1
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Gabbert C, Schaake S, Lüth T, Much C, Klein C, Aasly JO, Farrer MJ, Trinh J. GBA1 in Parkinson's disease: variant detection and pathogenicity scoring matters. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:322. [PMID: 37312046 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GBA1 variants are the strongest genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the pathogenicity of GBA1 variants concerning PD is still not fully understood. Additionally, the frequency of GBA1 variants varies widely across populations. OBJECTIVES To evaluate Oxford Nanopore sequencing as a strategy, to determine the frequency of GBA1 variants in Norwegian PD patients and controls, and to review the current literature on newly identified variants that add to pathogenicity determination. METHODS We included 462 Norwegian PD patients and 367 healthy controls. We sequenced the full-length GBA1 gene on the Oxford Nanopore GridION as an 8.9 kb amplicon. Six analysis pipelines were compared using two aligners (NGMLR, Minimap2) and three variant callers (BCFtools, Clair3, Pepper-Margin-Deepvariant). Confirmation of GBA1 variants was performed by Sanger sequencing and the pathogenicity of variants was evaluated. RESULTS We found 95.8% (115/120) true-positive GBA1 variant calls, while 4.2% (5/120) variant calls were false-positive, with the NGMLR/Minimap2-BCFtools pipeline performing best. In total, 13 rare GBA1 variants were detected: two were predicted to be (likely) pathogenic and eleven were of uncertain significance. The odds of carrying one of the two common GBA1 variants, p.L483P or p.N409S, in PD patients were estimated to be 4.11 times the odds of carrying one of these variants in controls (OR = 4.11 [1.39, 12.12]). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have demonstrated that Oxford long-read Nanopore sequencing, along with the NGMLR/Minimap2-BCFtools pipeline is an effective tool to investigate GBA1 variants. Further studies on the pathogenicity of GBA1 variants are needed to assess their effect on PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Gabbert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - Susen Schaake
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - Theresa Lüth
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - Christoph Much
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - Jan O Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany.
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2
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Dubiela P, Szymańska-Rożek P, Eljaszewicz A, Lipiński P, Hasiński P, Giersz D, Walewska A, Tynecka M, Moniuszko M, Tylki-Szymańska A. Alpha-Synuclein mRNA Level Found Dependent on L444P Variant in Carriers and Gaucher Disease Patients on Enzyme Replacement Therapy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040644. [PMID: 37189391 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is the most frequent sphingolipidosis, caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the GBA1 gene encoding for β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase, E.C. 3.2.1.45). The condition is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, hematological abnormalities, and bone disease in both non-neuronopathic type 1 (GD1) and neuronopathic type 3 (GD3). Interestingly, GBA1 variants were found to be one of the most important risk factors for the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) in GD1 patients. We performed a comprehensive study regarding the two most disease-specific biomarkers, glucosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb1) and α-synuclein for GD and PD, respectively. A total of 65 patients with GD treated with ERT (47 GD1 patients and 18 GD3 patients), 19 GBA1 pathogenic variant carriers (including 10 L444P carriers), and 16 healthy subjects were involved in the study. Lyso-Gb1 was assessed by dried blood spot testing. The level of α-synuclein as an mRNA transcript, total, and oligomer protein concentration were measured with real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. α-synuclein mRNA level was found significantly elevated in GD3 patients and L444P carriers. GD1 patients, along with GBA1 carriers of an unknown or unconfirmed variant, as well as healthy controls, have the same low level of α-synuclein mRNA. There was no correlation found between the level of α-synuclein mRNA and age in GD patients treated with ERT, whereas there was a positive correlation in L444P carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Dubiela
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paulina Szymańska-Rożek
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Eljaszewicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Patryk Lipiński
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Hasiński
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Municipal Hospital, 43-100 Tychy, Poland
| | - Dorota Giersz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Alicja Walewska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marlena Tynecka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymańska
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Tseng FS, Foo JQX, Mai AS, Tan EK. The genetic basis of multiple system atrophy. J Transl Med 2023; 21:104. [PMID: 36765380 PMCID: PMC9912584 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a heterogenous, uniformly fatal neurodegenerative ɑ-synucleinopathy. Patients present with varying degrees of dysautonomia, parkinsonism, cerebellar dysfunction, and corticospinal degeneration. The underlying pathophysiology is postulated to arise from aberrant ɑ-synuclein deposition, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Although MSA is regarded as a primarily sporadic disease, there is a possible genetic component that is poorly understood. This review summarizes current literature on genetic risk factors and potential pathogenic genes and loci linked to both sporadic and familial MSA, and underlines the biological mechanisms that support the role of genetics in MSA. We discuss a broad range of genes that have been associated with MSA including genes related to Parkinson's disease (PD), oxidative stress, inflammation, and tandem gene repeat expansions, among several others. Furthermore, we highlight various genetic polymorphisms that modulate MSA risk, including complex gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, which influence the disease phenotype and have clinical significance in both presentation and prognosis. Deciphering the exact mechanism of how MSA can result from genetic aberrations in both experimental and clinical models will facilitate the identification of novel pathophysiologic clues, and pave the way for translational research into the development of disease-modifying therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Shuen Tseng
- grid.163555.10000 0000 9486 5048Division of Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel Qi Xuan Foo
- grid.276809.20000 0004 0636 696XDepartment of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aaron Shengting Mai
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 169856, Singapore. .,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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4
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Lysosomal functions and dysfunctions: Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying Gaucher disease and its association with Parkinson disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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5
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Vieira SRL, Schapira AHV. Glucocerebrosidase mutations: A paradigm for neurodegeneration pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:42-55. [PMID: 34450264 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biallelic (homozygous or compound heterozygous) glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) mutations cause Gaucher disease, whereas heterozygous mutations are numerically the most important genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD) and are associated with the development of other synucleinopathies, notably Dementia with Lewy Bodies. This phenomenon is not limited to GBA, with converging evidence highlighting further examples of autosomal recessive disease genes increasing neurodegeneration risk in heterozygous mutation carriers. Nevertheless, despite extensive research, the cellular mechanisms by which mutations in GBA, encoding lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), predispose to neurodegeneration remain incompletely understood. Alpha-synuclein (A-SYN) accumulation, autophagic lysosomal dysfunction, mitochondrial abnormalities, ER stress and neuroinflammation have been proposed as candidate pathogenic pathways in GBA-linked PD. The observation of GCase and A-SYN interactions in PD initiated the development and evaluation of GCase-targeted therapeutics in PD clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia R L Vieira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
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6
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Mahmood A, Shah AA, Umair M, Wu Y, Khan A. Recalling the pathology of Parkinson's disease; lacking exact figure of prevalence and genetic evidence in Asia with an alarming outcome: A time to step-up. Clin Genet 2021; 100:659-677. [PMID: 34195994 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common and progressive neurodegenerative disease globally, with major symptoms like bradykinesia, impaired posture, and tremor. Several genetic and environmental factors have been identified but elucidating the main factors have been challenging due to the disease's complex nature. Diagnosis, prognosis, and management of such diseases are challenging and require effective targeted attention in developing countries. Recently, PD is growing rapidly in many crowded Asian countries as an alarming threat with inadequate knowledge of its prevalence, genetic architecture, and geographic distribution. This study gave an in-depth overview of the prevalence, incidence and genomic/genetics studies published so far in the Asian population. To the best of our knowledge, PD has increased significantly in several Asian countries, including China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand, and Israel over the past few years, requiring a greater level of care and attention. Genetic screening of families with PD at national levels and establishing an official database of PD cases are essential to get a comprehensive and conclusive view of the exact prevalence and genetic diversity of PD in the Asian population to properly manage and treat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Mahmood
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Abid Ali Shah
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiming Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Amjad Khan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat, Pakistan
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7
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Senkevich KA, Kopytova AE, Usenko TS, Emelyanov AK, Pchelina SN. Parkinson's Disease Associated with GBA Gene Mutations: Molecular Aspects and Potential Treatment Approaches. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:70-78. [PMID: 34377557 PMCID: PMC8327146 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. To date, genome-wide association studies have identified more than 70 loci associated with the risk of PD. Variants in the GBA gene encoding glucocerebrosidase are quite often found in PD patients in all populations across the world, which justifies intensive investigation of this gene. A number of biochemical features have been identified in patients with GBA-associated Parkinson's disease (GBA-PD). In particular, these include decreased activity of glucocerebrosidase and accumulation of the glucosylceramide substrate. These features were the basis for putting forward a hypothesis about treatment of GBA-PD using new strategies aimed at restoring glucocerebrosidase activity and reducing the substrate concentration. This paper discusses the molecular and genetic mechanisms of GBA-PD pathogenesis and potential approaches to the treatment of this form of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Senkevich
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Saint-Petersburg, 188300 Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, 197022 Russia
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - A. E. Kopytova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Saint-Petersburg, 188300 Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, 197022 Russia
| | - T. S. Usenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Saint-Petersburg, 188300 Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, 197022 Russia
| | - A. K. Emelyanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Saint-Petersburg, 188300 Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, 197022 Russia
| | - S. N. Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Saint-Petersburg, 188300 Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, 197022 Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376 Russia
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8
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Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease typified by a movement disorder consisting of bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. Treatment options for PD are limited, with most of the current approaches based on restoration of dopaminergic tone in the striatum. However, these do not alter disease course and do not treat the non-dopamine-dependent features of PD such as freezing of gait, cognitive impairment, and other non-motor features of the disorder, which often have the greatest impact on quality of life. As understanding of PD pathogenesis grows, novel therapeutic avenues are emerging. These include treatments that aim to control the symptoms of PD without the problematic side effects seen with currently available treatments and those that are aimed towards slowing pathology, reducing neuronal loss, and attenuating disease course. In this latter regard, there has been much interest in drug repurposing (the use of established drugs for a new indication), with many drugs being reported to affect PD-relevant intracellular processes. This approach offers an expedited route to the clinic, given that pharmacokinetic and safety data are potentially already available. In terms of better symptomatic therapies that are also regenerative, gene therapies and cell-based treatments are beginning to enter clinical trials, and developments in other neurosurgical strategies such as more nuanced deep brain stimulation approaches mean that the landscape of PD treatment is likely to evolve considerably over the coming years. In this review, we provide an overview of the novel therapeutic approaches that are close to, or are already in, clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Stoker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK
- Department of Neurology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK
- Wellcome Trust – Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Petrucci S, Ginevrino M, Trezzi I, Monfrini E, Ricciardi L, Albanese A, Avenali M, Barone P, Bentivoglio AR, Bonifati V, Bove F, Bonanni L, Brusa L, Cereda C, Cossu G, Criscuolo C, Dati G, De Rosa A, Eleopra R, Fabbrini G, Fadda L, Garbellini M, Minafra B, Onofrj M, Pacchetti C, Palmieri I, Pellecchia MT, Petracca M, Picillo M, Pisani A, Vallelunga A, Zangaglia R, Di Fonzo A, Morgante F, Valente EM. GBA-Related Parkinson's Disease: Dissection of Genotype-Phenotype Correlates in a Large Italian Cohort. Mov Disord 2020; 35:2106-2111. [PMID: 32658388 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in GBA are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). The impact of different variants on the PD clinical spectrum is still unclear. OBJECTIVES We determined the frequency of GBA-related PD in Italy and correlated GBA variants with motor and nonmotor features and their occurrence over time. METHODS Sanger sequencing of the whole GBA gene was performed. Variants were classified as mild, severe, complex, and risk. β-glucocerebrosidase activity was measured. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed. RESULTS Among 874 patients with PD, 36 variants were detected in 14.3%, including 20.4% early onset. Patients with GBA-PD had earlier and more frequent occurrence of several nonmotor symptoms. Patients with severe and complex GBA-PD had the highest burden of symptoms and a higher risk of hallucinations and cognitive impairment. Complex GBA-PD had the lowest β-glucocerebrosidase activity. CONCLUSIONS GBA-PD is highly prevalent in Italy. Different types of mutations underlie distinct phenotypic profiles. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Petrucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Monia Ginevrino
- Agostino Gemelli IRCCS University Hospital Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Trezzi
- Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Monfrini
- Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Ricciardi
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Albanese
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Micol Avenali
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Barone
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "ScuolaMedicaSalernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bentivoglio
- Agostino Gemelli IRCCS University Hospital Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francesco Bove
- Agostino Gemelli IRCCS University Hospital Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Livia Brusa
- Parkinson Center, Neurology Complex Operative Unit, Sant'Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Criscuolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive, and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Dati
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "ScuolaMedicaSalernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive, and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Eleopra
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Isernia), Italy
| | - Laura Fadda
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Manuela Garbellini
- Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Palmieri
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pellecchia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "ScuolaMedicaSalernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Martina Petracca
- Agostino Gemelli IRCCS University Hospital Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Picillo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "ScuolaMedicaSalernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Vallelunga
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "ScuolaMedicaSalernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Morgante
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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10
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den Heijer JM, Cullen VC, Quadri M, Schmitz A, Hilt DC, Lansbury P, Berendse HW, van de Berg WD, de Bie RM, Boertien JM, Boon AJ, Contarino MF, van Hilten JJ, Hoff JI, van Mierlo T, Munts AG, van der Plas AA, Ponsen MM, Baas F, Majoor‐Krakauer D, Bonifati V, van Laar T, Groeneveld GJ. A Large-Scale Full GBA1 Gene Screening in Parkinson's Disease in the Netherlands. Mov Disord 2020; 35:1667-1674. [PMID: 32618053 PMCID: PMC7540512 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease known is a damaging variant in the GBA1 gene. The entire GBA1 gene has rarely been studied in a large cohort from a single population. The objective of this study was to assess the entire GBA1 gene in Parkinson's disease from a single large population. METHODS The GBA1 gene was assessed in 3402 Dutch Parkinson's disease patients using next-generation sequencing. Frequencies were compared with Dutch controls (n = 655). Family history of Parkinson's disease was compared in carriers and noncarriers. RESULTS Fifteen percent of patients had a GBA1 nonsynonymous variant (including missense, frameshift, and recombinant alleles), compared with 6.4% of controls (OR, 2.6; P < 0.001). Eighteen novel variants were detected. Variants previously associated with Gaucher's disease were identified in 5.0% of patients compared with 1.5% of controls (OR, 3.4; P < 0.001). The rarely reported complex allele p.D140H + p.E326K appears to likely be a Dutch founder variant, found in 2.4% of patients and 0.9% of controls (OR, 2.7; P = 0.012). The number of first-degree relatives (excluding children) with Parkinson's disease was higher in p.D140H + p.E326K carriers (5.6%, 21 of 376) compared with p.E326K carriers (2.9%, 29 of 1014); OR, 2.0; P = 0.022, suggestive of a dose effect for different GBA1 variants. CONCLUSIONS Dutch Parkinson's disease patients display one of the largest frequencies of GBA1 variants reported so far, consisting in large part of the mild p.E326K variant and the more severe Dutch p.D140H + p.E326K founder allele. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas M. den Heijer
- Centre for Human Drug ResearchLeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Marialuisa Quadri
- Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Janssen Vaccines and PreventionLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Dana C. Hilt
- Lysosomal Therapeutics IncCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | | | - Rob M.A. de Bie
- Amsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - M. Fiorella Contarino
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Haga Teaching HospitalThe HagueThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Frank Baas
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Teus van Laar
- University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Geert J. Groeneveld
- Centre for Human Drug ResearchLeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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11
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Stoker TB, Camacho M, Winder-Rhodes S, Liu G, Scherzer CR, Foltynie T, Evans J, Breen DP, Barker RA, Williams-Gray CH. Impact of GBA1 variants on long-term clinical progression and mortality in incident Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:695-702. [PMID: 32303560 PMCID: PMC7361014 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-322857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variants in the GBA1 gene have been identified as a common risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition to pathogenic mutations (those associated with Gaucher disease), a number of 'non-pathogenic' variants also occur at increased frequency in PD. Previous studies have reported that pathogenic variants adversely affect the clinical course of PD. The role of 'non-pathogenic' GBA1 variants on PD course is less clear. In this study, we report the effect of GBA1 variants in incident PD patients with long-term follow-up. METHODS The study population consisted of patients in the Cambridgeshire Incidence of Parkinson's disease from General Practice to Neurologist and Parkinsonism: Incidence, Cognition and Non-motor heterogeneity in Cambridgeshire cohorts. Patients were grouped into non-carriers, carriers of 'non-pathogenic' GBA1 variants and carriers of pathogenic GBA1 mutations. Survival analyses for time to development of dementia, postural instability and death were carried out. Cox regression analysis controlling for potential confounders were used to determine the impact of GBA1 variants on these outcome measures. RESULTS GBA1 variants were identified in 14.4% of patients. Pathogenic and 'non-pathogenic' GBA1 variants were associated with the accelerated development of dementia and a more aggressive motor course. Pathogenic GBA1 variants were associated with earlier mortality in comparison with non-carriers, independent of the development of dementia. DISCUSSION GBA1 variants, including those not associated with Gaucher disease, are common in PD and result in a more aggressive disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Stoker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK .,Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council - Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marta Camacho
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Sophie Winder-Rhodes
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Ganqiang Liu
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Advanced Center for Parkinson's Disease Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clemens R Scherzer
- Advanced Center for Parkinson's Disease Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Precision Neurology Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Evans
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - David P Breen
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.,Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council - Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
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12
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Olszewska DA, McCarthy A, Soto-Beasley AI, Walton RL, Magennis B, McLaughlin RL, Hardiman O, Ross OA, Lynch T. Association Between Glucocerebrosidase Mutations and Parkinson's Disease in Ireland. Front Neurol 2020; 11:527. [PMID: 32714263 PMCID: PMC7344206 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies implicate heterozygous GBA mutations as a major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the frequency of mutations has never been examined in PD patients from the Irish population. We prospectively recruited 314 unrelated Irish PD patients (UK Brain Bank Criteria) and 96 Irish healthy controls (without any signs or family history of parkinsonism) attending. The Dublin Neurological Institute (DNI). Complete exon GBA Sanger sequencing analysis with flanking intronic regions was performed. The GBA carrier frequency was 8.3% in PD and 3.1% in controls. We identified a number of potentially pathogenic mutations including a p.G195E substitution and a p.G377C variant, previously described in a case study of Gaucher's disease in Ireland. On genotype–phenotype assessment hallucinations, dyskinesia, and dystonia were more prevalent in GBA-PD. The genetic etiology of PD in Ireland differs from the continental Europe as seen with the lower LRRK2 and higher than in most European countries GBA mutation frequency. Determining genetic risk factors in different ethnicities will be critical for future personalized therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Olszewska
- The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Allan McCarthy
- The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Neurology, The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ronald L Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Brian Magennis
- The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Orla Hardiman
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Tim Lynch
- The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Amaral CEDM, Lopes PF, Ferreira JCC, Alves EAC, Montenegro MVB, Costa ETD, Yamada ES, Cavalcante FOQ, Santana-da-Silva LC. GBA mutations p.N370S and p.L444P are associated with Parkinson's disease in patients from Northern Brazil. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 77:73-79. [PMID: 30810589 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mutations of the GBA gene have been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) from a number of different countries, including Brazil. In order to confirm this pattern in a sample of PD patients from northern Brazil, we conducted a case-control study of the occurrence of the two most common mutations of the GBA gene (c.1226A>G; p.N370S and c.1448T>C; p.L444P) in a group of 81 PD patients and 81 control individuals, using PCR-RFLP, confirmed by the direct sequencing of the PCR products. In the patient group, three patients (3.7%) were heterozygous for the GBA c.1226A>G; p.N370S mutation, and three (3.7%) for GBA c.1448T>C; p.L444P Neither mutation was detected in the control group (p =0.0284). Patients with the c.1448T>C; p.L444P mutation showed a tendency to have an earlier disease onset, but a larger sample number is required to confirm this observation. Our results suggest an association between the GBA c.1226A>G; p.N370S and c.1448T>C; p.L444P mutations and the development of PD in the population of patients from the Northern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Farias Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Erros Inatos de Metabolismo, Belém PA, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Edmar Tavares da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Belém PA, Brasil
| | - Elizabeth Sumi Yamada
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Belém PA, Brasil
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14
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Bandres-Ciga S, Ahmed S, Sabir MS, Blauwendraat C, Adarmes-Gómez AD, Bernal-Bernal I, Bonilla-Toribio M, Buiza-Rueda D, Carrillo F, Carrión-Claro M, Gómez-Garre P, Jesús S, Labrador-Espinosa MA, Macias D, Méndez-del-Barrio C, Periñán-Tocino T, Tejera-Parrado C, Vargas-González L, Diez-Fairen M, Alvarez I, Tartari JP, Buongiorno M, Aguilar M, Gorostidi A, Bergareche JA, Mondragon E, Vinagre-Aragon A, Croitoru I, Ruiz-Martínez J, Dols-Icardo O, Kulisevsky J, Marín-Lahoz J, Pagonabarraga J, Pascual-Sedano B, Ezquerra M, Cámara A, Compta Y, Fernández M, Fernández-Santiago R, Muñoz E, Tolosa E, Valldeoriola F, Gonzalez-Aramburu I, Sanchez Rodriguez A, Sierra M, Menéndez-González M, Blazquez M, Garcia C, Suarez-San Martin E, García-Ruiz P, Martínez-Castrillo JC, Vela-Desojo L, Ruz C, Barrero FJ, Escamilla-Sevilla F, Mínguez-Castellanos A, Cerdan D, Tabernero C, Gomez Heredia MJ, Perez Errazquin F, Romero-Acebal M, Feliz C, Lopez-Sendon JL, Mata M, Martínez Torres I, Kim JJ, Dalgard CL, Brooks J, Saez-Atienzar S, Gibbs JR, Jorda R, Botia JA, Bonet-Ponce L, Morrison KE, Clarke C, Tan M, Morris H, Edsall C, Hernandez D, Simon-Sanchez J, Nalls MA, Scholz SW, Jimenez-Escrig A, Duarte J, Vives F, Duran R, Hoenicka J, Alvarez V, Infante J, Marti MJ, Clarimón J, López de Munain A, Pastor P, Mir P, Singleton A. The Genetic Architecture of Parkinson Disease in Spain: Characterizing Population-Specific Risk, Differential Haplotype Structures, and Providing Etiologic Insight. Mov Disord 2019; 34:1851-1863. [PMID: 31660654 PMCID: PMC8393828 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Iberian Peninsula stands out as having variable levels of population admixture and isolation, making Spain an interesting setting for studying the genetic architecture of neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVES To perform the largest PD genome-wide association study restricted to a single country. METHODS We performed a GWAS for both risk of PD and age at onset in 7,849 Spanish individuals. Further analyses included population-specific risk haplotype assessments, polygenic risk scoring through machine learning, Mendelian randomization of expression, and methylation data to gain insight into disease-associated loci, heritability estimates, genetic correlations, and burden analyses. RESULTS We identified a novel population-specific genome-wide association study signal at PARK2 associated with age at onset, which was likely dependent on the c.155delA mutation. We replicated four genome-wide independent signals associated with PD risk, including SNCA, LRRK2, KANSL1/MAPT, and HLA-DQB1. A significant trend for smaller risk haplotypes at known loci was found compared to similar studies of non-Spanish origin. Seventeen PD-related genes showed functional consequence by two-sample Mendelian randomization in expression and methylation data sets. Long runs of homozygosity at 28 known genes/loci were found to be enriched in cases versus controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate the utility of the Spanish risk haplotype substructure for future fine-mapping efforts, showing how leveraging unique and diverse population histories can benefit genetic studies of complex diseases. The present study points to PARK2 as a major hallmark of PD etiology in Spain. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bandres-Ciga
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Sarah Ahmed
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marya S. Sabir
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Astrid D. Adarmes-Gómez
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Inmaculada Bernal-Bernal
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Marta Bonilla-Toribio
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Dolores Buiza-Rueda
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Fátima Carrillo
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Mario Carrión-Claro
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Silvia Jesús
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Miguel A. Labrador-Espinosa
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Daniel Macias
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Carlota Méndez-del-Barrio
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Teresa Periñán-Tocino
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Cristina Tejera-Parrado
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Laura Vargas-González
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Tartari
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariateresa Buongiorno
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Gorostidi
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Plataforma de Genomica, Instituto de Investigacion Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jesús Alberto Bergareche
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos de Movimiento, Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elisabet Mondragon
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos de Movimiento, Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Vinagre-Aragon
- Unidad de Trastornos de Movimiento, Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ioana Croitoru
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Javier Ruiz-Martínez
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos de Movimiento, Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Oriol Dols-Icardo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Genetics of Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, IIB Sant Pau, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan Marín-Lahoz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Javier Pagonabarraga
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Berta Pascual-Sedano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mario Ezquerra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ana Cámara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manel Fernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rubén Fernández-Santiago
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esteban Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduard Tolosa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Valldeoriola
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabel Gonzalez-Aramburu
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) and Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Antonio Sanchez Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) and Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - María Sierra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) and Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel Menéndez-González
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Marta Blazquez
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Ciara Garcia
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Esther Suarez-San Martin
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Pedro García-Ruiz
- Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Martínez-Castrillo
- Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lydia Vela-Desojo
- Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Ruz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica and Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Barrero
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Escamilla-Sevilla
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Adolfo Mínguez-Castellanos
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Debora Cerdan
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General de Segovia, Segovia, Spain
| | - Cesar Tabernero
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General de Segovia, Segovia, Spain
| | | | | | - Manolo Romero-Acebal
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain
| | - Cici Feliz
- Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Lopez-Sendon
- Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Mata
- Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez Torres
- Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Clifton L. Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- The American Genome Center, Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Janet Brooks
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara Saez-Atienzar
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rafael Jorda
- Departamento de Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan A. Botia
- Departamento de Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Bonet-Ponce
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Clarke
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Manuela Tan
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Morris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Connor Edsall
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Javier Simon-Sanchez
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, and DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, USA
| | - Sonja W. Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adriano Jimenez-Escrig
- Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacinto Duarte
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General de Segovia, Segovia, Spain
| | - Francisco Vives
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica and Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Duran
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica and Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Janet Hoenicka
- Laboratorio de Neurogenética y Medicina Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Alvarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jon Infante
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) and Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Maria José Marti
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
- Genetics of Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, IIB Sant Pau, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias. UPV-EHU, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pau Pastor
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Pchelina S, Baydakova G, Nikolaev M, Senkevich K, Emelyanov A, Kopytova A, Miliukhina I, Yakimovskii A, Timofeeva A, Berkovich O, Fedotova E, Illarioshkin S, Zakharova E. Blood lysosphingolipids accumulation in patients with parkinson's disease with glucocerebrosidase 1 mutations. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1325-1330. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre (Kurchatov Institute); St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- Institute of Experimental Medicine; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Galina Baydakova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution (Research Centre for Medical Genetics); Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Mikhael Nikolaev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre (Kurchatov Institute); St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Senkevich
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre (Kurchatov Institute); St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- Institute of Experimental Medicine; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Anton Emelyanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre (Kurchatov Institute); St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Alena Kopytova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre (Kurchatov Institute); St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Irina Miliukhina
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
- Institute of Experimental Medicine; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Yakimovskii
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Alla Timofeeva
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Olga Berkovich
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Ekaterina Zakharova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution (Research Centre for Medical Genetics); Moscow Russian Federation
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW GBA mutations are the most common known genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). Its biological pathway may be important in idiopathic PD, since activity of the enzyme encoded by GBA, glucocerebrosidase, is reduced even among PD patients without GBA mutations. This article describes the structure and function of GBA, reviews recent literature on the clinical phenotype of GBA PD, and suggests future directions for research, counseling, and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Several longitudinal studies have shown that GBA PD has faster motor and cognitive progression than idiopathic PD and that this effect is dose dependent. New evidence suggests that GBA mutations may be important in multiple system atrophy. Further, new interventional studies focusing on GBA PD are described. These studies may increase the interest of PD patients and caregivers in genetic counseling. GBA mutation status may help clinicians estimate PD progression, though mechanisms underlying GBA and synucleinopathy require further understanding.
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The Association between E326K of GBA and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2018; 2018:1048084. [PMID: 29808112 PMCID: PMC5901859 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1048084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is reported that both the homozygous and heterozygous states of GBA mutations which are the causes of Gaucher disease (GD) are linked to the risk of PD. However, the GBA variant p.E326K (c.1093G > A, rs2230288), which does not result in GD in homozygous carriers, has triggered debate among experts studying Parkinson's disease (PD). In order to determine if the E326K variant of GBA is associated with the risk of PD, a standard meta-analysis was conducted by searching and screening publications, data extraction, and statistical analysis. Finally, a total of 15 publications, containing 5,908 PD patients and 5,605 controls, were included in this analysis. The pooled OR of the E326K genotype analysis was 1.99 (95% CI: 1.57–2.51). The minor allele frequencies of E326K for PD patients and controls were 1.67% and 1.03%, respectively. The pooled OR for the minor allele A was 1.99 (95% CI: 1.58–2.50). According to the subgroup analysis, we found that the significant differences between PD patients and controls for both genotype and allele of E326K also exist in Asians and Caucasians, respectively. In this study, we found that E326K of GBA is associated with the risk of PD in total populations, Asians, and Caucasians, respectively. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of GBA in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Zhang Y, Shu L, Sun Q, Zhou X, Pan H, Guo J, Tang B. Integrated Genetic Analysis of Racial Differences of Common GBA Variants in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29527153 PMCID: PMC5829555 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have indicated that there is a possible relationship between GBA variants and Parkinson's disease (PD), however, most of them focused on a few variants such as L444P, N370S. We performed a comprehensive pooled analysis to clarify the relationship between variations of GBA and the risk of PD in different racial groups. Methods: Standard meta-analysis was conducted, including generating inclusion and exclusion criteria, searching literature, extracting and analyzing data. Results: Fifty studies containing 20,267 PD patients and 24,807 controls were included. We found that variants 84insGG, IVS2+1G>A, R120W, H255Q, E326K, T369M, N370S, D409H, L444P, R496H and RecNciI increased the risk of PD in total populations (OR: 1.78–10.49; p: <0.00001, 0.00005, 0.0008, 0.005, <0.00001, 0.004, <0.00001, 0.0003, <0.00001, <0.0001, 0.0001). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, in AJ populations, variants 84insGG, R496H, N370S increased the risk of PD (OR: 9.26–3.51; p: <0.00001, <0.0001, <0.00001). In total non-AJ populations, variants L444P, R120W, IVS2+1G>A, H255Q, N370S, D409H, RecNciI, E326K, T369M increased the risk of PD (OR: 8.66–1.89; p: <0.00001, 0.0008, 0.02, 0.005, <0.00001, 0.001, 0.0001, <0.00001, 0.002). Among the non-AJ populations, pooled analysis from five different groups were done separately. Variants L444P, N370S, H255Q, D409H, RecNciI, E326K increased risk of PD (OR: 6.52–1.84; p: <0.00001, <0.00001, 0.005, 0.005, 0.04, <0.00001) in European/West Asians while R120W and RecNciI in East Asians (OR: 14.93, 3.56; p: 0.001, 0.003). L444P increased the risk of PD in Hispanics, East Asians and Mixed populations (OR: 15.44, 12.43, 7.33; p: 0.00004, <0.00001, 0.009). Lacking of enough original studies, we failed to conduct quantitative analysis in Africa. Conclusions: Obvious racial differences were found for GBA variants in PD. 84insGG and R496H exclusively increased PD risks in AJ populations, so did L444P, R120W, IVS2+1G>A, H255Q, D409H, RecNciI, E326K, T369M in non-AJ populations. N370S increased the risk of PD in both ethnics. In non-AJ subgroup populations, N370S, H255Q, D409H, E326K exclusively increased PD risks in European/West Asians, as were R120W in East Asians. L444P increased the risk of PD in all groups in non-AJ ethnicity. These results will contribute to the future genetic screening of GBA gene in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Shu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Parkinson's Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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19
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Davis MY, Johnson CO, Leverenz JB, Weintraub D, Trojanowski JQ, Chen-Plotkin A, Van Deerlin VM, Quinn JF, Chung KA, Peterson-Hiller AL, Rosenthal LS, Dawson TM, Albert MS, Goldman JG, Stebbins GT, Bernard B, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Dickson DW, Eidelberg D, Mattis PJ, Niethammer M, Yearout D, Hu SC, Cholerton BA, Smith M, Mata IF, Montine TJ, Edwards KL, Zabetian CP. Association of GBA Mutations and the E326K Polymorphism With Motor and Cognitive Progression in Parkinson Disease. JAMA Neurol 2017; 73:1217-1224. [PMID: 27571329 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Importance Parkinson disease (PD) is heterogeneous in symptom manifestation and rate of progression. Identifying factors that influence disease progression could provide mechanistic insight, improve prognostic accuracy, and elucidate novel therapeutic targets. Objective To determine whether GBA mutations and the E326K polymorphism modify PD symptom progression. Design, Setting, and Participants The entire GBA coding region was screened for mutations and E326K in 740 patients with PD enrolled at 7 sites from the PD Cognitive Genetics Consortium. Detailed longitudinal motor and cognitive assessments were performed with patients in the on state. Main Outcomes and Measures Linear regression was used to test for an association between GBA genotype and motor progression, with the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored version of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS III) score at the last assessment as the outcome and GBA genotype as the independent variable, with adjustment for levodopa equivalent dose, sex, age, disease duration, MDS-UPDRS III score at the first assessment, duration of follow-up, and site. Similar methods were used to examine the association between genotype and tremor and postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) scores. To examine the effect of GBA genotype on cognitive progression, patients were classified into those with conversion to mild cognitive impairment or dementia during the study (progression) and those without progression. The association between GBA genotype and progression status was then tested using logistic regression, adjusting for sex, age, disease duration, duration of follow-up, years of education, and site. Results Of the total sample of 733 patients who underwent successful genotyping, 226 (30.8%) were women and 507 (69.2%) were men (mean [SD] age, 68.1 [8.8] years). The mean (SD) duration of follow-up was 3.0 (1.7) years. GBA mutations (β = 4.65; 95% CI, 1.72-7.58; P = .002), E326K (β = 3.42; 95% CI, 0.66-6.17; P = .02), and GBA variants combined as a single group (β = 4.01; 95% CI, 1.95-6.07; P = 1.5 × 10-4) were associated with a more rapid decline in MDS-UPDRS III score. Combined GBA variants (β = 0.38; 95% CI, 0.23-0.53; P = .01) and E326K (β = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.86; P = .002) were associated with faster progression in PIGD scores, but not in tremor scores. A significantly higher proportion of E326K carriers (10 of 21 [47.6%]; P = .01) and GBA variant carriers (15 of 39 [38.5%]; P = .04) progressed to mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Conclusions and Relevance GBA variants predict a more rapid progression of cognitive dysfunction and motor symptoms in patients with PD, with a greater effect on PIGD than tremor. Thus, GBA variants influence the heterogeneity in symptom progression observed in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Y Davis
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington2Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Catherine O Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - James B Leverenz
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel Weintraub
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | | | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon8Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
| | - Kathryn A Chung
- Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon8Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
| | - Amie L Peterson-Hiller
- Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon8Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
| | - Liana S Rosenthal
- Neurodegeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland10Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neurodegeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland10Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland11Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland12Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer G Goldman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Glenn T Stebbins
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bryan Bernard
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - David Eidelberg
- Center for Neurosciences, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York17Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - Paul J Mattis
- Center for Neurosciences, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York17Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - Martin Niethammer
- Center for Neurosciences, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Dora Yearout
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington2Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Shu-Ching Hu
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington2Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Brenna A Cholerton
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington18Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Megan Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington2Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Karen L Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine
| | - Cyrus P Zabetian
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington2Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
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GBA Variants Influence Motor and Non-Motor Features of Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167749. [PMID: 28030538 PMCID: PMC5193380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene is a known factor increasing the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mutations carriers have earlier disease onset and are more likely to develop neuropsychiatric symptoms than other sporadic PD cases. These symptoms have primarily been observed in Parkinson’s patients carrying the most common pathogenic mutations L444P and N370S. However, recent findings suggest that other variants across the gene may have a different impact on the phenotype as well as on the disease progression. We aimed to explore the influence of variants across GBA gene on the clinical features and treatment related complications in PD. In this study, we screened the GBA gene in a cohort of 532 well-characterised PD patients and 542 controls from southern Spain. The potential pathogeniticy of the identified variants was assessed using in-silico analysis and subsequently classified as benign or deleterious. As a result, we observed a higher frequency of GBA variants in PD patients (12.2% vs. 7.9% in controls, p = 0.021), earlier mean age at disease onset in GBA variant carriers (50.6 vs. 56.6 years; p = 0.013), as well as more prevalent motor and non-motor symptoms in patients carrying deleterious variants. In addition, we found that dopaminergic motor complications are influenced by both benign and deleterious variants. Our results highlight the fact that the impact on the phenotype highly depends on the potential pathogenicity of the carried variants. Therefore, the course of motor and non-motor symptoms as well as treatment-related motor complications could be influenced by GBA variants.
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21
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Kalinderi K, Bostantjopoulou S, Fidani L. The genetic background of Parkinson's disease: current progress and future prospects. Acta Neurol Scand 2016; 134:314-326. [PMID: 26869347 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Almost two decades of genetic research in Parkinson's disease (PD) have remarkably increased our knowledge regarding the genetic basis of PD with numerous genes and genetic loci having been found to cause familial PD or affect the risk for PD. Approximately 5-10% of PD patients have monogenic forms of the disease, exhibiting a classical Mendelian type of inheritance, however, the majority PD cases are sporadic, probably caused by a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. Nowadays, six genes, alpha synuclein, LRRK2, VPS35, Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1, have definitely been associated with an autosomal dominant or recessive PD mode of inheritance. The advent of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and the implementation of new technologies, like next generation sequencing (NGS) and exome sequencing has undoubtedly greatly aided the identification on novel risk variants for sporadic PD. In this review, we will summarize the current progress and future prospects in the field of PD genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Kalinderi
- Department of General Biology; Medical School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - S. Bostantjopoulou
- 3rd University Department of Neurology; G. Papanikolaou Hospital; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - L. Fidani
- Department of General Biology; Medical School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
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Pchelina S, Emelyanov A, Baydakova G, Andoskin P, Senkevich K, Nikolaev M, Miliukhina I, Yakimovskii A, Timofeeva A, Fedotova E, Abramycheva N, Usenko T, Kulabukhova D, Lavrinova A, Kopytova A, Garaeva L, Nuzhnyi E, Illarioshkin S, Zakharova E. Oligomeric α-synuclein and glucocerebrosidase activity levels in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2016; 636:70-76. [PMID: 27780739 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein oligomerization plays a key role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Being the most common genetic contributor to PD, glucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA) mutations have been associated with decreased GBA enzymatic activity in PD patients with mutations in the GBA gene (GBA-PD). However, it is unknown whether the activities of other lysosomal hydrolases are being altered in GBA-PD patients and are accompanied by an increase in alpha-synuclein oligomerization. The aim of our study was to estimate GBA enzymatic activity as well as the activities of five other lysosomal hydrolases (galactocerebrosidase, alpha-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, sphingomyelinase, alpha-iduronidase) in dried blood spots with assessing plasma oligomeric alpha-synuclein levels in sporadic PD (sPD) patients, in GBA-PD patients and in controls. GBA enzymatic activity and plasma oligomeric alpha-synuclein levels were assessed in sPD patients (N=84), in GBA-PD patients (N=21) and controls (N=62) by LC-MS/MS and ELISA methods accordingly. GBA-PD patients showed lower GBA enzymatic activity compared to controls (p=0.001) and to sPD (p=0.0001). We also found the reduction of GLA enzymatic activity (but not of other lysosomal hydrolases) in GBA-PD (p=0.001). At the same time plasma oligomeric alpha-synuclein levels were increased in GBA-PD group compared to sPD and controls (p=0.002 and p<0.0001, respectively). Our results suggest that the decrease in enzymatic activity of lysosomal hydrolases in GBA mutation carriers may contribute to PD pathogenesis by increasing the level of neurotoxic oligomeric alpha-synuclein species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg Academic University-Nanothecnology Research and Education Centre, RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A Emelyanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg Academic University-Nanothecnology Research and Education Centre, RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - G Baydakova
- Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Andoskin
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - K Senkevich
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Nikolaev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I Miliukhina
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Yakimovskii
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Timofeeva
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E Fedotova
- Research Centre of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - T Usenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D Kulabukhova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Lavrinova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Kopytova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - L Garaeva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E Nuzhnyi
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia; Research Centre of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - E Zakharova
- Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
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Crosiers D, Verstraeten A, Wauters E, Engelborghs S, Peeters K, Mattheijssens M, De Deyn PP, Theuns J, Van Broeckhoven C, Cras P. Mutations in glucocerebrosidase are a major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease and increase susceptibility to dementia in a Flanders-Belgian cohort. Neurosci Lett 2016; 629:160-164. [PMID: 27397011 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations in a Flanders-Belgian Parkinson's disease (PD) patient cohort and to assess genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS We performed an in-depth sequencing of all coding exons of GBA in 266 clinically well-characterized PD patients and 536 healthy control individuals. RESULTS We identified rare, heterozygous GBA mutations in 12 PD patients (4.5%) and in 2 healthy control individuals (0.37%), confirming the genetic association of GBA mutations with PD in the Flanders-Belgian population (p<0.001). The patient carriers had a more severe Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score than non-carriers. Also, GBA mutation status was a significant, independent predictor for the presence of dementia (OR=12.43, 95% CI: 2.27-68.14. p=0.004). Genetic association of PD with the common p.E326K and p.T369M variants in GBA was absent. CONCLUSION In our Flanders-Belgian cohort, carrier status of a heterozygous GBA mutation was a strong genetic risk factor for PD. The GBA mutation frequency of 4.5% is comparable to previously reported data in other European PD patient cohorts. Furthermore, our clinical data suggest a more severe motor phenotype and a strong predisposition to dementia in GBA mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crosiers
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline Wauters
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Hospital Network Antwerp, Middelheim, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karin Peeters
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Mattheijssens
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Hospital Network Antwerp, Middelheim, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jessie Theuns
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Patrick Cras
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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24
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Glucocerebrosidase and parkinsonism: lessons to learn. J Neurol 2016; 263:1033-1044. [PMID: 26995357 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Both homo- (causing autosomal-recessive Gaucher's disease; GD) and heterozygous mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and represent the most robust known genetic susceptibility factors identified in PD. Since the accumulation of α-synuclein has been considered critical to the pathogenesis of PD among several possible pathways through which glucocerebrosidase (GCase) deficiency may promote the pathogenesis of PD, particular attention was given to the reciprocity with α-synuclein levels, lysosomal dysfunction, endoplasmatic reticulum-Golgi trafficking of GCase, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial abnormalities. The proportion of PD patients that carry GBA mutations is estimated to be approximately between 5 and 10 %. Individual PD patients with or without GBA mutations cannot be discriminated on clinical or pathological grounds. However, GBA mutation carriers may have slightly earlier age at PD onset, more likely have a positive family history for PD, and more prevalent non-motor symptoms when compared to those patients who are not carriers. Establishing the concept of GBA-related PD promoted a search for the pathogenic mechanisms through which GCase deficiency may influence pathogenesis of PD, suggesting that targeting the GCase-lysosomal pathway might be a rational approach for the development of neuroprotective drugs in PD.
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25
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Migdalska-Richards A, Schapira AHV. The relationship between glucocerebrosidase mutations and Parkinson disease. J Neurochem 2016; 139 Suppl 1:77-90. [PMID: 26860875 PMCID: PMC5111601 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer disease, whereas Gaucher disease (GD) is the most frequent lysosomal storage disorder caused by homozygous mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene. Increased risk of developing PD has been observed in both GD patients and carriers. It has been estimated that GBA1 mutations confer a 20‐ to 30‐fold increased risk for the development of PD, and that at least 7–10% of PD patients have a GBA1 mutation. To date, mutations in the GBA1 gene constitute numerically the most important risk factor for PD. The type of PD associated with GBA1 mutations (PD‐GBA1) is almost identical to idiopathic PD, except for a slightly younger age of onset and a tendency to more cognitive impairment. Importantly, the pathology of PD‐GBA1 is identical to idiopathic PD, with nigral dopamine cell loss, Lewy bodies, and neurites containing alpha‐synuclein. The mechanism by which GBA1 mutations increase the risk for PD is still unknown. However, given that clinical manifestation and pathological findings in PD‐GBA1 patients are almost identical to those in idiopathic PD individuals, it is likely that, as in idiopathic PD, alpha‐synuclein accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagic impairment, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress may contribute to the development and progression of PD‐GBA1. Here, we review the GBA1 gene, its role in GD, and its link with PD.
The impact of glucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA1) mutations on functioning of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, and mitochondria. GBA1 mutations resulting in production of misfolded glucocerebrosidase (GCase) significantly affect the ER functioning. Misfolded GCase trapped in the ER leads to both an increase in the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and the ER stress. The presence of ER stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) and/or endoplasmic reticulum‐associated degradation (ERAD). The prolonged activation of UPR and ERAD subsequently leads to increased apoptosis. The presence of misfolded GCase in the lysosomes together with a reduction in wild‐type GCase levels lead to a retardation of alpha‐synuclein degradation via chaperone‐mediated autophagy (CMA), which subsequently results in alpha‐synuclein accumulation and aggregation. Impaired lysosomal functioning also causes a decrease in the clearance of autophagosomes, and so their accumulation. GBA1 mutations perturb normal mitochondria functioning by increasing generation of free radical species (ROS) and decreasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, oxygen consumption, and membrane potential. GBA1 mutations also lead to accumulation of dysfunctional and fragmented mitochondria.
This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.
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26
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Zhao F, Bi L, Wang W, Wu X, Li Y, Gong F, Lu S, Feng F, Qian Z, Hu C, Wu Y, Sun Y. Mutations of glucocerebrosidase gene and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease: An updated meta-analysis in a European population. Neuroscience 2016; 320:239-46. [PMID: 26868973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to investigate the association between mutations of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD) in a European population. Several electronic databases were extensively searched. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association. In total, fourteen published papers screening L444P, N370S and other GBA variants were identified. The GBA mutations were significantly associated with PD in the European population. Subgroup analysis stratified by the age of onset (AAO) revealed that the association between GBA mutations and PD existed in the patients with age at onset ⩽50 years but did not exist in the patients with age at onset >50 years. Furthermore, the associations between N370S, and L444P with PD were also analyzed to explore the roles of the two most frequent GBA mutations in the development of PD. The results showed that significant associations between N370S, and L444P with PD were observed, respectively. Overall, the study supported that GBA mutations were a risk factor for PD in the European population. Patients with early-onset were more likely to carry GBA mutations than those with late-onset. Moreover, both L444P and N370S were associated with increased PD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - L Bi
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - W Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - F Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - S Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - F Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Z Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - C Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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27
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Coutinho MF, Alves S. From rare to common and back again: 60years of lysosomal dysfunction. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 117:53-65. [PMID: 26422115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sixty years after its discovery, the lysosome is no longer considered as cell's waste bin but as an organelle playing a central role in cell metabolism. Besides its well known association with lysosomal storage disorders (mostly rare and life-threatening diseases), recent data have shown that the lysosome is also a player in some of the most common conditions of our time; and, perhaps even most important, it is not only a target for orphan drugs (rare disease therapeutic approaches) but also a putative target to treat patients suffering from common complex diseases worldwide. Here we review the striking associations linking rare lysosomal storage disorders such as the well-known Gaucher disease, or even the recently discovered, extremely rare Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis-11 and some of the most frequent, multifaceted and complex disorders of modern society such as cancer, Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Alves
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, INSA, Portugal
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28
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Török R, Zádori D, Török N, Csility É, Vécsei L, Klivényi P. An assessment of the frequency of mutations in the GBA and VPS35 genes in Hungarian patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2015; 610:135-8. [PMID: 26547032 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, with cases of either familial or sporadic origin. Several polymorphisms in a number of genes have been proved to have an important role in the development of PD. Particular attention has recently been paid to genes of the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) and the vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 (VPS35). In this study, the three most common mutations (L444P, N370S and R120W) of the GBA gene and the D620N mutation of the VPS35 gene were examined in 124 Hungarian patients diagnosed with sporadic PD (SPD) and 122 control subjects. The frequency of the L444P mutation of the GBA gene proved to be higher in the PD patients (2.4%) than in the controls (0%), although the difference was not statistically significant. All the patients who carried the mutant allele were in the early-onset PD (EOPD) group. However, neither the R120W nor the N370S variant of the GBA gene nor D620N mutation of the VPS35 gene were detected among the PD cases or the controls. Even though these results suggest that the studied mutations are quite rare in SPD patients, the most frequent L444P mutation of the GBA gene may be associated with the development of EOPD in the Hungarian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Török
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary
| | - Dénes Zádori
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary
| | - Nóra Török
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary
| | - Éva Csility
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary
| | - Péter Klivényi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Hungary.
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29
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Analysis of the genetic variability in Parkinson's disease from Southern Spain. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 37:210.e1-210.e5. [PMID: 26518746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To date, a large spectrum of genetic variants has been related to familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) in diverse populations worldwide. However, very little is known about the genetic landscape of PD in Southern Spain, despite its particular genetic landscape coming from multiple historical migrations. We included 134 PD patients in this study, of which 97 individuals were diagnosed with late-onset sporadic PD (LOPD), 28 with early-onset sporadic PD (EOPD), and 9 with familial PD (FPD). Genetic analysis was performed through a next-generation sequencing panel to screen 8 PD-related genes (LRRK2, SNCA, PARKIN, PINK1, DJ-1, VPS35, GBA, and GCH1) in EOPD and FPD groups and direct Sanger sequencing of GBA exons 8-11 and LRRK2 exons 31 and 41 in the LOPD group. In the EOPD and FPD groups, we identified 11 known pathogenic mutations among 15 patients (40.5%). GBA (E326K, N370S, D409H, L444P) mutations were identified in 7 patients (18.9%); LRRK2 (p.R1441G and p.G2019S) in 3 patients (8.1%); biallelic PARK2 mutations (p.N52fs, p.V56E, p.C212Y) in 4 cases (10.8%) and PINK1 homozygous p.G309D in 1 patient (2.7%). An EOPD patient carried a single PARK2 heterozygous mutation (p.R402C), and another had a novel heterozygous mutation in VPS35 (p.R32S), both of unknown significance. Moreover, pathogenic mutations in GBA (E326K, T369M, N370S, D409H, L444P) and LRRK2 (p.R1441G and p.G2019S) were identified in 13 patients (13.4%) and 4 patients (4.1%), respectively, in the LOPD group. A large number of known pathogenic mutations related to PD have been identified. In particular, GBA and LRRK2 mutations appear to be considerably frequent in our population, suggesting a strong Jewish influence. Further research is needed to study the contribution of the novel found mutation p.R32S in VPS35 to the pathogenesis of PD.
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30
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Rocha EM, Smith GA, Park E, Cao H, Brown E, Hayes MA, Beagan J, McLean JR, Izen SC, Perez-Torres E, Hallett PJ, Isacson O. Glucocerebrosidase gene therapy prevents α-synucleinopathy of midbrain dopamine neurons. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 82:495-503. [PMID: 26392287 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diminished lysosomal function can lead to abnormal cellular accumulation of specific proteins, including α-synuclein, contributing to disease pathogenesis of vulnerable neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) and related α-synucleinopathies. GBA1 encodes for the lysosomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase (GCase), and mutations in GBA1 are a prominent genetic risk factor for PD. Previous studies showed that in sporadic PD, and in normal aging, GCase brain activity is reduced and levels of corresponding glycolipid substrates are increased. The present study tested whether increasing GCase through AAV-GBA1 intra-cerebral gene delivery in two PD rodent models would reduce the accumulation of α-synuclein and protect midbrain dopamine neurons from α-synuclein-mediated neuronal damage. In the first model, transgenic mice overexpressing wildtype α-synuclein throughout the brain (ASO mice) were used, and in the second model, a rat model of selective dopamine neuron degeneration was induced by AAV-A53T mutant α-synuclein. In ASO mice, intra-cerebral AAV-GBA1 injections into several brain regions increased GCase activity and reduced the accumulation of α-synuclein in the substantia nigra and striatum. In rats, co-injection of AAV-GBA1 with AAV-A53T α-synuclein into the substantia nigra prevented α-synuclein-mediated degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons by 6 months. These neuroprotective effects were associated with altered protein expression of markers of autophagy. These experiments demonstrate, for the first time, the neuroprotective effects of increasing GCase against dopaminergic neuron degeneration, and support the development of therapeutics targeting GCase or other lysosomal genes to improve neuronal handling of α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Rocha
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Gaynor A Smith
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Eric Park
- Shire, 300 Shire Way, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Shire, 300 Shire Way, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | | | - Melissa A Hayes
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Jonathan Beagan
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Jesse R McLean
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Sarah C Izen
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Eduardo Perez-Torres
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Penelope J Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
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31
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Han F, Grimes DA, Li F, Wang T, Yu Z, Song N, Wu S, Racacho L, Bulman DE. Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene are common in patients with Parkinson's disease from Eastern Canada. Int J Neurosci 2015; 126:415-21. [PMID: 26000814 DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2015.1023436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the β-glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) have been implicated as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, GBA mutations in PD patients of different ethnic origins were reported to be inconsistent. METHODS We sequenced all exons of the GBA gene in 225 PD patients and 110 control individuals from Eastern Canada. RESULT Two novel GBA variants of c.-119 A/G and S(-35)N, five known GBA mutations of R120W, N370S, L444P, RecNciI and RecTL mutation (del55/D409H/RecNciI) as well as two non-pathological variants of E326K and T369M were identified from PD patients while only one mutation of S13L and two non-pathological variants of E326K and T369M were found in the control individuals. The frequency of GBA mutations within PD patients (4.4%) is 4.8 times higher than the 0.91% observed in control individuals (X(2) = 2.91, p = 0.088; odds ratio = 4.835; 95% confidence interval = 2.524-9.123). The most common mutations of N370S and L444P accounted for 36.0% (9/25) of all the GBA mutations in this Eastern Canadian PD cohort. The frequency (6.67%) of E326K and T369M in PD patients is comparable to 7.27% in control individuals (X(2) = 0.042, p = 0.8376), further supporting that these two variants have no pathological effects on PD. Phenotype analysis showed that no significant difference in family history, age at onset and cognitive impairment was identified between the GBA mutation carriers and non-GBA mutation carriers. CONCLUSION GBA mutations were found to be a common genetic risk factor for PD in Eastern Canadian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabin Han
- a 1 Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital , Taishan Medical University , Liaocheng , China.,b 2 Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital , Taishan Medical University , Liaocheng , China
| | - David A Grimes
- c 3 Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Fang Li
- c 3 Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Ting Wang
- a 1 Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital , Taishan Medical University , Liaocheng , China
| | - Zhe Yu
- a 1 Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital , Taishan Medical University , Liaocheng , China
| | - Na Song
- a 1 Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital , Taishan Medical University , Liaocheng , China
| | - Shichao Wu
- a 1 Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital , Taishan Medical University , Liaocheng , China
| | - Lemuel Racacho
- d 4 Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Dennis E Bulman
- d 4 Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
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Alcalay RN, Levy OA, Waters CC, Fahn S, Ford B, Kuo SH, Mazzoni P, Pauciulo MW, Nichols WC, Gan-Or Z, Rouleau GA, Chung WK, Wolf P, Oliva P, Keutzer J, Marder K, Zhang X. Glucocerebrosidase activity in Parkinson's disease with and without GBA mutations. Brain 2015; 138:2648-58. [PMID: 26117366 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations have been associated with Parkinson's disease in numerous studies. However, it is unknown whether the increased risk of Parkinson's disease in GBA carriers is due to a loss of glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity. We measured glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity in dried blood spots in patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 517) and controls (n = 252) with and without GBA mutations. Participants were recruited from Columbia University, New York, and fully sequenced for GBA mutations and genotyped for the LRRK2 G2019S mutation, the most common autosomal dominant mutation in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity in dried blood spots was measured by a mass spectrometry-based assay and compared among participants categorized by GBA mutation status and Parkinson's disease diagnosis. Parkinson's disease patients were more likely than controls to carry the LRRK2 G2019S mutation (n = 39, 7.5% versus n = 2, 0.8%, P < 0.001) and GBA mutations or variants (seven homozygotes and compound heterozygotes and 81 heterozygotes, 17.0% versus 17 heterozygotes, 6.7%, P < 0.001). GBA homozygotes/compound heterozygotes had lower enzymatic activity than GBA heterozygotes (0.85 µmol/l/h versus 7.88 µmol/l/h, P < 0.001), and GBA heterozygotes had lower enzymatic activity than GBA and LRRK2 non-carriers (7.88 µmol/l/h versus 11.93 µmol/l/h, P < 0.001). Glucocerebrosidase activity was reduced in heterozygotes compared to non-carriers when each mutation was compared independently (N370S, P < 0.001; L444P, P < 0.001; 84GG, P = 0.003; R496H, P = 0.018) and also reduced in GBA variants associated with Parkinson's risk but not with Gaucher disease (E326K, P = 0.009; T369M, P < 0.001). When all patients with Parkinson's disease were considered, they had lower mean glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity than controls (11.14 µmol/l/h versus 11.85 µmol/l/h, P = 0.011). Difference compared to controls persisted in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (after exclusion of all GBA and LRRK2 carriers; 11.53 µmol/l/h, versus 12.11 µmol/l/h, P = 0.036) and after adjustment for age and gender (P = 0.012). Interestingly, LRRK2 G2019S carriers (n = 36), most of whom had Parkinson's disease, had higher enzymatic activity than non-carriers (13.69 µmol/l/h versus 11.93 µmol/l/h, P = 0.002). In patients with idiopathic Parkinson's, higher glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity was associated with longer disease duration (P = 0.002) in adjusted models, suggesting a milder disease course. We conclude that lower glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity is strongly associated with GBA mutations, and modestly with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The association of lower glucocerebrosidase activity in both GBA mutation carriers and Parkinson's patients without GBA mutations suggests that loss of glucocerebrosidase function contributes to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. High glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity in LRRK2 G2019S carriers may reflect a distinct pathogenic mechanism. Taken together, these data suggest that glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity could be a modifiable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy N Alcalay
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA 2 Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oren A Levy
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA 2 Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheryl C Waters
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stanley Fahn
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Blair Ford
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pietro Mazzoni
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- 3 Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the Department of Pediatrics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - William C Nichols
- 3 Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the Department of Pediatrics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- 4 Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- 4 Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wendy K Chung
- 5 Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pavlina Wolf
- 6 Global BioTherapeutics, Genzyme, a Sanofi company, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Petra Oliva
- 6 Global BioTherapeutics, Genzyme, a Sanofi company, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Joan Keutzer
- 6 Global BioTherapeutics, Genzyme, a Sanofi company, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA 2 Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA 7 Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaokui Zhang
- 6 Global BioTherapeutics, Genzyme, a Sanofi company, Framingham, MA, USA
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Rocha EM, Smith GA, Park E, Cao H, Brown E, Hallett P, Isacson O. Progressive decline of glucocerebrosidase in aging and Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:433-8. [PMID: 25909088 PMCID: PMC4402088 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The principal risk factor for developing most adult onset neurodegenerative diseases is aging, with incidence rising significantly after age 50. Despite research efforts, the causes of Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unknown. As neurons age, they show signs of diminished lysosomal and mitochondrial function, including increased oxidative stress and accumulation of misfolded proteins, and these changes become exacerbated PD. We show that activity of the lysosomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase gradually diminishes with age in the substantia nigra and putamen of healthy controls. This reduction is comparable to glucocerebrosidase activity in GBA1-mutation carrier PD patients. These data, demonstrate for the first time that an age-dependent reduction in glucocerebrosidase activity may lower the threshold for developing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Rocha
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts, 02478
| | - Gaynor A Smith
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts, 02478
| | - Eric Park
- Shire 300 Shire Way, Lexington, Massachusetts, 02421
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Shire 300 Shire Way, Lexington, Massachusetts, 02421
| | - Eilish Brown
- Shire 300 Shire Way, Lexington, Massachusetts, 02421
| | - Penelope Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts, 02478
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts, 02478
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Gan-Or Z, Amshalom I, Kilarski LL, Bar-Shira A, Gana-Weisz M, Mirelman A, Marder K, Bressman S, Giladi N, Orr-Urtreger A. Differential effects of severe vs mild GBA mutations on Parkinson disease. Neurology 2015; 84:880-7. [PMID: 25653295 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better define the genotype-phenotype correlations between the type of GBA (glucosidase, beta, acid) mutation, severe or mild, and the risk and age at onset (AAO), and potential mechanism of Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS We analyzed 1,000 patients of Ashkenazi-Jewish descent with PD for 7 founder GBA mutations, and conducted a meta-analysis of risk and AAO according to GBA genotype (severe or mild mutation). The meta-analysis included 11,453 patients with PD and 14,565 controls from worldwide populations. The statistical analysis was done with and without continuity correction (constant or empirical), considering biases that could potentially affect the results. RESULTS Among Ashkenazi-Jewish patients with PD, the odds ratios for PD were 2.2 and 10.3 for mild and severe GBA mutation carriers, respectively. The observed frequency of severe GBA mutation carriers among patients with PD was more than 4-fold than expected (4.4% vs 0.9%, respectively, p < 0.0001, Fisher exact test). In the different models of the meta-analysis, the odds ratios for PD ranged between 2.84 and 4.94 for mild GBA mutation carriers and 9.92 and 21.29 for severe GBA mutation carriers (p < 1 × 10(-6) for all analyses). Pooled analysis demonstrated AAO of 53.1 (±11.2) and 58.1 (±10.6) years for severe and mild GBA mutation carriers, respectively (p = 4.3 × 10(-5)). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that mild and severe heterozygous GBA mutations differentially affect the risk and the AAO of PD. Our results have important implications for genetic counseling and clinical follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Gan-Or
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Idan Amshalom
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laura L Kilarski
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anat Bar-Shira
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mali Gana-Weisz
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anat Mirelman
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Karen Marder
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Susan Bressman
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nir Giladi
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Avi Orr-Urtreger
- From The Genetic Institute (Z.G.-O., I.A., A.B.-S., M.G.-W., A.O.-R.) and Movement Disorders Unit, Parkinson Center, and Department of Neurology (A.M., N.G.), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine (N.G., A.O.-U.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Stroke and Dementia Research Centre (L.L.K.), St. George's, University of London, UK; Columbia University (K.M.), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York; and Beth Israel Medical Center (S.B.), New York, NY. Z.G.-O. is currently affiliated with the Department of Human Genetics and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Glucocerebrosidase gene mutations associated with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis in a Chinese population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115747. [PMID: 25535748 PMCID: PMC4275276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) confer susceptibility to Parkinson's disease in several ethnical populations, with a high incidence especially in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Although there are several studies that have investigated a similar association in a Chinese population, small sample sizes and few positive outcomes have made it difficult to obtain conclusive results from these individual studies. Therefore, the present study used a meta-analysis approach, pooling the appropriate data from published studies to investigate the association of GBA mutations and Parkinson's disease in a Chinese population. Nine studies containing 6536 Chinese subjects (3438 cases and 3098 healthy controls) and examining the GBA mutations of L444P, N370S and several other mutations were included. Review Manager 5.2 software was applied to analyze the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results showed a significant association of Parkinson's disease risk with overall GBA mutations (OR = 6.34, 95% CI = 3.77–10.68, p<0.00001), and with the subgroup of L444P mutation (OR = 11.68, 95% CI = 5.23–26.06, p<0.00001). No such association was observed for the subgroup with N370S mutation or other mutations, in part because of the small sample size or rare events. Thus, for the rare occurrence of GBA mutations, studies with larger sample size are necessary to minimize the sampling error and to obtain convincing results.
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Yu Z, Wang T, Xu J, Wang W, Wang G, Chen C, Zheng L, Pan L, Gong D, Li X, Qu H, Li F, Zhang B, Le W, Han F. Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene are responsible for Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease. J Hum Genet 2014; 60:85-90. [PMID: 25518742 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Pathological mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) have been suggested to be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in various ethnic populations. Most studies on Chinese PD patients have only screened the N370S and L444P mutations in the GBA gene. To investigate the GBA mutations in Chinese population, we performed complete sequencing of the GBA gene in 184 Chinese PD patients and 130 Chinese control individuals. As a result, we identified three novel and nine reported GBA mutations. The novel mutations include 5-bp deletion (c.334_338delCAGAA), L264I and L314V and the nine reported GBA mutations are R163Q, F213I, E326K, S364S, F347L, V375L, L444P, RecNciI and Q497R. The novel 5-bp deletion (CAGAA) produces a short truncated GBA protein of 142 amino acids, which loses major function domains of the 536 amino acids. Our data also reveals that the frequency of GBA mutations within this Chinese PD cohort was 8.7%, which is significantly higher than 1.54% observed in the Chinese control cohort (χ(2) = 7.22, P = 0.0072; odds ratio (OR) = 6.095, 95% confidence interval of OR = 1.546-24.030). The most common L444P mutation accounts 2.74%, which confer more genetic risk for PD in this Chinese population. In conclusion, novel and known GBA mutations were identified and were found to be associated to PD in this Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Xu
- 1] Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China [2] Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Li Pan
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Dianrong Gong
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Xueli Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Huaiqian Qu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bin Zhang
- Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Reijing Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fabin Han
- 1] Centre for Stem cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China [2] Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
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Glucocerebrosidase mutations in primary parkinsonism. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20:1215-20. [PMID: 25249066 PMCID: PMC4228056 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Mutations in the lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene increase the risk of Parkinson's Disease (PD). We determined the frequency and relative risk of major GBA mutations in a large series of Italian patients with primary parkinsonism. Methods We studied 2766 unrelated consecutive patients with clinical diagnosis of primary degenerative parkinsonism (including 2350 PD), and 1111 controls. The entire cohort was screened for mutations in GBA exons 9 and 10, covering approximately 70% of mutations, including the two most frequent defects, p.N370S and p.L444P. Results Four known mutations were identified in heterozygous state: 3 missense mutations (p.N370S, p.L444P, and p.D443N), and the splicing mutation IVS10+1G>T, which results in the in-frame exon-10 skipping. Molecular characterization of 2 additional rare variants, potentially interfering with splicing, suggested a neutral effect. GBA mutations were more frequent in PD (4.5%, RR = 7.2, CI = 3.3–15.3) and in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) (13.8%, RR = 21.9, CI = 6.8–70.7) than in controls (0.63%). but not in the other forms of parkinsonism such as Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP, 2%), and Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD, 0%). Considering only the PD group, GBA-carriers were younger at onset (52 ± 10 vs. 57 ± 10 years, P < 0.0001) and were more likely to have a positive family history of PD (34% vs. 20%, P < 0.001). Conclusion GBA dysfunction is relevant for synucleinopathies, such as PD and DLB, except for MSA, in which pathology involves oligodendrocytes, and the tauopathies PSP and CBD. The risk of developing DLB is three-fold higher than PD, suggesting a more aggressive phenotype. We screened a large case–control cohort with parkinsonism for common GBA mutations. GBA mutations in the Italian population are a risk factor for Lewy Bodies Diseases (PD and DLB). GBA mutations were not increased in the other forms of parkinsonism: PSP, CBD and MSA. GBA dysfunction does not seem to be involved in MSA and tauopathies.
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Swan M, Saunders-Pullman R. The association between ß-glucocerebrosidase mutations and parkinsonism. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2014; 13:368. [PMID: 23812893 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-013-0368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the ß-glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA), which encodes the lysosomal enzyme ß-glucocerebrosidase, have traditionally been implicated in Gaucher disease, an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. Yet the past two decades have yielded an explosion of epidemiological and basic-science evidence linking mutations in GBA with the development of Parkinson disease (PD) as well. Although the specific contribution of mutant GBA to the pathogenesis of parkinsonism remains unknown, evidence suggests that both loss of function and toxic gain of function by abnormal ß-glucocerebrosidase may be important, and implicates a close relationship between ß-glucocerebrosidase and α-synuclein. Furthermore, multiple lines of evidence suggest that although GBA-associated PD closely mimics idiopathic PD (IPD), it may present at a younger age, and is more frequently complicated by cognitive dysfunction. Understanding the clinical association between GBA and PD, and the relationship between ß-glucocerebrosidase and α-synuclein, may enhance understanding of the pathogenesis of IPD, improve prognostication and treatment of GBA carriers with parkinsonism, and furthermore inform therapies for IPD not due to GBA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Swan
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Medical Center, 10 Union Square East, Suite 5K, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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Deng H, Xiu X, Jankovic J. Genetic convergence of Parkinson's disease and lysosomal storage disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:1554-68. [PMID: 25099932 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by predominant degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the presence of intracellular inclusions enriched in α-synuclein, resulting in a variety motor and nonmotor symptoms. Lysosomal storage disorders are a group of disorders including Gaucher disease, Niemann-Pick disease, and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses caused by the defective activity of lysosomal and nonlysosomal proteins. In addition to an overlap in some clinical features between lysosomal storage disorders and Parkinson's disease, the two disorders may be also linked pathogenically. There is growing support for the notion that mutations in genes causing lysosomal storage disorders including the glucocerebrosidase gene, the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 gene, and the NPC1 gene may increase risk for developing Parkinson's disease. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the genetic convergence of Parkinson's disease and lysosomal storage disorders, shedding new light on the understanding of shared pathogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China,
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Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders are a group of about 50 rare metabolic diseases that result from defects in lysosomal function. The majority is recessively inherited and caused by mutations in genes encoding lysosomal proteins as the basis for its pathobiology. The lysosome plays a pivotal role in a cell's ability to recycle and degrade unwanted material. One of its functions relates to regulating iron levels throughout the body. Iron is a double-edged sword: It is absolutely required for an organism's survival, but high levels of iron quickly lead to cell death. In addition, recent results have put the lysosome on the map of pathways leading to common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. It is plausible that the mechanisms through which the lysosome acts in these diseases also involve iron and this would have significant implications in our understanding of the molecular etiology of these disorders.
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Clarimón J, Kulisevsky J. Parkinson's disease: from genetics to clinical practice. Curr Genomics 2014; 14:560-7. [PMID: 24532987 PMCID: PMC3924250 DOI: 10.2174/1389202914666131210212305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakthroughs in genetics over the last decade have radically advanced our understanding of the etiological basis
of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although much research remains to be done, the main genetic causes of this neurodegenerative
disorder are now partially unraveled, allowing us to feel more confident that our knowledge about the genetic architecture
of PD will continue to increase exponentially. How and when these discoveries will be introduced into general
clinical practice, however, remains uncertain. In this review, we provide a general summary of the progress in the genetics
of PD and discuss how this knowledge will contribute to the diagnosis and clinical management of patients with, or at risk
of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Clarimón
- Neurology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Neurology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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Mao X, Wang T, Peng R, Chang X, Li N, Gu Y, Zhao D, Liao Q, Liu M. Mutations in GBA and risk of Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis based on 25 case-control studies. Neurol Res 2013; 35:873-8. [PMID: 23676350 DOI: 10.1179/1743132813y.0000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueye Mao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueli Chang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingli Gu
- Department of NeurologyThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Nalls MA, Duran R, Lopez G, Kurzawa-Akanbi M, McKeith IG, Chinnery PF, Morris CM, Theuns J, Crosiers D, Cras P, Engelborghs S, De Deyn PP, Van Broeckhoven C, Mann DMA, Snowden J, Pickering-Brown S, Halliwell N, Davidson Y, Gibbons L, Harris J, Sheerin UM, Bras J, Hardy J, Clark L, Marder K, Honig LS, Berg D, Maetzler W, Brockmann K, Gasser T, Novellino F, Quattrone A, Annesi G, De Marco EV, Rogaeva E, Masellis M, Black SE, Bilbao JM, Foroud T, Ghetti B, Nichols WC, Pankratz N, Halliday G, Lesage S, Klebe S, Durr A, Duyckaerts C, Brice A, Giasson BI, Trojanowski JQ, Hurtig HI, Tayebi N, Landazabal C, Knight MA, Keller M, Singleton AB, Wolfsberg TG, Sidransky E. A multicenter study of glucocerebrosidase mutations in dementia with Lewy bodies. JAMA Neurol 2013; 70:727-35. [PMID: 23588557 PMCID: PMC3841974 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE While mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) are associated with an increased risk for Parkinson disease (PD), it is important to establish whether such mutations are also a common risk factor for other Lewy body disorders. OBJECTIVE To establish whether GBA1 mutations are a risk factor for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). DESIGN We compared genotype data on patients and controls from 11 centers. Data concerning demographics, age at onset, disease duration, and clinical and pathological features were collected when available. We conducted pooled analyses using logistic regression to investigate GBA1 mutation carrier status as predicting DLB or PD with dementia status, using common control subjects as a reference group. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to account for additional heterogeneity. SETTING Eleven centers from sites around the world performing genotyping. PARTICIPANTS Seven hundred twenty-one cases met diagnostic criteria for DLB and 151 had PD with dementia. We compared these cases with 1962 controls from the same centers matched for age, sex, and ethnicity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Frequency of GBA1 mutations in cases and controls. RESULTS We found a significant association between GBA1 mutation carrier status and DLB, with an odds ratio of 8.28 (95% CI, 4.78-14.88). The odds ratio for PD with dementia was 6.48 (95% CI, 2.53-15.37). The mean age at diagnosis of DLB was earlier in GBA1 mutation carriers than in noncarriers (63.5 vs 68.9 years; P < .001), with higher disease severity scores. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Mutations in GBA1 are a significant risk factor for DLB. GBA1 mutations likely play an even larger role in the genetic etiology of DLB than in PD, providing insight into the role of glucocerebrosidase in Lewy body disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Zhang L, Quadri M, Guedes LC, Coelho M, Valadas A, Mestre T, Lobo PP, Rosa MM, Simons E, Oostra BA, Ferreira JJ, Bonifati V. Comprehensive LRRK2 and GBA screening in Portuguese patients with Parkinson's disease: identification of a new family with the LRRK2 p.Arg1441His mutation and novel missense variants. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2013; 19:897-900. [PMID: 23726462 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the LRRK2 and GBA genes are increasingly recognized as frequent determinants of familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, for several populations, accurate data on the prevalence and types of mutations are not available, because previous studies have not investigated the complete coding regions of these genes in large samples. We studied 312 PD patients ascertained at a single centre in Lisbon, Portugal. In 61 patients, with familial PD, we sequenced the entire open reading frames and exon-intron boundaries of LRRK2 and GBA. In LRRK2, we identified ten heterozygous p.Gly2019Ser (16.4%), and two heterozygous p.Arg1441His carriers (3.3%); furthermore, six patients each carried a novel LRRK2 heterozygous variant (five coding and one 3'-UTR variants) of undetermined pathogenic role. Segregation of the p.Arg1441His mutation with PD was observed in the families of both carriers. None of these variants were identified in 138 healthy controls. Screening of GBA revealed no mutations. In the remaining 251 PD patients (25 familial and 226 sporadic) we found ten additional carriers of the heterozygous p.Gly2019Ser and no carriers of the other mutations. Thus, the p.Gly2019Ser mutation was detected in a total number of 20 carriers out of 312 patients (6.4%), including twelve familial (14%) and eight sporadic patients (3.5%). This comprehensive study confirms that p.Gly2019Ser is the most important genetic cause of PD known so far in Portugal and supports the contention that p.Arg1441His is also a PD-causing mutation. These findings have relevance for the genetic testing and counseling of PD patients in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Barrett MJ, Giraldo P, Capablo JL, Alfonso P, Irun P, Garcia-Rodriguez B, Pocovi M, Pastores GM. Greater risk of parkinsonism associated with non-N370S GBA1 mutations. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013; 36:575-80. [PMID: 22968580 PMCID: PMC4102607 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in β-glucosidase (GBA1) are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). There is evidence to suggest that PD risk is greater (1) in GBA1 heterozygotes with non-N370S GBA1 mutations compared to N370S mutations and (2) in GD type 1 (GD1) patients compared to GBA1 heterozygotes. This study aimed to determine the comparative risk of parkinsonism in individuals who are affected or carriers of Gaucher disease (GD) and to ascertain the influence of different GBA1 mutations on risk/clinical expression. We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data assessing the prevalence of parkinsonism in a population of GD1 patients and their heterozygote and non-carrier family members. Two logistic regression models, both employing a family-specific random effect, were used to assess (1) the association between GBA1 mutation (N370S or non-N370S) and parkinsonism among GBA1 heterozygotes and (2) the association between GBA1 genotype and parkinsonism. Parkinsonism was present in 8.6 % of GD1 (7/81), 8.7 % of GBA1 heterozygotes (18/207), and 2.2 % of non-carriers (1/45). For those greater than 60 years old, parkinsonism was present in 38.5 % (5/13) of GD1 (5/13), 15.3 % of GBA1 heterozygotes (13/85), and 7.1 % of non-carriers (1/14). Among GBA1 heterozygotes, non-N370S mutations were associated with a significantly increased risk of parkinsonism compared to N370S (OR = 22.5; p = 0.035; 95%CI: 1.24, 411). In this population, each additional GBA1 mutation was associated with a non-significant two-fold increased risk of parkinsonism. GBA1 heterozygotes with non-N370S mutations associated with Gaucher disease have an increased risk of parkinsonism compared to those with N370S mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Barrett
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Medical Center, 10 Union Square East, Suite 5K, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - P. Giraldo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Translational Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. L. Capablo
- Neurology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P. Alfonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Translational Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P. Irun
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - B. Garcia-Rodriguez
- Translational Research Unit, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Pocovi
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G. M. Pastores
- Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Dermentzaki G, Dimitriou E, Xilouri M, Michelakakis H, Stefanis L. Loss of β-glucocerebrosidase activity does not affect alpha-synuclein levels or lysosomal function in neuronal cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60674. [PMID: 23580063 PMCID: PMC3620326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, a plethora of studies have provided evidence favoring an association between Gaucher disease (GD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). GD, the most common lysosomal storage disorder, results from the diminished activity of the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), caused by mutations in the β-glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA). Alpha-synuclein (ASYN), a presynaptic protein, has been strongly implicated in PD pathogenesis. ASYN may in part be degraded by the lysosomes and may itself aberrantly impact lysosomal function. Therefore, a putative link between deficient GCase and ASYN, involving lysosomal dysfunction, has been proposed to be responsible for the risk for PD conferred by GBA mutations. In this current work, we aimed to investigate the effects of pharmacological inhibition of GCase on ASYN accumulation/aggregation, as well as on lysosomal function, in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and in primary neuronal cultures. Following profound inhibition of the enzyme activity, we did not find significant alterations in ASYN levels, or any changes in the clearance or formation of its oligomeric species. We further observed no significant impairment of the lysosomal degradation machinery. These findings suggest that additional interaction pathways together with aberrant GCase and ASYN must govern this complex relation between GD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Dermentzaki
- Division of Basic Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Dimitriou
- Department of Enzymology and Cellular Function, Institute of Child Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Xilouri
- Division of Basic Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Michelakakis
- Department of Enzymology and Cellular Function, Institute of Child Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Division of Basic Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- * E-mail:
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Duran R, Mencacci NE, Angeli AV, Shoai M, Deas E, Houlden H, Mehta A, Hughes D, Cox TM, Deegan P, Schapira AH, Lees AJ, Limousin P, Jarman PR, Bhatia KP, Wood NW, Hardy J, Foltynie T. The glucocerobrosidase E326K variant predisposes to Parkinson's disease, but does not cause Gaucher's disease. Mov Disord 2013; 28:232-236. [PMID: 23225227 PMCID: PMC4208290 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the acid beta-glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene, responsible for the recessive lysosomal storage disorder, Gaucher's disease (GD), are the strongest known risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Our aim was to assess the contribution of GBA1 mutations in a series of early-onset PD. METHODS One hundred and eighty-five PD patients (with an onset age of ≤50) and 283 age-matched controls were screened for GBA1 mutations by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS We show that the frequency of GBA1 mutations is much higher in this patient series than in typical late-onset patient cohorts. Furthermore, our results reveal that the most prevalent PD-associated GBA1 mutation is E326K, a variant that does not, when homozygous, cause GD. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm recent reports that the mutation, E326K, predisposes to PD and suggest that, in addition to reduced GBA1 activity, other molecular mechanisms may contribute to the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Duran
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Niccolo E. Mencacci
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
,Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Aikaterini V. Angeli
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Emma Deas
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Atul Mehta
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Derralynn Hughes
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Timothy M. Cox
- Lysosomal Diseases Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Deegan
- Lysosomal Diseases Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony H. Schapira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrew J. Lees
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Paul R. Jarman
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kailash P. Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W. Wood
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Laboratories and Departments of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
,Correspondence to: Prof. John Hardy, Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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Mullin S, Schapira A. α-Synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 47:587-97. [PMID: 23361255 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (SNCA) is a substantive component of Lewy bodies, the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). The discovery and subsequent derivation of its role in PD has led to a suprising but fruitful convergence of the fields of biochemistry and molecular genetics. In particular, the manipulation of the cell lines of a number of forms of familial PD has implicated SNCA in distinct and diverse biochemical pathways related to its pathogenesis. This current and rapidly evolving concept indicates PD is a disease in which interacting pathways of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired regulation of protein turnover interact to cause dopaminergic cell dysfunction and death. SNCA has a central role in these processes and manipulation of its expression, degradation and aggregation appear to be promising neuroprotective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Mullin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UCL, Institute of Neurology, Royal Free Campus, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK.
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Wang Y, Liu L, Xiong J, Zhang X, Chen Z, Yu L, Chen C, Huang J, Zhang Z, Mohmed AA, Lin Z, Xiong N, Wang T. Glucocerebrosidase L444P mutation confers genetic risk for Parkinson's disease in central China. Behav Brain Funct 2012; 8:57. [PMID: 23227814 PMCID: PMC3538614 DOI: 10.1186/1744-9081-8-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations of the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene have reportedly been associated with Parkinson disease (PD) in various ethnic populations such as Singaporean, Japanese, Formosan, Canadian, American, Portuguese, Greek, Brazilian, British, Italian, Ashkenazi Jewish, southern and southwestern Chinese. The purpose of this study is to determine in central China whether or not the reported GBA mutations remain associated with PD. METHODS In this project, we conducted a controlled study in a cohort of 208 central Chinese PD patients and 298 controls for three known GBA mutations (L444P, N370S and R120W). RESULTS Our data reveals a significantly higher frequency of L444P mutation in GBA gene of PD cases (3.4%) compared with the controls (0.3%) (P = 0.007, OR = 10.34, 95% CI = 1.26 - 84.71). Specifically, the frequency of L444P mutation was higher in the late onset PD (LOPD) cases compared with that in control subjects. The N370S and R120W mutations were detected in neither the PD group nor the control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our observations demonstrated that the GBA L444P mutation confers genetic risk for PD, especially LOPD, among the population in the central China area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youpei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430022, China
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First pilot newborn screening for four lysosomal storage diseases in an Italian region: Identification and analysis of a putative causative mutation in the GBA gene. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1827-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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