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Spedding M, Sebban C, Jay TM, Rocher C, Tesolin-Decros B, Chazot P, Schenker E, Szénási G, Lévay GI, Megyeri K, Barkóczy J, Hársing LG, Thomson I, Cunningham MO, Whittington MA, Etherington LA, Lambert JJ, Antoni FA, Gacsályi I. Phenotypical Screening on Neuronal Plasticity in Hippocampal-Prefrontal Cortex Connectivity Reveals an Antipsychotic with a Novel Profile. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071181. [PMID: 35406745 PMCID: PMC8997950 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in the hippocampus-prefrontal cortex (H-PFC) circuit is a critical determinant of schizophrenia. Screening of pyridazinone-risperidone hybrids on this circuit revealed EGIS 11150 (S 36549). EGIS 11150 induced theta rhythm in hippocampal slice preparations in the stratum lacunosum molecular area of CA1, which was resistant to atropine and prazosin. EGIS 11150 enhanced H-PFC coherence, and increased the 8−9 Hz theta band of the EEG power spectrum (from 0.002 mg/kg i.p, at >30× lower doses than clozapine, and >100× for olanzapine, risperidone, or haloperidol). EGIS 11150 fully blocked the effects of phencyclidine (PCP) or ketamine on EEG. Inhibition of long-term potentiation (LTP) in H-PFC was blocked by platform stress, but was fully restored by EGIS 11150 (0.01 mg/kg i.p.), whereas clozapine (0.3 mg/kg ip) only partially restored LTP. EGIS 11150 has a unique electrophysiological profile, so phenotypical screening on H-PFC connectivity can reveal novel antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Spedding
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 92284 Suresnes, France;
- Spedding Research Solutions SAS, 78110 Le Vésinet, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Claude Sebban
- Hôpital Charles Foix, 94205 Ivry-sur-Seine, France; (C.S.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Thérèse M. Jay
- INSERM UMR_S894, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université de Paris V Descartes, 75014 Paris, France; (T.M.J.); (C.R.)
| | - Cyril Rocher
- INSERM UMR_S894, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université de Paris V Descartes, 75014 Paris, France; (T.M.J.); (C.R.)
| | | | - Paul Chazot
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Esther Schenker
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 92284 Suresnes, France;
| | - Gabor Szénási
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György I. Lévay
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
- Gedeon Richter Plc., 1103 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Megyeri
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
- Hungarian Defence Forces Medical Centre, 1134 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jozsef Barkóczy
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
| | - Laszlo G. Hársing
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ian Thomson
- Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (I.T.); (M.O.C.)
| | - Mark O. Cunningham
- Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (I.T.); (M.O.C.)
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Miles A. Whittington
- Deceased, formerly of Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington HU6 7RX, UK;
| | - Lori-An Etherington
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.-A.E.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Jeremy J. Lambert
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (L.-A.E.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Ferenc A. Antoni
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Istvan Gacsályi
- Behavioural Pharmacology Laboratory, EGIS Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1106 Budapest, Hungary; (G.S.); (G.I.L.); (K.M.); (J.B.); (L.G.H.J.); (F.A.A.); (I.G.)
- ATRC Aurigon Toxicological Research Center Ltd., 2120 Dunakeszi, Hungary
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2
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Perez DM. Current Developments on the Role of α 1-Adrenergic Receptors in Cognition, Cardioprotection, and Metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652152. [PMID: 34113612 PMCID: PMC8185284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The α1-adrenergic receptors (ARs) are G-protein coupled receptors that bind the endogenous catecholamines, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. They play a key role in the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system along with β and α2-AR family members. While all of the adrenergic receptors bind with similar affinity to the catecholamines, they can regulate different physiologies and pathophysiologies in the body because they couple to different G-proteins and signal transduction pathways, commonly in opposition to one another. While α1-AR subtypes (α1A, α1B, α1C) have long been known to be primary regulators of vascular smooth muscle contraction, blood pressure, and cardiac hypertrophy, their role in neurotransmission, improving cognition, protecting the heart during ischemia and failure, and regulating whole body and organ metabolism are not well known and are more recent developments. These advancements have been made possible through the development of transgenic and knockout mouse models and more selective ligands to advance their research. Here, we will review the recent literature to provide new insights into these physiological functions and possible use as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne M Perez
- The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Perez DM. α 1-Adrenergic Receptors in Neurotransmission, Synaptic Plasticity, and Cognition. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:581098. [PMID: 33117176 PMCID: PMC7553051 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
α1-adrenergic receptors are G-Protein Coupled Receptors that are involved in neurotransmission and regulate the sympathetic nervous system through binding and activating the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, and the neurohormone, epinephrine. There are three α1-adrenergic receptor subtypes (α1A, α1B, α1D) that are known to play various roles in neurotransmission and cognition. They are related to two other adrenergic receptor families that also bind norepinephrine and epinephrine, the β- and α2-, each with three subtypes (β1, β2, β3, α2A, α2B, α2C). Previous studies assessing the roles of α1-adrenergic receptors in neurotransmission and cognition have been inconsistent. This was due to the use of poorly-selective ligands and many of these studies were published before the characterization of the cloned receptor subtypes and the subsequent development of animal models. With the availability of more-selective ligands and the development of animal models, a clearer picture of their role in cognition and neurotransmission can be assessed. In this review, we highlight the significant role that the α1-adrenergic receptor plays in regulating synaptic efficacy, both short and long-term synaptic plasticity, and its regulation of different types of memory. We will also present evidence that the α1-adrenergic receptors, and particularly the α1A-adrenergic receptor subtype, are a potentially good target to treat a wide variety of neurological conditions with diminished cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne M Perez
- The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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4
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Silkis IG. The Possible Mechanism of the Appearance of Nightmares in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Approaches to Their Prevention. NEUROCHEM J+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Choy JMC, Agahari FA, Li L, Stricker C. Noradrenaline Increases mEPSC Frequency in Pyramidal Cells in Layer II of Rat Barrel Cortex via Calcium Release From Presynaptic Stores. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:213. [PMID: 30100867 PMCID: PMC6072855 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory cortex is innervated by afferents originating from the locus coeruleus which typically release noradrenaline. We tested if activation of presynaptic α1-adrenoceptors (AR) coupled to a Gq-mediated signaling cascade resulted in calcium (Ca2+) release from stores and thereby increased spontaneous transmitter release in rat barrel cortex. Adding 1–100 μM noradrenaline (NA) or 5 μM cirazoline (CO), a α1-AR specific agonist, to the standard artificial cerebrospinal fluid increased the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC) by 64 ± 7% in 51% of pyramidal cells in layer II (responders) with no effect on the amplitude. In 42 responders, the mEPSC frequency during control was significantly smaller (39 ± 2 vs. 53 ± 4 Hz) and upon NA exposure, the input resistance (Rin) decreased (9 ± 7%) compared to non-responders. Experiments using CO and the antagonist prazosin revealed that NA acted via binding to α1-ARs, which was further corroborated by simultaneously blocking β- and α2-ARs with propranolol and yohimbine, which did not prevent the increase in mEPSC frequency. To verify elements in the signaling cascade, both the phospholipase C inhibitor edelfosine and the membrane permeable IP3 receptor blocker 2-APB averted the increase in mEPSC frequency. Likewise, emptying Ca2+ stores with cyclopiazonic acid or the chelation of intracellular Ca2+ with BAPTA-AM prevented the frequency increase, suggesting that the frequency increase was caused by presynaptic store release. When group I metabotropic glutamate receptors were activated with DHPG, co-application of NA occluded a further frequency increase suggesting that the two receptor activations may not signal independently of each other. The increased mEPSC frequency in a subset of pyramidal cells results in enhanced synaptic noise, which, together with the reduction in Rin, will affect computation in the network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M C Choy
- Neuronal Network Laboratory, Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Fransiscus A Agahari
- Neuronal Network Laboratory, Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Li Li
- Neuronal Network Laboratory, Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Christian Stricker
- Neuronal Network Laboratory, Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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6
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Terakado M. Adrenergic regulation of GABA release from presynaptic terminals in rat cerebral cortex. J Oral Sci 2016; 56:49-57. [PMID: 24739708 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.56.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine and the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol have opposite effects on evoked EPSPs (eEPSPs) in the cerebral cortex. The suppressive effects of phenylephrine on eEPSPs are mediated by modulation of postsynaptic glutamate receptors, whereas enhancement of eEPSPs by isoproterenol is due to facilitation of glutamate release from presynaptic terminals. The present study used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from layer V pyramidal neurons in visuocortical slice preparations to assess the effects of phenylephrine and isoproterenol on the release probability of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The present study recorded evoked inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (eIPSCs) by repetitive electrical stimulation (duration, 100 μs; 10 stimuli at 33 Hz) and miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs). The effects of phenylephrine (100 μM) depended on the amplitude of eIPSCs: phenylephrine decreased the paired-pulse ratios (PPRs) of eIPSCs with smaller amplitudes (<~600 pA) but increased PPRs of eIPSCs with larger amplitude. Phenylephrine also exhibited amplitude-dependent modulation of mIPSCs, i.e., an increase in the frequency of smaller mIPSC events (<~20 pA) and a decrease in the frequency of larger events. These findings suggest that α1-adrenoceptor activation facilitates GABA release from a subpopulation of GABAergic terminals that induce smaller-amplitude IPSCs in postsynaptic neurons. In contrast, isoproterenol (100 μM) consistently decreased the PPR of eIPSCs and increased the frequency of mIPSCs, suggesting that presynaptic β-adrenoceptors increase release probability from most GABAergic terminals. The complexity of adrenoceptor modulations in GABAergic synaptic transmission by α1-adrenoceptor and β-adrenoceptor activation may be due to the presence of pleiotropic subtypes of GABAergic interneurons in the cerebral cortex.
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7
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Salgado H, Treviño M, Atzori M. Layer- and area-specific actions of norepinephrine on cortical synaptic transmission. Brain Res 2016; 1641:163-76. [PMID: 26820639 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is a critical target of the central noradrenergic system. The importance of norepinephrine (NE) in the regulation of cortical activity is underscored by clinical findings that involve this catecholamine and its receptor subtypes in the regulation of a large number of emotional and cognitive functions and illnesses. In this review, we highlight diverse effects of the LC/NE system in the mammalian cortex. Indeed, electrophysiological, pharmacological, and behavioral studies in the last few decades reveal that NE elicits a mixed repertoire of excitatory, inhibitory, and biphasic effects on the firing activity and transmitter release of cortical neurons. At the intrinsic cellular level, NE can produce a series of effects similar to those elicited by other monoamines or acetylcholine, associated with systemic arousal. At the synaptic level, NE induces numerous acute changes in synaptic function, and ׳gates' the induction of long-term plasticity of glutamatergic synapses, consisting in an enhancement of engaged and relevant cortical synapses and/or depression of unengaged synapses. Equally important in shaping cortical function, in many cortical areas NE promotes a characteristic, most often reversible, increase in the gain of local inhibitory synapses, whose extent and temporal properties vary between different areas and sometimes even between cortical layers of the same area. While we are still a long way from a comprehensive theory of the function of the LC/NE system, its cellular, synaptic, and plastic effects are consistent with the hypothesis that noradrenergic modulation is critical in coordinating the activity of cortical and subcortical circuits for the integration of sensory activity and working memory. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Noradrenergic System.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Atzori
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México.
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8
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Mertens J, Wang QW, Kim Y, Yu DX, Pham S, Yang B, Zheng Y, Diffenderfer KE, Zhang J, Soltani S, Eames T, Schafer ST, Boyer L, Marchetto MC, Nurnberger JI, Calabrese JR, Ødegaard KJ, McCarthy MJ, Zandi PP, Alda M, Alba M, Nievergelt CM, Mi S, Brennand KJ, Kelsoe JR, Gage FH, Yao J. Differential responses to lithium in hyperexcitable neurons from patients with bipolar disorder. Nature 2015; 527:95-9. [PMID: 26524527 PMCID: PMC4742055 DOI: 10.1038/nature15526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterized by intermittent episodes of mania and depression; without treatment, 15% of patients commit suicide. Hence, it has been ranked by the World Health Organization as a top disorder of morbidity and lost productivity. Previous neuropathological studies have revealed a series of alterations in the brains of patients with bipolar disorder or animal models, such as reduced glial cell number in the prefrontal cortex of patients, upregulated activities of the protein kinase A and C pathways and changes in neurotransmission. However, the roles and causation of these changes in bipolar disorder have been too complex to exactly determine the pathology of the disease. Furthermore, although some patients show remarkable improvement with lithium treatment for yet unknown reasons, others are refractory to lithium treatment. Therefore, developing an accurate and powerful biological model for bipolar disorder has been a challenge. The introduction of induced pluripotent stem-cell (iPSC) technology has provided a new approach. Here we have developed an iPSC model for human bipolar disorder and investigated the cellular phenotypes of hippocampal dentate gyrus-like neurons derived from iPSCs of patients with bipolar disorder. Guided by RNA sequencing expression profiling, we have detected mitochondrial abnormalities in young neurons from patients with bipolar disorder by using mitochondrial assays; in addition, using both patch-clamp recording and somatic Ca(2+) imaging, we have observed hyperactive action-potential firing. This hyperexcitability phenotype of young neurons in bipolar disorder was selectively reversed by lithium treatment only in neurons derived from patients who also responded to lithium treatment. Therefore, hyperexcitability is one early endophenotype of bipolar disorder, and our model of iPSCs in this disease might be useful in developing new therapies and drugs aimed at its clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Mertens
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Qiu-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongsung Kim
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Diana X Yu
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Son Pham
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kenneth E Diffenderfer
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Stem Cell Core, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sheila Soltani
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Tameji Eames
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Simon T Schafer
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Leah Boyer
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Maria C Marchetto
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - John I Nurnberger
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Joseph R Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Ketil J Ødegaard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Michael J McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California 92151, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Peter P Zandi
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H2E2, Canada
| | - Martin Alba
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H2E2, Canada
| | - Caroline M Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Shuangli Mi
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kristen J Brennand
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - John R Kelsoe
- Department of Psychiatry, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California 92151, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Fred H Gage
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Language Ability, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221009, China
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9
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Luo F, Li SH, Tang H, Deng WK, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Phenylephrine enhances glutamate release in the medial prefrontal cortex through interaction with N-type Ca2+ channels and release machinery. J Neurochem 2014; 132:38-50. [PMID: 25196067 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
α1 -adrenoceptors (α1 -ARs) stimulation has been found to enhance excitatory processes in many brain regions. A recent study in our laboratory showed that α1 -ARs stimulation enhances glutamatergic transmission via both pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms in layer V/VI pyramidal cells of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, a number of pre-synaptic mechanisms may contribute to α1 -ARs-induced enhancement of glutamate release. In this study, we blocked the possible post-synaptic action mediated by α1 -ARs to investigate how α1 -ARs activation regulates pre-synaptic glutamate release in layer V/VI pyramidal neurons of mPFC. We found that the α1 -ARs agonist phenylephrine (Phe) induced a significant enhancement of glutamatergic transmission. The Phe-induced potentiation was mediated by enhancing pre-synaptic glutamate release probability and increasing the number of release vesicles via a protein kinase C-dependent pathway. The mechanisms of Phe-induced potentiation included interaction with both glutamate release machinery and N-type Ca(2+) channels, probably via a pre-synaptic Gq /phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway. Our results may provide a cellular and molecular mechanism that helps explain α1 -ARs-mediated influence on PFC cognitive functions. Alpha1 -adrenoceptor (α1 -ARs) stimulation has been reported to enhance glutamatergic transmission in layer V/VI pyramidal neurons of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We found that α1 -ARs agonist phenylephrine (Phe) increases pre-synaptic glutamate release probability and the number of released vesicles via interaction with both glutamate release machinery and N-type Ca(2+) channels. Our results may provide a cellular and molecular mechanism that helps explain α1 -ARs-mediated influence on PFC cognitive functions. Gq, Gq protein; PLC, phospholipase C; PKC, protein kinase C; AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid; NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate; Glu, glutamate; Phe, phenylephrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Luo F, Tang H, Li BM, Li SH. Activation of α1-adrenoceptors enhances excitatory synaptic transmission via a pre- and postsynaptic protein kinase C-dependent mechanism in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 39:1281-93. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Institute of Neurobiology & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology; Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Hua Tang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Diseases; Institute of Life Science; Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Bao-ming Li
- Institute of Neurobiology & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology; Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200032 China
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Diseases; Institute of Life Science; Nanchang University; Nanchang China
| | - Si-hai Li
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Diseases; Institute of Life Science; Nanchang University; Nanchang China
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11
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Locus coeruleus stimulation recruits a broad cortical neuronal network and increases cortical perfusion. J Neurosci 2013; 33:3390-401. [PMID: 23426667 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3346-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of brain noradrenalin (NA), modulates cortical activity, cerebral blood flow (CBF), glucose metabolism, and blood-brain barrier permeability. However, the role of the LC-NA system in the regulation of cortical CBF has remained elusive. This rat study shows that similar proportions (∼20%) of cortical pyramidal cells and GABA interneurons are contacted by LC-NA afferents on their cell soma or proximal dendrites. LC stimulation induced ipsilateral activation (c-Fos upregulation) of pyramidal cells and of a larger proportion (>36%) of interneurons that colocalize parvalbumin, somatostatin, or nitric oxide synthase compared with pyramidal cells expressing cyclooxygenase-2 (22%, p < 0.05) or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing interneurons (16%, p < 0.01). Concurrently, LC stimulation elicited larger ipsilateral compared with contralateral increases in cortical CBF (52 vs 31%, p < 0.01). These CBF responses were almost abolished (-70%, p < 0.001) by cortical NA denervation with DSP-4 [N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine hydrochloride] and were significantly reduced by α- and β-adrenoceptor antagonists (-40%, p < 0.001 and -30%, p < 0.05, respectively). Blockade of glutamatergic or GABAergic neurotransmission with NMDA or GABA(A) receptor antagonists potently reduced the LC-induced hyperemic response (-56%, p < 0.001 or -47%, p < 0.05). Moreover, inhibition of astroglial metabolism (-35%, p < 0.01), vasoactive epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs; -60%, p < 0.001) synthesis, large-conductance, calcium-operated (BK, -52%, p < 0.05), and inward-rectifier (Kir, -40%, p < 0.05) K+ channels primarily impaired the hyperemic response. The data demonstrate that LC stimulation recruits a broad network of cortical excitatory and inhibitory neurons resulting in increased cortical activity and that K+ fluxes and EET signaling mediate a large part of the hemodynamic response.
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O’Donnell J, Zeppenfeld D, McConnell E, Pena S, Nedergaard M. Norepinephrine: a neuromodulator that boosts the function of multiple cell types to optimize CNS performance. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:2496-512. [PMID: 22717696 PMCID: PMC3548657 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Norepinephrine (NE) is a neuromodulator that in multiple ways regulates the activity of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. NE participates in the rapid modulation of cortical circuits and cellular energy metabolism, and on a slower time scale in neuroplasticity and inflammation. Of the multiple sources of NE in the brain, the locus coeruleus (LC) plays a major role in noradrenergic signaling. Processes from the LC primarily release NE over widespread brain regions via non-junctional varicosities. We here review the actions of NE in astrocytes, microglial cells, and neurons based on the idea that the overarching effect of signaling from the LC is to maximize brain power, which is accomplished via an orchestrated cellular response involving most, if not all cell types in CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O’Donnell
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Douglas Zeppenfeld
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Evan McConnell
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Salvador Pena
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Takei H, Song L, Ebihara K, Shirakawa T, Koshikawa N, Kobayashi M. Histaminergic effects on the frequency of repetitive spike firing in rat insular cortex. Neurosci Lett 2012; 518:55-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tremere LA. Noradrenergic Modulation of Light-Driven Egr-1 Expression in the Adult Visual Cortex. J Exp Neurosci 2011; 5:13-19. [PMID: 21572590 PMCID: PMC3093712 DOI: 10.4137/jen.s6497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Noradrenaline has been shown to modulate sensory driven responses in the primary visual cortex (V1) of a number of vertebrate species. Moreover, this neurotransmitter has been postulated to bridge neuronal activation to genomic responses in order to instruct cells in long-lasting changes in neuronal performance. Here we show that local noradrenergic receptor activation in V1 is required for experience-regulated gene expression in the mouse V1. More specifically, we demonstrate that noradrenaline used locally within V1 mediates the light-driven gene expression of egr-1, an immediate early gene implicated as a mediator of neuronal plasticity. Visually-driven egr-1 expression largely depends on the α-adrenergic receptor subtype, with a lesser involvement of the β-subtype. Our findings suggest that noradrenergic transmission regulates plasticity associated gene expression in V1 of awake mice and is well positioned to broadly integrate experience-dependent changes at the cell's membrane and the genomic machinery in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa A Tremere
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA. Department of Geriatric Medicine and ROCA University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City, OK 73104-0505
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Insulin facilitates repetitive spike firing in rat insular cortex via phosphoinositide 3-kinase but not mitogen activated protein kinase cascade. Neuroscience 2010; 170:1199-208. [PMID: 20691771 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The insular cortex (IC) processes gustatory and visceral information, which functionally correlate to feeding behavior. Insulin, a well-known hormone controlling glucose metabolism, is released by elevation of blood glucose concentration following feeding behavior. The IC expresses dense insulin receptors and receives projection from the hypothalamus, which monitors changes in glucose concentration. Therefore, it is likely that insulin modulates neural properties in the IC. However, little is known about the effects of insulin on electrophysiological properties of the neocortex including the IC. To explore the effects of insulin on subthreshold responses and action potential properties in the IC, intracellular recording with sharp glass electrodes was performed from IC pyramidal cells using slice preparations. Although application of insulin (100 nM) had little effect on the resting membrane potential, input resistance and rheobase, insulin significantly increased the frequency of repetitive spike firing in response to a long depolarizing current pulse injection: the slope of the frequency-current curve was increased from 23.7±2.3 Hz/nA to 29.5±3.4 Hz/nA. Insulin slightly decreased the action potential threshold without affecting the amplitude of medium-duration and slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP) s. The insulin-induced facilitation of repetitive spike firing was dose-dependent and blocked by pre-application of 200 nM lavendustin A, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Moreover, when combined with 200 nM wortmannin, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor, or 500 nM deguelin, an inhibitor of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) downstream of PI3-K, insulin failed to increase the frequency of repetitive spike firing. In contrast, co-application of insulin and (10 μM) PD 98059, an inhibitor of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), exerted facilitation of repetitive spike firing. These results suggest that acute insulin-induced facilitation of firing frequency is at least partially induced by hyperpolarizing effects on the action potential threshold, and that this facilitation is induced by activation of PI3-K but not MAPK cascade.
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Koyanagi Y, Yamamoto K, Oi Y, Koshikawa N, Kobayashi M. Presynaptic Interneuron Subtype- and Age-Dependent Modulation of GABAergic Synaptic Transmission by β-Adrenoceptors in Rat Insular Cortex. J Neurophysiol 2010; 103:2876-88. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00972.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Adrenoceptors play a crucial role in the regulation of taste aversion learning in the insular cortex (IC). However, β-adrenergic effects on inhibitory synaptic transmission mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) remain unknown. To elucidate the mechanisms of β-adrenergic modulation of inhibitory synaptic transmission, we performed paired whole cell patch-clamp recordings from layer V GABAergic interneurons and pyramidal cells of rat IC aged from postnatal day 17 (PD17) to PD46 and examined the effects of isoproterenol, a β-adrenoceptor agonist, on unitary inhibitory postsynaptic currents (uIPSCs). Isoproterenol (100 μM) induced facilitating effects on uIPSCs in 33.3% of cell pairs accompanied by decreases in coefficient of variation (CV) of the first uIPSC amplitude and paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of the second to first uIPSC amplitude, whereas 35.9% of pairs showed suppressive effects of isoproterenol on uIPSC amplitude obtained from fast spiking (FS) to pyramidal cell pairs. Facilitatory effects of isoproterenol were frequently observed in FS–pyramidal cell pairs at ≥PD24. On the other hand, isoproterenol suppressed uIPSC amplitude by 52.3 and 39.8% in low-threshold spike (LTS)–pyramidal and late spiking (LS)–pyramidal cell pairs, respectively, with increases in CV and PPR. The isoproterenol-induced suppressive effects were blocked by preapplication of 100 μM propranolol, a β-adrenoceptor antagonist. There was no significant correlation between age and changes of uIPSCs in LTS–/LS–pyramidal cell pairs. These results suggest the presence of differential mechanisms in presynaptic GABA release and/or postsynaptic GABAA receptor-related assemblies among interneuron subtypes. Age- and interneuron subtype-specific β-adrenergic modulation of IPSCs may contribute to experience-dependent plasticity in the IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Koyanagi
- Department of Pharmacology,
- Department of Anesthesiology, and
| | | | | | - Noriaki Koshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology,
- Division of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo; and
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology,
- Division of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo; and
- Functional Probe Research Laboratory, Molecular Imaging Research Program, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Kobe, Japan
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Al-Khairi I, Baharnoori M, Kamath A, Bhardwaj SK, Srivastava LK. Altered expression and alpha-1 adrenergic receptor mediated activity of protein kinase C in the prefrontal cortex of rats with neonatal ventral hippocampus lesions. Synapse 2009; 63:1051-9. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.20691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kobayashi M, Kojima M, Koyanagi Y, Adachi K, Imamura K, Koshikawa N. Presynaptic and postsynaptic modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission by activation of alpha(1)- and beta-adrenoceptors in layer V pyramidal neurons of rat cerebral cortex. Synapse 2009; 63:269-81. [PMID: 19116948 DOI: 10.1002/syn.20604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adrenergic agonists have different modulatory effects on excitatory synaptic transmission depending on the receptor subtypes involved. The present study examined the loci of alpha(1)- and beta-adrenoceptor agonists, which have opposite effects on excitatory neural transmission, involved in modulation of glutamatergic transmission in layer V pyramidal cells of rat cerebral cortex. Phenylephrine, an alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist, suppressed the amplitude of AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents evoked by repetitive electrical stimulation (eEPSCs, 10 pulses at 33 Hz). The coefficient of variation (CV) of the 1st eEPSC amplitude and paired-pulse ratio (PPR), which were sensitive to extracellular Ca(2+) concentration, were not affected by phenylephrine. Phenylephrine suppressed miniature EPSC (mEPSC) amplitude without changing its frequency. In contrast, isoproterenol, a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, strongly increased the amplitude of the 1st eEPSC compared with that of the 2nd to 10th eEPSCs, which resulted in a decrease in PPR. Isoproterenol-induced enhancement of eEPSC amplitude was accompanied by a decrease in CV. Isoproterenol increased the frequency of mEPSCs without significant effect on amplitude. Phenylephrine suppressed inward currents evoked by puff application of glutamate, AMPA, or NMDA, whereas isoproterenol application was not accompanied by significant changes in these inward currents. These findings suggest that phenylephrine decreases eEPSCs through postsynaptic AMPA or NMDA receptors, while the effects of isoproterenol are mediated by facilitation of glutamate release from presynaptic terminals without effect on postsynaptic glutamate receptors. These two different mechanisms of modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission may improve the "signal-to-noise ratio" in cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
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