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He Y, Peng Y, Sun Y, Wan Y, Zhuo R, Hu S, Wang Y, Hu X, Jin H, Hua K. AMPK signaling pathway regulated the expression of the ApoA1 gene via the transcription factor Egr1 during G. parasuis stimulation. Vet Microbiol 2024; 294:110106. [PMID: 38776767 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) is the causative agent of porcine Glässer's disease, resulting in high mortality rates in pigs due to excessive inflammation-induced tissue damage. Previous studies investigating the protective effects of G. parasuis vaccination indicated a possible role of ApoA1 in reflecting disease progression following G. parasuis infection. However, the mechanisms of ApoA1 expression and its role in these infections are not well understood. In this investigation, newborn porcine tracheal (NPTr) epithelial cells infected with G. parasuis were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism and role of ApoA1. The study revealed that the AMPK pathway activation inhibited ApoA1 expression in NPTr cells infected with G. parasuis for the first time. Furthermore, Egr1 was identified as a core transcription factor regulating ApoA1 expression using a CRISPR/Cas9-based system. Importantly, it was discovered that APOA1 protein significantly reduced apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and inflammatory factors induced by G. parasuis in vivo. These findings not only enhance our understanding of ApoA1 in response to bacterial infections but also highlight its potential in mitigating tissue damage caused by G. parasuis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yuna Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yanxi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Ran Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xueying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Hui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
| | - Kexin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
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Ni J, Wu P, Lu X, Xu C. Examining the cross-sectional relationship of platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with depressive symptoms in adults in the United States. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:427. [PMID: 38849781 PMCID: PMC11157938 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Herein, we examined the correlation between platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) and symptoms of depression among United States adults. METHODS Data acquired from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, involving individuals ≥ 20 years of age, with available PHR and depression diagnosis information. We employed weighted uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the distinct correlation between PHR and depressive symptoms. Additionally, we conducted subgroup, interaction, and restricted cubic spline analyses. RESULTS In all, 28,098 subjects were recruited for analysis, with 8.04% depression status and 19.31 ± 0.11 mean PHR value. Depressive symptoms increased with higher quartiles of PHR. Following fully confounder adjustments in model 2, participants with the largest PHR quartiles exhibited a 53% (OR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.00-2.33, P = 0.05) raised depressive symptoms, relative to participants with least PHR quartiles. Based on the two-piece-wise regression, the breakpoint was PHR = 23.76, and a positive association was more evident when PHR < 23.76 (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02-1.10, P = 0.01). When PHR ≥ 23.76, the correlation disappeared (P = 0.85). Using subgroup and interaction analyses, we revealed a positive relationship between PHR and depressive symptoms almost consistent among various population settings. CONCLUSIONS A convenient biomarker, the PHR was independently associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms and may be a promising new bioindicator for the prediction of depression diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ni
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China
| | - Pu Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China.
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chaoyang Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China.
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Wang J, Li S, Pu H, He J. The association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and the risk of osteoporosis among U.S. adults: analysis of NHANES data. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:161. [PMID: 38831342 PMCID: PMC11145830 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis frequently afflict older adults, and recent insights suggest a deeper connection between these conditions that surpasses mere aging effects. The ratio of non-high-density to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) has emerged as a novel lipid marker for evaluating the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, investigations into the correlation of the NHHR with the risk of developing osteoporosis remain unexplored. METHODS We collected NHHR and bone mineral density (BMD) data from 11,024 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants between 2011 and 2018. Multivariate linear regression was employed to examine the correlation between BMD and NHHR. Smooth curves were employed to deal with the nonlinearity. To further account for the nonlinear link, we used a two-part linear regression model. The threshold effects were estimated using two components of a linear regression model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were carried out to ascertain the stability of the findings. RESULTS We discovered a negative relationship between the NHHR and lumbar spine BMD in all three models. An L-shaped curvilinear association existed between the NHHR and lumbar spine BMD, with a key inflection point of 6.91. The fully adjusted model showed that the BMD of the lumbar spine fell by 0.03 g/cm2 in those who were in the fourth quartile as opposed to the lowest quartile. The sensitivity analysis using unweighted logistic analysis verified the stability of the results. In addition, BMD in the nondiabetic group was more significantly affected by the negative effect of the NHHR in the subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS According to this research, there appears to be a negative correlation between BMD and NHHR in US Adults. To clarify the precise physiological mechanisms by which the NHHR contributes to the onset of osteoporosis, more research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhou Wang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Hongyu Pu
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fushun People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643000, China
| | - Jiangtao He
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China.
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Maes M, Zhou B, Jirakran K, Vasupanrajit A, Boonchaya-Anant P, Tunvirachaisakul C, Tang X, Li J, Almulla AF. Towards a major methodological shift in depression research by assessing continuous scores of recurrence of illness, lifetime and current suicidal behaviors and phenome features. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:728-740. [PMID: 38246281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The binary major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis is inadequate and should never be used in research. AIMS The study's objective is to explicate our novel precision nomothetic strategy for constructing depression models based on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), lifetime and current phenome, and biomarker (atherogenicity indices) scores. METHODS This study assessed recurrence of illness (ROI: namely recurrence of depressive episodes and suicidal behaviors, SBs), lifetime and current SBs and the phenome of depression, neuroticism, dysthymia, anxiety disorders, and lipid biomarkers including apolipoprotein (Apo)A, ApoB, free cholesterol and cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol in 67 normal controls and 66 MDD patients. We computed atherogenic and reverse cholesterol transport indices. RESULTS We were able to extract one factor from a) the lifetime phenome of depression comprising ROI, and traits such as neuroticism, dysthymia and anxiety disorders, and b) the phenome of the acute phase (based on depression, anxiety and quality of life scores). PLS analysis showed that 55.7 % of the variance in the lifetime + current phenome factor was explained by increased atherogenicity, neglect and sexual abuse, while atherogenicity partially mediated the effects of neglect. Cluster analysis generated a cluster of patients with major dysmood disorder, which was externally validated by increased atherogenicity and characterized by increased scores of all clinical features. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of depression should not be represented as a binary variable (MDD or not), but rather as multiple dimensional scores based on biomarkers, ROI, subclinical depression traits, and lifetime and current phenome scores including SBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maes
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Ketsupar Jirakran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Maximizing Children's Developmental Potential, Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asara Vasupanrajit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patchaya Boonchaya-Anant
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xiaoou Tang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jing Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Abbas F Almulla
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
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Sirca TB, Mureșan ME, Pallag A, Marian E, Jurca T, Vicaș LG, Tunduc IP, Manole F, Ștefan L. The Role of Polyphenols in Modulating PON1 Activity Regarding Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2962. [PMID: 38474211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases are still rising. The principal mechanism that drives them is atherosclerosis, an affection given by dyslipidemia and a pro-inflammatory state. Paraoxonase enzymes have a protective role due to their ability to contribute to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, especially paraoxonase 1 (PON1). PON1 binds with HDL (high-density lipoprotein), and high serum levels lead to a protective state against dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and many others. Modulating PON1 expression might be a treatment objective with significant results in limiting the prevalence of atherosclerosis. Lifestyle including diet and exercise can raise its levels, and some beneficial plants have been found to influence PON1 levels; therefore, more studies on herbal components are needed. Our purpose is to highlight the principal roles of Praoxonase 1, its implications in dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and other diseases, and to emphasize plants that can modulate PON1 expression, targeting the potential of some flavonoids that could be introduced as supplements in our diet and to validate the hypothesis that flavonoids have any effects regarding PON1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Bianca Sirca
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, No. 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Mariana Eugenia Mureșan
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, No. 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Annamaria Pallag
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Eleonora Marian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Tunde Jurca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Laura Grațiela Vicaș
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana Paula Tunduc
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical County Emergency Hospital of Bihor, Gheorghe Doja Street 65-67, 410169 Oradea, Romania
| | - Felicia Manole
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Liana Ștefan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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Misiak B, Pawlak E, Rembacz K, Kotas M, Żebrowska-Różańska P, Kujawa D, Łaczmański Ł, Piotrowski P, Bielawski T, Samochowiec J, Samochowiec A, Karpiński P. Associations of gut microbiota alterations with clinical, metabolic, and immune-inflammatory characteristics of chronic schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:152-160. [PMID: 38281465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The present study had the following aims: 1) to compare gut microbiota composition in patients with schizophrenia and controls and 2) to investigate the association of differentially abundant bacterial taxa with markers of inflammation, intestinal permeability, lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis as well as clinical manifestation. A total of 115 patients with schizophrenia during remission of positive and disorganization symptoms, and 119 controls were enrolled. Altogether, 32 peripheral blood markers were assessed. A higher abundance of Eisenbergiella, Family XIII AD3011 group, Eggerthella, Hungatella, Lactobacillus, Olsenella, Coprobacillus, Methanobrevibacter, Ligilactobacillus, Eubacterium fissicatena group, and Clostridium innocuum group in patients with schizophrenia was found. The abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides was decreased in patients with schizophrenia. Differentially abundant genera were associated with altered levels of immune-inflammatory markers, zonulin, lipid profile components, and insulin resistance. Moreover, several correlations of differentially abundant genera with cognitive impairment, higher severity of negative symptoms, and worse social functioning were observed. The association of Methanobrevibacter abundance with the level of negative symptoms, cognition, and social functioning appeared to be mediated by the levels of interleukin-6 and RANTES. In turn, the association of Hungatella with the performance of attention was mediated by the levels of zonulin. The findings indicate that compositional alterations of gut microbiota observed in patients with schizophrenia correspond with clinical manifestation, intestinal permeability, subclinical inflammation, lipid profile alterations, and impaired glucose homeostasis. Subclinical inflammation and impaired gut permeability might mediate the association of gut microbiota alterations with psychopathological symptoms and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Edyta Pawlak
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Rembacz
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Kotas
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Żebrowska-Różańska
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Kujawa
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łaczmański
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bielawski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Samochowiec
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Karpiński
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Qi X, Wang S, Huang Q, Chen X, Qiu L, Ouyang K, Chen Y. The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and risk of depression among US adults: A cross-sectional NHANES study. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:451-457. [PMID: 37838268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NHHR (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio) is a new lipid parameter used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the association between NHHR and the risk of depression has not been studied before. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016. The PHQ-9 questionnaire was used to evaluate depression. A weighted multivariable logistic regression model and a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were applied to investigate the association between NHHR and depression risk. Additionally, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS In the total population, compared with the lowest reference group of NHHR, participants in the fourth quartile had a significantly increased risk of depression after full adjustments (OR: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.05-2.49). A linear dose-response relationship existed between NHHR and depression risk (P non-linearity = 0.264). The association remained significant in several subgroup analyses. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design and use of self-reported scales. CONCLUSION NHHR was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression in U.S. adults. Additional research on NHHR would help in depression prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Qi
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianwen Huang
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liangxian Qiu
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Messedi M, Makni-Ayadi F. 24S-Hydroxycholesterol in Neuropsychiatric Diseases: Schizophrenia, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Bipolar Disorder. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1440:293-304. [PMID: 38036886 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric diseases (NPDs) are severe, debilitating psychiatric conditions that affect the nervous system. These are among the most challenging disorders in medicine. Some examples include Alzheimer's, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. NPDs represent an ever-increasing burden on public health and are prevalent throughout the world. For most of these diseases, the particular etiopathogeneses are still enigmatic. NPDs are also associated with structural and functional changes in the brain, along with altered neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine systems.Approximately 25% of the total human body cholesterol is located in the brain. Its involvement in neuronal functions starts in the early growth stages and remains important throughout adulthood. It is also an integral part of the neuronal membrane, ensuring membrane lipid organization and regulating membrane fluidity. The main mechanism for removing cholesterol from the brain is cholesterol 24-hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1), an enzyme specifically found in the central nervous system. Although research on 24S-OHC and its role in neuropsychiatric diseases is still in its early stages, this oxidized cholesterol metabolite is thought to play a crucial role in the etiology of NPDs. 24S-OHC can affect neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and vascular cells. In addition to regulating the homeostasis of cholesterol in the brain, this oxysterol is involved in neurotransmission, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The role of 24S-OHC in NPDs has been found to be controversial in terms of the findings so far. There are several intriguing discrepancies in the data gathered so far regarding 24S-OHC and NPDs. In fact, 24S-OHC levels were reported to have decreased in a number of NPDs and increased in others.Hence, in this chapter, we first summarize the available data regarding 24S-OHC as a biomarker in NPDs, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and bipolar disorder. Then, we present a brief synopsis of the pharmacological targeting of 24S-OHC levels through the modulation of CYP46A1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Messedi
- Research Laboratory "Molecular Basis of Human Diseases", LR19ES13, Sfax Medicine School, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Makni-Ayadi
- Research Laboratory "Molecular Basis of Human Diseases", LR19ES13, Sfax Medicine School, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Department of Clinical biochemistry, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
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Lu Y, Li B, Wei M, Zhu Q, Gao L, Ma N, Ma X, Yang Q, Tong Z, Lu G, Li W. HDL inhibits pancreatic acinar cell NLRP3 inflammasome activation and protect against acinar cell pyroptosis in acute pancreatitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:110950. [PMID: 37890377 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent clinical studies have shown that serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are correlated with acute pancreatitis (AP) severity. We aimed to investigate the role of HDL in pancreatic necrosis in AP. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH ApoA-I is the main constitution and function component of HDL. The roles of healthy human-derived HDL and apoA-I mimic peptide D4F were demonstrated in AP models in vivo and in vitro. Constitutive Apoa1 genetic inhibition on AP severity, especially pancreatic necrosis was assessed in both caerulein and sodium taurocholate induced mouse AP models. In addition, constitutive (Casp1-/-) and acinar cell conditional (Pdx1CreNlrp3Δ/Δ and Pdx1CreGsdmdΔ/Δ) mice were used to explore the effects of HDL on acinar cell pyroptosis in AP. KEY RESULTS Apoa1 knockout dramatically aggravated pancreatic necrosis. Human-derived HDL protected against acinar cell death in vivo and in vitro. We found that mimic peptide D4F also protected against AP very well. Constitutive Casp1 or acinar cell-conditional Nlrp3 and Gsdmd genetic inhibition could counteract the protective effects of HDL, implying HDL may exert beneficial effects on AP through inhibiting acinar cell pyroptosis. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This work demonstrates the protective role of HDL and apoA-I in AP pathology, potentially driven by the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and acinar cell pyroptosis. Mimic peptides have promise as specific therapies for AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Baiqiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingtian Zhu
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368 Hanjiang Media Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368 Hanjiang Media Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihui Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guotao Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China; Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368 Hanjiang Media Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368 Hanjiang Media Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weiqin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Kang T, Qin X, Lei Q, Yang Q. BRAP silencing protects against neuronal inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting PON1 expression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2645-2655. [PMID: 37647369 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRCA1 associated protein (BRAP) participates in the regulation of myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. But the function of BRAP in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury has not been elucidated yet. METHODS BRAP expression in PC12 cells in response to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment was examined with Western blot assay. PC12 cells underwent OGD/R-treatment and were subsequently transfected with pcDNA-BRAP or sh-BRAP, followed by determination of viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine secretion, and oxidative stress marker protein levels. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) promoter methylation was evaluated with methylation-specific PCR assay. the effect of BRAP/PON1 axis on CIR injury was investigated by rescue experiments. Additionally, sh-BRAP was injected into a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model, and the changes of neurological damage were evaluated. RESULTS BRAP overexpression exacerbated OGD/R-induced viability reduction, LDH production, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine secretion and oxidative stress in PC12 neuronal cells. In contrast, BRAP silencing showed the opposite results. Mechanistically, BRAP reduced PON1 expression by promoting DNA methyl transferase1 (DNMT1)-mediated PON1 promoter methylation. PON1 silencing reversed BRAP-mediated neuroprotection. Additionally, BRAP silencing alleviated CIR-induced neurological damage in MCAO rats. CONCLUSION BRAP silencing suppressed OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and alleviated CIR-induced neurological damage in MCAO rats through facilitating PON1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Kang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao Qin
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Lei
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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11
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Almulla AF, Thipakorn Y, Algon AAA, Tunvirachaisakul C, Al-Hakeim HK, Maes M. Reverse cholesterol transport and lipid peroxidation biomarkers in major depression and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:374-388. [PMID: 37557967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are linked to immune activation, increased oxidative stress, and lower antioxidant defenses. OBJECTIVES To systematically review and meta-analyze all data concerning biomarkers of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), lipid-associated antioxidants, lipid peroxidation products, and autoimmune responses to oxidatively modified lipid epitopes in MDD and BD. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Google scholar and SciFinder were searched to identify eligible studies from inception to January 10th, 2023. Guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. RESULTS The current meta-analysis included 176 studies (60 BD and 116 MDD) and examined 34,051 participants, namely 17,094 with affective disorders and 16,957 healthy controls. Patients with MDD and BD showed a) significantly decreased RCT (mainly lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and paraoxonase 1); b) lowered lipid soluble vitamins (including vitamin A, D, and coenzyme Q10); c) increased lipid peroxidation and aldehyde formation, mainly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal, peroxides, and 8-isoprostanes; and d) Immunoglobulin (Ig)G responses to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and IgM responses to MDA. The ratio of all lipid peroxidation biomarkers/all lipid-associated antioxidant defenses was significantly increased in MDD (standardized mean difference or SMD = 0.433; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.312; 0.554) and BD (SMD = 0.653; CI: 0.501-0.806). This ratio was significantly greater in BD than MDD (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION In MDD/BD, lowered RCT, a key antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathway, may drive increased lipid peroxidation, aldehyde formation, and autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes, which all together cause increased immune-inflammatory responses and neuro-affective toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas F Almulla
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yanin Thipakorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute, Medical University in Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Department of Psychiatry, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China.
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12
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Korkmaz ŞA, Kızgın S. Neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), monocyte/HDL and platelet/HDL ratios are increased in acute mania as markers of inflammation, even after controlling for confounding factors. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:1383-1390. [PMID: 37725087 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2260302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies show that inflammation is related to the pathogenesis of acute mania of bipolar disorder. Neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (NHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR) and platelet/HDL ratio (PHR) have recently been investigated as novel markers of inflammation. In addition, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic coefficient (AC) are the leading atherogenic indices. The study aimed to investigate these inflammation and atherogenic index markers in acute mania of bipolar disorder. Another aim was to determine whether there is a relationship between these markers and disease severity and psychotic symptoms. METHODS A total of 109 BD-M and 101 (HC) were enrolled in the study. The differences in NHR, LHR, MHR, PHR, AIP and AC and their association with illness severity and psychotic symptoms were analyzed after adjusting for age, sex, total cholesterol level, body-mass index and smoking status. Then, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to analyze these parameters' diagnostic potential. Moreover, the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale for use in bipolar illness-Severity subscale (CGI-BP-S) were used to assess the severity of clinical symptoms. RESULTS We found higher levels of NHR, MHR, PHR and AIP, but not LHR and AC, after adjusting confounding factors in patients with BD-M compared to HCs. In logistic regression analysis, higher levels of MHR and NHR were associated with BD-M. MHR, NHR and PHR were predictors for differentiating the BD-M group from the HC group. However, the severity of the illness or the psychotic feature of the manic episode did not significantly affect the parameters. In the ROC curve analysis of BD-M, the indicators with an area under the curve (AUC) higher than 0.6 were the MHR, NHR, PHR and LHR. CONCLUSIONS These results provide information about the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of BD-M. Even after controlling for confounding factors, MHR, NHR, PHR and AIP are potential biomarkers for BD-M. Moreover, the increase in AIP may explain the co-morbidity between BD and cardiovascular diseases. However, the severity of the illness or the psychotic feature of the manic episode did not significantly affect the levels of inflammation ratios used in our study. Due to the low cost and widespread use of lipid metabolism and related inflammation rates, it may be beneficial to know the MHR, NHR, PHR and AIP levels in BD-M patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadice Kızgın
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Li C, Liu J, Ju Y, Liu B, Zhang Y. Multiple trajectories of depressive symptoms among Chinese in middle and late life: Characterization and risk factors. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1462-1471. [PMID: 37081758 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231164020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms, which are continuously changing, are an essential manifestation of depression and can increase the risk of mental disorders and other diseases. Because the causes and cures for depression have not yet been identified, finding the characteristics, and risk factors of depressive symptom trajectories can help us identify at-risk populations early and reduce the related public disease burden. AIMS Herein we aimed to figure out the specific manifestations of depressive symptom trajectories among Chinese adults, explore the risk profiles of trajectory groups with higher depression burdens, and test the longitudinal associations between blood biomarkers with depressive symptoms. METHODS Trajectories of participants' depressive symptoms measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scores were modeled with growth mixture models from 2011 to 2018. Multinomial logistic models tested associations of baseline covariates with trajectories. Generalized estimating equations were used to explore the longitudinal associations between blood data and depressive symptoms in two waves from 2011 to 2015. RESULTS Among the sample of 5,641 individuals aged 40 or over, four heterogeneous depressive symptom trajectories were defined: stable-low, high-decrease, stable-high, and low-increase. At baseline, demographic factors and health statuses such as gender, education, income, and self-reported health status were associated with trajectories. A significant association was found between high-density lipoprotein and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide clues for predicting and identifying adults with elevated depression burdens in middle and late life and may facilitate the development of targeted preventive strategies for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
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14
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Zinellu A, Sedda S, Mangoni AA. Paraoxonase/Arylesterase Activity of Serum Paraoxonase-1 and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1484. [PMID: 37627479 PMCID: PMC10451270 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of a pro-oxidant state in patients with schizophrenia may account for the increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in this group and supports the potential utility of circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress for risk stratification and management. We investigated this issue by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between the circulating concentrations of paraoxonase-1, an antioxidant calcium-dependent high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated esterase, with paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in schizophrenia. We searched electronic databases from inception to 31 May 2023 for studies investigating paraoxonase-1 in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and assessed the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023435442). Thirteen studies were identified for analysis. There were no significant between-group differences in paraoxonase (standard mean difference, SMD = 0.12, 95% CI -0.23 to 0.48, p = 0.50; extremely low certainty of evidence) or arylesterase activity (SMD = -0.08, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.23, p = 0.61; very low certainty of evidence). However, in meta-regression and subgroup analysis we observed significant associations between the SMD of paraoxonase and age (p = 0.003), HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.029), and study country (p = 0.04), and the SMD of arylesterase and age (p = 0.007), body mass index (p = 0.012), HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.002), and pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia (p < 0.001). In the absence of overall between-group differences, our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that alterations in paraoxonase-1 may reflect a pro-oxidant state in specific subgroups of patients with schizophrenia that require further assessment in appropriately designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefania Sedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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15
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Śmierciak N, Krzyściak W, Szwajca M, Karcz P, Bryll A, Popiela TJ, Donicz P, Turek A, Aleksandrovych V, Pilecki M. Benefits and Meaning of Lipids Profile in Relation to Oxidative Balance and Brain Morphology in Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11375. [PMID: 37511134 PMCID: PMC10379229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by complex metabolic dysregulations and their consequences. Until now, numerous theories have explained its pathogenesis, using a spectrum of available technologies. We focused our interest on lipid profile-periphery high-density cholesterol level and lipoproteins in the human brain and compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with schizophrenia and the healthy group. Detailed analysis of biochemical parameters was performed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Our study aimed to reveal correlations between periphery high-density lipoproteins levels and lipoproteins in the brain, depicted in MRI scans, and parameters of peripheral oxidative stress expressed as paraoxonase. Patients with schizophrenia have decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins, low paraoxonase activity, and slightly raised sodium in the blood. Positive significant correlations between serum high-density cholesterol and anterior cingulate cortex, unique brain area for schizophrenia pathophysiology, MR spectroscopy signals, and diffusion have been revealed. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the effect of an anterior cingulate disorder on high-density cholesterol levels on the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Śmierciak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Szwajca
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Karcz
- Department of Electroradiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Krakow, Poland
| | - Amira Bryll
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz J Popiela
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Donicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Turek
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-530 Krakow, Poland
| | - Veronika Aleksandrovych
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
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Li L, Qin Y, Xin X, Wang S, Liu Z, Feng X. The great potential of flavonoids as candidate drugs for NAFLD. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114991. [PMID: 37302319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a global prevalence of approximately 25 % and is associated with high morbidity and high mortality. NAFLD is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its pathophysiology is complex and still poorly understood, and there are no drugs used in the clinic to specifically treat NAFLD. Its pathogenesis involves the accumulation of excess lipids in the liver, leading to lipid metabolism disorders and inflammation. Phytochemicals with the potential to prevent or treat excess lipid accumulation have recently received increasing attention, as they are potentially more suitable for long-term use than are traditional therapeutic compounds. In this review, we summarize the classification, biochemical properties, and biological functions of flavonoids and how they are used in the treatment of NAFLD. Highlighting the roles and pharmacological uses of these compounds will be of importance for enhancing the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangge Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xijian Xin
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Shendong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China.
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Liu X, Wang X, Wen C, Wan L. Decision tree distinguish affective disorder diagnosis from psychotic disorder diagnosis with clinical and lab factors. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11514. [PMID: 36406667 PMCID: PMC9672315 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Affective symptoms usually occur at the same time of psychotic symptoms. An effective predictive method would help the differential diagnosis at an early stage of the mental disorder. The purpose of the study was to establish a predictive model by using laboratory indexes and clinical factors to improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods Subjects were patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders with affective and/or psychotic symptoms. Two patient samples were collected in the study (n = 309) With three classification methods (logistic regression, decision tree, and discriminant analysis), we established the models and verified the models. Results Seven predictors were found to be significant to distinguish the affective disorder diagnosis from the psychotic disorder diagnosis in all three methods, the 7 factors were Activities of daily living, direct bilirubin, apolipoproteinA1, lactic dehydrogenase, creatinine, monocyte count and interleukin-8. The decision tree outperformed the other 2 methods in area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and also had the highest percentage of correctly classification. Conclusion We established a predictive model that included activities of daily living, biochemical, and immune indicators. In addition, the model established by the decision tree method had the highest predictive power, which provided a reliable basis for future clinical work. Our work would help make diagnosis more accurate at an early stage of the disorder.
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Morris G, Gevezova M, Sarafian V, Maes M. Redox regulation of the immune response. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:1079-1101. [PMID: 36056148 PMCID: PMC9508259 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The aim of this mechanistic review is to examine: (a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription factors and enzymes, ROS/RNS production, and the activity of cellular antioxidants in the activation and performance of macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells; (b) the involvement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), paraoxonase-1 (PON1), and oxidized phospholipids in regulating the immune response; and (c) the detrimental effects of hypernitrosylation and chronic nitro-oxidative stress on the immune response. The redox changes during immune-inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the actions of nuclear factor-κB, HIF1α, the mechanistic target of rapamycin, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases, 5' AMP-activated protein kinase, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. The performance and survival of individual immune cells is under redox control and depends on intracellular and extracellular levels of ROS/RNS. They are heavily influenced by cellular antioxidants including the glutathione and thioredoxin systems, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and the HDL/ApoA1/PON1 complex. Chronic nitro-oxidative stress and hypernitrosylation inhibit the activity of those antioxidant systems, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, mitochondrial functions, and the metabolism of immune cells. In conclusion, redox-associated mechanisms modulate metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, macrophage and T helper cell polarization, phagocytosis, production of pro- versus anti-inflammatory cytokines, immune training and tolerance, chemotaxis, pathogen sensing, antiviral and antibacterial effects, Toll-like receptor activity, and endotoxin tolerance.
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19
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Korkmaz IN, Türkeş C, Demir Y, Özdemir H, Beydemir Ş. Methyl benzoate derivatives: in vitro Paraoxonase 1 inhibition and in silico studies. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23152. [PMID: 35708184 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) can metabolize some compounds such as aromatic carboxylic acid and unsaturated aliphatic esters, arylesters, cyclic carbonate, plucuronide drugs, some carbamate insecticide classes, nerve gases, and lactone compounds. Methyl benzoate has recently been shown to display potent toxicity against several insect species. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the methyl benzoate compounds (1-17) on PON1 activity. Methyl benzoate compounds inhibited PON1 with KI values ranging from 25.10 ± 4.73 to 502.10 ± 64.72 μM. Compound 10 (methyl 4-amino-2-bromo benzoate) showed the best inhibition (KI = 25.10 ± 4.73 μM). Furthermore, using the ADME-Tox, Glide XP, and MM-GBSA tools of the Schrödinger Suite 2021-4, a complete ligand-receptor interaction prediction was performed to characterize the methyl benzoates (1-17), probable binding modalities versus the PON1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işıl Nihan Korkmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Hasan Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
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20
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Söy&u H, Uluta Y, Köksa E. Inhibitory Effect of Methotrexate (MTX) Used in Human Cancer Treatment on Paraoxonase-1 (PON1). INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.942.946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Lu Q, Wu F, Jiao J, Xue L, Song R, Shi Y, Kong Y, Sun J, Gu N, Han MH, Zhang Z. Selective activation of ABCA1/ApoA1 signaling in the V1 by magnetoelectric stimulation ameliorates depression via regulation of synaptic plasticity. iScience 2022; 25:104201. [PMID: 35479414 PMCID: PMC9036135 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that dysfunction of the visual cortex may be involved in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We previously established that combined magnetic stimulation system treatment (c-MSST) resulted in an antidepressant effect in mice. In the present study, we found that V1-targeted c-MSST induced significant antidepressant effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. Proteomic screening investigation and repeatable validation revealed that expression of the V1 neuronal ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) was downregulated in CUMS mice, an effect that was normalized by c-MSST. Neuron-specific knockdown of ABCA1 in V1 blocked c-MSST’s antidepressant effects. Mechanistically, CUMS reduced dendritic spine density and long-term plasticity in V1, and these deficits were reversed by c-MSST. V1-targeted c-MSST was found to induce rapid antidepressant effects that are mediated by alterations in synaptic plasticity via the ABCA1/ApoA1 signaling pathway in V1. c-MSST targeting the primary visual cortex induced antidepressant effects ABCA1/ApoA1 signaling contributed to c-MSST-mediated antidepressant actions Magnetic stimulation of primary visual cortex enhanced synaptic plasticity Circulating levels of ApoA1 were lower in patients with depression
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22
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Punicic Acid and Its Role in the Prevention of Neurological Disorders: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030252. [PMID: 35159404 PMCID: PMC8834450 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are affected by neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). NDs are characterized by progressive damage and death of nerve cells accompanied by high levels of inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress conditions. Punicic acid, the main bioactive component of pomegranate (Punica granatum) seed oil, is an omega-5 isomer of conjugated α-linoleic acid that has shown strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects that contributes towards its positive effect against a wide arrange of diseases. Punicic acid decreases oxidative damage and inflammation by increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. In addition, it can reduce beta-amyloid deposits formation and tau hyperphosphorylation by increasing the expression of GLUT4 protein and the inhibition of calpain hyperactivation. Microencapsulated pomegranate, with high levels of punicic acid, increases antioxidant PON1 activity in HDL. Likewise, encapsulated pomegranate formulations with high levels of punicic acid have shown an increase in the antioxidant PON1 activity in HDL. Because of the limited brain permeability of punicic acid, diverse delivery formulations have been developed to enhance the biological activity of punicic acid in the brain, diminishing neurological disorders symptoms. Punicic acid is an important nutraceutical compound in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease.
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23
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Wei Y, Wang T, Li G, Feng J, Deng L, Xu H, Yin L, Ma J, Chen D, Chen J. Investigation of systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein ratio, lymphocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio as indicators of inflammation in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:941728. [PMID: 35958647 PMCID: PMC9360542 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.941728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), system inflammation response index (SIRI), neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (NHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR), and platelet/HDL ratio (PHR) have been recently investigated as new markers for inflammation. The purpose of this research is to use large-scale clinical data to discuss and compare the predictive ability of the SII, SIRI, NHR, LHR, MHR, and PHR in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), to investigate potential biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective, naturalistic, cross-sectional study, we collected the hematological parameter data of 13,329 patients with SCZ, 4,061 patients with BD manic episodes (BD-M), and 1,944 patients with BD depressive episodes (BD-D), and 5,810 healthy subjects served as the healthy control (HC) group. The differences in the SII, SIRI, NHR, LHR, MHR, and PHR were analyzed, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic potential of these parameters. RESULTS Compared with the HC group, the values of the SII, SIRI, NHR, LHR, MHR, and PHR and the levels of neutrophils, monocytes, and triglycerides (TG) were higher in SCZ and BD groups, and levels of platelets, cholesterol (CHO), HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apoprotein B (Apo B) were lower in SCZ and BD groups. Compared to the BD group, the values of the SIRI, lymphocytes, monocytes, and HDL were lower and the values of the SII, NHR, PHR, and platelet were higher in the SCZ group. In contrast to the BD-D group, the values of the SII; SIRI; NHR; and MHR; and levels of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets were higher in the BD-M group, and the levels of CHO, TG, LDL, and Apo B were lower in the BD-M group. The MHR and NHR were predictors for differentiating the SCZ group from the HC group; the SIRI, NHR, and MHR were predictors for differentiating the BD-M group from the HC group; and the MHR was a predictor for differentiating the BD-D group from the HC group. The combination model of the indicators improved diagnostic effectiveness. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the role of systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology of SCZ, BD-M, and BD-D, the association between inflammation and lipid metabolism, and these inflammation and lipid metabolism indicators showed different variation patterns in SCZ, BD-D, and BD-M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wei
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Guoguang Li
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Junhui Feng
- Jining Psychiatric Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Lianbang Deng
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiting Xu
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbao Ma
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jingxu Chen
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Fan Y, Gao J, Li Y, Chen X, Zhang T, You W, Xue Y, Shen C. The Variants at APOA1 and APOA4 Contribute to the Susceptibility of Schizophrenia With Inhibiting mRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:785445. [PMID: 34938775 PMCID: PMC8685515 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.785445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Abnormal lipid metabolism has a close link to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). This study mainly aimed to evaluate the association of variants at apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) and APOA4 with SZ in a Chinese Han population. Methods: The rs5072 of APOA1 and rs1268354 of APOA4 were examined in a case–control study involving 2,680 patients with SZ from the hospital and 2,223 healthy controls screened by physical examination from the community population. The association was estimated with the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) by logistic regression. The APOA1 and APOA4 messenger RNA (mRNA) in peripheral blood leukocytes were measured by real-time PCR and compared between SZ cases and controls. Serum apoA1 levels were detected by turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were detected by the homogeneous method. Results: Both of the rs5072 of APOA1 and rs1268354 of APOA4 had statistically significant associations with SZ. After adjustment for age and sex, ORs (95% CIs) of the additive model of rs5072 and rs1268354 were 0.82 (0.75–0.90) and 1.120 (1.03–1.23), and p-values were 3.22 × 10−5 and 0.011, respectively. The association of rs5072 with SZ still presented statistical significance even after Bonferroni correction (p-value×6). SZ patients during the episode presented lower levels of apoA1, HDL-C, mRNA of APOA1 common variants and transcript variant 4, and APOA4 mRNA than controls (p < 0.01) while SZ patients in remission showed a significantly decreased APOA1 transcript variant 3 expression level and increased APOA4 mRNA expression level (p < 0.01). mRNA expression levels of APOA1 transcript variant 4 significantly increased with the variations of rs5072 in SZ during the episode (ptrend = 0.017). After the SZ patients received an average of 27.50 ± 9.90 days of antipsychotic treatment, the median (interquartile) of serum apoA1 in the SZ episode significantly increased from 1.03 (1.00.1.20) g/L to 1.08 (1.00.1.22) g/L with the p-value of 0.044. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the genetic variations of APOA1 rs5072 and APOA4 rs1268354 contribute to the susceptibility of SZ, and the expression levels of APOA1 and APOA4 mRNA of peripheral blood leukocytes decreased in SZ patients during the episode while APOA4 increased after antipsychotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Department of Medical Psychology, Huai'an Third Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Xuefei Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Huai'an Third Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiyan You
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Huai'an Third Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Vasupanrajit A, Jirakran K, Tunvirachaisakul C, Maes M. Suicide attempts are associated with activated immune-inflammatory, nitro-oxidative, and neurotoxic pathways: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:80-92. [PMID: 34416621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide attempts (SA) frequently occur in patients with mood disorders and schizophrenia, which are both accompanied by activated immune-inflammatory and nitro-oxidative (IO&NS) pathways. METHODS We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, for articles published from inception until February 1, 2021. We included studies that compared blood biomarkers in psychiatric patients with (SA+) and without SA (SA-) and heathy controls and we combined different IO&NS biomarkers into immune, inflammatory, and neurotoxic profiles and used meta-analysis (random-effect model with restricted maximum-likelihood) to delineate effect sizes with 95% confidence interval (CI). FINDINGS Our search included 51 studies comprising 4.945 SA+ patients and 24.148 controls. We stratified the control group into healthy controls and SA- patients. SA+ patients showed significantly (p<0.001) increased immune activation (SMD: 1.044; CI: 0.599, 1.489), inflammation (SMD: 1.109; CI: 0.505, 1.714), neurotoxicity (SMD: 0.879; CI: 0.465, 1.293), and lowered neuroprotection (SMD: 0.648; CI: 0.354, 0.941) as compared with healthy controls. When compared with SA- patients, those with SA+ showed significant (p<0.001) immune activation (SMD: 0.290; CI: 0.183, 0.397), inflammation (SMD: 0.311; CI: 0.191, 0.432), and neurotoxicity (SMD: 0.315; CI: 0.198, 0.432), and lowered neuroprotection (SMD: 0.341; CI: 0.167, 0.515). Patients with current, but not lifetime, SA showed significant (p<0.001) levels of inflammation and neurotoxicity as compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Patients with immune activation are at a higher risk of SA which may be explained by increased neurotoxicity due to inflammation and nitro-oxidative stress. This meta-analysis discovered new biomarkers of SA and therapeutic targets to treat individuals with SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asara Vasupanrajit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ketsupar Jirakran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Maximizing Thai Children's Developmental Potential Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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