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Chen K, Wei X, Zhang W, Wang R, Wang Y, Yang L. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 derived from the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with postherpetic neuralgia induces allodynia via the crosstalk between microglia and astrocyte. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:836-850. [PMID: 38735405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) possesses the capability to trigger glial activation and inflammation, yet the specific changes in its composition remain unclear. Recent findings from our research indicate elevations of central bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) during neuropathic pain (NP), serving as an independent modulator of glial cells. Herein, the aim of the present study is to test the CSF-BMP4 expressions and its role in the glial modulation in the process of PHN. METHODS CSF samples were collected from both PHN patients and non-painful individuals (Control) to assess BMP4 and its antagonist Noggin levels. Besides, intrathecal administration of both CSF types was conducted in normal rats to evaluate the impact on pain behavior, glial activity, and inflammation.; Additionally, both Noggin and STAT3 antagonist-Stattic were employed to treat the PHN-CSF or exogenous BMP4 challenged cultured astrocytes to explore downstream signals. Finally, microglial depletion was performed prior to the PHN-CSF intervention so as to elucidate the microglia-astrocyte crosstalk. RESULTS BMP4 levels were significantly higher in PHN-CSF compared to Control-CSF (P < 0.001), with a positive correlation with pain duration (P < 0.05, r = 0.502). Comparing with the Control-CSF producing moderate paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) decline and microglial activation, PHN-CSF further exacerbated allodynia and triggered both microglial and astrocytic activation (P < 0.05). Moreover, PHN-CSF rather than Control-CSF evoked microglial proliferation and pro-inflammatory transformation, reinforced iron storage, and activated astrocytes possibly through both SMAD159 and STAT3 signaling, which were all mitigated by the Noggin application (P < 0.05). Next, both Noggin and Stattic effectively attenuated BMP4-induced GFAP and IL-6 upregulation, as well as SMAD159 and STAT3 phosphorylation in the cultured astrocytes (P < 0.05). Finally, microglial depletion diminished PHN-CSF induced astrogliosis, inflammation and endogenous BMP4 expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study highlights the role of CSF-BMP4 elevation in glial activation and allodynia during PHN, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Pain Management, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Province Center for Clinical Anesthesia and Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaojin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Pain Management, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Province Center for Clinical Anesthesia and Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of the Laboratory, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Bourns Engineering, The University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Pain Management, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Province Center for Clinical Anesthesia and Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Pain Management, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Province Center for Clinical Anesthesia and Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Li D, Pan S, Jiang W, Gao H. Subcutaneous administration of Stattic alleviates neuropathic pain by relieving inflammation in a mouse model of postherpetic neuralgia. Neurosci Lett 2024; 834:137831. [PMID: 38796093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Stattic, a commercial inhibitor of STAT3, can drive the development of neuropathic pain. Exploring the connection between Stattic and JAK1/STAT3 signaling may facilitate the understanding of neuropathic pain caused by postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). In the current study, as crucial regulators of inflammation, STAT3 and its associated JAK1/STAT3 pathway were found to be upregulated and activated in the L4-L6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of mice in response to resiniferatoxin (RTX)-induced PHN, while subcutaneous administration of Stattic was found to downregulate STAT3 expression and phosphorylation in a PHN model. Stattic administration further attenuated hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli in PHN mice, and alleviated inflammation and cell death in the L4-L6 DRG of mice. Overexpression of STAT3 via microinjection of a lentiviral-STAT3 overexpression vector reversed the abnormal decrease of STAT3 at both the mRNA and protein levels in the L4-6 DRGs of PHN mice and significantly promoted hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli in the mice. Collectively, we found that subcutaneous static administration alleviated RTX-induced neuropathic pain by deactivating JAK1/STAT3 in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Affiliated Huishan Hospital of Xinglin College, Nantong University, Wuxi 214187, China
| | - Shuai Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 200014, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Affiliated Huishan Hospital of Xinglin College, Nantong University, Wuxi 214187, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 200014, China.
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Yue J, Yao M. Humoral Cytokine Levels in Patients with Herpes Zoster: A Meta-Analysis. J Pain Res 2024; 17:887-902. [PMID: 38476878 PMCID: PMC10929134 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s449211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The neurocutaneous disease caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is called herpes zoster (HZ). The virus remains in the spinal cord back root after the chickenpox disappears. Diminished immune function can reactivate VZV, causing severe neuropathic pain that can last for months or even years, leading to postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), which severely affects the patient's quality of life. Much literature compares various cytokine levels in the body fluids HZ and PHN patients; however, no studies comprehensively evaluate them. Methods The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline were screened for studies on cytokine levels in body fluids of HZ and PHN patients in the English language. Healthy individuals were selected as the control group, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the case and control groups was imputed using a fixed-effects or random-effects model and expressed as a 95% confidence interval (CI). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess article quality. Results This meta-analysis included 13 articles with 1373 participants. Compared with the control group, the HZ group had significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, Hcy, and C-reactive protein (CRP), whereas the levels of CD3+ T and CD4+ T lymphocytes were reduced. Additionally, PHN patients had significantly higher levels of IL-6 and IL-1β compared with the control group. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides compelling evidence that CRP, Hcy, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are associated with the genesis and development of HZ and PHN. These markers can be used to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.Furthermore, for making the results more convincing, it is necessary to harmonize sample acquisition techniques and analytical methods and also require larger, more rigorously designed studies with broader subgroups and sex/age-matched controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Yue
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The First Hospital of Jiaxing or the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The First Hospital of Jiaxing or the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Niemeyer CS, Traina-Dorge V, Doyle-Meyers L, Das A, Looper J, Mescher T, Feia B, Medina E, Nagel MA, Mahalingam R, Bubak AN. Simian varicella virus infection and reactivation in rhesus macaques trigger cytokine and Aβ40/42 alterations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurovirol 2024; 30:86-99. [PMID: 38453879 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Simian varicella virus (SVV) produces peripheral inflammatory responses during varicella (primary infection) and zoster (reactivation) in rhesus macaques (RM). However, it is unclear if peripheral measures are accurate proxies for central nervous system (CNS) responses. Thus, we analyzed cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 changes in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the course of infection. During varicella and zoster, every RM had variable changes in serum and CSF cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels compared to pre-inoculation levels. Overall, peripheral infection appears to affect CNS cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels independent of serum responses, suggesting that peripheral disease may contribute to CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy S Niemeyer
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
| | - Vicki Traina-Dorge
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
| | - Lara Doyle-Meyers
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
| | - Arpita Das
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
| | - Jayme Looper
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Teresa Mescher
- Department of Psychiatry Behavioral Health and Wellness Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
| | - Brittany Feia
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
| | - Eva Medina
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
| | - Maria A Nagel
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
| | - Ravi Mahalingam
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew N Bubak
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B182, Aurora, Co, 80045, USA.
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Niemeyer CS, Traina-Dorge V, Doyle-Meyers L, Das A, Looper J, Mescher T, Feia B, Medina E, Nagel MA, Mahalingam R, Bubak AN. Simian Varicella Virus Infection and Reactivation in Rhesus Macaques Trigger Cytokine and Aβ40/42 Alterations in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3367215. [PMID: 37886544 PMCID: PMC10602180 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3367215/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Simian varicella virus (SVV) produces peripheral inflammatory responses during varicella (primary infection) and zoster (reactivation) in rhesus macaques (RM). However, it is unclear if peripheral measures are accurate proxies for central nervous system (CNS) responses. Thus, we analyzed cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 changes in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the course of infection. During varicella and zoster, every RM had variable changes in serum and CSF cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels compared to pre-inoculation levels. Overall, peripheral infection appears to affect CNS cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels independent of serum responses, suggesting that peripheral disease may contribute to CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jayme Looper
- Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Teresa Mescher
- University of Colorado School of Medicine: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine
| | - Brittany Feia
- University of Colorado School of Medicine: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine
| | - Eva Medina
- University of Colorado School of Medicine: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine
| | - Maria A Nagel
- University of Colorado School of Medicine: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine
| | - Ravi Mahalingam
- University of Colorado School of Medicine: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine
| | - Andrew N Bubak
- University of Colorado School of Medicine: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine
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Kreß L, Egenolf N, Sommer C, Üçeyler N. Cytokine expression profiles in white blood cells of patients with small fiber neuropathy. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:1. [PMID: 36604634 PMCID: PMC9817338 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of cytokines in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is incompletely understood. We studied expression profiles of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in RNA from white blood cells (WBC) of patients with a medical history and a clinical phenotype suggestive for SFN and compared data with healthy controls. METHODS We prospectively recruited 52 patients and 21 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Study participants were characterized in detail and underwent complete neurological examination. Venous blood was drawn for routine and extended laboratory tests, and for WBC isolation. Systemic RNA expression profiles of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-2, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF) were analyzed. Protein levels of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF were measured in serum of patients and controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-curve analysis was used to determine the accuracy of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF in differentiating patients and controls. To compare the potential discriminatory efficacy of single versus combined cytokines, equality of different AUCs was tested. RESULTS WBC gene expression of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF was higher in patients compared to healthy controls (IL-2: p = 0.02; IL-8: p = 0.009; TNF: p = 0.03) and discriminated between the groups (area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.68 for each cytokine) with highest diagnostic accuracy reached by combining the three cytokines (AUC = 0.81, sensitivity = 70%, specificity = 86%). Subgroup analysis revealed the following differences: IL-8 and TNF gene expression levels were higher in female patients compared to female controls (IL-8: p = 0.01; TNF: p = 0.03). The combination of TNF with IL-2 and TNF with IL-2 and IL-8 discriminated best between the study groups. IL-2 was higher expressed in patients with moderate pain compared to those with severe pain (p = 0.02). Patients with acral pain showed higher IL-10 gene expression compared to patients with generalized pain (p = 0.004). We further found a negative correlation between the relative gene expression of IL-2 and current pain intensity (p = 0.02). Serum protein levels of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF did not differ between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS We identified higher systemic gene expression of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF in SFN patients than in controls, which may be of potential relevance for diagnostics and patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Kreß
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Egenolf
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Sommer
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nurcan Üçeyler
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Liu YC, Hsiao HT, Wang JCF, Wen TC, Chen SL. TGF-β1 in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid can be used as a biological indicator of chronic pain in patients with osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262074. [PMID: 35061744 PMCID: PMC8782532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have demonstrated that cytokines, transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can impact the intensity of pain in rodents. However, the roles of cytokines, TGF-β1 and BDNF in humans with chronic pain in osteoarthritis remains unclear, and no comparison between plasma and central cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) has been conducted. Methods Patients with osteoarthritis who were scheduled to receive spinal anesthesia were enrolled. The intensity of pain was evaluated with a visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, patients with genitourinary system (GU) diseases and without obvious pain (VAS 0–1) were included as a comparison (control) group. The levels of TGF-β1, BDNF, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-8 within the CSF and plasma were collected and evaluated before surgery. Results The plasma and CSF TGF-β1 levels were significantly lower in the osteoarthritis patients with pain (VAS ≥ 3) than in the GU control patients. Downregulation of plasma BDNF was also found in osteoarthritis patients with pain. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the VAS pain scores were significantly negatively correlated with the levels of TGF-β1 in the CSF of patients with osteoarthritis. However, there was no significant correlations between the pain scores and the levels of BDNF, TNF-α, and IL-8 in either the CSF or plasma. Conclusions TGF-β1 but not BDNF, TNF-α, or IL-8 may be an important biological indicator in the CSF of osteoarthritis patients with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (NCKU), College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tsung Hsiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (NCKU), College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey Chi-Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (NCKU), College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Wen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Lan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine & M.Sc. Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, KMU Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Wang Z, Shen W, Zhu M, Xu M, Qiu M, Zhang D, Chen S. MiR-199-3p Suppressed Inflammatory Response by Targeting MECP2 to Alleviate TRX-Induced PHN in Mice. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221108192. [PMID: 35838296 PMCID: PMC9290148 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221108192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicella zoster virus–induced postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) can be alleviated by limited medications with serious side effects. This study aims to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-199-3p in mediating PHN in mice. 293T cells were transfected with miR-199-3p vectors (mimic/inhibitor). The target relationship between miR-199-3p and MECP2 was confirmed using luciferase reporter assay. PHN mouse model was established by TRX injection. Animal behaviors were evaluated using Hargreaves test and Von Frey test. Western blot was used for protein analysis, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed for messenger RNA quantification. Serum levels of inflammatory mediators were determined using ELISA. Paw withdrawal latency (PWL) and mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) were decreased in resiniferatoxin-induced PHN mice. Downregulated miR-199-3p and upregulated MECP2 were found in PHN mice. Upregulated miR-199-3p increased PWL and MWT, but inhibited MECP2 in PHN mice. Besides, increased miR-199-3p suppressed proinflammatory indicators and activated anti-inflammatory mediators. It also found that MECP2 was the target of miR-199-3p. Further study showed miR-199-3p enhanced PWL and MWT, and supported inflammatory response via targeting MECP2. miR-199-3p regulated inflammation by targeting MECP2 to alleviate TRX-induced PHN in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Wang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengye Zhu
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mu Xu
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mizhen Qiu
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Daying Zhang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shibiao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Ji C, Wang M, Fan X. Water Extract of Gallnut Reduces the Injury of Alveolar Epithelial Cells Induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae by Up-Regulating miRNA-338-3p. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is the primary pathogen causing pneumonia, in addition to lobar pneumonia, meningitis, bronchitis, and other diseases. Inhibiting the apoptosis and inflammation of alveolar epithelial cells is essential for the treatment of pneumonia caused
by S. pneumoniae. Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of multiple components, multiple targets, and few adverse reactions. It is recognized by doctors and patients in the treatment of pneumonia and other diseases. We conducted this study to explore the effect of the
water extract of gallnut on alveolar epithelial cells affected by S. pneumoniae. Studies have found that the water extract of gallnut can increase the optical density value, Bcl-2 protein expression, IL-10 content, and miRNA-338-3p levels of alveolar epithelial cells affected by S.
pneumoniae. Additionally, it can reduce the rate of cell apoptosis, Bax protein expression, and IL-6 content. Further, its effect is dose-dependent: the higher the concentration of gallnut water extract, the more evident its effect on alveolar epithelial cells. Through nano PCR detection,
it was found that overexpression of miRNA-338-3p can increase the activity of alveolar epithelial cells affected by S. pneumoniae and promote cell growth. Knockdown of miRNA-338-3p reduced the impact of the water extract of gallnut on the growth of alveolar epithelial cells and the
expression of inflammatory factors affected by S. pneumoniae. Therefore, our findings suggest that the water extract of gallnut could inhibit the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells affected by S. pneumoniae by up-regulating the expression of miRNA-338-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ji
- Department of Pulmonology, Jining Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jining, 272000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Jining City, Jining, 272000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaocheng Fan
- Department of Oncology, Jining Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jining, 272000, Shandong, PR China
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Ghasemi M, Alizadeh E, Motlagh BF, Zarghami N. The effect of exogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor on cell cycle and neural differentiation markers of in vitro model cells: New insights for future therapeutic approaches. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:636-645. [PMID: 33890305 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is known as childhood rare malignancy of the retina. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) was previously found to reduce degeneration and promote retina survival. This work investigated the effects of CNTF supplementation on in-vitro model cells including retinoblastoma (Y79) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) viability, proliferation, gene expression and cell cycle. A drop of viability was detected in Y79 treated with CNTF in a dose-dependent manner (P < .05). However, the proliferation of AMSCs was increased at lower concentrations of CNTF (5 ng/mL), but declined in higher doses (50 and 100 ng/mL). The BrdU assay confirmed the MTT assay results. Cell cycle was arrested in both Y79 and AMSCs in the G0/G1 phase by CNTF treatment. A considerable down-regulation of Bcl2, CycD1 and N-Myc genes expression (P < .05) inversely, P15 and P21 genes up-regulation in treated Y79 cells was observed. Besides, stemness genes' transcription was reduced in AMSCs (P < .05), and levels of neuronal-specific markers such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) were increased (P < .05). The findings of this study suggest a promising potential of CNTF in terms of arresting Y79 retinoblastoma cells, and differentiation-inducing to AMSCs, which could be valuable for managing future innovative treatments targeting retinoblastoma. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: We demonstrate that CNTF has the potential to reduce proliferation of Y79 cells and induce the cell cycle arrest of them. Also, down-regulation of oncogenes (such as N-Myc) while up-regulation of tumour suppressor genes (such as P21) was detected by exposure of Y79 cells to CNTF. Furthermore, we observed the cell cycle arrest, reduction of stemness gene and up-regulation of neural differentiation markers in AMSCs treated with CNTF. These results support the probable promising effects of CNTF for controlling retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasemi
- Stem Cell Research Center (SRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center (SRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Fallahi Motlagh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nikokar Eye Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Stem Cell Research Center (SRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Lind AL, Just D, Mikus M, Fredolini C, Ioannou M, Gerdle B, Ghafouri B, Bäckryd E, Tanum L, Gordh T, Månberg A. CSF levels of apolipoprotein C1 and autotaxin found to associate with neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia. J Pain Res 2019; 12:2875-2889. [PMID: 31686904 PMCID: PMC6800548 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s215348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia are two common and poorly understood chronic pain conditions that lack satisfactory treatments, cause substantial suffering and societal costs. Today, there are no biological markers on which to base chronic pain diagnoses, treatment choices or to understand the pathophysiology of pain for the individual patient. This study aimed to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein profiles potentially associated with fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain. Methods CSF samples were collected from 25 patients with neuropathic pain (two independent sets, n=14 patients for discovery, and n=11 for verification), 40 patients with fibromyalgia and 134 controls without neurological disease from two different populations. CSF protein profiling of 55 proteins was performed using antibody suspension bead array technology. Results We found increased levels of apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) in CSF of neuropathic pain patients compared to controls and there was a trend for increased levels also in fibromyalgia patients. In addition, levels of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase family member 2 (ENPP2, also referred to as autotaxin) were increased in the CSF of fibromyalgia patients compared to all other groups including patients with neuropathic pain. Conclusion The increased levels of APOC1 and ENPP2 found in neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia patients may shed light on the underlying mechanisms of these conditions. Further investigation is required to elucidate their role in maintaining pain and other main symptoms of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Li Lind
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Just
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Deptartment of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Mikus
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Deptartment of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Fredolini
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Deptartment of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina Ioannou
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Deptartment of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Gerdle
- Pain and Rehabilitation Center, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bijar Ghafouri
- Pain and Rehabilitation Center, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emmanuel Bäckryd
- Pain and Rehabilitation Center, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars Tanum
- Department of R&D in Mental Health, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Torsten Gordh
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Månberg
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Deptartment of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Ding Y, Yao P, Li H, Han Z, Wang S, Hong T, Zhao G. CT-Guided Stellate Ganglion Pulsed Radiofrequency Stimulation for Facial and Upper Limb Postherpetic Neuralgia. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:170. [PMID: 30906243 PMCID: PMC6418026 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of herpes zoster, manifesting as a persistent, spontaneous, knife-like pain or paroxysmal burning that seriously affects a patient’s quality of life. An effective treatment of PHN is lacking. This retrospective study examined the efficacy and safety of stellate ganglion (SG) pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on facial and upper limb PHN. Methods: Eighty-four patients with PHN on the face or upper limbs were enrolled for the study. Patients were randomly divided into two surgical groups according to the order of enrollment; one group underwent SG block (SG-B group, n = 42) and the other underwent SG pulsed radiofrequency (SG-P group, n = 42). After surgery, patients were followed at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Observation at each follow-up included basic patient characteristics, visual analog scale (VAS), quality of life (QOL) using Physical Component Summary (PCS), and Mental Component Summary (MCS) to assess, total effective rate, complications and side effects. Results: Compared with preoperative values, VAS decreased in both groups after surgery (P < 0.05). In the SG-B group, VAS increased after 1 month, while in the SG-P group, VAS gradually decreased at later follow-up time points. VAS decreased more significantly in the SG-P group after 1 month (P < 0.05). PCS and MCS increased in both groups after the operation, and the difference was significant compared with preoperative values (P < 0.05). The total effective rates of the SG-B and SG-P groups were 64.3 and 83.3%, respectively. The total effective rate of the SG-P group was higher than that of the SG-B group (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications and side effects in the SG-B group was higher than that in the SG-P group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: SG pulsed radiofrequency treatment of facial and upper limb PHN is safe and effective. It is a treatment method worth promoting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ding
- Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongxi Li
- Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenkai Han
- Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shimeng Wang
- Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangyi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Liu MX, Zhong J, Xia L, Dou NN, Li ST. A correlative analysis between inflammatory cytokines and trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm. Neurol Res 2019; 41:335-340. [PMID: 30612530 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1564188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is necessary to understand the mechanism of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) in order to seek for an effective noninvasive remedy. As previous studies implied that inflammatory cytokines induced by demyelination following the nerve injury may be the initiated factor causing neuropathic pain, we attempt to analyze the correlation between cytokines and these hyperactive cranial nerve disorders. METHOD The consecutive patients whose diagnosis were confirmed by microvascular decompression surgery as primary TN or HFS caused by vascular compression and healthy volunteers between March and May 2018 in XinHua Hospital Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine were recruited. Preoperatively, venous blood was collected and the protein concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ were determined with ELISA. Each cytokine was compared between the patients and healthy volunteers. RESULTS Ultimately, 28 healthy volunteers as well as 44 TN and 47 HFS patients were enrolled in this investigation. The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in either HFS or TN patients were significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers (p < 0.05), yet which were similar between TN and HFS patients (p > 0.05). Besides, there was a significantly correlation between IL-6 concentration and severity of HFS (r = 0.933, p < 0.05) or TN (r = 0.943, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Vascular compression of trigeminal or facial nerve roots may induce a rise in variety of cytokines, and IL-6 may play an important role in the signaling pathways to generate ectopic impulses from these cranial nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xing Liu
- a Department of Neurosurgery , XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jun Zhong
- a Department of Neurosurgery , XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Lei Xia
- a Department of Neurosurgery , XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Ning-Ning Dou
- a Department of Neurosurgery , XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Shi-Ting Li
- a Department of Neurosurgery , XinHua Hospital (The Cranial Nerve Disease Center of Shanghai), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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14
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Han D. Association of Serum Levels of Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide and Cytokines during Migraine Attacks. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2019; 22:277-281. [PMID: 31359937 PMCID: PMC6613407 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_371_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During a migraine attack, trigeminal activation results in the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which stimulates the release of inflammatory cytokines playing an important role in migraine. Objective: We analyze the relation between CGRP and cytokines during attacks to explore the possible mechanism of migraine. Materials and Methods: Migraine patients and healthy control were recruited at the Department of Neurology, the Sixth People's Hospital of Fuyang City, between March 2018 and July 2018. The protein levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and CGRP were determined from the sera of patients with migraine and control subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was also determined to calculate the correlation between CGRP and inflammatory factors levels. Results: The level of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CGRP in migraine group were significantly higher than normal group (P < 0.05). The level of CGRP was significantly correlated with IL-1 β (r = 0.30, P < 0.05) and IL-6 (r = 0.94, P < 0.05), but not significantly correlated with IL-2 (r =−0.047, P = 0.75), IL-10 (r = 0.12, P = 0.43), and TNF-α (r = 0.05, P = 0.72). Conclusions: In our study, we found migraine patients had a higher IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF level than healthy controls and the level of CGRP was related significantly with the level of IL-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, our results suggest that IL-1β and IL-6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of migraine attacks and CGRP related with the secretion of cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Han
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
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15
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Li D, Sun G, Sun H, Wang Y, Wang Z, Yang J. Combined therapy of pulsed radiofrequency and nerve block in postherpetic neuralgia patients: a randomized clinical trial. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4852. [PMID: 29888123 PMCID: PMC5991296 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Caused by viral infection, postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common chronic neuropathic pain. Various treatment modalities such as early use of nerve block therapy (NBT) and pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) have been studied in reducing pain, however, no consistent success was achieved in all the patients treated with single regimen. The combined therapy of PRF and NBT with different targeting mechanism are of interest and remains to be determined. Here we investigated the combined effects of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) with nerve block therapy (NBT) in PHN patients in a prospective randomized clinical trial. Sixty PHN patients were divided into four groups (n = 15 each): the conventional puncture group (group CP), the nerve block therapy group (group NB), the PRF group (group PRF), and the combined treatment group (PRF combined with nerve block therapy (group CT). To evaluate the extent of remission of hyperalgesia, we recorded the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores during cotton swab reaction before and after treatment and in the resting and active pain states. In addition, blood samples were collected and plasma cytokine and neuropeptides such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), substance P (SP), and β-endorphin (β-EP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at the admission (basic state), before the operation, and at 12 h postoperatively. The number of adverse events (nausea, vomiting, constipation, puncture point hemorrhage, swelling and redness) within 12 h of the treatment were also documented. Our results showed that VAS scores during cotton swab reaction decreased after treatment in all patients (p < 0.05). Compared to group CP, plasma IL-6 and SP levels decreased (p < 0.05) and β-EP levels increased (p < 0.05) in groups NB, PRF, and CT. There were no significant differences in adverse events among groups (p > 0.05). We found that PRF in combination with NBT increased β-EP levels and decreased plasma IL-6 and SP, thereby alleviating pain and hyperalgesia in PHN patients. Taken together, our data suggest combined therapy of PRF and NBT is effective and safe for PHN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Hanzhe Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanjuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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