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Cheng X, Huang X, Yu Q, Zheng Y, Zheng J, Zhao S, Lo WLA, Wang C, Zhang S. Associations between brain structures, cognition and dual-task performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A study based on voxel-based morphology. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 97:103257. [PMID: 39126810 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the associations between brain structures, cognition, and motor control in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with a focus on dual-task performance. METHODS Thirty MCI patients and thirty healthy controls were enrolled. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Structural magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to calculate brain parenchyma volume and gray matter volume (GMV). Participants performed single- and dual-task Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests, and the correlations between significant GMV differences and task execution time was analyzed. RESULTS MCI patients showed significantly lower MoCA scores, particularly in visuospatial/executive, attention, and delayed recall domains (p < 0.05). Dual-task TUG execution time was significantly increased in MCI patients (p < 0.05). The GMV in the right anterior lobe of the cerebellum and both insulae was positively correlated with visuospatial/executive scores (FDR-corrected, p < 0.05). The GMV of the right cerebellar anterior lobe and insula were significantly reduced in MCI patients (p < 0.05). The GMV of the right cerebellar anterior lobe was negatively correlated with dual-task execution time (r = -0.32, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Smaller GMV in the right anterior lobe of the cerebellum was associated with impaired dual-task performance, which may provide more evidence for the neural mechanisms of cognitive and motor function impairments in MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiuhua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yiyi Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiaxuan Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shuzhi Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Wai Leung Ambrose Lo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chuhuai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Siyun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Hirano D, Wada M, Kimura N, Jinnai D, Goto Y, Taniguchi T. Effects of divided attention on movement-related cortical potential in community-dwelling elderly adults: A preliminary study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34126. [PMID: 39071682 PMCID: PMC11283040 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dual-tasking is defined as performing two or more tasks concurrently. This study aimed to investigate the effect of divided attention on movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) during dual-task performance in 11 community-dwelling elderly individuals while the load of the secondary task was altered. MRCP was recorded during a single task (ST), simple dual task (S-DT), and complex dual task (C-DT) as no-, low-, and high-load divided attention tasks, respectively. The ST involved self-paced tapping with an extended right index finger. In the S-DT and C-DT, the subjects simultaneously performed the ST and a visual number counting task with different levels of load. The coefficient of variation of movement frequency was significantly more variable in the C-DT than in the ST. The MRCP amplitude from electroencephalography electrode C3, contralateral to the moving hand, was significantly higher in the C-DT than in the ST. Higher attention diversion led to a significant reduction in MRCP amplitude in the participants. These results suggest that attention division in dual-task situations plays an important role in movement preparation and execution. We propose that MRCP can serve as a marker for screening the ability of older individuals to perform dual-tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hirano
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Misaki Wada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Kimura
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Daisuke Jinnai
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Goto
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takamichi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
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Ou ZT, Ding Q, Yao ST, Zhang L, Li YW, Lan Y, Xu GQ. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy evidence of cognitive-motor interference in different dual tasks. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:3045-3060. [PMID: 38576168 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Dual tasks (DTs) combining walking with a cognitive task can cause various levels of cognitive-motor interference, depending on which brain resources are recruited in each case. However, the brain activation and functional connectivity underlying cognitive-motor interferences remain to be elucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the neural correlation during different DT conditions in 40 healthy young adults (mean age: 27.53 years, 28 women). The DTs included walking during subtraction or N-Back tasks. Cognitive-motor interference was calculated, and brain activation and functional connectivity were analysed. Portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy was utilized to monitor haemodynamics in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), motor cortex and parietal cortex during each task. Walking interference (decrease in walking speed during DT) was greater than cognitive interference (decrease in cognitive performance during DT), regardless of the type of task. Brain activation in the bilateral PFC and parietal cortex was greater for walking during subtraction than for standing subtraction. Furthermore, brain activation was higher in the bilateral motor and parietal and PFCs for walking during subtraction than for walking alone, but only increased in the PFC for walking during N-Back. Coherence between the bilateral lateral PFC and between the left lateral PFC and left motor cortex was significantly greater for walking during 2-Back than for walking. The PFC, a critical brain region for organizing cognitive and motor functions, played a crucial role in integrating information coming from multiple brain networks required for completing DTs. Therefore, the PFC could be a potential target for the modulation and improvement of cognitive-motor functions during neurorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Tong Ou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Tong Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Wen Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Qing Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ryu H, Ju U, Wallraven C. Decoding visual fatigue in a visual search task selectively manipulated via myopia-correcting lenses. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1307688. [PMID: 38660218 PMCID: PMC11039808 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1307688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Visual fatigue resulting from sustained, high-workload visual activities can significantly impact task performance and general wellbeing. So far, however, little is known about the underlying brain networks of visual fatigue. This study aimed to identify such potential networks using a unique paradigm involving myopia-correcting lenses known to directly modulate subjectively-perceived fatigue levels. Methods A sample of N = 31 myopia participants [right eye-SE: -3.77D (SD: 2.46); left eye-SE: -3.75D (SD: 2.45)] performed a demanding visual search task with varying difficulty levels, both with and without the lenses, while undergoing fMRI scanning. There were a total of 20 trials, after each of which participants rated the perceived difficulty and their subjective visual fatigue level. We used representational similarity analysis to decode brain regions associated with fatigue and difficulty, analyzing their individual and joint decoding pattern. Results and discussion Behavioral results showed correlations between fatigue and difficulty ratings and above all a significant reduction in fatigue levels when wearing the lenses. Imaging results implicated the cuneus, lingual gyrus, middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and declive for joint fatigue and difficulty decoding. Parts of the lingual gyrus were able to selectively decode perceived difficulty. Importantly, a broader network of visual and higher-level association areas showed exclusive decodability of fatigue (culmen, middle temporal gyrus (MTG), parahippocampal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and precuneus). Our findings enhance our understanding of processing within the context of visual search, attention, and mental workload and for the first time demonstrate that it is possible to decode subjectively-perceived visual fatigue during a challenging task from imaging data. Furthermore, the study underscores the potential of myopia-correcting lenses in investigating and modulating fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongsuk Ryu
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Uijong Ju
- Department of Information Display, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Christian Wallraven
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Papitto G, Friederici AD, Zaccarella E. Distinct neural mechanisms for action access and execution in the human brain: insights from an fMRI study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae163. [PMID: 38629799 PMCID: PMC11022341 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Goal-directed actions are fundamental to human behavior, whereby inner goals are achieved through mapping action representations to motor outputs. The left premotor cortex (BA6) and the posterior portion of Broca's area (BA44) are two modulatory poles of the action system. However, how these regions support the representation-output mapping within the system is not yet understood. To address this, we conducted a finger-tapping functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment using action categories ranging from specific to general. Our study found distinct neural behaviors in BA44 and BA6 during action category processing and motor execution. During access of action categories, activity in a posterior portion of BA44 (pBA44) decreased linearly as action categories became less specific. Conversely, during motor execution, activity in BA6 increased linearly with less specific categories. These findings highlight the differential roles of pBA44 and BA6 in action processing. We suggest that pBA44 facilitates access to action categories by utilizing motor information from the behavioral context while the premotor cortex integrates motor information to execute the selected action. This finding enhances our understanding of the interplay between prefrontal cortical regions and premotor cortex in mapping action representation to motor execution and, more in general, of the cortical mechanisms underlying human behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Papitto
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neuropsychology, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School on Neuroscience of Communication: Function, Structure, and Plasticity (IMPRS NeuroCom), Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angela D Friederici
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neuropsychology, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emiliano Zaccarella
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neuropsychology, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Winser SJ, Chan AYY, Whitney SL, Chen CH, Pang MYC. Effectiveness and cost of integrated cognitive and balance training for balance and falls in cerebellar ataxia: a blinded two-arm parallel group RCT. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1267099. [PMID: 38313407 PMCID: PMC10834731 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1267099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with cerebellar ataxia (CA), dual-tasking deteriorates the performance of one or both tasks. Objective Evaluate the effects of 4 weeks of cognitive-coupled intensive balance training (CIBT) on dual-task cost, dynamic balance, disease severity, number of falls, quality of life, cognition and cost among patients with CA. Methods This RCT compared CIBT (Group 1) to single-task training (Group 2) among 32 patients with CA. The intervention included either dual-task (CIBT) or single-task training for 4 weeks followed by 6 months of unsupervised home exercises. Dual-task timed up-and-go test (D-TUG) assessed dual-task cost of the physical and cognitive tasks. Assessment time points included baseline 1 (Week 0:T1), baseline 2 (Week 6:T2), post-intervention (Week 10:T3), and follow-up (Week 34:T4). Results Compared to single-task training CIBT improved the dual-task cost of physical task [MD -8.36 95% CI (-14.47 to -2.36, p < 0.01), dual-tasking ability [-6.93 (-13.16 to -0.70); p = 0.03] assessed using D-TUG, balance assessed using the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARAbal) [-2.03 (-4.04 to -0.19); p = 0.04], visual scores of the SOT (SOT-VIS) [-18.53 (-25.81 to -11.24, p ≤ 0.01] and maximal excursion [13.84 (4.65 to 23.03; p ≤ 0.01] of the Limits of Stability (LOS) in the forward direction and reaction time in both forward [-1.11 (-1.42 to -0.78); p < 0.01] and right [-0.18 (0.05 to 0.31); p < 0.01] directions following 4 weeks of training. CIBT did not have any additional benefits in reducing the number of falls, or improving disease severity, quality of life and cognition. The mean cost of intervention and healthcare costs for 7 months was HKD 33,380 for CIBT group and HKD 38,571 for single-task training group. Conclusion We found some evidence to support the use of CIBT for improving the dual-tasking ability, dual-task cost of physical task and dynamic balance in CA. Future large fully-powered studies are needed to confirm this claim. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04648501, identifier [Ref: NCT04648501].
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley J. Winser
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anne Y. Y. Chan
- Division of Neurology, Prince of Wales Hospital and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susan L. Whitney
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Cynthia H. Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (Primary), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marco Y. C. Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Boccuni L, Abellaneda-Pérez K, Martín-Fernández J, Leno-Colorado D, Roca-Ventura A, Prats Bisbe A, Buloz-Osorio EA, Bartrés-Faz D, Bargalló N, Cabello-Toscano M, Pariente JC, Muñoz-Moreno E, Trompetto C, Marinelli L, Villalba-Martinez G, Duffau H, Pascual-Leone Á, Tormos Muñoz JM. Neuromodulation-induced prehabilitation to leverage neuroplasticity before brain tumor surgery: a single-cohort feasibility trial protocol. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1243857. [PMID: 37849833 PMCID: PMC10577187 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1243857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurosurgery for brain tumors needs to find a complex balance between the effective removal of targeted tissue and the preservation of surrounding brain areas. Neuromodulation-induced cortical prehabilitation (NICP) is a promising strategy that combines temporary inhibition of critical areas (virtual lesion) with intensive behavioral training to foster the activation of alternative brain resources. By progressively reducing the functional relevance of targeted areas, the goal is to facilitate resection with reduced risks of neurological sequelae. However, it is still unclear which modality (invasive vs. non-invasive neuromodulation) and volume of therapy (behavioral training) may be optimal in terms of feasibility and efficacy. Methods and analysis Patients undertake between 10 and 20 daily sessions consisting of neuromodulation coupled with intensive task training, individualized based on the target site and neurological functions at risk of being compromised. The primary outcome of the proposed pilot, single-cohort trial is to investigate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of a non-invasive NICP protocol on neuroplasticity and post-surgical outcomes. Secondary outcomes investigating longitudinal changes (neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and clinical) are measured pre-NICP, post-NICP, and post-surgery. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethical Committee of Fundació Unió Catalana d'Hospitals (approval number: CEI 21/65, version 1, 13/07/2021). The results of the study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific congresses. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05844605.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Boccuni
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kilian Abellaneda-Pérez
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Martín-Fernández
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - David Leno-Colorado
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Roca-Ventura
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Prats Bisbe
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edgar Antonio Buloz-Osorio
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences (Human Anatomy and Embriology Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Bargalló
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge Clínic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Cabello-Toscano
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- Experimental 7T MRI Unit, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo Trompetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucio Marinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Álvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Josep María Tormos Muñoz
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
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Skolasinska P, Basak C, Qin S. Influence of Strenuous Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Age-Related Differences in Brain Activations During Varieties of Cognitive Control. Neuroscience 2023; 520:58-83. [PMID: 37054946 PMCID: PMC10234626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
While there is extensive literature on the beneficial effects of physical activity on age differences in cognitive control, limited research exists on comparing the contributions of strenuous physical activity (sPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals during varieties of cognitive control. The current study addresses this gap in knowledge by investigating BOLD signal differences between high-fit and low-fit older adults, determined by their sPA or CRF, during a novel fMRI task with a hybrid block and event-related design that included transient activations (during switching, updating and their combination trials) and sustained activations (during proactive and reactive control blocks). fBOLD signals from older (n = 25) were compared to more functionally efficient younger (n = 15) adults. High-sPA old showed higher task accuracy than Low-sPA old and similar accuracy as young. Whole-brain fMRI analyses identified higher BOLD activations (esp. dlPFC/MFG) in high-fit old during updating and combination trials that were similar to young, suggesting maintenance of BOLD signals in higher fit older adults during working memory updating. Additionally, both High-sPA and High-CRF related compensatory overactivation were observed in left parietal and occipital areas during sustained activations, which were positively correlated with older adults' accuracy. These results suggest that physical fitness is a modifier of age-related changes in BOLD signal modulation elicited in response to increasing cognitive control demands, with higher fitness in old contributing to both compensatory overactivations and maintenance of task-related brain activations during cognitive control, whereas lower fitness contributed to maladaptive overactivations during lower cognitive demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Skolasinska
- Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
| | - Chandramallika Basak
- Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
| | - Shuo Qin
- Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
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Lin J, Lu J, Shu Z, Yu N, Han J. An EEG-fNIRS neurovascular coupling analysis method to investigate cognitive-motor interference. Comput Biol Med 2023; 160:106968. [PMID: 37196454 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The simultaneous execution of a motor and cognitive dual task may lead to the deterioration of task performance in one or both tasks due to cognitive-motor interference (CMI). Neuroimaging techniques are promising ways to reveal the underlying neural mechanism of CMI. However, existing studies have only explored CMI from a single neuroimaging modality, which lack built-in validation and comparison of analysis results. This work is aimed to establish an effective analysis framework to comprehensively investigate the CMI by exploring the electrophysiological and hemodynamic activities as well as their neurovascular coupling. METHODS Experiments including an upper limb single motor task, single cognitive task, and cognitive-motor dual task were designed and performed with 16 healthy young participants. Bimodal signals of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were recorded simultaneously during the experiments. A novel bimodal signal analysis framework was proposed to extract the task-related components for EEG and fNIRS signals respectively and analyze their correlation. Indicators including within-class similarity and between-class distance were utilized to validate the effectiveness of the proposed analysis framework compared to the canonical channel-averaged method. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the difference in the behavior and neural correlates between the single and dual tasks. RESULTS Our results revealed that the extra cognitive interference caused divided attention in the dual task, which led to the decreased neurovascular coupling between fNIRS and EEG in all theta, alpha, and beta rhythms. The proposed framework was demonstrated to have a better ability in characterizing the neural patterns than the canonical channel-averaged method with significantly higher within-class similarity and between-class distance indicators. CONCLUSIONS This study proposed a method to investigate CMI by exploring the task-related electrophysiological and hemodynamic activities as well as their neurovascular coupling. Our concurrent EEG-fNIRS study provides new insight into the EEG-fNIRS correlation analysis and novel evidence for the mechanism of neurovascular coupling in the CMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianeng Lin
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiewei Lu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhilin Shu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ningbo Yu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Jianda Han
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, China.
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10
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Borji R, Fendri T, Kasmi S, Haddar E, Laatar R, Sahli S, Rebai H. Dual-Task Training Effects on the Cognitive-Motor Interference in Individuals with Intellectual Disability. J Mot Behav 2023; 55:341-353. [PMID: 37076126 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2023.2201183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the effect of dual task (DT) training compared to single task (ST) training on postural and cognitive performances in DT conditions in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Postural sways and cognitive performances were measured separately and simultaneously before and after 8 weeks in the ST training group (STTG), the DT training group (DTTG) and the control group (CG) that did not received any training. Before training, postural sways and cognitive performances were higher in the DT condition compared to ST one in all groups. After training, postural sways were higher in the DT condition compared to the ST only in the STTG and the CG. The cognitive performance increased after training only in the DTTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihab Borji
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Thoraya Fendri
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sofien Kasmi
- Tunisian Research Laboratory 'Sports Performance Optimization (LR09SEP01), National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Emna Haddar
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rabeb Laatar
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Sahli
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Haithem Rebai
- Tunisian Research Laboratory 'Sports Performance Optimization (LR09SEP01), National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
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11
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Xiao Y, Yang T, Shang H. The Impact of Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Training on Physical and Cognitive Functions in Parkinson’s Disease. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030437. [PMID: 36979247 PMCID: PMC10046387 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation is a high-potential approach to improving physical and cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dual-task training innovatively combines motor and cognitive rehabilitation in a comprehensive module. Patients perform motor and cognitive tasks at the same time in dual-task training. The previous studies of dual-task training in PD had high heterogeneity and achieved controversial results. In the current review, we aim to summarize the current evidence of the effect of dual-task training on motor and cognitive functions in PD patients to support the clinical practice of dual-task training. In addition, we also discuss the current opinions regarding the mechanism underlying the interaction between motor and cognitive training. In conclusion, dual-task training is suitable for PD patients with varied disease duration to improve their motor function. Dual-task training can improve motor symptoms, single-task gait speed, single-task steep length, balance, and objective experience of freezing of gait in PD. The improvement in cognitive function after dual-task training is mild.
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12
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Ito Y, Ito T, Ohno A, Kubota T, Tanemura K, Narahara S, Kataoka E, Hyodo R, Sugiyama Y, Hattori T, Kidokoro H, Sugiura H, Noritake K, Natsume J, Ochi N. Gait performance and dual-task costs in school-aged children with Down syndrome. Brain Dev 2023; 45:171-178. [PMID: 36424235 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional observational study aimed to assess gait performance, its correlation with physical functions, and its dual-task costs in children with Down syndrome (DS), to investigate their gait adaptations. METHODS Gait performance with or without movie-watching tasks was evaluated in 17 children with DS (age, 6-12 years) and 51 age- and sex-matched controls, using three-dimensional gait analysis. We compared participants' demographics, physical functions, and gait performance without tasks between the two groups. In the DS group, correlations between physical functions, the intelligence quotient, and gait variables were assessed. Dual-task costs for gait variables were also compared between the two groups. RESULTS Children with DS showed poorer balance function and muscle strength and lower gait quality than the control group. In the DS group, there was a significant positive correlation between gait speed, step length, and intelligence quotient. There were no correlations between the balance function, muscle strength, intelligence quotient, and gait quality. Dual-task costs for gait speed, step length, and cadence were greater in the DS group; however, there was no significant difference in dual-task costs for gait quality between the two groups. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of providing appropriate interventions for motor functions in school-aged children with DS based on their gait performance in single- and dual-task conditions, as well as on their intelligence quotient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Aichi, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Ito
- Three-dimensional Motion Analysis Room, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ohno
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Toyota Municipal Child Development Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanemura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Narahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Aichi, Japan
| | - Erina Kataoka
- Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Reina Hyodo
- Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Hattori
- Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kidokoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hideshi Sugiura
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Noritake
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Natsume
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan; Department of Developmental Disability Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ochi
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Prefecture Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Aichi, Japan
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Wiśniowska J, Łojek E, Olejnik A, Chabuda A. The Characteristics of the Reduction of Interference Effect during Dual-Task Cognitive-Motor Training Compared to a Single Task Cognitive and Motor Training in Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1477. [PMID: 36674229 PMCID: PMC9864789 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have indicated a weakening in several areas of cognitive functioning associated with the normal ageing process. One of the methods supporting cognitive functions in older adults is dual-task training which is based on performing cognitive and motor exercises at the same time. The study aimed at examining the characteristics of dual-task training compared to single-task training in participants over 65 years of age. Sixty-five subjects took part in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: dual-task cognitive-motor training (CM), single-task cognitive training (CT), and single-task motor training (MT). The training program in all groups encompassed 4 weeks and consisted of three, 30-min meetings a week. Specialized software was designed for the study. The main indicators, such as orientation and planning time and the number of errors, were monitored during the whole training in all groups. The obtained results have shown that the dual-task training was associated with a significantly greater number of movement errors, but not with a longer task planning time compared to the single-task condition training. There was a decrease in the time needed to plan a path in the mazes by subjects training in the CM, CT, and MT groups. The results indicate that after each type of training, the number of errors and the time needed to plan the path decrease, despite the increasing difficulty of the tasks. The length of planning time was strongly correlated with the number of errors made by individuals in the CM group (r = 0.74, p = 0.04), compared to the ST group-for which the said correlation was not significant (r = 0.7, p = 0.06). The dual-task cognitive-motor training is more cognitively demanding compared to the single-task cognitive and motor training. It manifests in a greater number of errors, but it does not extend the orientation and planning time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Łojek
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Chabuda
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Ho V, Chan YH, Merchant RA. Patterns of improvement in functional ability and predictors of responders to dual-task exercise: A latent class analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1069970. [PMID: 36699905 PMCID: PMC9868294 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1069970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise is the pillar for healthy aging. "Non-responders" may be due to a mismatch in exercise prescription. A latent cluster analysis (LCA) profile can be useful to uncover subpopulations sharing similar profiles or outcomes. We aim to use the LCA to develop a response prediction model for older adults who would benefit from The Healthy Aging Promotion Program for You, a community-embedded dual-task exercise program. Methods A total of 197 participants completed the 3-month follow-up, and the complete data were available for 136 community-dwelling older adults. Inclusion criteria were age ≥60 years, pre-frail or frail and ambulant, mild cognitive impairment, and ability to provide consent. Data collected include demographics, education, falls, physical function (Katz ADL scale and Lawton's IADL scale), physical activity (rapid assessment of physical activity), cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA), frailty (FRAIL scale), and perceived health, pain, anxiety/depression, fear of falling, and social isolation (Lubben Social Network Scale). The body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, and short physical performance battery (SPPB) were measured. Those who improved in frailty, anxiety/depression, pain, Lubben, MoCA, SPPB, fear-of-falling, physical activity, falls, and HGS were classified as responders. Results The mean age was 74.7 years, BMI 23.5 kg/m2, 23.5% were male, 96.3% were of Chinese ethnicity, 61% were pre-frail, education level of 4.3 years, and the MoCA score of 23.3 ± 4.8. Two clusters were identified: non-responders (61.8%) and responders (38.2%). Responders had significant improvement in cognition (44.2% vs. 0, p < 0.001) and SPPB (gait:28.8% vs. 0, p < 0.001; balance:42.3% vs. 15.5%, p = 0.001; chair-stand:65.4% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001). Responders were significantly older (76.9 vs. 73.3 years, p = 0.005), had higher BMI (24.8 vs. 22.8 kg/m2, p = 0.007), lower education (3.4 vs. 4.9 years, p = 0.021), lower MoCA scores (21.8 vs. 24.3, p = 0.002), and lower SPPB scores (8.7 vs. 10.6, p < 0.001). The predictive variables for the responder cluster were age ≥75 years, BMI ≥23 kg/m2, robust, no anxiety, pain, fear of falling, MoCA ≤22, Lubben ≤12, SPPB score: chair-stand ≤2, balance ≤2, gait >2, handgrip strength <20 kg, no falls and RAPA >3. With an optimal cut-off of ≥12, this prediction model had sensitivity of 76.9%, specificity of 70.2%, positive predictive value 61.5%, and negative predictive value of 83.1%. Conclusion Response to dual-task exercise was influenced by age, SPPB, BMI, and cognition. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to validate this LCA model and guide the development of public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Ho
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Aziz Merchant
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Reshma Aziz Merchant ✉
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Hu Y, Liu T, Song S, Qin K, Chan W. The specific brain activity of dual task coordination: a theoretical conflict-control model based on a qualitative and quantitative review. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2022.2143788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianliang Liu
- Department of Psychology, The Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sensen Song
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyang Qin
- Social, Health & Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wai Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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Dong H, Li N, Fan L, Wei J, Xu J. Integrative interaction of emotional speech in audio-visual modality. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:797277. [PMID: 36440282 PMCID: PMC9695733 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.797277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional clues are always expressed in many ways in our daily life, and the emotional information we receive is often represented by multiple modalities. Successful social interactions require a combination of multisensory cues to accurately determine the emotion of others. The integration mechanism of multimodal emotional information has been widely investigated. Different brain activity measurement methods were used to determine the location of brain regions involved in the audio-visual integration of emotional information, mainly in the bilateral superior temporal regions. However, the methods adopted in these studies are relatively simple, and the materials of the study rarely contain speech information. The integration mechanism of emotional speech in the human brain still needs further examinations. In this paper, a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was conducted using event-related design to explore the audio-visual integration mechanism of emotional speech in the human brain by using dynamic facial expressions and emotional speech to express emotions of different valences. Representational similarity analysis (RSA) based on regions of interest (ROIs), whole brain searchlight analysis, modality conjunction analysis and supra-additive analysis were used to analyze and verify the role of relevant brain regions. Meanwhile, a weighted RSA method was used to evaluate the contributions of each candidate model in the best fitted model of ROIs. The results showed that only the left insula was detected by all methods, suggesting that the left insula played an important role in the audio-visual integration of emotional speech. Whole brain searchlight analysis, modality conjunction analysis and supra-additive analysis together revealed that the bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG), right inferior parietal lobule and bilateral precuneus might be involved in the audio-visual integration of emotional speech from other aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Dong
- Tianjin Key Lab of Cognitive Computing and Application, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Cognitive Computing and Application, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingzhong Fan
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Wei
- Tianjin Key Lab of Cognitive Computing and Application, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhai Xu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Cognitive Computing and Application, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Junhai Xu,
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Polskaia N, St-Amant G, Fraser S, Lajoie Y. Neural Correlates of Dual-Task Processing following Motor Sequence Learning: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Study. J Mot Behav 2022; 55:92-101. [PMID: 36210346 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2022.2131706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The current study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine cerebral oxygenation changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) associated with dual-task processing before and after motor sequence learning. Participants performed self-initiated sequential finger movements that were 4 and 12 units in length with a visual letter-counting task. After practice, dual-task sequence-4 performance revealed decreased activity in the right dorsolateral PFC, medial PFC, and orbitofrontal cortex. However, dual-task sequence-12 performance revealed increased activity in the right ventrolateral PFC when compared to the left hemisphere. The findings suggest that dual-task interference was reduced following practice for dual-task sequence-4. The results also suggest that increased right hemisphere activation is needed to maintain performance when the primary sequential task (e.g., dual-task sequence-12) has a high level of difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Polskaia
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabrielle St-Amant
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yves Lajoie
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Sütçü G, Doğan M, Topuz S. Investigation of postural control and spatiotemporal parameters of gait during dual tasks in ataxic individuals. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:5943-5949. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nwogo RO, Kammermeier S, Singh A. Abnormal neural oscillations during gait and dual-task in Parkinson’s disease. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:995375. [PMID: 36185822 PMCID: PMC9522469 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.995375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gait dysfunctions are debilitating motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may result in frequent falling with health complications. The contribution of the motor-cognitive network to gait disturbance can be studied more thoroughly by challenging motor-cognitive dual-task gait performances. Gait is a complex motor task that requires an appropriate contribution from motor and cognitive networks, reflected in frequency modulations among several cortical and subcortical networks. Electrophysiological recordings by scalp electroencephalography and implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes have unveiled modulations of specific oscillatory patterns in the cortical-subcortical circuits in PD. In this review, we summarize oscillatory contributions of the cortical, basal ganglia, mesencephalic locomotor, and cerebellar regions during gait and dual-task activities in PD. We detail the involvement of the cognitive network in dual-task settings and compare how abnormal oscillations in the specific frequency bands in the cortical and subcortical regions correlate with gait deficits in PD, particularly freezing of gait (FOG). We suggest that altered neural oscillations in different frequencies can cause derangements in broader brain networks, so neuromodulation and pharmacological therapies should be considered to normalize those network oscillations to improve challenged gait and dual-task motor functions in PD. Specifically, the theta and beta bands in premotor cortical areas, subthalamic nucleus, as well as alpha band activity in the brainstem prepontine nucleus, modulate under clinically effective levodopa and DBS therapies, improving gait and dual-task performance in PD with FOG, compared to PD without FOG and age-matched healthy control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel O. Nwogo
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | | | - Arun Singh
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
- *Correspondence: Arun Singh,
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Associations between resting-state functional connectivity changes and prolonged benefits of writing training in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2022; 269:4696-4707. [PMID: 35420350 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our earlier work showed that automaticity and retention of writing skills improved with intensive writing training in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether this training changed the resting-state networks in the brain and how these changes underlie retention of motor learning is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) and their relation to behavioral changes immediately after writing training and at 6 week follow-up. METHODS Twenty-five PD patients underwent resting-state fMRI (ON medication) before and after 6 weeks writing training. Motor learning was evaluated with a dual task paradigm pre- and post-training and at follow-up. Next, pre-post within-network changes in rs-FC were identified by an independent component analysis. Significant clusters were used as seeds in ROI-to-ROI analyses and rs-FC changes were correlated with changes in behavioral performance over time. RESULTS Similar to our larger cohort findings, writing accuracy in single and dual task conditions improved post-training and this was maintained at follow-up. Connectivity within the dorsal attentional network (DAN) increased pre-post training, particularly with the right superior and middle temporal gyrus (rS/MTG). This cluster also proved more strongly connected to parietal and frontal areas and to cerebellar regions. Behavioral improvements from pre- to post-training and follow-up correlated with increased rs-FC between rS/MTG and the cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS Training-driven improvements in dual task writing led to functional reorganization within the DAN and increased connectivity with cerebellar areas. These changes were associated with the retention of writing gains and could signify task-specific neural changes or an inability to segregate neural networks.
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Kawata NYS, Nouchi R, Oba K, Matsuzaki Y, Kawashima R. Auditory Cognitive Training Improves Brain Plasticity in Healthy Older Adults: Evidence From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:826672. [PMID: 35431898 PMCID: PMC9010026 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.826672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of older adults is increasing globally. Aging is associated with cognitive and sensory decline. Additionally, declined auditory performance and cognitive function affect the quality of life of older adults. Therefore, it is important to develop an intervention method to improve both auditory and cognitive performances. The current study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of auditory and cognitive training on auditory ability and cognitive functions in healthy older adults. Fifty healthy older adults were randomly divided into four training groups—an auditory-cognitive training group (AC training; n = 13), an auditory training group (A training; n = 13), a cognitive training group (C training; n = 14), and an active control group (n = 12). During the training period, we reduced the sound intensity level in AC and A training groups and increase training task difficulty in AC, A, and C training groups based on participants’ performance. Cognitive function measures [digit-cancelation test (D-CAT); logical memory (LM); digit span (DS)], auditory measures [pure-tone audiometry (PTA)], and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed before and after the training periods. We found three key findings. First, the AC training group showed difference between other training groups (A, C, and active control training groups) in regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the left inferior temporal gyrus (L. ITG), the left superior frontal gyrus, the left orbitofrontal cortex, the right cerebellum (lobule 7 Crus 1). Second, the auditory training factor groups (ATFGs, the AC and A training groups) improved auditory measures and increased the rGMV and functional connectivity (FC) in the left temporal pole compared to the non-ATFGs (the C training group and active control group). Third, the cognitive training factor groups (CTFGs; the AC and C training groups) showed statistically significant improvement in cognitive performances in LM and D-CAT compared to the non-CTFGs (the A training group and active control group). Therefore, the auditory training factor and cognitive training factor would be useful in enhancing the quality of life of older adults. The current AC training study, the plasticity of the brain structure was observed after 4 weeks of training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Y. S. Kawata
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Natasha Y. S. Kawata,
| | - Rui Nouchi
- Department of Cognitive Health Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Smart Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Rui Nouchi,
| | - Kentaro Oba
- Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuzaki
- Department of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Smart Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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22
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Yuzlu V, Oguz S, Timurtas E, Aykutoglu E, Polat MG. The Effect of 2 Different Dual-Task Balance Training Methods on Balance and Gait in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6481184. [PMID: 34972869 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of integrated and consecutive cognitive dual-task balance training in older adults on balance, fear of falling, and gait performance. METHODS Fifty-eight participants (age >65 years) were randomly assigned to an integrated dual-task training group (IDTT) (n = 29) and consecutive dual-task training group (CDTT) (n = 29). Balance exercises and cognitive tasks were performed simultaneously by the IDTT group and consecutively by the CDTT group for 8 weeks. Balance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale as a primary outcome measure and the Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUG) (standard-cognitive), fear of falling was assessed using the Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale, and gait speed was assessed using the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) (under single-task and dual-task conditions). All tests were performed before and after the training. RESULTS There was no difference in group-time interaction in the Berg Balance Scale, TUG-standard, 10MWT-single task, and 10MWT-dual task tests. Group-time interaction was different in the TUG-cognitive and Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale scores. Also, the effect of time was significantly different in all scales except for the 10MWT-single task in both groups. CONCLUSION At the end of the 8-week training period, the impact of integrated and consecutive dual-task balance training on balance and gait performance in older adults was not statistically significantly different. This study suggests that consecutive dual-task balance training can be used as an alternative method to increase balance performance and gait speed in older adults who cannot perform integrated dual-task activities. IMPACT There were no significant differences between the effects of the 2 dual-task training methods on balance and gait speed, suggesting that the consecutive dual-task balance training method can be used to improve the balance and gait of older adults. CDTT can be performed safely and considered as an alternative method for use in many rehabilitation training programs with older adults who cannot perform simultaneous activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Yuzlu
- Darussafaka OYH Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Center, Maltepe\Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Oguz
- Marmara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eren Timurtas
- Marmara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elcin Aykutoglu
- Darussafaka OYH Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Center, Maltepe\Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Gulden Polat
- Marmara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yi C, Chen C, Jiang L, Tao Q, Li F, Si Y, Zhang T, Yao D, Xu P. Constructing EEG Large-Scale Cortical Functional Network Connectivity Based on Brain Atlas by S Estimator. IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/tcds.2020.2991414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Altered Cerebellar Oscillations in Parkinson's Disease Patients during Cognitive and Motor Tasks. Neuroscience 2021; 475:185-196. [PMID: 34455014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellar region have been shown in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Since the cerebellar region has been associated with cognitive and lower-limb motor functions, it is imperative to study cerebellar oscillations in PD. Here, we evaluated cerebellar electroencephalography (EEG) during cognitive processing and lower-limb motor performances in PD. Cortical and cerebellar EEG were collected from 74 PD patients and 37 healthy control subjects during a 7-second interval timing task, 26 PD patients and 13 controls during a lower-limb pedaling task, and 23 PD patients during eyes-open/closed resting conditions. Analyses were focused on the mid-cerebellar Cbz electrode and further compared to the mid-occipital Oz and mid-frontal Cz electrodes. Increased alpha-band power was observed during the eyes-closed resting-state condition over Oz, but no change in alpha power was observed over Cbz. PD patients showed higher dispersion when performing the 7-second interval timing cognitive task and executed the pedaling motor task with reduced speed compared to controls. PD patients exhibited attenuated cue-triggered theta-band power over Cbz during both the interval timing and pedaling motor tasks. Connectivity measures between Cbz and Cz showed theta-band differences, but only during the pedaling motor task. Cbz oscillatory activity also differed from Oz across multiple frequency bands in both groups during both tasks. Our cerebellar EEG data along with previous magnetoencephalography and animal model studies clearly show alterations in cerebellar oscillations during cognitive and motor processing in PD.
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25
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Wilkerson GB, Nabhan DC, Perry TS. A Novel Approach to Assessment of Perceptual-Motor Efficiency and Training-Induced Improvement in the Performance Capabilities of Elite Athletes. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:729729. [PMID: 34661098 PMCID: PMC8517233 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.729729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard clinical assessments of mild traumatic brain injury are inadequate to detect subtle abnormalities that can be revealed by sophisticated diagnostic technology. An association has been observed between sport-related concussion (SRC) and subsequent musculoskeletal injury, but the underlying neurophysiological mechanism is not currently understood. A cohort of 16 elite athletes (10 male, 6 female), which included nine individuals who reported a history of SRC (5 male, 4 female) that occurred between 4 months and 8 years earlier, volunteered to participate in a 12-session program for assessment and training of perceptual-motor efficiency. Performance metrics derived from single- and dual-task whole-body lateral and diagonal reactive movements to virtual reality targets in left and right directions were analyzed separately and combined in various ways to create composite representations of global function. Intra-individual variability across performance domains demonstrated very good SRC history classification accuracy for the earliest 3-session phase of the program (Reaction Time Dispersion AUC = 0.841; Deceleration Dispersion AUC = 0.810; Reaction Time Discrepancy AUC = 0.825, Deceleration Discrepancy AUC = 0.794). Good earliest phase discrimination was also found for Composite Asymmetry between left and right movement directions (AUC = 0.778) and Excursion Average distance beyond the minimal body displacement necessary for virtual target deactivation (AUC = 0.730). Sensitivity derived from Youden's Index for the 6 global factors ranged from 67 to 89% and an identical specificity value of 86% for all of them. Median values demonstrated substantial improvement from the first 3-session phase to the last 3-session phase for Composite Asymmetry and Excursion Average. The results suggest that a Composite Asymmetry value ≥ 0.15 and an Excursion Average value ≥ 7 m, provide reasonable qualitative approximations for clinical identification of suboptimal perceptual-motor performance. Despite acknowledged study limitations, the findings support a hypothesized relationship between whole-body reactive agility performance and functional connectivity among brain networks subserving sensory perception, cognitive decision-making, and motor execution. A complex systems approach appears to perform better than traditional data analysis methods for detection of subtle perceptual-motor impairment, which has the potential to advance both clinical management of SRC and training for performance enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary B Wilkerson
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States
| | - Dustin C Nabhan
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tyler S Perry
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA, United States
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26
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Ramezani M, Behzadipour S, Pourghayoomi E, Joghataei MT, Shirazi E, Fawcett AJ. Evaluating a new verbal working memory-balance program: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial study on Iranian children with dyslexia. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:55. [PMID: 34525977 PMCID: PMC8442443 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to improve verbal Working Memory (WM) in reading disability, as it is a key factor in learning. There are commercial verbal WM training programs, which have some short-term effects only on the verbal WM capacity, not reading. However, because of some weaknesses in current verbal WM training programs, researchers suggested designing and developing newly structured programs that particularly target educational functions such as reading skills. In the current double-blind randomized clinical trial study, we designed a new Verbal Working Memory-Balance (VWM-B) program which was carried out using a portable robotic device. The short-term effects of the VWM-B program, on verbal WM capacity, reading skills, and postural control were investigated in Iranian children with developmental dyslexia. RESULTS The effectiveness of the VWM-B program was compared with the VWM-program as a traditional verbal WM training. In comparison with VWM-program, the participants who received training by the VWM-B program showed superior performance on verbal WM capacity, reading skills, and postural control after a short-term intervention. CONCLUSIONS We proposed that the automatized postural control resulting from VWM-B training had a positive impact on improving verbal WM capacity and reading ability. Based on the critical role of the cerebellum in automatizing skills, our findings support the cerebellar deficit theory in dyslexia. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was (retrospectively) registered on 8 February 2018 with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20171219037953N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ramezani
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Behzadipour
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Djawad Movafaghian Research Center in Neuro-Rehabilitation Technologies, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Pourghayoomi
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shirazi
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ye Q, Zhang Z, Sun W, Fan Q, Li Y. Disrupted functional connectivity of precuneus subregions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 31:102720. [PMID: 34146773 PMCID: PMC8220401 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and disablingpsychiatric disorder with high lifetime prevalence, yet the underlying pathogenesis remains not fully understood. Increasing neuroimaging evidence has shown that the disrupted activity of brain functional hubs might contribute to the pathophysiology of OCD. Precuneus is an important brain hub which showed structural and functional abnormalities in OCD patients. However, the functional heterogeneity of the precuneus subregion has not been considered and its relation to OCD symptomatology remains to be elucidated. In this paper, a total of 73 unmedicated OCD patients and 79 matched healthy subjects were recruited and the heterogeneous functional connectivities (FCs) of the precuneus subregions were investigated using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The FC-based subdivision of the precuneus was performed using the K-means clustering algorithm, which led to a tripartite functional parcellation of precuneus. For each subregion, the distinct connectivity pattern with the whole brain was shown, using both voxel-wise and module-wise analysis, respectively. Decreased FC between dorsal posterior precuneus and vermis (corrected p<0.01) was shown in the patient group, which was negatively correlated with patient compulsions score (ρ = - 0.393, p = 0.001), indicating its contribution to the compulsive behavior inhibition of OCD. Our work might provide new insights into the understanding of precuneus subregion function and the importance of dorsal precuneus-cerebellum functional connectivity in OCD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ye
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Zongfeng Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Wanqing Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Qing Fan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| | - Yao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
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28
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Horin AP, Myers PS, Pickett KA, Earhart GM, Campbell MC. Resting-state functional connectivity associated with gait characteristics in people with Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2021; 411:113398. [PMID: 34087255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder caused by dysfunction in the basal ganglia (BG). Clinically relevant gait deficits, such as decreased velocity and increased variability, may be caused by underlying neural dysfunction. Reductions in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) between networks have been identified in PD compared to controls; however, the association between gait characteristics and rs-FC of brain networks in people with PD has not yet been explored. The present study aimed to investigate these associations. METHODS Gait characteristics and rs-FC MRI data were collected for participants with PD (N = 50). Brain networks were identified from a set of seeds representing cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions. Gait outcomes were correlated with the strength of rs-FC within and between networks of interest. A stepwise regression analysis was also conducted to determine whether the rs-FC strength of brain networks, along with clinical motor scores, were predictive of gait characteristics. RESULTS Gait velocity was associated with rs-FC within the visual network and between motor and cognitive networks, most notably BG-thalamus internetwork rs-FC. The stepwise regression analysis showed strength of BG-thalamus internetwork rs-FC and clinical motor scores were predictive of gait velocity. CONCLUSION The results of the present study demonstrate gait characteristics are associated with functional organization of the brain at the network level, providing insight into the neural mechanisms of clinically relevant gait characteristics. This knowledge could be used to optimize the design of gait rehabilitation interventions for people with neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Horin
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Peter S Myers
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kristen A Pickett
- Occupational Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Gammon M Earhart
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Meghan C Campbell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States.
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Argento O, Spanò B, Pisani V, Incerti CC, Bozzali M, Foti C, Caltagirone C, Nocentini U. Dual-Task Performance in Multiple Sclerosis' Patients: Cerebellum Matters? Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:517-526. [PMID: 33067615 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gait, cognitive impairments, and their mutual influence in dual tasking (cognitive-motor dual tasking, CM-DT) are important to address therapeutic approaches in patients with multiple sclerosis (PMS). CM-DT correlates have been widely investigated with variable and dissimilar results, due to differences in methods. However, although the cerebellum has recently shown to be involved in both motor and cognitive functions, few studies have explored its role in the integration of the concurrent execution of gait and cognition. This case-control study aims to explore the effects of adding a cognitive task to walking in PMS and to investigate the role of the cerebellum in the interfering process. METHODS In total, 20 patients and 18 healthy controls (HC) underwent clinical assessments, dual task (DT), and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DT was composed by three 2-min trials requiring fast walking. In 2 of them 2 different cognitive tasks were added. RESULTS Both groups evidenced the presence of cognitive-motor interference (CMI) for both cognitive conditions with a greater effect of word list generation task in PMS. Analysis of variance between HC and patients with high or low performances showed a significantly increased volume in Vermis lobules VIIIa and IX of high performers compared with HC. CONCLUSION Our results show that CMI is also present in healthy individuals but is significantly more disabling in PMS. Furthermore, MRI data point to the existence of an initial mechanism of cerebellar reorganization in PMS with lower interference. Subsequently, the failure of this mechanism due to the progression of disability leads to a more evident expression of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Argento
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Spanò
- Neuroimaging Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Pisani
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara C Incerti
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bozzali
- Neuroimaging Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Calogero Foti
- Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Clinical and Behavioural Neurology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Ugo Nocentini
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, I.R.C.C.S. "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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30
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Yang S, Yang B. A semi-decentralized feudal multi-agent learned-goal algorithm for multi-intersection traffic signal control. Knowl Based Syst 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2020.106708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Upper-Extremity Perceptual-Motor Training Improves Whole-Body Reactive Agility Among Elite Athletes With History of Sport-Related Concussion. J Sport Rehabil 2021; 30:844-849. [PMID: 33418536 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2020-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sport-related concussion (SRC) elevates risk for subsequent injury, which may relate to impaired perceptual-motor processes that are potentially modifiable. OBJECTIVE To assess a possible upper-extremity (UE) training effect on whole-body (WB) reactive agility performance among elite athletes with history of SRC (HxSRC) and without such history of SRC. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Residential training center. PARTICIPANTS Elite athletes (12 males and 8 females), including 10 HxSRC and 10 without such history of SRC. INTERVENTION One-minute training sessions completed 2 to 3 times per week over a 3-week period involved verbal identification of center arrow direction for 10 incongruent and 10 congruent flanker test trials with simultaneous reaching responses to deactivate illuminated buttons. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pretraining and posttraining assessments of UE and WB reactive responses included flanker test conflict effect (incongruent minus congruent reaction time) and WB lateral average asymmetry derived from reaction time, speed, acceleration, and deceleration in opposite directions. Discrimination was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis, and training effect was assessed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS Pretraining discrimination between HxSRC and without such history of SRC was greatest for conflict effect ≥80 milliseconds and WB lateral average asymmetry ≥18%. Each athlete completed 6 training sessions, which improved UE mean reaction time from 767 to 646 milliseconds (P < .001) and reduced mean conflict effect from 96 to 53 milliseconds (P = .039). A significant group × trial interaction was evident for WB lateral average asymmetry (P = .004), which was reduced from 24.3% to 12.5% among those with HxSRC. CONCLUSIONS Suboptimal perceptual-motor performance may represent a subtle long-term effect of concussion that is modifiable through UE training, which appears to improve WB reactive capabilities.
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O'Keefe JA, Guan J, Robertson E, Biskis A, Joyce J, Ouyang B, Liu Y, Carnes D, Purcell N, Berry-Kravis E, Hall DA. The Effects of Dual Task Cognitive Interference and Fast-Paced Walking on Gait, Turns, and Falls in Men and Women with FXTAS. THE CEREBELLUM 2020; 20:212-221. [PMID: 33118140 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-020-01199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia, tremor, and cognitive dysfunction. We examined the impact of dual-task (DT) cognitive-motor interference and fast-paced (FP) gait on gait and turning in FXTAS. Thirty participants with FXTAS and 35 age-matched controls underwent gait analysis using an inertial sensor-based 2-min walk test under three conditions: (1) self-selected pace (ST), (2) FP, and (3) DT with a concurrent verbal fluency task. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between FXTAS diagnosis and gait and turn outcomes. Correlations between gait variables and fall frequency were also calculated. FXTAS participants had reduced stride length and velocity, swing time, and peak turn velocity and greater double limb support time and number of steps to turn compared to controls under all three conditions. There was greater dual task cost of the verbal fluency task on peak turn velocity in men with FXTAS compared to controls. Additionally, stride length variability was increased and cadence was reduced in FXTAS participants in the FP condition. Stride velocity variability under FP gait was significantly associated with the number of self-reported falls in the last year. Greater motor control requirements for turning likely made men with FXTAS more susceptible to the negative effects of DT cognitive interference. FP gait exacerbated gait deficits in the domains of rhythm and variability, and increased gait variability with FP was associated with increased falls. These data may inform the design of rehabilitation strategies in FXTAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan A O'Keefe
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Joseph Guan
- Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin Robertson
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alexandras Biskis
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jessica Joyce
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Bichun Ouyang
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yuanqing Liu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Danielle Carnes
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Nicollette Purcell
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Elizabeth Berry-Kravis
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deborah A Hall
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Reinhardt J, Rus-Oswald OG, Bürki CN, Bridenbaugh SA, Krumm S, Michels L, Stippich C, Kressig RW, Blatow M. Neural Correlates of Stepping in Healthy Elderly: Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex Activation Reflects Cognitive-Motor Interference Effects. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:566735. [PMID: 33132879 PMCID: PMC7550687 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.566735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Reinhardt
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Julia Reinhardt,
| | - Oana G. Rus-Oswald
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Céline N. Bürki
- Department of Radiology, Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Sabine Krumm
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lars Michels
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Stippich
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto W. Kressig
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Blatow
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Introspection about backward crosstalk in dual-task performance. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 85:605-617. [PMID: 31974636 PMCID: PMC7900044 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-019-01282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated participants’ ability to introspect about the effect of between-task crosstalk in dual tasks. In two experiments, participants performed a compatibility-based backward crosstalk dual task, and additionally provided estimates of their RTs (introspective reaction times, IRTs) after each trial (Experiment 1) or after each pair of prime and test trials (Experiment 2). In both experiments, the objective performance showed the typical backward crosstalk effect and its sequential modulation depending on compatibility in the previous trial. Very similar patterns were observed in IRTs, despite the typical unawareness of the PRP effect. In sum, these results demonstrate the reliability of between-task crosstalk in dual tasks and that people’s introspection about the temporal processing demands in this complex dual-task situation is intriguingly accurate and severely limited at the same time.
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Qin S, Basak C. Age-related differences in brain activation during working memory updating: An fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 2020; 138:107335. [PMID: 31923524 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging studies have reported an age-related reduction in brain activations in response to working memory load in task-sensitive brain regions. The current fMRI study investigated the age-related differences in brain activations of the updating mechanism in working memory, which was not investigated in previous studies. With a hybrid block/event-related design, this study was able to examine changes in BOLD signals (i.e., neuromodulation) to increase in updating, a type of cognitive control that is understudied. Older adults were separated into young-old and old-old cohorts to examine whether, within healthy aging, the neuromodulation to cognitive control decreases with age. Our results show that younger adults activate left precentral gyrus and right cerebellum more during trials that require updating than trials that do not require updating. Although older adults showed reduced neuromodulation in these two regions, the old-old cohort failed to show any significant neuromodulation in response to updating. Moreover, older adults not only showed reduced suppressions of the default mode network (DMN) regions during the task, they also overactivated some of the DMN regions, esp. the old-old, when compared to the younger adults. Older adults also showed overactivations in a region (right precentral gyrus) that is contralateral to a task-sensitive region that was activated in the younger adults during updating. Brain-behavior correlations suggest that age-related overactivations of these DMN regions and the right precentral gyrus are maladaptive to their performance. Our results suggest that not only the neuromodulation in response to updating demands is diminished in healthy aging, older adults also show maladaptive increases in activations of task-irrelevant regions and reduced hemispheric specificity during updating. These effects are most pronounced in old-old cohort, compared to young-old, suggesting that age-related declines in neuromodulation during cognitive control is more pronounced in older cohorts within healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Qin
- University of Texas at Dallas, TX, 75080, USA
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Peters S, Eng JJ, Liu-Ambrose T, Borich MR, Dao E, Amanian A, Boyd LA. Brain activity associated with Dual-task performance of Ankle motor control during cognitive challenge. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01349. [PMID: 31265216 PMCID: PMC6710191 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skilled Ankle motor control is frequently required while performing secondary cognitively demanding tasks such as socializing and avoiding obstacles while walking, termed "Dual tasking." It is likely that Dual-task performance increases demand on the brain, as both motor and cognitive systems require neural resources. The purpose of this study was to use functional MRI to understand which brain regions are involved in resolving Dual-task interference created by requiring high levels of Ankle motor control during a cognitive task. METHODS Using functional MRI, brain activity was measured in sixteen young adults during performance of visually cued Ankle plantar flexion to a target (Ankle task), a cognitive task (Flanker task), and both tasks simultaneously (Dual task). RESULTS Dual-task performance did not impact the Ankle task (p = 0.78), but did affect behavior on the Flanker task. Response times for both the congruent and incongruent conditions during the Flanker task were significantly longer (p < 0.001, p = 0.050, respectively), and accuracy for the congruent condition decreased during Dual tasking (p < 0.001). Activity in 3 brain regions was associated with Dual-task Flanker performance. Percent signal change from baseline in Brodmann area (BA) 5, BA6, and the left caudate correlated with performance on the Flanker task during the Dual-task condition (R2 = 0.261, p = 0.04; R2 = -0.258, p = 0.04; R2 = 0.303, p = 0.03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Performance of Ankle motor control may be prioritized over a cognitive task during Dual-task performance. Our work advances Dual-task research by elucidating patterns of whole brain activity for Dual tasks that require Ankle motor control during a cognitive task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Peters
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Janice J Eng
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael R Borich
- School of Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth Dao
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ameen Amanian
- Faculty of Applied Science, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lara A Boyd
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Ward N, Hussey EK, Cunningham EC, Paul EJ, McWilliams T, Kramer AF. Building the multitasking brain: An integrated perspective on functional brain activation during task-switching and dual-tasking. Neuropsychologia 2019; 132:107149. [PMID: 31348930 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Multitasking behavior is associated with well-known performance costs, but the question of why individuals falter when attempting to manage multiple streams of information remains difficult to answer. One reason for this difficulty may be that multitasking costs are often characterized by isolating component processes that are studied largely independently. In this study, we instead integrate two commonly studied substrates of multitasking, task-switching and dual-tasking, within the same procedural context. This method allows not only a direct comparison of performance costs associated with different demand types but also examination of their interaction. We measured functional brain activation in thirty healthy young adults as they completed a block-design version of the task, observing consistent and separable patterns of frontoparietal activation as a function of demand type. Broadly, task-switching was associated with activation of left premotor and inferior parietal regions, and dual-tasking was associated with activation in regions of right prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex. In the interaction condition, we observed a distributed bilateral pattern of activation across the areas associated with each demand in isolation. These results provide both behavioral and neuroimaging evidence that task-switching and dual-tasking demands can be dissociated and contribute to multitasking costs in unique and separable ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Ward
- Tufts University, 490 Boston Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | - Erika K Hussey
- U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command - Soldier Center, 1 General Greene, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Emily C Cunningham
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Erick J Paul
- Microsoft Corporation, 1 Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA
| | | | - Arthur F Kramer
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Wilkerson GB, Nabhan DC, Prusmack CJ, Moreau WJ. Detection of Persisting Concussion Effects on Neuromechanical Responsiveness. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:1750-1756. [PMID: 29683918 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assessment of various indices of neuromechanical responsiveness for association with concussion history. METHODS An observational cohort study included 48 elite athletes (34 males: 23.8 ± 4.4 yr; 14 females: 25.4 ± 4.5 yr) who performed visuomotor reaction time (VMRT) tests involving rapid manual contact with illuminated target buttons that included two dual-task conditions: 1) simultaneous oral recitation of scrolling text (VMRT+ST) and 2) simultaneous verbal responses to identify the right or left direction indicated by the center arrow of the Eriksen flanker test (VMRT+FT). A whole-body reactive agility (WBRA) test requiring side-shuffle movements in response to visual targets was used to assess reaction time, speed, acceleration, and deceleration. RESULTS Concussion occurrence at 2.0 ± 2.3 yr before testing was reported by 21 athletes. Strong univariable associations were found for VMRT+FT left minus right difference ≥15 ms (odds ratio [OR], 7.14), VMRT+ST outer two-ring to inner three-ring ratio ≥1.28 (OR, 4.58), and WBRA speed asymmetry ≥7.7% (OR, 4.67). A large VMRT+FT by VMRT+ST interaction effect was identified (OR, 25.00). Recursive partitioning identified a three-way VMRT+FT by VMRT+ST by WBRA interaction that had 100% positive predictive value for identification of athletes with concussion history, whereas negative status on all three factors had 90% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS Performance on dual-task VMRT tests and the WBRA test identified neuromechanical responsiveness deficiencies among elite athletes who reported a history of concussion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dustin C Nabhan
- US Olympic Committee, US Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO
| | | | - William J Moreau
- US Olympic Committee, US Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO
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Widenhoefer TL, Miller TM, Weigand MS, Watkins EA, Almonroeder TG. Training rugby athletes with an external attentional focus promotes more automatic adaptions in landing forces. Sports Biomech 2019; 18:163-173. [DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2019.1584237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Steven Weigand
- Rinker-Ross School of Health Sciences, Trine University, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Emily Ann Watkins
- Rinker-Ross School of Health Sciences, Trine University, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
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Winser S, Pang MYC, Rauszen JS, Chan AYY, Chen CH, Whitney SL. Does integrated cognitive and balance (dual-task) training improve balance and reduce falls risk in individuals with cerebellar ataxia? Med Hypotheses 2019; 126:149-153. [PMID: 31010491 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Frequent falls in people with cerebellar ataxia (CA) is a significant problem Therefore, an intervention that could improve balance and reduce the number of falls is of paramount importance from the patients' perspective. Combining cognitive training with physical training to improve balance is a new approach for reducing the risk of falls in patient populations who are at risk for falls. To determine if adding structured cognitive demands to conventional balance and coordination training we designed the Cognitive-coupled Intensive Balance Training (CIBT) program. We found that the more intensive and focused CIBT intervention reduced dual-task cost, improved balance, and reduced the number of falls in a sample of individuals with CA. We hypothesize that (1) CIBT will improve balance and reduce falls; and (2) CIBT will be a cost-effective treatment option for improving balance and reduce falls. To test these hypotheses, we propose conducting a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with economic evaluation . This paper reports the findings of our study testing the feasibility of the CIBT program, rationale for testing our hypothesis and an overview of our future study design to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the CIBT program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Winser
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
| | - Marco Y C Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jessica S Rauszen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Anne Y Y Chan
- Division of Neurology, Prince of Wales Hospital and Honorary Clinical Assistant Professor Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cynthia Huijun Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susan L Whitney
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, United States
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41
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Ghanavati T, Smitt MS, Lord SR, Sachdev P, Wen W, Kochan NA, Brodaty H, Delbaere K. Deep white matter hyperintensities, microstructural integrity and dual task walking in older people. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:1488-1496. [PMID: 29297156 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To examine neural, physiological and cognitive influences on gait speed under single and dual-task conditions. Sixty-two community-dwelling older people (aged 80.0 ± 4.2 years) participated in our study. Gait speed was assessed with a timed 20-meter walk under single and dual-task (reciting alternate letters of the alphabet) conditions. Participants also underwent tests to estimate physiological fall risk based on five measures of sensorimotor function, cognitive function across five domains, brain white matter (WM) hyperintensities and WM microstructural integrity by measuring fractional anisotropy (FA). Univariate linear regression analyses showed that global physiological and cognitive measures were associated with single (β = 0.594 and β=-0.297, respectively) and dual-task gait speed (β = 0.306 and β=-0.362, respectively). Deep WMHs were associated with dual-task gait speed only (β = 0.257). Multivariate mediational analyses showed that global and executive cognition reduced the strength of the association between deep WMHs and dual-task gait speed by 27% (β = 0.188) and 44% (β = 0.145) respectively. There was a significant linear association between single-task gait speed and mean FA values of the genu (β=-0.295) and splenium (β=-0.326) of the corpus callosum, and between dual-task gait speed and mean FA values of Superior Cerebellar Peduncle (β=-0.284), splenium of the Corpus Callosum (β=-0.286) and Cingulum (β=-0.351). Greater deep WMH volumes are associated with slower walking speed under dual-task conditions, and this relationship is mediated in part by global cognition and executive abilities specifically. Furthermore, both cerebellum and cingulum are related to dual-task walking due to their role in motor skill performance and attention, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabassom Ghanavati
- Department of Physiotherapy Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Myriam Sillevis Smitt
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, NeuRA, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, NeuRA, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA) School of Psychiatry UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA) School of Psychiatry UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicole A Kochan
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA) School of Psychiatry UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA) School of Psychiatry UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Dementia Collaborative Research Centre UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kim Delbaere
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, NeuRA, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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Sheu YS, Liang Y, Desmond JE. Disruption of Cerebellar Prediction in Verbal Working Memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:61. [PMID: 30846935 PMCID: PMC6393359 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the right cerebellum contributes to verbal working memory, but the functional role of this contribution remains unclear. In an established theory of motor control, the cerebellum is thought to predict sensory consequences of movements through an internal "forward model." Here, we hypothesize a similar predictive process can generalize to cerebellar non-motor function, and that the right cerebellum plays a predictive role that is beneficial for rapidly engaging the phonological loop in verbal working memory. To test this hypothesis, double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was administered over either the right cerebellum or right occipital lobe (control site), on half the trials, to interrupt the rehearsal of a 6-letter sequence. We found that cerebellar stimulation resulted in greater errors in participants' report of the letter in the current position. Additional analyses revealed that immediately after cerebellar TMS, participants were more likely to use out of date information to predict the next letter in the sequence. This pattern of errors is consistent with TMS causing a temporary disruption of state estimation and cerebellar forward model function, leading to prediction errors in the phonological loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shin Sheu
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John E Desmond
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Cole KR, Shields RK. Age and Cognitive Stress Influences Motor Skill Acquisition, Consolidation, and Dual-Task Effect in Humans. J Mot Behav 2019; 51:622-639. [PMID: 30600778 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2018.1547893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examined motor skill learning using a weight-bearing and cognitive-motor dual-task that incorporated unexpected perturbations and measurements of cognitive function. Forty young and 24 older adults performed a single-limb weight bearing task with novel speed, resistance, and cognitive dual task conditions to assess motor skill acquisition, retention and transfer. Subjects performed a cognitive dual task: summing letters in one color/orientation (simple) or two colors/orientations (complex). Increased cognitive load diminished the rate of skill acquisition, decreased transfer to new conditions, and increased error rate during an unexpected perturbation; however, young adults had a dual-task benefit from cognitive load. Executive function predicted 80% of the variability in dual-task performance. Although initial learning of a weight-bearing cognitive-motor dual-task was poor, longer term goals of improved dual-task effect and retention emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith R Cole
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA.,Department of Physical Therapy and Health Care Sciences, The George Washington University , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Richard K Shields
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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McIsaac TL, Fritz NE, Quinn L, Muratori LM. Cognitive-Motor Interference in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Narrative Review and Implications for Clinical Management. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2061. [PMID: 30425673 PMCID: PMC6218850 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides a narrative review of cognitive motor interference in neurodegeneration, including brain imaging findings specific to interference effects in neurodegenerative disease, and dual task assessment and intervention in Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Huntington’s disease (HD). In a healthy central nervous system the ability to process information is limited. Limitations in capacity to select and attend to inputs influence the ability to prepare and perform multiple tasks. As a result, the system balances demands, switching attention to the most task-relevant information as it becomes available. Limitations may become more apparent in persons with neurodegenerative diseases (ND) with system-specific impairments in PD, MS, and HD. These ND affect both cognitive and motor function and are thus particularly susceptible to dual task interference. Issues related to performer and task characteristics and implications of these findings for both the standard assessment of dual task abilities as well as development and evaluation of interventions aimed at improving dual task ability are discussed. In addition, we address the need for optimizing individualized assessment, intervention and evaluation of dual task function by choosing cognitive and motor tasks and measures that are sensitive to and appropriate for the individual’s level of function. Finally, we use current evidence to outline a 5-step process of clinical decision making that uses the dual task taxonomy as a framework for assessment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L McIsaac
- Department of Physical Therapy, Arizona School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
| | - Nora E Fritz
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Lori Quinn
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lisa M Muratori
- Department of Physical Therapy, SHTM, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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The Acute Physical and Cognitive Effects of a Classical Workplace Physical Activity Program Versus a Motor-Cognitive Coordination Workplace Program: A Randomized Crossover Trial. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 60:936-942. [PMID: 29905646 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the exercise loads and cognitive effects of a classical workplace program from that for a motor-cognitive coordination workplace intervention. METHODS Twenty-eight (28) employed adults (women 19, men 9) participated in a motor-cognitive coordination and a classical workplace health promotion exercise intervention. Effects on attention and cognition (trail making test [TMT]) as well as exercise load (heart rate and rates of perceived exhaustion [RPE]) were assessed. RESULTS The motor-cognitive intervention does not improve cognitive abilities (TMT-A: -4.6 ± 2.2 seconds; TMT-B: -8.5 ± 3.2 seconds) to a greater extent than the classical workplace health enhancement training (TMT-A: -4.6 ± 3.1 seconds; TMT-B: -7.4 ± 3.9 seconds) (P < 0.05). The exercise load was not different between the two interventions (maximal heart rate: 107 ± 8 vs 111 ± 6 bpm; RPE: 11.8 ± 1.7 vs 11.9 ± 1.2 points). CONCLUSIONS The motor-cognitive workplace intervention may be adopted as an additional/alternate enhancement in terms of varied activity, and not as a compensation intervention for workplace health. More research is needed to proof this assumption.
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Langhanns C, Müller H. Empirical Support for 'Hastening-Through-Re-Automatization' by Contrasting Two Motor-Cognitive Dual Tasks. Front Psychol 2018; 9:714. [PMID: 29887815 PMCID: PMC5981230 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor-cognitive dual tasks have been intensely studied and it has been demonstrated that even well practiced movements like walking show signs of interference when performed concurrently with a challenging cognitive task. Typically walking speed is reduced, at least in elderly persons. In contrast to these findings, some authors report an increased movement frequency under dual-task conditions, which they call hastening. A tentative explanation has been proposed, assuming that the respective movements are governed by an automatic control regime. Though, under single-task conditions, these automatic processes are supervised by “higher-order” cognitive control processes. However, when a concurrent cognitive task binds all cognitive resources, the automatic process is freed from the detrimental effect of cognitive surveillance, allowing higher movement frequencies. Fast rhythmic movements (>1 Hz) should more likely be governed by such an automatic process than low frequency discrete repetitive movements. Fifteen subjects performed two repetitive movements under single and dual-task condition, that is, in combination with a mental calculation task. According to the expectations derived from the explanatory concept, we found an increased movement frequency under dual-task conditions only for the fast rhythmic movement (paddleball task) but not for the slower discrete repetitive task (pegboard task). fNIRS measurements of prefrontal cortical load confirmed the idea of an automatic processing in the paddleball task, whereas the pegboard task seems to be more controlled by processes interfering with the calculation related processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Langhanns
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Nemolab, Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hermann Müller
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Nemolab, Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Santner A, Kopp M, Federolf P. Partly randomised, controlled study in children aged 6-10 years to investigate motor and cognitive effects of a 9-week coordination training intervention with concurrent mental tasks. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021026. [PMID: 29794099 PMCID: PMC5988081 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical training may play a prominent role in the development of preadolescent brains, but it is yet to be determined what type of exercise may generate higher cognitive effects, and if concurrent mental engagement provides further efficacy. The aim of this study is to investigate motor and cognitive effects of a 9-week exercise intervention in children aged 6-10 years. Trainings include the automatisation of challenging coordination exercises with concurrent mental tasks (intervention group) and multisport exercises with and without mental tasks (two control groups). It is hypothesised that all groups gain motor and cognitive effects, but highest benefits are expected for the combination of automatised coordination exercises with mental tasks. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Two elementary schools (∼500 students) take part in the study. Data are generated by using the German Motor Performance Test 6-18 (Deutscher Motorik-Test 6-18), TDS (Match 4 Point), d2-R test of attention and Kasel-Concentration-Task for Children Aged 3-8 Years; test-duration: 6-7 min. After pretesting in September 2017 and a 9-week training intervention, post-testing takes place in December 2017 and March 2018 (long-term effects). Training interventions consist of coordination exercises with concurrent mental tasks (intervention group) and multimotor exercises with and without concurrent mental tasks (control groups). Shapiro-Wilk test will be used to test for normal distribution and the Levene test for variance homogeneity. The appropriate multivariate statistical methods (multivariate analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test) will be used for analysing differences among the groups and for comparing preintervention with postintervention performances. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION All procedures have been approved by the board for ethical questions in science of the University of Innsbruck. Findings will be published in 2018 in international journals and presented at conferences. Schools will be informed of key results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Santner
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Sportunion Tirol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Kopp
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Federolf
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Paraskevoudi N, Balcı F, Vatakis A. "Walking" through the sensory, cognitive, and temporal degradations of healthy aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1426:72-92. [PMID: 29741265 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
As we age, there is a wide range of changes in motor, sensory, cognitive, and temporal processing due to alterations in the functioning of the central nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Specifically, aging is associated with degradations in gait; altered processing of the individual sensory systems; modifications in executive control, memory, and attention; and changes in temporal processing. These age-related alterations are often inter-related and have been suggested to result from shared neural substrates. Additionally, the overlap between these brain areas and those controlling walking raises the possibility of facilitating performance in several tasks by introducing protocols that can efficiently target all four domains. Attempts to counteract these negative effects of normal aging have been focusing on research to prevent falls and/or enhance cognitive processes, while ignoring the potential multisensory benefits accompanying old age. Research shows that the aging brain tends to increasingly rely on multisensory integration to compensate for degradations in individual sensory systems and for altered neural functioning. This review covers the age-related changes in the above-mentioned domains and the potential to exploit the benefits associated with multisensory integration in aging so as to improve one's mobility and enhance sensory, cognitive, and temporal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Paraskevoudi
- Multisensory and Temporal Processing Lab (MultiTimeLab), Department of History and Philosophy of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Fuat Balcı
- Department of Psychology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Argiro Vatakis
- Multisensory and Temporal Processing Lab (MultiTimeLab), Department of History and Philosophy of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Cognitive Systems Research Institute, Athens, Greece
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Papegaaij S, Hortobágyi T, Godde B, Kaan WA, Erhard P, Voelcker-Rehage C. Neural correlates of motor-cognitive dual-tasking in young and old adults. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189025. [PMID: 29220349 PMCID: PMC5722310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
When two tasks are performed simultaneously, performance often declines in one or both tasks. These so-called dual-task costs are more pronounced in old than in young adults. One proposed neurological mechanism of the dual-task costs is that old compared with young adults tend to execute single-tasks with higher brain activation. In the brain regions that are needed for both tasks, the reduced residual capacity may interfere with performance of the dual-task. This competition for shared brain regions has been called structural interference. The purpose of the study was to determine whether structural interference indeed plays a role in the age-related decrease in dual-task performance. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate 23 young adults (20–29 years) and 32 old adults (66–89 years) performing a calculation (serial subtraction by seven) and balance-simulation (plantar flexion force control) task separately or simultaneously. Behavioral performance decreased during the dual-task compared with the single-tasks in both age groups, with greater dual-task costs in old compared with young adults. Brain activation was significantly higher in old than young adults during all conditions. Region of interest analyses were performed on brain regions that were active in both tasks. Structural interference was apparent in the right insula, as quantified by an age-related reduction in upregulation of brain activity from single- to dual-task. However, the magnitude of upregulation did not correlate with dual-task costs. Therefore, we conclude that the greater dual-task costs in old adults were probably not due to increased structural interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Papegaaij
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (SP); (CV)
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben Godde
- Jacobs Center on Lifelong Learning and Institutional Development, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wim A. Kaan
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Erhard
- Brain Research Institute, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Jacobs Center on Lifelong Learning and Institutional Development, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- * E-mail: (SP); (CV)
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Xu G, Zhang M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Huo C, Li Z, Huo M. Functional connectivity analysis of distracted drivers based on the wavelet phase coherence of functional near-infrared spectroscopy signals. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188329. [PMID: 29176895 PMCID: PMC5703451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the functional connectivity (FC) in relevant cortex areas during simulated driving with distraction based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) method. Twelve subjects were recruited to perform three types of driving tasks, namely, straight driving, straight driving with secondary auditory task, and straight driving with secondary visual vigilance task, on a driving simulator. The wavelet amplitude (WA) and wavelet phase coherence (WPCO) of the fNIRS signals were calculated in six frequency intervals: I, 0.6-2 Hz; II, 0.145-0.6 Hz; III, 0.052-0.145 Hz; IV, 0.021-0.052 Hz; and V, 0.0095-0.021 Hz, VI, 0.005-0.0095Hz. Results showed that secondary tasks during driving led to worse driving performance, brain activity changes, and dynamic configuration of the connectivity. The significantly lower WA value in the right motor cortex in interval IV, and higher WPCO values in intervals II, V, and VI were found with additional auditory task. Significant standard deviation of speed and lower WA values in the left prefrontal cortex and right prefrontal cortex in interval VI, and lower WPCO values in intervals I, IV, V, and VI were found under the additional visual vigilance task. The results suggest that the changed FC levels in intervals IV, V, and VI were more likely to reflect the driver's distraction condition. The present study provides new insights into the relationship between distracted driving behavior and brain activity. The method may be used for the evaluation of drivers' attention level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongcheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Zhian Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Huo
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zengyong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Aids Technology and System of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mengyou Huo
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
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