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Gomes DS, Miranda FR, Fernandes KM, Farder-Gomes CF, Bastos DSS, Bernardes RC, Serrão JE. Acute exposure to fungicide fluazinam induces cell death in the midgut, oxidative stress and alters behavior of the stingless bee Partamona helleri (Hymenoptera: Apidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116677. [PMID: 38971098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) are pollinators of both cultivated and wild crop plants in the Neotropical region. However, they are susceptible to pesticide exposure during foraging activities. The fungicide fluazinam is commonly applied in bean and sunflower cultivation during the flowering period, posing a potential risk to the stingless bee Partamona helleri, which serves as a pollinator for these crops. In this study, we investigated the impact of acute oral exposure (24 h) fluazinam on the survival, morphology and cell death signaling pathways in the midgut, oxidative stress and behavior of P. helleri worker bees. Worker bees were exposed for 24 h to fluazinam (field concentrations 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg a.i. mL-1), diluted in 50 % honey aqueous solution. After oral exposure, fluazinam did not harm the survival of worker bees. However, sublethal effects were revealed using the highest concentration of fluazinam (2.5 mg a.i. mL-1), particularly a reduction in food consumption, damage in the midgut epithelium, characterized by degeneration of the brush border, an increase in the number and size of cytoplasm vacuoles, condensation of nuclear chromatin, and an increase in the release of cell fragments into the gut lumen. Bees exposed to fluazinam exhibited an increase in cells undergoing autophagy and apoptosis, indicating cell death in the midgut epithelium. Furthermore, the fungicide induced oxidative stress as evidenced by an increase in total antioxidant and catalase enzyme activities, along with a decrease in glutathione S-transferase activity. And finally, fluazinam altered the walking behavior of bees, which could potentially impede their foraging activities. In conclusion, our findings indicate that fluazinam at field concentrations is not lethal for workers P. helleri. Nevertheless, it has side effects on midgut integrity, oxidative stress and worker bee behavior, pointing to potential risks for this pollinator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Soares Gomes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Franciane Rosa Miranda
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Kenner Morais Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Cliver Fernandes Farder-Gomes
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Araras, Araras, São Paulo 13.600-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel Silva Sena Bastos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
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Souders CL, Wei C, Schmidt JT, Da Fonte DF, Xing L, Trudeau VL, Martyniuk CJ. Mitochondria of teleost radial glia: A novel target of neuroendocrine disruption by environmental chemicals? Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 243:108995. [PMID: 33545344 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.108995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In teleost fish, radial glial cells (RGCs) are progenitor cells for neurons and the major cell type synthesizing neuroestrogens. We hypothesized that chemical exposure impairs mitochondrial bioenergetics of RGCs, which then may lead to downstream consequences for neuroestrogen production. Here we provide proof of concept that mitochondria of RGCs can be perturbed by fungicides. We isolated RGCs from a mixed sex population of goldfish (Carassius auratus) and measured metabolic capacity of primary cells to a model mitotoxin fluazinam, a broad-spectrum fungicide that inhibits mitochondria electron transport chain (or ETC) Complex I. Using immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR, we demonstrate that the goldfish primary cell cultures are highly enriched for glia after multiple passages. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that glia treated with >25 μM fluazinam for 24 and 48-h showed reduced viability. As such, metabolic assays were conducted with non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.25-12.5 μM). Fluazinam did not affect oxygen consumption rates of RGCs at 24 h, but after 48 h, oligomycin induced ATP-linked respiration was decreased by both 6.25 and 12.5 μM fluazinam. Moreover, concentrations as low as 0.25 μM disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential of RGCs, reflecting strong uncoupling effects of the fungicide on mitochondria. Here we provide proof of concept that mitochondrial bioenergetics of teleostean RGCs can be responsive to agrochemicals. Additional studies are required to address low-dose exposures in vivo and to determine if metabolic disruption impairs neuroendocrine functions of RGCs. We propose this mechanism constitutes a novel aspect of neuroendocrine disruption, significant because dysregulation of neuron-glia communication is expected to contribute to neuroendocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Chi Wei
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jordan T Schmidt
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Dillon F Da Fonte
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Guo Y, Shi S, Fan C, Jin D. Fluorescent determination of fluazinam with polyethyleneimine-capped copper nanoclusters. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wang X, Hou J, Lan S, Shen C, Huo D, Ji Z, Ma Y, Luo H, Zhang S, He Q, Hou C. MoS 2 QDs-Based sensor for measurement of fluazinam with triple signal output. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1108:152-159. [PMID: 32222236 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, direct detection of fluazinam was realized using a fluorescent sensor using disulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) via inner filter effect (IFE). The maximum excitation of as-prepared MoS2 QDs presented a complementary spectral-overlap with the maximum absorption of fluazinam. Thus the occurrence of inner filter effect led to the significant fluorescence quenching of MoS2 QDs. Additionally, fluorescent quenching efficiency of MoS2 QDs could be enhanced by the effects of π-π stacking, hydrogen bond and electrostatic interaction between fluazinam and MoS2 QDs, and these non-chemical bond responses also promoted the selectivity for fluazinam detection. Under the optimum conditions, the IFE-based fluorescent sensor exhibited a relative wide linear range from 50 nM to 25 μM with the LOD of 2.53 nM (S/N = 3). In addition, a paper-based sensor was established by cross-linking the MoS2 QDs into cellulose membrane for naked-eyed detection and digital analysis of fluazinam. The paper-based sensor presented a liner range from 10 μM to 800 μM for fluazinam detection with the LOD of 2.26 μM. Additionally, the acceptable recoveries were obtained for fluazinam detection in the spiked samples of tomato, potato and cucumber, indicating that the proposed method provided an effective sensing platform for real applications of fluazinam detection in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Jingzhou Hou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Shiyu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Caihong Shen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Solid-State Brewing, Luzhou Laojiao Group Co. Ltd., Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Zhong Ji
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Yi Ma
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, PR China
| | - Huibo Luo
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, PR China
| | - Suyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Solid-State Brewing, Luzhou Laojiao Group Co. Ltd., Luzhou, 646000, PR China.
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Changjun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
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Souders CL, Perez-Rodriguez V, El Ahmadie N, Zhang X, Tischuk C, Martyniuk CJ. Investigation into the sub-lethal effects of the triazole fungicide triticonazole in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos/larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:254-267. [PMID: 31670470 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Global use of azole fungicides is expected to increase over the next several years. Triticonazole is a triazole fungicide that is used for turf protection, residential, and other commercial applications. As such, it can enter local rural and urban water systems via run-off and rain events. Early life stages of aquatic organisms can be susceptible to pesticides that enter the water, but in the case of triticonazole, data on the potential for subacute toxicity are lacking. Here, we determined the effects of triticonazole on development, oxygen consumption rates, and locomotor activity in zebrafish to address this knowledge gap. Wild-type zebrafish (ABTu strain) embryos and larvae were exposed to triticonazole (1-100 μM) in early development for different lengths of time depending on the assay conducted. Triticonazole did not affect survival nor induce significant deformity (pericardial edema, skeletal defects) in zebrafish at doses up to 100 μM. Oxygen consumption rate was measured in embryos after 24 and 48 hour exposure to triticonazole beginning at ∼6 hpf using the XFe flux analyzer. Triticonazole did not affect basal respiration, oligomycin-induced ATP linked respiration, FCCP-induced maximum respiration, proton leak, spare capacity, nor non-mitochondrial respiration at doses up to 100 μM for 24 hours, even for exposure up to 250 μM for 48 hours. To determine whether the fungicide affected larval swimming activity, the visual motor response test was conducted following triticonazole exposure for 6 days. Larval zebrafish exposed to triticonazole showed hypoactivity in the dark following a 100 μM treatment, suggesting that the fungicide can affect the locomotor activity of zebrafish, albeit at relatively high levels. Given the fact that sublethal biological responses were absent at lower environmentally relevant concentrations, we conclude that triticonazole, relative to other triazole fungicides and types of pesticides, exhibits a relatively low risk of toxicity to the early life stages of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Veronica Perez-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nader El Ahmadie
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Xujia Zhang
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Claire Tischuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Khailova LS, Firsov AM, Kotova EA, Antonenko YN. Interaction of Potent Mitochondrial Uncouplers with Thiol-Containing Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8060194. [PMID: 31234606 PMCID: PMC6616877 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally considered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the development of numerous pathologies. The level of ROS can be altered via the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by using protonophores causing mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Here, we report that the uncoupling activity of potent protonophores, such as carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), and fluazinam, can be abrogated by the addition of thiol-containing antioxidants to isolated mitochondria. In particular, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, cysteine, and dithiothreitol removed both a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in the respiration rate that is caused by FCCP. The thiols also reduced the electrical current that is induced by FCCP and CCCP across planar bilayer lipid membranes. Thus, when speculating on the mechanistic roles of ROS level modulation by mitochondrial uncoupling based on the antioxidant reversing certain FCCP and CCCP effects on cellular processes, one should take into account the ability of these protonophoric uncouplers to directly interact with the thiol-containing antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljudmila S Khailova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander M Firsov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena A Kotova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuri N Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Wang XH, Zheng SS, Huang T, Su LM, Zhao YH, Souders CL, Martyniuk CJ. Fluazinam impairs oxidative phosphorylation and induces hyper/hypo-activity in a dose specific manner in zebrafish larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:633-644. [PMID: 30031347 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluazinam is a pyridinamine fungicide that induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in cells, and it has been reported to be neurotoxic. To characterize the biological effects of fluazinam, we assessed mitochondrial bioenergetics, dopamine system expression, and behavior of early life staged zebrafish (0.01 μM-0.5 μM). Fluazinam at environmentally-relevant levels did not induce sub-lethal effects in larvae, but at the LC50 (0.5 μM), fluazinam decreased basal and ATP-linked respiration significantly in embryos. As mitochondria are directly related to redox homeostasis and apoptosis, the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis were measured. Superoxide dismutase 2 (sod2), heat stock protein 70 (hsp70), bcl2-associated X protein (bax), and caspase 9 (casp9) mRNA levels were up-regulated by 0.5 μM fluazinam. Taken together, there was evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage at the highest concentration of fluazinam (0.5 μM) tested. As there are reports for fluazinam-induced neurotoxicity in dopamine synthesizing cells, transcriptional targets in the dopamine system were assessed in the zebrafish. Tyrosine hydroxylase 1 (th1) and dopamine receptor 2a (drd2a) mRNA levels were decreased by 0.5 μM fluazinam, suggesting that this fungicide may affect the dopaminergic system. To further assess the potential for fluazinam-mediated neuromodulation, the dark photokinesis response was assessed in larvae following exposure. Larvae exposed to 0.1 μM fluazinam showed hyperactivity, while larvae exposed to 0.2 and 0.3 μM showed hypo-activity. This study demonstrates that fluazinam disrupts mitochondrial bioenergetics in zebrafish, inducing an oxidative stress response, and aberrant behaviors in larvae that are dose dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao H Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Shan S Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Li M Su
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, PR China.
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Wan J, Deng L, Zhang C, Yuan Q, Liu J, Dun Y, Zhou Z, Zhao H, Liu C, Yuan D, Wang T. Chikusetsu saponin V attenuates H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells through Sirt1/PGC-1α/Mn-SOD signaling pathways. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:919-28. [PMID: 27332950 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Chikusetsu saponin V (CsV), the most abundant member of saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJ), has attracted increasing attention for its potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms are unclear. Our study intended to investigate the antioxidative effects of CsV in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Our data showed that CsV attenuated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, inhibited ROS accumulation, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential dose-dependently. Further exploration of the mechanisms showed that CsV exhibited these effects through increasing the activation of oxidative-stress-associated factors including Sirt1, PGC-1α, and Mn-SOD. Moreover, CsV inhibited H2O2-induced down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax in a dose-dependent manner and, thus, increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that CsV exhibited neuroprotective effects possibly through Sirt1/PGC-1α/Mn-SOD signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhi Wan
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Lili Deng
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Changcheng Zhang
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Qin Yuan
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Jing Liu
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Yaoyan Dun
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Chaoqi Liu
- b Three Gorges University Institute of Molecular Biology, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- c Renhe Hospital, The second College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, China
| | - Ting Wang
- a College of Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
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Arend N, Wertheimer C, Laubichler P, Wolf A, Kampik A, Kernt M. Idebenone Prevents Oxidative Stress, Cell Death and Senescence of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells by Stabilizing BAX/Bcl-2 Ratio. Ophthalmologica 2015; 234:73-82. [PMID: 26044821 DOI: 10.1159/000381726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness. Degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is pathognomonic for the disease, and oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. This study investigates potential antiapoptotic and cytoprotective effects of idebenone on cultured RPE cells (ARPE-19) under conditions of oxidative stress. METHODS ARPE-19 cells were treated with 1-100 µ<smlcap>M</smlcap> idebenone. Cell viability (MTT assay), induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and histone-associated DNA fragments in mono- and oligonucleosomes, expression of proapoptotic BAX and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 as well as senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity were investigated under exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). RESULTS Idebenone concentrations from 1 to 20 µ<smlcap>M</smlcap> showed no toxic effects on ARPE-19 cells. When cells were treated with H2O2, pretreatment with 5, 7.5, 10, and 20 µ<smlcap>M</smlcap> idebenone led to a significant increase in the viability of ARPE-19 cells. In addition, idebenone pretreatment significantly attenuated the induction of SA-β-Gal and intracellular ROS as well as the amount of histone-associated DNA fragments after treatment with H2O2. The reduction of proapoptotic BAX and the elevation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 under idebenone show that this process is rather mediated by inhibiting H2O2-induced apoptosis, not necrosis. CONCLUSION In this study, idebenone increased survival of ARPE-19 cells and reduced cell death, senescence, and oxidative stress by stabilizing the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Arend
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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Marchal JA, Lopez GJ, Peran M, Comino A, Delgado JR, García-García JA, Conde V, Aranda FM, Rivas C, Esteban M, Garcia MA. The impact of PKR activation: from neurodegeneration to cancer. FASEB J 2014; 28:1965-74. [PMID: 24522206 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-248294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An inverse association between cancer and neurodegeneration is plausible because these biological processes share several genes and signaling pathways. Whereas uncontrolled cell proliferation and decreased apoptotic cell death governs cancer, excessive apoptosis contributes to neurodegeneration. Protein kinase R (PKR), an interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA protein kinase, is involved in both diseases. PKR activation blocks global protein synthesis through eIF2α phosphorylation, leading to cell death in response to a variety of cellular stresses. However, PKR also has the dual role of activating the nuclear factor κ-B pathway, promoting cell proliferation. Whereas PKR is recognized for its negative effects on neurodegenerative diseases, in part, inducing high level of apoptosis, the role of PKR activation in cancer remains controversial. In general, PKR is considered to have a tumor suppressor function, and some clinical data show a correlation between suppressed or inactivated PKR and a poor prognosis for several cancers. However, other studies show high PKR expression and activation levels in various cancers, suggesting that PKR might contribute to neoplastic progression. Understanding the cellular factors and signals involved in the regulation of PKR in these age-related diseases is relevant and may have important clinical implications. The present review highlights the current knowledge on the role of PKR in neurodegeneration and cancer, with special emphasis on its regulation and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Marchal
- 1University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Azpitarte sn., Granada E-18012, Spain.
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Mo S, Xiong H, Shu G, Yang X, Wang J, Zheng C, Xiong W, Mei Z. Phaseoloideside E, a Novel Natural Triterpenoid Saponin Identified From Entada phaseoloides, Induces Apoptosis in Ec-109 Esophageal Cancer Cells Through Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. J Pharmacol Sci 2013; 122:163-75. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.12193fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Chen Y, Liu J, Yuan B, Cao C, Qin S, Cao X, Bian G, Wang Z, Jiang J. Methylated actinomycin D, a novel actinomycin D analog induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells through Fas- and mitochondria-mediated pathways. Mol Carcinog 2012; 52:983-96. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.21943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Jinjuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Chengliang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Sheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Xiaoying Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Guangkai Bian
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province; Xuzhou Normal University; Xuzhou China
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