical constituents. Data from studies published from January 2011 to December 2018 was selected from the PubMed database for examination. The bioactivity of 19 essential oils and 16 constituents is described. Apiaceae and Lamiaceae were the most promising botanical families due to the largest number of reports about plant species from these families that produce anticonvulsant essential oils. Among the evaluated compounds, β-caryophyllene, borneol, eugenol and nerolidol were the constituents that presented antioxidant properties related to anticonvulsant action. These data show the potential of these natural products as health promoting agents and use against various types of seizure disorders. Their properties on oxidative stress may contribute to the control of this neurological condition. However, further studies on the toxicological profile and mechanism of action of essential oils are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Vilar da Fonsêca
- College of Medicine, Federal University of the Vale do São Francisco, Paulo Afonso, BA, CEP 48607-190, Brazil;
| | | | - Tamires Cardoso Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, CEP 49100-000, Brazil;
| | - Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, CEP 58051-970, Brazil;
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, CEP 58051-970, Brazil;
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Wang DS, Wang ZQ, Chen G, Peng JW, Wang W, Deng YH, Wang FH, Zhang JW, Liang HL, Feng F, Xie CB, Ren C, Jin Y, Shi SM, Fan WH, Lu ZH, Ding PR, Wang F, Xu RH, Li YH. Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside for the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in stage II/III colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 9:151-159. [PMID: 31724334 PMCID: PMC6943144 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) is a neuroprotective glycosphingolipid that repairs nerves. Oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy is neurotoxic. This study assessed the efficacy of GM1 for preventing oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy. Methods In total, 196 patients with stage II/III CRC undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6 were randomly assigned to intravenous GM1 or a placebo. The primary endpoint was the rate of grade 2 or worse cumulative neurotoxicity (NCI‐CTCAE). The secondary endpoints were chronic cumulative neurotoxicity (EORTCQLQ‐CIPN20), time to grade 2 neurotoxicity (NCI‐CTCAE or the oxaliplatin‐specific neuropathy scale), acute neurotoxicity (analog scale), rates of dose reduction or withdrawal due to OIPN, 3‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and adverse events. Results There were no significant differences between the arms in the rate of NCI‐CTCAE grade 2 or worse neurotoxicity (GM1: 33.7% vs placebo: 31.6%; P = .76) or neuropathy measured by the EORTCQLQ‐CIPN20 or time to grade 2 neurotoxicity using NCI‐CTCAE and the oxaliplatin‐specific neuropathy scale. GM1 substantially decreased participant‐reported acute neurotoxicity (sensitivity to cold items [P < .01], discomfort swallowing cold liquids [P < .01], throat discomfort [P < .01], muscle cramps [P < .01]). The rates of dose reduction or withdrawal were not significantly different between the arms (P = .08). The 3‐year DFS rates were 85% and 83% in the GM1 and placebo arms, respectively (P = .19). There were no differences in toxicity between the arms. Conclusion Patients receiving GM1 were less troubled by the symptoms of acute neuropathy. However, we do not support the use of GM1 to prevent cumulative neurotoxicity. (http://ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02251977).
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Shen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Wei Wang
- The First People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Deng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Fen Feng
- The First People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | - Chuan-Bo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Mei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Kotlar I, Rangel-López E, Colonnello A, Aguilera-Portillo G, Serratos IN, Galván-Arzate S, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Túnez I, Wajner M, Santamaría A. Anandamide Reduces the Toxic Synergism Exerted by Quinolinic Acid and Glutaric Acid in Rat Brain Neuronal Cells. Neuroscience 2019; 401:84-95. [PMID: 30668975 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulates several physiological processes in the Central Nervous System, including the modulation of neuronal excitability via activation of cannabinoid receptors (CBr). Both glutaric acid (GA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) are endogenous metabolites that, under pathological conditions, recruit common toxic mechanisms. A synergistic effect between them has already been demonstrated, supporting potential implications for glutaric acidemia type I (GA I). Here we investigated the possible involvement of a cannabinoid component in the toxic model exerted by QUIN + GA in rat cortical slices and primary neuronal cell cultures. The effects of the CB1 receptor agonist anandamide (AEA), and the fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597, were tested on cell viability in cortical brain slices and primary neuronal cultures exposed to QUIN, GA, or QUIN + GA. As a pre-treatment to the QUIN + GA condition, AEA prevented the loss of cell viability in both preparations. URB597 only protected in a moderate manner the cultured neuronal cells against the QUIN + GA-induced damage. The use of the CB1 receptor reverse agonist AM251 in both biological preparations prevented partially the protective effects exerted by AEA, thus suggesting a partial role of CB1 receptors in this toxic model. AEA also prevented the cell damage and apoptotic death induced by the synergic model in cell cultures. Altogether, these findings demonstrate a modulatory role of the ECS on the synergic toxic actions exerted by QUIN + GA, thus providing key information for the understanding of the pathophysiological events occurring in GA I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Kotlar
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Rangel-López
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aline Colonnello
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Aguilera-Portillo
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iris N Serratos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia Galván-Arzate
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico.
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19
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Rodrigues FS, de Zorzi VN, Funghetto MP, Haupental F, Cardoso AS, Marchesan S, Cardoso AM, Schinger MRC, Machado AK, da Cruz IBM, Duarte MMMF, Xavier LL, Furian AF, Oliveira MS, Santos ARS, Royes LFF, Fighera MR. Involvement of the Cholinergic Parameters and Glial Cells in Learning Delay Induced by Glutaric Acid: Protection by N-Acetylcysteine. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4945-4959. [PMID: 30421167 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of basal ganglia neurons is a characteristic of glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I), an autosomal recessive inherited neurometabolic disease characterized by deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) and accumulation of glutaric acid (GA). The affected patients present clinical manifestations such as motor dysfunction and memory impairment followed by extensive striatal neurodegeneration. Knowing that there is relevant striatal dysfunction in GA-I, the purpose of the present study was to verify the performance of young rats chronically injected with GA in working and procedural memory test, and whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) would protect against impairment induced by GA. Rat pups were injected with GA (5 μmol g body weight-1, subcutaneously; twice per day; from the 5th to the 28th day of life) and were supplemented with NAC (150 mg/kg/day; intragastric gavage; for the same period). We found that GA injection caused delay procedural learning; increase of cytokine concentration, oxidative markers, and caspase levels; decrease of antioxidant defenses; and alteration of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Interestingly, we found an increase in glial cell immunoreactivity and decrease in the immunoreactivity of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 7 (α7nAChR), and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) in the striatum. Indeed, NAC administration improved the cognitive performance, ROS production, neuroinflammation, and caspase activation induced by GA. NAC did not prevent neuronal death, however protected against alterations induced by GA on Iba-1 and GFAP immunoreactivities and AChE activity. Then, this study suggests possible therapeutic strategies that could help in GA-I treatment and the importance of the striatum in the learning tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silva Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Viviane Nogueira de Zorzi
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marla Parizzi Funghetto
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Haupental
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Seide Cardoso
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Andréia M Cardoso
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schinger
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alencar Kolinski Machado
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Duarte
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Léder L Xavier
- Faculdade de Biociências, Laboratório Central de Microscopia e Microanálise, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Furian
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Adair Roberto Soares Santos
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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20
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Gabbi P, Nogueira V, Haupental F, Rodrigues FS, do Nascimento PS, Barbosa S, Arend J, Furian AF, Oliveira MS, Dos Santos ARS, Royes LFF, Fighera MR. Ammonia role in glial dysfunction in methylmalonic acidemia. Toxicol Lett 2018; 295:237-248. [PMID: 30008432 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyperammonemia is a common finding in patients with methylmalonic acidemia. However, its contribution to methylmalonate (MMA)-induced neurotoxicity is poorly understood. The aim of this study was evaluate whether an acute metabolic damage to brain during the neonatal period may disrupt cerebral development, leading to neurodevelopmental disorders, as memory deficit. Mice received a single intracerebroventricular dose of MMA and/or NH4Cl, administered 12 hs after birth. The maze tests showed that MMA and NH4Cl injected animals (21 and 40 days old) exhibited deficit in the working memory test, but not in the reference memory test. Furthermore, MMA and NH4Cl increased the levels of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCF), TNF-α, IL-1β in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum of mice. MMA and NH4Cl also increased glial proliferation in all structures. Since the treatment of MMA and ammonia increased cytokines levels, we suggested that it might be a consequence of the glial activation induced by the acid and ammonia, leading to delay in the developing brain and contributing to behavioral alterations. However, this hypothesis is speculative in nature and more studies are needed to clarify this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gabbi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFSM, Brazil
| | - Viviane Nogueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFSM, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Haupental
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFSM, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil; Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFSM, Brazil
| | - Patricia Severo do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, UFRGS, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Barbosa
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, UFRGS, Brazil
| | - Josi Arend
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFSM, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil
| | - Adair Roberto Soares Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, UFSM, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil; Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFSM, Brazil.
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Dimpfel W, Franklin R, Gericke N, Schombert L. Effect of Zembrin ® and four of its alkaloid constituents on electric excitability of the rat hippocampus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 223:135-141. [PMID: 29758341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sceletium tortuosum (Mesembryanthemaceae), a succulent plant indigenous to South Africa. is consumed in the form of teas, decoctions and tinctures and is sometimes smoked and used as snuff. In recent years, Sceletium has received a great deal of commercial interest for relieving stress in healthy people, and for treating a broad range of psychological, psychiatric and inflammatory conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The whole extract (Zembrin®) was tested ex vivo in the hippocampus slice preparation after one week of daily oral administration of 5 and 10 mg/kg. Four alkaloids - mesembrine, mesembranol, mesembrenol and mesembrenone - were tested directly in vitro. All four were also tested in the presence of different glutamate receptor agonists. RESULTS Zembrin® ex vivo as well as all alkaloids in vitro attenuated the amplitude of the population spike during electric stimulation as single shock as well as theta burst stimulation. Only Mesembranol and Mesembrenol having a hydroxyl group at position C6 instead of carbonyl group as in mesembrine and mesembrenone acted by attenuation of AMPA receptor mediated transmission as documented for the whole extract. DISCUSSION The current experimental series revealed a new physiological effect of Zembrin® on the electric activity of the hippocampus. Attenuation of AMPA mediated transmission has been related to successful adjunctive treatment of epileptic patients. Administered doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg are in line with a dosage of 50 mg/subject as tested clinically. CONCLUSION We have discovered a new structure activity relationship for Sceletium alkaloids. Since attenuation of AMPA mediated transmission has been related to successful adjunctive treatment of epileptic patients), Mesembrenol and Mesembranol may serve as new chemical leads for the development of new drugs for the treatment of epilepsy.
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22
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Pearson-Smith JN, Patel M. Metabolic Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112365. [PMID: 29117123 PMCID: PMC5713334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The epilepsies are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the propensity to experience spontaneous recurrent seizures. Epilepsies can be genetic or acquired, and the underlying mechanisms of seizure initiation, seizure propagation, and comorbid conditions are incompletely understood. Metabolic changes including the production of reactive species are known to result from prolonged seizures and may also contribute to epilepsy development. In this review, we focus on the evidence that metabolic and redox disruption is both cause and consequence of epileptic seizures. Additionally, we discuss the promise of targeting redox processes as a therapeutic option in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Pearson-Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Manisha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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23
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Pierozan P, Colín-González AL, Biasibetti H, da Silva JC, Wyse A, Wajner M, Santamaria A. Toxic Synergism Between Quinolinic Acid and Glutaric Acid in Neuronal Cells Is Mediated by Oxidative Stress: Insights to a New Toxic Model. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:5362-5376. [PMID: 28936789 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that synergistic toxic effects of quinolinic acid (QUIN) and glutaric acid (GA), both in isolated nerve endings and in vivo conditions, suggest the contribution of these metabolites to neurodegeneration. However, this synergism still requires a detailed characterization of the mechanisms involved in cell damage during its occurrence. In this study, the effects of subtoxic concentrations of QUIN and/or GA were tested in neuronal cultures, co-cultures (neuronal cells + astrocytes), and mixed cultures (neuronal cells + astrocytes + microglia) from rat cortex and striatum. The exposure of different cortical and striatal cell cultures to QUIN + GA resulted in cell death and stimulated different markers of oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation; changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase; and depletion of endogenous antioxidants such as -SH groups and glutathione. The co-incubation of neuronal cultures with QUIN + GA plus the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist MK-801 prevented cell death but not ROS formation, whereas the antioxidant melatonin reduced both parameters. Our results demonstrated that QUIN and GA can create synergistic scenarios, inducing toxic effects on some parameters of cell viability via the stimulation of oxidative damage. Therefore, it is likely that oxidative stress may play a major causative role in the synergistic actions exerted by QUIN + GA in a variety of cell culture conditions involving the interaction of different neural types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pierozan
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Colín-González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877, 14269, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Helena Biasibetti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Janaina Camacho da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Wyse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877, 14269, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877, 14269, Mexico City, Mexico.
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24
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Franco DA, Truran S, Weissig V, Guzman-Villanueva D, Karamanova N, Senapati S, Burciu C, Ramirez-Alvarado M, Blancas-Mejia LM, Lindsay S, Hari P, Migrino RQ. Monosialoganglioside-Containing Nanoliposomes Restore Endothelial Function Impaired by AL Amyloidosis Light Chain Proteins. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003318. [PMID: 27412900 PMCID: PMC4937272 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is associated with high mortality, especially in patients with advanced cardiovascular involvement. It is caused by toxicity of misfolded light chain proteins (LC) in vascular, cardiac, and other tissues. There is no treatment to reverse LC tissue toxicity. We tested the hypothesis that nanoliposomes composed of monosialoganglioside, phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol (GM1 ganglioside-containing nanoliposomes [NLGM1]) can protect against LC-induced human microvascular dysfunction and assess mechanisms behind the protective effect. METHODS AND RESULTS The dilator responses of ex vivo abdominal adipose arterioles from human participants without AL to acetylcholine and papaverine were measured before and after exposure to LC (20 μg/mL) with or without NLGM1 (1:10 ratio for LC:NLGM1 mass). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed for 18 to 20 hours to vehicle, LC with or without NLGM1, or NLGM1 and compared for oxidative and nitrative stress response and cellular viability. LC impaired arteriole dilator response to acetylcholine, which was restored by co-treatment with NLGM1. LC decreased endothelial cell nitric oxide production and cell viability while increasing superoxide and peroxynitrite; these adverse effects were reversed by NLGM1. NLGM1 increased endothelial cell protein expression of antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase 1 and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 and increased nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf-2) protein. Nrf-2 gene knockdown reduced antioxidant stress response and reversed the protective effects of NLGM1. CONCLUSIONS NLGM1 protects against LC-induced human microvascular endothelial dysfunction through increased nitric oxide bioavailability and reduced oxidative and nitrative stress mediated by Nrf-2-dependent antioxidant stress response. These findings point to a potential novel therapeutic approach for light chain amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth Truran
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | | | | | - Camelia Burciu
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | | | | | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ
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Draguta S, Fonari MS, Bejagam SN, Storms K, Lindline J, Timofeeva TV. Structural similarities and diversity in a series of crystalline solids composed of 2-aminopyridines and glutaric acid. Struct Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-016-0781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Seminotti B, Amaral AU, Ribeiro RT, Rodrigues MDN, Colín-González AL, Leipnitz G, Santamaría A, Wajner M. Oxidative Stress, Disrupted Energy Metabolism, and Altered Signaling Pathways in Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase Knockout Mice: Potential Implications of Quinolinic Acid Toxicity in the Neuropathology of Glutaric Acidemia Type I. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:6459-6475. [PMID: 26607633 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of an acute intrastriatal QUIN administration on cellular redox and bioenergetics homeostasis, as well as on important signaling pathways in the striatum of wild-type (Gcdh +/+ , WT) and knockout mice for glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (Gcdh -/- ) fed a high lysine (Lys, 4.7 %) chow. QUIN increased lactate release in both Gcdh +/+ and Gcdh -/- mice and reduced the activities of complex IV and creatine kinase only in the striatum of Gcdh -/- mice. QUIN also induced lipid and protein oxidative damage and increased the generation of reactive nitrogen species, as well as the activities of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase 2, and glutathione-S-transferase in WT and Gcdh -/- animals. Furthermore, QUIN induced DCFH oxidation (reactive oxygen species production) and reduced GSH concentrations (antioxidant defenses) in Gcdh -/- . An early increase of Akt and phospho-Erk 1/2 in the cytosol and Nrf2 in the nucleus was also observed, as well as a decrease of cytosolic Keap1caused by QUIN, indicating activation of the Nrf2 pathway mediated by Akt and phospho-Erk 1/2, possibly as a compensatory protective mechanism against the ongoing QUIN-induced toxicity. Finally, QUIN increased NF-κB and diminished IκBα expression, evidencing a pro-inflammatory response. Our data show a disruption of energy and redox homeostasis associated to inflammation induced by QUIN in the striatum of Gcdh -/- mice submitted to a high Lys diet. Therefore, it is presumed that QUIN may possibly contribute to the pathophysiology of striatal degeneration in children with glutaric aciduria type I during inflammatory processes triggered by infections or vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Seminotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marília Danyelle Nunes Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Colín-González
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, SSA, México, DF, México
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, SSA, México, DF, México
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos N° 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Experimental evidence that overexpression of NR2B glutamate receptor subunit is associated with brain vacuolation in adult glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice: A potential role for glutamatergic-induced excitotoxicity in GA I neuropathology. J Neurol Sci 2015; 359:133-40. [PMID: 26671102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (GA I) is biochemically characterized by accumulation of glutaric and 3-hydroxyglutaric acids in body fluids and tissues, particularly in the brain. Affected patients show progressive cortical leukoencephalopathy and chronic degeneration of the basal ganglia whose pathogenesis is still unclear. In the present work we investigated parameters of bioenergetics and redox homeostasis in various cerebral structures (cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus) and heart of adult wild type (Gcdh(+/+)) and glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient knockout (Gcdh(-/-)) mice fed a baseline chow. Oxidative stress parameters were also measured after acute lysine overload. Finally, mRNA expression of NMDA subunits and GLT1 transporter was determined in cerebral cortex and striatum of these animals fed a baseline or high lysine (4.7%) chow. No significant alterations of bioenergetics or redox status were observed in these mice. In contrast, mRNA expression of the NR2B glutamate receptor subunit and of the GLT1 glutamate transporter was higher in cerebral cortex of Gcdh(-/-) mice. Furthermore, NR2B expression was markedly elevated in striatum of Gcdh(-/-) animals receiving chronic Lys overload. These data indicate higher susceptibility of Gcdh(-/-) mice to excitotoxic damage, implying that this pathomechanism may contribute to the cortical and striatum alterations observed in GA I patients.
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Zakharova IO, Sokolova TV, Akhmetshina AO, Avrova NF. Role of Protein Kinase Akt Activation in Protective Effect of Ganglioside GM1 on PC12 Cells Exposed to H2O2. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 159:610-3. [PMID: 26459480 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-3026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Micro- and nanomolar concentrations of ganglioside GM1 improved viability of neuronal PC12 cells under conditions of oxidative stress and reduced H2O2-induced ROS accumulation in these cells. These effects were more pronounced at micromolar concentrations. GM1 in concentrations of 100 nM and 10 μM significantly and substantially increased basal activity of protein kinase B (Akt) (the level of phosphorylated Akt form), but had virtually no effect on its expression in PC12 cells. In the presence of PI3K inhibitor LY294002 preventing protein kinase Akt activation, the protective effect of GM1 significantly decreased. These findings suggest that activation of protein kinase Akt by GM1 contributes to improvement of PC12 cell viability by this ganglioside.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Zakharova
- Laboratory of Comparative Chemistry, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutional Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T V Sokolova
- Laboratory of Comparative Chemistry, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutional Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A O Akhmetshina
- Laboratory of Comparative Chemistry, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutional Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N F Avrova
- Laboratory of Comparative Chemistry, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutional Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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Colín-González AL, Paz-Loyola AL, Serratos IN, Seminotti B, Ribeiro CAJ, Leipnitz G, Souza DO, Wajner M, Santamaría A. The effect of WIN 55,212-2 suggests a cannabinoid-sensitive component in the early toxicity induced by organic acids accumulating in glutaric acidemia type I and in related disorders of propionate metabolism in rat brain synaptosomes. Neuroscience 2015; 310:578-88. [PMID: 26431622 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several physiological processes in the CNS are regulated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoid receptors (CBr) and CBr agonists have been involved in the modulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) activation. Glutaric (GA), 3-hydroxyglutaric (3-OHGA), methylmalonic (MMA) and propionic (PA) acids are endogenous metabolites produced and accumulated in the brain of children affected by severe organic acidemias (OAs) with neurodegeneration. Oxidative stress and excitotoxicity have been involved in the toxic pattern exerted by these organic acids. Studying the early pattern of toxicity exerted by these metabolites is crucial to explain the extent of damage that they can produce in the brain. Herein, we investigated the effects of the synthetic CBr agonist WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) on early markers of GA-, 3-OHGA-, MMA- and PA-induced toxicity in brain synaptosomes from adult (90-day-old) and adolescent (30-day-old) rats. As pre-treatment, WIN exerted protective effects on the GA- and MMA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and prevented the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipid peroxidation induced by all metabolites. Our findings support a protective and modulatory role of cannabinoids in the early toxic events elicited by toxic metabolites involved in OAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Colín-González
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A L Paz-Loyola
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - I N Serratos
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - B Seminotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C A J Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - G Leipnitz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - D O Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - A Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico.
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30
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Amaral AU, Cecatto C, Seminotti B, Ribeiro CA, Lagranha VL, Pereira CC, de Oliveira FH, de Souza DG, Goodman S, Woontner M, Wajner M. Experimental evidence that bioenergetics disruption is not mainly involved in the brain injury of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice submitted to lysine overload. Brain Res 2015; 1620:116-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Bayunova LV, Parnova RG, Avrova NF. Antiapoptotic effect of gangliosides on PC12 cells exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093015020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chevallier OP, Graham SF, Alonso E, Duffy C, Silke J, Campbell K, Botana LM, Elliott CT. New insights into the causes of human illness due to consumption of azaspiracid contaminated shellfish. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9818. [PMID: 25928256 PMCID: PMC4415421 DOI: 10.1038/srep09818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Azaspiracid (AZA) poisoning was unknown until 1995 when shellfish harvested in Ireland caused illness manifesting by vomiting and diarrhoea. Further in vivo/vitro studies showed neurotoxicity linked with AZA exposure. However, the biological target of the toxin which will help explain such potent neurological activity is still unknown. A region of Irish coastline was selected and shellfish were sampled and tested for AZA using mass spectrometry. An outbreak was identified in 2010 and samples collected before and after the contamination episode were compared for their metabolite profile using high resolution mass spectrometry. Twenty eight ions were identified at higher concentration in the contaminated samples. Stringent bioinformatic analysis revealed putative identifications for seven compounds including, glutarylcarnitine, a glutaric acid metabolite. Glutaric acid, the parent compound linked with human neurological manifestations was subjected to toxicological investigations but was found to have no specific effect on the sodium channel (as was the case with AZA). However in combination, glutaric acid (1mM) and azaspiracid (50nM) inhibited the activity of the sodium channel by over 50%. Glutaric acid was subsequently detected in all shellfish employed in the study. For the first time a viable mechanism for how AZA manifests itself as a toxin is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Chevallier
- Advanced Asset Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - S F Graham
- Beaumont Research Institute, 3811 W Thirteen Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI, 48073
| | - E Alonso
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Lugo, USC, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - C Duffy
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | - J Silke
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | - K Campbell
- Advanced Asset Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - L M Botana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Lugo, USC, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - C T Elliott
- Advanced Asset Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
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Nikolaeva S, Bayunova L, Sokolova T, Vlasova Y, Bachteeva V, Avrova N, Parnova R. GM1 and GD1a gangliosides modulate toxic and inflammatory effects of E. coli lipopolysaccharide by preventing TLR4 translocation into lipid rafts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1851:239-47. [PMID: 25499607 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous gangliosides are known to inhibit the effects of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in different cells exhibiting anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. The mechanisms underlying ganglioside action are not fully understood. Because LPS recognition and receptor complex formation occur in lipid rafts, and gangliosides play a key role in their maintenance, we hypothesize that protective effects of exogenous gangliosides would depend on inhibition of LPS signaling via prevention of TLR4 translocation into lipid rafts. The effect of GM1 and GD1a gangliosides on LPS-induced toxic and inflammatory reactions in PC12 cells, and in epithelial cells isolated from the frog urinary bladder, was studied. In PC12 cells, GD1a and GM1 significantly reduced the effect of LPS on the decrease of cell survival and on stimulation of reactive oxygen species production. In epithelial cells, gangliosides decreased LPS-stimulated iNOS expression, NO, and PGE2 production. Subcellular fractionation, in combination with immunoblotting, showed that pretreatment of cells with GM1, GD1a, or methyl-β-cyclodextrin, completely eliminated the effect of LPS on translocation of TLR4 into lipid rafts. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that ganglioside-induced prevention of TLR4 translocation into lipid rafts could be a mechanism of protection against LPS in various cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nikolaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Lubov Bayunova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Sokolova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yulia Vlasova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vera Bachteeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Avrova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Rimma Parnova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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Sokolova TV, Rychkova MP, Avrova NF. Protective effect of GM1 ganglioside against toxic effect of glutamate on cerebellar granule cells. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209301405010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jung ME, Metzger DB. Aberrant histone acetylation promotes mitochondrial respiratory suppression in the brain of alcoholic rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 352:258-66. [PMID: 25406171 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.219311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The acetylation of histone proteins in the core of DNA regulates gene expression, including those affecting mitochondria. Both histone acetylation and mitochondrial deficit have been implicated in neuronal damage associated with drinking problems. Many alcoholics will repeat unsuccessful attempts at abstaining, developing a pattern of repeated drinking and withdrawal. We investigated whether aberrant histone acetylation contributes to mitochondrial and cellular damage induced by repeated ethanol withdrawal (EW). We also investigated whether this effect of histone acetylation involves let-7f, a small noncoding RNA (microRNA). Male rats received two cycles of an ethanol/control diet (7.5%, 4 weeks) and withdrawal. Their prefrontal cortex was collected to measure the mitochondrial respiration and histone acetylation using extracellular flux (XF) real-time respirometry and gold immunostaining, respectively. Separately, HT22 (mouse hippocampal) cells received two cycles of ethanol exposure (100 mM, 20 hours) and withdrawal. Trichostatin A (TSA) as a histone acetylation promoter and let-7f antagomir were applied during withdrawal. The mitochondrial respiration, let-7f level, and cell viability were assessed using XF respirometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, TaqMan let-7f primers, and a calcein-acetoxymethyl assay, respectively. Repeated ethanol withdrawn rats showed a more than 2-fold increase in histone acetylation, accompanied by mitochondrial respiratory suppression. EW-induced mitochondrial respiratory suppression was exacerbated by TSA treatment in a manner that was attenuated by let-7f antagomir cotreatment. TSA treatment did not alter the increasing effect of EW on the let-7f level but dramatically exacerbated the cell death induced by EW. These data suggest that the multiple episodes of withdrawal from chronic ethanol impede mitochondrial and cellular integrity through upregulating histone acetylation, independent of or additively with let-7f.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna E Jung
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Daniel B Metzger
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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Zakharova IO, Sokolova TV, Vlasova YA, Furaev VV, Rychkova MP, Avrova NF. GM1 ganglioside activates ERK1/2 and Akt downstream of Trk tyrosine kinase and protects PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide toxicity. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:2262-75. [PMID: 25216715 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ganglioside GM1 at micro- and nanomolar concentrations was shown to increase the viability of pheochromocytoma PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide and diminish the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative inactivation of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, the effects of micromolar GM1 being more pronounced than those of nanomolar GM1. These effects of GM1 were abolished by Trk receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and diminished by MEK1/2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase C inhibitors. Hydrogen peroxide activates Trk tyrosine kinase; Akt and ERK1/2 are activated downstream of this protein kinase. GM1 was found to activate Trk receptor tyrosine kinase in PC12 cells. GM1 (100 nM and 10 µM) increased the basal activity of Akt, but did not change Akt activity in cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Basal ERK1/2 activity in PC12 cells was increased by GM1 at a concentration of 10 µM, but not at nanomolar concentrations. Activation of ERK1/2 by hydrogen peroxide was enhanced by GM1 at a concentration of 10 µM and to a lesser extent at a concentration of 100 nM. Thus, the protective and metabolic effects of GM1 ganglioside on PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide appear to depend on the activation of Trk receptor tyrosine kinase and downstream activation of Akt and ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina O Zakharova
- Department of Comparative Neurochemistry, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez Avenue, 44, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russian Federation
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Seminotti B, Ribeiro RT, Amaral AU, da Rosa MS, Pereira CC, Leipnitz G, Koeller DM, Goodman S, Woontner M, Wajner M. Acute lysine overload provokes protein oxidative damage and reduction of antioxidant defenses in the brain of infant glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice: A role for oxidative stress in GA I neuropathology. J Neurol Sci 2014; 344:105-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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38
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Lagranha VL, Matte U, de Carvalho TG, Seminotti B, Pereira CC, Koeller DM, Woontner M, Goodman SI, de Souza DOG, Wajner M. Increased glutamate receptor and transporter expression in the cerebral cortex and striatum of gcdh-/- mice: possible implications for the neuropathology of glutaric acidemia type I. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90477. [PMID: 24594605 PMCID: PMC3942441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We determined mRNA expression of the ionotropic glutamate receptors NMDA (NR1, NR2A and NR2B subunits), AMPA (GluR2 subunit) and kainate (GluR6 subunit), as well as of the glutamate transporters GLAST and GLT1 in cerebral cortex and striatum of wild type (WT) and glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient (Gchh-/-) mice aged 7, 30 and 60 days. The protein expression levels of some of these membrane proteins were also measured. Overexpression of NR2A and NR2B in striatum and of GluR2 and GluR6 in cerebral cortex was observed in 7-day-old Gcdh-/-. There was also an increase of mRNA expression of all NMDA subunits in cerebral cortex and of NR2A and NR2B in striatum of 30-day-old Gcdh-/- mice. At 60 days of life, all ionotropic receptors were overexpressed in cerebral cortex and striatum of Gcdh-/- mice. Higher expression of GLAST and GLT1 transporters was also verified in cerebral cortex and striatum of Gcdh-/- mice aged 30 and 60 days, whereas at 7 days of life GLAST was overexpressed only in striatum from this mutant mice. Furthermore, high lysine intake induced mRNA overexpression of NR2A, NR2B and GLAST transcripts in striatum, as well as of GluR2 and GluR6 in both striatum and cerebral cortex of Gcdh-/- mice. Finally, we found that the protein expression of NR2A, NR2B, GLT1 and GLAST were significantly greater in cerebral cortex of Gcdh-/- mice, whereas NR2B and GLT1 was similarly enhanced in striatum, implying that these transcripts were translated into their products. These results provide evidence that glutamate receptor and transporter expression is higher in Gcdh-/- mice and that these alterations may be involved in the pathophysiology of GA I and possibly explain, at least in part, the vulnerability of striatum and cerebral cortex to injury in patients affected by GA I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeska Lizzi Lagranha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Centro de Terapia Gênica, Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Talita Giacomet de Carvalho
- Centro de Terapia Gênica, Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bianca Seminotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carolina Coffi Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - David M. Koeller
- Departments of Pediatrics, Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michael Woontner
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Stephen I. Goodman
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Diogo Onofre Gomes de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Shin MK, Jung WR, Kim HG, Roh SE, Kwak CH, Kim CH, Kim SJ, Kim KL. The ganglioside GQ1b regulates BDNF expression via the NMDA receptor signaling pathway. Neuropharmacology 2014; 77:414-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Sasazawa F, Onodera T, Yamashita T, Seito N, Tsukuda Y, Fujitani N, Shinohara Y, Iwasaki N. Depletion of gangliosides enhances cartilage degradation in mice. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:313-22. [PMID: 24333297 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are ubiquitous membrane components that play a functional role in maintaining chondrocyte homeostasis. We investigated the potential role of gangliosides, one of the major components of GSLs, in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. DESIGN Both age-associated and instability-induced OA models were generated using GM3 synthase knockout (GM3S(-/-)) mice. A cartilage degradation model and transiently GM3S-transfected chondrocytes were analyzed to evaluate the function of gangliosides in OA development. The amount of each series of GSLs in chondrocytes after IL-1α stimulation was profiled using mass spectrometry (MS). RESULTS OA changes in GM3S(-/-) mice were dramatically enhanced with aging compared to those in wild-type (WT) mice. GM3S(-/-) mice showed more severe instability-induced pathologic OA in vivo. Ganglioside deficiency also led to the induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and ADAMTS-5 secretion and chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro. In contrast, transient GM3S transfection of chondrocytes suppressed MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 expression after interleukin (IL)-1α stimulation. GSL profiling revealed the presence of abundant gangliosides in chondrocytes after IL-1α stimulation. CONCLUSION Gangliosides play a critical role in OA pathogenesis by regulating the expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 and chondrocyte apoptosis. Based on the obtained results, we propose that gangliosides are potential target molecules for the development of novel OA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sasazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - T Onodera
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - T Yamashita
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Azabu University, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - N Seito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Y Tsukuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - N Fujitani
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Y Shinohara
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - N Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Rodrigues FS, Souza MA, Magni DV, Ferreira APO, Mota BC, Cardoso AM, Paim M, Xavier LL, Ferreira J, Schetinger MRC, Da Costa JC, Royes LFF, Fighera MR. N-acetylcysteine prevents spatial memory impairment induced by chronic early postnatal glutaric acid and lipopolysaccharide in rat pups. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78332. [PMID: 24205200 PMCID: PMC3813430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Glutaric aciduria type I (GA-I) is characterized by accumulation of glutaric acid (GA) and neurological symptoms, such as cognitive impairment. Although this disease is related to oxidative stress and inflammation, it is not known whether these processes facilitate the memory impairment. Our objective was to investigate the performance of rat pups chronically injected with GA and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in spatial memory test, antioxidant defenses, cytokines levels, Na+, K+-ATPase activity, and hippocampal volume. We also evaluated the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on theses markers. Methods Rat pups were injected with GA (5umol g of body weight-1, subcutaneously; twice per day; from 5th to 28th day of life), and were supplemented with NAC (150mg/kg/day; intragastric gavage; for the same period). LPS (2mg/kg; E.coli 055 B5) or vehicle (saline 0.9%) was injected intraperitoneally, once per day, from 25th to 28th day of life. Oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers as well as hippocampal volume were assessed. Results GA caused spatial learning deficit in the Barnes maze and LPS potentiated this effect. GA and LPS increased TNF-α and IL-1β levels. The co-administration of these compounds potentiated the increase of IL-1β levels but not TNF-α levels in the hippocampus. GA and LPS increased TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance) content, reduced antioxidant defenses and inhibited Na+, K+-ATPase activity. GA and LPS co-administration did not have additive effect on oxidative stress markers and Na+, K+ pump. The hippocampal volume did not change after GA or LPS administration. NAC protected against impairment of spatial learning and increase of cytokines levels. NAC Also protected against inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase activity and oxidative markers. Conclusions These results suggest that inflammatory and oxidative markers may underlie at least in part of the neuropathology of GA-I in this model. Thus, NAC could represent a possible adjuvant therapy in treatment of children with GA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil ; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil ; Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Vlasova YA, Zakharova IO, Sokolova TV, Avrova NF. Metabolic effects of ganglioside GM1 on PC12 cells in oxidative stress depend on modulation of activity of tyrosine kinase Trk of receptors. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093013010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Neurotoxic effects of trans-glutaconic acid in rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:607610. [PMID: 23606926 PMCID: PMC3625603 DOI: 10.1155/2013/607610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
trans-Glutaconic acid (tGA) is an unsaturated C5-dicarboxylic acid which may be found accumulated in glutaric aciduria type I, whose pathophysiology is still uncertain. In the present work it was investigated the in vitro effect of increasing tGA concentrations on neurochemical and oxidative stress parameters in rat cerebral cortex. We observed that Na+, K+-ATPase activity was reduced by tGA, but not creatine kinase, respiratory chain complex IV, and ATP synthase activities. On the other hand, tGA significantly increased lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive species levels and spontaneous chemiluminescence), as well as protein oxidative damage (oxidation of sulfhydryl groups). tGA also significantly decreased nonenzymatic antioxidant defenses (TRAP and reduced glutathione levels). Our data suggest that tGA may be neurotoxic in rat brain.
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Zhu Y, Yang J, Jiao S, Ji T. Ganglioside-monosialic acid (GM1) prevents oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. World J Surg Oncol 2013; 11:19. [PMID: 23351188 PMCID: PMC3575266 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-11-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxaliplatin, an effective antineoplastic agent againstgastrointestinal tumors, can cause severe peripheral neurotoxicity, which seriously limits its clinical application. To date, there are no effective treatments for this complication. Ganglioside-monosialic acid (GM1) has been shown to protect neurons against injuries and degeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of GM1 on preventing oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Methods In this study, 120 patients with gastrointestinal tumors were enrolled, andthey received the treatment of XELOX (oxaliplatin and capecitabine) and FOLFOX4 (oxaliplatin, leukovolin and 5-fluorouracil). The patients were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group and control group, with60 patients ineach. On the day chemotherapy was initiated, the experimental group received GM1 intravenously (100 mg once daily) for 3 days, while no neuroprotective agents were applied in the control group. The incidence rates and classification of neurotoxicity in the two groups were evaluated and the differences between the two groups were examined. Furthermore, whether GM1 affected the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy was also examined. Results The grade of neurotoxicity in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05, Mann–Whitney U test). The probability of occurrence of low-grade neurotoxicity (grade 0 and 1) in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (logistic ordinal regression); whereas the probability of occurrence of high-grade neurotoxicity (grade 2 and 3) in the experimental group was lower than in the control group (logistic ordinal regression). Conclusion The data suggested that GM1 could reduce the grade of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity and was an effective neuroprotective agent against oxaliplatin-induced high-grade neurotoxicity in patients with gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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Seminotti B, Amaral AU, da Rosa MS, Fernandes CG, Leipnitz G, Olivera-Bravo S, Barbeito L, Ribeiro CAJ, de Souza DOG, Woontner M, Goodman SI, Koeller DM, Wajner M. Disruption of brain redox homeostasis in glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice treated with high dietary lysine supplementation. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 108:30-9. [PMID: 23218171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) activity or glutaric aciduria type I (GA I) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder biochemically characterized by predominant accumulation of glutaric acid and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid in the brain and other tissues. Affected patients usually present acute striatum necrosis during encephalopathic crises triggered by metabolic stress situations, as well as chronic leukodystrophy and delayed myelination. Considering that the mechanisms underlying the brain injury in this disease are not yet fully established, in the present study we investigated important parameters of oxidative stress in the brain (cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus), liver and heart of 30-day-old GCDH deficient knockout (Gcdh(-/-)) and wild type (WT) mice submitted to a normal lysine (Lys) (0.9% Lys), or high Lys diets (2.8% or 4.7% Lys) for 60 h. It was observed that the dietary supplementation of 2.8% and 4.7% Lys elicited noticeable oxidative stress, as verified by an increase of malondialdehyde concentrations (lipid oxidative damage) and 2-7-dihydrodichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation (free radical production), as well as a decrease of reduced glutathione levels and alteration of various antioxidant enzyme activities (antioxidant defenses) in the cerebral cortex and the striatum, but not in the hippocampus, the liver and the heart of Gcdh(-/-) mice, as compared to WT mice receiving the same diets. Furthermore, alterations of oxidative stress parameters in the cerebral cortex and striatum were more accentuated in symptomatic, as compared to asymptomatic Gcdh(-/-) mice exposed to 4.7% Lys overload. Histopathological studies performed in the cerebral cortex and striatum of these animals exposed to high dietary Lys revealed increased expression of oxidative stress markers despite the absence of significant structural damage. The results indicate that a disruption of redox homeostasis in the cerebral cortex and striatum of young Gcdh(-/-) mice exposed to increased Lys diet may possibly represent an important pathomechanism of brain injury in GA I patients under metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Seminotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Yang R, Wang Q, Min L, Sui R, Li J, Liu X. Monosialoanglioside improves memory deficits and relieves oxidative stress in the hippocampus of rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurol Sci 2012; 34:1447-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-012-1263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Della-Pace ID, Rambo LM, Ribeiro LR, Saraiva ALL, de Oliveira SM, Silva CR, Villarinho JG, Rossato MF, Ferreira J, de Carvalho LM, de Oliveira Lima F, Furian AF, Oliveria MS, Santos ARS, Facundo VA, Fighera MR, Royes LFF. Triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β trihidroxilup-20(29)-ene protects against excitability and oxidative damage induced by pentylenetetrazol: the role of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. Neuropharmacology 2012; 67:455-64. [PMID: 23219656 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Administration of the compound triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β-trihidroxilup-20(29)-ene (TTHL) resulted in antinociceptive activity in several pain models in mice. Because pain and epilepsy have common mechanisms, and several anticonvulsants are clinically used to treat painful disorders, we investigated the anticonvulsant potential of TTHL. Behavioral and electrographic recordings revealed that pretreatment with TTHL (30 mg/kg; i.g.) increased the latencies to the first clonic seizure to the tonic-clonic and reduced the duration of the generalized seizures induced by the GABA(A) receptor antagonist PTZ (80 g; i.p.). The TTHL pretreatment also protected against PTZ-induced deleterious effects, as characterized by protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, [(3)H] glutamate uptake and the inhibition of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (subunits α(1) and α(2)/α(3)). Although TTHL did not exhibit DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity per se and does not alter the binding of [(3)H]flunitrazepam to the benzodiazepinic site of the GABA(A) receptor, this compound was effective in preventing behavioral and EEG seizures, as well as the inhibition of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase induced by ouabain. These results suggest that the protection against PTZ-induced seizures elicited by TTHL is due to Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity maintenance. In fact, experiments in homogenates of the cerebral cortex revealed that PTZ (10 mM) reduced Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity and that previous incubation with TTHL (10 μM) protected against this inhibition. Collectively, these data indicate that the protection exerted by TTHL in this model of convulsion is not related to antioxidant activity or GABAergic activity. However, these results demonstrated that the effective protection of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase elicited by this compound protects against the damage due to neuronal excitability and oxidation that is induced by PTZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuri Domingues Della-Pace
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BioEx), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Bayunova LV, Vlasova YA, Sokolova TV, Zakharova IO, Parnova RG, Avrova NF. The protective effect of GD1a ganglioside and inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase after the application of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to PC12 cells. NEUROCHEM J+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712412040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Post-translational oxidative modification and inactivation of mitochondrial complex I in epileptogenesis. J Neurosci 2012; 32:11250-8. [PMID: 22895709 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0907-12.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress and damage have been implicated in the etiology of temporal lobe epilepsy, but whether or not they have a functional impact on mitochondrial processes during epilepsy development (epileptogenesis) is unknown. One consequence of increased steady-state mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels is protein post-translational modification (PTM). We hypothesize that complex I (CI), a protein complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, is a target for oxidant-induced PTMs, such as carbonylation, leading to impaired function during epileptogenesis. The goal of this study was to determine whether oxidative modifications occur and what impact they have on CI enzymatic activity in the rat hippocampus in response to kainate (KA)-induced epileptogenesis. Rats were injected with a single high dose of KA or vehicle and evidence for CI modifications was measured during the acute, latent, and chronic stages of epilepsy. Mitochondrial-specific carbonylation was increased acutely (48 h) and chronically (6 week), coincident with decreased CI activity. Mass spectrometry analysis of immunocaptured CI identified specific metal catalyzed carbonylation to Arg76 within the 75 kDa subunit concomitant with inhibition of CI activity during epileptogenesis. Computational-based molecular modeling studies revealed that Arg76 is in close proximity to the active site of CI and carbonylation of the residue is predicted to induce substantial structural alterations to the protein complex. These data provide evidence for the occurrence of a specific and irreversible oxidative modification of an important mitochondrial enzyme complex critical for cellular bioenergetics during the process of epileptogenesis.
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Amaral AU, Seminotti B, Cecatto C, Fernandes CG, Busanello ENB, Zanatta Â, Kist LW, Bogo MR, de Souza DOG, Woontner M, Goodman S, Koeller DM, Wajner M. Reduction of Na+, K+-ATPase activity and expression in cerebral cortex of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice: a possible mechanism for brain injury in glutaric aciduria type I. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 107:375-82. [PMID: 22999741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to play an important role in the neuropathology of glutaric acidemia type I (GA I). However, the relevance of bioenergetics disruption and the exact mechanisms responsible for the cortical leukodystrophy and the striatum degeneration presented by GA I patients are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in the present work we measured the respiratory chain complexes activities I-IV, mitochondrial respiratory parameters state 3, state 4, the respiratory control ratio and dinitrophenol (DNP)-stimulated respiration (uncoupled state), as well as the activities of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), creatine kinase (CK) and Na+, K+-ATPase in cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus from 30-day-old Gcdh-/- and wild type (WT) mice fed with a normal or a high Lys (4.7%) diet. When a baseline (0.9% Lys) diet was given, we verified mild alterations of the activities of some respiratory chain complexes in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, but not in striatum from Gcdh-/- mice as compared to WT animals. Furthermore, the mitochondrial respiratory parameters and the activities of α-KGDH and CK were not modified in all brain structures from Gcdh-/- mice. In contrast, we found a significant reduction of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity associated with a lower degree of its expression in cerebral cortex from Gcdh-/- mice. Furthermore, a high Lys (4.7%) diet did not accentuate the biochemical alterations observed in Gcdh-/- mice fed with a normal diet. Since Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity is required for cell volume regulation and to maintain the membrane potential necessary for a normal neurotransmission, it is presumed that reduction of this enzyme activity may represent a potential underlying mechanism involved in the brain swelling and cortical abnormalities (cortical atrophy with leukodystrophy) observed in patients affected by GA I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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