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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Zhou C, Wang J. Long-term motor training enhances functional connectivity between semantic and motor regions in an effector-specific manner: evidence from elite female football athletes. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1447-1459. [PMID: 38814332 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The relation between the action verb semantic processing and sensorimotor experience remains controversial. In this study, we examined whether plasticity changes in brain are specifically related to semantic processing of foot action verbs when long-term motor training is mainly aimed at the foot. To address this question, we acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and behavioral data from a verb two-choice task from female expertise football players and football novices. We compared the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) differences between experts and novices using motor execution regions and general semantic regions (left anterior temporal lobe, lATL) as seed, and explored the neural correlates of behavioral performance. Here, the drift rate (v) parameter of the drift diffusion model (DDM) was used to capture the semantic processing capability. We found experts showed increased correlation between lATL subregions and important brain regions for motor processing, including supplementary motor area (SMA), bilateral paracentral lobule (PL), superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal lobule, in contrast to novices. Further predictive model analysis showed the FC found in rsFC analysis can significantly predict drift rate of foot action verb in both experts and novices, but not drift rate of hand action verb. Our findings therefore establish a connection between effector-related semantic processing and the plasticity changes in brain functional connectivity, attributable to long-term foot-related motor training. This provides evidence supporting the view that semantic processing is fundamentally rooted in the sensorimotor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcan Zhou
- Department of Sports Industry, Graduate School of Sports Industry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 142820, South Korea
| | - Yanzhang Chen
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
- Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
- Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
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Maddaluno O, Della Penna S, Pizzuti A, Spezialetti M, Corbetta M, de Pasquale F, Betti V. Encoding Manual Dexterity through Modulation of Intrinsic α Band Connectivity. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1766232024. [PMID: 38538141 PMCID: PMC11097277 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1766-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The human hand possesses both consolidated motor skills and remarkable flexibility in adapting to ongoing task demands. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the brain balances stability and flexibility remain unknown. In the absence of external input or behavior, spontaneous (intrinsic) brain connectivity is thought to represent a prior of stored memories. In this study, we investigated how manual dexterity modulates spontaneous functional connectivity in the motor cortex during hand movement. Using magnetoencephalography, in 47 human participants (both sexes), we examined connectivity modulations in the α and β frequency bands at rest and during two motor tasks (i.e., finger tapping or toe squeezing). The flexibility and stability of such modulations allowed us to identify two groups of participants with different levels of performance (high and low performers) on the nine-hole peg test, a test of manual dexterity. In the α band, participants with higher manual dexterity showed distributed decreases of connectivity, specifically in the motor cortex, increased segregation, and reduced nodal centrality. Participants with lower manual dexterity showed an opposite pattern. Notably, these patterns from the brain to behavior are mirrored by results from behavior to the brain. Indeed, when participants were divided using the median split of the dexterity score, we found the same connectivity patterns. In summary, this experiment shows that a long-term motor skill-manual dexterity-influences the way the motor systems respond during movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Maddaluno
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy
| | - Stefania Della Penna
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and ITAB - Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti 66013, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pizzuti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy
| | - Matteo Spezialetti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua 35131, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova 35129, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Betti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy
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Wang KP, Yu CL, Shen C, Schack T, Hung TM. A longitudinal study of the effect of visuomotor learning on functional brain connectivity. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14510. [PMID: 38159049 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Neural adaptation in the frontoparietal and motor cortex-sensorimotor circuits is crucial for acquiring visuomotor skills. However, the specific nature of highly dynamic neural connectivity in these circuits during the acquisition of visuomotor skills remains unclear. To achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between acquisition of visuomotor skills and neural connectivity, we used electroencephalographic coherence to capture highly dynamic nature of neural connectivity. We recruited 60 male novices who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG). Participants in EG were asked to engage in repeated putting practice, but CG did not engage in golf practice. In addition, we analyzed the connectivity by using 8-13 Hz imaginary inter-site phase coherence in the frontoparietal networks (Fz-P3 and Fz-P4) and the motor cortex-sensorimotor networks (Cz-C3 and Cz-C4) during a golf putting task. To gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of learning trajectories, we compared data at three time points: baseline (T1), 50% improvement from baseline (T2), and 100% improvement from baseline (T3). The results primarily focused on EG, an inverted U-shaped coherence curve was observed in the connectivity of the left motor cortex-sensorimotor circuit, whereas an increase in the connectivity of the right frontoparietal circuit from T2 to T3 was revealed. These results imply that the dynamics of cortico-cortical communication, particularly involving the left motor cortex-sensorimotor and frontal-left parietal circuits. In addition, our findings partially support Hikosaka et al.'s model and provide additional insight into the specific role of these circuits in visuomotor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Pin Wang
- Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Neurocognition and Action, Biomechanics Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Chien-Lin Yu
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Shen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Schack
- Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Neurocognition and Action, Biomechanics Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tsung-Min Hung
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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D’Cruz N, De Vleeschhauwer J, Putzolu M, Nackaerts E, Gilat M, Nieuwboer A. Sensorimotor Network Segregation Predicts Long-Term Learning of Writing Skills in Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2024; 14:376. [PMID: 38672025 PMCID: PMC11047850 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prediction of motor learning in Parkinson's disease (PD) is vastly understudied. Here, we investigated which clinical and neural factors predict better long-term gains after an intensive 6-week motor learning program to ameliorate micrographia. We computed a composite score of learning through principal component analysis, reflecting better writing accuracy on a tablet in single and dual task conditions. Three endpoints were studied-acquisition (pre- to post-training), retention (post-training to 6-week follow-up), and overall learning (acquisition plus retention). Baseline writing, clinical characteristics, as well as resting-state network segregation were used as predictors. We included 28 patients with PD (13 freezers and 15 non-freezers), with an average disease duration of 7 (±3.9) years. We found that worse baseline writing accuracy predicted larger gains for acquisition and overall learning. After correcting for baseline writing accuracy, we found female sex to predict better acquisition, and shorter disease duration to help retention. Additionally, absence of FOG, less severe motor symptoms, female sex, better unimanual dexterity, and better sensorimotor network segregation impacted overall learning positively. Importantly, three factors were retained in a multivariable model predicting overall learning, namely baseline accuracy, female sex, and sensorimotor network segregation. Besides the room to improve and female sex, sensorimotor network segregation seems to be a valuable measure to predict long-term motor learning potential in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D’Cruz
- Research Group for Neurorehabilitation (eNRGy), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Box 1500, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (N.D.); (J.D.V.); (E.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Joni De Vleeschhauwer
- Research Group for Neurorehabilitation (eNRGy), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Box 1500, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (N.D.); (J.D.V.); (E.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Martina Putzolu
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Evelien Nackaerts
- Research Group for Neurorehabilitation (eNRGy), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Box 1500, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (N.D.); (J.D.V.); (E.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Moran Gilat
- Research Group for Neurorehabilitation (eNRGy), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Box 1500, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (N.D.); (J.D.V.); (E.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Alice Nieuwboer
- Research Group for Neurorehabilitation (eNRGy), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, Box 1500, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (N.D.); (J.D.V.); (E.N.); (M.G.)
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Zhang C, Zhang Z, Li Y, Yin Y, Feng C, Zhan W, Fu R, Yu Q, Jiang G, Wang C. Alterations in functional connectivity in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain after motor control exercise: a randomized trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2024; 60:319-330. [PMID: 38358464 PMCID: PMC11112508 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.24.08087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor control exercise (MCE) is effective in alleviating non-specific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). Neuro-imaging research is warranted to explore the underlying neural mechanisms of MCE. AIM We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to explore the central mechanism underpinning the effects of MCE in patients with NCLBP. DESIGN A randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial. SETTING The setting was out-patient and community. POPULATION Fifty-eight patients with NCLBP. METHODS Patients were randomized into the MCE or manual therapy (MT) group. All the participants completed pain-related clinical assessments and rs-fMRI scans before and after intervention. We performed exploratory whole-brain analyses in regional homogeneity (ReHo) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) with significant post-pre differences in ReHo before and after intervention, and investigated associations between imaging and pain-related clinical assessments. RESULTS Compared with the MT group, a greater alleviation in pain intensity and disability was observed in the MCE group after intervention, and was sustained at the 6-month follow-up (P<0.001). Only the MCE group showed increased ReHo values in the right pre-central gyrus and decreased ReHo values in the bilateral posterior cerebellum (voxel level P<0.001, cluster-level FWE corrected P<0.05). Decreased rsFC of the right posterior cerebellum-left superior parietal gyrus and left insula were significantly positively associated with pain-related disability (voxel level P<0.001, cluster-level FWE corrected P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that MCE had superior effects in relieving pain and pain-related disability, which might be associated with its modulation of rsFC between the cerebellum and areas involved in sensory-discriminative processing of noxious and somato-sensory stimuli, affection, and cognition. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT This study provided preliminary evidence that MCE might alleviate NCLBP through its modulation of the function of brain areas related to chronic pain and postural control. Those results support MCE's clinical application and help physiotherapists to provide better multidisciplinary interventions with the combination of MCE and other first-line treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuelong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenyang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruochen Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuhua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China -
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuhuai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Fitzgerald B, Bari S, Vike N, Lee TA, Lycke RJ, Auger JD, Leverenz LJ, Nauman E, Goñi J, Talavage TM. Longitudinal changes in resting state fMRI brain self-similarity of asymptomatic high school American football athletes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1747. [PMID: 38243048 PMCID: PMC10799081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
American football has become the focus of numerous studies highlighting a growing concern that cumulative exposure to repetitive, sports-related head acceleration events (HAEs) may have negative consequences for brain health, even in the absence of a diagnosed concussion. In this longitudinal study, brain functional connectivity was analyzed in a cohort of high school American football athletes over a single play season and compared against participants in non-collision high school sports. Football athletes underwent four resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions: once before (pre-season), twice during (in-season), and once 34-80 days after the contact activities play season ended (post-season). For each imaging session, functional connectomes (FCs) were computed for each athlete and compared across sessions using a metric reflecting the (self) similarity between two FCs. HAEs were monitored during all practices and games throughout the season using head-mounted sensors. Relative to the pre-season scan session, football athletes exhibited decreased FC self-similarity at the later in-season session, with apparent recovery of self-similarity by the time of the post-season session. In addition, both within and post-season self-similarity was correlated with cumulative exposure to head acceleration events. These results suggest that repetitive exposure to HAEs produces alterations in functional brain connectivity and highlight the necessity of collision-free recovery periods for football athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Fitzgerald
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Sumra Bari
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Vike
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Taylor A Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Roy J Lycke
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Auger
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Larry J Leverenz
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Eric Nauman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Joaquín Goñi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Thomas M Talavage
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Chhabra D, Kharya C, PremKrishanan A, Singh P, Bhagat OL, Deepak KK, Kochupillai V. Long Sudarshan Kriya Yoga enhances cardiovascular and respiratory synchronization: An observational study. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100867. [PMID: 38244476 PMCID: PMC10831935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY - a rhythmic cyclic breathing) is known to produce several physiological changes in human body. Earlier it has been reported that SKY improves cardiovascular modulations, namely increase in heart rate variability. OBJECTIVE To observe the synchronization in oscillatory modulations in cardiac autonomic tone and ventilatory exchange during Long Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (LSKY). LSKY is a sequential combination of pranayama in ujjayi breath, bhastrika, and cyclic rhythmic breathing followed by yog-nidra. METHODS Regular LSKY practitioners from the Art of Living community with more than two years of experience participated in the study (n = 22; age 40.09 ± 12.68). The Electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration, oxygen saturation, and concentrations of oxygen and carbon-di-oxide from exhaled air were recorded before and during LSKY. The time domain parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated from ECG. All parameters were compared and correlated at each stage of LSKY. RESULTS Highly significant reciprocal correlation was found between HRV parameters and respiration rate during LSKY. Both O2 consumption and CO2 production increased significantly during three stages of pranayama and decreased towards the end of cyclic breathing. We also saw increased SPO2 simultaneously. CONCLUSION The autonomic parameters exhibited reciprocal response to respiratory rate and correlated well to the ventilatory parameters. Further during LSKY we observed enhanced synchronization. In conclusion the LSKY has a potential to influence cardiorespiratory parameters for improving the performance of both systems. LSKY - enhances oscillations in HRV that resets the autonomic system, indicative of better cardiac health and prepares body for better metabolic response. Such changes are capable of inducing resilience along with physiological, psychological relaxation and emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Chhabra
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Ved Vignan Maha Vidhya Peeth, 21st Km, Kanakpura Road, Bangaluru, 560082, India
| | - Chhaya Kharya
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Ved Vignan Maha Vidhya Peeth, 21st Km, Kanakpura Road, Bangaluru, 560082, India.
| | - Archana PremKrishanan
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Ved Vignan Maha Vidhya Peeth, 21st Km, Kanakpura Road, Bangaluru, 560082, India
| | - Priydarshan Singh
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Ved Vignan Maha Vidhya Peeth, 21st Km, Kanakpura Road, Bangaluru, 560082, India
| | - Om Lata Bhagat
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India
| | - K K Deepak
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vinod Kochupillai
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Ved Vignan Maha Vidhya Peeth, 21st Km, Kanakpura Road, Bangaluru, 560082, India
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Kraeutner SN, Rubino C, Ferris JK, Rinat S, Penko L, Chiu L, Greeley B, Jones CB, Larssen BC, Boyd LA. Frontoparietal function and underlying structure reflect capacity for motor skill acquisition during healthy aging. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 133:78-86. [PMID: 37918189 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
While capacity for motor skill acquisition changes with healthy aging, there has been little consideration of how age-related changes in brain function or baseline brain structure support motor skill acquisition. We examined: (1) age-dependent changes in functional reorganization related to frontoparietal regions during motor skill acquisition, and (2) whether capacity for motor skill acquisition relates to baseline white matter microstructure in frontoparietal tracts. Healthy older and younger adults engaged in 4 weeks of skilled motor practice. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) assessed functional reorganization before and after practice. Diffusion tensor imaging indexed microstructure of a frontoparietal tract at baseline, generated by rsFC seeds. Motor skill acquisition was associated with decreases in rsFC in healthy older adults and increases in rsFC in healthy younger adults. Frontoparietal tract microstructure was lower in healthy older versus younger adults, yet it was negatively associated with rate of skill acquisition regardless of group. Findings indicate that age-dependent alterations in frontoparietal function and baseline structure of a frontoparietal tract reflect capacity for motor skill acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Kraeutner
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian, Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Cristina Rubino
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer K Ferris
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shie Rinat
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lauren Penko
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Larissa Chiu
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian Greeley
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christina B Jones
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Beverley C Larssen
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lara A Boyd
- Djavad Mowafaghian, Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Riccardi N, Zhao X, den Ouden DB, Fridriksson J, Desai RH, Wang Y. Network-based statistics distinguish anomic and Broca's aphasia. Brain Struct Funct 2023:10.1007/s00429-023-02738-4. [PMID: 38160205 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aphasia is a speech-language impairment commonly caused by damage to the left hemisphere. The neural mechanisms that underpin different types of aphasia and their symptoms are still not fully understood. This study aims to identify differences in resting-state functional connectivity between anomic and Broca's aphasia measured through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). METHODS We used the network-based statistic (NBS) method, as well as voxel- and connectome-based lesion symptom mapping (V-, CLSM), to identify distinct neural correlates of the anomic and Broca's groups. To control for lesion effect, we included lesion volume as a covariate in both the NBS method and LSM. RESULTS NBS identified a subnetwork located in the dorsal language stream bilaterally, including supramarginal gyrus, primary sensory, motor, and auditory cortices, and insula. The connections in the subnetwork were weaker in the Broca's group than the anomic group. The properties of the subnetwork were examined through complex network measures, which indicated that regions in right inferior frontal sulcus, right paracentral lobule, and bilateral superior temporal gyrus exhibit intensive interaction. Left superior temporal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, and left supramarginal gyrus play an important role in information flow and overall communication efficiency. Disruption of this network underlies the constellation of symptoms associated with Broca's aphasia. Whole-brain CLSM did not detect any significant connections, suggesting an advantage of NBS when thousands of connections are considered. However, CLSM identified connections that differentiated Broca's from anomic aphasia when analysis was restricted to a hypothesized network of interest. DISCUSSION We identified novel signatures of resting-state brain network differences between groups of individuals with anomic and Broca's aphasia. We identified a subnetwork of connections that statistically differentiated the resting-state brain networks of the two groups, in comparison with standard CLSM results that yielded isolated connections. Network-level analyses are useful tools for the investigation of the neural correlates of language deficits post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Riccardi
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Xingpei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Dirk-Bart den Ouden
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Julius Fridriksson
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Rutvik H Desai
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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10
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Li J, Huang M, Cao Y, Qin Z, Lang J. Long-term Intensive Soccer Training Induced Dynamic Reconfiguration of Brain Network. Neuroscience 2023; 530:133-143. [PMID: 37640136 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Long-term motor skill learning has been shown to impact the functional plasticity of the brain. Athletes, as a unique population, exhibit remarkable adaptive changes in the static properties of their brain networks. However, studying the differences between expert and novice athletes using a dynamic brain network framework can provide a fresh perspective on how motor skill learning affects the functional organization of the brain. In this study, we investigated the dynamic properties of brain networks in expert and novice soccer players at the whole-brain, network, and region-based levels. Our findings revealed that expert soccer players displayed reduced integration and increased segregation at the whole-brain level. As for network level, experts exhibited increased segregation and reduced flexibility in the visual network, enhanced integration between the visual and ventral attention networks, and decreased integration in the subcortical-sensorimotor and subcortical-cerebellar networks. Additionally, specific brain regions within the visual network exhibited greater recruitment in expert soccer players compared to novices at the nodal level. Furthermore, classification analyses demonstrated the critical role played by the visual network in the classification process. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the dynamic properties of brain networks in expert and novice soccer players, and suggests that reduced integration and increased segregation in the visual network may be neuroimaging marker that distinguish expert soccer players from novices. Our findings may have implications for the training and development of athletes and advance our understanding of how motor skill learning affects brain functional organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Minghao Huang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yaping Cao
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhe Qin
- College of P.E. and Sports, Northwest Normal University, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Jian Lang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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11
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Lukarski D, Petkoski S, Ji P, Stankovski T. Delta-alpha cross-frequency coupling for different brain regions. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2023; 33:103126. [PMID: 37844293 DOI: 10.1063/5.0157979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Neural interactions occur on different levels and scales. It is of particular importance to understand how they are distributed among different neuroanatomical and physiological relevant brain regions. We investigated neural cross-frequency couplings between different brain regions according to the Desikan-Killiany brain parcellation. The adaptive dynamic Bayesian inference method was applied to EEG measurements of healthy resting subjects in order to reconstruct the coupling functions. It was found that even after averaging over all subjects, the mean coupling function showed a characteristic waveform, confirming the direct influence of the delta-phase on the alpha-phase dynamics in certain brain regions and that the shape of the coupling function changes for different regions. While the averaged coupling function within a region was of similar form, the region-averaged coupling function was averaged out, which implies that there is a common dependence within separate regions across the subjects. It was also found that for certain regions the influence of delta on alpha oscillations is more pronounced and that oscillations that influence other are more evenly distributed across brain regions than the influenced oscillations. When presenting the information on brain lobes, it was shown that the influence of delta emanating from the brain as a whole is greatest on the alpha oscillations of the cingulate frontal lobe, and at the same time the influence of delta from the cingulate parietal brain lobe is greatest on the alpha oscillations of the whole brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushko Lukarski
- Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
- University Clinic for Radiotherapy and Oncology, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Spase Petkoski
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Inst Neurosci Syst (INS), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Peng Ji
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Tomislav Stankovski
- Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, United Kingdom
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12
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Takeda S, Miyamoto R. A randomized controlled trial of changes in resting-state functional connectivity associated with short-term motor learning of chopstick use with the non-dominant hand. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114599. [PMID: 37506851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study identified the offline brain networks associated with motor learning of non-dominant hand chopstick use within-session. METHODS 40 healthy right-handed adults were randomly assigned to the practice and control groups (20 each). The performance, resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC), and their correlation were compared within and between groups. Both groups repeated 9 cycles of 30 s task and rest. During the task, the practice group performed the chopstick-use practice with their left hand, while the control group held chopsticks without acquiring any skills. During the rest, both groups fixated their gaze on a fixation point. The number of times candies were moved using chopsticks with the left hand in 30 s was used to evaluate the performance. RSFC was obtained by resting-state fMRI scanning and extracting Z-scores between the right primary motor cortex and all other brain regions. RESULTS Both the groups improved in the post-task performance; the practice group improved more. The RSFC of the two networks increased in the practice group. One network was the RSFC between the right M1 and the right cerebellar Crus I, positively correlated with performance in the post-task. Another was the RSFC between the right M1 and the left cerebellar Crus II, positively correlated with skills in the amount of change pre- and post-task. CONCLUSION Offline enhancement of RSFC in these networks was shown to contribute to early chopstick-use motor learning with the left hand. These results serve as a basis for future studies on compensatory networks in individuals with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayori Takeda
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Reiko Miyamoto
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Franco-O´Byrne D, Gonzalez-Gomez R, Morales Sepúlveda JP, Vergara M, Ibañez A, Huepe D. The impact of loneliness and social adaptation on depressive symptoms: Behavioral and brain measures evidence from a brain health perspective. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1096178. [PMID: 37077845 PMCID: PMC10108715 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early detection of depression is a cost-effective way to prevent adverse outcomes on brain physiology, cognition, and health. Here we propose that loneliness and social adaptation are key factors that can anticipate depressive symptoms. Methods We analyzed data from two separate samples to evaluate the associations between loneliness, social adaptation, depressive symptoms, and their neural correlates. Results For both samples, hierarchical regression models on self-reported data showed that loneliness and social adaptation have negative and positive effects on depressive symptoms. Moreover, social adaptation reduces the impact of loneliness on depressive symptoms. Structural connectivity analysis showed that depressive symptoms, loneliness, and social adaptation share a common neural substrate. Furthermore, functional connectivity analysis demonstrated that only social adaptation was associated with connectivity in parietal areas. Discussion Altogether, our results suggest that loneliness is a strong risk factor for depressive symptoms while social adaptation acts as a buffer against the ill effects of loneliness. At the neuroanatomical level, loneliness and depression may affect the integrity of white matter structures known to be associated to emotion dysregulation and cognitive impairment. On the other hand, socio-adaptive processes may protect against the harmful effects of loneliness and depression. Structural and functional correlates of social adaptation could indicate a protective role through long and short-term effects, respectively. These findings may aid approaches to preserve brain health via social participation and adaptive social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franco-O´Byrne
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raul Gonzalez-Gomez
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Morales Sepúlveda
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Programa de Doctorado en Neurociencias Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurocienciass, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Educación Psicología y Familia, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mayte Vergara
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Agustin Ibañez
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Huepe
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Ziminski JJ, Frangou P, Karlaftis VM, Emir U, Kourtzi Z. Microstructural and neurochemical plasticity mechanisms interact to enhance human perceptual decision-making. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002029. [PMID: 36897881 PMCID: PMC10032544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Experience and training are known to boost our skills and mold the brain's organization and function. Yet, structural plasticity and functional neurotransmission are typically studied at different scales (large-scale networks, local circuits), limiting our understanding of the adaptive interactions that support learning of complex cognitive skills in the adult brain. Here, we employ multimodal brain imaging to investigate the link between microstructural (myelination) and neurochemical (GABAergic) plasticity for decision-making. We test (in males, due to potential confounding menstrual cycle effects on GABA measurements in females) for changes in MRI-measured myelin, GABA, and functional connectivity before versus after training on a perceptual decision task that involves identifying targets in clutter. We demonstrate that training alters subcortical (pulvinar, hippocampus) myelination and its functional connectivity to visual cortex and relates to decreased visual cortex GABAergic inhibition. Modeling interactions between MRI measures of myelin, GABA, and functional connectivity indicates that pulvinar myelin plasticity interacts-through thalamocortical connectivity-with GABAergic inhibition in visual cortex to support learning. Our findings propose a dynamic interplay of adaptive microstructural and neurochemical plasticity in subcortico-cortical circuits that supports learning for optimized decision-making in the adult human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Ziminski
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Polytimi Frangou
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vasilis M Karlaftis
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Uzay Emir
- Purdue University School of Health Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Zoe Kourtzi
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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15
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Cao X, Wang Z, Chen X, Liu Y, Abdoulaye IA, Ju S, Zhang S, Wu S, Wang Y, Guo Y. Changes in Resting-State Neural Activity and Nerve Fibres in Ischaemic Stroke Patients with Hemiplegia. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:255-268. [PMID: 36604349 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-022-00937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Many neuroimaging studies have reported that stroke induces abnormal brain activity. However, little is known about resting-state networks (RSNs) and the corresponding white matter changes in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Here, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure neural activity and related fibre tracts in 14 ischaemic stroke patients with hemiplegia and 12 healthy controls. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) calculation and correlation analyses were used to assess the relationship between regional neural activity and movement scores. Tractography was performed using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data to analyse the fibres passing through the regions of interest. Compared with controls, stroke patients showed abnormal functional connectivity (FC) between some brain regions in the RSNs. The fALFF was increased in the contralesional parietal lobe, with the regional fALFF being correlated with behavioural scores in stroke patients. Additionally, the passage of fibres across regions with reduced FC in the RSNs was increased in stroke patients. This study suggests that structural remodelling of functionally relevant white matter tracts is probably an adaptive response that compensates for injury to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejin Cao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Idriss Ali Abdoulaye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuancheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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16
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Riahi N, D’Arcy R, Menon C. A Method for Estimating Longitudinal Change in Motor Skill from Individualized Functional-Connectivity Measures. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9857. [PMID: 36560228 PMCID: PMC9781498 DOI: 10.3390/s22249857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pragmatic, objective, and accurate motor assessment tools could facilitate more frequent appraisal of longitudinal change in motor function and subsequent development of personalized therapeutic strategies. Brain functional connectivity (FC) has shown promise as an objective neurophysiological measure for this purpose. The involvement of different brain networks, along with differences across subjects due to age or existing capabilities, motivates an individualized approach towards the evaluation of FC. We advocate the use of EEG-based resting-state FC (rsFC) measures to address the pragmatic requirements. Pertaining to appraisal of accuracy, we suggest using the acquisition of motor skill by healthy individuals that could be quantified at small incremental change. Computer-based tracing tasks are a good candidate in this regard when using spatial error in tracing as an objective measure of skill. This work investigates the application of an individualized method that utilizes Partial Least Squares analysis to estimate the longitudinal change in tracing error from changes in rsFC. Longitudinal data from participants yielded an average accuracy of 98% (standard deviation of 1.2%) in estimating tracing error. The results show potential for an accurate individualized motor assessment tool that reduces the dependence on the expertise and availability of trained examiners, thereby facilitating more frequent appraisal of function and development of personalized training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Riahi
- Schools of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Ryan D’Arcy
- Schools of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- DM Centre for Brain Health, Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- HealthTech Connex, Surrey, BC V3V 0E8, Canada
| | - Carlo Menon
- Schools of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Meijer A, Königs M, Pouwels PJW, Smith J, Visscher C, Bosker RJ, Hartman E, Oosterlaan J. Effects of aerobic versus cognitively demanding exercise interventions on brain structure and function in healthy children-Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14034. [PMID: 35292978 PMCID: PMC9541584 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of physical activity on neurocognitive functioning in children are considered to be facilitated by physical activity-induced changes in brain structure and functioning. In this study, we examined the effects of two 14-week school-based exercise interventions in healthy children on white matter microstructure and brain activity in resting-state networks (RSNs) and whether changes in white matter microstructure and RSN activity mediate the effects of the exercise interventions on neurocognitive functioning. A total of 93 children were included in this study (51% girls, mean age 9.13 years). The exercise interventions consisted of four physical education lessons per week, focusing on either aerobic or cognitively demanding exercise and were compared with a control group that followed their regular physical education program of two lessons per week. White matter microstructure was assessed using diffusion tensor imaging in combination with tract-based spatial statistics. Independent component analysis was performed on resting-state data to identify RSNs. Furthermore, neurocognitive functioning (information processing and attention, working memory, motor response inhibition, interference control) was assessed by a set of computerized tasks. Results indicated no Group × Time effects on white matter microstructure or RSN activity, indicating no effects of the exercise interventions on these aspects of brain structure and function. Likewise, no Group × Time effects were found for neurocognitive performance. This study indicated that 14-week school-based interventions regarding neither aerobic exercise nor cognitive-demanding exercise interventions influence brain structure and brain function in healthy children. This study was registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR5341).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meijer
- Clinical Neuropsychology SectionVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marsh Königs
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Emma Neuroscience GroupEmma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Petra J. W. Pouwels
- Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam UMC, Vrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joanne Smith
- Center for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Chris Visscher
- Center for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Roel J. Bosker
- Groningen Institute for Educational ResearchUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Esther Hartman
- Center for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology SectionVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Emma Neuroscience GroupEmma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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18
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Meijer A, Königs M, Pouwels PJ, Smith J, Visscher C, Bosker RJ, Hartman E, Oosterlaan J. Resting state networks mediate the association between both cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skills with neurocognitive functioning. Child Dev 2022; 93:e412-e426. [PMID: 35426121 PMCID: PMC9545658 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skill performance are related to neurocognitive functioning by influencing brain structure and functioning. This study investigates the role of resting-state networks (RSNs) in the relation of cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skills with neurocognitive functioning in healthy 8- to 11-year-old children (n = 90, 45 girls, 10% migration background). Cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skills were related to brain activity in RSNs. Furthermore, brain activity in RSNs mediated the relation of both cardiovascular fitness (Frontoparietal network and Somatomotor network) and gross motor skills (Somatomotor network) with neurocognitive functioning. The results indicate that brain functioning may contribute to the relation between both cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skills with neurocognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meijer
- Clinical Neuropsychology SectionVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marsh Königs
- Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of PediatricsAmsterdam Reproduction & DevelopmentUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Petra J.W. Pouwels
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joanne Smith
- Center for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Chris Visscher
- Center for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Roel J. Bosker
- Groningen Institute for Educational ResearchUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Esther Hartman
- Center for Human Movement SciencesUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology SectionVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of PediatricsAmsterdam Reproduction & DevelopmentUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Associations between resting-state functional connectivity changes and prolonged benefits of writing training in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2022; 269:4696-4707. [PMID: 35420350 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our earlier work showed that automaticity and retention of writing skills improved with intensive writing training in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether this training changed the resting-state networks in the brain and how these changes underlie retention of motor learning is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) and their relation to behavioral changes immediately after writing training and at 6 week follow-up. METHODS Twenty-five PD patients underwent resting-state fMRI (ON medication) before and after 6 weeks writing training. Motor learning was evaluated with a dual task paradigm pre- and post-training and at follow-up. Next, pre-post within-network changes in rs-FC were identified by an independent component analysis. Significant clusters were used as seeds in ROI-to-ROI analyses and rs-FC changes were correlated with changes in behavioral performance over time. RESULTS Similar to our larger cohort findings, writing accuracy in single and dual task conditions improved post-training and this was maintained at follow-up. Connectivity within the dorsal attentional network (DAN) increased pre-post training, particularly with the right superior and middle temporal gyrus (rS/MTG). This cluster also proved more strongly connected to parietal and frontal areas and to cerebellar regions. Behavioral improvements from pre- to post-training and follow-up correlated with increased rs-FC between rS/MTG and the cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS Training-driven improvements in dual task writing led to functional reorganization within the DAN and increased connectivity with cerebellar areas. These changes were associated with the retention of writing gains and could signify task-specific neural changes or an inability to segregate neural networks.
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20
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Narayana S, Franklin C, Peterson E, Hunter EJ, Robin DA, Halpern A, Spielman J, Fox PT, Ramig LO. Immediate and long-term effects of speech treatment targets and intensive dosage on Parkinson's disease dysphonia and the speech motor network: Randomized controlled trial. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:2328-2347. [PMID: 35141971 PMCID: PMC8996348 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared acoustic and neural changes accompanying two treatments matched for intensive dosage but having two different treatment targets (voice or articulation) to dissociate the effects of treatment target and intensive dosage in speech therapies. Nineteen participants with Parkinsonian dysphonia (11 F) were randomized to three groups: intensive treatment targeting voice (voice group, n = 6), targeting articulation (articulation group, n = 7), or an untreated group (no treatment, n = 6). The severity of dysphonia was assessed by the smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) and neuronal changes were evaluated by cerebral blood flow (CBF) recorded at baseline, posttreatment, and 7-month follow-up. Only the voice treatment resulted in significant posttreatment improvement in CPPS, which was maintained at 7 months. Following voice treatment, increased activity in left premotor and bilateral auditory cortices was observed at posttreatment, and in the left motor and auditory cortices at 7-month follow-up. Articulation treatment resulted in increased activity in bilateral premotor and left insular cortices that were sustained at a 7-month follow-up. Activation in the auditory cortices and a significant correlation between the CPPS and CBF in motor and auditory cortices was observed only in the voice group. The intensive dosage resulted in long-lasting behavioral and neural effects as the no-treatment group showed a progressive decrease in activity in areas of the speech motor network out to a 7-month follow-up. These results indicate that dysphonia and the speech motor network can be differentially modified by treatment targets, while intensive dosage contributes to long-lasting effects of speech treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Narayana
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Crystal Franklin
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Eric J Hunter
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Donald A Robin
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Angela Halpern
- LSVT Global Inc, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,National Center for Voice and Speech and Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer Spielman
- National Center for Voice and Speech and Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.,Front Range Voice Care, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Audie L. Murphy South Texas Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Lorraine O Ramig
- LSVT Global Inc, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,National Center for Voice and Speech and Department of Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.,Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Multicomponent Aquatic Training (MAT) Program for People with Parkinson's Disease: A Protocol for a Controlled Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031727. [PMID: 35162750 PMCID: PMC8835400 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The complications from Parkinson’s disease (PD) are directly related to decreased muscle function, balance deficits, and independence loss. Practicing aquatic exercises can minimize these symptoms and slow disease progress. Objective: To develop a Multicomponent Aquatic Training (MAT) protocol for people with PD between stages 1 and 4 of the Hoehn and Yahr scale. Methods: The protocol is for a single blind controlled clinical trial. The sample will comprise of people with PD between stages 1 and 4 in Hoehn and Yahr scale, divided into a control group and MAT group (who will participate in the MAT). Musculoskeletal function, functional mobility, and balance will be the primary outcomes of interest, assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer, the Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand test (FTSST), the Timed “Up and Go” test (TUG), the 6-m gait speed test, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and a force platform. Quality of life (QOL), activities of daily living (ADL), and motor aspects will be the secondary outcome measures, assessed with the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), sections II and III. The MAT will be 12 weeks long, with two 50-min sessions per week. The outcome measures will be assessed before and after the interventions. Discussion: This study is expected to establish parameters to prescribe and monitor a MAT program for people with PD in stages 1 to 4 in the Hoehn and Yahr scale, respecting individual progress and assisting the professionals in their procedure with these people.
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22
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Nasrallah FA, Mohamed AZ, Yap HK, Lai HS, Yeow CH, Lim JH. Effect of proprioceptive stimulation using a soft robotic glove on motor activation and brain connectivity in stroke survivors. J Neural Eng 2021; 18:066049. [PMID: 34933283 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac456c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Soft-robotic-assisted training may improve motor function during post-stroke recovery, but the underlying physiological changes are not clearly understood. We applied a single-session of intensive proprioceptive stimulation to stroke survivors using a soft robotic glove to delineate its short-term influence on brain functional activity and connectivity. APPROACH In this study, we utilized task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to characterize the changes in different brain networks following a soft robotic intervention. Nine stroke patients with hemiplegic upper limb engaged in resting-state and motor-task fMRI. The motor tasks comprised two conditions: active movement of fingers (active task) and glove-assisted active movement using a robotic glove (glove-assisted task), both with visual instruction. Each task was performed using bilateral hands simultaneously or the affected hand only. The same set of experiments was repeated following a 30-minute treatment of continuous passive motion (CPM) using a robotic glove. MAIN RESULTS On simultaneous bimanual movement, increased activation of supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor area (M1) were observed after CPM treatment compared to the pre-treatment condition, both in active and glove-assisted task. However, when performing the tasks solely using the affected hand, the phenomena of increased activity were not observed either in active or glove-assisted task. The comparison of the resting-state fMRI between before and after CPM showed the connectivity of the supramarginal gyrus and SMA was increased in the somatosensory network and salience network. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates how passive motion exercise activates M1 and SMA in the post-stroke brain. The effective proprioceptive motor integration seen in bimanual exercise in contrast to the unilateral affected hand exercise suggests that the unaffected hemisphere might reconfigure connectivity to supplement damaged neural networks in the affected hemisphere. The somatosensory modulation rendered by the intense proprioceptive stimulation would affect the motor learning process in stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima A Nasrallah
- The University of Queensland Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Saint Lucia, Queensland, 4072, AUSTRALIA
| | - Abdalla Z Mohamed
- The University of Queensland Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Saint Lucia, Queensland, 4072, AUSTRALIA
| | - Hong Kai Yap
- Roceso Technologies, 83 Science Park Dr #04-01, Singapore, 118258, SINGAPORE
| | - Hwa Sen Lai
- National University of Singapore, Biomedical Engineering, Singapore, 119260, SINGAPORE
| | - Chen-Hua Yeow
- National University of Singapore, Biomedical Engineering, Singapore, 119260, SINGAPORE
| | - Jeong Hoon Lim
- School of Medicine, Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower block level 10 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SINGAPORE
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23
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Longitudinal changes in network engagement during cognitive control in cocaine use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 229:109151. [PMID: 34753083 PMCID: PMC8671376 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is characterized by poor cognitive control and has limited empirically supported treatment options. Furthermore, an understanding of brain mechanisms underlying CUD is at a relatively early stage. Thus, this study aimed to investigate longitudinal alterations in functional neural networks associated with cognitive control in cocaine use disorder (CUD). METHODS Secondary analysis was performed on data from 44 individuals who participated in three randomized clinical trials for CUD and completed an fMRI Stroop task both at baseline and post-treatment. Independent component analysis (ICA) was performed to assess changes in functional network engagement and investigate associations with cocaine-use behaviors. Mixed linear models were performed to test for longitudinal effects on network engagement and relationships with baseline patterns of cocaine use (i.e., past-month frequency and lifetime years of use) and periods of abstinence/use between scans (i.e., percent negative urine toxicology and maximum days of contiguous abstinence). RESULTS Six functional networks were identified as being related to cognitive control and/or exhibiting changes in engagement following treatment. Results indicated that engagement of amygdala-striatal, middle frontal and right-frontoparietal networks were reduced over time in CUD. Less change in the amygdala-striatal network was associated with greater lifetime years of cocaine use. Additional analyses revealed that negative toxicology results and achievement of continuous abstinence were associated with greater engagement of the right-frontoparietal network. CONCLUSIONS Neural systems that underlie cognitive control may change over time in individuals with CUD. A longer history of cocaine-use may hinder changes in network activity, potentially impeding recovery.
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24
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Jäger ATP, Huntenburg JM, Tremblay SA, Schneider U, Grahl S, Huck J, Tardif CL, Villringer A, Gauthier CJ, Bazin PL, Steele CJ. Motor sequences; separating the sequence from the motor. A longitudinal rsfMRI study. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 227:793-807. [PMID: 34704176 PMCID: PMC8930963 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In motor learning, sequence specificity, i.e. the learning of specific sequential associations, has predominantly been studied using task-based fMRI paradigms. However, offline changes in resting state functional connectivity after sequence-specific motor learning are less well understood. Previous research has established that plastic changes following motor learning can be divided into stages including fast learning, slow learning and retention. A description of how resting state functional connectivity after sequence-specific motor sequence learning (MSL) develops across these stages is missing. This study aimed to identify plastic alterations in whole-brain functional connectivity after learning a complex motor sequence by contrasting an active group who learned a complex sequence with a control group who performed a control task matched for motor execution. Resting state fMRI and behavioural performance were collected in both groups over the course of 5 consecutive training days and at follow-up after 12 days to encompass fast learning, slow learning, overall learning and retention. Between-group interaction analyses showed sequence-specific decreases in functional connectivity during overall learning in the right supplementary motor area (SMA). We found that connectivity changes in a key region of the motor network, the superior parietal cortex (SPC) were not a result of sequence-specific learning but were instead linked to motor execution. Our study confirms the sequence-specific role of SMA that has previously been identified in online task-based learning studies, and extends it to resting state network changes after sequence-specific MSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Thekla P Jäger
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. .,Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Stefanie A Tremblay
- Department of Physics/Perform Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Uta Schneider
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sophia Grahl
- Clinic of Neurology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Huck
- Department of Physics/Perform Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine L Tardif
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig, Germany.,IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Centre 1052-A5, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudine J Gauthier
- Department of Physics/Perform Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christopher J Steele
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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25
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Dirren E, Bourgeois A, Klug J, Kleinschmidt A, van Assche M, Carrera E. The neural correlates of intermanual transfer. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118657. [PMID: 34687859 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermanual transfer of motor learning is a form of learning generalization that leads to behavioral advantages in various tasks of daily life. It might also be useful for rehabilitation of patients with unilateral motor deficits. Little is known about neural structures and cognitive processes that mediate intermanual transfer. Previous studies have suggested a role for primary motor cortex (M1) and the supplementary motor area (SMA). Here, we investigated the functional neuroanatomy of intermanual transfer with a special emphasis on functional connectivity within the motor network and between motor regions and attentional networks, including the fronto-parietal executive control network and visual attention networks. We designed a finger tapping task, in which young, heathy subjects trained the non-dominant left hand in the MRI scanner. Behaviorally, transfer of sequence learning was observed in most cases, independently of the trained hand's performance. Pre- and post-training functional connectivity patterns of cortical motor seeds were investigated using generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses. Transfer was correlated with the strength of connectivity between the left premotor cortex and structures within the dorsal attention network (superior parietal cortex, left middle temporal gyrus) and executive control network (right prefrontal regions) during pre-training, relative to post-training. Changes in connectivity within the motor network, and more particularly between trained and untrained M1, as well as between the SMA and untrained M1, correlated with transfer after training. Together, these results suggest that the interplay between attentional, executive and motor networks may support processes leading to transfer, whereas, following training, transfer translates into increased connectivity within the motor network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Dirren
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 1205, Switzerland.
| | - Alexia Bourgeois
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 1205, Switzerland; Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
| | - Julian Klug
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Kleinschmidt
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
| | - Mitsouko van Assche
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Carrera
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
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26
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Gao Q, Huang Y, Xiang Y, Yang C, Zhang M, Guo J, Wang H, Yu J, Cui Q, Chen H. Altered dynamics of functional connectivity density associated with early and advanced stages of motor training in tennis and table tennis athletes. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1323-1334. [PMID: 32748323 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Until now, knowledge about the effects of motor training on the temporal dynamics of the brain functional organization is still limited. Here we combined dynamic functional connectivity density (dFCD) mapping and k-means clustering analyses to explore how early and advanced stages of motor training affected the brain dynamic FC architecture and dynamic states in little-ball athletes using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of student-athletes (SA), elite athletes (EA) and non-athlete healthy controls (NC). The ANOVA analysis demonstrated the levels of dFCD variability in the EA group had the trend to regress to the NC group levels in all statistically significant regions. Specifically, the brain regions responsible for the basic motor and sensory innervations showed more stabilized dFCD variability in EA and NC compared with SA. The results supported the idea of a stronger efficiency of functional networks and an automation process of new motor skills in EA. Furthermore, EA and NC had the increased dFCD variability in brain regions responsible for top-down visual-motor control compared with SA; while EA exhibited more flexible alterations in FCD status levels and the equilibrium probability in the long run compared with SA and NC. This suggested that regions involved in higher functions of visual-motor control exhibited more flexibility in functional regulation with other brain networks in EA. Our findings suggested the diversity and specialization of fluctuating dynamic brain adaption induced by motor training in different training stages, and highlighted the effect of motor training stages on brain functional adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Gao
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yue Huang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Chengbo Yang
- The Third Department of Physical Education and Training, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Zhang
- Information Technology Center, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingpu Guo
- The Third Department of Physical Education and Training, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Wang
- The Third Department of Physical Education and Training, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Yu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qian Cui
- School of Public Affairs and Administration, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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27
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Yin D, Wang X, Zhang X, Yu Q, Wei Y, Cai Q, Fan M, Li L. Dissociable plasticity of visual-motor system in functional specialization and flexibility in expert table tennis players. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1973-1990. [PMID: 34041612 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02304-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Specialization and flexibility are two basic attributes of functional brain organization, enabling efficient cognition and behavior. However, it is largely unknown what plastic changes in specialization and flexibility in visual-motor areas occur in support of extraordinary motor skills in expert athletes and how the selective adaptability of the visual-motor system affects general perceptual or cognitive domains. Here, we used a dynamic network framework to investigate intrinsic functional specialization and flexibility of visual-motor system in expert table tennis players (TTP). Our results showed that sensorimotor areas increased intrinsic functional flexibility, whereas visual areas increased intrinsic functional specialization in expert TTP compared to nonathletes. Moreover, the flexibility of the left putamen was positively correlated with skill level, and that of the left lingual gyrus was positively correlated with behavioral accuracy of a sport-unrelated attention task. This study has uncovered dissociable plasticity of the visual-motor system and their predictions of individual differences in skill level and general attention processing. Furthermore, our time-resolved analytic approach is applicable across other professional athletes for understanding their brain plasticity and superior behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiurong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Mingxia Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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28
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Kraeutner SN, Rubino C, Rinat S, Lakhani B, Borich MR, Wadden KP, Boyd LA. Resting State Connectivity Is Modulated by Motor Learning in Individuals After Stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2021; 35:513-524. [PMID: 33825574 PMCID: PMC8135242 DOI: 10.1177/15459683211006713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective Activity patterns across brain regions that can be characterized at rest (ie, resting-state functional connectivity [rsFC]) are disrupted after stroke and linked to impairments in motor function. While changes in rsFC are associated with motor recovery, it is not clear how rsFC is modulated by skilled motor practice used to promote recovery. The current study examined how rsFC is modulated by skilled motor practice after stroke and how changes in rsFC are linked to motor learning. Methods Two groups of participants (individuals with stroke and age-matched controls) engaged in 4 weeks of skilled motor practice of a complex, gamified reaching task. Clinical assessments of motor function and impairment, and brain activity (via functional magnetic resonance imaging) were obtained before and after training. Results While no differences in rsFC were observed in the control group, increased connectivity was observed in the sensorimotor network, linked to learning in the stroke group. Relative to healthy controls, a decrease in network efficiency was observed in the stroke group following training. Conclusions Findings indicate that rsFC patterns related to learning observed after stroke reflect a shift toward a compensatory network configuration characterized by decreased network efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Rubino
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shie Rinat
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bimal Lakhani
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Katie P Wadden
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Lara A Boyd
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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29
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Magon S, Pfister A, Laura G, Lüthi M, Papadopoulou A, Kappos L, Sprenger T. Short timescale modulation of cortical and cerebellar activity in the early phase of motor sequence learning: an fMRI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:2159-2175. [PMID: 31352651 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Motor learning is a multi-stage process, in which the involvement of different brain regions is related to the specific stage. We aimed at characterising short timescale changes of brain activity induced by motor sequence learning. Twenty healthy volunteers performed a serial reaction time task during an MRI session in a 3 T scanner. The task consisted of two conditions: repeated and random, that were compared over the whole fMRI run, as well as within sections, to investigate brain activity modulating related to the learning stage. The whole fMRI run analysis showed a stronger response for the repeated condition in fronto-parietal regions, cerebellum and thalamus. The analysis on sections showed initially increased right cerebellar activity. In the subsequent phase, bilateral cerebellar activity was observed, while no increased activity was seen in the last phase, when the learning was established. At the neocortical level, the repeated condition showed stronger activity at first in fronto-parietal regions bilaterally, then lateralized to the right hemisphere in the last learning phase. This study showed short time scale brain activity modulation in cortical and cerebellar regions with involvement of different brain regions over the learning process not restricted to the motor circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Magon
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
- Medical Image Analysis Center, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Armanda Pfister
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gaetano Laura
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Image Analysis Center, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Lüthi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Athina Papadopoulou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig Kappos
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Till Sprenger
- Department of Neurology, DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
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30
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Vinci-Booher S, James TW, James KH. Visual-motor contingency during symbol production contributes to short-term changes in the functional connectivity during symbol perception and long-term gains in symbol recognition. Neuroimage 2021; 227:117554. [PMID: 33359354 PMCID: PMC8918035 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Letter production relies on a tight coupling between motor movements and visual feedback-each stroke of the letter is visually experienced as it is produced. Experience with letter production leads to increases in functional connectivity, a measure of neural communication, among visual and motor brain systems and leads to gains in letter recognition in preliterate children. We hypothesized that the contingency between the motor and visual experiences of the written form during production would result in both effects. Twenty literate adults were trained on four sets of novel symbols over the course of one week. Each symbol set was trained through one of four training conditions: drawing with ink, drawing without ink, watching a handwritten symbol unfold as if being drawn, and watching a static handwritten symbol. Contingency of motor and visual experiences occurred in the drawing with ink condition. The motor and visual experiences were rendered non-contingent in each of the other three conditions by controlling for visual or motor experience. Participants were presented with the trained symbols during fMRI scanning at three time points: one pre-training, one post-training, and one after a week-long no-training delay. Recognition was tested after each training session and after the third scan. We found that the contingency between visual and motor experiences during production changed the pattern of functional connectivity among visual, motor, and auditory neural communities and resulted in better recognition performance at post-training than at pre-training. Recognition gains were maintained after the no-training delay, but the functional connections observed immediately after training returned to their pre-training baselines. Our results suggest that behaviors that couple sensory and motor systems result in temporary changes in neural communication during perception that may not directly support changes in recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vinci-Booher
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, United States.
| | - T W James
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - K H James
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, United States
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31
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Lang S, Gan LS, McLennan C, Kirton A, Monchi O, Kelly JJP. Preoperative Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Glioma Patients: A Proof of Concept Pilot Study. Front Neurol 2020; 11:593950. [PMID: 33329346 PMCID: PMC7710969 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.593950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used extensively in patient populations to facilitate motor network plasticity. However, it has not been studied in patients with brain tumors. We aimed to determine the feasibility of a preoperative motor training and tDCS intervention in patients with glioma. In an exploratory manner, we assessed changes in motor network connectivity following this intervention and related these changes to predicted electrical field strength from the stimulated motor cortex. Methods: Patients with left-sided glioma (n=8) were recruited in an open label proof of concept pilot trial and participated in four consecutive days of motor training combined with tDCS. The motor training consisted of a 60-min period where the subject learned to play the piano with their right hand. Concurrently, they received 40 min of 2 mA anodal tDCS of the left motor cortex. Patients underwent task and resting state fMRI before and after this intervention. Changes in both the connectivity of primary motor cortex (M1) and general connectivity across the brain were assessed. Patient specific finite element models were created and the predicted electrical field (EF) resulting from stimulation was computed. The magnitude of the EF was extracted from left M1 and correlated to the observed changes in functional connectivity. Results: There were no adverse events and all subjects successfully completed the study protocol. Left M1 increased both local and global connectivity. Voxel-wide measures, not constrained by a specific region, revealed increased global connectivity of the frontal pole and decreased global connectivity of the supplementary motor area. The magnitude of EF applied to the left M1 correlated with changes in global connectivity of the right M1. Conclusion: In this proof of concept pilot study, we demonstrate for the first time that tDCS appears to be feasible in glioma patients. In our exploratory analysis, we show preoperative motor training combined with tDCS may alter sensorimotor network connectivity. Patient specific modeling of EF in the presence of tumor may contribute to understanding the dose-response relationship of this intervention. Overall, this suggests the possibility of modulating neural networks in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Lang
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Non-invasive Neurostimulation Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Liu Shi Gan
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Non-invasive Neurostimulation Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cael McLennan
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Non-invasive Neurostimulation Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oury Monchi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Non-invasive Neurostimulation Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John J P Kelly
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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32
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Haar S, van Assel CM, Faisal AA. Motor learning in real-world pool billiards. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20046. [PMID: 33208785 PMCID: PMC7674448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurobehavioral mechanisms of human motor-control and learning evolved in free behaving, real-life settings, yet this is studied mostly in reductionistic lab-based experiments. Here we take a step towards a more real-world motor neuroscience using wearables for naturalistic full-body motion-tracking and the sports of pool billiards to frame a real-world skill learning experiment. First, we asked if well-known features of motor learning in lab-based experiments generalize to a real-world task. We found similarities in many features such as multiple learning rates, and the relationship between task-related variability and motor learning. Our data-driven approach reveals the structure and complexity of movement, variability, and motor learning, enabling an in-depth understanding of the structure of motor learning in three ways: First, while expecting most of the movement learning is done by the cue-wielding arm, we find that motor learning affects the whole body, changing motor-control from head to toe. Second, during learning, all subjects decreased their movement variability and their variability in the outcome. Subjects who were initially more variable were also more variable after learning. Lastly, when screening the link across subjects between initial variability in individual joints and learning, we found that only the initial variability in the right forearm supination shows a significant correlation to the subjects' learning rates. This is in-line with the relationship between learning and variability: while learning leads to an overall reduction in movement variability, only initial variability in specific task-relevant dimensions can facilitate faster learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Haar
- Brain & Behaviour Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Behaviour Analytics Lab, Data Science Institute, London, UK.
| | - Camille M van Assel
- Brain & Behaviour Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Aldo Faisal
- Brain & Behaviour Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Brain & Behaviour Lab, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Behaviour Analytics Lab, Data Science Institute, London, UK.
- UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training in AI for Healthcare, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
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33
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Johnson B, Dodd A, Mayer AR, Hallett M, Slobounov S. Are there any differential responses to concussive injury in civilian versus athletic populations: a neuroimaging study. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:110-117. [PMID: 30361946 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Accurate identification and classification of patients suffering from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant challenge faced by clinicians and researchers. To examine if there are different pathophysiological responses to concussive injury in different populations, evaluated here comparing collegiate athletes versus age-matched non-athletes. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired in the acute phase of concussion from 30 collegiate athletes and from 30 injury and age matched non-athletes. Resting-state functional connectivity measures revealed group differences with reduced connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex (p < .05) and posterior cingulate cortex (p < 0.05) hubs of the Default Mode Network in the athletes. Given the known positive effects of exercise on brain functional reserves and neural efficiency concept, we expected less pronounced effect of concussion in athletic population. In contrast, there were significant decreases in functional connectivity in athletes that could be a result of previous repetitive subconcussive impacts and history of concussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Johnson
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, 276, Recreation Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrew Dodd
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Andrew R Mayer
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Semyon Slobounov
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, 276, Recreation Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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van Vugt FT, Near J, Hennessy T, Doyon J, Ostry DJ. Early stages of sensorimotor map acquisition: neurochemical signature in primary motor cortex and its relation to functional connectivity. J Neurophysiol 2020; 124:1615-1624. [PMID: 32997558 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00285.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The earliest stages of sensorimotor learning involve learning the correspondence between movements and sensory results-a sensorimotor map. The present exploratory study investigated the neurochemical underpinnings of map acquisition by monitoring 25 participants as they acquired a new association between movements and sounds. Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure neurochemical concentrations in the left primary motor cortex during learning. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were also collected before and after training to assess learning-related changes in functional connectivity. There were monotonic increases in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and decreases in glucose during training, which extended into the subsequent rest period and, importantly, in the case of GABA correlated with the amount of learning: participants who showed greater behavioral learning showed greater GABA increase. The GABA change was furthermore correlated with changes in functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex and a cluster of voxels in the right intraparietal sulcus: greater increases in GABA were associated with greater strengthening of connectivity. Transiently, there were increases in lactate and reductions in aspartate, which returned to baseline at the end of training, but only lactate showed a statistical trend to correlate with the amount of learning. In summary, during the earliest stages of sensorimotor learning, GABA levels are linked on a subject-level basis to both behavioral learning and a strengthening of functional connections that persists beyond the training period. The findings are consistent with the idea that GABA-mediated inhibition is linked to maintenance of newly learned information.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Learning the mapping between movements and their sensory effects is a necessary step in the early stages of sensorimotor learning. There is evidence showing which brain areas are involved in early motor learning, but their role remains uncertain. Here, we show that GABA, a neurotransmitter linked to inhibitory processing, rises during and after learning and is involved in ongoing changes in resting-state networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T van Vugt
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Near
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - T Hennessy
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Doyon
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department Of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D J Ostry
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut
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Christiansen L, Larsen MN, Madsen MJ, Grey MJ, Nielsen JB, Lundbye-Jensen J. Long-term motor skill training with individually adjusted progressive difficulty enhances learning and promotes corticospinal plasticity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15588. [PMID: 32973251 PMCID: PMC7518278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor skill acquisition depends on central nervous plasticity. However, behavioural determinants leading to long lasting corticospinal plasticity and motor expertise remain unexplored. Here we investigate behavioural and electrophysiological effects of individually tailored progressive practice during long-term motor skill training. Two groups of participants practiced a visuomotor task requiring precise control of the right digiti minimi for 6 weeks. One group trained with constant task difficulty, while the other group trained with progressively increasing task difficulty, i.e. continuously adjusted to their individual skill level. Compared to constant practice, progressive practice resulted in a two-fold greater performance at an advanced task level and associated increases in corticospinal excitability. Differences were maintained 8 days later, whereas both groups demonstrated equal retention 14 months later. We demonstrate that progressive practice enhances motor skill learning and promotes corticospinal plasticity. These findings underline the importance of continuously challenging patients and athletes to promote neural plasticity, skilled performance, and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Christiansen
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Just Madsen
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Michael James Grey
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Bo Nielsen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Lundbye-Jensen
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Irmen F, Karabanov AN, Bögemann SA, Andersen KW, Madsen KH, Bisgaard T, Dyrby TB, Siebner HR. Functional and Structural Plasticity Co-express in a Left Premotor Region During Early Bimanual Skill Learning. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:310. [PMID: 32922275 PMCID: PMC7456840 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Motor skill learning already triggers the functional reorganization of regional brain activity after short periods of training. Recent studies suggest that microstructural change may emerge at similar timescales, but the spatiotemporal profiles of functional and structural plasticity have rarely been traced in parallel. Recently, we demonstrated that 5 days of endoscopic skill training induces changes in task-related brain activity in the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and other areas of the frontoparietal grasping network. Here, we analyzed microstructural data, collected during the same experiment to investigate if microstructural plasticity overlaps temporally and spatially with the training-induced changes in task-related brain activity. Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine students were divided into a full-routine group (n = 20), that underwent three endoscopy training sessions in the MR-scanner as well as a 5-day virtual reality (VR)-endoscopy training and a brief-routine group (n = 19), that only performed the in-scanner endoscopy training sessions. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)-derived fractional anisotropy (FA) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) were collected at baseline, after the first and after the last VR-training session. Results: The full-routine group showed significant FA changes in a left-hemispheric subcortical cluster underlying the PMv region, for which we previously demonstrated functional plasticity during endoscopy training in the same sample. Functional (task-related fMRI) and structural (FA) changes showed the largest change from the first to the second scan, suggesting similar temporal dynamics. In the full-routine group, the FA change in the subcortical cluster underlying the left PMv scaled positively with the individual improvement in endoscopic surgery. Conclusion: Microstructural white-matter plasticity mirrors the spatiotemporal profile of task-dependent plasticity during a 5-day course of endoscopy skill training. The observed similarities motivate future research on the interplay between functional and structural plasticity during early skill acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Irmen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Ninija Karabanov
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sophie Alida Bögemann
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kasper Winther Andersen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thue Bisgaard
- Surgical Department, Centre for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital Køge, Køge, Denmark
| | - Tim B. Dyrby
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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37
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Lee M, Yoon JG, Lee SW. Predicting Motor Imagery Performance From Resting-State EEG Using Dynamic Causal Modeling. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:321. [PMID: 32903663 PMCID: PMC7438792 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery-based brain–computer interfaces (MI-BCIs) send commands to a computer using the brain activity registered when a subject imagines—but does not perform—a given movement. However, inconsistent MI-BCI performance occurs in variations of brain signals across subjects and experiments; this is considered to be a significant problem in practical BCI. Moreover, some subjects exhibit a phenomenon referred to as “BCI-inefficiency,” in which they are unable to generate brain signals for BCI control. These subjects have significant difficulties in using BCI. The primary goal of this study is to identify the connections of the resting-state network that affect MI performance and predict MI performance using these connections. We used a public database of MI, which includes the results of psychological questionnaires and pre-experimental resting-state taken over two sessions on different days. A dynamic causal model was used to calculate the coupling strengths between brain regions with directionality. Specifically, we investigated the motor network in resting-state, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which performs motor planning. As a result, we observed a significant difference in the connectivity strength from the supplementary motor area to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex between the low- and high-MI performance groups. This coupling, measured in the resting-state, is significantly stronger in the high-MI performance group than the low-MI performance group. The connection strength is positively correlated with MI-BCI performance (Session 1: r = 0.54; Session 2: r = 0.42). We also predicted MI performance using linear regression based on this connection (r-squared = 0.31). The proposed predictors, based on dynamic causal modeling, can develop new strategies for improving BCI performance. These findings can further our understanding of BCI-inefficiency and help BCI users to lower costs and save time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Geun Yoon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Whan Lee
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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38
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Neural correlates of motor expertise: Extensive motor training and cortical changes. Brain Res 2020; 1739:146323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Diekfuss JA, Grooms DR, Bonnette S, DiCesare CA, Thomas S, MacPherson RP, Ellis JD, Kiefer AW, Riley MA, Schneider DK, Gadd B, Kitchen K, Barber Foss KD, Dudley JA, Yuan W, Myer GD. Real-time biofeedback integrated into neuromuscular training reduces high-risk knee biomechanics and increases functional brain connectivity: A preliminary longitudinal investigation. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13545. [PMID: 32052868 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prospective evidence indicates that functional biomechanics and brain connectivity may predispose an athlete to an anterior cruciate ligament injury, revealing novel neural linkages for targeted neuromuscular training interventions. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a real-time biofeedback system for altering knee biomechanics and brain functional connectivity. Seventeen healthy, young, physically active female athletes completed 6 weeks of augmented neuromuscular training (aNMT) utilizing real-time, interactive visual biofeedback and 13 served as untrained controls. A drop vertical jump and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging were separately completed at pre- and posttest time points to assess sensorimotor adaptation. The aNMT group had a significant reduction in peak knee abduction moment (pKAM) compared to controls (p = .03, d = 0.71). The aNMT group also exhibited a significant increase in functional connectivity between the right supplementary motor area and the left thalamus (p = .0473 after false discovery rate correction). Greater percent change in pKAM was also related to increased connectivity between the right cerebellum and right thalamus for the aNMT group (p = .0292 after false discovery rate correction, r2 = .62). No significant changes were observed for the controls (ps > .05). Our data provide preliminary evidence of potential neural mechanisms for aNMT-induced motor adaptations that reduce injury risk. Future research is warranted to understand the role of neuromuscular training alone and how each component of aNMT influences biomechanics and functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed A Diekfuss
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dustin R Grooms
- Ohio Musculoskeletal & Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.,Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Scott Bonnette
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christopher A DiCesare
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Staci Thomas
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ryan P MacPherson
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan D Ellis
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adam W Kiefer
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Exercise Science and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Center for Cognition, Action & Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Riley
- Center for Cognition, Action & Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Brooke Gadd
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katie Kitchen
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kim D Barber Foss
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan A Dudley
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Weihong Yuan
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gregory D Myer
- The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA, USA
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40
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Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Brain Tumor Surgical Planning: Feasibility in Clinical Setting. World Neurosurg 2019; 131:356-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Learning to play badminton altered resting-state activity and functional connectivity of the cerebellar sub-regions in adults. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223234. [PMID: 31574108 PMCID: PMC6771995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that sport experts are different from novices in functions and structures of the cerebellar sub-regions and the functional connectivity (FC) associated with the cerebellum, suggesting the role of the cerebellum on motor skill learning (MSL). However, the manipulation of individuals with different motor skills fails to exclude the effects of innate talents. In addition, individuals with higher motor skills often start with the MSL in their young ages. It is still unclear whether the effects regarding the cerebellum would be shown at one's adult age. The present study was to directly alter individuals' motor skills to investigate whether MSL (taking learning to play badminton as an example) in adulthood influences resting-state activity in the cerebellum. To this end, young adults without ball training experience were recruited as participants and were assigned randomly into the experimental group and the control group. Participants in the experimental group were asked to attend a badminton training course for 12 weeks, while the control group did not regularly attend any ball sports during this period. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was recorded before and after the training. Results showed that compared to the control group, the experimental group had smaller amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in right cerebellar hemispheric VI and left VIII after training. For the experimental group, right hemispheric VIII had a stronger FC with left hemispheric IV-V, cerebellar vermal IX, left middle cingulate gyrus and right hippocampus after training. Taken together, these findings suggested that MSL, at least learning to play badminton in adulthood, reduces resting-state activity in different sub-regions in the cerebellum but increases FC between sub-regions of the cerebellum as well as between sub-regions of the cerebellum and cerebral cortices (e.g., middle cingulate cortex and hippocampus).
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42
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The negative correlation between energy consumption and communication efficiency in motor network. Nucl Med Commun 2019; 40:499-507. [PMID: 30807532 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motor network plays an important role in people's daily lives. However, until now, the energy consumption mechanism of motor network remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the energy consumption of motor network. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET ([F]FDG PET) data of 81 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in this study. Metabolic motor network was constructed on the basis of group independent component analysis. Properties of motor network such as degree and nodal efficiency were investigated using graph theory-based analysis. Furthermore, the relationships between [F]FDG standardized uptake value ratio and these properties of each node were investigated. RESULTS A motor network comprising of the following 11 regions were found: left primary motor cortex, right primary motor cortex, left secondary motor cortex, right secondary motor cortex, left primary somatosensory cortex, right primary somatosensory cortex, left secondary somatosensory cortex, right secondary somatosensory cortex, left insular cortex, right insular cortex, and left orbital cortex. Graph theory-based analysis indicated that right primary somatosensory cortex and left secondary somatosensory cortex were the hubs of motor network, and the nodal efficiency and nodal degree share the same order. Further investigation found a significantly negative correlation between nodal efficiency and [F]FDG standardized uptake value ratios. CONCLUSION This study investigated the energy consumption of motor network and found a relationship between energy consumption and communication efficiency. These results may provide insights into the understanding of energy consumption mechanism underlying motor network.Video abstract: http://links.lww.com/NMC/A142.
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Sweeney JA, Gong Q, Lui S, Mosconi MW. Resting-State Brain Network Dysfunctions Associated With Visuomotor Impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Integr Neurosci 2019; 13:17. [PMID: 31213995 PMCID: PMC6554427 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show elevated levels of motor variability that are associated with clinical outcomes. Cortical-cerebellar networks involved in visuomotor control have been implicated in postmortem and anatomical imaging studies of ASD. However, the extent to which these networks show intrinsic functional alterations in patients, and the relationship between intrinsic functional properties of cortical-cerebellar networks and visuomotor impairments in ASD have not yet been clarified. Methods: We examined the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of cortical and cerebellar brain regions during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in 23 individuals with ASD and 16 typically developing (TD) controls. Regions of interest (ROIs) with ALFF values significantly associated with motor variability were identified for for patients and controls respectively, and their functional connectivity (FC) to each other and to the rest of the brain was examined. Results: For TD controls, greater ALFF in bilateral cerebellar crus I, left superior temporal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, and left angular gyrus each were associated with greater visuomotor variability. Greater ALFF in cerebellar lobule VIII was associated with less visuomotor variability. For individuals with ASD, greater ALFF in right calcarine cortex, right middle temporal gyrus (including MT/V5), left Heschl's gyrus, left post-central gyrus, right pre-central gyrus, and left precuneus was related to greater visuomotor variability. Greater ALFF in cerebellar vermis VI was associated with less visuomotor variability. Individuals with ASD and TD controls did not show differences in ALFF for any of these ROIs. Individuals with ASD showed greater posterior cerebellar connectivity with occipital and parietal cortices relative to TD controls, and reduced FC within cerebellum and between lateral cerebellum and pre-frontal and other regions of association cortex. Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest that increased resting oscillations within visuomotor networks in ASD are associated with more severe deficits in controlling variability during precision visuomotor behavior. Differences between individuals with ASD and TD controls in the topography of networks showing relationships to visuomotor behavior suggest atypical patterns of cerebellar-cortical specialization and connectivity in ASD that underlies previously documented visuomotor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Matthew W. Mosconi
- Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Kansas Center for Autism Research and Training, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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44
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Monteiro TS, King BR, Zivari Adab H, Mantini D, Swinnen SP. Age-related differences in network flexibility and segregation at rest and during motor performance. Neuroimage 2019; 194:93-104. [PMID: 30872046 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain networks undergo widespread changes in older age. A large body of knowledge gathered about those changes evidenced an increase of functional connectivity between brain networks. Previous work focused mainly on cortical networks during the resting state. Subcortical structures, however, are of critical importance during the performance of motor tasks. In this study, we investigated age-related changes in cortical, striatal and cerebellar functional connectivity at rest and its modulation by motor task execution. To that end, functional MRI from twenty-five young (mean age 21.5 years) and eighteen older adults (mean age 68.6 years) were analysed during rest and while performing a bimanual tracking task practiced over a two-week period. We found that inter-network connectivity among cortical structures was more positive in older adults both during rest and task performance. Functional connectivity within striatal structures decreased with age during rest and task execution. Network flexibility, the changes in network composition from rest to task, was also reduced in older adults, but only in networks with an age-related increase in connectivity. Finally, flexibility of areas in the prefrontal cortex were associated with lower error scores during task execution, especially in older adults. In conclusion, our findings indicate an age-related reduction in the ability to suppress irrelevant network communication, leading to less segregated and less flexible cortical networks. At the same time, striatal connectivity is impaired in older adults, while cerebellar connectivity shows heterogeneous age-related effects during rest and task execution. Future research is needed to clarify how cortical and subcortical connectivity changes relate to one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Monteiro
- Research Center for Movement Control and Neuroplasticity, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - B R King
- Research Center for Movement Control and Neuroplasticity, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - H Zivari Adab
- Research Center for Movement Control and Neuroplasticity, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - D Mantini
- Research Center for Movement Control and Neuroplasticity, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Functional Imaging Laboratory, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Foundation, Venice, Italy.
| | - S P Swinnen
- Research Center for Movement Control and Neuroplasticity, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
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45
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Karlaftis VM, Giorgio J, Vértes PE, Wang R, Shen Y, Tino P, Welchman AE, Kourtzi Z. Multimodal imaging of brain connectivity reveals predictors of individual decision strategy in statistical learning. Nat Hum Behav 2019; 3:297-307. [PMID: 30873437 PMCID: PMC6413944 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-018-0503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Successful human behaviour depends on the brain's ability to extract meaningful structure from information streams and make predictions about future events. Individuals can differ markedly in the decision strategies they use to learn the environment's statistics, yet we have little idea why. Here, we investigate whether the brain networks involved in learning temporal sequences without explicit reward differ depending on the decision strategy that individuals adopt. We demonstrate that individuals alter their decision strategy in response to changes in temporal statistics and engage dissociable circuits: extracting the exact sequence statistics relates to plasticity in motor corticostriatal circuits, while selecting the most probable outcomes relates to plasticity in visual, motivational and executive corticostriatal circuits. Combining graph metrics of functional and structural connectivity, we provide evidence that learning-dependent changes in these circuits predict individual decision strategy. Our findings propose brain plasticity mechanisms that mediate individual ability for interpreting the structure of variable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Giorgio
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Petra E. Vértes
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Peter Tino
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Zoe Kourtzi
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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46
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Vahdat S, Darainy M, Thiel A, Ostry DJ. A Single Session of Robot-Controlled Proprioceptive Training Modulates Functional Connectivity of Sensory Motor Networks and Improves Reaching Accuracy in Chronic Stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2018; 33:70-81. [PMID: 30595082 DOI: 10.1177/1545968318818902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Passive robot-generated arm movements in conjunction with proprioceptive decision making and feedback modulate functional connectivity (FC) in sensory motor networks and improve sensorimotor adaptation in normal individuals. This proof-of-principle study investigates whether these effects can be observed in stroke patients. METHODS A total of 10 chronic stroke patients with a range of stable motor and sensory deficits (Fugl-Meyer Arm score [FMA] 0-65, Nottingham Sensory Assessment [NSA] 10-40) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after a single session of robot-controlled proprioceptive training with feedback. Changes in FC were identified in each patient using independent component analysis as well as a seed region-based approach. FC changes were related to impairment and changes in task performance were assessed. RESULTS A single training session improved average arm reaching accuracy in 6 and proprioception in 8 patients. Two networks showing training-associated FC change were identified. Network C1 was present in all patients and network C2 only in patients with FM scores >7. Relatively larger C1 volume in the ipsilesional hemisphere was associated with less impairment ( r = 0.83 for NSA, r = 0.73 for FMA). This association was driven by specific regions in the contralesional hemisphere and their functional connections (supramarginal gyrus with FM scores r = 0.82, S1 with NSA scores r = 0.70, and cerebellum with NSA score r = -0.82). CONCLUSION A single session of robot-controlled proprioceptive training with feedback improved movement accuracy and induced FC changes in sensory motor networks of chronic stroke patients. FC changes are related to functional impairment and comprise bilateral sensory and motor network nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahabeddin Vahdat
- 1 McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- 2 University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alexander Thiel
- 1 McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- 3 Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David J Ostry
- 1 McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- 4 Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
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47
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Saunders J, Carlson HL, Cortese F, Goodyear BG, Kirton A. Imaging functional motor connectivity in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1632-1642. [PMID: 30447082 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal stroke causes lifelong disability, particularly hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Arterial ischemic strokes (AIS) are large, cortical, and subcortical injuries acquired near birth due to acute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Periventricular venous infarctions (PVI) are smaller, subcortical strokes acquired prior to 34 weeks gestation involving injury to the periventricular white matter. Both stroke types can damage motor pathways, thus, we investigated resulting alterations in functional motor networks and probed function. We measured blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fluctuations at rest in 38 participants [10 arterial patients (age = 14.7 ± 4.1 years), 10 venous patients (age = 13.5 ± 3.7 years), and 18 typically developing controls (TDCs) (age = 15.3 ± 5.1 years)] and explored strength and laterality of functional connectivity in the motor network. Inclusion criteria included MRI-confirmed, unilateral perinatal stroke, symptomatic hemiparetic cerebral palsy, and 6-19 years old at time of imaging. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses measured temporal correlations in BOLD response over the whole brain using primary motor cortices as seeds. Laterality indices based on mean z-scores in lesioned and nonlesioned hemispheres explored laterality. In AIS patients, significant differences in both strength and laterality of motor network connections were observed compared with TDCs. In PVI patients, motor networks largely resembled those of healthy controls, albeit slightly weaker and asymmetric, despite subcortical damage and hemiparesis. Functional connectivity strengths were not related to motor outcome scores for either stroke group. This study serves as a foundation to better understand how resting-state fMRI can assess motor functional connectivity and potentially be applied to explore mechanisms of interventional therapies after perinatal stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Saunders
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Helen L Carlson
- Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Filomeno Cortese
- Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bradley G Goodyear
- Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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48
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Giorgio J, Karlaftis VM, Wang R, Shen Y, Tino P, Welchman A, Kourtzi Z. Functional brain networks for learning predictive statistics. Cortex 2018; 107:204-219. [PMID: 28923313 PMCID: PMC6181801 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Making predictions about future events relies on interpreting streams of information that may initially appear incomprehensible. This skill relies on extracting regular patterns in space and time by mere exposure to the environment (i.e., without explicit feedback). Yet, we know little about the functional brain networks that mediate this type of statistical learning. Here, we test whether changes in the processing and connectivity of functional brain networks due to training relate to our ability to learn temporal regularities. By combining behavioral training and functional brain connectivity analysis, we demonstrate that individuals adapt to the environment's statistics as they change over time from simple repetition to probabilistic combinations. Further, we show that individual learning of temporal structures relates to decision strategy. Our fMRI results demonstrate that learning-dependent changes in fMRI activation within and functional connectivity between brain networks relate to individual variability in strategy. In particular, extracting the exact sequence statistics (i.e., matching) relates to changes in brain networks known to be involved in memory and stimulus-response associations, while selecting the most probable outcomes in a given context (i.e., maximizing) relates to changes in frontal and striatal networks. Thus, our findings provide evidence that dissociable brain networks mediate individual ability in learning behaviorally-relevant statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Giorgio
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Rui Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China; School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Tino
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Welchman
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zoe Kourtzi
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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49
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Altered functional network connectivity relates to motor development in children born very preterm. Neuroimage 2018; 183:574-583. [PMID: 30144569 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals born very preterm (<32 weeks gestation) are at increased risk for neuromotor impairments. The ability to characterize the structural and functional mechanisms underlying these impairments remains limited using existing neuroimaging techniques. Resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) holds promise for defining the functional network architecture of the developing brain in relation to typical and aberrant neurodevelopment. In 58 very preterm and 65 term-born children studied from birth to age 12 years, we examined relations between functional connectivity measures from low-motion rs-fMRI data and motor skills assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd edition. Across all subscales, motor performance was better in term than very preterm children. Examination of relations between functional connectivity and motor measures using enrichment analysis revealed between-group differences within cerebellar, frontoparietal, and default mode networks, and between basal ganglia-motor, thalamus-motor, basal ganglia-auditory, and dorsal attention-default mode networks. Specifically, very preterm children exhibited weaker associations between motor scores and thalamus-motor and basal ganglia-motor network connectivity. These findings highlight key functional brain systems underlying motor development. They also demonstrate persisting developmental effects of preterm birth on functional connectivity and motor performance in childhood, providing evidence for an alternative network architecture supporting motor function in preterm children.
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50
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Manuel AL, Guggisberg AG, Thézé R, Turri F, Schnider A. Resting-state connectivity predicts visuo-motor skill learning. Neuroimage 2018; 176:446-453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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