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Odongo S, Ssebugere P, Spencer PS, Palmer VS, Angues RV, Mwaka AD, Wasswa J. Organochlorine pesticides and their markers of exposure in serum and urine of children from a nodding syndrome hotspot in northern Uganda, east Africa. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143191. [PMID: 39214405 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Nodding syndrome (NS) is a neurologic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by vertical head nodding that has affected children aged 5-18 years in East Africa. Previous studies have examined relationships with biological agents (e.g., nematodes, measles, and fungi), but there is limited data on the possible contributions of neurotoxic environmental chemicals frequently used as pesticides/insecticides to the development and progression of this disorder. We examined the levels of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in children (5-18 years old) from Kitgum District, Northern Uganda. These children previously lived in internally displaced people's (IDP) camps, where they were exposed to various health risks, including contaminated food and water. Exposure to OCPs through contaminated food and water is postulated here as a potential contributor to NS etiology. We analyzed serum (n = 75) and urine (n = 150) samples from children diagnosed with NS, and from seizure-free household controls (HC), and community controls (CC). Samples were extracted using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and extracts were analyzed for OCPs using gas chromatography with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Mean levels of total (∑) ∑OCPs in serum samples from NS, HC and CC subjects were 23.3 ± 2.82, 21.1 ± 3.40 and 20.9 ± 4.24 ng/mL, respectively, while in urine samples were 1.86 ± 1.03, 2.83 ± 1.42, and 2.14 ± 0.94 ng/mL, respectively. Correlation and linear regression analysis indicated that potential markers for ∑hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), ∑chlordane compounds (CHLs), ∑endosulfan and ∑dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were γ-HCH, heptachlor-exo-epoxide, endosulfan-α and p,p'-DDD in NS cases while in controls were α -HCH, heptachlor, endosulfan-α and p,p'-DDE, respectively. Since, in some instances, higher OCP levels were found in controls vs. NS cases, we conclude that exposure to organochlorine pesticides is unlikely to be associated with the etiology of NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silver Odongo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Patrick Ssebugere
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter S Spencer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Valerie S Palmer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Raquel Valdes Angues
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Amos Deogratius Mwaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John Wasswa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
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2
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Bermudo Fuenmayor S, Serrano Castro PJ, Quiroga Subirana P, López Palmero S, Requena Mullor M, Parrón Carreño T. Environmental exposure to pesticides and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the South of Spain. Neurologia 2023; 38:447-452. [PMID: 37659835 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if there is a relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and the prevalence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in Andalusia. METHOD We carried out a case-control study using the logistic regression method to verify the relationship between the prevalence of ALS in the area exposed to pesticides versus the unexposed area, through the Odds Ratio statistical test. RESULTS The study population consisted of 519 individuals diagnosed with ALS between January 2016 and December 2018 according to the CMBD (Minimum Basic Data Set) as cases. In the control group, we have 8,384,083 individuals obtained from data from the National Institute of Statistics (INE). The Odds Ratio (OR) was used as a measure of association between cases and controls, obtaining an OR between 0.76 and 1.08 for the confidence interval of the CI (95%). CONCLUSIONS Despite the existence of various studies that suggest a possible association between environmental exposure to pesticides and the risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, our analysis of the Andalusian population did not find significant evidence of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S López Palmero
- Servicio de Medicina Interna en Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas, Spain
| | | | - T Parrón Carreño
- Unidad de Delegación Territorial para la igualdad, salud y políticas sociales, Almería, Spain
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3
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Cresto N, Forner-Piquer I, Baig A, Chatterjee M, Perroy J, Goracci J, Marchi N. Pesticides at brain borders: Impact on the blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, and neurological risk trajectories. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 324:138251. [PMID: 36878369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are omnipresent, and they pose significant environmental and health risks. Translational studies indicate that acute exposure to high pesticide levels is detrimental, and prolonged contact with low concentrations of pesticides, as single and cocktail, could represent a risk factor for multi-organ pathophysiology, including the brain. Within this research template, we focus on pesticides' impact on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neuroinflammation, physical and immunological borders for the homeostatic control of the central nervous system (CNS) neuronal networks. We examine the evidence supporting a link between pre- and postnatal pesticide exposure, neuroinflammatory responses, and time-depend vulnerability footprints in the brain. Because of the pathological influence of BBB damage and inflammation on neuronal transmission from early development, varying exposures to pesticides could represent a danger, perhaps accelerating adverse neurological trajectories during aging. Refining our understanding of how pesticides influence brain barriers and borders could enable the implementation of pesticide-specific regulatory measures directly relevant to environmental neuroethics, the exposome, and one-health frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Cresto
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabel Forner-Piquer
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
| | - Asma Baig
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Mousumi Chatterjee
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Nicola Marchi
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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4
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Alarcón R, Giménez B, Hernández AF, López-Villén A, Parrón T, García-González J, Requena M. Occupational exposure to pesticides as a potential risk factor for epilepsy. Neurotoxicology 2023; 96:166-173. [PMID: 37121439 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures. In a previous study we found that environmental exposure to pesticides was associated with a greater risk of epilepsy. The present study examined possible occupational risk factors that may contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy in farmers and pesticide applicators (sprayers). A case-referent study was conducted on 19,704 individuals over a 17-year study period (2000-2016). Epilepsy cases (n = 5091) were collected from Hospital records and referents (non-epilepsy cases, n = 14.613) from the Centre for Prevention of Occupational Risks, both from Almería (South-Eastern Spain). A significant increased risk of having epilepsy was found in farmers working in intensive agriculture (high-yield greenhouse crops) compared to extensive agriculture (open-air crops). The risk was greater for farmers residing in rural areas with high pesticide use (intensive farming crops in plastic greenhouses) and for those not wearing protective gloves. As for sprayers, the greatest risk of epilepsy was observed in those not wearing face mask, and in those living in areas with high pesticide use (greenhouse intensive agriculture). Overall, this study supports previous findings on the association between epilepsy and pesticide exposure in the general population, and extends the risk to farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides, mainly those engaged in intensive agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Alarcón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Belén Giménez
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, 18016 Granada, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada (Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria) ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health Network (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública), CIBERESP, Spain.
| | | | - Tesifón Parrón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain; Andalusian Council of Health at Almería Province, 04009 Almería, Spain
| | | | - Mar Requena
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Caba IC, Ștreangă V, Dobrin ME, Jităreanu C, Jităreanu A, Profire BȘ, Apotrosoaei M, Focșa AV, Caba B, Agoroaei L. Clinical Assessment of Acute Organophosphorus Pesticide Poisoning in Pediatric Patients Admitted to the Toxicology Emergency Department. TOXICS 2022; 10:582. [PMID: 36287862 PMCID: PMC9609388 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide poisoning in pediatric patients is still an important reason for presenting to the emergency department in Romania. In this context, the present study aims to raise awareness of the toxicological impact of pesticides on human health in pediatrics. For this purpose, the demographic characteristics, clinical assessment, and outcome of pediatric patients with acute pesticide poisoning admitted to the toxicology department of "Saint Mary" Emergency Children's Hospital from Iasi, were analyzed. This retrospective study focused on the clinical and laboratory data of patients aged under 18 years diagnosed with acute pesticide poisoning between 2010-2020. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10 package. A total of 49 patients presented with manifestations of acute pesticide poisoning, and the most common pesticide involved was diazinon. The most frequent exposure route was accidentally ingesting pesticide products (95%). The primary clinical manifestations were toxic encephalopathy, coma, depressive disorder, gastric disorders, and respiratory failure. Changes in the glycemic status, liver, and kidney damage were also present. Treatment included decontamination, administration of antidote, supportive care, and recommendations to be closely monitored to avoid a new incident. These results highlight the toxic potential of pesticides on human health and their biological consequences, which require an increase in consciousness of the precautions imposed on their use, especially when children are nearby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Cezara Caba
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Violeta Ștreangă
- Department of Toxicology, “Saint Mary” Children Emergency Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mona-Elisabeta Dobrin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Disease, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Jităreanu
- Department of Toxicology, “Saint Mary” Children Emergency Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Jităreanu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bianca-Ștefania Profire
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Apotrosoaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin-Viorel Focșa
- Department of Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Caba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminița Agoroaei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Chen Z, Yu W, Xu R, Karoly PJ, Maturana MI, Payne DE, Li L, Nurse ES, Freestone DR, Li S, Burkitt AN, Cook MJ, Guo Y, Grayden DB. Ambient air pollution and epileptic seizures: a panel study in Australia. Epilepsia 2022; 63:1682-1692. [PMID: 35395096 PMCID: PMC9543609 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence has shown that ambient air pollution affects brain health, but little is known about its effect on epileptic seizures. This work aimed to assess the association between daily exposure to ambient air pollution and the risk of epileptic seizures. METHODS This study used epileptic seizure data from two independent data sources (NeuroVista and Seer App seizure diary). In the NeuroVista dataset, 3273 seizures were recorded using intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) from 15 participants with refractory focal epilepsy in Australia in 2010-2012. In the seizure diary dataset, 3419 self-reported seizures were collected through a mobile application from 34 participants with epilepsy in Australia in 2018-2021. Daily average concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), ozone (O3 ), particulate matter ≤10 μm in diameter (PM10 ), and sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) were retrieved from the Environment Protection Authority (EPA) based on participants' postcodes. A patient-time-stratified case-crossover design with the conditional Poisson regression model was used to determine the associations between air pollutants and epileptic seizures. RESULTS A significant association between CO concentrations and epileptic seizure risks was observed, with an increased seizure risk of 4% (relative risk [RR]: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.07) for an interquartile range (IQR) increase of CO concentrations (0.13 parts per million), while no significant associations were found for the other four air pollutants in the whole study population. Females had a significantly increased risk of seizures when exposing to elevated CO and NO2 , with RR of 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01-1.08) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.16), respectively. Additionally, a significant association was observed between CO and the risk of subclinical seizures (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.12-1.28). SIGNIFICANCE Daily exposure to elevated CO concentrations may be associated with the increased risk of epileptic seizures, especially for subclinical seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuying Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wenhua Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Rongbin Xu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Philippa J Karoly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matias I Maturana
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Seer Medical, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel E Payne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Seer Medical, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lyra Li
- Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ewan S Nurse
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Seer Medical, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony N Burkitt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark J Cook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - David B Grayden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Cattani D, Struyf N, Steffensen V, Bergquist J, Zamoner A, Brittebo E, Andersson M. Perinatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide causes dysregulation of dynorphins and an increase of neural precursor cells in the brain of adult male rats. Toxicology 2021; 461:152922. [PMID: 34474092 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate, the most used herbicide worldwide, has been suggested to induce neurotoxicity and behavioral changes in rats after developmental exposure. Studies of human glyphosate intoxication have reported adverse effects on the nervous system, particularly in substantia nigra (SN). Here we used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to study persistent changes in peptide expression in the SN of 90-day-old adult male Wistar rats. The animals were perinatally exposed to 3 % GBH (glyphosate-based herbicide) in drinking water (corresponding to 0.36 % of glyphosate) starting at gestational day 5 and continued up to postnatal day 15 (PND15). Peptides are present in the central nervous system before birth and play a critical role in the development and survival of neurons, therefore, observed neuropeptide changes could provide better understanding of the GBH-induced long term effects on SN. The results revealed 188 significantly altered mass peaks in SN of animals perinatally exposed to GBH. A significant reduction of the peak intensity (P < 0.05) of several peptides from the opioid-related dynorphin family such as dynorphin B (57 %), alpha-neoendorphin (50 %), and its endogenous metabolite des-tyrosine alpha-neoendorphin (39 %) was detected in the GBH group. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed a decreased dynorphin expression and showed a reduction of the total area of dynorphin immunoreactive fibers in the SN of the GBH group. In addition, a small reduction of dynorphin immunoreactivity associated with non-neuronal cells was seen in the hilus of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Perinatal exposure to GBH also induced an increase in the number of nestin-positive cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. In conclusion, the results demonstrate long-term changes in the adult male rat SN and hippocampus following a perinatal GBH exposure suggesting that this glyphosate-based formulation may perturb critical neurodevelopmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Cattani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-970, Brazil.
| | - Nona Struyf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vivien Steffensen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Box 559, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ariane Zamoner
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Eva Brittebo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Andersson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Bermudo Fuenmayor S, Serrano Castro PJ, Quiroga Subirana P, López Palmero S, Requena Mullor M, Parrón Carreño T. Environmental exposure to pesticides and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the South of Spain. Neurologia 2021; 38:S0213-4853(21)00030-X. [PMID: 33771383 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if there is a relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and the prevalence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in Andalusia. METHOD We carried out a case-control study using the logistic regression method to verify the relationship between the prevalence of ALS in the area exposed to pesticides versus the unexposed area, through the Odds Ratio statistical test. RESULTS The study population consisted of 519 individuals diagnosed with ALS between January 2016 and December 2018 according to the CMBD (Minimum Basic Data Set) as cases. In the control group, we have 8,384,083 individuals obtained from data from the National Institute of Statistics (INE). The Odds Ratio (OR) was used as a measure of association between cases and controls, obtaining an OR between 0.76 and 1.08 for the confidence interval of the CI (95%). CONCLUSIONS Despite the existence of various studies that suggest a possible association between environmental exposure to pesticides and the risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, our analysis of the Andalusian population did not find significant evidence of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S López Palmero
- Servicio de Medicina Interna en Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas, Spain
| | | | - T Parrón Carreño
- Unidad de Delegación Territorial para la igualdad, salud y políticas sociales, Almería, Spain
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9
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Requena-Mullor M, Navarro-Mena A, Wei R, López-Guarnido O, Lozano-Paniagua D, Alarcon-Rodriguez R. Evaluation of Gonadal Alterations in a Population Environmentally Exposed to a Mixture of Endocrine Active Pesticides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2355. [PMID: 33670911 PMCID: PMC7957776 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although there are studies that show that some pesticides produce gonadal dysfunction and gonadal cancer in different animals, there are not many studiesregardinghumans. This study determined the prevalence and risk in humans of developing ovarian or testicular dysfunction or cancer in areas with distinct exposure to pesticides, which have endocrine disrupting properties. A population-based case-control study was carried out on humans living in ten health districts of Andalusia (Southern Spain) classified as areas of high or low environmental exposure to pesticides according to agronomic criteria. The study population included 5332 cases and 13,606 controls. Data were collected from computerized hospital records between 2000 and 2018.The risk of gonadal dysfunction or cancer was significantly higher in areas with higher use of pesticides in relation to those with lower use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Requena-Mullor
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (D.L.-P.); (R.A.-R.)
| | | | - Ruqiong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Olga López-Guarnido
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - David Lozano-Paniagua
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (D.L.-P.); (R.A.-R.)
| | - Raquel Alarcon-Rodriguez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (D.L.-P.); (R.A.-R.)
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10
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Lachter DR, Nudi AH, Porto GF, Ribeiro RAL, Wagener ALR, Masone CG. Multiresidue method for triazines and pyrethroids determination by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 55:865-875. [PMID: 32657214 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1790266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed at implementing and validating a method for analysis of pesticide residues in crops. QuEChERS extraction method with PSA purification was used following analyzes by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in Selected Reaction Monitoring mode. A short run method was successfully developed for the determination of 41 pesticides, confirmed by two precursor-products for each analyte. The calibration curve for each analyte was linear at concentration range from 1 to 500 μg kg-1 with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99, low limits of detection (0.03 - 10.22 μg kg-1) and satisfactory precision. The developed method was used to investigate apples; mangos; strawberries; cucumbers and tomatoes from the Rio de Janeiro Food Distribution Center (CEASA).Most of the targeted pesticides (78%) were below detection limits. Apple and strawberry presented the highest pesticide contamination levels, many of which are not authorized by tthe Brazilian national regulatory agency (ANVISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela R Lachter
- Chemistry Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana H Nudi
- Chemistry Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel A L Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angela L R Wagener
- Chemistry Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos German Masone
- Chemistry Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Amoatey P, Al-Mayahi A, Omidvarborna H, Baawain MS, Sulaiman H. Occupational exposure to pesticides and associated health effects among greenhouse farm workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22251-22270. [PMID: 32333353 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The number and production capacities of greenhouse farms have been increased across the globe, driven by an effort for addressing food security problems related to the rapid population growth and the effects of climate change. As a result, there was a large increase in the number of greenhouse farm workers who are typically involved in chemical preparations and pesticide sprayings, crop harvesting, and greenhouse maintenance activities. Considering the enclosed architecture of the greenhouse farm design and the frequent application of pesticides, the objective of this review was to characterize pesticide exposure levels and resultant health effects among greenhouse farm workers. While most health assessment studies were mainly based on self-reported symptoms, this review showed limited epidemiological and clinical studies on the assessment of the health effects of pesticide exposure on greenhouse workers' health. Reproductive disorders, respiratory symptoms, neurological symptoms, and skin irritations were the most reported health effects among greenhouse farm workers. Additionally, there were limited studies on respirable pesticide-borne fine and ultrafine particulate matters in greenhouse farms. Ventilation systems and indoor environmental conditions of greenhouse farms were not designed according to specifications of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Among recommendations provided, long-term exposure assessments of pesticide effects on children born by greenhouse farm workers should be considered in future research. Also, compliance with ASHRAE indoor ventilation and environmental standards will be very important in reducing pesticide exposure and health effects among greenhouse farm workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Amoatey
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Mayahi
- Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Hamid Omidvarborna
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Mahad Said Baawain
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Hameed Sulaiman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Banhela N, Naidoo P, Naidoo S. Association between pesticide exposure and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) polymorphisms, and neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2020; 9:109. [PMID: 32386510 PMCID: PMC7211330 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors such as pollution, pesticide exposure and socio-demographic location have been implicated as a pressure capable of altering genetic make-up. Altered genetic sequence of genes encoding enzymes may result in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Of peculiar interest is the genetic variance on the paraoxonase-1 gene induced by pre- and postnatal exposure to pesticides. SNP have been reported on the paraoxonase-1 gene and post-xenobiotic exposure and are presumed to alter gene sequence and ultimately enzymatic activity. The altered enzymatic activity may facilitate neurodevelopment disorders. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are among the neurodevelopment disorders of which prevalence is concurrently associated with increasing environmental xenobiotic exposure. The variance on xenobiotic metabolising genes is associated with altered neurodevelopment outcome and ultimately altered neurobehavioural outcome. Prime interests of this systematic review were to establish an understanding of the sequences on the paraoxonase-1 gene associated with adverse neurobehavioural outcome. An in-depth literature search was conducted using the term combination "pesticide exposure, pre- and postnatal exposure, organophosphates/organophosphorus, single nucleotide polymorphism, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), neurodevelopment/neurobehavioural outcome in child/infant". Articles published from the year 2000 to 2018 were considered for review. The result showed that variance on the PON1-108 and 192 alleles could be implicated in the development of altered neurobehavioural outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkosinathi Banhela
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Pragalathan Naidoo
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Saloshni Naidoo
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Saberi F, Bahrami F, Saberi M, Mashhadi Akbar Boojar M. The pro-convulsant effects of diazinon low dose in male rats under amygdala kindling. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:625-632. [PMID: 32249606 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1746801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphates can damage the brain in systemic intoxication. In this study, the effects of a minimum toxic dose (MTD) of diazinon (DZ) on amygdala afterdischarge threshold (ADT), kindling acquisition and kindled seizure parameters were evaluated. Intact male rats were stereotactically implanted with a tripolar and two monopolar electrodes in the amygdala and dura respectively. After recovery, animals received daily either, olive oil (control), 15 or 30 mg/kg (MTD) of DZ intraperitoneally, and ADT, afterdischarge duration (ADD) at each stage (S1 to S5) of kindling and number of trials for kindling acquisition were determined daily. Also, the effect of DZ on stage 4 latency (S4L), ADD, stage 5 duration (S5D) and the activity of the red blood cholinesterase (ChE) were evaluated. The ADT was lower and the ADD was longer significantly in DZ treated group in comparison to control (p < 0.01) and the number of trials to reach each stage of kindling acquisition was reduced (p < 0.001). The total amount of ADDs during the kindling procedure increased significantly 5 days after DZ treatment. While the S4L was reduced, the S5D increased significantly after DZ treatment. The ChE activity was inhibited significantly after 20 min of DZ treatment and continued till 24 h (p < 0.01). Data indicate that even half of the MTD of DZ could increase the sensitivity and excitability of the CNS to the epileptic activity at least via reduction of stimulation threshold and AD prolongation. Furthermore, repeated exposure to the low concentrations of organophosphates may be pro-convulsant and should be restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saberi
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Skin Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Bahrami
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Saberi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mashhadi Akbar Boojar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yadav R, Srivastava P. Establishment of resveratrol and its derivatives as neuroprotectant against monocrotophos-induced alteration in NIPBL and POU4F1 protein through molecular docking studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:291-304. [PMID: 31786755 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06806-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Monocrotophos (MCP) is a broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide, which is widely used as foliar spray to the different important crops. MCP may reach the soil and the aquatic environment directly or indirectly during and after the application, which leads to the different environmental issues. MCP is found to be associated with neurotoxicity and its toxic effects have been monitored during different stages of neuronal development. Identification of gene expression in MCP-induced neurotoxicity during neuronal developmental stage is a major area of genomic research interest. In accordance with this identification, screening of potential neuroprotective, natural resources are also required as a preventive aspects by targeting the impaired genes. In this current course of work, microarray experiment has been used to identify genes that were expressed in monocrotophos (MCP)-induced mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and also the neuroprotectant activity of RV on MCP-exposed MSCs. Microarray experiment data have been deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus database and are accessible through GEO Series accession number GSE121261. In this paper, we have discussed two important genes NIPBL (nipped-B-like protein) and POU4F1 (POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 1). These genes were found to be significantly expressed in MCP-exposed MSC and show minimum expression in presence of RV. Homology modelling and docking study was done to identify the interaction and binding affinity of resveratrol and its derivatives with NIPBL and POU4F1 protein. Docking analysis shows that RV and its derivatives have strong interaction with NIPBL and POU4F1 protein hence proves the significance of resveratrol as potential neuroprotectant. This paper highlights the hazardous impact of MCP on neuronal development disorders and repairing potentiality of RV and its derivatives on altered genes involved in neuronal diseases. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, U.P., India
| | - Prachi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, U.P., India.
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Integrating ionic liquids with molecular imprinting technology for biorecognition and biosensing: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 149:111830. [PMID: 31710919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As promising alternatives to natural receptors, artificial molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have received great attention in biotechnology. Nevertheless, some bottlenecks limit their further development, including low adsorption capacity, poor recognition efficiency, slow response, and insipid aqueous compatibility. Ionic liquids (ILs) show the features of tailored structures and properties, high conductivity, good solubility, and excellent stability. Because of these advantages, they have found intensive use in MIPs by remedying the latter's shortcomings. In this review, we summarize the integration of ILs and MIPs for biorecognition and biosensing. The versatile roles of ILs in improving the performance of MIPs are firstly summarized, including serving as solvents, porogens, functional monomers, organic surface modifiers, dummy templates, and cross-linkers. Then, specific applications of IL-based MIPs in peptide recognition, protein sensing, and food safety analysis are discussed. Finally, future trends and challenges for the design and development of IL-based MIPs and their applications in the biorecognition and biosensing are proposed.
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Jodeh S, Hanbali G, Tighadouini S, Radi S, Hamed O, Jodeh D. Removal and extraction efficiency of Quaternary ammonium herbicides paraquat (PQ) from aqueous solution by ketoenol-pyrazole receptor functionalized silica hybrid adsorbent (SiNPz). BMC Chem 2019; 13:86. [PMID: 31384833 PMCID: PMC6661747 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides and herbicides have been used extensively in agricultural practices to control pests and increase crop yields. Paraquat (PQT2+, 1,1-dimethyl-4,4-dipyridinium chloride) is one of the herbicide that belois classified as bipyridines and is used over the world. The objective of this study is to use ketoenol–pyrazole receptor functionalized silica hybrid as adsorbent for removal PQT2+ from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was synthesized, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Thermal analysis and other techniques. Different experimental parameters such as the effect of the amount of adsorbent, solution pH and temperatures and contact times were studied. Pseudo-order kinetics models were studied, and our data followed a pseudo second order. Experimental data were analyzed for both Langmuir and Freundlich models and the data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. To understand the mechanism of adsorption, thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy, standard Gibbs free energy, and standard entropy were studied. The study indicated that the process is spontaneous, exothermic in nature and follow physisorption mechanisms. The novelty of this study showed surface of pyrazol-enol-imine-substituted silica (SiNPz) has the ability to highlight the surface designed for efficient removal of PQT2+, from aqueous solutions more than other studies. The study also showed that ketoenol–pyrazole receptor can be regenerated in five cycles using HNO3 without affecting its adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehdeh Jodeh
- 1Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ghadir Hanbali
- 1Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Said Tighadouini
- LCAE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Premier University, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Smaail Radi
- LCAE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Premier University, 60000 Oujda, Morocco.,LCAE, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Othman Hamed
- 1Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Diana Jodeh
- 4Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL USA
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Alipour V, Hoseinpour F, Vatanparast J. Persistent alterations in seizure susceptibility, drug responsiveness and comorbidities associated with chemical kindling after neonatal exposure to an organophosphate. Neurotoxicology 2019; 73:92-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Sarkar T, Patro N, Patro IK. Cumulative multiple early life hits- a potent threat leading to neurological disorders. Brain Res Bull 2019; 147:58-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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