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Vouga Ribeiro N, Tavares V, Bramon E, Toulopoulou T, Valli I, Shergill S, Murray R, Prata D. Effects of psychosis-associated genetic markers on brain volumetry: a systematic review of replicated findings and an independent validation. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1-16. [PMID: 36168994 PMCID: PMC9811278 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given psychotic illnesses' high heritability and associations with brain structure, numerous neuroimaging-genetics findings have been reported in the last two decades. However, few findings have been replicated. In the present independent sample we aimed to replicate any psychosis-implicated SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), which had previously shown at least two main effects on brain volume. METHODS A systematic review for SNPs showing a replicated effect on brain volume yielded 25 studies implicating seven SNPs in five genes. Their effect was then tested in 113 subjects with either schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, 'at risk mental state' or healthy state, for whole-brain and region-of-interest (ROI) associations with grey and white matter volume changes, using voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS We found FWER-corrected (Family-wise error rate) (i.e. statistically significant) associations of: (1) CACNA1C-rs769087-A with larger bilateral hippocampus and thalamus white matter, across the whole brain; and (2) CACNA1C-rs769087-A with larger superior frontal gyrus, as ROI. Higher replication concordance with existing literature was found, in decreasing order, for: (1) CACNA1C-rs769087-A, with larger dorsolateral-prefrontal/superior frontal gyrus and hippocampi (both with anatomical and directional concordance); (2) ZNF804A-rs11681373-A, with smaller angular gyrus grey matter and rectus gyri white matter (both with anatomical and directional concordance); and (3) BDNF-rs6265-T with superior frontal and middle cingulate gyri volume change (with anatomical and allelic concordance). CONCLUSIONS Most literature findings were not herein replicated. Nevertheless, high degree/likelihood of replication was found for two genome-wide association studies- and one candidate-implicated SNPs, supporting their involvement in psychosis and brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Vouga Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vânia Tavares
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’ College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Timothea Toulopoulou
- Department of Psychology & National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Centre (ASBAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isabel Valli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’ College London, London, UK
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sukhi Shergill
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’ College London, London, UK
| | - Robin Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’ College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Prata
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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2
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Rajasekaran A, Shivakumar V, Kalmady SV, Parlikar R, Chhabra H, Prabhu A, Subbanna M, Venugopal D, Amaresha AC, Agarwal SM, Bose A, Narayanaswamy JC, Debnath M, Venkatasubramanian G. Impact of NRG1 HapICE gene variants on digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures in schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102363. [PMID: 33271685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence have suggested a potential role of Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) in the neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Interaction between genetic risk variants present within NRG1 locus and non-specific gestational putative insults can significantly impair crucial processes of brain development. Such genetic effects can be analyzed through the assessment of digit ratio and dermatoglyphic patterns. We examined the role of two well-replicated polymorphisms of NRG1 (SNP8NRG221533 and SNP8NRG243177) on schizophrenia risk and its probable impact on the digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures in patients (N = 221) and healthy controls (N = 200). In schizophrenia patients, but not in healthy controls, a significant association between NRG1 SNP8NRG221533 C/C genotype with lower left 2D:4D ratio, as well as with higher FA_TbcRC and DA_TbcRC. The substantial effect of SNP8NRG221533 on both digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures suggest a potential role for NRG1 gene variants on neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Rajasekaran
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil V Kalmady
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rujuta Parlikar
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Harleen Chhabra
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ananya Prabhu
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Manjula Subbanna
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Deepthi Venugopal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anekal C Amaresha
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anushree Bose
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Monojit Debnath
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
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3
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Yamamuro K, Kimoto S, Iida J, Kishimoto N, Tanaka S, Toritsuka M, Ikawa D, Yamashita Y, Ota T, Makinodan M, Yoshino H, Kishimoto T. Distinct patterns of blood oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex in clinical phenotypes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2018. [PMID: 29522943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are characterized by different clinical symptoms, and have previously been considered as categorically separate. However, several lines of evidence controversially suggest that these two disorders may run on a continuum. While it is therefore important to evaluate the subtle differences between SZ and BD, few studies have investigated the difference of brain functioning between the two by focusing on the common symptoms of cognitive functioning and impulsivity, rather than positive/negative and mood symptoms. Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology have enabled noninvasive assessment of brain function in people with psychiatric disorders. METHODS Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) using 24-channels was conducted during the verbal fluency task (VFT) and Stroop color-word task (SCWT) in 38 patients diagnosed with SZ, 34 patients with BD, and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Oxyhemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were significantly lower particularly in the SZ compared to control group during the VFT. On the other hand, these were significantly lower particularly in the BD and SZ group to control group during the SCWT. Regression analysis showed that hemodynamic changes were significantly correlated with verbal memory and impulsivity in both disorders. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that different hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex might reflect cognitive functioning and impulsivity, providing a greater insight into SZ and BD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Junzo Iida
- Faculty of Nursing, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toyosaku Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Gene polymorphisms of DISC1 is associated with schizophrenia: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:64-73. [PMID: 29031911 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest an association between Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) polymorphisms and schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the available data are often inconsistent, regarding the difference in sample size, ethnicity, genotyping method, etc. Thus, we carried out a meta-analysis to determine whether DISC1 polymorphisms contributed susceptibility to SCZ. METHODS A methodical literature review was operated using the English and Chinese core electronic databases. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to determine the correlation between DISC1 gene polymorphisms and SCZ susceptibility. Subgroup analyses were carried out by stratification of ethnicity. P values were Bonferroni adjusted to account for multiple testing. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots, Egger's test and the trim and fill method. RESULTS Meta-analyses results suggested that DISC1 polymorphisms (rs821616 and rs821597) increased SCZ risk in overall populations. In subgroups of ethnicity, DISC1 polymorphisms (rs821616 and rs821597) was associated with susceptibility to SCZ among the Chinese population (for rs821616: TT+AT vs. AA: OR=1.338, 95% CI=1.124-1.592, P=0.001; T vs. A: OR=1.300, 95% CI=1.124-1.504, P<0.000; for rs821597: AA+AG vs. GG: OR=1.508, 95% CI=1.268-1.794, P<0.001; A vs. G: OR=1.345, 95% CI=1.184-1.527, P<0.001). A positive correlation was also observed between the single marker rs821616 and SCZ among the Japanese population in the recessive model (TT vs. AT+AA: OR=1.524, 95% CI=1.185-1.959, P=0.001). There was no significant relationship between other DISC1 polymorphisms (rs3738401, rs2273890, rs3738398, rs3738402, rs2492367, rs843979, rs3737597, rs4658971, rs1538979, rs1000731 and rs3738399) and SCZ. CONCLUSIONS DISC1 polymorphisms increased a risk of SCZ, especially in the Chinese population. In order to further corroborate our findings, large well-designed epidemiological studies are needed.
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5
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Wang Y, Shen C, Wang C, Zhou Y, Gao D, Zuo Z. Maternal and embryonic exposure to the water soluble fraction of crude oil or lead induces behavioral abnormalities in zebrafish (Danio rerio), and the mechanisms involved. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:7-16. [PMID: 29024898 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil plays an important role in the toxicity of crude oil in aquatic environments. Heavy metals, such as lead (Pb) are also important environmental contaminants, which can reach aquatic systems via the effluents of industrial, urban and mining sources. In the present study, we investigated whether maternal and embryonic exposure to the WSF (5, 50 μg/L) or Pb (10, 100 μg/L) could induce behavioral abnormalities in zebrafish. Our results showed that maternal and embryonic exposure to the WSF (5, 50 μg/L) and Pb (10, 100 μg/L) induced swimming activity alterations in larval and juvenile zebrafish. In 15 days post-fertilization (dpf) larval zebrafish, the distance moved was significantly increased in the groups treated with the WSF (5, 50 μg/L), but the angular velocity and turn angle were decreased after treatment with the WSF (5, 50 μg/L) or Pb (10, 100 μg/L). In 30 dpf juvenile zebrafish, the distance moved was markedly decreased in both groups treated with the WSF (5, 50 μg/L) and the Pb (10 μg/L) group, but the percentage of zebrafish moving up and the inter-fish distance of two juvenile fish were increased after treatment with the WSF (5, 50 μg/L) or Pb (10, 100 μg/L). Maternal and embryonic exposure to the WSF (5, 50 μg/L) or Pb (10, 100 μg/L) likely impaired the brain neurons growth and induced behavioral abnormalities in the larval and juvenile zebrafish. Furthermore, the expressions of some key genes, which were associated with calcium channels, behavioral development or the metabolism of environmental contaminants, were changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yixi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Dongxu Gao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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6
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Gou N, Liu Z, Palaniyappan L, Li M, Pan Y, Chen X, Tao H, Wu G, Ouyang X, Wang Z, Dou T, Xue Z, Pu W. Effects of DISC1 Polymorphisms on Resting-State Spontaneous Neuronal Activity in the Early-Stage of Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:137. [PMID: 29875705 PMCID: PMC5974222 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Localized abnormalities in the synchrony of spontaneous neuronal activity, measured with regional homogeneity (ReHo), has been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and their unaffected siblings. To date, little is known about the genetic influences affecting the spontaneous neuronal activity in SCZ. DISC1, a strong susceptible gene for SCZ, has been implicated in neuronal excitability and synaptic function possibly associated with regional spontaneous neuronal activity. This study aimed to examine the effects of DISC1 variations on the regional spontaneous neuronal activity in SCZ. Methods: Resting-state fMRI data were obtained from 28 SCZ patients and 21 healthy controls (HC) for ReHo analysis. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DISC1 gene were genotyped using the PCR and direct sequencing. Results: Significant diagnosis × genotype interactions were noted for three SNPs (rs821616, rs821617, and rs2738880). For rs821617, the interactions were localized to the precuneus, basal ganglia and pre-/post-central regions. Significant interactive effects were identified at the temporal and post-central gyri for rs821616 (Ser704Cys) and the inferior temporal gyrus for rs2738880. Furthermore, post-hoc analysis revealed that the DISC1 variations on these SNPs exerted different influences on ReHo between SCZ patients and HC. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first study to unpick the influence of DISC1 variations on spontaneous neuronal activity in SCZ; Given the emerging evidence that ReHo is a stable inheritable phenotype for schizophrenia, our findings suggest the DISC1 variations are possibly an inheritable source for the altered ReHo in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningzhi Gou
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Biophysics & Robarts and Lawson Research Institutes, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mingding Li
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Pan
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Haojuan Tao
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Guowei Wu
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Ouyang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Taotao Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, China
| | - Weidan Pu
- Medical Psychological Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
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7
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O’Tuathaigh CMP, Fumagalli F, Desbonnet L, Perez-Branguli F, Moloney G, Loftus S, O’Leary C, Petit E, Cox R, Tighe O, Clarke G, Lai D, Harvey RP, Cryan JF, Mitchell KJ, Dinan TG, Riva MA, Waddington JL. Epistatic and Independent Effects on Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes Following Co-disruption of the Risk Factors Neuregulin-1 × DISC1. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:214-225. [PMID: 27613806 PMCID: PMC5216856 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have addressed likely gene × gene (ie, epistatic) interactions in mediating risk for schizophrenia. Using a preclinical genetic approach, we investigated whether simultaneous disruption of the risk factors Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) and Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) would produce a disease-relevant phenotypic profile different from that observed following disruption to either gene alone. NRG1 heterozygotes exhibited hyperactivity and disruption to prepulse inhibition, both reversed by antipsychotic treatment, and accompanied by reduced striatal dopamine D2 receptor protein expression, impaired social cognition, and altered glutamatergic synaptic protein expression in selected brain areas. Single gene DISC1 mutants demonstrated a disruption in social cognition and nest-building, altered brain 5-hydroxytryptamine levels and hippocampal ErbB4 expression, and decreased cortical expression of the schizophrenia-associated microRNA miR-29b. Co-disruption of DISC1 and NRG1, indicative of epistasis, evoked an impairment in sociability and enhanced self-grooming, accompanied by changes in hypothalamic oxytocin/vasopressin gene expression. The findings indicate specific behavioral correlates and underlying cellular pathways downstream of main effects of DNA variation in the schizophrenia-associated genes NRG1 and DISC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm M. P. O’Tuathaigh
- School of Medicine, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;,Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2,Ireland;,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; School of Medicine, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland; tel: +353-(0)21-420-5303, fax: +353-(0)21-490-1594, e-mail:
| | - Fabio Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universita` degli Studi di Milano, Milan,
Italy
| | - Lieve Desbonnet
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesc Perez-Branguli
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;,IZKF Junior Research Group and BMBF Research Group Neuroscience, IZKF, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerard Moloney
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Samim Loftus
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Claire O’Leary
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2,Ireland
| | - Emilie Petit
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2,Ireland
| | - Rachel Cox
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2,Ireland
| | - Orna Tighe
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2,Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;,Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Donna Lai
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - John F. Cryan
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin J. Mitchell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Timothy G. Dinan
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;,Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco A. Riva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universita` degli Studi di Milano, Milan,
Italy
| | - John L. Waddington
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2,Ireland;,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research & Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Disorders and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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8
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Gay O, Plaze M, Oppenheim C, Gaillard R, Olié JP, Krebs MO, Cachia A. Cognitive control deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia is associated with complex deviations of early brain development. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2016; 41:150267. [PMID: 27673502 PMCID: PMC5373705 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.150267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several clinical and radiological markers of early neurodevelopmental deviations have been independently associated with cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of our study was to test the cumulative and/or interactive effects of these early neurodevelopmental factors on cognitive control (CC) deficit, a core feature of schizophrenia. METHODS We recruited patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, who underwent structural MRI. We evaluated CC efficiency using the Trail Making Test (TMT). Several markers of early brain development were measured: neurological soft signs (NSS), handedness, sulcal pattern of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and ventricle enlargement. RESULTS We included 41 patients with schizophrenia in our analysis, which revealed a main effect of ACC morphology (p = 0.041) as well as interactions between NSS and ACC morphology (p = 0.005), between NSS and handedness (p = 0.044) and between ACC morphology and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume (p = 0.005) on CC measured using the TMT-B score - the TMT-A score. LIMITATIONS No 3- or 4-way interactions were detected between the 4 neurodevelopmental factors. The sample size was clearly adapted to detect main effects and 2-way interactions, but may have limited the statistical power to investigate higher-order interactions. The effects of treatment and illness duration were limited as the study design involved only patients with first-episode psychosis. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, our study provides the first evidence of cumulative and interactive effects of different neurodevelopmental markers on CC efficiency in patients with schizophrenia. Such findings, in line with the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, support the notion that CC impairments in patients with schizophrenia may be the final common pathway of several early neurodevelopmental mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Gay
- From the INSERM UMR 894, Centre de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, CNRS GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs); the Service d’Imagerie Morphologique et Fonctionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Oppenheim); the CNRS UMR 8240, Laboratoire de Psychologie du Développement et de l’Éducation de l’Enfant, Paris, France (Cachia); and the Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France (Cachia)
| | - Marion Plaze
- From the INSERM UMR 894, Centre de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, CNRS GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs); the Service d’Imagerie Morphologique et Fonctionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Oppenheim); the CNRS UMR 8240, Laboratoire de Psychologie du Développement et de l’Éducation de l’Enfant, Paris, France (Cachia); and the Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France (Cachia)
| | - Catherine Oppenheim
- From the INSERM UMR 894, Centre de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, CNRS GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs); the Service d’Imagerie Morphologique et Fonctionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Oppenheim); the CNRS UMR 8240, Laboratoire de Psychologie du Développement et de l’Éducation de l’Enfant, Paris, France (Cachia); and the Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France (Cachia)
| | - Raphael Gaillard
- From the INSERM UMR 894, Centre de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, CNRS GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs); the Service d’Imagerie Morphologique et Fonctionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Oppenheim); the CNRS UMR 8240, Laboratoire de Psychologie du Développement et de l’Éducation de l’Enfant, Paris, France (Cachia); and the Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France (Cachia)
| | - Jean-Pierre Olié
- From the INSERM UMR 894, Centre de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, CNRS GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Oppenheim, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs, Cachia); the Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Gay, Plaze, Gaillard, Olié, Krebs); the Service d’Imagerie Morphologique et Fonctionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France (Oppenheim); the CNRS UMR 8240, Laboratoire de Psychologie du Développement et de l’Éducation de l’Enfant, Paris, France (Cachia); and the Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France (Cachia)
| | | | - Arnaud Cachia
- Correspondence to: Prof. A. Cachia, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR 894, INSERM – Université, Paris Descartes, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France;
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Mostaid MS, Lloyd D, Liberg B, Sundram S, Pereira A, Pantelis C, Karl T, Weickert CS, Everall IP, Bousman CA. Neuregulin-1 and schizophrenia in the genome-wide association study era. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:387-409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Suárez-Pinilla P, Roiz-Santiañez R, Ortiz-García de la Foz V, Guest PC, Ayesa-Arriola R, Córdova-Palomera A, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Crespo-Facorro B. Brain structural and clinical changes after first episode psychosis: Focus on cannabinoid receptor 1 polymorphisms. Psychiatry Res 2015; 233:112-9. [PMID: 26071625 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene polymorphisms have been associated with central and peripheral effects of cannabis and schizophrenia pathophysiology. Here, we have tested whether three CNR1 variants (rs1049353, rs1535255 and rs2023239) are associated with changes in brain volumes, body mass index (BMI) or psychopathological scores in a 3-year longitudinal study of 65 first-episode psychosis patients. The rs1049353 at-risk allele was significantly associated with a greater reduction of caudate volume, and the rs2023239 T/C polymorphism showed a significant decrease in thalamic volume after the 3-year period. For those who were not cannabis users, the rs1535255 and rs2023239 polymorphisms had effects in lateral ventricle (LV), and LV and white matter, respectively. The rs2023239 variant also was associated with significant improvements in positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. There was no significant effect of any of the variants on changes in BMI over the 3-year study. Finally, an interaction between all three polymorphisms was found involving evolution of positive symptoms. These findings suggest that the cannabinoid pathway is associated with schizophrenia evolution over time. However, further studies using larger cohorts are needed to confirm these results. If confirmed, the present findings could lead in subsequent investigations for identification of novel drug targets for improved treatment of patients suffering from schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Suárez-Pinilla
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
| | - Roberto Roiz-Santiañez
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Paul C Guest
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Biología Animal, Facultat de Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
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11
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Variations in Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 gene modulate long-term longitudinal differences in cortical thickness in patients with a first-episode of psychosis. Brain Imaging Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-015-9433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Koschützke L, Bertram J, Hartmann B, Bartsch D, Lotze M, von Bohlen und Halbach O. SrGAP3 knockout mice display enlarged lateral ventricles and specific cilia disturbances of ependymal cells in the third ventricle. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 361:645-50. [PMID: 26104135 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In several mouse models of mental retardation, ventricular enlargements have been observed. Mutation in the SrGAP3 gene residing on chromosome 3p25 has previously been associated with intellectual disability in humans. In addition, SrGAP3 is related to Rho-GAPs signaling pathways, which play essential roles in the development and plasticity of the nervous system. About 10 % of postnatal homozygous SrGAP3-deficient mice die due to hydrocephalus, whereas the remaining mice survive into adulthood but display enlarged ventricles. We analyze the ventricular enlargement of these mice by performing a post-mortem MRI approach. We found a more than 15-fold enlargement of the lateral ventricles of homozygous SrGAP3-deficient mice. Moreover, we demonstrate that this phenotype was not accompanied by a stenosis of the aqueduct. Instead, SrGAP3 knockout mice displayed reduced densities of cilia of ependymal cells in These third ventricle compared to age-matched controls. This results indicate that the ventricular enlargement may be due to ciliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Koschützke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Löffler-Straße-23c, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
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13
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Schmidt MJ, Mirnics K. Neurodevelopment, GABA system dysfunction, and schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:190-206. [PMID: 24759129 PMCID: PMC4262918 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The origins of schizophrenia have eluded clinicians and researchers since Kraepelin and Bleuler began documenting their findings. However, large clinical research efforts in recent decades have identified numerous genetic and environmental risk factors for schizophrenia. The combined data strongly support the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia and underscore the importance of the common converging effects of diverse insults. In this review, we discuss the evidence that genetic and environmental risk factors that predispose to schizophrenia disrupt the development and normal functioning of the GABAergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Karoly Mirnics
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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14
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Mei L, Nave KA. Neuregulin-ERBB signaling in the nervous system and neuropsychiatric diseases. Neuron 2014; 83:27-49. [PMID: 24991953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulins (NRGs) comprise a large family of growth factors that stimulate ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases. NRGs and their receptors, ERBBs, have been identified as susceptibility genes for diseases such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder. Recent studies have revealed complex Nrg/Erbb signaling networks that regulate the assembly of neural circuitry, myelination, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. Evidence indicates there is an optimal level of NRG/ERBB signaling in the brain and deviation from it impairs brain functions. NRGs/ERBBs and downstream signaling pathways may provide therapeutic targets for specific neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Mei
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA.
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
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15
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Paterson C, Wang Y, Kleinman JE, Law AJ. Effects of schizophrenia risk variation in the NRG1 gene on NRG1-IV splicing during fetal and early postnatal human neocortical development. Am J Psychiatry 2014; 171:979-89. [PMID: 24935406 PMCID: PMC4330971 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a multifunctional neurotrophin that mediates neurodevelopment and schizophrenia risk. The NRG1 gene undergoes extensive alternative splicing, and association of brain NRG1 type IV isoform expression with the schizophrenia-risk polymorphism rs6994992 is a potential mechanism of risk. Novel splice variants of NRG1-IV (NRG1-IVNV), with predicted unique signaling capabilities, have been cloned in fetal brain tissue. The authors investigated the temporal dynamics of transcription of NRG1-IVNV, compared with the major NRG1 isoforms, across human prenatal and postnatal prefrontal cortical development, and they examined the association of rs6994992 with NRG1-IVNV expression. METHOD NRG1 type I-IV and NRG1-IVNV isoforms were evaluated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in human postmortem prefrontal cortex tissue samples at 14 to 39 weeks gestation and postnatal ages 0-83 years. The association of rs6994992 genotype with NRG1-IVNV expression and the subcellular distribution and proteolytic processing of NRG1-IVNV isoforms were also determined. RESULTS Expression of NRG1 types I, II, and III was temporally regulated during prenatal and postnatal neocortical development. NRG1-IVNV was expressed from 16 weeks gestation until age 3. Homozygosity for the schizophrenia risk allele (T) of rs6994992 conferred lower cortical NRG1-IVNV levels. Assays showed that NRG1-IVNV is a novel nuclear-enriched, truncated NRG1 protein resistant to proteolytic processing. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, this study provides the first quantitative map of NRG1 isoform expression during human neocortical development and aging. It identifies a potential mechanism of early developmental risk for schizophrenia at the NRG1 locus, involving a novel class of NRG1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Paterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1385, USA
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1385, USA,Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, 855 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Joel E. Kleinman
- Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1385, USA,Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, 855 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Amanda J. Law
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1385, USA,Corresponding author:
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16
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Vázquez-Bourgon J, Mata I, Roiz-Santiáñez R, Ayesa-Arriola R, Suárez Pinilla P, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Vázquez-Barquero JL, Crespo-Facorro B. A Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 Gene Variant is Associated with Clinical Symptomatology in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis. Psychiatry Investig 2014; 11:186-91. [PMID: 24843375 PMCID: PMC4023094 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2014.11.2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DISC1 gene is one of the main candidate genes for schizophrenia since it has been associated to the illness in several populations. Moreover, variations in several DISC1 polymorphisms, and in particular Ser704Cys SNP, have been associated in schizophrenic patients to structural and functional modifications in two brain areas (pre-frontal cortex and hippocampus) that play a central role in the genesis of psychotic symptoms. This study tested the association between Ser704Cys DISC1 polymorphism and the clinical onset of psychosis. METHODS Two hundred and thirteen Caucasian drug-naive patients experiencing a first episode of non-affective psychosis were genotyped for rs821616 (Ser704Cys) SNP of the DISC1 gene. The clinical severity of the illness was assessed using SAPS and SANS scales. Other clinical and socio-demographic variables were recorded to rule out possible confounding effects. RESULTS Patients homozygous for the Ser allele of the Ser704Cys DISC1 SNP had significantly (p<0.05) higher rates at the positive symptoms dimension (SAPS-SANS scales) and hallucinations item, compared to Cys carriers. CONCLUSION DISC1 gene variations may modulate the clinical severity of the psychosis at the onset of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Mata
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Roiz-Santiáñez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Suárez Pinilla
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Vázquez-Barquero
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
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Redpath HL, Lawrie SM, Sprooten E, Whalley HC, McIntosh AM, Hall J. Progress in imaging the effects of psychosis susceptibility gene variants. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 13:37-47. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.12.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Analysis of schizophrenia-related genes and electrophysiological measures reveals ZNF804A association with amplitude of P300b elicited by novel sounds. Transl Psychiatry 2014; 4:e346. [PMID: 24424392 PMCID: PMC3905227 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several genes have recently been identified as risk factors for schizophrenia (SZ) by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including ZNF804A which is thought to function in transcriptional regulation. However, the downstream pathophysiological changes that these genes confer remain to be elucidated. In 143 subjects (68 clinical high risk, first episode or chronic cases; 75 controls), we examined the association between 21 genetic markers previously identified by SZ GWAS or associated with putative intermediate phenotypes of SZ against three event-related potential (ERP) measures: mismatch negativity (MMN), amplitude of P300 during an auditory oddball task, and P300 amplitude during an auditory novelty oddball task. Controlling for age and sex, significant genetic association surpassing Bonferroni correction was detected between ZNF804A marker rs1344706 and P300 amplitude elicited by novel sounds (beta=4.38, P=1.03 × 10(-4)), which is thought to index orienting of attention to unexpected, salient stimuli. Subsequent analyses revealed that the association was driven by the control subjects (beta=6.35, P=9.08 × 10(-5)), and that the risk allele was correlated with higher novel P300b amplitude, in contrast to the significantly lower amplitude observed in cases compared to controls. Novel P300b amplitude was significantly correlated with a neurocognitive measure of auditory attention under interference conditions, suggesting a relationship between novel P300b amplitude and higher-order attentional processes. Our results suggest pleiotropic effects of ZNF804A on risk for SZ and neural mechanisms that are indexed by the novel P300b ERP component.
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Kipanyula MJ, Kimaro WH, Yepnjio FN, Aldebasi YH, Farahna M, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Abdel-Magied EM, Seke Etet PF. Signaling pathways bridging fate determination of neural crest cells to glial lineages in the developing peripheral nervous system. Cell Signal 2013; 26:673-82. [PMID: 24378534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fate determination of neural crest cells is an essential step for the development of different crest cell derivatives. Peripheral glia development is marked by the choice of the neural crest cells to differentiate along glial lineages. The molecular mechanism underlying fate acquisition is poorly understood. However, recent advances have identified different transcription factors and genes required for the complex instructive signaling process that comprise both local environmental and cell intrinsic cues. Among others, at least the roles of Sox10, Notch, and neuregulin 1 have been documented in both in vivo and in vitro models. Cooperative interactions of such factors appear to be necessary for the switch from multipotent neural crest cells to glial lineage precursors in the peripheral nervous system. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of fate determination of neural crest cells into different glia subtypes, together with the potential implications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maulilio John Kipanyula
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3016, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | - Wahabu Hamisi Kimaro
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3016, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Faustin N Yepnjio
- Neurology Department, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1937, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yousef H Aldebasi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Farahna
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eltuhami M Abdel-Magied
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Faustin Seke Etet
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
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Abstract
The current schizophrenia concept is built on experts' agreement on the matter, and it is basically rooted in the epidemiological and clinical evidence. However, the numerous and intensive attempts to find the biological underpinnings of this syndrome face almost constantly a low degree of replication of the results. We have reviewed previously published work to contribute to identify some reasons underlying that failure. The difficulty in replicating biological findings in schizophrenia may relate to the intrinsic heterogeneity among patient samples, acquired through the current diagnostic criteria. As a result, the necessary replication for any finding to be accepted as characteristic data for schizophrenia would be impeded. Therefore, a new frame based on identification of correlates of the most replicated biological anomalies in schizophrenia to date may contribute to overcome those difficulties.
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Duff BJ, Macritchie KAN, Moorhead TWJ, Lawrie SM, Blackwood DHR. Human brain imaging studies of DISC1 in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression: a systematic review. Schizophr Res 2013; 147:1-13. [PMID: 23602339 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a well researched candidate gene for schizophrenia and affective disorders with a range of functions relating to neurodevelopment. Several human brain imaging studies investigating correlations between common and rare variants in DISC1 and brain structure and function have shown conflicting results. A meta-analysis of case/control data showed no association between schizophrenia and any common SNP in DISC1. Therefore it is timely to review the literature to plan the direction of future studies. Twenty-two human brain imaging studies have examined the influence of DISC1 variants in health, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or depression. The most studied common SNPs are Ser704Cys (rs821616) and Leu607Phe (rs6675281). Some imaging-genomic studies report effects on frontal, temporal and hippocampal structural indices in health and illness and a volumetric longitudinal study supports a putative role for these common SNPs in neurodevelopment. Callosal agenesis is described in association with rare deletions at 1q42 which include DISC1 and rare sequence variants at DISC1 itself. DISC1 interactions with translin-associated factor X (TRAX) and neuregulin have been shown to influence several regional volumes. In the first study involving neonates, a role for Ser704Cys (rs821616) has been highlighted in prenatal brain development with large clusters of reduced grey matter reported in the frontal lobes. Functional MRI studies examining associations between Ser704Cys (rs821616) and Leu607Phe (rs6675281) with prefrontal and hippocampal activation have also given inconsistent results. Prefrontal function was reported to be associated with interaction between DISC1 and CITRON (CIT) in health. Preliminary magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor data support the influence of Ser704Cys (rs821616) status on grey and white matter integrity. The glutamate system remains uninvestigated. Associations between rare sequence variants and structural changes in brain regions including the corpus callosum and effects of gene-gene interactions on brain structure and function are promising areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Duff
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, United Kingdom.
| | - Karine A N Macritchie
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas W J Moorhead
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas H R Blackwood
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, United Kingdom
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22
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Ozomaro U, Wahlestedt C, Nemeroff CB. Personalized medicine in psychiatry: problems and promises. BMC Med 2013; 11:132. [PMID: 23680237 PMCID: PMC3668172 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The central theme of personalized medicine is the premise that an individual's unique physiologic characteristics play a significant role in both disease vulnerability and in response to specific therapies. The major goals of personalized medicine are therefore to predict an individual's susceptibility to developing an illness, achieve accurate diagnosis, and optimize the most efficient and favorable response to treatment. The goal of achieving personalized medicine in psychiatry is a laudable one, because its attainment should be associated with a marked reduction in morbidity and mortality. In this review, we summarize an illustrative selection of studies that are laying the foundation towards personalizing medicine in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. In addition, we present emerging applications that are likely to advance personalized medicine in psychiatry, with an emphasis on novel biomarkers and neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzoezi Ozomaro
- University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles B Nemeroff
- University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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23
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Genes and environments in schizophrenia: The different pieces of a manifold puzzle. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:2424-37. [PMID: 23628741 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Genetic research targeting schizophrenia has undergone tremendous development during recent years. Supported by recently developed high-throughput genotyping technologies, both rare and common genetic variants have been identified that show consistent association with schizophrenia. These results have been replicated by independent studies and refined in meta-analyses. The genetic variation uncovered consists of common alleles, i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) conveying small effects (odds ratios below 1.1) on disease risk. The source of rare variants is copy number variations (CNVs), only detectable in a small proportion of patients (3-5% for all known CNVs) with schizophrenia, furthermore extremely rare de novo mutations captured by next generation sequencing, the most recent technological advancement in the field. Despite these findings, the search for the genetic architecture underlying schizophrenia continues since these variants explain only a small proportion of the overall phenotypic variance. Gene-environment interactions provide a compelling model for resolving this paradox and interpreting the risk factors of schizophrenia. Epidemiologically proven risk factors, such as prenatal infection, obstetric complications, urbanicity, cannabis, and trauma have been demonstrated to interact with genetic risk, giving rise to higher prevalence rates or more severe symptomatology in individuals with direct or indirect genetic predisposition for schizophrenia. Further research will have to explain how the different forms of genetic variation interact and how environmental factors modulate their effects. Moreover, the challenging question lying ahead of us is how genetic and environmental factors translate to molecular disease pathways. New approaches, including animal studies and in vitro disease modeling, as well as innovative real-world environment assessment methods, will help to understand the complex etiology of schizophrenia.
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Kukshal P, Bhatia T, Bhagwat AM, Gur RE, Gur RC, Deshpande SN, Nimgaonkar VL, Thelma BK. Association study of neuregulin-1 gene polymorphisms in a North Indian schizophrenia sample. Schizophr Res 2013; 144:24-30. [PMID: 23360725 PMCID: PMC4040109 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) gene polymorphisms have been proposed as risk factors for several common disorders. Associations with cognitive variation have also been tested. With regard to schizophrenia (SZ) risk, studies of Caucasian ancestry samples indicate associations more consistently than East Asian samples, suggesting heterogeneity. To exploit the differences in linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure across ethnic groups, we conducted a SZ case-control study (that included cognitive evaluations) in a sample from the north Indian population. METHODS NRG1 variants (n=35 SNPs, three microsatellite markers) were initially analyzed among cases (DSM IV criteria, n=1007) and controls (n=1019, drawn from two groups) who were drawn from the same geographical region in North India. Nominally significant associations with SZ were next analyzed in relation to neurocognitive measures estimated with a computerized neurocognitive battery in a subset of the sample (n=116 cases, n=170 controls). RESULTS Three variants and one microsatellite showed allelic association with SZ (rs35753505, rs4733263, rs6994992, and microsatellite 420M9-1395, p≤0.05 uncorrected for multiple comparisons). A six marker haplotype 221121 (rs35753505-rs6994992-rs1354336-rs10093107-rs3924999-rs11780123) showed (p=0.0004) association after Bonferroni corrections. Regression analyses with the neurocognitive measures showed nominal (uncorrected) associations with emotion processing and attention at rs35753505 and rs6994992, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Suggestive associations with SZ and SZ-related neurocognitive measures were detected with two SNPs from the NRG1 promoter region in a north Indian cohort. The functional role of the alleles merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Kukshal
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South campus, Benito
Juarez Road, New Delhi – 110 021, India
- C.B. Patel Research Centre, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Triptish Bhatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi – 110
001, India
| | - A. M. Bhagwat
- C.B. Patel Research Centre, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, Western Psychiatric
Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate
School of Public Health, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B. K. Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South campus, Benito
Juarez Road, New Delhi – 110 021, India
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25
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Thomson PA, Malavasi ELV, Grünewald E, Soares DC, Borkowska M, Millar JK. DISC1 genetics, biology and psychiatric illness. FRONTIERS IN BIOLOGY 2013; 8:1-31. [PMID: 23550053 PMCID: PMC3580875 DOI: 10.1007/s11515-012-1254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable, and in many individuals likely arise from the combined effects of genes and the environment. A substantial body of evidence points towards DISC1 being one of the genes that influence risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression, and functional studies of DISC1 consequently have the potential to reveal much about the pathways that lead to major mental illness. Here, we review the evidence that DISC1 influences disease risk through effects upon multiple critical pathways in the developing and adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pippa A Thomson
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine at the Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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26
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Shaikh M, Hall MH, Schulze K, Dutt A, Li K, Williams I, Walshe M, Constante M, Broome M, Picchioni M, Toulopoulou T, Collier D, Stahl D, Rijsdijk F, Powell J, Murray RM, Arranz M, Bramon E. Effect of DISC1 on the P300 waveform in psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2013; 39:161-7. [PMID: 21878470 PMCID: PMC3523903 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbr101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormalities in the neurophysiological measures P300 amplitude and latency constitute endophenotypes for psychosis. Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) has been proposed as a promising susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, and a previous study has suggested that it is associated with P300 deficits in schizophrenia. METHODS We examined the role of variation in DISC1 polymorphisms on the P300 endophenotype in a large sample of patients with schizophrenia or psychotic bipolar disorder (n = 149), their unaffected relatives (n = 130), and unrelated healthy controls (n = 208) using linear regression and haplotype analysis. RESULTS Significant associations between P300 amplitude and latency and DISC1 polymorphisms/haplotypes were found. Those homozygous for the A allele of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs821597 displayed significantly reduced P300 amplitudes in comparison with homozygous for the G allele (P = .009) and the heterozygous group (P = .018). Haplotype analysis showed a significant association for DISC1 haplotypes (rs3738401|rs6675281|rs821597|rs821616|rs967244|rs980989) and P300 latency. Haplotype GCGTCG and ACGTTT were associated with shorter latencies. DISCUSSION The P300 waveform appears to be modulated by variation in individual SNPs and haplotypes of DISC1. Because DISC1 is involved in neurodevelopment, one hypothesis is that disruption in neural connectivity impairs cognitive processes illustrated by P300 deficits observed in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Shaikh
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College Londonand The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE58AF, UK.
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Katja Schulze
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Anirban Dutt
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Kuang Li
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ian Williams
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Muriel Walshe
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Miguel Constante
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Matthew Broome
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Marco Picchioni
- St Andrew’s Academic Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Northampton, UK
| | - Timothea Toulopoulou
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - David Collier
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK,Medical Research Council, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Daniel Stahl
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Fruhling Rijsdijk
- Medical Research Council, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - John Powell
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Maria Arranz
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
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27
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Hikida T, Gamo NJ, Sawa A. DISC1 as a therapeutic target for mental illnesses. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2012; 16:1151-60. [PMID: 23130881 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2012.719879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many genetic studies have indicated that DISC1 is not merely "disrupted-in-schizophrenia," but is more generally implicated in various brain dysfunctions associated with aberrant neurodevelopment and intracellular signaling pathways. Thus, the DISC1 gene is mildly associated with a variety of brain disorders, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, and autism. This novel concept fits with the results from biological studies of DISC1, which include cell and animal models. AREAS COVERED We review the molecular structure and functions of DISC1, particularly those in conjunction with its important interactors. Functions of these interacting proteins are also introduced under the concept of the "DISC1 interactome." Finally, we discuss how the DISC1 interactome can provide potential therapeutic targets for mental illnesses. EXPERT OPINION Modulation of DISC1 stability and post-transcriptional modifications may be key targets to address DISC1-related pathology. In addition, modulation of DISC1 interactors and the mechanisms of their interactions with DISC1 may also provide drug targets. Disc1 rodent models can subsequently be used as templates for in vivo validations of compounds designed for DISC1 and its interacting proteins. Furthermore, these rodents will serve as genetic models for schizophrenia and related conditions, especially in conjunction with their pathologies during the neurodevelopmental trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Hikida
- Kyoto University School of Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto, Japan.
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28
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Lyall AE, Woolson S, Wolfe HM, Goldman BD, Reznick JS, Hamer RM, Lin W, Styner M, Gerig G, Gilmore JH. Prenatal isolated mild ventriculomegaly is associated with persistent ventricle enlargement at ages 1 and 2. Early Hum Dev 2012; 88:691-8. [PMID: 22445211 PMCID: PMC3386468 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enlargement of the lateral ventricles is thought to originate from abnormal prenatal brain development and is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Fetal isolated mild ventriculomegaly (MVM) is associated with the enlargement of lateral ventricle volumes in the neonatal period and developmental delays in early childhood. However, little is known about postnatal brain development in these children. METHODS Twenty-eight children with fetal isolated MVM and 56 matched controls were followed at ages 1 and 2 years with structural imaging on a 3T Siemens scanner and assessment of cognitive development with the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. Lateral ventricle, total gray and white matter volumes, and Mullen cognitive composite scores and subscale scores were compared between groups. RESULTS Compared to controls, children with prenatal isolated MVM had significantly larger lateral ventricle volumes at ages 1 and 2 years. Lateral ventricle volume at 1 and 2 years of age was significantly correlated with prenatal ventricle size. Enlargement of the lateral ventricles was associated with increased intracranial volumes and increased gray and white matter volumes. Children with MVM had Mullen composite scores similar to controls, although there was evidence of delay in fine motor and expressive language skills. CONCLUSIONS Children with prenatal MVM have persistent enlargement of the lateral ventricles through the age of 2 years; this enlargement is associated with increased gray and white matter volumes and some evidence of delay in fine motor and expressive language development. Further study is needed to determine if enlarged lateral ventricles are associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E. Lyall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Sandra Woolson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Honor M. Wolfe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Barbara Davis Goldman
- FPG Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - J. Steven Reznick
- FPG Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Robert M. Hamer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Martin Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,FPG Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Guido Gerig
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - John H. Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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Tiwary BK. The severity of mental disorders is linked to interaction among candidate genes. Integr Biol (Camb) 2012; 4:1096-101. [PMID: 22777684 DOI: 10.1039/c2ib20066j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a considerable overlap in the manifestation of symptoms in three mental disorders namely unipolar disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. A gene coexpression network was developed based on a mutual information approach including four candidate genes (NRG1, DISC1, BDNF and COMT) along with other coexpressing genes in unipolar disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. There is a significant difference in the degree distribution of nodes between normal and bipolar disorder network and bipolar disorder network and schizophrenia network. Moreover, there is a differential direct connectivity among candidate genes in various mental disorders and between normal and mental disorders. All candidate genes are directly connected to each other in schizophrenia except one pair (NRG1-BDNF) indicating a strong role of inter-gene interactions in the manifestation of severe symptoms in this disease. DISC1 and NRG1 are key hub genes in the unipolar disorder network and the bipolar disorder network but have lost the role of hub genes in schizophrenia network, despite their significant association with schizophrenia. This study indicates that the three psychiatric diseases may not have discrete classes but three phenotypic manifestations of the same continuous disease based on severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant K Tiwary
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry-605 014, India.
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30
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Brandon NJ, Sawa A. Linking neurodevelopmental and synaptic theories of mental illness through DISC1. Nat Rev Neurosci 2011; 12:707-22. [PMID: 22095064 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders has blown away the diagnostic boundaries that are defined by currently used diagnostic manuals. The disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene was originally discovered at the breakpoint of an inherited chromosomal translocation, which segregates with major mental illnesses. In addition, many biological studies have indicated a role for DISC1 in early neurodevelopment and synaptic regulation. Given that DISC1 is thought to drive a range of endophenotypes that underlie major mental conditions, elucidating the biology of DISC1 may enable the construction of new diagnostic categories for mental illnesses with a more meaningful biological foundation.
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31
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Kurnianingsih YA, Kuswanto CN, McIntyre RS, Qiu A, Ho BC, Sim K. Neurocognitive-genetic and neuroimaging-genetic research paradigms in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011; 118:1621-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/05/2011] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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32
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Abstract
Functional and structural brain imaging has identified neural and neurotransmitter systems involved in schizophrenia and their link to cognitive and behavioural disturbances such as psychosis. Mapping such abnormalities in patients, however, cannot fully capture the strong neurodevelopmental component of schizophrenia that pre-dates manifest illness. A recent strategy to address this issue has been to focus on mechanisms of disease risk. Imaging genetics techniques have made it possible to define neural systems that mediate heritable risk linked to candidate and genome-wide-supported common variants, and mechanisms for environmental risk and gene-environment interactions are emerging. Characterizing the neural risk architecture of schizophrenia provides a translational research strategy for future treatments.
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