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Herbert C. Brain-computer interfaces and human factors: the role of language and cultural differences-Still a missing gap? Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1305445. [PMID: 38665897 PMCID: PMC11043545 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1305445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim at the non-invasive investigation of brain activity for supporting communication and interaction of the users with their environment by means of brain-machine assisted technologies. Despite technological progress and promising research aimed at understanding the influence of human factors on BCI effectiveness, some topics still remain unexplored. The aim of this article is to discuss why it is important to consider the language of the user, its embodied grounding in perception, action and emotions, and its interaction with cultural differences in information processing in future BCI research. Based on evidence from recent studies, it is proposed that detection of language abilities and language training are two main topics of enquiry of future BCI studies to extend communication among vulnerable and healthy BCI users from bench to bedside and real world applications. In addition, cultural differences shape perception, actions, cognition, language and emotions subjectively, behaviorally as well as neuronally. Therefore, BCI applications should consider cultural differences in information processing to develop culture- and language-sensitive BCI applications for different user groups and BCIs, and investigate the linguistic and cultural contexts in which the BCI will be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Herbert
- Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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2
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Herbert C. Analyzing and computing humans by means of the brain using Brain-Computer Interfaces - understanding the user - previous evidence, self-relevance and the user's self-concept as potential superordinate human factors of relevance. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1286895. [PMID: 38435127 PMCID: PMC10904616 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1286895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are well-known instances of how technology can convert a user's brain activity taken from non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) into computer commands for the purpose of computer-assisted communication and interaction. However, not all users are attaining the accuracy required to use a BCI consistently, despite advancements in technology. Accordingly, previous research suggests that human factors could be responsible for the variance in BCI performance among users. Therefore, the user's internal mental states and traits including motivation, affect or cognition, personality traits, or the user's satisfaction, beliefs or trust in the technology have been investigated. Going a step further, this manuscript aims to discuss which human factors could be potential superordinate factors that influence BCI performance, implicitly, explicitly as well as inter- and intraindividually. Based on the results of previous studies that used comparable protocols to examine the motivational, affective, cognitive state or personality traits of healthy and vulnerable EEG-BCI users within and across well-investigated BCIs (P300-BCIs or SMR-BCIs, respectively), it is proposed that the self-relevance of tasks and stimuli and the user's self-concept provide a huge potential for BCI applications. As potential key human factors self-relevance and the user's self-concept (self-referential knowledge and beliefs about one's self) guide information processing and modulate the user's motivation, attention, or feelings of ownership, agency, and autonomy. Changes in the self-relevance of tasks and stimuli as well as self-referential processing related to one's self (self-concept) trigger changes in neurophysiological activity in specific brain networks relevant to BCI. Accordingly, concrete examples will be provided to discuss how past and future research could incorporate self-relevance and the user's self-concept in the BCI setting - including paradigms, user instructions, and training sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Herbert
- Department of Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Muller CO, Perrey S, Bakhti K, Muthalib M, Dray G, Xu B, Mottet D, Laffont I. Aging effects on electrical and hemodynamic responses in the sensorimotor network during unilateral proximal upper limb functional tasks. Behav Brain Res 2023; 443:114322. [PMID: 36731658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Healthy aging leads to poorer performance in upper limb (UL) daily living movements. Understanding the neural correlates linked with UL functional movements may help to better understand how healthy aging affects motor control. Two non-invasive neuroimaging methods allow for monitoring the movement-related brain activity: functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG), respectively based on the hemodynamic response and electrical activity of brain regions. Coupled, they provide a better spatiotemporal mapping. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of healthy aging on the bilateral sensorimotor (SM1) activation patterns of functional proximal UL movements. Twenty-one young and 21 old healthy participants realized two unilateral proximal UL movements during: i) a paced reaching target task and ii) a circular steering task to capture the speed-accuracy trade-off. Combined fNIRS-EEG system was synchronised with movement capture system to record SM1 activation while moving. The circular steering task performance was significantly lower for the older group. The rate of increase in hemodynamic response was longer in the older group with no difference on the amplitude of fNIRS signal for the two tasks. The EEG results showed aging related reduction of the alpha-beta rhythms synchronisation but no desynchronisation modification. In conclusion, this study uncovers the age-related changes in brain electrical and hemodynamic response patterns in the bilateral sensorimotor network during two functional proximal UL movements using two complementary neuroimaging methods. This opens up the possibility to utilise combined fNIRS-EEG for monitoring the movement-related neuroplasticity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O Muller
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France; Physical Rehabilitation and Medicine, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - S Perrey
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - K Bakhti
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France; Physical Rehabilitation and Medicine, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Clinical Research and Epidemiology unit, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M Muthalib
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France; Physical Rehabilitation and Medicine, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Silverline Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - G Dray
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - B Xu
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - D Mottet
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - I Laffont
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France; Physical Rehabilitation and Medicine, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Mesin L, Cipriani GE, Amanzio M. Electroencephalography-Based Brain-Machine Interfaces in Older Adults: A Literature Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040395. [PMID: 37106582 PMCID: PMC10136126 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging process is a multifaceted phenomenon that affects cognitive-affective and physical functioning as well as interactions with the environment. Although subjective cognitive decline may be part of normal aging, negative changes objectified as cognitive impairment are present in neurocognitive disorders and functional abilities are most impaired in patients with dementia. Electroencephalography-based brain-machine interfaces (BMI) are being used to assist older people in their daily activities and to improve their quality of life with neuro-rehabilitative applications. This paper provides an overview of BMI used to assist older adults. Both technical issues (detection of signals, extraction of features, classification) and application-related aspects with respect to the users' needs are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mesin
- Mathematical Biology and Physiology, Department Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Martina Amanzio
- Department of Psychology, Universitá di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
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Li R, Yang D, Fang F, Hong KS, Reiss AL, Zhang Y. Concurrent fNIRS and EEG for Brain Function Investigation: A Systematic, Methodology-Focused Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22155865. [PMID: 35957421 PMCID: PMC9371171 DOI: 10.3390/s22155865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) stand as state-of-the-art techniques for non-invasive functional neuroimaging. On a unimodal basis, EEG has poor spatial resolution while presenting high temporal resolution. In contrast, fNIRS offers better spatial resolution, though it is constrained by its poor temporal resolution. One important merit shared by the EEG and fNIRS is that both modalities have favorable portability and could be integrated into a compatible experimental setup, providing a compelling ground for the development of a multimodal fNIRS-EEG integration analysis approach. Despite a growing number of studies using concurrent fNIRS-EEG designs reported in recent years, the methodological reference of past studies remains unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, this review critically summarizes the status of analysis methods currently used in concurrent fNIRS-EEG studies, providing an up-to-date overview and guideline for future projects to conduct concurrent fNIRS-EEG studies. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science through 31 August 2021. After screening and qualification assessment, 92 studies involving concurrent fNIRS-EEG data recordings and analyses were included in the final methodological review. Specifically, three methodological categories of concurrent fNIRS-EEG data analyses, including EEG-informed fNIRS analyses, fNIRS-informed EEG analyses, and parallel fNIRS-EEG analyses, were identified and explained with detailed description. Finally, we highlighted current challenges and potential directions in concurrent fNIRS-EEG data analyses in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihui Li
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Dalin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan 43241, Korea
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 4515 McKinley Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Feng Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan 43241, Korea
| | - Allan L. Reiss
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
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6
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Zheng Y, Tian B, Zhuang Z, Zhang Y, Wang D. fNIRS-based adaptive visuomotor task improves sensorimotor cortical activation. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 35853431 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac823f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigating how to promote the functional activation of the central sensorimotor system is an important goal in the neurorehabilitation research domain. We aim to validate the effectiveness of facilitating cortical excitability using a closed-loop visuomotor task, in which the task difficulty is adaptively adjusted based on an individual's sensorimotor cortical activation. APPROACH We developed a novel visuomotor task, in which subjects moved a handle of a haptic device along a specific path while exerting a constant force against a virtual surface under visual feedback. The difficulty levels of the task were adapted with the aim of increasing the activation of sensorimotor areas, measured non-invasively by functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The changes in brain activation of the bilateral prefrontal cortex, sensorimotor cortex, and the occipital cortex obtained during the adaptive visuomotor task (adaptive group), were compared to the brain activation pattern elicited by the same duration of task with random difficulties in a control group. MAIN RESULTS During one intervention session, the adaptive group showed significantly increased activation in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex, also enhanced effective connectivity between the prefrontal and sensorimotor areas compared to the control group. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrated that the fNIRS-based adaptive visuomotor task with high ecological validity can facilitate the neural activity in sensorimotor areas and thus has the potential to improve hand motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Zheng
- Beihang University, State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191, Beijing, 100191, CHINA
| | - Bohao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191, Beijing, 100191, CHINA
| | - Zhiqi Zhuang
- Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191, Beijing, 100191, CHINA
| | - Yuru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191, Beijing, 100191, CHINA
| | - Dangxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191, Beijing, 100191, CHINA
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Le Franc S, Herrera Altamira G, Guillen M, Butet S, Fleck S, Lécuyer A, Bougrain L, Bonan I. Toward an Adapted Neurofeedback for Post-stroke Motor Rehabilitation: State of the Art and Perspectives. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:917909. [PMID: 35911589 PMCID: PMC9332194 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.917909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a severe health issue, and motor recovery after stroke remains an important challenge in the rehabilitation field. Neurofeedback (NFB), as part of a brain–computer interface, is a technique for modulating brain activity using on-line feedback that has proved to be useful in motor rehabilitation for the chronic stroke population in addition to traditional therapies. Nevertheless, its use and applications in the field still leave unresolved questions. The brain pathophysiological mechanisms after stroke remain partly unknown, and the possibilities for intervention on these mechanisms to promote cerebral plasticity are limited in clinical practice. In NFB motor rehabilitation, the aim is to adapt the therapy to the patient’s clinical context using brain imaging, considering the time after stroke, the localization of brain lesions, and their clinical impact, while taking into account currently used biomarkers and technical limitations. These modern techniques also allow a better understanding of the physiopathology and neuroplasticity of the brain after stroke. We conducted a narrative literature review of studies using NFB for post-stroke motor rehabilitation. The main goal was to decompose all the elements that can be modified in NFB therapies, which can lead to their adaptation according to the patient’s context and according to the current technological limits. Adaptation and individualization of care could derive from this analysis to better meet the patients’ needs. We focused on and highlighted the various clinical and technological components considering the most recent experiments. The second goal was to propose general recommendations and enhance the limits and perspectives to improve our general knowledge in the field and allow clinical applications. We highlighted the multidisciplinary approach of this work by combining engineering abilities and medical experience. Engineering development is essential for the available technological tools and aims to increase neuroscience knowledge in the NFB topic. This technological development was born out of the real clinical need to provide complementary therapeutic solutions to a public health problem, considering the actual clinical context of the post-stroke patient and the practical limits resulting from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Le Franc
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Hybrid Team, Inria, University of Rennes, Irisa, UMR CNRS 6074, Rennes, France
- *Correspondence: Salomé Le Franc,
| | | | - Maud Guillen
- Hybrid Team, Inria, University of Rennes, Irisa, UMR CNRS 6074, Rennes, France
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Simon Butet
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Empenn Unit U1228, Inserm, Inria, University of Rennes, Irisa, UMR CNRS 6074, Rennes, France
| | - Stéphanie Fleck
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LORIA, Nancy, France
- EA7312 Laboratoire de Psychologie Ergonomique et Sociale pour l’Expérience Utilisateurs (PERSEUS), Metz, France
| | - Anatole Lécuyer
- Hybrid Team, Inria, University of Rennes, Irisa, UMR CNRS 6074, Rennes, France
| | | | - Isabelle Bonan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Empenn Unit U1228, Inserm, Inria, University of Rennes, Irisa, UMR CNRS 6074, Rennes, France
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Yeung MK, Chu VW. Viewing neurovascular coupling through the lens of combined EEG-fNIRS: A systematic review of current methods. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14054. [PMID: 35357703 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling is a key physiological mechanism that occurs in the healthy human brain, and understanding this process has implications for understanding the aging and neuropsychiatric populations. Combined electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a promising, noninvasive tool for probing neurovascular interactions in humans. However, the utility of this approach critically depends on the methodological quality used for multimodal integration. Despite a growing number of combined EEG-fNIRS applications reported in recent years, the methodological rigor of past studies remains unclear, limiting the accurate interpretation of reported findings and hindering the translational application of this multimodal approach. To fill this knowledge gap, we critically evaluated various methodological aspects of previous combined EEG-fNIRS studies performed in healthy individuals. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and PsycINFO on June 28, 2021. Studies involving concurrent EEG and fNIRS measurements in awake and healthy individuals were selected. After screening and eligibility assessment, 96 studies were included in the methodological evaluation. Specifically, we critically reviewed various aspects of participant sampling, experimental design, signal acquisition, data preprocessing, outcome selection, data analysis, and results presentation reported in these studies. Altogether, we identified several notable strengths and limitations of the existing EEG-fNIRS literature. In light of these limitations and the features of combined EEG-fNIRS, recommendations are made to improve and standardize research practices to facilitate the use of combined EEG-fNIRS when studying healthy neurovascular coupling processes and alterations in neurovascular coupling among various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Yeung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian W Chu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Grazia A, Wimmer M, Müller-Putz GR, Wriessnegger SC. Neural Suppression Elicited During Motor Imagery Following the Observation of Biological Motion From Point-Light Walker Stimuli. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:788036. [PMID: 35069155 PMCID: PMC8779203 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.788036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Advantageous effects of biological motion (BM) detection, a low-perceptual mechanism that allows the rapid recognition and understanding of spatiotemporal characteristics of movement via salient kinematics information, can be amplified when combined with motor imagery (MI), i.e., the mental simulation of motor acts. According to Jeannerod's neurostimulation theory, asynchronous firing and reduction of mu and beta rhythm oscillations, referred to as suppression over the sensorimotor area, are sensitive to both MI and action observation (AO) of BM. Yet, not many studies investigated the use of BM stimuli using combined AO-MI tasks. In this study, we assessed the neural response in the form of event-related synchronization and desynchronization (ERD/S) patterns following the observation of point-light-walkers and concordant MI, as compared to MI alone. Methods: Twenty right-handed healthy participants accomplished the experimental task by observing BM stimuli and subsequently performing the same movement using kinesthetic MI (walking, cycling, and jumping conditions). We recorded an electroencephalogram (EEG) with 32 channels and performed time-frequency analysis on alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (18-24 Hz) frequency bands during the MI task. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to test statistical significance among conditions and electrodes of interest. Results: The results revealed significant ERD/S patterns in the alpha frequency band between conditions and electrode positions. Post hoc comparisons showed significant differences between condition 1 (walking) and condition 3 (jumping) over the left primary motor cortex. For the beta band, a significantly less difference in ERD patterns (p < 0.01) was detected only between condition 3 (jumping) and condition 4 (reference). Discussion: Our results confirmed that the observation of BM combined with MI elicits a neural suppression, although just in the case of jumping. This is in line with previous findings of AO and MI (AOMI) eliciting a neural suppression for simulated whole-body movements. In the last years, increasing evidence started to support the integration of AOMI training as an adjuvant neurorehabilitation tool in Parkinson's disease (PD). Conclusion: We concluded that using BM stimuli in AOMI training could be promising, as it promotes attention to kinematic features and imitative motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Grazia
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Rostock-Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Michael Wimmer
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot R. Müller-Putz
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Selina C. Wriessnegger
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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Abstract
Abstract
Neurofeedback (NF) is a versatile non-invasive neuromodulation technique. In combination with motor imagery (MI), NF has considerable potential for enhancing motor performance or supplementing motor rehabilitation. However, not all users achieve reliable NF control. While research has focused on various brain signal properties and the optimisation of signal processing to solve this issue, the impact of context, i.e. the conditions in which NF motor tasks occur, is comparatively unknown. We review current research on the impact of context on MI NF and related motor domains. We identify long-term factors that act at the level of the individual or of the intervention, and short-term factors, with levels before/after and during a session. The reviewed literature indicates that context plays a significant role. We propose considering context factors as well as within-level and across-level interactions when studying MI NF.
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Gu X, Yang B, Gao S, Yan LF, Xu D, Wang W. Application of bi-modal signal in the classification and recognition of drug addiction degree based on machine learning. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:6926-6940. [PMID: 34517564 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most studies on drug addiction degree are made based on statistical scales, addicts' account, and subjective judgement of rehabilitation doctors. No objective, quantified evaluation has been made. This paper uses devises the synchronous bimodal signal collection and experimentation paradigm with electroencephalogram (EEG) and forehead high-density near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device. The drug addicts are classified into mild, moderate and severe groups with reference to the suggestions of researchers and medical experts. Data of 45 drug addicts (mild: 15; moderate: 15; and severe: 15) is collected, and then used to design an addiction degree testing algorithm based on decision fusion. The algorithm is used to classify mild, moderate and severe addiction. This paper pioneers to use two types of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to abstract the EEG and NIR data of drug addicts, and introduces batch normalization to CNN, thus accelerating training process, reducing parameter sensitivity, and enhancing system robustness. The characteristics output by two CNNs are transformed into dimensions. Two new characteristics are assigned with a weight of 50% each. The data is used for decision fusion. In the networks, 27 subjects are used as training sets, 9 as validation sets, and 9 as testing sets. The 3-class accuracy remains to be 63.15%, preliminarily justifying this method as an effective approach to measure drug addiction degree. And the method is ready to use, objective, and offers results in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Gu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Banghua Yang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shouwei Gao
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lin Feng Yan
- Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Ding Xu
- Shanghai Drug Rehabilitation Administration Bureau, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
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13
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Yeung MK, Chan AS. A Systematic Review of the Application of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to the Study of Cerebral Hemodynamics in Healthy Aging. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 31:139-166. [PMID: 32959167 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that healthy aging is associated with functional brain deterioration that preferentially affects the prefrontal cortex. This article reviews the application of an alternative method, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), to the study of age-related changes in cerebral hemodynamics and factors that influence cerebral hemodynamics in the elderly population. We conducted literature searches in PudMed and PsycINFO, and selected only English original research articles that used fNIRS to study healthy individuals with a mean age of ≥ 55 years. All articles were published in peer-reviewed journals between 1977 and May 2019. We synthesized 114 fNIRS studies examining hemodynamic changes that occurred in the resting state and during the tasks of sensation and perception, motor control, semantic processing, word retrieval, attentional shifting, inhibitory control, memory, and emotion and motivation in healthy older adults. This review, which was not registered in a registry, reveals an age-related reduction in resting-state cerebral oxygenation and connectivity in the prefrontal cortex. It also shows that aging is associated with a reduction in functional hemispheric asymmetry and increased compensatory activity in the frontal lobe across multiple task domains. In addition, this article describes the beneficial effects of healthy lifestyles and the detrimental effects of cardiovascular disease risk factors on brain functioning among nondemented older adults. Limitations of this review include exclusion of gray and non-English literature and lack of meta-analysis. Altogether, the fNIRS literature provides some support for various neurocognitive aging theories derived from task-based PET and fMRI studies. Because fNIRS is relatively motion-tolerant and environmentally unconstrained, it is a promising tool for fostering the development of aging biomarkers and antiaging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Yeung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Agnes S Chan
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Chanwuyi Research Center for Neuropsychological Well-being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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14
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Nagels-Coune L, Benitez-Andonegui A, Reuter N, Lührs M, Goebel R, De Weerd P, Riecke L, Sorger B. Brain-Based Binary Communication Using Spatiotemporal Features of fNIRS Responses. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:113. [PMID: 32351371 PMCID: PMC7174771 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
“Locked-in” patients lose their ability to communicate naturally due to motor system dysfunction. Brain-computer interfacing offers a solution for their inability to communicate by enabling motor-independent communication. Straightforward and convenient in-session communication is essential in clinical environments. The present study introduces a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based binary communication paradigm that requires limited preparation time and merely nine optodes. Eighteen healthy participants performed two mental imagery tasks, mental drawing and spatial navigation, to answer yes/no questions during one of two auditorily cued time windows. Each of the six questions was answered five times, resulting in five trials per answer. This communication paradigm thus combines both spatial (two different mental imagery tasks, here mental drawing for “yes” and spatial navigation for “no”) and temporal (distinct time windows for encoding a “yes” and “no” answer) fNIRS signal features for information encoding. Participants’ answers were decoded in simulated real-time using general linear model analysis. Joint analysis of all five encoding trials resulted in an average accuracy of 66.67 and 58.33% using the oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin signal respectively. For half of the participants, an accuracy of 83.33% or higher was reached using either the HbO signal or the HbR signal. For four participants, effective communication with 100% accuracy was achieved using either the HbO or HbR signal. An explorative analysis investigated the differentiability of the two mental tasks based solely on spatial fNIRS signal features. Using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) group single-trial accuracies of 58.33% (using 20 training trials per task) and 60.56% (using 40 training trials per task) could be obtained. Combining the five trials per run using a majority voting approach heightened these MVPA accuracies to 62.04 and 75%. Additionally, an fNIRS suitability questionnaire capturing participants’ physical features was administered to explore its predictive value for evaluating general data quality. Obtained questionnaire scores correlated significantly (r = -0.499) with the signal-to-noise of the raw light intensities. While more work is needed to further increase decoding accuracy, this study shows the potential of answer encoding using spatiotemporal fNIRS signal features or spatial fNIRS signal features only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurien Nagels-Coune
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,University Psychiatric Centre Sint-Kamillus, Bierbeek, Belgium
| | - Amaia Benitez-Andonegui
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Niels Reuter
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Goebel
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Brain Innovation B.V., Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Peter De Weerd
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lars Riecke
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bettina Sorger
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
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15
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Li R, Zhao C, Wang C, Wang J, Zhang Y. Enhancing fNIRS Analysis Using EEG Rhythmic Signatures: An EEG-Informed fNIRS Analysis Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 67:2789-2797. [PMID: 32031925 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.2971679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling represents the relationship between changes in neuronal activity and cerebral hemodynamics. Concurrent Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) recording and integration analysis has emerged as a promising multi-modal neuroimaging approach to study the neurovascular coupling as it provides complementary properties with regard to high temporal and moderate spatial resolution of brain activity. In this study we developed an EEG-informed-fNIRS analysis framework to investigate the neuro-correlate between neuronal activity and cerebral hemodynamics by identifying specific EEG rhythmic modulations which contribute to the improvement of the fNIRS-based general linear model (GLM) analysis. Specifically, frequency-specific regressors derived from EEG were used to construct design matrices to guide the GLM analysis of the fNIRS signals collected during a hand grasp task. Our results showed that the EEG-informed fNIRS GLM analysis, especially the alpha and beta band, revealed significantly higher sensitivity and specificity in localizing the task-evoked regions compared to the canonical boxcar model, demonstrating the strong correlations between hemodynamic response and EEG rhythmic modulations. Results also indicated that analysis based on the deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR) signal slightly outperformed the oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO)-based analysis. The findings in our study not only validate the feasibility of enhancing fNIRS GLM analysis using simultaneously recorded EEG signals, but also provide a new perspective to study the neurovascular coupling of brain activity.
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16
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Daeglau M, Zich C, Emkes R, Welzel J, Debener S, Kranczioch C. Investigating Priming Effects of Physical Practice on Motor Imagery-Induced Event-Related Desynchronization. Front Psychol 2020; 11:57. [PMID: 32116896 PMCID: PMC7012900 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For motor imagery (MI) to be effective, an internal representation of the to-be-imagined movement may be required. A representation can be achieved through prior motor execution (ME), but the neural correlates of MI that are primed by ME practice are currently unknown. In this study, young healthy adults performed MI practice of a unimanual visuo-motor task (Group MI, n = 19) or ME practice combined with subsequent MI practice (Group ME&MI, n = 18) while electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. Data analysis focused on the MI-induced event-related desynchronization (ERD). Specifically, changes in the ERD and movement times (MT) between a short familiarization block of ME (Block pre-ME), conducted before the MI or the ME combined with MI practice phase, and a short block of ME conducted after the practice phase (Block post-ME) were analyzed. Neither priming effects of ME practice on MI-induced ERD were found nor performance-enhancing effects of MI practice in general. We found enhancements of the ERD and MT in Block post-ME compared to Block pre-ME, but only for Group ME&MI. A comparison of ME performance measures before and after the MI phase indicated however that these changes could not be attributed to the combination of ME and MI practice. The mixed results of this study may be a consequence of the considerable intra- and inter-individual differences in the ERD, introduced by specifics of the experimental setup, in particular the individual and variable task duration, and suggest that task and experimental setup can affect the interplay of ME and MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Daeglau
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Catharina Zich
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Reiner Emkes
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Julius Welzel
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Debener
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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17
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Białkowska J, Mroczkowska D, Wickland-Białkowska M. The use of EEG biofeedback to improve memory, concentration, attention and reduce emotional tension. REHABILITACJA MEDYCZNA 2019. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofeedback is a method of giving patients computerised feedback signals about changes in the physiological state of their body. This allows them to learn how to consciously modify functions not controlled consciously. This method allows active and conscious involvement of the patient in controlling their own physiological processes. The therapy aims to regulate the frequency of human brain waves. The human brain produces different ranges of waves that are characteristic of different types of human activity, a mechanism used in this method. The use of this method in routine rehabilitation with a specifically designed computer programme provides physicians, physiotherapists, neuropsychologists and speech therapists with a new tool for treatment, opportunities for improvement in treatment, and helps them better plan and develop treatment strategies using Evidence-Based Medicine. The aim of the work is to discuss how EEG Biofeedback software can be applied in neurorehabilitation and to discuss the use of EEG Biofeedback software in order to improve memory, concentration, attention, reduce emotional tension, increase resistance to stress, improve self-control, self-esteem and relaxation.
Key words
EEG biofeedback, neurorehabilitation, computer software in rehabilitation
Article received: 14.01.2019; Accepted: 17.09.2019
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Białkowska
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Clinical University Hospital in Olsztyn, Poland / Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Collegium Medicum. Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
| | - Dorota Mroczkowska
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Clinical University Hospital in Olsztyn, Poland / Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Collegium Medicum. Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
| | - Martyna Wickland-Białkowska
- Voivodeship Specialist Children’s Hospital in Olsztyn, Poland / Wojewódzki Specjalistyczny Szpital Dziecięcy w Olsztynie
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18
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Age-related differences in the within-session trainability of hemodynamic parameters: a near-infrared spectroscopy–based neurofeedback study. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 81:127-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Hu Z, Zhang J, Zhang L, Xiang YT, Yuan Z. Linking brain activation to topological organization in the frontal lobe as a synergistic indicator to characterize the difference between various cognitive processes of executive functions. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:025008. [PMID: 31172018 PMCID: PMC6537479 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.2.025008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Executive functions (EFs) associated with the frontal lobe are vital for goal-orientated behavior. To date, limited efforts have been made to examine the relationships among the behavior, brain activation, and topological organization of functional networks in the frontal lobe underlying various EF tasks, including inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. In this study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging technique was used to systematically inspect the differences in the brain activation and the topological organization of brain networks between various EF tasks in the frontal lobe. In addition, the relationships between brain activation/network properties and task performances and the relationships between brain activation and network properties were, respectively, examined for different EF tasks. Consequently, we have discovered that the nodal and global properties of the resting-state and task-evoked networks, respectively, exhibited significant correlations with the activation of various brain regions during various EF tasks. In particular, the measure that links the neural activation to the topological organization of the brain networks in the frontal lobe can serve as a synergistic indicator to examine the difference between various EF tasks, which paves a way toward a comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanism underlying EFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Hu
- University of Macau, Faculty of Health Sciences, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- University of Macau, Faculty of Education, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lingyan Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of China Southern Medical University, Department of Radiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- University of Macau, Faculty of Health Sciences, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- University of Macau, Faculty of Health Sciences, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
- Address all correspondence to Zhen Yuan, E-mail:
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20
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Meekes J, Debener S, Zich C, Bleichner MG, Kranczioch C. Does Fractional Anisotropy Predict Motor Imagery Neurofeedback Performance in Healthy Older Adults? Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:69. [PMID: 30873015 PMCID: PMC6403184 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery neurofeedback training has been proposed as a potential add-on therapy for motor impairment after stroke, but not everyone benefits from it. Previous work has used white matter integrity to predict motor imagery neurofeedback aptitude in healthy young adults. We set out to test this approach with motor imagery neurofeedback that is closer to that used for stroke rehabilitation and in a sample whose age is closer to that of typical stroke patients. Using shrinkage linear discriminant analysis with fractional anisotropy values in 48 white matter regions as predictors, we predicted whether each participant in a sample of 21 healthy older adults (48–77 years old) was a good or a bad performer with 84.8% accuracy. However, the regions used for prediction in our sample differed from those identified previously, and previously suggested regions did not yield significant prediction in our sample. Including demographic and cognitive variables which may correlate with motor imagery neurofeedback performance and white matter structure as candidate predictors revealed an association with age but also led to loss of statistical significance and somewhat poorer prediction accuracy (69.6%). Our results suggest cast doubt on the feasibility of predicting the benefit of motor imagery neurofeedback from fractional anisotropy. At the very least, such predictions should be based on data collected using the same paradigm and with subjects whose characteristics match those of the target case as closely as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Meekes
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Debener
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Catharina Zich
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Center for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martin G Bleichner
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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21
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Hong J, Qin X, Li J, Niu J, Wang W. Signal processing algorithms for motor imagery brain-computer interface: State of the art. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-181309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiansheng Qin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junlong Niu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
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22
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Alves SS, Ocamoto GN, de Camargo PS, Santos ATS, Terra AMSV. Effects of virtual reality and motor imagery techniques using Fugl Meyer Assessment scale in post-stroke patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2018.25.11.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suélen Santos Alves
- Physiotherapist, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nagai Ocamoto
- Physiotherapist, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Silva de Camargo
- Physiotherapist, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Teresa Silva Santos
- Teacher, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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23
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Liu N, Yu X, Yao L, Zhao X. Mapping the Cortical Network Arising From Up-Regulated Amygdaloidal Activation Using -Louvain Algorithm. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2018; 26:1169-1177. [PMID: 29877841 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2018.2838075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala plays an important role in emotion processing. Several studies have proved that its activation can be regulated by real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI)-based neurofeedback training. However, although studies have found brain regions that are functionally closely connected to the amygdala in the cortex, it is not clear whether these brain regions and the amygdala are structurally closely connected, and if they show the same training effect as the amygdala in the process of emotional regulation. In this paper, we instructed subjects to up-regulate the activation of the left amygdala (LA) through rtfMRI-based neurofeedback training. In order to fuse multimodal imaging data, we introduced a network analysis method called the -Louvain clustering algorithm. This method was used to integrate multimodal data from the training experiment and construct an LA-cortical network. Correlation analysis and main-effect analysis were conducted to determine the signal covariance associated with the activation of the target area; ultimately, we identified the left temporal pole superior as the amygdaloidal-cortical network region. As a deep nucleus in the brain, the treatment and stimulation of the amygdala remains challenging. Our results provide new insights for the regulation of activation in a deep nucleus using more neurofeedback techniques.
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24
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Rupawala M, Dehghani H, Lucas SJE, Tino P, Cruse D. Shining a Light on Awareness: A Review of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness. Front Neurol 2018; 9:350. [PMID: 29872420 PMCID: PMC5972220 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Qualitative clinical assessments of the recovery of awareness after severe brain injury require an assessor to differentiate purposeful behavior from spontaneous behavior. As many such behaviors are minimal and inconsistent, behavioral assessments are susceptible to diagnostic errors. Advanced neuroimaging tools can bypass behavioral responsiveness and reveal evidence of covert awareness and cognition within the brains of some patients, thus providing a means for more accurate diagnoses, more accurate prognoses, and, in some instances, facilitated communication. The majority of reports to date have employed the neuroimaging methods of functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and electroencephalography (EEG). However, each neuroimaging method has its own advantages and disadvantages (e.g., signal resolution, accessibility, etc.). Here, we describe a burgeoning technique of non-invasive optical neuroimaging—functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)—and review its potential to address the clinical challenges of prolonged disorders of consciousness. We also outline the potential for simultaneous EEG to complement the fNIRS signal and suggest the future directions of research that are required in order to realize its clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rupawala
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Physical Sciences for Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Physical Sciences for Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Tino
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Damian Cruse
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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25
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Chuang CH, Cao Z, King JT, Wu BS, Wang YK, Lin CT. Brain Electrodynamic and Hemodynamic Signatures Against Fatigue During Driving. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:181. [PMID: 29636658 PMCID: PMC5881157 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is likely to be gradually cumulated in a prolonged and attention-demanding task that may adversely affect task performance. To address the brain dynamics during a driving task, this study recruited 16 subjects to participate in an event-related lane-departure driving experiment. Each subject was instructed to maintain attention and task performance throughout an hour-long driving experiment. The subjects' brain electrodynamics and hemodynamics were simultaneously recorded via 32-channel electroencephalography (EEG) and 8-source/16-detector functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The behavior performance demonstrated that all subjects were able to promptly respond to lane-deviation events, even if the sign of fatigue arose in the brain, which suggests that the subjects were fighting fatigue during the driving experiment. The EEG event-related analysis showed strengthening alpha suppression in the occipital cortex, a common brain region of fatigue. Furthermore, we noted increasing oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) of the brain to fight driving fatigue in the frontal cortex, primary motor cortex, parieto-occipital cortex and supplementary motor area. In conclusion, the increasing neural activity and cortical activations were aimed at maintaining driving performance when fatigue emerged. The electrodynamic and hemodynamic signatures of fatigue fighting contribute to our understanding of the brain dynamics of driving fatigue and address driving safety issues through the maintenance of attention and behavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsiang Chuang
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Zehong Cao
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tai King
- Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Syun Wu
- Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Wang
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Chin-Teng Lin
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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26
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Marusic U, Grosprêtre S. Non-physical approaches to counteract age-related functional deterioration: Applications for rehabilitation and neural mechanisms. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 18:639-649. [PMID: 29557276 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1447018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Normal and pathological ageing are associated with several motor impairments that reduce quality of life and represent a general challenge for public healthcare systems. Consequently, over the past decades, many scientists and physiotherapists dedicated their research to the development and improvement of safe and costless methods to counteract the progressive decline of motor functions with age. The urgency of finding new and easy to implement methods is even more paramount in case of acute pathologies (e.g. stroke or hip surgery). The frailty of older population makes it difficult or even impossible to use traditional physical therapy at an early stage after the occurrence of a pathology. To that purpose, non-physical approaches such as cognitive training (e.g. memory, attention training) and mental techniques (e.g. motor imagery) have grown in popularity for the elderly. Such methods, involving individual and/or group exercises, have shown particular effects on increasing or maintaining cognitive functions, as well as physical performances. Improving the motor function (especially in older age) requires an improvement of motor execution, i.e. the pathway from the brain motor areas to the muscle but also higher cognitive control. The present work reviews different non-physical interventions that can be used as a complementary approach by asymptomatic or frail older adults, and the effects thereof on functional performance. The use of cognitive training or motor imagery protocols is recommended when physical practice is limited or not possible. Finally, insights into the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Marusic
- a Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper , Koper , Slovenia (EU).,b Department of Health Sciences , Alma Mater Europaea - ECM , Maribor , Slovenia (EU).,c Department of Kinesiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Primorska , Izola , Slovenia (EU)
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- d EA4660, C3S Culture Sport Health Society, Université de Franche - Comté , Besançon , France (EU)
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27
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Zich C, Debener S, Schweinitz C, Sterr A, Meekes J, Kranczioch C. High-Intensity Chronic Stroke Motor Imagery Neurofeedback Training at Home: Three Case Reports. Clin EEG Neurosci 2017; 48:403-412. [PMID: 28677413 DOI: 10.1177/1550059417717398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) with neurofeedback has been suggested as promising for motor recovery after stroke. Evidence suggests that regular training facilitates compensatory plasticity, but frequent training is difficult to integrate into everyday life. Using a wireless electroencephalogram (EEG) system, we implemented a frequent and efficient neurofeedback training at the patients' home. Aiming to overcome maladaptive changes in cortical lateralization patterns we presented a visual feedback, representing the degree of contralateral sensorimotor cortical activity and the degree of sensorimotor cortex lateralization. Three stroke patients practiced every other day, over a period of 4 weeks. Training-related changes were evaluated on behavioral, functional, and structural levels. All 3 patients indicated that they enjoyed the training and were highly motivated throughout the entire training regime. EEG activity induced by MI of the affected hand became more lateralized over the course of training in all three patients. The patient with a significant functional change also showed increased white matter integrity as revealed by diffusion tensor imaging, and a substantial clinical improvement of upper limb motor functions. Our study provides evidence that regular, home-based practice of MI neurofeedback has the potential to facilitate cortical reorganization and may also increase associated improvements of upper limb motor function in chronic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Zich
- 1 Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,2 Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefan Debener
- 1 Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,3 Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,4 Research Center Neurosensory Systems, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Clara Schweinitz
- 1 Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Annette Sterr
- 5 Brain and Behaviour Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Joost Meekes
- 1 Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- 1 Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,4 Research Center Neurosensory Systems, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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28
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Zich C, Harty S, Kranczioch C, Mansfield KL, Sella F, Debener S, Cohen Kadosh R. Modulating hemispheric lateralization by brain stimulation yields gain in mental and physical activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13430. [PMID: 29044223 PMCID: PMC5647441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Imagery plays an important role in our life. Motor imagery is the mental simulation of a motor act without overt motor output. Previous studies have documented the effect of motor imagery practice. However, its translational potential for patients as well as for athletes, musicians and other groups, depends largely on the transfer from mental practice to overt physical performance. We used bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over sensorimotor areas to modulate neural lateralization patterns induced by unilateral mental motor imagery and the performance of a physical motor task. Twenty-six healthy older adults participated (mean age = 67.1 years) in a double-blind cross-over sham-controlled study. We found stimulation-related changes at the neural and behavioural level, which were polarity-dependent. Specifically, for the hand contralateral to the anode, electroencephalographic activity induced by motor imagery was more lateralized and motor performance improved. In contrast, for the hand contralateral to the cathode, hemispheric lateralization was reduced. The stimulation-related increase and decrease in neural lateralization were negatively related. Further, the degree of stimulation-related change in neural lateralization correlated with the stimulation-related change on behavioural level. These convergent neurophysiological and behavioural effects underline the potential of tDCS to improve mental and physical motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Zich
- Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany. .,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX1 3UD, Oxford, UK.
| | - Siobhán Harty
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX1 3UD, Oxford, UK
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Karen L Mansfield
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX1 3UD, Oxford, UK
| | - Francesco Sella
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX1 3UD, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefan Debener
- Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, OX1 3UD, Oxford, UK.
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29
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Braun N, Kranczioch C, Liepert J, Dettmers C, Zich C, Büsching I, Debener S. Motor Imagery Impairment in Postacute Stroke Patients. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:4653256. [PMID: 28458926 PMCID: PMC5387846 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4653256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Not much is known about how well stroke patients are able to perform motor imagery (MI) and which MI abilities are preserved after stroke. We therefore applied three different MI tasks (one mental chronometry task, one mental rotation task, and one EEG-based neurofeedback task) to a sample of postacute stroke patients (n = 20) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 20) for addressing the following questions: First, which of the MI tasks indicate impairment in stroke patients and are impairments restricted to the paretic side? Second, is there a relationship between MI impairment and sensory loss or paresis severity? And third, do the results of the different MI tasks converge? Significant differences between the stroke and control groups were found in all three MI tasks. However, only the mental chronometry task and EEG analysis revealed paresis side-specific effects. Moreover, sensitivity loss contributed to a performance drop in the mental rotation task. The findings indicate that although MI abilities may be impaired after stroke, most patients retain their ability for MI EEG-based neurofeedback. Interestingly, performance in the different MI measures did not strongly correlate, neither in stroke patients nor in healthy controls. We conclude that one MI measure is not sufficient to fully assess an individual's MI abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas Braun
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Catharina Zich
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Debener
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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