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Antioxidant Activity of Natural Hydroquinones. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020343. [PMID: 35204225 PMCID: PMC8868229 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites derived from hydroquinone are quite rare in nature despite the original simplicity of its structure, especially when compared to other derivatives with which it shares biosynthetic pathways. However, its presence in a prenylated form is somewhat relevant, especially in the marine environment, where it is found in different algae and invertebrates. Sometimes, more complex molecules have also been identified, as in the case of polycyclic diterpenes, such as those possessing an abietane skeleton. In every case, the presence of the dihydroxy group in the para position gives them antioxidant capacity, through its transformation into para-quinones.This review focuses on natural hydroquinones with antioxidant properties referenced in the last fifteen years. This activity, which has been generally demonstrated in vitro, should lead to relevant pharmacological properties, through its interaction with enzymes, transcription factors and other proteins, which may be particularly relevant for the prevention of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, or also in cancer and metabolic or immune diseases. As a conclusion, this review has updated the pharmacological potential of hydroquinone derivatives, despite the fact that only a small number of molecules are known as active principles in established medicinal plants. The highlights of the present review are as follows: (a) sesquiterpenoid zonarol and analogs, whose activity is based on the stimulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway, have a neuroprotective effect; (b) the research on pestalotioquinol and analogs (aromatic ene-ynes) in the pharmacology of atherosclerosis is of great value, due to their agonistic interaction with LXRα; and (c) prenylhydroquinones with a selective effect on tyrosine nitration or protein carbonylation may be of interest in the control of post-translational protein modifications, which usually appear in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Zhang S, Li L, Hu J, Ma P, Zhu H. Polysaccharide of Taxus chinensis var. mairei Cheng et L.K.Fu attenuates neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction in mice with Alzheimer's disease. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:959-968. [PMID: 32970507 PMCID: PMC7534342 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1817102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polysaccharide of Taxus chinensis var. mairei Cheng et L.K.Fu (Taxaceae) (PTM) functions in anti-apoptosis and antioxidation, but its function on Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of PTM on AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, d-galactose (d-gal), and d-gal + PTM. AD-like symptom was induced by d-gal for 6 weeks, followed with PTM (0.4 g/kg/d) for 14 days. PTM was added to BV2 cells stimulated with d-gal (1, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 μg/mL). Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. The expression of NRF2, SOD, cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected with Western blot analysis. Cognitive function was evaluated by Morris water maze test. RESULTS Decreased cleaved caspase-3 (1.30 ± 0.09) and Bax/Bcl2 ratio (1.32 ± 0.11) were observed in BV2 cells induced by d-gal + PTM (50 μg/mL). Increased MDA and ROS and decreased SOD were observed in d-gal group. However, decreased MDA (175 ± 9 ng/mL) and ROS level (188 ± 38 ng/mL) were observed after treated with PTM group (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression of NRF2 decreased in d-gal group (0.75 ± 0.09) but increased after treated with PTM (p < 0.05). Furthermore, decreased Aβ1-42 was observed and the cognitive function was improved after PTM intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report that PTM inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis in AD. The result will further accelerate the applications of Taxus chinensis var. mairei and the treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of TCM, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinting Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, China
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Two resveratrol analogs, pinosylvin and 4,4′-dihydroxystilbene, improve oligoasthenospermia in a mouse model by attenuating oxidative stress via the Nrf2-ARE pathway. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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In Search of Panacea-Review of Recent Studies Concerning Nature-Derived Anticancer Agents. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061426. [PMID: 31242602 PMCID: PMC6627480 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are one of the leading causes of deaths affecting millions of people around the world, therefore they are currently a major public health problem. The treatment of cancer is based on surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy, much of which is often insufficient and cause serious, burdensome and undesirable side effects. For many years, assorted secondary metabolites derived from plants have been used as antitumor agents. Recently, researchers have discovered a large number of new natural substances which can effectively interfere with cancer cells’ metabolism. The most famous groups of these compounds are topoisomerase and mitotic inhibitors. The aim of the latest research is to characterize natural compounds found in many common foods, especially by means of their abilities to regulate cell cycle, growth and differentiation, as well as epigenetic modulation. In this paper, we focus on a review of recent discoveries regarding nature-derived anticancer agents.
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Ye F, Wu Y, Chen Y, Xiao D, Shi L. Impact of moderate- and high-intensity exercise on the endothelial ultrastructure and function in mesenteric arteries from hypertensive rats. Life Sci 2019; 222:36-45. [PMID: 30825543 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) influences vascular function and structure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). It is also responsible for the decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability that influences endothelial vasodilation. The effects of high-intensity exercise on endothelial function and ultrastructure in hypertension remain unknown. Thus, this study investigated the effects of moderate- and high-intensity exercise on hypertension-associated endothelial dysfunction and ultrastructural remodeling. Moderate-intensity (SHR-M) and high-intensity (SHRH) aerobic exercise training groups were compared in age-matched sedentary SHRs (SHRC) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY-C). The results showed that the endothelial ultrastructure was impaired in the SHR-H and SHR-C groups. Glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly increased in the SHR-M group compared to the SHR-C group. MDA content was higher in the SHR-H group than in the SHR-C group, but the levels of antioxidant enzymes did not increase accordingly. Apocynin scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) ameliorated endothelium-dependent vasodilator function in the SHR-H group. However, the SHR-M and WKY-C groups abolished the increased vasodilation induced by apocynin. L-NAME, a NO synthase inhibitor, was applied to isolated mesenteric arteries (MAs) to evaluate NO contribution. Moderate-intensity exercise reversed the decreased NO contribution to MAs in hypertension, and high-intensity exercise aggravated this change. These data suggest that moderate-intensity exercise ameliorated adverse remodeling of the endothelial ultrastructure and function in hypertension by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing NO contribution. However, high-intensity exercise exacerbated all of these changes by increasing OS and ROS contribution, and decreasing NO contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Liu Y, Gao Y, Yang J, Shi C, Wang Y, Xu Y. Nrf2/ARE pathway inhibits inflammatory infiltration by macrophage in rats with autoimmune myositis. Mol Immunol 2019; 105:165-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sawikr Y, Yarla NS, Peluso I, Kamal MA, Aliev G, Bishayee A. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017; 108:33-57. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nisigaki E, Sugamoto K, Nishida M, Matsushita YI. Semisynthesis of (−)-Barbatusol, (+)-Demethylsalvicanol, and (+)-Rosmaridiphenol from (+)-Pisiferic Acid. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kankeaw U, Masong E. The Antioxidant Activity from Hydroquinone Derivatives by the Synthesis of Cinnamomium Verum J.Presl Bark’s Extracted. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.7763/ijcea.2015.v6.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Neuroprotective Effect of N-Acyl 5-Hydroxytryptamines on Glutamate-Induced Cytotoxicity in HT-22 Cells. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:2440-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Scotti L, Ishiki H, Junior FJM, Santos PF, Tavares JF, Silva MS, Scotti MT. Theoretical Research into Anticancer Activity of Diterpenes Isolated from the Paraiban Flora. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies of the scientific literature discuss the anticancer activity of diterpenes inhibiting the Akt/IKK/NF-κB pro-survival signaling cascade, mainly by the activation of serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A. The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the anticancer potential of three atisane, three kaurane and three trachylobane diterpenes extracted from the roots of Xylopia langsdorffiana. Thus, we investigated the reactivity (H-LGAP parameter), HOMO atmosphere favorable to neutralize the radical reactivity, and the docking of compounds with PP2A. With all approaches, this theoretical study showed that atisane diterpenes have favorable characteristics for antitumor activity, like electron donating ability and greater hydrophilic interactions with the enzyme, by inhibition of Akt/IKK/NF-κB, and activation of PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Scotti
- Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Ishiki
- Federal University of Paraíba, Campus IV, 58297-000, Rio Tinto-PB, Brazil
| | | | - Paula F. Santos
- Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcus T. Scotti
- State University of Paraiba, Biological Science Department, Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, 58070-450, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Scotti L, Scotti MT, Ishiki H, Junior FJBM, dos Santos PF, Tavares JF, da Silva MS. Prediction of Anticancer Activity of Diterpenes Isolated from the Paraiban Flora through a PLS Model and Molecular Surfaces. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to predict the anticancer potential of 3 atisane, and 3 trachylobane diterpene compounds extracted from the roots of Xylopia langsdorffiana. The prediction of anticancer activity as expressed against PC-3 tumor cells was made using a PLS model built with 26 diterpenes in the training set. Significant statistical measures were obtained. The six investigated diterpenes were applied to the model and their activities against PC-3 cells were calculated. All the diterpenes were active, with atisane diterpenes showing the higher pIC50 values. In human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells, the apoptosis mechanism is related to an inhibition of IKK/NF-κB. Antioxidant potential implies a greater electronic molecular atmosphere (increased donor electron capacity), which can reduce radical reactivity, and facilitate post donation charge accommodation. Molecular surfaces indicated a much greater electronic cloud over atisane diterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Scotti
- Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, Joíão Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus T. Scotti
- Federal University of Paraíba, Campus IV, 58297-000, Rio Tinto-PB, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Ishiki
- University of Western Sao Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, SP - Brazil
| | - Francisco J. B. M. Junior
- State University of Paraiba, Biological Science Department, Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, 58070-450, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Josean F Tavares
- Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, Joíão Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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