1
|
Britten O, Tosi S. The role of diet in cancer: the potential of shaping public policy and clinical outcomes in the UK. GENES & NUTRITION 2024; 19:15. [PMID: 39097687 PMCID: PMC11298086 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-024-00750-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer universally represents one of the largest public health concerns, substantially contributing to global disease burden and mortality. The multifaceted interplay of environmental and genetic factors in the disease aetiology and progression has required comprehensive research to elucidate modifiable elements which can reduce the risk of incidence and improve prognosis. Among these factors, diet and nutrition have emerged as the most fundamental with a significant potential for influence and effect. Nutrition is not only an essential part of human survival, but also a vital determinant of overall health. Certain dietary requirements are necessary to support normal physiology. This includes individualised levels of macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates and fats) and specific micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). Extensive research has demonstrated that diet plays a role in cancer pathogenesis at the genetic, epigenetic and cellular level. Therefore, its potential as a modifiable determinant of cancer pathogenesis for the purpose of prevention and improving management of disease must be further explored and implemented. The ability to influence cancer incidence and outcomes through dietary changes is underutilised in clinical practice and insufficiently recognised among the general public, healthcare professionals and policy-makers. Dietary changes offer the opportunity for autonomy and control over individuals health outcomes. Research has revealed that particular dietary components, as well as cultural behaviours and epidemiological patterns may act as causative or protective factors in cancer development. This review aims to comprehensively synthesise this research to further explore how to best utilise this knowledge within the community and clinical environment for more effective cancer prevention and therapeutic strategies. The identified key areas for improvement include the development of more specific, widely accepted guidelines, promoting increased involvement of dieticians within cancer multidisciplinary teams, enhancing nutritional education for healthcare professionals and exploring the potential implementation of personalised nutrition tools. A greater understanding of the complex interactions between diet and cancer will facilitate informed clinical interventions and public health policies to reduce global cancer burden and improve care for cancer patients and survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Britten
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner St, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Leukaemia and Chromosome Laboratory, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wei Y. Advancements in the impact of human microbiota and probiotics on leukemia. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1423838. [PMID: 39021626 PMCID: PMC11251910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays a crucial role in promoting the interaction between the body and its environment. It has been increasingly recognized that the gut microbiota has diverse physiological functions. Recent studies have shown a close association between the gut microbiota and the development of certain tumors, including leukemia. Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of one or more types of blood cells, which is the most common cancer in children. The imbalance of gut microbiota is linked to the pathological mechanisms of leukemia. Probiotics, which are beneficial microorganisms that help maintain the balance of the host microbiome, play a role in regulating gut microbiota. Probiotics have the potential to assist in the treatment of leukemia and improve the clinical prognosis of leukemia patients. This study reviews the relationship between gut microbiota, probiotics, and the progression of leukemia based on current research. In addition, utilizing zebrafish leukemia models in future studies might reveal the specific mechanisms of their interactions, thereby providing new insights into the clinical treatment of leukemia. In conclusion, further investigation is still needed to fully understand the accurate role of microbes in leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yaodong Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alshehri AM, Wilson OC. Biomimetic Hydrogel Strategies for Cancer Therapy. Gels 2024; 10:437. [PMID: 39057460 PMCID: PMC11275631 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in biomimetic hydrogel research have expanded the scope of biomedical technologies that can be used to model, diagnose, and treat a wide range of medical conditions. Cancer presents one of the most intractable challenges in this arena due to the surreptitious mechanisms that it employs to evade detection and treatment. In order to address these challenges, biomimetic design principles can be adapted to beat cancer at its own game. Biomimetic design strategies are inspired by natural biological systems and offer promising opportunities for developing life-changing methods to model, detect, diagnose, treat, and cure various types of static and metastatic cancers. In particular, focusing on the cellular and subcellular phenomena that serve as fundamental drivers for the peculiar behavioral traits of cancer can provide rich insights into eradicating cancer in all of its manifestations. This review highlights promising developments in biomimetic nanocomposite hydrogels that contribute to cancer therapies via enhanced drug delivery strategies and modeling cancer mechanobiology phenomena in relation to metastasis and synergistic sensing systems. Creative efforts to amplify biomimetic design research to advance the development of more effective cancer therapies will be discussed in alignment with international collaborative goals to cure cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Awatef M. Alshehri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Otto C. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao YL, Gong Y, Qi YJ, Shao ZM, Jiang YZ. Effects of dietary intervention on human diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:59. [PMID: 38462638 PMCID: PMC10925609 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet, serving as a vital source of nutrients, exerts a profound influence on human health and disease progression. Recently, dietary interventions have emerged as promising adjunctive treatment strategies not only for cancer but also for neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. These interventions have demonstrated substantial potential in modulating metabolism, disease trajectory, and therapeutic responses. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignant progression, and a deeper understanding of this phenomenon in tumors and its effects on immune regulation is a significant challenge that impedes cancer eradication. Dietary intake, as a key environmental factor, can influence tumor metabolism. Emerging evidence indicates that dietary interventions might affect the nutrient availability in tumors, thereby increasing the efficacy of cancer treatments. However, the intricate interplay between dietary interventions and the pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases is complex. Despite encouraging results, the mechanisms underlying diet-based therapeutic strategies remain largely unexplored, often resulting in underutilization in disease management. In this review, we aim to illuminate the potential effects of various dietary interventions, including calorie restriction, fasting-mimicking diet, ketogenic diet, protein restriction diet, high-salt diet, high-fat diet, and high-fiber diet, on cancer and the aforementioned diseases. We explore the multifaceted impacts of these dietary interventions, encompassing their immunomodulatory effects, other biological impacts, and underlying molecular mechanisms. This review offers valuable insights into the potential application of these dietary interventions as adjunctive therapies in disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Gong
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying-Jia Qi
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang C, Wang K, Chen Y, Wu ML. Correlation between plasma lycopene levels in patients with laryngeal carcinoma and postoperative adverse complications of chemoradiotherapy and nutritional risks. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:1417-1424. [PMID: 38150023 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we analyzed the correlation between the preoperative plasma lycopene levels, postoperative adverse complications of chemoradiotherapy, and nutritional risk scores in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS A total of 114 patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 114 healthy respondents were enrolled in this study. The patients with laryngeal carcinoma were divided into two groups: 62 patients with laryngeal carcinoma, with an NRS2002 score higher than 3 points and whose diet contained lycopene, were enrolled in the observation group, and 52 patients with laryngeal carcinoma during the corresponding time period, whose diet did not contain lycopene, were enrolled in the reference group. The immune indexes (CD4 + , CD8 + , IGA, IGM, IGG), nutritional indexes (albumin, prealbumin, transferrin), and postoperative adverse complications of chemo-radiotherapy in the two groups were recorded. RESULTS The lycopene levels were lower in patients with advanced tumor stage (III and IV). The diagnosis threshold of the plasma lycopene level for laryngeal carcinoma was 0.503 μmol/L. The area under the curve for plasma lycopene levels in cancer diagnosis was 0.96, with a clinical specificity of 0.943 and a sensitivity of 0.859. There was a significant negative correlation between the plasma lycopene levels and Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 score (R2 = - 0.523, P < 0.001), which was related to the increase in NRS-2002 scores and nutritional hazards in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. The observation group showed a significant increase in nutritional and immune indices, as compared to the reference group, as well as a lower incidence of severe and serious adverse reactions to chemo-radiotherapy. Lycopene supplementation, tumor stage, NRS-2002 scores, nutritional and immune indices were all significant predictors of postoperative severe and serious adverse complications of chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSION Progression of laryngeal carcinoma and severity of the side effects of the adverse complications of chemo-radiotherapy are related to the levels of lycopene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hebei General Hospital, No. 348, Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Geratology, Hebei Special Care Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Mo-Li Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hebei General Hospital, No. 348, Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
David A, Lev-Ari S. Targeting the Gut Microbiome to Improve Immunotherapy Outcomes: A Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241269870. [PMID: 39223798 PMCID: PMC11369881 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241269870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The following narrative review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the role played by the gut microbiome within the Diet-Microbiota-Immunity (DMI) tripartite, aiming to enhance anti-cancer immunotherapy efficacy. While revolutionizing cancer treatment, resistance to immunotherapy and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain challenges. The tumor microenvironment (TME), shaped by cancer cells, influences immunotherapy resistance. The gut microbiome, influenced by genetics, environment, diet, and interventions, emerges as a critical player in TME reshaping, thereby modulating immune responses and treatment outcomes. Dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet, caloric restriction modifications, and specific nutritional components show promise in influencing the tumor microenvironment and gut microbiome for better treatment outcomes. Antibiotics, disrupting gut microbiota diversity, may compromise immunotherapy efficacy. This review emphasizes the need for tailored nutritional strategies to manipulate microbial communities, enhance immune regulation, and improve immunotherapy accessibility while minimizing side effects. Ongoing studies investigate the impact of dietary interventions on cancer immunotherapy, pointing toward promising developments in personalized cancer care. This narrative review synthesizes existing knowledge and charts a course for future investigations, presenting a holistic perspective on the dynamic interplay between dietary interventions, the gut microbiome, and cancer immunotherapy within the DMI tripartite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi David
- Tal Center for Integrative Medicine, Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Shaked Lev-Ari
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute For Immuno-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Education Authority, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qazi AS, Rahman UU, Ahmad B, Safdar W, Ahmad S, Mumtaz S. Diet, Gut Microbes, and Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2024; 191:163-190. [PMID: 39133408 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbes are important and may play important role in spreading cancers specially the gastrointestinal malignancies preferably colorectal cancers. Gut microbes and diet can influence the tissues in gastrointestinal tract increasing the risk of cancer spread. Insufficient nutrient intake and imbalance diet can disturb the microbiome of gastrointestinal tract causing metabolism of xenobiotics which is beneficial as well as detrimental. Dietary imbalance may also weaken the immune system which is another reason for spreading and development of cancers. The triage of gut microbiome, host immune system, and dietary patterns may help the initiation of mechanism of carcinogenesis. In addition to its role in carcinogenesis and tumor development, there is still growing evidence as to how intestinal microflora influences the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy and immunotherapy by the gut microbiome. It can therefore be used as a biomarker to predict treatment response or poor response and can also be modified to improve cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Saleem Qazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ubaid Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Safdar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sara Mumtaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rogers S, Charles A, Thomas RM. The Prospect of Harnessing the Microbiome to Improve Immunotherapeutic Response in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5708. [PMID: 38136254 PMCID: PMC10741649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States by 2030. Patients are often diagnosed with advanced disease, which explains the dismal 5-year median overall survival rate of ~12%. Immunotherapy has been successful in improving outcomes in the past decade for a variety of malignancies, including gastrointestinal cancers. However, PDAC is historically an immunologically "cold" tumor, one with an immunosuppressive environment and with restricted entry of immune cells that have limited the success of immunotherapy in these tumors. The microbiome, the intricate community of microorganisms present on and within humans, has been shown to contribute to many cancers, including PDAC. Recently, its role in tumor immunology and response to immunotherapy has generated much interest. Herein, the current state of the interaction of the microbiome and immunotherapy in PDAC is discussed with a focus on needed areas of study in order to harness the immune system to combat pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherise Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Angel Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Ryan M. Thomas
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lakshmanan AP, Deola S, Terranegra A. The Promise of Precision Nutrition for Modulation of the Gut Microbiota as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Acute Graft-versus-host Disease. Transplantation 2023; 107:2497-2509. [PMID: 37189240 PMCID: PMC10664798 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a severe side effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) that has complex phenotypes and often unpredictable outcomes. The current management is not always able to prevent aGVHD. A neglected actor in the management of aGVHD is the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota dysbiosis after aHSCT is caused by many factors and may contribute to the development of aGVHD. Diet and nutritional status modify the gut microbiota and a wide range of products are now available to manipulate the gut microbiota (pro-, pre-, and postbiotics). New investigations are testing the effect of probiotics and nutritional supplements in both animal models and human studies, with encouraging results. In this review, we summarize the most recent literature about the probiotics and nutritional factors able to modulate the gut microbiota and we discuss the future perspective in developing new integrative therapeutic approaches to reducing the risk of graft-versus-host disease in patients undergoing aHSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Deola
- Advanced Cell Therapy Core, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Qatar
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cong R, Li M, Xu W, Ma X, Wang S. Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram model incorporating routine laboratory biomarkers for preoperative patients with endometrial cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1167. [PMID: 38031022 PMCID: PMC10688010 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some biomarkers collected from routine laboratory tests have shown important value in cancer prognosis. The study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of routine laboratory biomarkers in patients with endometrial cancer (EC) and to develop credible prognostic nomogram models for clinical application. METHODS A total of 727 patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate each biomarker's prognostic value, and independent prognostic factors were used to generate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) nomgrams. The efficacy of the nomograms were evaluated by Harrell's concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), calibration curves, X-tile analysis and Kaplan‒Meier curves. RESULTS Ten significant biomarkers in multivariate Cox analysis were integrated to develop OS and PFS nomograms. The C-indices of the OS- nomogram in the training and validation sets were 0.885 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.810-0.960) and 0.850 (95% CI, 0.761-0.939), respectively; those of the PFS- nomogram in the training and validation sets were 0.903 (95% CI, 0.866-0.940) and 0.825 (95% CI, 0.711-0.939), respectively. ROC, DCA and calibration curves showed better clinical application value for the nomograms incorporating routine laboratory biomarkers. X-tile analysis and Kaplan‒Meier curves showed that the nomograms were stable and credible in evaluating patients at different risks. CONCLUSIONS Nomogram models incorporating routine laboratory biomarkers, including NLR, MLR, fibrinogen, albumin and AB blood type, were demonstrated to be simple, reliable and favourable in predicting the outcomes of patients with EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Shuhe Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ciernikova S, Sevcikova A, Stevurkova V, Mego M. Diet-driven microbiome changes and physical activity in cancer patients. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1285516. [PMID: 38075222 PMCID: PMC10704146 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1285516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploring the role of the gut microbiome in oncology is gaining more attention, mainly due to its ability to shape the immune system in cancer patients. A well-balanced microbial composition forms a symbiotic relationship with the host organism. Mounting evidence supports the potential of modifiable lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity, in restoring intestinal dysbiosis related to cancer development and treatment. In this Minireview, we describe the host-microbiome interplay following different dietary patterns, including a high-fat diet, fiber-rich diet, diet rich in rice and beans, Mediterranean diet, ketogenic diet, and physical activity in preclinical findings and clinical settings. According to the results, nutrition is a critical factor influencing the composition of gut microbial communities. Therefore, knowledge about the patient's nutritional status in pre-treatment and treatment becomes crucial for further management. A combination of individualized dietary habits and professional training plans might help to maintain gut homeostasis, potentially improving the response to anti-cancer therapy and the quality of life in cancer survivors. However, a deep understanding of underlying mechanisms and large clinical trials are needed to uncover clinically relevant correlations for personalized treatment approaches leading to better outcomes for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sona Ciernikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Aneta Sevcikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viola Stevurkova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava and National Cancer Institute, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Santoni M, Massari F, Myint ZW, Iacovelli R, Pichler M, Basso U, Kopecky J, Kucharz J, Buti S, Salfi A, Büttner T, De Giorgi U, Kanesvaran R, Fiala O, Grande E, Zucali PA, Fornarini G, Bourlon MT, Scagliarini S, Molina-Cerrillo J, Aurilio G, Matrana MR, Pichler R, Cattrini C, Büchler T, Seront E, Calabrò F, Pinto A, Berardi R, Zgura A, Mammone G, Ansari J, Atzori F, Chiari R, Zakopoulou R, Caffo O, Procopio G, Bassanelli M, Zampiva I, Messina C, Küronya Z, Mosca A, Bhuva D, Vau N, Incorvaia L, Rebuzzi SE, Roviello G, Zabalza IO, Rizzo A, Mollica V, Catalini I, Monteiro FSM, Montironi R, Battelli N, Rizzo M, Porta C. Clinico-Pathological Features Influencing the Prognostic Role of Body Mass Index in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated by Immuno-Oncology Combinations (ARON-1). Clin Genitourin Cancer 2023; 21:e309-e319.e1. [PMID: 37062658 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been associated with improved response to immunotherapy in cancer patients. We investigated the role of body mass index (BMI) in patients from the ARON-1 study (NCT05287464) treated by dual immuno-oncology agents (IO+IO) or a combination of immuno-oncology drug and a tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Medical records of patients with documented mRCC treated by immuno-oncology combinations were reviewed at 47 institutions from 16 countries. Patients were assessed for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (OS), and overall clinical benefit (OCB), defined as the sum of the rate of partial/complete responses and stable disease. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the association of variables of interest with survival. RESULTS A total of 675 patients were included; BMI was >25 kg/m2 in 345 patients (51%) and was associated with improved OS (55.7 vs. 28.4 months, P < .001). The OCB of patients with BMI >25 kg/m2 versus those with BMI ≤25 kg/m2 was significantly higher only in patients with nonclear cell histology (81% vs. 65%, P = .011), and patients with liver metastases (76% vs. 58%, P = .007), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio >4 (77% vs 62%, P = .022) or treated by nivolumab plus ipilimumab (77% vs. 64%, P = .044). In the BMI ≤25 kg/m2 subgroup, significant differences were found between patients with NLR >4 versus ≤4 (62% vs. 82%, P = .002) and patients treated by IO+IO versus IO+TKIs combinations (64% vs. 83%, P = .002). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the prognostic significance and the association of BMI with treatment outcome varies across clinico-pathological mRCC subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Massari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italia.
| | - Zin W Myint
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Roberto Iacovelli
- Oncologia Medica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Umberto Basso
- Oncology 3 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Jindrich Kopecky
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Kucharz
- Department of Uro-oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessia Salfi
- Oncology Unit 2, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Thomas Büttner
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | | | - Ondřej Fiala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Enrique Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Andrea Zucali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano - Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maria T Bourlon
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sarah Scagliarini
- UOC di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Cardarelli di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Aurilio
- Medical Oncology Division of Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumours, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc R Matrana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Renate Pichler
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carlo Cattrini
- Department of Medical Oncology, "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Tomas Büchler
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Emmanuel Seront
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de Jolimont, Belgium
| | - Fabio Calabrò
- Department of Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alvaro Pinto
- Medical Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, AOU Ospedali Riuniti delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Anca Zgura
- Department of Oncology-Radiotherapy, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Giulia Mammone
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Science, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jawaher Ansari
- Medical Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Francesco Atzori
- Unità di Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rita Chiari
- UOC Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Italy
| | - Roubini Zakopoulou
- 2nd Propaedeutic Dept of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Maggiore di Cremona, Italy
| | - Maria Bassanelli
- Medical Oncology 1-IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zampiva
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Zsófia Küronya
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Dipen Bhuva
- Department of Medical Oncology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Nuno Vau
- Urologic Oncology, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lorena Incorvaia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Ospedale San Paolo, Medical Oncology, Savona, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico "Don Tonino Bello", I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | | | - Fernando Sabino M Monteiro
- Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG; Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Santa Lucia, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Molecular Medicine and Cell Therapy Foundation, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Mimma Rizzo
- Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Camillo Porta
- Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy; Chair of Oncology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Almanza-Aguilera E, Cano A, Gil-Lespinard M, Burguera N, Zamora-Ros R, Agudo A, Farràs M. Mediterranean diet and olive oil, microbiota, and obesity-related cancers. From mechanisms to prevention. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:103-119. [PMID: 37543179 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil (OO) is the main source of added fat in the Mediterranean diet (MD). It is a mix of bioactive compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, simple phenols, secoiridoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. There is a growing body of evidence that MD and OO improve obesity-related factors. In addition, obesity has been associated with an increased risk for several cancers: endometrial, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, renal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, gastric cardia, meningioma, multiple myeloma, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, ovarian, gallbladder, and thyroid cancer. However, the epidemiological evidence linking MD and OO with these obesity-related cancers, and their potential mechanisms of action, especially those involving the gut microbiota, are not clearly described or understood. The goals of this review are 1) to update the current epidemiological knowledge on the associations between MD and OO consumption and obesity-related cancers, 2) to identify the gut microbiota mechanisms involved in obesity-related cancers, and 3) to report the effects of MD and OO on these mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Almanza-Aguilera
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ainara Cano
- Food Research, AZTI, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Lespinard
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Nerea Burguera
- Food Research, AZTI, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Marta Farràs
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Y, Lu L, Ling C, Zhang P, Han R. Potential of Dietary HDAC2i in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors. Nutrients 2023; 15:3984. [PMID: 37764768 PMCID: PMC10537481 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a lethal malignancy with high morbidity and mortality but lacks effective treatments thus far. Despite the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) (including PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors), durable and optimal clinical benefits still remain elusive for a considerable number of BC patients. To break through such a dilemma, novel ICI-based combination therapy has been explored for enhancing the therapeutic effect. Recent evidence has just pointed out that the HDAC2 inhibitor (HDAC2i), which has been proven to exhibit an anti-cancer effect, can act as a sensitizer for ICIs therapy. Simultaneously, dietary intervention, as a crucial supportive therapy, has been reported to provide ingredients containing HDAC2 inhibitory activity. Thus, the novel integration of dietary intervention with ICIs therapy may offer promising possibilities for improving treatment outcomes. In this study, we first conducted the differential expression and prognostic analyses of HDAC2 and BC patients using the GENT2 and Kaplan-Meier plotter platform. Then, we summarized the potential diet candidates for such an integrated therapeutic strategy. This article not only provides a whole new therapeutic strategy for an HDAC2i-containing diet combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for BC treatment, but also aims to ignite enthusiasm for exploring this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Changquan Ling
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sayers J, Skipworth RJ, Laird BJ. Cancer cachexia - adopting a systems wide approach. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:393-398. [PMID: 37265093 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancer cachexia results in the death of approximately 2 million people worldwide annually. Despite the impact of this devastating condition, there is limited therapy and no standard of care. Although multiple definitions exist, confusion remains as a true understanding of the biology has not yet been achieved and distinct phases of cachexia have not been examined. Research has mainly focused on weight loss and muscle wasting, but cachexia is increasingly recognized as a multiorgan disorder involving adipose tissue, liver, brain, gut and heart, with systemic inflammation a central unifying feature. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we will discuss some of the extra-muscular features and multisystem interactions in cachexia, and describe how moving our focus beyond muscle can lead to a greater understanding of the mechanisms and clinical features seen in cachexia. SUMMARY We describe the need for robust characterization of patients with cachexia, to allow clinical phenotypes and multisystem mechanisms to be untangled, and to enable the implementation of multimodal treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Sayers
- St Columba's Hospice
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh
- Clinical Surgery University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard Je Skipworth
- Clinical Surgery University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Barry Ja Laird
- St Columba's Hospice
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Malcomson FC, Mathers JC. Translation of nutrigenomic research for personalised and precision nutrition for cancer prevention and for cancer survivors. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102710. [PMID: 37105011 PMCID: PMC10165138 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalised and precision nutrition uses information on individual characteristics and responses to nutrients, foods and dietary patterns to develop targeted nutritional advice that is more effective in improving the diet and health of each individual. Moving away from the conventional 'one size fits all', such targeted intervention approaches may pave the way to better population health, including lower burden of non-communicable diseases. To date, most personalised and precision nutrition approaches have been focussed on tackling obesity and cardiometabolic diseases with limited efforts directed to cancer prevention and for cancer survivors. Advances in understanding the biological basis of cancer and of the role played by diet in cancer prevention and in survival after cancer diagnosis, mean that it is timely to test and to apply such personalised and precision nutrition approaches in the cancer area. This endeavour can take advantage of the enhanced understanding of interactions between dietary factors, individual genotype and the gut microbiome that impact on risk of, and survival after, cancer diagnosis. Translation of these basic research into public health action should include real-time acquisition of nutrigenomic and related data and use of AI-based data integration methods in systems approaches that can be scaled up using mobile devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F C Malcomson
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J C Mathers
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Thomas RM. Maestros of malignancy: Microbes as the conductors of carcinogenesis. Neoplasia 2023; 37:100887. [PMID: 36796116 PMCID: PMC9958383 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Thomas
- University of Florida, Department of Surgery, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Santoni M, Molina-Cerrillo J, Santoni G, Lam ET, Massari F, Mollica V, Mazzaschi G, Rapoport BL, Grande E, Buti S. Role of Clock Genes and Circadian Rhythm in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recent Evidence and Therapeutic Consequences. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020408. [PMID: 36672355 PMCID: PMC9856936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm regulates cellular differentiation and physiology and shapes the immune response. Altered expression of clock genes might lead to the onset of common malignant cancers, including Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). Data from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) indicate that clock genes PER1-3, CRY2, CLOCK, NR1D2 and RORα are overexpressed in RCC tissues and correlate with patients' prognosis. The expression of clock genes could finely tune transcription factor activity in RCC and is associated with the extent of immune cell infiltration. The clock system interacts with hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) and regulates the circadian oscillation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity thereby conditioning the antitumor effect of mTOR inhibitors. The stimulation of natural killer (NK) cell activity exerted by the administration of interferon-α, a cornerstone of the first era of immunotherapy for RCC, relevantly varies according to circadian dosing time. Recent evidence demonstrated that time-of-day infusion directly affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients. Compounds targeting the circadian clock have been identified and their role in the era of immunotherapy deserves to be further investigated. In this review, we aimed at addressing the impact of clock genes on the natural history of kidney cancer and their potential therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Santoni
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Elaine T. Lam
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Francesco Massari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni-15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni-15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzaschi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Bernardo L. Rapoport
- The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, 129 Oxford Road, Saxonwold, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Corner Doctor Savage Road and Bophelo Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Enrique Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-0521-702314; Fax: +39-0521-995448
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dietary Vitamin A Intake and Circulating Vitamin A Concentrations and the Risk of Three Common Cancers in Women: A Meta-Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7686405. [PMID: 36388168 PMCID: PMC9646312 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7686405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to relevant clinical research, dietary and circulating antioxidants vitamin A are connected with the risk of breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer in women. However, there was inconsistency between the findings. We completed this meta-analysis at the right moment to address this contradiction of the problem. METHODS Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched using the proposed search strategy and filtered using the inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as the NOS quality score. As of May 2022, low intake or low concentration was used as a control, and odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) and ninety-five percent confidence intervals (95% CI) were extracted for high intake. Stata 12.0 was used to process the data. RESULTS Our meta-analysis included a total of 49 studies, 29 on breast cancer, 10 on ovarian cancer, and 10 on cervical cancer. There were 38 case-control studies included, with 25,363 cases and 42,281 controls; there were 11 cohort studies included, 1,334,176 individuals were followed up, and finally 9496 obtained cancer. The pooled OR value results were as follows: diet or supplements (OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.90, I 2 = 56.1%) and serum or plasma (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.86-1.09, I 2 = 29.5%). Subgroup analyses were performed according to cancer type, diet or supplements, serum or plasma, study type, and geographic regions. CONCLUSIONS In North American and Asian populations, high dietary consumption of vitamin A or supplements decreases the incidence of three cancers in women, with breast and ovarian cancers being more significant. However, high circulating vitamin A concentrations were not significantly connected with the risk of the three malignancies.
Collapse
|