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Rogers S, Charles A, Thomas RM. The Prospect of Harnessing the Microbiome to Improve Immunotherapeutic Response in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5708. [PMID: 38136254 PMCID: PMC10741649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States by 2030. Patients are often diagnosed with advanced disease, which explains the dismal 5-year median overall survival rate of ~12%. Immunotherapy has been successful in improving outcomes in the past decade for a variety of malignancies, including gastrointestinal cancers. However, PDAC is historically an immunologically "cold" tumor, one with an immunosuppressive environment and with restricted entry of immune cells that have limited the success of immunotherapy in these tumors. The microbiome, the intricate community of microorganisms present on and within humans, has been shown to contribute to many cancers, including PDAC. Recently, its role in tumor immunology and response to immunotherapy has generated much interest. Herein, the current state of the interaction of the microbiome and immunotherapy in PDAC is discussed with a focus on needed areas of study in order to harness the immune system to combat pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherise Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Angel Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Ryan M. Thomas
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
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Bourne CM, Wallisch P, Dacek MM, Gardner TJ, Pierre S, Vogt K, Corless BC, Bah MA, Romero-Pichardo JE, Charles A, Kurtz KG, Tan DS, Scheinberg DA. Host Interactions with Engineered T-cell Micropharmacies. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1253-1265. [PMID: 37379366 PMCID: PMC10472090 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered, cytotoxic, adoptively transferred T cells localize to antigen-positive cancer cells inside patients, but tumor heterogeneity and multiple immune escape mechanisms have prevented the eradication of most solid tumor types. More effective, multifunctional engineered T cells are in development to overcome the barriers to the treatment of solid tumors, but the interactions of these highly modified cells with the host are poorly understood. We previously engineered prodrug-activating enzymatic functions into chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, endowing them with a killing mechanism orthogonal to conventional T-cell cytotoxicity. These drug-delivering cells, termed Synthetic Enzyme-Armed KillER (SEAKER) cells, demonstrated efficacy in mouse lymphoma xenograft models. However, the interactions of an immunocompromised xenograft with such complex engineered T cells are distinct from those in an immunocompetent host, precluding an understanding of how these physiologic processes may affect the therapy. Herein, we expanded the repertoire of SEAKER cells to target solid-tumor melanomas in syngeneic mouse models using specific targeting with T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells. We demonstrate that SEAKER cells localized specifically to tumors, and activated bioactive prodrugs, despite host immune responses. We additionally show that TCR-engineered SEAKER cells were efficacious in immunocompetent hosts, demonstrating that the SEAKER platform is applicable to many adoptive cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Bourne
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Patrick Wallisch
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Megan M. Dacek
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Thomas J. Gardner
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie Pierre
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kristen Vogt
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Broderick C. Corless
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mamadou A. Bah
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jesus E. Romero-Pichardo
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Angel Charles
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Keifer G. Kurtz
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Derek S. Tan
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David A. Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Bourne CM, Wallisch P, Dacek M, Gardner T, Pierre S, Vogt K, Corless BC, Bah MA, Romero Pichardo J, Charles A, Kurtz KG, Tan DS, Scheinberg DA. Host-cell Interactions of Engineered T cell Micropharmacies. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.05.535717. [PMID: 37205431 PMCID: PMC10187158 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.05.535717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered, cytotoxic, adoptive T cells localize to antigen positive cancer cells inside patients, but tumor heterogeneity and multiple immune escape mechanisms have prevented the eradication of most solid tumor types. More effective, multifunctional engineered T cells are in development to overcome the barriers to the treatment of solid tumors, but the interactions of these highly modified cells with the host are poorly understood. We previously engineered prodrug-activating enzymatic functions into chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, endowing them with an orthogonal killing mechanism to conventional T-cell cytotoxicity. These drug-delivering cells, termed Synthetic Enzyme-Armed KillER (SEAKER) cells, demonstrated efficacy in mouse lymphoma xenograft models. However, the interactions of an immunocompromised xenograft with such complex engineered T cells are distinct from those in an immunocompetent host, precluding an understanding of how these physiologic processes may affect the therapy. Here, we also expand the repertoire of SEAKER cells to target solid-tumor melanomas in syngeneic mouse models using specific targeting with TCR-engineered T cells. We demonstrate that SEAKER cells localize specifically to tumors, and activate bioactive prodrugs, despite host immune responses. We additionally show that TCR-engineered SEAKER cells are efficacious in immunocompetent hosts, demonstrating that the SEAKER platform is applicable to many adoptive cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Bourne
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
| | - Patrick Wallisch
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10021
| | - Megan Dacek
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10021
| | - Thomas Gardner
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
| | - Stephanie Pierre
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kristen Vogt
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
| | - Broderick C. Corless
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10021
| | - Mamadou A. Bah
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
| | - Jesus Romero Pichardo
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Angel Charles
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
| | - Keifer G. Kurtz
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10021
| | - Derek S. Tan
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
| | - David A. Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA 10065
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10021
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Iconaru L, Charles A, Baleanu F, Moreau M, Surquin M, Benoit F, de Filette J, Karmali R, Body JJ, Bergmann P. Selection for treatment of patients at high risk of fracture by the short versus long term prediction models - data from the Belgian FRISBEE cohort. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1119-1125. [PMID: 37022466 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06737-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Our imminent model was less sensitive but more selective than FRAX® in the choice of treatment to prevent imminent fractures. This new model decreased NNT by 30%, which could reduce the treatment costs. In the Belgian FRISBEE cohort, the effect of recency further decreased the selectivity of FRAX®. PURPOSE We analyzed the selection for treatment of patients at high risk of fracture by the Belgian FRISBEE imminent model and the FRAX® tool. METHODS We identified in the FRISBEE cohort subjects who sustained an incident MOF (mean age 76.5 ± 6.8 years). We calculated their estimated 10-year risk of fracture using FRAX® before and after adjustment for recency and the 2-year probability of fracture using the FRISBEE model. RESULTS After 6.8 years of follow-up, we validated 480 incident and 54 imminent MOFs. Of the subjects who had an imminent fracture, 94.0% had a fracture risk estimated above 20% by the FRAX® before correction for recency and 98.1% after adjustment, with a specificity of 20.2% and 5.9%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the FRISBEE model at 2 years were 72.2% and 55.4%, respectively, for a threshold of 10%. For these thresholds, 47.3% of the patients were identified at high risk in both models before the correction, and 17.2% of them had an imminent MOF. The adjustment for recency did not change this selection. Before the correction, 34.2% of patients were selected for treatment by FRAX® only, and 18.8% would have had an imminent MOF. This percentage increased to 47% after the adjustment for recency, but only 6% of those would suffer a MOF within 2 years. CONCLUSION In our Belgian FRISBEE cohort, the imminent model was less sensitive but more selective in the selection of subjects in whom an imminent fracture should be prevented, resulting in a lower NNT. The correction for recency in this elderly population further decreased the selectivity of FRAX®. These data should be validated in additional cohorts before using them in everyday practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Laeken, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - A Charles
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Moreau
- Data Centre, Inst. J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Surquin
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Benoit
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J de Filette
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Karmali
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Bergmann
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Charles A, Iconaru L, Baleanu F, Benoit F, Surquin M, Mugisha A, Bergmann P, Body JJ. Are there specific clinical risk factors for the occurrence of multiple fractures? The FRISBEE study. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:501-506. [PMID: 36598524 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06663-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study showed additional clinical risk factors for the occurrence of multiple fractures with regards to a single fracture, with often higher hazard ratios. It would be important to include the risk of the occurrence of multiple fractures in future prediction models. PURPOSE To identify clinical risk factors (CRFs) which would specifically increase the risk of multiple fractures. METHODS Data of the 3560 postmenopausal women of the FRISBEE study were analysed. The CRFs and the fractures are collected annually. The cohort was divided into three groups: those who had no incident fracture, those who had a single incident fracture and those who had 2 two or more incident fractures (i.e. multiple fractures). Statistical analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Among the 3560 subjects (followed for 9.1 (7.2-10.6) years), 261 subjects had two or more validated fractures during follow-up (146 were major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs)), 628 had one fracture (435 MOFs), 2671 had no fracture (2979 had no MOF); 157 subjects had two or more central fractures, 389 had only one and 3014 had none. The risk factors for those with multiple fractures at any site were age, history of fracture, history of fall, total hip bone mineral density (BMD), spine BMD and rheumatoid arthritis. For those with multiple MOFs, significant CRFs were age, history of fracture, parental hip fracture, total hip BMD and rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSION We found in a prospective cohort study that there were more CRFs and higher hazard ratios for the occurrence of multiple fractures than for a single fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charles
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - L Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Benoit
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Surquin
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Mugisha
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Bergmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Iconaru L, Charles A, Baleanu F, Moreau M, Surquin M, Benoit F, Body J, Bergmann P. The effect of fracture recency on observed 5-year fracture probability: A study based on the FRISBEE cohort. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101660. [PMID: 36824480 PMCID: PMC9941353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prediction models, especially the FRAX®, are largely used to estimate the fracture risk at ten years, but the current algorithm does not take into account the time elapsed after a fracture. Kanis et al. recently proposed correction factors allowing to adjust the FRAX® score for fracture recency. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of fracture recency in the FRISBEE cohort. Methods We identified in the FRISBEE cohort subjects who sustained a validated fracture during the first 5 years following an incident MOF. We calculated their estimated 5-year risk of fracture using FRAX® uncorrected, adjusted for recency and further adjusted for the MOF/hip ratios calibration factors previously derived for the Belgian FRAX®. We compared the fracture risk estimated by FRAX® before and after these corrections to the observed incidence of validated fractures in our cohort. Results In our ongoing cohort, 376 subjects had a first non-traumatic incident validated MOF after inclusion; 81 had a secondary fracture during the 5 years follow-up period after this index fracture. The FRAX® score significantly under-evaluated the observed incidence of fractures in our cohort by 54.7 % (fracture rate of 9.7 %; 95 % CI, 6.8-12.9 %) if uncorrected (p < 0.001) and by 32.6 % after correction for recency (14.5 %; 95 % CI, 11.1-18.2 %) (p = 0.01). The calibration for MOF/hip ratios improved the prediction (17.5 %; 95 % CI: 13.7-21.4 %) (p = 0.2). After correcting for recency and for calibration, the predicted value was over-evaluated by 22 % (fracture rate of 26.1 %; 95 % CI, 21.6-30.5 %) but this over-evaluation was not significant (p = 0.1). Conclusion Our data indicate that the correction of the FRAX® score for fracture recency improves fracture prediction. However, correction for calibration and recency tends to overestimate fracture risk in this population of elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium,Corresponding author at: Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Laeken, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - A. Charles
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Moreau
- Data Centre, Institut J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Surquin
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Benoit
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J.J. Body
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium,Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P. Bergmann
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death despite many advances in medical and surgical therapy. In recent decades, the investigation for novel therapeutic strategies with greater efficacy and reduced side effects has led to a deeper understanding of the relationship between the microbiome and the immune system in the context of cancer. The ability of the immune system to detect and kill cancer is now recognized to be greatly influenced by the microbial ecosystem of the host. While most of these studies, as well as currently used immunotherapeutics, focus on the adaptive immune system, this minimizes the impact of the innate immune system in cancer surveillance and its regulation by the host microbiome. In this review, known influences of the microbiome on the innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment will be discussed in the context of individual innate immune cells. Current and needed areas of investigation will highlight the field and its potential impact in the clinical treatment of solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ryan M. Thomas
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA,Corresponding author at: University of Florida, Department of Surgery, PO Box 100109, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Buckinx F, Charles A, Demonceau C, Reginster JY, Bruyère O. [Physical activity in nursing homes: contributions of the SENIOR cohort]. Rev Med Liege 2023; 78:35-39. [PMID: 36634065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The SENIOR ("Sample of Elderly Nursing homes Individuals: an Observational Research") study is a prospective follow-up of a cohort of more than 600 people living in nursing homes in Belgium. One of the objectives of this study is to investigate ways of managing frailty in order to prevent the occurrence of adverse health events. Thanks to the numerous demographic, clinical and anamnestic data collected annually, this study has shown the importance of promoting qualitative physical activity in nursing homes in order to improve the quality of life of residents. Specifically, our research showed the positive effect of physical activity programmes on weekly energy expenditure and improvement of functional abilities, motivation to engage in physical activity and quality of life. Furthermore, the possibilities to improve the motivational context of group physical activity sessions and the feasibility of innovative physical activity programmes, based on the development of a giant play mat or the organisation of competitions in nursing homes, were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Buckinx
- Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'épidémiologie de la Santé et du Vieillissement Musculosquelettique, Division de Santé Publique, épidémiologie et économie de la Santé, ULiège, Belgique
| | - A Charles
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann,ULB, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - C Demonceau
- Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'épidémiologie de la Santé et du Vieillissement Musculosquelettique, Division de Santé Publique, épidémiologie et économie de la Santé, ULiège, Belgique
| | - J-Y Reginster
- Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'épidémiologie de la Santé et du Vieillissement Musculosquelettique, Division de Santé Publique, épidémiologie et économie de la Santé, ULiège, Belgique
| | - O Bruyère
- Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'épidémiologie de la Santé et du Vieillissement Musculosquelettique, Division de Santé Publique, épidémiologie et économie de la Santé, ULiège, Belgique.,Département des Sciences de la Motricité, ULiège, Belgique
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Charles A, Mugisha A, Iconaru L, Baleanu F, Benoit F, Surquin M, Bergmann P, Body JJ. Distribution of Fracture Sites in Postmenopausal Overweight and Obese Women: The FRISBEE Study. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:29-34. [PMID: 35316360 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00968-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The association between obesity and fracture sites in postmenopausal women has been little studied. We examined the most common types of fractures in obese and overweight postmenopausal women compared to subjects with a normal BMI in the FRISBEE study, a cohort of postmenopausal women followed since 9.1 (7.2-10.6) years. Chi-squared tests and logistic regressions were used to compare the percentages of fracture sites in overweight/obese subjects to subjects with a normal BMI. Their mean (± SD) age was 76.7 ± 6.9 years and their mean BMI was 26.4 ± 4.4. Seven hundred seventy-seven subjects suffered at least one validated fragility fracture with a total of 964 fractures in the whole cohort. Subjects with a BMI higher than 25 had significantly more ankle fractures and less pelvic fractures than subjects with a normal BMI (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.02-2.56, P = 0.04 and OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34-0.89, P = 0.01, respectively). There were no significant differences between overweight and obese subjects. Among those older than 75, there were significantly fewer pelvic fractures in overweight/obese subjects (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.87, P = 0.01), but before 75, ankle fractures were significantly more frequent in overweight/obese subjects than in subjects with a normal BMI (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.01-3.57, P = 0.04). In conclusion, the proportion of ankle and pelvic fractures in obese and overweight subjects differs from that in subjects with a normal BMI, but these differences are age dependent. Fracture prevention strategies should take into account the differential effects of excess weight according to age and the site of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charles
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - A Mugisha
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Benoit
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Surquin
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Bergmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Mugisha A, Bergmann P, Kinnard V, Iconaru L, Baleanu F, Charles A, Surquin M, Rozenberg S, Benoit F, Body JJ. MOF/Hip Fracture Ratio in a Belgian Cohort of Post-menopausal Women (FRISBEE): Potential Impact on the FRAX® Score. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:600-604. [PMID: 34159447 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ratio between major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) and hip fractures in the Belgian FRAX® tool to predict fractures is currently based on Swedish data. We determined these ratios in a prospective cohort of Belgian postmenopausal women. 3560 women, aged 60-85 years (70.1 ± 6.4 years), were included in a prospective study from 2007 to 2013 and surveyed yearly (FRISBEE). We analyzed the number of validated incident fractures until October 2020 by age and sites and compared the MOFs/hip ratios in this cohort with those from the Swedish databases. We registered 1336 fractures (mean follow-up of 9.1 years). The MOFs/hip ratios extracted from the FRISBEE cohort were 10.7 [95% CI: (5.6-20.5)], 6.4 [4.7-8.7], and 5.0 [3.9-6.5] for women of 60-69, 70-79, and 80-89 years old, respectively. These ratios were 1.7-1.8 times higher for all age groups than those from the Swedish data, which decreased from 6.5 (60-64 years group) down to 1.8 (85-89 age group). The overall MOFs/hip ratio in Frisbee was 6.0 [5.9-6.1], which was higher than any Swedish ratio between 65 and 85 years. Nevertheless, the decrease of the ratios with age paralleled that observed in Sweden. In this Brussels prospective cohort, MOFs/hip ratios were 1.7-1.8 times those observed in Sweden currently used for MOFs prediction in the Belgian FRAX® version. This discrepancy can greatly modify the estimation of the risk of MOFs, which is among the main criteria used to recommend a pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis in several countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mugisha
- Department of Geriatrics, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4 Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - P Bergmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Kinnard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Charles
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Surquin
- Department of Geriatrics, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4 Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Rozenberg
- Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Benoit
- Department of Geriatrics, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4 Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Charles A, Mugisha A, Iconaru L, Baleanu F, Benoit F, Surquin M, Bergmann P, Body JJ. Impact of non-hip fractures in elderly women: a narrative review. Climacteric 2021; 25:240-245. [PMID: 34806931 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1998433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The association of hip fractures with adverse outcomes is well established, but for non-hip fractures this association still needs to be further investigated. The objective of this narrative review is to describe the state of the art with regards to the health impact of clinically relevant non-hip fracture locations in postmenopausal women. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched from January 2010 until December 2020. Studies were included when the crude rates and/or relative risk of 1-year subsequent fractures and/or mortality were reported as well as the precise fracture site. Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Regarding mortality rates, there was a high variability between studies, with higher rates for vertebral, proximal humerus and pelvic fractures. There was a small or no impact of wrist, ankle or tibia fractures. The mortality rate increased with age after vertebral, proximal humerus and wrist fractures. Moreover, proximal humerus and vertebral fractures were associated with a higher mortality risk. This narrative review indicates that, besides fractures of the hip, fractures of the vertebrae, proximal humerus or pelvis deserve more attention when trying to prevent adverse outcomes of osteoporosis. More studies on the topic of non-hip fractures are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charles
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Mugisha
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Benoit
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Surquin
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Bergmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Williams BM, Purcell LN, Varela C, Gallaher J, Charles A. Non reducible inguinal hernias in Malawi: an occupational hazard. Hernia 2021; 25:1339-1344. [PMID: 33222030 PMCID: PMC8137715 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-020-02337-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inguinal hernias are one of the most common surgical conditions worldwide. Due to limited surgical access in low- and middle-income countries, many hernias present emergently; however, data on the resultant outcome disparities is limited. We, therefore, sought to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of incarcerated inguinal hernias at a tertiary center in Malawi. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of the acute care surgery registry at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. All patients > 13 years admitted with a non-reducible inguinal hernia from 2013 to 2019 were included. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. A Poisson multivariable regression determined factors associated with increased risk of mortality. RESULTS A total of 297 patients presented with non-reducible inguinal hernias, the majority of which were young (median age 38), male (93.6%), farmers (47.8%). Of the 81% who underwent surgery, 55% were delayed ≥ 24 h. 19.5% of hernias were strangulated. Overall mortality was 5.4%. Increased age (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.12), shock index ≥ 1 (RR 4.82, 95% CI 1.45-16.09), and delay ≥ 24 h from presentation to operative intervention (RR 11.24, 95% CI 1.55-81.34) resulted in an increase in relative risk of mortality. CONCLUSION Non-reducible inguinal hernias largely affect young male farmers in Malawi. Delays to care can limit economic productivity for this rural population, as well as, yield considerable risk of mortality. While specific patient and institutional factors must be further elucidated, increased awareness, public health prioritization, and surgical capacity building is needed to reduce further hernia-related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Williams
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - L N Purcell
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - C Varela
- Department of Surgery, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - J Gallaher
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - A Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi.
- UNC School of Medicine, 4008 Burnett Womack Building, CB 7228, Chapel Hill, USA.
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13
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Blee I, Da Costa J, Powers N, Omanyondo S, Charles A, Goulding JMR. Psychodermatology in psychiatry: awareness and education among psychiatry trainees. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 47:145-147. [PMID: 34260104 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Blee
- Jephson Dermatology Centre, Warwick Hospital, South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust, Warwick, UK
| | - J Da Costa
- General Adult Psychiatry Department, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Powers
- St Luke's Hospice, Palliative Care, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, London, UK
| | - S Omanyondo
- Eating Disorders Psychiatry Department, The Priory Hospital Woodbourne, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Charles
- General Adult Psychiatry, Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - J M R Goulding
- Dermatology Department, Solihull Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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14
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Iconaru L, Moreau M, Baleanu F, Kinnard V, Charles A, Mugisha A, Surquin M, Benoit F, Karmali R, Paesmans M, Body JJ, Bergmann P. Risk factors for imminent fractures: a substudy of the FRISBEE cohort. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1093-1101. [PMID: 33411010 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multiple factors increase the risk of an imminent fracture, including a recent fracture, older age, osteoporosis, comorbidities, and the fracture site. These findings could be a first step in the development of a model to predict an imminent fracture and select patients most at need of immediate treatment. INTRODUCTION The risk of a recurrent fragility fracture is maximal during the first 2 years following an incident fracture. In this prospective cohort study, we looked at the incidence of recurrent fractures within 2 years after a first incident fracture and we assessed independent clinical risk factors (CRFs) increasing this imminent fracture risk. METHODS A total of 3560 postmenopausal women recruited from 2007 to 2013 were surveyed yearly for the occurrence of fragility fractures. We identified patients who sustained a fracture during the first 2 years following a first incident fragility fracture. We quantified the risk of a new fracture and assessed independent CRFs, associated with an imminent fracture at various sites. RESULTS A recent fracture was a significant CRF for an imminent fracture (OR (95% CI): 3.7 (2.4-5.7) [p < 0.0001]). The incidence of an imminent fracture was higher in subjects above 80 years (p < 0.001). Other CRFs highly predictive in a multivariate analysis were osteoporosis diagnosis (p < 0.01), a central fracture as the index fracture (p < 0.01), and the presence of comorbidities (p < 0.05), with likelihood ratios of 1.9, 1.9, and 2.2, respectively. An imminent fracture was better predicted by a central fracture (p < 0.01) than by a major osteoporotic fracture. The hazard ratio was the highest for a central fracture. CONCLUSION In patients with a recent fracture, older age, osteoporosis, comorbidities, and fracture site were associated with an imminent fracture risk. These findings could be a first step in the development of a model to predict an imminent fracture and select patients most at need of immediate and most appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Iconaru
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - M Moreau
- Data Centre, Inst. J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Baleanu
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Kinnard
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Charles
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Mugisha
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Surquin
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Benoit
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Karmali
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Paesmans
- Data Centre, Inst. J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place van Gehuchten 4, Laeken, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Bergmann
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Charles A, Bourne CM, Korontsvit T, Aretz ZEH, Mun SS, Dao T, Klatt MG, Scheinberg DA. Low-dose CDK4/6 inhibitors induce presentation of pathway specific MHC ligands as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1916243. [PMID: 34104540 PMCID: PMC8158036 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1916243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) lead to cell-cycle arrest but also trigger T cell-mediated immunity, which might be mediated by changes in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands. We investigated the effects of CDK4/6i, abemaciclib and palbociclib, on the immunopeptidome at nontoxic levels in breast cancer cell lines by biochemical identification of HLA ligands followed by network analyses. This treatment led to upregulation of HLA and revealed hundreds of induced HLA ligands in breast cancer cell lines. These new ligands were significantly enriched for peptides derived from proteins involved in the “G1/S phase transition of cell cycle” including HLA ligands from CDK4/6, Cyclin D1 and the 26S regulatory proteasomal subunit 4 (PSMC1). Interestingly, peptides from proteins targeted by abemaciclib and palbociclib, were predicted to be the most likely to induce a T cell response. In strong contrast, peptides induced by solely one of the drugs had a lower T cell recognition score compared to the DMSO control suggesting that the observed effect is class dependent. This general hypothesis was exemplified by a peptide from PSMC1 which was among the HLA ligands with highest prediction scores and which elicited a T cell response in healthy donors. Overall, these data demonstrate that CDK4/6i treatment gives rise to drug-induced HLA ligands from G1/S phase transition, that have the highest chance for being recognized by T cells, thus providing evidence that inhibition of a distinct cellular process leads to increased presentation of the involved proteins that may be targeted by immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Charles
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA
| | - Christopher M Bourne
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Tanya Korontsvit
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA
| | - Zita E H Aretz
- Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Sung Soo Mun
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA
| | - Tao Dao
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA
| | - Martin G Klatt
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA.,Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
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Bellenger K, Hokayem P, Charles A, Vanlerberghe C. Évacuation sanitaire et déploiement d’un hôpital militaire durant la crise COVID : le biomédical également sollicité. IRBM News 2020. [PMCID: PMC7358753 DOI: 10.1016/j.irbmnw.2020.100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Hokayem
- CHRU de Brest
- AP–HM
- Centre hospitalier de Valenciennes
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Martel A, Nahon-Esteve S, Gastaud L, Bertolotto C, Lassalle S, Baillif S, Charles A. Incidence of Orbital Exenteration: A Nationwide Study in France over the 2006-2017 Period. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2020; 28:169-174. [PMID: 32693661 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2020.1795887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orbital exenteration is a radical and disfiguring surgery mainly performed for treating orbital malignancies. Recently, several studies found favorable results in terms of overall survival with eye-sparing surgeries combined with targeted therapies and/or radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of orbital exenteration and its evolution in France between 2006 and 2017. METHODS A national observational cohort study was conducted in France between January 2006 and December 2017. Data were collected from the national PMSI (Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information) database provided by the CNAM (Caisse Nationale de l'Assurance Maladie). All patients undergoing orbital exenteration over the study period in France were included. RESULTS One thousand and fifty-seven patients were included. The mean annual number of orbital exenterations was 88.1 (63-117), corresponding to a mean incidence of 0.1/100,000 inhabitants/year. A male predominance was noted (n = 626, 59.2%). Exenteration was mainly performed between 75 and 79 years. The underlying etiology was available for 821 patients (77.7%): malignancies were the most common (n = 755; 92.0%) followed by infectious diseases (n = 16; 1.9%). Over the study period, no statistical difference in the mean incidence of orbital exenteration was found (p = .132). CONCLUSION The mean annual incidence of orbital exenteration was 0.1/100,000 inhabitants in France and was not significantly modified during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martel
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - S Nahon-Esteve
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - L Gastaud
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - C Bertolotto
- Inserm, C3M, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - S Lassalle
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Côte d'Azur University, FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - S Baillif
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - A Charles
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
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Prin M, Kadyaudzu C, Aagaard K, Charles A. Obstetric admissions and outcomes in an intensive care unit in Malawi. Int J Obstet Anesth 2019; 39:99-104. [PMID: 31010611 PMCID: PMC6626685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite international commitment to Millennium Development Goal 5, maternal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) of sub-Saharan Africa. This is in part due to infrastructure gaps, including availability of intensive care units (ICUs). We sought to use obstetric ICU utilization as a marker of severe maternal morbidity and provide an initial characterization of its relationship with in-hospital mortality. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study of all obstetric subjects admitted to the ICU of Kamuzu Central Hospital in Malawi from September 2016 to March 2018. We reviewed charts at the time of ICU admission to assess the indication for admission, clinical characteristics and laboratory values. Subjects were followed until death or discharge. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS One-hundred-and-five obstetric patients were admitted to the study ICU (23% of all admissions). The median age was 26 years. The majority (79%) had undergone recent surgery; 40 (52%) an abdominal postnatal or cesarean hysterectomy and 31 (40%) a cesarean delivery without hysterectomy. Ninety-five percent required mechanical ventilation and 48% required vasopressors. Overall in-hospital mortality was 49%. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of obstetric subjects admitted to the ICU in Malawi is nearly 1 in 4, which exceeds that found in high-income countries by orders of magnitude. Intensive care unit admission was associated with high mortality in this population. Investments in improving infrastructure and care gaps may include addressing available ICU bed and blood-banking needs, and increasing the number of providers trained in managing critical illness among obstetric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Prin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | - K Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Charles
- Dept. of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Smith Z, Muronya W, Charles A, Gower W E, Mottl K A, BJORNSTAD E. SUN-175 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN A MALAWIAN ADULT TRAUMA COHORT. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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20
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Buckinx F, Charles A, Reginster JY, Petermans J, Bruyère O. [Frailty in nursing home : contribution of the SENIOR study]. Rev Med Liege 2019; 74:212-217. [PMID: 30997971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, clinicians and researchers have shown increasing interest in frailty. However, there is still no consensus regarding its operational definition. An interesting definition in this context could be the one that best predicts functional decline and the occurrence of negative health outcomes. Moreover, frailty could be avoided, delayed and sometimes cured by the implementation of targeted interventions. The SENIOR cohort, a longitudinal study of nursing home residents, initiated in 2013, aims to contribute to the understanding of risk factors, consequences and dynamic of frailty. It also contributes to its management. This cohort is of great interest among scientists. Because of the large number of demographic, clinical and anamnestic data collected each year, the SENIOR study could fill the gap in the literature related to the frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Buckinx
- Service de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Economie de la Santé, Liège Université, Belgique. Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'étude de la santé et du vieillissement de l'appareil musculo-squelettique
| | - A Charles
- Service de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Economie de la Santé, Liège Université, Belgique. Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'étude de la santé et du vieillissement de l'appareil musculo-squelettique
| | - J Y Reginster
- Service de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Economie de la Santé, Liège Université, Belgique. Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'étude de la santé et du vieillissement de l'appareil musculo-squelettique
| | - J Petermans
- Département de Gériatrie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - O Bruyère
- Service de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Economie de la Santé, Liège Université, Belgique. Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour l'étude de la santé et du vieillissement de l'appareil musculo-squelettique
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Abstract
The majority of Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood product transfusion, even when it can be lifesaving. Treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (RHuEPO) is a valuable adjunct in Jehovah's Witness patients undergoing surgery. A number of additional strategies, including acute normovolaemic haemodilution, intra-operative blood salvage and reinfusion, iron and folate supplementation are also utilized to avoid blood transfusion. Critically ill patients have blunted erythropoietin production and decreased endogenous iron availability. This case report reviews the treatment of anaemia in critically ill Jehovah's Witness patients after surgery and discusses the potential need for higher RHuEPO dosing strategies and longer duration of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charles
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Robinson S, Dudzevicius V, Sathyamurthy R, Mustafa R, Hartley R, Andrijevskiene G, Linkin K, Jasper T, Hughes J, Fenwick S, Sircus H, Clerk N, Shears R, Charles A, Taylor C, Dover K, Wood A. P3.11-18 Implementing One Stop Lung Clinic to Improve Diagnostic Timeliness in Lung Cancer Patients in the North of England. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Buckinx F, Charles A, Rygaert X, Reginster JY, Adam S, Bruyère O. Own attitude toward aging among nursing home residents: results of the SENIOR cohort. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:1151-1159. [PMID: 30051416 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-1013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereotypes associated with aging are of great concern as extensive literature emphasizes its deleterious effects on physical and mental health of the elderly. AIM To assess the relationship between the attitude toward aging and the frailty status of nursing homes residents. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of the data collected at baseline in the SENIOR cohort was conducted. All subjects received a diagnosis of frailty based on the Fried's criteria. They also responded to the Attitude to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ) and other questions assessing their subjective age, the age at which someone stops being considered young or is considered old and the open-ended Image-of-Aging question to evaluate the relationship between their perception of aging and their frailty status. RESULTS 272 nursing home residents (83.9 ± 8.19 years; 75% women) participated in this study. Out of them, 54 (19.9%) were frail, 182 (66.9%) were pre-frail, and 36 (13.2%) were robust. According to the AAQ questionnaire, frail subjects have a more negative perception of aging (score of 80.3 ± 10.2 points) than pre-frail subjects (83.6 ± 10.8) and robust subjects (86.5 ± 10.5) (p = 0.02). However, the three groups did not differ in the age that would mark, to their opinion, the end of youth (p = 0.93) or the beginning of old age (p = 0.98). The subjective age, rapported by nursing home residents, was not significantly different according to their frailty status. At least, based on the Open-Ended Image of Aging question, the residents' vision of aging was not different according to the frailty status (p = 0.52). CONCLUSION Based on the AAQ, frail subjects have more negative attitude to ageing compared to non-frail ones.
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Geiger T, Wang M, Charles A, Randolph S, Boekeloo B. HIV Serostatus Disclosure and Engagement in Medical Care Among Predominantly Low Income but Insured African American Adults with HIV. AIDS Behav 2017; 21:163-173. [PMID: 27460094 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-016-1479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
More than half of persons living with HIV (PLWH) do not enter into or remain in continuous HIV medical care. Disclosure of HIV serostatus to social contacts may play an important role in successful engagement of PLWH with medical care. The effect of disclosure on medical care engagement was examined in a sample of African American PLWH (n = 262) recruited from community-based organizations as part of a peer community health worker initiative. At baseline assessment, many of the PLWH (46 %) reported they had not disclosed their serostatus to others. Engagement in medical care was assessed 45 and 90 days after enrollment. Participants who disclosed their HIV status were subsequently more likely to engage in HIV medical care (78 %) than persons who did not disclose their status (66 %), an effect that was confirmed in multiple logistic regression. The findings highlight disclosure as an important predictor of engagement in HIV medical care for PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Geiger
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, Building #255 Valley Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - M Wang
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, Building #255 Valley Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - A Charles
- Institute for Public Health Innovation, 1301 Connecticut Ave., Suite 200, Washington, DC, 20036, USA
| | - S Randolph
- MayaTech Corporation, 8401 Colesville Road, Suite 430, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - B Boekeloo
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, Building #255 Valley Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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Abdulbari HA, Yunus RM, Charles A. A Turbulence-Altering Pseudo-Surface for Enhancing the Flow in Pipes. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2014.993470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gilhooley J, Bolger M, Charles A, Cleary E, Lane A, Malone K. Young, Male and Feeling Suicidal in Ireland: Is Help or Harm Just One Click Away? Ir Med J 2015; 108:307-308. [PMID: 26817288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reports suggest an association between internet use and the elevated risk of suicide and self harm. This study examined the resources a suicidal person might find when searching the internet 'front page' for help. Voluntary suicide help websites accounted for 7/12 front page hits. The National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF) and the National Office for Suicide Prevention (NOSP), a blog and a newspaper article made up the remainder. Sites were difficult to navigate and highly variable in content. Phone credit was required in many cases in order to contact helplines; opening hours and locations were limited. Most statutory websites referred help-seekers to the voluntary sector, mainly the Samaritans. Information on fundraising and volunteering competed with other sources of help. Of concern, the front page also included links to methods to complete suicide. Irish professional medical bodies offered very limited advice. Our findings suggest that online information is variable and potentially harmful. There is an opportunity for all agencies and providers to generate a co-ordinated internet front page tailored for at-risk groups.
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Osborne C, Charles A, Hare A, Thiruchelvam P, Shipway DJH. 10 * STRATEGIES TO INCREASE FRAILTY SCREENING IN OLDER SURGICAL INPATIENTS. Age Ageing 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afv029.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hansen JM, Goadsby PJ, Charles A. Reduced efficacy of sumatriptan in migraine with aura vs without aura. Neurology 2015; 84:1880-5. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Baca SM, Barth A, Mody I, Charles A. EHMTI-0244. Optogenetic elicitation of cortical spreading depression in unanesthetized, head-restrained mice. J Headache Pain 2014. [PMCID: PMC4182039 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-s1-f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hansen JM, Goadsby PJ, Charles A. EHMTI-0039. Different efficacy of acute migraine therapies for migraine with aura versus without aura. J Headache Pain 2014. [PMCID: PMC4182209 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-s1-g26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hansen JM, Goadsby PJ, Charles A. EHMTI-0044. Variability of clinical features in attacks of migraine with aura. J Headache Pain 2014. [PMCID: PMC4182054 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-s1-d41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ridgway E, Grose J, Charles A, Hewett J, Jarvis M, Benjamin S. Does labelling a rare cancer diagnosis ‘good’ affect the patient's experience of treatment and recovery? Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2014; 25:348-55. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Ridgway
- Mustard Tree Macmillan Centre; Derriford Hospital; Plymouth
| | - J. Grose
- Faculty of Health, Education and Society; University of Plymouth, Drake Circus; Plymouth
| | - A. Charles
- c/o Mustard Tree Macmillan Centre; Derriford Hospital; Plymouth
| | | | - M. Jarvis
- c/o Mustard Tree Macmillan Centre; Derriford Hospital; Plymouth
| | - S. Benjamin
- Northern, Eastern and Western Devon Clinical Clinical Commissioning Group; Devon UK
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Schallhorn RA, Charles A, Clem D, McClain PK, Newman MG. RETRACTED: A Practice-Based Case Series Evaluation of a Porcine Collagen Matrix to Thicken Soft Tissue, Increase Keratinized Tissue, and Improve Esthetics Around Existing Dental Implants ( Clin Adv Periodontics March 28, 2012 [published online ahead of print]; doi: 10.1902/cap.2012.110077). Clin Adv Periodontics 2014. [DOI: 10.1902/cap.2014.142001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hansen J, Baca S, Charles A. Distinctive anatomical and physiological features of migraine aura revealed by 20years of patient recording. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hansen J, Goadsby P, Charles A. Prospective recordings of the clinical presentation of migraine with typical aura. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Starling A, Bravo T, Chiacchierini R, Lipton R, Goadsby P, Silberstein S, Charles A, Aurora S, Dodick D. Total migraine freedom (TMF) for single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) versus triptans for the early acute treatment of migraine. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wu MK, Sabbaghian N, Xu B, Addidou-Kalucki S, Bernard C, Zou D, Reeve AE, Eccles MR, Cole C, Choong CS, Charles A, Tan TY, Iglesias DM, Goodyer PR, Foulkes WD. Biallelic DICER1 mutations occur in Wilms tumours. J Pathol 2013; 230:154-64. [PMID: 23620094 DOI: 10.1002/path.4196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DICER1 is an endoribonuclease central to the generation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Germline mutations in DICER1 have been associated with a pleiotropic tumour predisposition syndrome and Wilms tumour (WT) is a rare manifestation of this syndrome. Three WTs, each in a child with a deleterious germline DICER1 mutation, were screened for somatic DICER1 mutations and were found to bear specific mutations in either the RNase IIIa (n = 1) or the RNase IIIb domain (n = 2). In the two latter cases, we demonstrate that the germline and somatic DICER1 mutations were in trans, suggesting that the two-hit hypothesis of tumour formation applies for these examples of WT. Among 191 apparently sporadic WTs, we identified five different missense or deletion somatic DICER1 mutations (2.6%) in four individual WTs; one tumour had two very likely deleterious somatic mutations in trans in the RNase IIIb domain (c.5438A>G and c.5452G>A). In vitro studies of two somatic single-base substitutions (c.5429A>G and c.5438A>G) demonstrated exon 25 skipping from the transcript, a phenomenon not previously reported in DICER1. Further we show that DICER1 transcripts lacking exon 25 can be translated in vitro. This study has demonstrated that a subset of WTs exhibits two 'hits' in DICER1, suggesting that these mutations could be key events in the pathogenesis of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Johnston M, Jordan S, Charles A. Pain referral patterns of the C1-C3 nerve roots: implications for headache disorders and the development of new therapies. J Headache Pain 2013. [PMCID: PMC3620268 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-s1-p49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Pradhan A, McGuire B, Charles A. Characterization of a novel model for chronic migraine. J Headache Pain 2013. [PMCID: PMC3620384 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-s1-p81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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40
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Hansen JM, Lipton RB, Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, Saper JR, Aurora SK, Goadsby PJ, Charles A. Migraine headache is present in the aura phase – a prospective study. J Headache Pain 2013. [PMCID: PMC3620131 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-s1-p130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Johnston M, Jordan S, Charles A. Pain referral patterns of the C1-C3 nerve roots: implications for headache disorders and the development of new therapies. J Headache Pain 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-1-s1-p49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hansen JM, Lipton RB, Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, Saper JR, Aurora SK, Goadsby PJ, Charles A. Migraine headache is present in the aura phase – a prospective study. J Headache Pain 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-1-s1-p130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pradhan A, McGuire B, Charles A. Characterization of a novel model for chronic migraine. J Headache Pain 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-1-s1-p81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Brennan KC, Tang T, Lopez-Valdes H, Charles A, Ju YS. Minimum Conditions for the Induction of Cortical Spreading Depression: Implications for Migraine with Aura (S16.002). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s16.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Merchant MS, Chou AJ, Price A, Geller JI, Tsokos M, Graham C, Charles A, Meyers PA, Mackall C. Lexatumumab: Results of a phase I trial in pediatric patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.9500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Charles A, Marc B, Sabine V. 247 Improving comprehensive care of patients with cardiovascular risk factors. BMJ Qual Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2010.041624.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Since its original extensive description by Leao in 1944, thousands of publications have characterized the phenomenon of cortical spreading depression (CSD). Despite the attention that CSD has received over more than six decades, however, many fundamental questions regarding its initiation, propagation, functional consequences, and relationship to migraine and other human disorders remain unanswered. Advances in genetics and cellular imaging have led to important insights into the basic mechanisms of CSD, with increasing attention focused on specific neuronal ion channels, neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. In addition, there is growing recognition that astrocytes and the vasculature may play an active, rather than simply a passive or reactive role in CSD. Several recent descriptions of CSD in humans in the setting of brain injury provide definitive evidence that this phenomenon can occur and have important functional consequences in the human brain. Although the exact role of CSD in migraine has yet to be conclusively established, there is strong evidence that the investigation of CSD in animal models can provide meaningful information about migraine that can be translated into the clinical setting. This review will briefly address the extensive work that has been done on CSD over more than half a century, but focus primarily on more recent studies with a particular emphasis on relevance to migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charles
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Charles A, Lavaud F, Gallet A, Boulay-Malinovsky C, Mertes PM, Malinovsky JM. Anaphylactic reaction to hydroxyzine in an anesthetized patient. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 41:120-122. [PMID: 19877565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A case of anaphylaxis occurring during a general anesthesia is presented. The reaction was severe with bronchospasm and hypotension (grade 2 in the severity of per-operative anaphylactic shock). The responsibility of hydroxyzine, administered for premedication was suspected by intradermal testing with the molecule, which was twice positive at a 10(-2) dilution of the commercial solution. The same test remained negative in 5 control subjects. All the other drugs received during anesthesia gave negative results. Using the same protocol excepted for the use of hydroxyzine a new general anesthesia could be performed under a premedication with dexchlorpheniramine without any allergic reaction. Anaphylactic reactions are very rare with hydroxyzine used in premedication for anesthesia in regard to the large prescription of the drug. Only two previous cases were reported but attention of the allergist must be also pointed towards the medications received in the perioperative period as for the anesthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charles
- Service d'Anesthésie et Reanimation, Pôle URAD, CHU, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
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Manimunda SP, Shah WA, Shriram AN, Sugunan AP, Titus E, Charles A, Sur SK, Vijayachari P. Malaria in Car Nicobar Island in the aftermath of the tsunami: some observations. Natl Med J India 2009; 22:217-218. [PMID: 20121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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