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Nicolas J, Carrier J, Swinnen SP, Doyon J, Albouy G, King BR. Targeted memory reactivation during post-learning sleep does not enhance motor memory consolidation in older adults. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14027. [PMID: 37794602 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) during sleep enhances memory consolidation in young adults by modulating electrophysiological markers of neuroplasticity. Interestingly, older adults exhibit deficits in motor memory consolidation, an impairment that has been linked to age-related degradations in the same sleep features sensitive to TMR. We hypothesised that TMR would enhance consolidation in older adults via the modulation of these markers. A total of 17 older participants were trained on a motor task involving two auditory-cued sequences. During a post-learning nap, two auditory cues were played: one associated to a learned (i.e., reactivated) sequence and one control. Performance during two delayed re-tests did not differ between reactivated and non-reactivated sequences. Moreover, both associated and control sounds modulated brain responses, yet there were no consistent differences between the auditory cue types. Our results collectively demonstrate that older adults do not benefit from specific reactivation of a motor memory trace by an associated auditory cue during post-learning sleep. Based on previous research, it is possible that auditory stimulation during post-learning sleep could have boosted motor memory consolidation in a non-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Nicolas
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Carrier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'Ile de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julien Doyon
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake, Utah, USA
| | - Bradley R King
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake, Utah, USA
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Antony JW, Schechtman E. Reap while you sleep: Consolidation of memories differs by how they were sown. Hippocampus 2023; 33:922-935. [PMID: 36973868 PMCID: PMC10429120 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Newly formed memories are spontaneously reactivated during sleep, leading to their strengthening. This reactivation process can be manipulated by reinstating learning-related stimuli during sleep, a technique termed targeted memory reactivation. Numerous studies have found that delivering cues during sleep improves memory for simple associations, in which one cue reactivates one tested memory. However, real-life memories often live in rich, complex networks of associations. In this review, we will examine recent forays into investigating how targeted sleep reactivation affects memories within complex paradigms, in which one cue can reactivate multiple tested memories. A common theme across studies is that reactivation consequences do not merely depend on whether memories reside in complex arrangements, but on how memories interact with one another during acquisition. We therefore emphasize how intricate study design details that alter the nature of learning and/or participant intentions impact the outcomes of sleep reactivation. In some cases, complex networks of memories interact harmoniously to bring about mutual memory benefits; in other cases, memories interact antagonistically and produce selective impairments in retrieval. Ultimately, although this burgeoning area of research has yet to be systematically explored, results suggest that the fate of reactivated stimuli within complex arrangements depends on how they were learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Antony
- Department of Psychology and Child Development, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
| | - Eitan Schechtman
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, the importance of sleep has become increasingly recognized for many physiologic functions, including cognition. Many studies have reported the deleterious effect of sleep loss or sleep disruption on cognitive performance. Beyond ensuring adequate sleep quality and duration, discovering methods to enhance sleep to augment its restorative effects is important to improve learning in many populations, such as the military, students, age-related cognitive decline, and cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roneil G Malkani
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 710 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 525, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 710 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 520, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Fernández RS, Picco S, Beron JC, Bavassi L, Campos J, Allegri RF, Pedreira ME. Improvement of episodic memory retention by a memory reactivation intervention across the lifespan: from younger adults to amnesic patients. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:144. [PMID: 35383151 PMCID: PMC8983690 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01915-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous reactivation of recently acquired memories is a fundamental mechanism of memory stabilization. Re-exposure to specific learned cues during sleep or awake states, namely targeted memory reactivation, has been shown to improve memory retention at long delays. Manipulation of memory reactivation could have potential clinical value in populations with memory deficits or cognitive decline. However, no previous study investigated a target memory reactivation approach on those populations. Here we tested the hypothesis that a reactivation-based intervention would improve episodic memory performance in healthy adults and amnestic patients. On Day 1, young adults, old adults and amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment patients (n = 150) learned face-name pairs and 24 h later either received a reactivation intervention or a reactivation control (Day 2). On Day 3, associative and item memory were assessed. A robust Bayesian Generalized Mixed Model was implemented to estimate intervention effects on groups. Groups that underwent the reactivation-based intervention showed improved associative memory retention. Notably, amnestic patients benefited more from the intervention as they also had better item memory retention than controls. These findings support memory reactivation as stabilization and strengthening mechanism irrespectively of age and cognitive status, and provides proof-of-concept evidence that reactivation-based interventions could be implemented in the treatment and rehabilitation of populations with memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo S. Fernández
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE - CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad Picco
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE - CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Cruz Beron
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE - CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luz Bavassi
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE - CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Campos
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo F. Allegri
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María E. Pedreira
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE - CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Picard-Deland C, Aumont T, Samson-Richer A, Paquette T, Nielsen T. Whole-body procedural learning benefits from targeted memory reactivation in REM sleep and task-related dreaming. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 183:107460. [PMID: 34015442 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sleep facilitates memory consolidation through offline reactivations of memory traces. Dreaming may play a role in memory improvement and may reflect these memory reactivations. To experimentally address this question, we used targeted memory reactivation (TMR), i.e., application, during sleep, of a stimulus that was previously associated with learning, to assess whether it influences task-related dream imagery (or task-dream reactivations). Specifically, we asked if TMR or task-dream reactivations in either slow-wave (SWS) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep benefit whole-body procedural learning. Healthy participants completed a virtual reality (VR) flying task prior to and following a morning nap or rest period during which task-associated tones were readministered in either SWS, REM sleep, wake or not at all. Findings indicate that learning benefits most from TMR when applied in REM sleep compared to a Control-sleep group. REM dreams that reactivated kinesthetic elements of the VR task (e.g., flying, accelerating) were also associated with higher improvement on the task than were dreams that reactivated visual elements (e.g., landscapes) or that had no reactivations. TMR did not itself influence dream content but its effects on performance were greater when coexisting with task-dream reactivations in REM sleep. Findings may help explain the mechanistic relationships between dream and memory reactivations and may contribute to the development of sleep-based methods to optimize complex skill learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Picard-Deland
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory, Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM - Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tomy Aumont
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory, Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM - Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Samson-Richer
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory, Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM - Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tyna Paquette
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory, Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM - Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tore Nielsen
- Dream & Nightmare Laboratory, Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM - Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Johnson BP, Cohen LG, Westlake KP. The Intersection of Offline Learning and Rehabilitation. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:667574. [PMID: 33967725 PMCID: PMC8098688 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.667574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Johnson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Leonardo G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kelly P Westlake
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
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