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Parsaei M, Sheipouri A, Partovifar P, Shahriarinamin M, Sani SM, Taebi M, Arvin A. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging for treatment response prediction in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 342:111841. [PMID: 38870842 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
A substantial portion of schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) patients exhibit resistance to antipsychotic treatments, emphasizing the need for reliable treatment response biomarkers. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have identified various imaging predictors in SSD. This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of diffusion MRI sequences, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in predicting antipsychotic response in SSD patients. A systematic search for relevant articles was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science on February 11, 2024. Twelve studies involving a total of 742 patients were systematically reviewed. The baseline DTI/DWI biomarkers revealed significant associations with antipsychotic treatment response. Notably a consistent negative link was found between response and baseline fractional anisotropy (FA) in fronto-temporo-limbic white matter tracts, specifically the superior longitudinal fasciculus, providing moderate-level evidence. In addition, weak-level evidence was found for the negative association between the treatment response and baseline FA in the corpus callosum, internal, and external capsule tracts. Collectively, this review demonstrated that obtaining pre-treatment brain diffusion MRI scans, particularly from white matter tracts of fronto-temporo-limbic network, can assist in delineating the treatment response trajectory in patients with SSD. However, additional larger randomized controlled trials are required to further substantiate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadamin Parsaei
- Breastfeeding Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Maternal, Fetal & Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirmahdi Sheipouri
- NCweb Association, Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Paniz Partovifar
- Maternal, Fetal & Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shahriarinamin
- NCweb Association, Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sheida Mobader Sani
- NCweb Association, Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morvarid Taebi
- Center for Orthopedic Trans-Disciplinary Applied Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Arvin
- Center for Orthopedic Trans-Disciplinary Applied Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mardhiyah SA, Effendy E, Nasution NM. IL-10 (-1082 G/A) polymorphism in Bataknese with schizophrenia. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2024; 19:64-69. [PMID: 37868103 PMCID: PMC10589880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Three biallelic polymorphisms at the promoter region of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene have been associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association between IL-10 (-1082) G/A gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia among Bataknese, a native tribe inhabiting the North Sumatera province in Indonesia. Methods A total of 194 unrelated participants (n = 97 for each case and control groups) participated in this study. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism molecular genotyping was conducted to assess the genotype and allele distribution of IL-10 (-1082 G/A). Results Allele variations indicated that the dominant allele in the Batak tribe was allele A, whereas homozygous GG genotypes were not found in either group. The A allele and AA genotype were found to be risk factors for developing schizophrenia (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.1825-4.3559 and OR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.280-5.152, respectively). Conclusion Only the A allele and AA genotype of the IL-10 gene polymorphism at -1082 G/A contribute to schizophrenia susceptibility in Bataknese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Mardhiyah
- Psychiatry Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Elmeida Effendy
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Nazli M. Nasution
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
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Crocker CE, Tibbo PG. Confused Connections? Targeting White Matter to Address Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1172. [PMID: 30405407 PMCID: PMC6201564 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite development of comprehensive approaches to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and improve outcomes, there remains a proportion (approximately one-third) of patients who are treatment resistant and will not have remission of psychotic symptoms despite adequate trials of pharmacotherapy. This level of treatment response is stable across all stages of the spectrum of psychotic disorders, including early phase psychosis and chronic schizophrenia. Our current pharmacotherapies are beneficial in decreasing positive symptomology in most cases, however, with little to no impact on negative or cognitive symptoms. Not all individuals with treatment resistant psychosis unfortunately, even benefit from the potential pharmacological reductions in positive symptoms. The existing pharmacotherapy for psychosis is targeted at neurotransmitter receptors. The current first and second generation antipsychotic medications all act on dopamine type 2 receptors with the second generation drugs also interacting significantly with serotonin type 1 and 2 receptors, and with varying pharmacodynamic profiles overall. This focus on developing dopaminergic/serotonergic antipsychotics, while beneficial, has not reduced the proportion of patients experiencing treatment resistance to date. Another pharmacological approach is imperative to address treatment resistance both for response overall and for negative symptoms in particular. There is research suggesting that changes in white matter integrity occur in schizophrenia and these may be more associated with cognition and even negative symptomology. Here we review the evidence that white matter abnormalities in the brain may be contributing to the symptomology of psychotic disorders. Additionally, we propose that white matter may be a viable pharmacological target for pharmacoresistant schizophrenia and discuss current treatments in development for schizophrenia that target white matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice E Crocker
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Philip G Tibbo
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Tomasik J, Rahmoune H, Guest PC, Bahn S. Neuroimmune biomarkers in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2016; 176:3-13. [PMID: 25124519 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical and biological manifestations. Due to the lack of objective tests, the accurate diagnosis and selection of effective treatments for schizophrenia remains challenging. Numerous technologies have been employed in search of schizophrenia biomarkers. These studies have suggested that neuroinflammatory processes may play a role in schizophrenia pathogenesis, at least in a subgroup of patients. The evidence indicates alterations in both pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in the central nervous system, which have also been found in peripheral tissues and may correlate with schizophrenia symptoms. In line with these findings, certain immunomodulatory interventions have shown beneficial effects on psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia patients, in particular those with distinct immune signatures. In this review, we evaluate these findings and their potential for more targeted drug interventions and the development of companion diagnostics. Although currently no validated markers exist for schizophrenia patient stratification or the prediction of treatment efficacy, we propose that utilisation of inflammatory markers for diagnostic and theranostic purposes may lead to novel therapeutic approaches and deliver more effective care for schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tomasik
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hassan Rahmoune
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul C Guest
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabine Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Family-based association study of interleukin 10 (IL10) and interleukin 10 receptor alpha (IL10RA) functional polymorphisms in schizophrenia in Polish population. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 297:92-7. [PMID: 27397081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder and its etiology remains incompletely elucidated. Among possible causes, immunological factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis and course. Interleukin-10 (IL10) and it's receptor IL10RA may play an important role for immunological aspects in etiologies of major psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to perform a transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) on a group of 146 schizophrenia trios from the Polish population. Functional polymorphisms from IL10 (rs1800872, rs1800871, rs1800896, rs1800890, and rs6676671) and IL10RA (rs3135932 and rs2229113) genes were analyzed. A lack of association with schizophrenia was detected for IL10 and IL10RA single polymorphisms and haplotypes.
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Lanning RK, Zai CC, Müller DJ. Pharmacogenetics of tardive dyskinesia: an updated review of the literature. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1339-51. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.16.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious and potentially irreversible side effect of long-term exposure to antipsychotic medication characterized by involuntary trunk, limb and orofacial muscle movements. Various mechanisms have been proposed for the etiopathophysiology of antipsychotic-induced TD in schizophrenia patients with genetic factors playing a prominent role. Earlier association studies have focused on polymorphisms in CYP2D6, dopamine-, serotonin-, GABA- and glutamate genes. This review highlights recent advances in the genetic investigation of TD. Recent promising findings were obtained with the HSPG2, DPP6, MTNR1A, SLC18A2, PIP5K2A and CNR1 genes. More research, including collection of well-characterized samples, enhancement of genome-wide strategies, gene–gene interaction and epigenetic analyses, is needed before genetic tests with clinical utility can be made available for TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Lanning
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Kapelski P, Skibinska M, Maciukiewicz M, Wilkosc M, Frydecka D, Groszewska A, Narozna B, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Czerski P, Pawlak J, Rajewska-Rager A, Leszczynska-Rodziewicz A, Slopien A, Zaremba D, Twarowska-Hauser J. Association study of functional polymorphisms in interleukins and interleukin receptors genes: IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, IL6, IL6R, IL10, IL10RA and TGFB1 in schizophrenia in Polish population. Schizophr Res 2015; 169:1-9. [PMID: 26481614 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia has been associated with a large range of autoimmune diseases, with a history of any autoimmune disease being associated with a 45% increase in risk for the illness. The inflammatory system may trigger or modulate the course of schizophrenia through complex mechanisms influencing neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and neurotransmission. In particular, increases or imbalance in cytokine before birth or during the early stages of life may affect neurodevelopment and produce vulnerability to the disease. A total of 27 polymorphisms of IL1N gene: rs1800587, rs17561; IL1B gene: rs1143634, rs1143643, rs16944, rs4848306, rs1143623, rs1143633, rs1143627; IL1RN gene: rs419598, rs315952, rs9005, rs4251961; IL6 gene: rs1800795, rs1800797; IL6R gene: rs4537545, rs4845617, rs2228145, IL10 gene: rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872, rs1800890, rs6676671; IL10RA gene: rs2229113, rs3135932; TGF1B gene: rs1800469, rs1800470; each selected on the basis of molecular evidence for functionality, were investigated in this study. Analysis was performed on a group of 621 patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia and 531 healthy controls in Polish population. An association of rs4848306 in IL1B gene, rs4251961 in IL1RN gene, rs2228145 and rs4537545 in IL6R with schizophrenia have been observed. rs6676671 in IL10 was associated with early age of onset. Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between analyzed polymorphisms in each gene, except of IL10RA. We observed that haplotypes composed of rs4537545 and rs2228145 in IL6R gene were associated with schizophrenia. Analyses with family history of schizophrenia, other psychiatric disorders and alcohol abuse/dependence did not show any positive findings. Further studies on larger groups along with correlation with circulating protein levels are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Kapelski
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Maria Skibinska
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Maciukiewicz
- Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research, Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T1R8, Canada
| | - Monika Wilkosc
- Institute of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dorota Frydecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Groszewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland
| | - Beata Narozna
- Department of Pulmonology, Pediatric Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Czerski
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Pawlak
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Anna Leszczynska-Rodziewicz
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Slopien
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Zaremba
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Twarowska-Hauser
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
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Al-Asmary SM, Kadasah S, Arfin M, Tariq M, Al-Asmari A. Genetic Variants of Interleukin-10 Gene Promoter are Associated with Schizophrenia in Saudi Patients: A Case-Control Study. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 6:558-65. [PMID: 25535603 PMCID: PMC4264290 DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.145466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene is considered as a potential candidate gene in schizophrenia association studies. The polymorphisms on IL-10 gene have been reported to be linked with susceptibility to the development of schizophrenia within consistent results. AIMS The aim of this case-control study was to examine whether the -1082A/G, -819T/C, and -592A/C polymorphisms in IL-10 gene are implicated in schizophrenia development in the Saudi population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular genotyping of IL-10 gene polymorphisms was performed to analyze the genotypes and alleles distribution of three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in patients (n = 181) and healthy individuals as control group (n = 211). RESULTS The frequencies of GA genotype at -1082, and CC genotype at positions -592 and -819 were significantly higher in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy subjects suggesting that GA, CC, and CC genotypes are susceptible to schizophrenia. The ACC haplotype known to be associated with intermediate production of IL-10 are more prevalent in our schizophrenia patients. On the other hand, genotypes -1082 GG, -819 CT, and -592 CA of IL-10 were more prevalent in healthy controls suggesting protective effects of GA, CT, and CA genotypes against schizophrenia. There was no significant association of IL-10 polymorphisms with sex or positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the IL-10 gene polymorphisms play a significant role in the etiology of schizophrenia in Saudi Arabians patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammad Al-Asmary
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Kadasah
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahul Arfin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Tariq
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Asmari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Okazaki S, Watanabe Y, Hishimoto A, Sasada T, Mouri K, Shiroiwa K, Eguchi N, Ratta-Apha W, Otsuka I, Nunokawa A, Kaneko N, Shibuya M, Someya T, Shirakawa O, Sora I. Association analysis of putative cis-acting polymorphisms of interleukin-19 gene with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 50:151-6. [PMID: 24361379 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and gene expression analyses have revealed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with multifactorial diseases, such as schizophrenia, are significantly more likely to be associated with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). It was recently suggested that an immune system imbalance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Interleukin-19 is a novel cytokine that may play multiple roles in immune regulation and various diseases. METHOD We selected eight tag SNPs in the eQTL of the IL-19 gene. Seven of the SNPs are putative cis-acting SNPs. Then, we conducted a case-control study using two independent samples. The first sample comprised 567 schizophrenia patients and 710 controls, and the second sample comprised 677 schizophrenia patients and 667 controls. RESULT We identified the TGAA haplotype as being significantly associated with schizophrenia (p=0.0036 and corrected p=0.0264), although a combined analysis of the TGAA haplotype with the replication samples exhibited a nominally significant difference (p=0.022 and corrected p=0.235). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the IL-19 gene might slightly contribute to the genetic risk of schizophrenia. Thus, further research on the association of eQTL SNPs with schizophrenia is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Toru Sasada
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Shiroiwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriomi Eguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Woraphat Ratta-Apha
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ayako Nunokawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kaneko
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masako Shibuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Someya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Shirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Meyer U. Anti-inflammatory signaling in schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2011; 25:1507-18. [PMID: 21664451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A great deal of interest has been centered upon activated inflammatory processes in schizophrenia and their contribution to disease-relevant brain and behavioral impairment. In contrast, the role of anti-inflammatory signaling has attracted somewhat less attention in this context. The present article focuses on the emerging role of anti-inflammatory signaling in schizophrenia and discusses the potential influence of altered anti-inflammatory activity on progressive inflammatory processes, physical and metabolic functions, and treatment effects related to the use of conventional antipsychotic drugs and immunomodulatory agents in the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. By reviewing existing evidence, it appears that enhanced anti-inflammatory activity has many faces in schizophrenia: On the one hand, it may effectively limit potentially harmful inflammatory processes and may contribute to the improvement of psychopathological symptoms, especially when the anti-inflammatory system is boosted at early stages of the disease. On the other hand, enhanced anti-inflammatory activity may render affected individuals more susceptible to distinct physiological abnormalities such as cardiovascular disease, and may further impede the resistance to specific infectious agents. Therefore, an enhancement of anti-inflammatory signaling in schizophrenia might not simply be said to be either advantageous or disadvantageous, but rather should be interpreted and dealt with in a context-dependent manner. Increased awareness of the multiple roles of anti-inflammatory signaling may readily help to reduce additional health burdens in schizophrenia, and at the same time, may provide opportunities to further explore the benefits associated with anti-inflammatory strategies in the symptomatological and/or preventive treatment of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Meyer
- Laboratory of Behavioural Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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Meyer U, Schwarz MJ, Müller N. Inflammatory processes in schizophrenia: a promising neuroimmunological target for the treatment of negative/cognitive symptoms and beyond. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 132:96-110. [PMID: 21704074 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that schizophrenia is associated with activated peripheral and central inflammatory responses. Such inflammatory processes seem to be influenced by a number of environmental and genetic predisposition factors, and they may critically depend on and contribute to the progressive nature of schizophrenic disease. There is also appreciable evidence to suggest that activated inflammatory responses can undermine disease-relevant affective, emotional, social, and cognitive functions, so that inflammatory processes may be particularly relevant for the precipitation of negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Recent clinical trials of anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy in this disorder provide promising results by showing superior beneficial treatment effects when standard antipsychotic drugs are co-administered with anti-inflammatory compounds, as compared with treatment outcomes using antipsychotic drugs alone. Given the limited efficacy of currently available antipsychotic drugs to ameliorate negative and cognitive symptoms, the further exploration of inflammatory mechanisms and anti-inflammatory strategies may open fruitful new avenues for improved treatment of symptoms undermining affective, emotional, social and cognitive functions pertinent to schizophrenic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Meyer
- Physiology and Behaviour Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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12
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Almoguera B, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Lopez-Castroman J, Dorado P, Lopez-Rodriguez R, Fernandez-Navarro P, Baca-García E, Fernandez-Piqueras J, Dal-Ré R, Abad-Santos F, Llerena A, Ayuso C. ATA homozigosity in the IL-10 gene promoter is a risk factor for schizophrenia in Spanish females: a case control study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:81. [PMID: 21658228 PMCID: PMC3144450 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Three IL-10 gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms -1082G > A, -819C > T and -592C > A and the haplotypes they define in Caucasians, GCC, ACC, ATA, associated with different IL-10 production rates, have been linked to schizophrenia in some populations with conflicting results. On the basis of the evidence of the sex-dependent effect of certain genes in many complex diseases, we conducted a sex-stratified case-control association study to verify the linkage of the IL-10 gene promoter SNPs and haplotypes with schizophrenia and the possible sex-specific genetic effect in a Spanish schizophrenic population. Methods 241 DSM-IV diagnosed Spanish schizophrenic patients and 435 ethnically matched controls were genotyped for -1082G > A and -592C > A SNPs. Chi squared tests were performed to assess for genetic association of alleles, genotypes and haplotypes with the disease. Results The -1082A allele (p = 0.027), A/A (p = 0.008) and ATA/ATA (p = 0.003) genotypes were significantly associated with schizophrenia in females while neither allelic nor genotypic frequencies reached statistical significance in the male population. Conclusions Our results highlight the hypothesis of an imbalance towards an inflammatory syndrome as the immune abnormality of schizophrenia. Anyway, a better understanding of the involvement of the immune system would imply the search of immune abnormalities in endophenotypes in whose sex and ethnicity might be differential factors. It also reinforces the need of performing complex gene studies based on multiple cytokine SNPs, including anti and pro-inflammatory, to clarify the immune system abnormalities direction in the etiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Almoguera
- Genetics Department, CAIBER Unit, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain.
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Ozbey U, Tug E, Namli M. Interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphism in patients with schizophrenia in a region of East Turkey. World J Biol Psychiatry 2010; 10:461-8. [PMID: 19153889 DOI: 10.1080/15622970802626580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is one of the most severe psychiatric disorders, with a worldwide incidence of 1%. Immunological abnormalities have been found to be associated with schizophrenia for decades. Cytokines are key proteins involved in the immune system activation. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), an important immunoregulatory cytokine, is located on chromosome 1q31-32, a region previously reported to be linked to schizophrenia in genetic studies. In the present study it was aimed to examine the IL-10 gene promoter region's polymorphic variants in patients with schizophrenia in a population of the Elazig Region of East Anatolia, Turkey. Polymorphisms at position -1082, -819 and-592 in the IL-10 promoter region were determined in 171 Turkish patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia, based on the DSM-IV, and 168 healthy controls, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). We analyzed allele, genotype, and haplotype distributions using a case-control association study. Genotyping was performed by RFLP. Statistically significant differences were observed in both allelic and genotypic frequencies of the-592A/C polymorphism (Allele, P=0.034, OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.02-1.56; Genotype, P=0.048), while the other two polymorphisms in distribution of the alleles and genotypes in patients with schizophrenia were not significantly different from those of controls (P>0.05). Our results show a significant increase of GTA homozygotes (the high IL-10-producing haplotype) in schizophrenic patients compared to control subjects (P=0.0001). These data suggest that the IL-10 gene promoter polymorphism may be one of the susceptibility factors to develop schizophrenia in the Turkish population, and apparently in all humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulku Ozbey
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Zeng L, Gu W, Chen K, Jiang D, Zhang L, Du D, Hu P, Liu Q, Huang S, Jiang J. Clinical relevance of the interleukin 10 promoter polymorphisms in Chinese Han patients with major trauma: genetic association studies. Crit Care 2009; 13:R188. [PMID: 19939284 PMCID: PMC2811917 DOI: 10.1186/cc8182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Revised: 10/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An excessive inflammatory response is thought to account for the pathogenesis of sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after severe trauma. The interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine. The objectives of this prospective study were to investigate the distribution of IL-10 promoter polymorphisms in a cohort of 308 Chinese Han patients with major trauma, and to identify associations of IL-10 promoter polymorphisms with IL-10 production and incidence of sepsis and MODS. METHODS A total of 308 patients with major trauma were included in this study. The genotypes of polymorphisms -1082, -819 and -592 were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The IL-10 levels in the supernatants were determined with enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. RESULTS The -1082A and -592A alleles were significantly associated with lower lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-10 production in an allele-dose dependent fashion. There was no significant difference for the -819 polymorphism. Except for the -1082 polymorphism, the -819 and -592 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with sepsis morbidity rate and MOD scores. CONCLUSIONS Our results further confirm the functionality of the IL-10 promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms in relation to IL-10 production. They also suggest that individual difference in IL-10 production in trauma patients might be at least in part related to genetic variations in the IL-10 promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Kehong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Dongpo Jiang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Lianyang Zhang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Dingyuan Du
- Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Ping Hu
- Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Suna Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
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Chen Q, Wang X, O’Neill FA, Walsh D, Fanous A, Kendler KS, Chen X. Association study of CSF2RB with schizophrenia in Irish family and case - control samples. Mol Psychiatry 2008; 13:930-8. [PMID: 17667962 PMCID: PMC4034748 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, beta (CSF2RB) is the shared subunit of receptors for interleukin 3 (IL3), colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) and IL5, and is responsible for the initiation of signal transduction triggered by ligand binding. In our previous study, we showed the evidence that the IL3 gene is associated with schizophrenia and the associations observed are sex-specific and dependent on family history (FH). In this article, we studied 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CSF2RB gene in the Irish Study of High-Density Schizophrenia Families (ISHDSF) and the Irish Case - Control Study of Schizophrenia (ICCSS), and tested allele and haplotype associations with schizophrenia. Using the pedigree disequilibrium test, we found that two markers (rs11705394 and rs7285064) reached nominal significance. In sex-stratified analyses, for both the markers the association signals were mainly derived from male subjects. In the ICCSS sample, we found that several markers (rs2072707, rs2284031 and rs909486) showed sex-specific and FH-dependent associations with schizophrenia. In multimarker haplotype analyses, both ISHDSF and ICCSS samples showed globally significant associations in multiple linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks sharing minimal LD. Since CSF2RB is essential for IL3 signaling, the findings that both IL3 and CSF2RB showed sex-specific and FH-dependent associations suggest that the IL3 pathway is involved in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - X Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - FA O’Neill
- The Department of Psychiatry, The Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - D Walsh
- The Health Research Board, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Fanous
- Washington VA Medical Center-Georgetown University Medical Center Schizophrenia Research Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - KS Kendler
- Department of Psychiatry and Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - X Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Beveridge NJ, Tooney PA, Carroll AP, Gardiner E, Bowden N, Scott RJ, Tran N, Dedova I, Cairns MJ. Dysregulation of miRNA 181b in the temporal cortex in schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17:1156-68. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Abstract
For decades, evolutionary biologists have argued that changes in cis-regulatory sequences constitute an important part of the genetic basis for adaptation. Although originally based on first principles, this claim is now empirically well supported: numerous studies have identified cis-regulatory mutations with functionally significant consequences for morphology, physiology and behaviour. The focus has now shifted to considering whether cis-regulatory and coding mutations make qualitatively different contributions to phenotypic evolution. Cases in which parallel mutations have produced parallel trait modifications in particular suggest that some phenotypic changes are more likely to result from cis-regulatory mutations than from coding mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Wray
- Department of Biology and Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
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Shirts BH, Wood J, Yolken RH, Nimgaonkar VL. Association study of IL10, IL1beta, and IL1RN and schizophrenia using tag SNPs from a comprehensive database: suggestive association with rs16944 at IL1beta. Schizophr Res 2006; 88:235-44. [PMID: 16905295 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Revised: 06/21/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Genetic association studies of several candidate cytokine genes have been motivated by evidence of immune dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia. Intriguing but inconsistent associations have been reported with polymorphisms of three positional candidate genes, namely IL1beta, IL1RN, and IL10. We used comprehensive sequencing data from the Seattle SNPs database to select tag SNPs that represent all common polymorphisms in the Caucasian population at these loci. Associations with 28 tag SNPs were evaluated in 478 cases and 501 unscreened control individuals, while accounting for population sub-structure using the genomic control method. The samples were also stratified by gender, diagnostic category, and exposure to infectious agents. Significant association was not detected after correcting for multiple comparisons. However, meta-analysis of our data combined with previously published association studies of rs16944 (IL1beta -511) suggests that the C allele confers modest risk for schizophrenia among individuals reporting Caucasian ancestry, but not Asians (Caucasians, n=819 cases, 1292 controls; p=0.0013, OR=1.24, 95% CI 1.09, 1.41).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H Shirts
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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