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Song SH, Augustine GJ. A role for synapsin tetramerization in synaptic vesicle clustering. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38979871 DOI: 10.1113/jp286177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Although synapsins have long been proposed to be key regulators of synaptic vesicle (SV) clustering, their mechanism of action has remained mysterious and somewhat controversial. Here, we review synapsins and their associations with each other and with SVs. We highlight the recent hypothesis that synapsin tetramerization is a mechanism for SV clustering. This hypothesis, which aligns with numerous experimental results, suggests that the larger size of synapsin tetramers, in comparison to dimers, allows tetramers to form optimal bridges between SVs that overcome the repulsive force associated with the negatively charged membrane of SVs and allow synapsins to form a reserve pool of SVs within presynaptic terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George J Augustine
- Temasek Life sciences Laboratory, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Moskalenko AM, Ikrin AN, Kozlova AV, Mukhamadeev RR, de Abreu MS, Riga V, Kolesnikova TO, Kalueff AV. Decoding Molecular Bases of Rodent Social Hetero-Grooming Behavior Using in Silico Analyses and Bioinformatics Tools. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00259-8. [PMID: 38876356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Highly prevalent in laboratory rodents, 'social' hetero-grooming behavior is translationally relevant to modeling a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we comprehensively evaluated known mouse genes linked to aberrant hetero-grooming phenotype and applied bioinformatics tools to construct a network of their established protein-protein interactions (PPI). We next identified several distinct molecular clusters within this network, including neuronal differentiation, cytoskeletal, WNT-signaling and synapsins-associated pathways. Using additional bioinformatics analyses, we further identified 'central' (hub) proteins within these molecular clusters, likely key for mouse hetero-grooming behavior. Overall, a more comprehensive characterization of intricate molecular pathways linked to aberrant rodent grooming may markedly advance our understanding of underlying cellular mechanisms and related neurological disorders, eventually helping discover novel targets for their pharmacological or gene therapy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia M Moskalenko
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Aleksey N Ikrin
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Alena V Kozlova
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Radmir R Mukhamadeev
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Vyacheslav Riga
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Tatiana O Kolesnikova
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia.
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3
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Ling Z, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhong W, Su Z, Qin Z. Protective role of madecassoside from Centella asiatica against protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase deficiency-induced neurodegeneration. Neuropharmacology 2024; 246:109834. [PMID: 38181970 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT/PCMT1) could repair l-isoaspartate (L-isoAsp) residues formed by deamidation of asparaginyl (Asn) residues or isomerization of aspartyl (Asp) residues in peptides and proteins during aging. Aside from abnormal accumulation of L-isoAsp, PIMT knockout (KO) mice mirrors some neuropathological hallmarks such as anxiety-like behaviors, impaired spatial memory and aberrant synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias, and Parkinson's disease (PD). While some reports indicate the neuroprotective effect of madecassoside (MA) as a triterpenoid saponin component of Centella asiatica, its role against NDs-related anxiety and cognitive impairment remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MA against anxiety-related behaviors in PIMT deficiency-induced mouse model of NDs. Results obtained from the elevated plus maze (EPM) test revealed that MA treatment alleviated anxiety-like behaviors in PIMT knockout mice. Furthermore, Real-time PCR, electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, transmission electron microscopy analysis and ELISA were carried out to evaluate the expression of clock genes, sleep and synaptic function, respectively. The PIMT knockout mice were characterized by abnormal clock patterns, sleep disturbance and synaptic dysfunction, which could be improved by MA administration. Collectively, these findings suggest that MA exhibits neuroprotective effects associated with improved circadian rhythms sleep-wake cycle and synaptic plasticity in PIMT deficient mice, which could be translated to ameliorate anxiety-related symptoms and cognitive impairments in NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Ling
- Department of Anatomy, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yancheng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyu Zhong
- Department of Anatomy, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghao Su
- Department of Febrile Disease, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenxia Qin
- Department of Anatomy, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Runwal GM, Edwards RH. The role of α-synuclein in exocytosis. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114668. [PMID: 38147972 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains poorly understood but multiple lines of evidence have converged on the presynaptic protein α-synuclein (αsyn). αSyn has been shown to regulate several cellular processes, however, its normal function remains poorly understood. In this review, we will specifically focus on its role in exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam M Runwal
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology, UCSF School of Medicine, United States of America; Departments of Neurology and Physiology, UCSF School of Medicine, United States of America- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States of America
| | - Robert H Edwards
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology, UCSF School of Medicine, United States of America; Departments of Neurology and Physiology, UCSF School of Medicine, United States of America- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States of America.
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5
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Qu S, Zhou X, Wang Z, Wei Y, Zhou H, Zhang X, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Yang Q, Jiang L, Ma Y, Gao Y, Kong L, Zhang L. The effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on Drosophila brain at single-cell resolution and potential drug repurposing for ADHD treatment. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:165-185. [PMID: 37957291 PMCID: PMC11078728 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The stimulant methylphenidate (MPH) and the non-stimulant atomoxetine (ATX) are frequently used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the function of these drugs in different types of brain cells and their effects on related genes remain largely unknown. To address these questions, we built a pipeline for the simultaneous examination of the activity behavior and transcriptional responses of Drosophila melanogaster at single-cell resolution following drug treatment. We selected the Drosophila with significantly increased locomotor activities (hyperactivity-like behavior) following the administration of each drug in comparison with the control (same food as the drug-treated groups with 5% sucrose, yeast, and blue food dye solution) using EasyFlyTracker. Subsequently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNASEQ) was used to capture the transcriptome of 82,917 cells, unsupervised clustering analysis of which yielded 28 primary cell clusters representing the major cell types in adult Drosophila brain. Indeed, both neuronal and glial cells responded to MPH and ATX. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed distinct transcriptional changes associated with these two drugs, such as two well-studied dopamine receptor genes (Dop2R and DopEcR) were responsive to MPH but not to ATX at their optimal doses, in addition to genes involved in dopamine metabolism pathways such as Syt1, Sytalpha, Syt7, and Ih in different cell types. More importantly, MPH also suppressed the expression of genes encoding other neurotransmitter receptors and synaptic signaling molecules in many cell types, especially those for Glu and GABA, while the responsive effects of ATX were much weaker. In addition to monoaminergic neuronal transmitters, other neurotransmitters have also shown a similar pattern with respect to a stronger effect associated with MPH than with ATX. Moreover, we identified four distinct glial cell subtypes responsive to the two drugs and detected a greater number of differentially expressed genes associated with ensheathing and astrocyte-like glia. Furthermore, our study provides a rich resource of candidate target genes, supported by drug set enrichment analysis (P = 2.10E-4; hypergeometric test), for the further exploration of drug repurposing. The whole list of candidates can be found at ADHDrug ( http://adhdrug.cibr.ac.cn/ ). In conclusion, we propose a fast and cost-efficient pipeline to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of ADHD drug treatment in Drosophila brain at single-cell resolution, which may further facilitate drug repurposing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Qu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qingjie Zhu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Likun Jiang
- Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Kong
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
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6
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Agostini S, Bolognesi E, Mancuso R, Marventano I, Citterio LA, Guerini FR, Clerici M. miR-23a-3p and miR-181a-5p modulate SNAP-25 expression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279961. [PMID: 36649268 PMCID: PMC9844927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAP-25 protein is a key protein of the SNARE complex that is involved in synaptic vesicles fusion with plasma membranes and neurotransmitter release, playing a fundamental role in neural plasticity. Recently the concentration of three specific miRNAs-miR-27b-3p, miR-181a-5p and miR-23a-3p -was found to be associated with a specific SNAP-25 polymorphism (rs363050). in silico analysis showed that all the three miRNAs target SNAP-25, but the effect of the interaction between these miRNAs and the 3'UTR of SNAP-25 mRNA is currently unknown. For this reason, we verified in vitro whether miR-27b-3p, miR-181a-5p and miR-23a-3p modulate SNAP-25 gene and protein expression. Initial experiments using miRNAs-co-transfected Vero cells and SNAP-25 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids showed that miR-181a-5p (p≤0.01) and miR-23a-3p (p<0.05), but not miR-27b-3p, modulate the luciferase signal, indicating that these two miRNAs bind the SNAP-25 3'UTR. Results obtained using human oligodendroglial cell line (MO3.13) transfected with miR-181a-5p or miR-27b-3p confirmed that miR-181a-5p and miR-23a-3p regulate SNAP-25 gene and protein expression. Interestingly, the two miRNAs modulate in an opposite way SNAP-25, as miR-181a-5p significantly increases (p<0.0005), whereas miR-23a-3p decreases (p<0.0005) its expression. These results for the first time describe the ability of miR-181a-5p and miR-23a-3p to modulate SNAP-25 expression, suggesting their possible use as biomarkers or as therapeutical targets for diseases in which SNAP-25 expression is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberta Mancuso
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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7
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Ma W, Lu K, Liang HM, Zhang JY. Synapsin 1 Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Neuroinflammation in Rats with Alzheimer's Disease: An Experimental and Bioinformatics Study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:648-659. [PMID: 38213171 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050276594231229050906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a persistent neuropathological injury that manifests via neuronal/synaptic death, age spot development, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis. Synapsin 1 (SYN1), a neuronal phosphoprotein, is believed to be responsible for the pathology of AD. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the exact role of SYN1 in ameliorating AD and its potential regulatory mechanisms. METHODS The AD dataset GSE48350 was downloaded from the GEO database, and SYN1 was focused on differential expression analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. After establishing an AD rat model, they were treated with RNAi lentivirus to trigger SYN1 overexpression. The amelioration of SYN1 in AD-associated behavior was validated using multiple experiments (water maze test and object recognition test). SYN1's repairing effect on the important factors in AD was confirmed by detecting the concentration of inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), neurotransmitters (acetylcholine (ACh), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT)) and markers of oxidative stress (glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS)). Molecular biology experiments (qRT-PCR and western blot) were performed to examine AD-related signaling pathways after SYN1 overexpression. RESULTS Differential expression analysis yielded a total of 545 differentially expressed genes, of which four were upregulated and 541 were downregulated. The enriched pathways were basically focused on synaptic functions, and the analysis of the protein- protein interaction network focused on the key genes in SYN1. SYN1 significantly improved the spatial learning and memory abilities of AD rats. This enhancement was reflected in the reduced escape latency of the rats in the water maze, the significantly extended dwell time in the third quadrant, and the increased number of crossings. Furthermore, the results of the object recognition test revealed reduced time for rats to explore familiar and new objects. After SYN1 overexpression, the cAMP signaling pathway was activated, the phosphorylation levels of the CREB and PKA proteins were elevated, and the secretion of neurotransmitters such as ACh, DA, and 5-HT was promoted. Furthermore, oxidative stress was suppressed, as supported by decreased levels of MDA and ROS. Regarding inflammatory factors, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were significantly reduced in AD rats with SYN1 overexpression. CONCLUSION SYN1 overexpression improves cognitive function and promotes the release of various neurotransmitters in AD rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses through cAMP signaling pathway activation. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Yinchuan750004, China
| | - Kui Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Hua-Min Liang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Yinchuan750004, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Yinchuan750004, China
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8
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Parenti I, Leitão E, Kuechler A, Villard L, Goizet C, Courdier C, Bayat A, Rossi A, Julia S, Bruel AL, Tran Mau-Them F, Nambot S, Lehalle D, Willems M, Lespinasse J, Ghoumid J, Caumes R, Smol T, El Chehadeh S, Schaefer E, Abi-Warde MT, Keren B, Afenjar A, Tabet AC, Levy J, Maruani A, Aledo-Serrano Á, Garming W, Milleret-Pignot C, Chassevent A, Koopmans M, Verbeek NE, Person R, Belles R, Bellus G, Salbert BA, Kaiser FJ, Mazzola L, Convers P, Perrin L, Piton A, Wiegand G, Accogli A, Brancati F, Benfenati F, Chatron N, Lewis-Smith D, Thomas RH, Zara F, Striano P, Lesca G, Depienne C. The different clinical facets of SYN1-related neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1019715. [PMID: 36568968 PMCID: PMC9773998 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1019715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapsin-I (SYN1) is a presynaptic phosphoprotein crucial for synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Pathogenic SYN1 variants are associated with variable X-linked neurodevelopmental disorders mainly affecting males. In this study, we expand on the clinical and molecular spectrum of the SYN1-related neurodevelopmental disorders by describing 31 novel individuals harboring 22 different SYN1 variants. We analyzed newly identified as well as previously reported individuals in order to define the frequency of key features associated with these disorders. Specifically, behavioral disturbances such as autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are observed in 91% of the individuals, epilepsy in 82%, intellectual disability in 77%, and developmental delay in 70%. Seizure types mainly include tonic-clonic or focal seizures with impaired awareness. The presence of reflex seizures is one of the most representative clinical manifestations related to SYN1. In more than half of the cases, seizures are triggered by contact with water, but other triggers are also frequently reported, including rubbing with a towel, fever, toothbrushing, fingernail clipping, falling asleep, and watching others showering or bathing. We additionally describe hyperpnea, emotion, lighting, using a stroboscope, digestive troubles, and defecation as possible triggers in individuals with SYN1 variants. The molecular spectrum of SYN1 variants is broad and encompasses truncating variants (frameshift, nonsense, splicing and start-loss variants) as well as non-truncating variants (missense substitutions and in-frame duplications). Genotype-phenotype correlation revealed that epileptic phenotypes are enriched in individuals with truncating variants. Furthermore, we could show for the first time that individuals with early seizures onset tend to present with severe-to-profound intellectual disability, hence highlighting the existence of an association between early seizure onset and more severe impairment of cognitive functions. Altogether, we present a detailed clinical description of the largest series of individuals with SYN1 variants reported so far and provide the first genotype-phenotype correlations for this gene. A timely molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling are cardinal for appropriate patient management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Parenti
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Leitão
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laurent Villard
- INSERM, MMG, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France,Département de Génétique Médicale, APHM, Hôpital d'Enfants de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France,Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Neurogénétique, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France,NRGEN Team, INCIA, CNRS UMR 5287, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécile Courdier
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France,Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Neurogénétique, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France,NRGEN Team, INCIA, CNRS UMR 5287, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Allan Bayat
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alessandra Rossi
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark,Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sophie Julia
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Pôle de Biologie, CHU de Toulouse - Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France,UMR1231 GAD, Inserm - Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France,UMR1231 GAD, Inserm - Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Nambot
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm - Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France,UMR1231 GAD, Inserm - Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Department of Medical Genetics, Rare diseases and Personalized Medicine, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France,Inserm U1298, INM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - James Lespinasse
- Service de Cytogenetique, Centre Hospitalier de Chambéry, Chambéry, France
| | - Jamal Ghoumid
- Univ. Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique, Guy Fontaine, Lille, France
| | - Roseline Caumes
- Univ. Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique, Guy Fontaine, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Smol
- Univ. Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, Lille, France,CHU Lille, Institut de Génétique Médicale, Lille, France
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Boris Keren
- APHP, Département de Génétique, UF de Génomique du Développement, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Département de Génétique, Centre de Référence déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, APHP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Jonathan Levy
- APHP, Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Anna Maruani
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Ángel Aledo-Serrano
- Epilepsy and Neurogenetics Program, Neurology Department, Ruber Internacional Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Waltraud Garming
- Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Kinder-und Jugendklinik Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | | | - Anna Chassevent
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marije Koopmans
- Department of Genetics, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nienke E. Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Rebecca Belles
- Medical Genetics, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, United States
| | - Gary Bellus
- Medical Genetics, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, United States
| | - Bonnie A. Salbert
- Medical Genetics, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, United States
| | - Frank J. Kaiser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (EZSE), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laure Mazzola
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Philippe Convers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurine Perrin
- Department of Paediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, CHU Saint-Étienne, Hôpital Bellevue, Rhône-Alpes Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Amélie Piton
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Gert Wiegand
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Klinik Nord-Heidberg, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine II (Neuropediatrics, Social Pediatrics), University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Qc, Canada,Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Life, Human Genetics, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy,IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Geneva, Italy,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Geneva, Italy
| | - Nicolas Chatron
- Service de Genetique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France,Institute NeuroMyoGène, Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, CNRS UMR 5261 -INSERM U1315, Université de Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - David Lewis-Smith
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys H. Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Zara
- IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy,Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy,Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Service de Genetique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France,Institute NeuroMyoGène, Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, CNRS UMR 5261 -INSERM U1315, Université de Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,*Correspondence: Christel Depienne,
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9
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Faustini G, Longhena F, Muscò A, Bono F, Parrella E, La Via L, Barbon A, Pizzi M, Onofri F, Benfenati F, Missale C, Memo M, Zizioli D, Bellucci A. Synapsin III Regulates Dopaminergic Neuron Development in Vertebrates. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233902. [PMID: 36497160 PMCID: PMC9739466 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by alterations in the mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways. Polymorphisms in the Synapsin III (Syn III) gene can associate with ADHD onset and even affect the therapeutic response to the gold standard ADHD medication, methylphenidate (MPH), a monoamine transporter inhibitor whose efficacy appears related with the stimulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Interestingly, we previously showed that MPH can bind Syn III, which can regulate neuronal development. These observations suggest that Syn III polymorphism may impinge on ADHD onset and response to therapy by affecting BDNF-dependent dopaminergic neuron development. Here, by studying zebrafish embryos exposed to Syn III gene knock-down (KD), Syn III knock-out (ko) mice and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived neurons subjected to Syn III RNA interference, we found that Syn III governs the earliest stages of dopaminergic neurons development and that this function is conserved in vertebrates. We also observed that in mammals Syn III exerts this function acting upstream of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase 5 (Cdk5)-stimulated dendrite development. Collectively, these findings own significant implications for deciphering the biological basis of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Faustini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Longhena
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessia Muscò
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bono
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Parrella
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca La Via
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Barbon
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco Onofri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- IRCSS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Zizioli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-(0)30-3717546 (D.Z.); +39-(0)30-3717380 (A.B.)
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Laboratory for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-(0)30-3717546 (D.Z.); +39-(0)30-3717380 (A.B.)
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10
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Bauer CS, Cohen RN, Sironi F, Livesey MR, Gillingwater TH, Highley JR, Fillingham DJ, Coldicott I, Smith EF, Gibson YB, Webster CP, Grierson AJ, Bendotti C, De Vos KJ. An interaction between synapsin and C9orf72 regulates excitatory synapses and is impaired in ALS/FTD. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:437-464. [PMID: 35876881 PMCID: PMC9381633 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02470-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction and degeneration of synapses is a common feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD). A GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene is the main genetic cause of ALS/FTD (C9ALS/FTD). The repeat expansion leads to reduced expression of the C9orf72 protein. How C9orf72 haploinsufficiency contributes to disease has not been resolved. Here we identify the synapsin family of synaptic vesicle proteins, the most abundant group of synaptic phosphoproteins, as novel interactors of C9orf72 at synapses and show that C9orf72 plays a cell-autonomous role in the regulation of excitatory synapses. We mapped the interaction of C9orf72 and synapsin to the N-terminal longin domain of C9orf72 and the conserved C domain of synapsin, and show interaction of the endogenous proteins in synapses. Functionally, C9orf72 deficiency reduced the number of excitatory synapses and decreased synapsin levels at remaining synapses in vitro in hippocampal neuron cultures and in vivo in the hippocampal mossy fibre system of C9orf72 knockout mice. Consistent with synaptic dysfunction, electrophysiological recordings identified impaired excitatory neurotransmission and network function in hippocampal neuron cultures with reduced C9orf72 expression, which correlated with a severe depletion of synaptic vesicles from excitatory synapses in the hippocampus of C9orf72 knockout mice. Finally, neuropathological analysis of post-mortem sections of C9ALS/FTD patient hippocampus with C9orf72 haploinsufficiency revealed a marked reduction in synapsin, indicating that disruption of the interaction between C9orf72 and synapsin may contribute to ALS/FTD pathobiology. Thus, our data show that C9orf72 plays a cell-autonomous role in the regulation of neurotransmission at excitatory synapses by interaction with synapsin and modulation of synaptic vesicle pools, and identify a novel role for C9orf72 haploinsufficiency in synaptic dysfunction in C9ALS/FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia S Bauer
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Rebecca N Cohen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Francesca Sironi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew R Livesey
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Thomas H Gillingwater
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - J Robin Highley
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Daniel J Fillingham
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Ian Coldicott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Emma F Smith
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Yolanda B Gibson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Christopher P Webster
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Andrew J Grierson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Caterina Bendotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Kurt J De Vos
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
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11
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Shafiq M, Da Vela S, Amin L, Younas N, Harris DA, Zerr I, Altmeppen HC, Svergun D, Glatzel M. The prion protein and its ligands: Insights into structure-function relationships. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119240. [PMID: 35192891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The prion protein is a multifunctional protein that exists in at least two different folding states. It is subject to diverse proteolytic processing steps that lead to prion protein fragments some of which are membrane-bound whereas others are soluble. A multitude of ligands bind to the prion protein and besides proteinaceous binding partners, interaction with metal ions and nucleic acids occurs. Although of great importance, information on structural and functional consequences of prion protein binding to its partners is limited. Here, we will reflect on the structure-function relationship of the prion protein and its binding partners considering the different folding states and prion protein fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Shafiq
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefano Da Vela
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg c/o German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ladan Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Neelam Younas
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - David A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hermann C Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri Svergun
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg c/o German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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12
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Ponterio G, Faustini G, El Atiallah I, Sciamanna G, Meringolo M, Tassone A, Imbriani P, Cerri S, Martella G, Bonsi P, Bellucci A, Pisani A. Alpha-Synuclein is Involved in DYT1 Dystonia Striatal Synaptic Dysfunction. Mov Disord 2022; 37:949-961. [PMID: 35420219 PMCID: PMC9323501 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neuronal protein alpha‐synuclein (α‐Syn) is crucially involved in Parkinson's disease pathophysiology. Intriguingly, torsinA (TA), the protein causative of DYT1 dystonia, has been found to accumulate in Lewy bodies and to interact with α‐Syn. Both proteins act as molecular chaperones and control synaptic machinery. Despite such evidence, the role of α‐Syn in dystonia has never been investigated. Objective We explored whether α‐Syn and N‐ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion attachment protein receptor proteins (SNAREs), that are known to be modulated by α‐Syn, may be involved in DYT1 dystonia synaptic dysfunction. Methods We used electrophysiological and biochemical techniques to study synaptic alterations in the dorsal striatum of the Tor1a+/Δgag mouse model of DYT1 dystonia. Results In the Tor1a+/Δgag DYT1 mutant mice, we found a significant reduction of α‐Syn levels in whole striata, mainly involving glutamatergic corticostriatal terminals. Strikingly, the striatal levels of the vesicular SNARE VAMP‐2, a direct α‐Syn interactor, and of the transmembrane SNARE synaptosome‐associated protein 23 (SNAP‐23), that promotes glutamate synaptic vesicles release, were markedly decreased in mutant mice. Moreover, we detected an impairment of miniature glutamatergic postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) recorded from striatal spiny neurons, in parallel with a decreased asynchronous release obtained by measuring quantal EPSCs (qEPSCs), which highlight a robust alteration in release probability. Finally, we also observed a significant reduction of TA striatal expression in α‐Syn null mice. Conclusions Our data demonstrate an unprecedented relationship between TA and α‐Syn, and reveal that α‐Syn and SNAREs alterations characterize the synaptic dysfunction underlying DYT1 dystonia. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ponterio
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Faustini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilham El Atiallah
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciamanna
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Meringolo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tassone
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Imbriani
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Martella
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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13
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Faustini G, Longhena F, Masato A, Bassareo V, Frau R, Klingstedt T, Shirani H, Brembati V, Parrella E, Vezzoli M, Nilsson KPR, Pizzi M, Spillantini MG, Bubacco L, Bellucci A. Synapsin III gene silencing redeems alpha-synuclein transgenic mice from Parkinson's disease-like phenotype. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1465-1483. [PMID: 35038583 PMCID: PMC9077321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrillary aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) deposition in Lewy bodies (LB) characterizes Parkinson's disease (PD) and is believed to trigger dopaminergic synaptic failure and a retrograde terminal-to-cell body neuronal degeneration. We described that the neuronal phosphoprotein synapsin III (Syn III) cooperates with α-syn to regulate dopamine (DA) release and can be found in the insoluble α-syn fibrils composing LB. Moreover, we showed that α-syn aggregates deposition, and the associated onset of synaptic deficits and neuronal degeneration occurring following adeno-associated viral vectors-mediated overexpression of human α-syn in the nigrostriatal system are hindered in Syn III knock out mice. This supports that Syn III facilitates α-syn aggregation. Here, in an interventional experimental design, we found that by inducing the gene silencing of Syn III in human α-syn transgenic mice at PD-like stage with advanced α-syn aggregation and overt striatal synaptic failure, we could lower α-syn aggregates and striatal fibers loss. In parallel, we observed recovery from synaptic vesicles clumping, DA release failure, and motor functions impairment. This supports that Syn III consolidates α-syn aggregates, while its downregulation enables their reduction and redeems the PD-like phenotype. Strategies targeting Syn III could thus constitute a therapeutic option for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Faustini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Longhena
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Masato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Bassareo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Blocco A, Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Blocco A, Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Therése Klingstedt
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hamid Shirani
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Viviana Brembati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Parrella
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marika Vezzoli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Spillantini
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt Building, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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14
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Li C, Liang X, Cheng S, Wen Y, Pan C, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Yang X, Meng P, Zhang F. A multi-environments-gene interaction study of anxiety, depression and self-harm in the UK Biobank cohort. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 147:59-66. [PMID: 35026594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of gene-by-environment (G×E) interactions on complex diseases are significant, especially the superimposed effects of multiple environmental factors. However, research on the multi-environments-gene interactions of anxiety, depression, and self-harm is still limited. This study included white individuals (N = 66,041-74,482) from the UK Biobank. We fitted all environmental factors to a single environmental score (ES), and the estimated ES was used to calculate the multiplicative interaction effects between ES and genome-wide SNPs. Heritability was stratified by minor allele frequency (MAF) and linkage disequilibrium (LD). Our research found 10 loci with significant interaction effects, such as rs114830993 (PRICKLE2, P = 2.30 × 10-8), rs151323364 (ASTN2, P = 2.71 × 10-10) and rs536631793 (SYN3, P = 4.09 × 10-8). In addition, we found that G×E heritability has a significant contribution to the depression of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores (h2G×E (female) = 6.1%, h2G×E (male) = 8.7%). Our research supported the important influence of multi-environments-gene interactions on anxiety, depression, and self-harm and provided clues for the prevention and etiological research of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun'e Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuena Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peilin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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15
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Cao K, Xiang J, Dong YT, Xu Y, Guan ZZ. Activation of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by its Selective Agonist Improved Learning and Memory of Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) Mice via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e933978. [PMID: 34980874 PMCID: PMC8742434 DOI: 10.12659/msm.933978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reveal the mechanism underlying the effect of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) on neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease (AD), the influence of the receptor on recognition in APP/PS1 mice was evaluated by using its selective agonist (PNU-282987). MATERIAL AND METHODS APP/PS1 and wild-type (WT) mice were treated with PNU or saline, respectively, for 7 days at the ages of 6 and 10 months. RESULTS Morris water maze analysis showed that both at 6 and 10 months of age, PNU treatment enhanced the learning and memory of APP/PS1 mice. However, PNU treatment did not alter the number of senile plaques. Furthermore, a higher protein expression of Nrf2/HO-1, ADAM10, SYP, and SNAP-25, and a lower level of oxidative stress, were observed in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice treated with PNU compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the activation of alpha7 nAChR by PNU improved the learning and memory of mice carrying the APP/PS1 mutation, regulated the levels of enzymes that mediate APP metabolization to reduce ß-amyloid peptide damage, and decreased the level of oxidative stress and maintained synaptic plasticity, in which the mechanism might be enhancement of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yang-Ting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Guan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
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16
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Moschetta M, Ravasenga T, De Fusco A, Maragliano L, Aprile D, Orlando M, Sacchetti S, Casagrande S, Lignani G, Fassio A, Baldelli P, Benfenati F. Ca 2+ binding to synapsin I regulates resting Ca 2+ and recovery from synaptic depression in nerve terminals. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:600. [PMID: 36409372 PMCID: PMC9678998 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Synapsin I (SynI) is a synaptic vesicle (SV)-associated phosphoprotein that modulates neurotransmission by controlling SV trafficking. The SynI C-domain contains a highly conserved ATP binding site mediating SynI oligomerization and SV clustering and an adjacent main Ca2+ binding site, whose physiological role is unexplored. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the E373K point mutation irreversibly deletes Ca2+ binding to SynI, still allowing ATP binding, but inducing a destabilization of the SynI oligomerization interface. Here, we analyzed the effects of this mutation on neurotransmitter release and short-term plasticity in excitatory and inhibitory synapses from primary hippocampal neurons. Patch-clamp recordings showed an increase in the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) that was totally occluded by exogenous Ca2+ chelators and associated with a constitutive increase in resting terminal Ca2+ concentrations. Evoked EPSC amplitude was also reduced, due to a decreased readily releasable pool (RRP) size. Moreover, in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, we observed a marked impaired recovery from synaptic depression, associated with impaired RRP refilling and depletion of the recycling pool of SVs. Our study identifies SynI as a novel Ca2+ buffer in excitatory terminals. Blocking Ca2+ binding to SynI results in higher constitutive Ca2+ levels that increase the probability of spontaneous release and disperse SVs. This causes a decreased size of the RRP and an impaired recovery from depression due to the failure of SV reclustering after sustained high-frequency stimulation. The results indicate a physiological role of Ca2+ binding to SynI in the regulation of SV clustering and trafficking in nerve terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Moschetta
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Ravasenga
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio De Fusco
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Maragliano
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Aprile
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,Present Address: High-Definition Disease Modelling Lab, Campus IFOM-IEO, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Orlando
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,Present Address: Charitè Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvio Sacchetti
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Casagrande
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Lignani
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,Present Address: Queens Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Fassio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Pietro Baldelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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17
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Mohanraj N, Joshi NS, Poulose R, Patil RR, Santhoshkumar R, Kumar A, Waghmare GP, Saha AK, Haider SZ, Markandeya YS, Dey G, Rao LT, Govindaraj P, Mehta B. A proteomic study to unveil lead toxicity-induced memory impairments invoked by synaptic dysregulation. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1501-1513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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18
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Zhi WJ, Qiao SM, Zou Y, Peng RY, Yan HT, Ma LZ, Dong J, Zhao L, Yao BW, Zhao XL, Feng XX, Hu XJ, Wang LF. Low p-SYN1 (Ser-553) Expression Leads to Abnormal Neurotransmitter Release of GABA Induced by Up-Regulated Cdk5 after Microwave Exposure: Insights on Protection and Treatment of Microwave-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 44:206-221. [PMID: 35723394 PMCID: PMC8929049 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the wide application of microwave technology, concerns about its health impact have arisen. The signal transmission mode of the central nervous system and neurons make it particularly sensitive to electromagnetic exposure. It has been reported that abnormal release of amino acid neurotransmitters is mediated by alteration of p-SYN1 after microwave exposure, which results in cognitive dysfunction. As the phosphorylation of SYN1 is regulated by different kinases, in this study we explored the regulatory mechanisms of SYN1 fluctuations following microwave exposure and its subsequent effect on GABA release, aiming to provide clues on the mechanism of cognitive impairment caused by microwave exposure. In vivo studies with Timm and H&E staining were adopted and the results showed abnormality in synapse formation and neuronal structure, explaining the previously-described deficiency in cognitive ability caused by microwave exposure. The observed alterations in SYN1 level, combined with the results of earlier studies, indicate that SYN1 and its phosphorylation status (ser-553 and ser62/67) may play a role in the abnormal release of neurotransmitters. Thus, the role of Cdk5, the upstream kinase regulating the formation of p-SYN1 (ser-553), as well as that of MEK, the regulator of p-SYN1 (ser-62/67), were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that Cdk5 was a negative regulator of p-SYN1 (ser-553) and that its up-regulation caused a decrease in GABA release by reducing p-SYN1 (ser-553). While further exploration still needed to elaborate the role of p-SYN1 (ser-62/67) for neurotransmitter release, MEK inhibition had was no impact on p-Erk or p-SYN1 (ser-62/67) after microwave exposure. In conclusion, the decrease of p-SYN1 (ser-553) may result in abnormalities in vesicular anchoring and GABA release, which is caused by increased Cdk5 regulated through Calpain-p25 pathway after 30 mW/cm2 microwave exposure. This study provided a potential new strategy for the prevention and treatment of microwave-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jia Zhi
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Si-Mo Qiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (S.-M.Q.); (H.-T.Y.)
| | - Yong Zou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Rui-Yun Peng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Hai-Tao Yan
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (S.-M.Q.); (H.-T.Y.)
| | - Li-Zhen Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Ji Dong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Bin-Wei Yao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Xue-Long Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Xin-Xing Feng
- Endocrine and Cardiovascular Center, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China;
| | - Xiang-Jun Hu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.-J.H.); (L.-F.W.)
| | - Li-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; (W.-J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.-Y.P.); (L.-Z.M.); (J.D.); (L.Z.); (B.-W.Y.); (X.-L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.-J.H.); (L.-F.W.)
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19
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Fouke KE, Wegman ME, Weber SA, Brady EB, Román-Vendrell C, Morgan JR. Synuclein Regulates Synaptic Vesicle Clustering and Docking at a Vertebrate Synapse. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:774650. [PMID: 34901020 PMCID: PMC8660973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmission relies critically on the exocytotic release of neurotransmitters from small synaptic vesicles (SVs) at the active zone. Therefore, it is essential for neurons to maintain an adequate pool of SVs clustered at synapses in order to sustain efficient neurotransmission. It is well established that the phosphoprotein synapsin 1 regulates SV clustering at synapses. Here, we demonstrate that synuclein, another SV-associated protein and synapsin binding partner, also modulates SV clustering at a vertebrate synapse. When acutely introduced to unstimulated lamprey reticulospinal synapses, a pan-synuclein antibody raised against the N-terminal domain of α-synuclein induced a significant loss of SVs at the synapse. Both docked SVs and the distal reserve pool of SVs were depleted, resulting in a loss of total membrane at synapses. In contrast, antibodies against two other abundant SV-associated proteins, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 (SV2) and vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP/synaptobrevin), had no effect on the size or distribution of SV clusters. Synuclein perturbation caused a dose-dependent reduction in the number of SVs at synapses. Interestingly, the large SV clusters appeared to disperse into smaller SV clusters, as well as individual SVs. Thus, synuclein regulates clustering of SVs at resting synapses, as well as docking of SVs at the active zone. These findings reveal new roles for synuclein at the synapse and provide critical insights into diseases associated with α-synuclein dysfunction, such as Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E Fouke
- The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - M Elizabeth Wegman
- The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Sarah A Weber
- The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States.,Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Emily B Brady
- The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Cristina Román-Vendrell
- The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer R Morgan
- The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States
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