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Pupíková M, Maceira-Elvira P, Harquel S, Šimko P, Popa T, Gajdoš M, Lamoš M, Nencha U, Mitterová K, Šimo A, Hummel FC, Rektorová I. Physiology-inspired bifocal fronto-parietal tACS for working memory enhancement. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37427. [PMID: 39315230 PMCID: PMC11417162 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging populations face significant cognitive challenges, particularly in working memory (WM). Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offer promising avenues for cognitive enhancement, especially when inspired by brain physiology. This study (NCT04986787) explores the effect of multifocal tACS on WM performance in healthy older adults, focusing on fronto-parietal network modulation. Individualized physiology-inspired tACS applied to the fronto-parietal network was investigated in two blinded cross-over experiments. The first experiment involved monofocal/bifocal theta-tACS to the fronto-parietal network, while in the second experiment cross-frequency theta-gamma interactions between these regions were explored. Participants have done online WM tasks under the stimulation conditions. Network connectivity was assessed via rs-fMRI and multichannel electroencephalography. Prefrontal monofocal theta tACS modestly improved WM accuracy over sham (d = 0.30). Fronto-parietal stimulation enhanced WM task processing speed, with the strongest effects for bifocal in-phase theta tACS (d = 0.41). Cross-frequency stimulations modestly boosted processing speed with or without impairing task accuracy depending on the stimulation protocol. This research adds to the understanding of physiology-inspired brain stimulation for cognitive enhancement in older subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pupíková
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pablo Maceira-Elvira
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, CH, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Harquel
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, CH, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Šimko
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Traian Popa
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, CH, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland
| | - Martin Gajdoš
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lamoš
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Umberto Nencha
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, CH, Geneva, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kristína Mitterová
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Šimo
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Friedhelm C. Hummel
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, CH, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute (INX), EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Irena Rektorová
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Wang B, Peterchev AV, Gaugain G, Ilmoniemi RJ, Grill WM, Bikson M, Nikolayev D. Quasistatic approximation in neuromodulation. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:10.1088/1741-2552/ad625e. [PMID: 38994790 PMCID: PMC11370654 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad625e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
We define and explain the quasistatic approximation (QSA) as applied to field modeling for electrical and magnetic stimulation. Neuromodulation analysis pipelines include discrete stages, and QSA is applied specifically when calculating the electric and magnetic fields generated in tissues by a given stimulation dose. QSA simplifies the modeling equations to support tractable analysis, enhanced understanding, and computational efficiency. The application of QSA in neuromodulation is based on four underlying assumptions: (A1) no wave propagation or self-induction in tissue, (A2) linear tissue properties, (A3) purely resistive tissue, and (A4) non-dispersive tissue. As a consequence of these assumptions, each tissue is assigned a fixed conductivity, and the simplified equations (e.g. Laplace's equation) are solved for the spatial distribution of the field, which is separated from the field's temporal waveform. Recognizing that electrical tissue properties may be more complex, we explain how QSA can be embedded in parallel or iterative pipelines to model frequency dependence or nonlinearity of conductivity. We survey the history and validity of QSA across specific applications, such as microstimulation, deep brain stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The precise definition and explanation of QSA in neuromodulation are essential for rigor when using QSA models or testing their limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshuo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Angel V Peterchev
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Gaugain
- Institut d’Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR UMR 6164), CNRS / University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Risto J Ilmoniemi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Marom Bikson
- The City College of New York, New York, NY 11238, United States of America
| | - Denys Nikolayev
- Institut d’Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR UMR 6164), CNRS / University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
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Park Y, Yoon E, Park J, Kim JS, Han JW, Bae JB, Kim SS, Kim DW, Woo SJ, Park J, Lee W, Yoo S, Kim KW. White matter microstructural integrity as a key to effective propagation of gamma entrainment in humans. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01281-2. [PMID: 39004653 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma entrainment through sensory stimulation has the potential to reduce the pathology of Alzheimer's disease in mouse models. However, clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have yielded inconsistent results, necessitating further investigation. This single-center pre-post intervention study aims to explore the influence of white matter microstructural integrity on gamma rhythm propagation from the visual cortex to AD-affected regions in 31 cognitively normal volunteers aged ≥ 65. Gamma rhythm propagation induced by optimal FLS was measured. Diffusion tensor imaging was employed to assess the integrity of white matter tracts of interest. After excluding 5 participants with a deficit in steady-state visually evoked potentials, 26 participants were included in the final analysis. In the linear regression analyses, gamma entrainment was identified as a significant predictor of gamma propagation (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the study identified white matter microstructural integrity as a significant predictor of gamma propagation by flickering light stimulation (p < 0.05), which was specific to tracts that connect occipital and temporal or frontal regions. These findings indicate that, despite robust entrainment of gamma rhythms in the visual cortex, their propagation to other regions may be impaired if the microstructural integrity of the white matter tracts connecting the visual cortex to other areas is compromised. Consequently, our findings have expanded our understanding of the prerequisites for effective gamma entrainment and suggest that future clinical trials utilizing visual stimulation for gamma entrainment should consider white matter tract microstructural integrity for candidate selection and outcome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseung Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Euisuk Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong Bin Bae
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Won Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Joon Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeok Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wheesung Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghyup Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Seoul National University Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Suwon, Korea.
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea.
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Lee TW, Tramontano G. Neural consequences of 5-Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation over right hemisphere: An eLORETA EEG study. Neurosci Lett 2024; 835:137849. [PMID: 38825146 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 5-Hz to the right hemisphere can effectively alleviate anxiety symptoms. This study aimed to explore the neural mechanisms that drive the therapeutic benefits. METHODS We collected electroencephalography (EEG) data from 24 participants with anxiety disorders before and after a tACS treatment session. tACS was applied over the right hemisphere, with 1.0 mA at F4, 1.0 mA at P4, and 2.0 mA at T8 (10-10 EEG convention). With eLORETA, we transformed the scalp signals into the current source density in the cortex. We then assessed the differences between post- and pre-treatment brain maps across multiple spectra (delta to low gamma) with non-parametric statistics. RESULTS We observed a trend of heightened power in alpha and reduced power in mid-to-high beta and low gamma, in accord with the EEG markers of anxiolytic effects reported in previous studies. Additionally, we observed a consistent trend of de-synchronization at the stimulating sites across spectra. CONCLUSION tACS 5-Hz over the right hemisphere demonstrated EEG markers of anxiety reduction. The after-effects of tACS on the brain are intricate and cannot be explained solely by the widely circulated entrainment theory. Rather, our results support the involvement of plasticity mechanisms in the offline effects of tACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Wen Lee
- The NeuroCognitive Institute (NCI) Clinical Research Foundation, NJ 07856, USA
| | - Gerald Tramontano
- The NeuroCognitive Institute (NCI) Clinical Research Foundation, NJ 07856, USA.
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Ikarashi H, Otsuru N, Gomez-Tames J, Hirata A, Nagasaka K, Miyaguchi S, Sakurai N, Ohno K, Kodama N, Onishi H. Modulation of pain perception through transcranial alternating current stimulation and its nonlinear relationship with the simulated electric field magnitude. Eur J Pain 2024; 28:1018-1028. [PMID: 38318653 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oscillatory activities observed in multiple regions are closely associated with the experience of pain. Specifically, oscillatory activities within the theta- and beta-frequency bands, observed in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), have been implicated in pain perception among healthy individuals and those with chronic pain. However, their physiological significance remains unclear. METHODS We explored the modulation of pain perception in healthy individuals by theta- and beta-band transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over the left DLPFC and examined the relationship between the modulation effect and magnitude of the electric field elicited by tACS in the left DLPFC using computational simulation. RESULTS Our findings revealed that both theta- and beta-tACS increased the heat pain threshold during and after stimulation. Notably, the simulated electric field magnitude in the left DLPFC exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship with the pain modulation effect for theta-tACS. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings suggested that there would be an optimal electric field strength to produce a high analgesic effect for theta-tACS. SIGNIFICANCE The application of theta- and beta-tACS interventions targeting the left DLPFC might facilitate the treatment of chronic pain. Furthermore, the attainment of effective pain modulation via theta-tACS over the DLPFC warrants the use of optimal stimulus intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ikarashi
- Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - N Otsuru
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - J Gomez-Tames
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - A Hirata
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - K Nagasaka
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - S Miyaguchi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - N Sakurai
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - K Ohno
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - N Kodama
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - H Onishi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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Wessel MJ, Draaisma LR, Durand-Ruel M, Maceira-Elvira P, Moyne M, Turlan JL, Mühl A, Chauvigné L, Koch PJ, Morishita T, Guggisberg AG, Hummel FC. Multi-focal Stimulation of the Cortico-cerebellar Loop During the Acquisition of a Novel Hand Motor Skill in Chronic Stroke Survivors. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:341-354. [PMID: 36802021 PMCID: PMC10951005 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Impairment of hand motor function is a frequent consequence after a stroke and strongly determines the ability to regain a self-determined life. An influential research strategy for improving motor deficits is the combined application of behavioral training and non-invasive brain stimulation of the motor cortex (M1). However, a convincing clinical translation of the present stimulation strategies has not been achieved yet. One alternative and innovative approach is to target the functionally relevant brain network-based architecture, e.g., the dynamic interactions within the cortico-cerebellar system during learning. Here, we tested a sequential multifocal stimulation strategy targeting the cortico-cerebellar loop. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied simultaneously to a hand-based motor training in N = 11 chronic stroke survivors during four training sessions on two consecutive days. The tested conditions were: sequential multifocal (M1-cerebellum (CB)-M1-CB) vs. monofocal control stimulation (M1-sham-M1-sham). Additionally, skill retention was assessed 1 and 10 days after the training phase. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation data were recorded to characterize stimulation response determining features. The application of CB-tDCS boosted motor behavior in the early training phase in comparison to the control condition. No faciliatory effects on the late training phase or skill retention were detected. Stimulation response variability was related to the magnitude of baseline motor ability and short intracortical inhibition (SICI). The present findings suggest a learning phase-specific role of the cerebellar cortex during the acquisition of a motor skill in stroke and that personalized stimulation strategies encompassing several nodes of the underlying brain network should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Wessel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
- University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Department of Neurology, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - L R Draaisma
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - M Durand-Ruel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - P Maceira-Elvira
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - M Moyne
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J-L Turlan
- Clinique Romande de Réadaptation (CRR Suva), Sion, Switzerland
| | - A Mühl
- Clinique Romande de Réadaptation (CRR Suva), Sion, Switzerland
| | - L Chauvigné
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P J Koch
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - T Morishita
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - A G Guggisberg
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
- Universitäre Neurorehabilitation, Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Inselspital, University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - F C Hummel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland.
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Sasaki A, Aisawa A, Takeuchi N. Transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates backward walking training. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:67-77. [PMID: 37955707 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Backward walking training presents a great challenge to the physical and neural systems, which may result in an improvement in gait performance. Transcranial direct current electrical stimulation (tDCS), which can non-invasively enhance cortical activity, has been reported to strengthen corticomotor plasticity. We investigated whether excitatory tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1) or the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) enhances the effects of backward walking training in healthy participants. Thirty-six healthy participants (16 men and 20 women, mean age 21.3 ± 1.4 years) participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to one of the three tDCS groups (M1, DLPFC, and sham). They performed 5 min of backward walking training during 15 min of tDCS. We evaluated dual-task forward and backward walking performance before and after training. Both tDCS groups increased walking speed in the backward condition, but the DLPFC group increased the dual-task backward walking speed more than the M1 group. The M1 group showed decreased gait variability in dual-task backward walking, whereas the DLPFC group showed increased gait variability. Backward walking training combined with M1 stimulation may increase the backward walking speed by reducing gait variability. Backward walking training combined with DLPFC stimulation may prioritize walking speed over gait stability. Our results indicate that backward walking training combined with tDCS may be extended to other rehabilitation methods to improve gait performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuka Sasaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Anri Aisawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Meng Q, Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Liu J, Ye L, Kong W, Yan C, Liang Z, Yang F, Wang K, Bu J. A novel approach to modulating response inhibition: Multi-channel beta transcranial alternating current stimulation. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 91:103872. [PMID: 38159441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in response inhibition are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders. Previous studies have revealed the crucial role of the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), and beta activity in these brain regions in response inhibition. Multi-channel transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has garnered significant attention for its ability to modulate neural oscillations in brain networks. In this study, we employed multi-channel tACS targeting rIFG-preSMA network to investigate its impact on response inhibition in healthy adults. METHODS In Experiment 1, 70 healthy participants were randomly assigned to receive 20 Hz in-phase, anti-phase, or sham stimulation over rIFG-preSMA network. Response inhibition was assessed using the stop-signal task during and after stimulation, and impulsiveness was measured via the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Additionally, 25 participants received stimulation at the left supraorbital area to account for potential effects of the "return" electrode. Experiment 2, consisting of 25 participants, was conducted to validate the primary findings of Experiment 1, including both in-phase and sham stimulation conditions, based on prior estimations derived from the results of Experiment 1. RESULTS In Experiment 1, we found that in-phase stimulation significantly improved response inhibition compared with sham stimulation, whereas anti-phase stimulation did not. These findings were consistently replicated in Experiment 2. We also conducted an exploratory analysis of the multi-channel tACS impact, revealing that its effects primarily emerged during the post-stimulation phase. Furthermore, individuals with higher baseline attentional impulsiveness showed greater improvements in the in-phase stimulation group. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that in-phase beta-tACS over rIFG-preSMA network can effectively improve response inhibition in healthy adults and provides a new potential treatment for patients with deficits in response inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujian Meng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiafang Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Psychology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Weimin Kong
- People's Hospital of Lujiang County, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chenxi Yan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junjie Bu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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9
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Zhang DW, Johnstone SJ, Sauce B, Arns M, Sun L, Jiang H. Remote neurocognitive interventions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - Opportunities and challenges. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110802. [PMID: 37257770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Improving neurocognitive functions through remote interventions has been a promising approach to developing new treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). Remote neurocognitive interventions may address the shortcomings of the current prevailing pharmacological therapies for AD/HD, e.g., side effects and access barriers. Here we review the current options for remote neurocognitive interventions to reduce AD/HD symptoms, including cognitive training, EEG neurofeedback training, transcranial electrical stimulation, and external cranial nerve stimulation. We begin with an overview of the neurocognitive deficits in AD/HD to identify the targets for developing interventions. The role of neuroplasticity in each intervention is then highlighted due to its essential role in facilitating neuropsychological adaptations. Following this, each intervention type is discussed in terms of the critical details of the intervention protocols, the role of neuroplasticity, and the available evidence. Finally, we offer suggestions for future directions in terms of optimizing the existing intervention protocols and developing novel protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Psychology/Center for Place-Based Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
| | - Stuart J Johnstone
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Bruno Sauce
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Arns
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Brainclinics Foundation, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; NeuroCare Group, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Li Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Jiang
- College of Special Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Joshi R, Murali S, Thirugnanasambandam N. Behavioral Validation of Individualized Low-Intensity Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) Protocols. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0374-22.2023. [PMID: 38135512 PMCID: PMC10748339 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0374-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Large interindividual variability in the effects of low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) considerably limits its potential for clinical applications. It has been recently proposed that individualizing stimulation dose by accounting for interindividual anatomic differences would reduce the variability in electric fields (E-fields) over the targeted cortical site and therefore produce more consistent behavioral outcomes. However, improvement in behavioral outcomes following individualized dose tES has never been compared with that of conventional fixed dose tES. In this study, we aimed to empirically evaluate the effect of individualized dose tES on behavior and further compare it with the effects of sham and fixed dose stimulations. We conducted a single-blinded, sham-controlled, repeated-measures study to examine the impact of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor learning and that of transcranial alternating current stimulation on the working memory of 42 healthy adult individuals. Each participant underwent three sessions of tES, receiving fixed dose, individualized dose, or sham stimulation over the targeted brain region for the entire behavioral task. Our results showed that the individualized dose reduced the variability in E-fields at the targeted cortical surfaces. However, there was no significant effect of tES on behavioral outcomes. We argue that although the stimulation dose and E-field intensity at the targeted cortical site are linearly correlated, the effect of E-fields on behavior seems to be more complex. Effective optimization of tES protocols warrants further research considering both neuroanatomical and functional aspects of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Joshi
- National Brain Research Centre (NBRC), Manesar 122 052, India
- Human Motor Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sainath Murali
- National Brain Research Centre (NBRC), Manesar 122 052, India
- Human Motor Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nivethida Thirugnanasambandam
- National Brain Research Centre (NBRC), Manesar 122 052, India
- Human Motor Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076, India
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11
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Lee S, Shirinpour S, Alekseichuk I, Perera N, Linn G, Schroeder CE, Falchier AY, Opitz A. Predicting the phase distribution during multi-channel transcranial alternating current stimulation in silico and in vivo. Comput Biol Med 2023; 166:107516. [PMID: 37769460 PMCID: PMC10955626 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a widely used noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technique to affect neural activity. TACS experiments have been coupled with computational simulations to predict the electromagnetic fields within the brain. However, existing simulations are focused on the magnitude of the field. As the possibility of inducing the phase gradient in the brain using multiple tACS electrodes arises, a simulation framework is necessary to investigate and predict the phase gradient of electric fields during multi-channel tACS. OBJECTIVE Here, we develop such a framework for phasor simulation using phasor algebra and evaluate its accuracy using in vivo recordings in monkeys. METHODS We extract the phase and amplitude of electric fields from intracranial recordings in two monkeys during multi-channel tACS and compare them to those calculated by phasor analysis using finite element models. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that simulated phases correspond well to measured phases (r = 0.9). Further, we systematically evaluated the impact of accurate electrode placement on modeling and data agreement. Finally, our framework can predict the amplitude distribution in measurements given calibrated tissues' conductivity. CONCLUSIONS Our validated general framework for simulating multi-phase, multi-electrode tACS provides a streamlined tool for principled planning of multi-channel tACS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN, USA.
| | - Sina Shirinpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Ivan Alekseichuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Nipun Perera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Gary Linn
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Charles E Schroeder
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Departments of Neurological Surgery and Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, NY, USA
| | - Arnaud Y Falchier
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN, USA.
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12
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Van Hoornweder S, Nuyts M, Frieske J, Verstraelen S, Meesen RLJ, Caulfield KA. Outcome measures for electric field modeling in tES and TMS: A systematic review and large-scale modeling study. Neuroimage 2023; 281:120379. [PMID: 37716590 PMCID: PMC11008458 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electric field (E-field) modeling is a potent tool to estimate the amount of transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation (TMS and tES, respectively) that reaches the cortex and to address the variable behavioral effects observed in the field. However, outcome measures used to quantify E-fields vary considerably and a thorough comparison is missing. OBJECTIVES This two-part study aimed to examine the different outcome measures used to report on tES and TMS induced E-fields, including volume- and surface-level gray matter, region of interest (ROI), whole brain, geometrical, structural, and percentile-based approaches. The study aimed to guide future research in informed selection of appropriate outcome measures. METHODS Three electronic databases were searched for tES and/or TMS studies quantifying E-fields. The identified outcome measures were compared across volume- and surface-level E-field data in ten tES and TMS modalities targeting two common targets in 100 healthy individuals. RESULTS In the systematic review, we extracted 308 outcome measures from 202 studies that adopted either a gray matter volume-level (n = 197) or surface-level (n = 111) approach. Volume-level results focused on E-field magnitude, while surface-level data encompassed E-field magnitude (n = 64) and normal/tangential E-field components (n = 47). E-fields were extracted in ROIs, such as brain structures and shapes (spheres, hexahedra and cylinders), or the whole brain. Percentiles or mean values were mostly used to quantify E-fields. Our modeling study, which involved 1,000 E-field models and > 1,000,000 extracted E-field values, revealed that different outcome measures yielded distinct E-field values, analyzed different brain regions, and did not always exhibit strong correlations in the same within-subject E-field model. CONCLUSIONS Outcome measure selection significantly impacts the locations and intensities of extracted E-field data in both tES and TMS E-field models. The suitability of different outcome measures depends on the target region, TMS/tES modality, individual anatomy, the analyzed E-field component and the research question. To enhance the quality, rigor, and reproducibility in the E-field modeling domain, we suggest standard reporting practices across studies and provide four recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybren Van Hoornweder
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Marten Nuyts
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Joana Frieske
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Verstraelen
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Raf L J Meesen
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin A Caulfield
- Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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13
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Kamada H, Takeuchi N. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Temporoparietal Junction Modulates Posture Control in Unfamiliar Environments. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1514. [PMID: 38002475 PMCID: PMC10669516 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporoparietal junction (TPJ), which integrates visual, somatosensory, and vestibular information to form body schema, is involved in human postural control. We evaluated whether or not the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the TPJ can modulate postural control on an unstable surface with eyes closed, during which the updating of body schema is needed to maintain balance. Sixteen healthy subjects participated in this study. The order of the three types of tDCS (anodal, cathodal, and sham) over the right TPJ was counterbalanced across the participants. We evaluated dynamic posture control while the participants were standing on a stable surface with eyes open and an unstable surface with eyes closed. Anodal tDCS enhanced postural control on an unstable surface with eyes closed during and after stimulation, but cathodal tDCS deteriorated postural control during stimulation. Neither anodal nor cathodal tDCS altered postural control while the participants were on a stable surface with eyes open. Anodal tDCS may enhance postural control with non-vision and altered tactile perception by activating the TPJ, which integrates multisensory inputs to update the body schema, whereas cathodal tDCS has the opposite effect. tDCS over the TPJ may facilitate the updating of body schemas to accommodate changes in sensory inputs and help develop novel approaches to prevent falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kamada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Onoba Hospital, Seikan-kai Healthcare Corporation, Akita 010-1424, Japan;
| | - Naoyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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14
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Meng Q, Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Ni R, Yang L, Liu J, Bu J. Dual-site beta tACS over rIFG and M1 enhances response inhibition: A parallel multiple control and replication study. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100411. [PMID: 37731603 PMCID: PMC10507441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition is a core component of cognitive control. Past electrophysiology and neuroimaging studies have identified beta oscillations and inhibitory control cortical regions correlated with response inhibition, including the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and primary motor cortex (M1). Hence, increasing beta activity in multiple brain regions is a potential way to enhance response inhibition. Here, a novel dual-site transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) method was used to modulate beta activity over the rIFG-M1 network in a sample of 115 (excluding 2 participants) with multiple control groups and a replicated experimental design. In Experiment 1, 70 healthy participants were randomly assigned to three dual-site beta-tACS groups, including in-phase, anti-phase or sham stimulation. During and after stimulation, participants were required to complete the stop-signal task, and electroencephalography (EEG) was collected before and after stimulation. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale was completed before the experiment to evaluate participants' impulsiveness. In addition, we conducted an active control experiment with a sample size of 20 to exclude the potential effects of the dual-site tACS "return" electrode. To validate the behavioural findings of Experiment 1, 25 healthy participants took part in Experiment 2 and were randomized into two groups, including in-phase and sham stimulation groups. We found that compared to the sham group, in-phase but not anti-phase beta-tACS significantly improved both response inhibition performance and beta synchronization of the inhibitory control network in Experiment 1. Furthermore, the increased beta synchronization was correlated with enhanced response inhibition. In an independent sample of Experiment 2, the enhanced response inhibition performance observed in the in-phase group was replicated. After combining the data from the above two experiments, the time dynamics analysis revealed that the in-phase beta-tACS effect occurred in the post-stimulation period but not the stimulation period. The state-dependence analysis showed that individuals with poorer baseline response inhibition or higher attentional impulsiveness had greater improvement in response inhibition for the in-phase group. These findings strongly support that response inhibition in healthy adults can be improved by in-phase dual-site beta-tACS of the rIFG-M1 network, and provide a new potential treatment targets of synchronized cortical network activity for patients with clinically deficient response inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujian Meng
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiafang Liu
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junjie Bu
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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15
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Soleimani G, Nitsche MA, Bergmann TO, Towhidkhah F, Violante IR, Lorenz R, Kuplicki R, Tsuchiyagaito A, Mulyana B, Mayeli A, Ghobadi-Azbari P, Mosayebi-Samani M, Zilverstand A, Paulus MP, Bikson M, Ekhtiari H. Closing the loop between brain and electrical stimulation: towards precision neuromodulation treatments. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:279. [PMID: 37582922 PMCID: PMC10427701 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most critical challenges in using noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques for the treatment of psychiatric and neurologic disorders is inter- and intra-individual variability in response to NIBS. Response variations in previous findings suggest that the one-size-fits-all approach does not seem the most appropriate option for enhancing stimulation outcomes. While there is a growing body of evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of individualized NIBS approaches, the optimal way to achieve this is yet to be determined. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is one of the NIBS techniques showing promising results in modulating treatment outcomes in several psychiatric and neurologic disorders, but it faces the same challenge for individual optimization. With new computational and methodological advances, tES can be integrated with real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) to establish closed-loop tES-fMRI for individually optimized neuromodulation. Closed-loop tES-fMRI systems aim to optimize stimulation parameters based on minimizing differences between the model of the current brain state and the desired value to maximize the expected clinical outcome. The methodological space to optimize closed-loop tES fMRI for clinical applications includes (1) stimulation vs. data acquisition timing, (2) fMRI context (task-based or resting-state), (3) inherent brain oscillations, (4) dose-response function, (5) brain target trait and state and (6) optimization algorithm. Closed-loop tES-fMRI technology has several advantages over non-individualized or open-loop systems to reshape the future of neuromodulation with objective optimization in a clinically relevant context such as drug cue reactivity for substance use disorder considering both inter and intra-individual variations. Using multi-level brain and behavior measures as input and desired outcomes to individualize stimulation parameters provides a framework for designing personalized tES protocols in precision psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Soleimani
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
- Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Til Ole Bergmann
- Neuroimaging Center, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Farzad Towhidkhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ines R Violante
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, UK
| | - Romy Lorenz
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- MRC CBU, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurophysics, MPI, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Beni Mulyana
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Ahmad Mayeli
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | - Peyman Ghobadi-Azbari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mosayebi-Samani
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anna Zilverstand
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
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16
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Park J, Lee S, Park S, Lee C, Kim S, Im CH. Transcranial alternating current stimulation over multiple brain areas with non-zero phase delays other than 180 degrees modulates visuospatial working memory performance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12710. [PMID: 37543713 PMCID: PMC10404219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While zero-phase lag synchronization between multiple brain regions has been widely observed, relatively recent reports indicate that systematic phase delays between cortical regions reflect the direction of communications between cortical regions. For example, it has been suggested that a non-zero phase delay of electroencephalography (EEG) signals at the gamma frequency band between the bilateral parietal areas may reflect the direction of communication between these areas. We hypothesized that the direction of communication between distant brain areas might be modulated by multi-site transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with specific phase delays other than 0° and 180°. In this study, a new noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) method called multi-site multi-phase tACS (msmp-tACS) was proposed. The efficacy of the proposed method was tested in a case study using a visuospatial working memory (VWM) paradigm in which the optimal stimulation conditions including amplitudes and phases of multiple scalp electrodes were determined using finite element analysis adopting phasor representation. msmp-tACS was applied over the bilateral intraparietal sulci (IPS) and showed that 80 Hz tACS with the phase for the right IPS leading that for the left IPS by 90° (= 3.125 ms) partialized VWM performance toward the right visual hemifield. The three stimulation conditions were synchronized, RL, and LR, which refers to stimulation condition with no phase lag, stimulation phase of right IPS (rIPS) leading left IPS (lIPS) by 90° and the stimulation of lIPS leading rIPS by 90°, respectively. The lateralization of VWM significantly shifted towards right visual hemifield under the RL condition compared to the synchronized and LR conditions. The shift in VWM was the result of the stimulation affecting both left and right visual hemifield trials to certain degrees, rather than significantly increasing or decreasing VWM capacity of a specific visual hemifield. Altered brain dynamics caused by msmp-tACS partialized VWM performance, likely due to modulation of effective connectivity between the rIPS and lIPS. Our results suggest that msmp-tACS is a promising NBS method that can effectively modulate cortical networks that cannot be readily modulated with conventional multi-site stimulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungshin Kim
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Im
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Volpert V, Xu B, Tchechmedjiev A, Harispe S, Aksenov A, Mesnildrey Q, Beuter A. Characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics in EEG data during picture naming with optical flow patterns. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:11429-11463. [PMID: 37322989 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of the neural oscillations by analyzing the electric potential that arises from neural activity. We identify two types of dynamics based on the frequency and phase of oscillations: standing waves or as out-of-phase and modulated waves, which represent a combination of standing and moving waves. To characterize these dynamics, we use optical flow patterns such as sources, sinks, spirals and saddles. We compare analytical and numerical solutions with real EEG data acquired during a picture-naming task. Analytical approximation of standing waves helps us to establish some properties of pattern location and number. Specifically, sources and sinks are mainly located in the same location, while saddles are positioned between them. The number of saddles correlates with the sum of all the other patterns. These properties are confirmed in both the simulated and real EEG data. In particular, source and sink clusters in the EEG data overlap with each other with median percentages around 60%, and hence have high spatial correlation, while source/sink clusters overlap with saddle clusters in less than 1%, and have different locations. Our statistical analysis showed that saddles account for about 45% of all patterns, while the remaining patterns are present in similar proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Volpert
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - B Xu
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France
| | - A Tchechmedjiev
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France
| | - S Harispe
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France
| | | | | | - A Beuter
- CorStim SAS, Montpellier, France
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18
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Lee S, Shirinpour S, Alekseichuk I, Perera N, Linn G, Schroeder CE, Falchier AY, Opitz A. Experimental validation of computational models for the prediction of phase distribution during multi-channel transcranial alternating current stimulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.07.536090. [PMID: 37066288 PMCID: PMC10104155 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.07.536090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a widely used noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technique to affect neural activity. Neural oscillations exhibit phase-dependent associations with cognitive functions, and tools to manipulate local oscillatory phases can affect communication across remote brain regions. A recent study demonstrated that multi-channel tACS can generate electric fields with a phase gradient or traveling waves in the brain. Computational simulations using phasor algebra can predict the phase distribution inside the brain and aid in informing parameters in tACS experiments. However, experimental validation of computational models for multi-phase tACS is still lacking. Here, we develop such a framework for phasor simulation and evaluate its accuracy using in vivo recordings in nonhuman primates. We extract the phase and amplitude of electric fields from intracranial recordings in two monkeys during multi-channel tACS and compare them to those calculated by phasor analysis using finite element models. Our findings demonstrate that simulated phases correspond well to measured phases (r = 0.9). Further, we systematically evaluated the impact of accurate electrode placement on modeling and data agreement. Finally, our framework can predict the amplitude distribution in measurements given calibrated tissues’ conductivity. Our validated general framework for simulating multi-phase, multi-electrode tACS provides a streamlined tool for principled planning of multi-channel tACS experiments.
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He Y, Liu S, Chen L, Ke Y, Ming D. Neurophysiological mechanisms of transcranial alternating current stimulation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1091925. [PMID: 37090788 PMCID: PMC10117687 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1091925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal oscillations are the primary basis for precise temporal coordination of neuronal processing and are linked to different brain functions. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has demonstrated promising potential in improving cognition by entraining neural oscillations. Despite positive findings in recent decades, the results obtained are sometimes rife with variance and replicability problems, and the findings translation to humans is quite challenging. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying tACS is necessitated for accurate interpretation of experimental results. Animal models are useful for understanding tACS mechanisms, optimizing parameter administration, and improving rational design for broad horizons of tACS. Here, we review recent electrophysiological advances in tACS from animal models, as well as discuss some critical issues for results coordination and translation. We hope to provide an overview of neurophysiological mechanisms and recommendations for future consideration to improve its validity, specificity, and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen He
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yufeng Ke
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural Engineering, Tianjin, China
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20
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Van Hoornweder S, Nuyts M, Frieske J, Verstraelen S, Meesen RLJ, Caulfield KA. A Systematic Review and Large-Scale tES and TMS Electric Field Modeling Study Reveals How Outcome Measure Selection Alters Results in a Person- and Montage-Specific Manner. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.22.529540. [PMID: 36865243 PMCID: PMC9980068 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.22.529540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Electric field (E-field) modeling is a potent tool to examine the cortical effects of transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation (TMS and tES, respectively) and to address the high variability in efficacy observed in the literature. However, outcome measures used to report E-field magnitude vary considerably and have not yet been compared in detail. Objectives The goal of this two-part study, encompassing a systematic review and modeling experiment, was to provide an overview of the different outcome measures used to report the magnitude of tES and TMS E-fields, and to conduct a direct comparison of these measures across different stimulation montages. Methods Three electronic databases were searched for tES and/or TMS studies reporting E-field magnitude. We extracted and discussed outcome measures in studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Additionally, outcome measures were compared via models of four common tES and two TMS modalities in 100 healthy younger adults. Results In the systematic review, we included 118 studies using 151 outcome measures related to E-field magnitude. Structural and spherical regions of interest (ROI) analyses and percentile-based whole-brain analyses were used most often. In the modeling analyses, we found that there was an average of only 6% overlap between ROI and percentile-based whole-brain analyses in the investigated volumes within the same person. The overlap between ROI and whole-brain percentiles was montage- and person-specific, with more focal montages such as 4Ã-1 and APPS-tES, and figure-of-eight TMS showing up to 73%, 60%, and 52% overlap between ROI and percentile approaches respectively. However, even in these cases, 27% or more of the analyzed volume still differed between outcome measures in every analyses. Conclusions The choice of outcome measures meaningfully alters the interpretation of tES and TMS E-field models. Well-considered outcome measure selection is imperative for accurate interpretation of results, valid between-study comparisons, and depends on stimulation focality and study goals. We formulated four recommendations to increase the quality and rigor of E-field modeling outcome measures. With these data and recommendations, we hope to guide future studies towards informed outcome measure selection, and improve the comparability of studies.
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Wischnewski M, Alekseichuk I, Opitz A. Neurocognitive, physiological, and biophysical effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation. Trends Cogn Sci 2023; 27:189-205. [PMID: 36543610 PMCID: PMC9852081 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate human neural activity and behavior. Accordingly, tACS has vast potential for cognitive research and brain disorder therapies. The stimulation generates oscillating electric fields in the brain that can bias neural spike timing, causing changes in local neural oscillatory power and cross-frequency and cross-area coherence. tACS affects cognitive performance by modulating underlying single or nested brain rhythms, local or distal synchronization, and metabolic activity. Clinically, stimulation tailored to abnormal neural oscillations shows promising results in alleviating psychiatric and neurological symptoms. We summarize the findings of tACS mechanisms, its use for cognitive applications, and novel developments for personalized stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Wischnewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ivan Alekseichuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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22
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Zhang DW, Moraidis A, Klingberg T. Individually tuned theta HD-tACS improves spatial performance. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:1439-1447. [PMID: 36328341 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to improve visuospatial working memory (vsWM) has received considerable attention over the past few years. However, fundamental issues remain, such as the optimal frequency, the generality of behavioral effects, and the anatomical specificity of stimulation. OBJECTIVES Here we examined the effects of two theory-driven tACS protocols for improving vsWM on behavioral and electroencephalogram (EEG) measures. METHODS Twenty adults each completed 3 HD-tACS conditions (Tuned, Slow, and Sham) on two separate days. The Tuned condition refers to a situation in which the frequency of tACS is tuned to individual theta peak measured during a vsWM task. By contrast, the frequency was fixed to 4 Hz in the Slow condition. A high-definition tACS was deployed to target smaller frontal and parietal regions for increasing their phase-locking values. During each tACS condition, participants performed vsWM, mental rotation (MR), and arithmetic tasks. Resting-state EEG (rs-EEG) was recorded before and after each condition. RESULTS Compared with Sham, Tuned but not Slow improved both vsWM and MR but not arithmetics. The rs-EEG recording showed an increased fronto-parietal synchrony for Tuned, and this increase in synchronicity was correlated with the behavioral improvement. A follow-up study showed no behavioral improvement in Tuned with an anti-phase setting. CONCLUSION We provide the first evidence that simulating right fronto-parietal network with the tuned frequency increases the interregional synchronicity and improves performance on two spatial tasks. The results provide insight into the structure of spatial abilities as well as suggestions for stimulating the fronto-parietal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | | | - Torkel Klingberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
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23
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Van Hoornweder S, A Caulfield K, Nitsche M, Thielscher A, L J Meesen R. Addressing transcranial electrical stimulation variability through prospective individualized dosing of electric field strength in 300 participants across two samples: the 2-SPED approach. J Neural Eng 2022; 19:056045. [PMID: 36240729 PMCID: PMC9855635 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac9a78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a promising method for modulating brain activity and excitability with variable results to date. To minimize electric (E-)field strength variability, we introduce the 2-sample prospective E-field dosing (2-SPED) approach, which uses E-field strengths induced by tES in a first population to individualize stimulation intensity in a second population.Approach. We performed E-field modeling of three common tES montages in 300 healthy younger adults. First, permutation analyses identified the sample size required to obtain a stable group average E-field in the primary motor cortex (M1), with stability being defined as the number of participants where all group-average E-field strengths ± standard deviation did not leave the population's 5-95 percentile range. Second, this stable group average was used to individualize tES intensity in a second independent population (n = 100). The impact of individualized versus fixed intensity tES on E-field strength variability was analyzed.Main results. In the first population, stable group average E-field strengths (V/m) in M1 were achieved at 74-85 participants, depending on the tES montage. Individualizing the stimulation intensity (mA) in the second population resulted in uniform M1 E-field strength (all p < 0.001) and significantly diminished peak cortical E-field strength variability (all p < 0.01), across all montages.Significance. 2-SPED is a feasible way to prospectively induce more uniform E-field strengths in a region of interest. Future studies might apply 2-SPED to investigate whether decreased E-field strength variability also results in decreased physiological and behavioral variability in response to tES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybren Van Hoornweder
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kevin A Caulfield
- Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Michael Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bürkle de la Camp-Platz, Bochum, Germany
| | - Axel Thielscher
- Section for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raf L J Meesen
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Mulyana B, Tsuchiyagaito A, Misaki M, Kuplicki R, Smith J, Soleimani G, Rashedi A, Shereen D, Bergman TO, Cheng S, Paulus MP, Bodurka J, Ekhtiari H. Online closed-loop real-time tES-fMRI for brain modulation: A technical report. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2667. [PMID: 36134450 PMCID: PMC9575607 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) can be performed during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The novel approach of using concurrent tES-fMRI to modulate and measure targeted brain activity/connectivity may provide unique insights into the causal interactions between the brain neural responses and psychiatric/neurologic signs and symptoms, and importantly, guide the development of new treatments. However, tES stimulation parameters to optimally influence the underlying brain activity may vary with respect to phase difference, frequency, intensity, and electrode's montage among individuals. Here, we propose a protocol for closed-loop tES-fMRI to optimize the frequency and phase difference of alternating current stimulation (tACS) for two nodes (frontal and parietal regions) in individual participants. We carefully considered the challenges in an online optimization of tES parameters with concurrent fMRI, specifically in its safety, artifact in fMRI image quality, online evaluation of the tES effect, and parameter optimization method, and we designed the protocol to run an effective study to enhance frontoparietal connectivity and working memory performance with the optimized tACS using closed-loop tES-fMRI. We provide technical details of the protocol, including electrode types, electrolytes, electrode montages, concurrent tES-fMRI hardware, online fMRI processing pipelines, and the optimization algorithm. We confirmed the implementation of this protocol worked successfully with a pilot experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Mulyana
- Laureate Institute for Brain ResearchTulsaOklahomaUSA
- Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaTulsaOklahomaUSA
| | | | - Masaya Misaki
- Laureate Institute for Brain ResearchTulsaOklahomaUSA
| | | | - Jared Smith
- Laureate Institute for Brain ResearchTulsaOklahomaUSA
| | - Ghazaleh Soleimani
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction StudiesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Duke Shereen
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Til Ole Bergman
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC)University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzGermany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)MainzGermany
| | - Samuel Cheng
- Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaTulsaOklahomaUSA
| | | | - Jerzy Bodurka
- Laureate Institute for Brain ResearchTulsaOklahomaUSA
- Stephenson School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Laureate Institute for Brain ResearchTulsaOklahomaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
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Draaisma L, Wessel M, Moyne M, Morishita T, Hummel F. Targeting the frontoparietal network using bifocal transcranial alternating current stimulation during a motor sequence learning task in healthy older adults. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:968-979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Nasr K, Haslacher D, Dayan E, Censor N, Cohen LG, Soekadar SR. Breaking the boundaries of interacting with the human brain using adaptive closed-loop stimulation. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 216:102311. [PMID: 35750290 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The human brain is arguably one of the most complex systems in nature. To understand how it operates, it is essential to understand the link between neural activity and behavior. Experimental investigation of that link requires tools to interact with neural activity during behavior. Human neuroscience, however, has been severely bottlenecked by the limitations of these tools. While invasive methods can support highly specific interaction with brain activity during behavior, their applicability in human neuroscience is limited. Despite extensive development in the last decades, noninvasive alternatives have lacked spatial specificity and yielded results that are commonly fraught with variability and replicability issues, along with relatively limited understanding of the neural mechanisms involved. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in interacting with human brain activity and highlight current limitations and recent efforts to overcome these limitations. Beyond crucial technical and scientific advancements in electromagnetic brain stimulation, new frontiers in interacting with human brain activity such as task-irrelevant sensory stimulation and focal ultrasound stimulation are introduced. Finally, we argue that, along with technological improvements and breakthroughs in noninvasive methods, a paradigm shift towards adaptive closed-loop stimulation will be a critical step for advancing human neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Nasr
- Clinical Neurotechnology Laboratory & Center for Translational Neuromodulation, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte (CCM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Haslacher
- Clinical Neurotechnology Laboratory & Center for Translational Neuromodulation, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte (CCM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eran Dayan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nitzan Censor
- School of Psychological Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leonardo G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Surjo R Soekadar
- Clinical Neurotechnology Laboratory & Center for Translational Neuromodulation, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte (CCM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Olgiati E, Malhotra PA. Using non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation for neglect and associated attentional deficits following stroke. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2022; 32:732-763. [PMID: 32892712 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2020.1805335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Neglect is a disabling neuropsychological syndrome that is frequently observed following right-hemispheric stroke. Affected individuals often present with multiple attentional deficits, ranging from reduced orienting towards contralesional space to a generalized impairment in maintaining attention over time. Although a degree of spontaneous recovery occurs in most patients, in some individuals this condition can be treatment-resistant with prominent ongoing non-spatial deficits. Further, there is a large inter-individual variability in response to different therapeutic approaches. Given its potential to alter neuronal excitability and affect neuroplasticity, non-invasive brain stimulation is a promising tool that could potentially be utilized to facilitate recovery. However, there are many outstanding questions regarding its implementation in this heterogeneous patient group. Here we provide a critical overview of the available evidence on the use of non-invasive electrical brain stimulation, focussing on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), to improve neglect and associated attentional deficits after right-hemispheric stroke. At present, there is insufficient robust evidence supporting the clinical use of tDCS to alleviate symptoms of neglect. Future research would benefit from careful study design, enhanced precision of electrical montages, multi-modal approaches exploring predictors of response, tailored dose-control applications and increased efforts to evaluate standalone tDCS versus its incorporation into combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Olgiati
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Paresh A Malhotra
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Care Research & Technology Centre, Imperial College London and University of Surrey, London, UK
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Sadeghihassanabadi F, Misselhorn J, Gerloff C, Zittel-Dirks S. Optimizing the Montage for Cerebellar Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS): a Combined Computational and Experimental Study. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 35421852 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac676f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The application of cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is limited by the absence of commonly agreed montages and also the presence of unpleasant side effects. We aimed to find the most effective cerebellar tACS montage with minimum side effects (skin sensations and phosphenes). APPROACH We first simulated cerebellar tACS with five montages (return electrode on forehead, buccinator, jaw, and neck positions, additionally focal montage with high-definition ring electrodes) to compare induced cerebellar current, then stimulated healthy participants and evaluated side effects for different montages and varying stimulation frequencies. MAIN RESULTS The simulation revealed a descending order of current density in the cerebellum from forehead to buccinator, jaw, neck and ring montage respectively. Montages inducing higher current intensity in the eyeballs during the simulation resulted in stronger and broader phosphenes during tACS sessions. Strong co-stimulation of the brainstem was observed for the neck. Skin sensations did not differ between montages or frequencies. We propose the jaw montage as an optimal choice for maximizing cerebellar stimulation while minimizing unwanted side effects. SIGNIFICANCE These findings contribute to adopting a standard cerebellar tACS protocol. The combination of computational modelling and experimental data offers improved experimental control, safety, effectiveness, and reproducibility to all brain stimulation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghihassanabadi
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Head and Neurocenter, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, GERMANY
| | - Jonas Misselhorn
- Institut für Neurophysiologie und Pathophysiologie , Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, GERMANY
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, GERMANY
| | - Simone Zittel-Dirks
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Head and Neurocenter, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, GERMANY
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29
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Preisig BC, Hervais-Adelman A. The Predictive Value of Individual Electric Field Modeling for Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Induced Brain Modulation. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:818703. [PMID: 35273479 PMCID: PMC8901488 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.818703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable individual variability in the reported effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation. This variability has often been ascribed to differences in the neuroanatomy and resulting differences in the induced electric field inside the brain. In this study, we addressed the question whether individual differences in the induced electric field can predict the neurophysiological and behavioral consequences of gamma band tACS. In a within-subject experiment, bi-hemispheric gamma band tACS and sham stimulation was applied in alternating blocks to the participants' superior temporal lobe, while task-evoked auditory brain activity was measured with concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a dichotic listening task. Gamma tACS was applied with different interhemispheric phase lags. In a recent study, we could show that anti-phase tACS (180° interhemispheric phase lag), but not in-phase tACS (0° interhemispheric phase lag), selectively modulates interhemispheric brain connectivity. Using a T1 structural image of each participant's brain, an individual simulation of the induced electric field was computed. From these simulations, we derived two predictor variables: maximal strength (average of the 10,000 voxels with largest electric field values) and precision of the electric field (spatial correlation between the electric field and the task evoked brain activity during sham stimulation). We found considerable variability in the individual strength and precision of the electric fields. Importantly, the strength of the electric field over the right hemisphere predicted individual differences of tACS induced brain connectivity changes. Moreover, we found in both hemispheres a statistical trend for the effect of electric field strength on tACS induced BOLD signal changes. In contrast, the precision of the electric field did not predict any neurophysiological measure. Further, neither strength, nor precision predicted interhemispheric integration. In conclusion, we found evidence for the dose-response relationship between individual differences in electric fields and tACS induced activity and connectivity changes in concurrent fMRI. However, the fact that this relationship was stronger in the right hemisphere suggests that the relationship between the electric field parameters, neurophysiology, and behavior may be more complex for bi-hemispheric tACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil C. Preisig
- Department of Psychology, Neurolinguistics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Donders Institute for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Hervais-Adelman
- Department of Psychology, Neurolinguistics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Soleimani G, Kupliki R, Bodurka J, Paulus M, Ekhtiari H. How structural and functional MRI can inform dual-site tACS parameters: A case study in a clinical population and its pragmatic implications. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:337-351. [PMID: 35042056 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in frontoparietal network (FPN) were observed in many neuropsychiatric diseases including substance use disorders. A growing number of studies are using dual-site-tACS with frontoparietal synchronization to engage this network. However, a computational pathway to inform and optimize parameter space for frontoparietal synchronization is still lacking. In this case study, in a group of participants with methamphetamine use disorders, we proposed a computational pathway to extract optimal electrode montage while accounting for stimulation intensity using structural and functional MRI. METHODS Sixty methamphetamine users completed an fMRI drug cue-reactivity task. Four main steps were taken to define electrode montage and adjust stimulation intensity using 4x1 high-definition (HD) electrodes for a dual-site-tACS; (1) Frontal seed was defined based on the maximum electric fields (EF) predicted by simulation of HD montage over DLPFC (F3/F4 in EEG 10-20), (2) frontal seed-to-whole brain context-dependent correlation was calculated to determine connected regions to frontal seeds, (3) center of connected cluster in parietal cortex was selected as a location for placing the second set of HD electrodes to shape the informed montage, (4) individualized head models were used to determine optimal stimulation intensity considering underlying brain structure. The informed montage was compared to montages with large electrodes and classic frontoparietal HD montages (F3-P3/F4-P4) in terms of tACS-induced EF and ROI-to-ROI task-based/resting-state connectivity. RESULTS Compared to the large electrodes, HD frontoparietal montages allow for a finer control of the spatial peak fields in the main nodes of the FPN at the cost of lower maximum EF (large-pad/HD: max EF[V/m] = 0.37/0.11, number of cortical sub-regions that EF exceeds 50% of the max = 77/13). For defining stimulation targets based on EF patterns, using group-level head models compared to a single standard head model results in comparable but significantly different seed locations (6.43mm Euclidean distance between the locations of the frontal maximum EF in standard-space). As expected, significant task-based/resting-state connections were only found between frontal-parietal locations in the informed montage. Cue-induced craving score was correlated with frontoparietal connectivity only in the informed montage (r = -0.24). Stimulation intensity in the informed montage, and not in the classic HD montage, needs 40% reduction in the parietal site to reduce the disparity in EF between sites. CONCLUSION This study provides some empirical insights to montage and dose selection in dual-site-tACS using individual brain structures and functions and proposes a computational pathway to use head models and functional MRI to define (1) optimum electrode montage for targeting FPN in a context of interest (drug-cue-reactivity) and (2) proper transcranial stimulation intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Soleimani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rayus Kupliki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Jerzy Bodurka
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Martin Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.
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Booth SJ, Taylor JR, Brown LJE, Pobric G. The effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on memory performance in healthy adults: A systematic review. Cortex 2021; 147:112-139. [PMID: 35032750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent introduction of Transcranial Alternating Current stimulation (tACS) in research on memory modulation has yielded some exciting findings. Whilst evidence suggests small but significant modulatory effects of tACS on perception and cognition, it is unclear how effective tACS is at modulating memory, and the neural oscillations underlying memory. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy with which tACS, compared to sham stimulation, can modify working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM) performance in healthy adults. We examined how these effects may be moderated by specific tACS parameters and study/participant characteristics. Our secondary goal was to investigate the neural correlates of tACS' effects on memory performance in healthy adults. A systematic search of eight databases yielded 11,413 records, resulting in 34 papers that included 104 eligible studies. The results were synthesised by memory type (WM/LTM) and according to the specific parameters of frequency band, stimulation montage, individual variability, cognitive demand, and phase. A second synthesis examined the correspondence between tACS' effects on memory performance and the oscillatory features of electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetencephalography (MEG) recordings in a subset of 26 studies. The results showed a small-to-medium effect of tACS on WM and LTM performance overall. There was strong evidence to suggest that posterior theta-tACS modulates WM performance, whilst the modulation of LTM is achieved by anterior gamma-tACS. Moreover, there was a correspondence between tACS effects on memory performance and oscillatory outcomes at the stimulation frequency. We discuss limitations in the field and suggest ways to improve our understanding of tACS efficacy to ensure a transition of tACS from an investigative method to a therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Booth
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, England, UK.
| | - Jason R Taylor
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, England, UK.
| | - Laura J E Brown
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, England, UK.
| | - Gorana Pobric
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, England, UK.
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32
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Biel AL, Sterner E, Röll L, Sauseng P. Modulating verbal working memory with fronto-parietal transcranial electric stimulation at theta frequency: Does it work? Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:405-425. [PMID: 34902182 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oscillatory theta activity in a fronto-parietal network has been associated with working memory (WM) processes and may be directly related to WM performance. In their seminal study, Polanía et al. (2012) (de-)coupled a fronto-parietal theta-network by applying transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and showed that anti-phase tACS led to slower and in-phase tACS to faster response times in a verbal WM task compared to placebo stimulation. In the literature, this 'synchronization-desynchronization' effect has only been partly replicated, and electric field modelling suggests that it might not be the fronto-parietal network that is primarily stimulated during in-phase tACS with a shared return electrode. This provides one possible reason for inconsistency in the literature. In this study, we aimed to reproduce the findings reported by Polanía et al. (2012). We also aimed to investigate whether in-phase theta tACS with multiple close-by return electrodes for focal stimulation of the frontal and the parietal cortex will have at least as much of a facilitatory effect as the in-phase stimulation as indicated by Polania et al. (2012). In a single-trial distributional analysis, we explored whether mean, variation and right-skewness of the response time distribution are affected. Against our hypothesis, we found no 'synchronization-desynchronization' effect by fronto-parietal theta tACS on response times using the same delayed letter discrimination task and stimulation parameters in two experiments, both between-subjects and within-subjects. However, we could show that in a more demanding 3-back task, fronto-parietal in-phase and in-phase focal theta tACS substantially improved task performance compared to placebo stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Biel
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sterner
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Röll
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Sauseng
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
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33
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Fehér KD, Nakataki M, Morishima Y. Phase-Synchronized Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation-Induced Neural Oscillations Modulate Cortico-Cortical Signaling Efficacy. Brain Connect 2021; 12:443-453. [PMID: 34210152 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2021.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Synchronized oscillatory brain activity is considered a basis for flexible neuronal network communication. However, the causal role of inter-regional oscillatory phase relations in modulating signaling efficacy in cortical networks has not been directly demonstrated in humans so far. Aim: The current study addresses the causal role of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)-induced oscillatory cross-network phase relations in modulating signaling efficacy across human cortical networks. Methods: To this end, concurrent tACS, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and electroencephalography (EEG) were employed to measure the modulation of excitability and signaling efficacy across cortical networks during externally induced neural oscillations. Theta oscillatory activity was introduced through tACS in two nodes of the human frontoparietal network: the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Six Hertz tACS was applied to the DLPFC and PPC simultaneously in an in-phase or antiphase manner. In addition, single-pulse TMS was administered over the DLPFC at four different phases of tACS and the propagation of TMS-evoked neuronal activity was measured with EEG. Results: We show that tACS-induced theta oscillations modulate TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) in a phase-dependent manner, and that the induced oscillatory phase relation across the frontoparietal network affects the propagation of phase-dependent TEPs within as well as beyond the frontoparietal network. Conclusion: We show that the effect of tACS-induced phase relation across the frontoparietal network on signal transmission extends beyond the frontoparietal network. The results support a causal role of inter-nodal oscillatory phase synchrony in routing cortico-cortical information flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer D Fehér
- Division of Systems Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Translational Research Centre, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Masahito Nakataki
- Division of Systems Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Translational Research Centre, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yosuke Morishima
- Division of Systems Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Translational Research Centre, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
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34
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Takeuchi N, Izumi SI. Motor Learning Based on Oscillatory Brain Activity Using Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation: A Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1095. [PMID: 34439714 PMCID: PMC8392205 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing effective tools and strategies to promote motor learning is a high-priority scientific and clinical goal. In particular, motor-related areas have been investigated as potential targets to facilitate motor learning by noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS). In addition to shedding light on the relationship between motor function and oscillatory brain activity, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), which can noninvasively entrain oscillatory brain activity and modulate oscillatory brain communication, has attracted attention as a possible technique to promote motor learning. This review focuses on the use of tACS to enhance motor learning through the manipulation of oscillatory brain activity and its potential clinical applications. We discuss a potential tACS-based approach to ameliorate motor deficits by correcting abnormal oscillatory brain activity and promoting appropriate oscillatory communication in patients after stroke or with Parkinson's disease. Interpersonal tACS approaches to manipulate intra- and inter-brain communication may result in pro-social effects and could promote the teaching-learning process during rehabilitation sessions with a therapist. The approach of re-establishing oscillatory brain communication through tACS could be effective for motor recovery and might eventually drive the design of new neurorehabilitation approaches based on motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences 1-1-1, Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Izumi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
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35
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Simulation-Based Clarification of Appropriate Factors for Presenting Phosphene in Two Directions Avoiding Electrical Interference. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8080111. [PMID: 34436114 PMCID: PMC8389286 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8080111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Walking support systems are essential for blind people. In this study, the presentation of phosphene position is focused on as a method to detect obstacles for blind people. When the phosphene is used in a walking support system, it is necessary to accurately present the phosphene in at least three directions of the visual field. Controlling the presentation of phosphene position has been reported in several previous studies. However, methodologies to present phosphene in multiple directions without any electric interference have not as yet been investigated. In this study, therefore, appropriate stimulation factors are clarified by the simulation of electric field on the eyeball surface which is strongly related to the presentation of phosphene position in the visual field. As a result of the simulation, it was revealed that the distance of each electrode does not give a significant effect to the eyeball surface. However, the phase of alternating current significantly changed the electric field on the eyeball surface. From investigation of the simulation results, it was clarified that the transition of the electric field on the eyeball surface can be controlled using anti-phase stimulation. In addition, the methodology to present the phosphene at least in two directions was verified.
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36
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Thompson L, Khuc J, Saccani MS, Zokaei N, Cappelletti M. Gamma oscillations modulate working memory recall precision. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:2711-2724. [PMID: 34223958 PMCID: PMC8448714 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Working memory (WM)—the ability to keep information in mind for short periods of time—is linked to attention and inhibitory abilities, i.e., the capacity to ignore task-irrelevant information. These abilities have been associated with brain oscillations, especially parietal gamma and alpha bands, but it is yet unknown whether these oscillations also modulate attention and inhibitory abilities. To test this, we compared parietal gamma-transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to alpha-tACS and to a non-stimulation condition (Sham) in 51 young participants. Stimulation was coupled with a WM task probing memory-based attention and inhibitory abilities by means of probabilistic retrospective cues, including informative (valid), uninformative (invalid) and neutral. Our results show that relative to alpha and sham stimulation, parietal gamma-tACS significantly increased working memory recall precision. Additional post hoc analyses also revealed strong individual variability before and following stimulation; low-baseline performers showed no significant changes in performance following both gamma and alpha-tACS relative to sham. In contrast, in high-baseline performers gamma- (but not alpha) tACS selectively and significantly improved misbinding-feature errors as well as memory precision, particularly in uninformative (invalid) cues which rely more strongly on attentional abilities. We concluded that parietal gamma oscillations, therefore, modulate working memory recall processes, although baseline performance may further influence the effect of stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyall Thompson
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, Lewisham Way, London, SE14 6NW, UK
| | - Janine Khuc
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, Lewisham Way, London, SE14 6NW, UK
| | - Maria Silvia Saccani
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, Lewisham Way, London, SE14 6NW, UK
| | - Nahid Zokaei
- Department of Experimental Psychology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Marinella Cappelletti
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, Lewisham Way, London, SE14 6NW, UK. .,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK.
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37
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Salamanca-Giron RF, Raffin E, Zandvliet SB, Seeber M, Michel CM, Sauseng P, Huxlin KR, Hummel FC. Enhancing visual motion discrimination by desynchronizing bifocal oscillatory activity. Neuroimage 2021; 240:118299. [PMID: 34171500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual motion discrimination involves reciprocal interactions in the alpha band between the primary visual cortex (V1) and mediotemporal areas (V5/MT). We investigated whether modulating alpha phase synchronization using individualized multisite transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over V5 and V1 regions would improve motion discrimination. We tested 3 groups of healthy subjects with the following conditions: (1) individualized In-Phase V1alpha-V5alpha tACS (0° lag), (2) individualized Anti-Phase V1alpha-V5alpha tACS (180° lag) and (3) sham tACS. Motion discrimination and EEG activity were recorded before, during and after tACS. Performance significantly improved in the Anti-Phase group compared to the In-Phase group 10 and 30 min after stimulation. This result was explained by decreases in bottom-up alpha-V1 gamma-V5 phase-amplitude coupling. One possible explanation of these results is that Anti-Phase V1alpha-V5alpha tACS might impose an optimal phase lag between stimulation sites due to the inherent speed of wave propagation, hereby supporting optimized neuronal communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto F Salamanca-Giron
- Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech, Room H4.3.132.084, Chemin des Mines 9, Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Clinique Romande de Readaptation (CRR), EPFL Valais, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Estelle Raffin
- Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech, Room H4.3.132.084, Chemin des Mines 9, Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Clinique Romande de Readaptation (CRR), EPFL Valais, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Sarah B Zandvliet
- Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech, Room H4.3.132.084, Chemin des Mines 9, Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Clinique Romande de Readaptation (CRR), EPFL Valais, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Martin Seeber
- Functional Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, Chemin des Mines 9, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland; Lemanic Biomedical Imaging Centre (CIBM), Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Sauseng
- Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Leopoldstr. 13, Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Krystel R Huxlin
- The Flaum Eye Institute and Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Friedhelm C Hummel
- Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech, Room H4.3.132.084, Chemin des Mines 9, Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair in Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Clinique Romande de Readaptation (CRR), EPFL Valais, Sion, Switzerland; Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.
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38
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Wu L, Liu T, Wang J. Improving the Effect of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS): A Systematic Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:652393. [PMID: 34163340 PMCID: PMC8215166 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.652393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of electrical stimulation technology, traditional transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) technology has been found to have the drawback of not targeting a specific area accurately. Studies have shown that optimizing the number and position of electrodes during electrical stimulation has a very good effect on enhancing brain stimulation accuracy. At present, an increasing number of laboratories have begun to optimize tACS. However, there has been no study summarizing the optimization methods of tACS. Determining whether different optimization methods are effective and the optimization approach could provide information that could guide future tACS research. We describe the results of recent research on tACS optimization and integrate the optimization approaches of tACS in recent research. Optimization approaches can be classified into two groups: high-definition electrical stimulation and interference modulation electrical stimulation. The optimization methods can be divided into five categories: high-definition tACS, phase-shifted tACS, amplitude-modulated tACS, the temporally interfering (TI) method, and the intersectional short pulse (ISP) method. Finally, we summarize the latest research on hardware useful for tACS improvement and outline future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neuro-informatics & Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neuro-informatics & Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Xi'an, China
| | - Jue Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neuro-informatics & Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Xi'an, China
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39
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Shinde AB, Lerud KD, Munsch F, Alsop DC, Schlaug G. Effects of tDCS dose and electrode montage on regional cerebral blood flow and motor behavior. Neuroimage 2021; 237:118144. [PMID: 33991697 PMCID: PMC8653867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We used three dose levels (Sham, 2 mA, and 4 mA) and two different electrode montages (unihemispheric and bihemispheric) to examine DOSE and MONTAGE effects on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as a surrogate marker of neural activity, and on a finger sequence task, as a surrogate behavioral measure drawing on brain regions targeted by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). We placed the anodal electrode over the right motor region (C4) while the cathodal or return electrode was placed either over a left supraorbital region (unihemispheric montage) or over the left motor region (C3 in the bihemispheric montage). Performance changes in the finger sequence task for both hands (left hand: p = 0.0026, and right hand: p = 0.0002) showed a linear tDCS dose response but no montage effect. rCBF in the right hemispheric perirolandic area increased with dose under the anodal electrode (p = 0.027). In contrast, in the perirolandic ROI in the left hemisphere, rCBF showed a trend to increase with dose (p = 0.053) and a significant effect of montage (p = 0.00004). The bihemispheric montage showed additional rCBF increases in frontomesial regions in the 4mA condition but not in the 2 mA condition. Furthermore, we found strong correlations between simulated current density in the left and right perirolandic region and improvements in the finger sequence task performance (FSP) for the contralateral hand. Our data support not only a strong direct tDCS dose effect for rCBF and FSP as surrogate measures of targeted brain regions but also indirect effects on rCBF in functionally connected regions (e.g., frontomesial regions), particularly in the higher dose condition and on FSP of the ipsilateral hand (to the anodal electrode). At a higher dose and irrespective of polarity, a wider network of sensorimotor regions is positively affected by tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant B Shinde
- Department of Neurology, Baystate Medical Center - UMass Medical School, Springfield, MA 01107, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Applied Life Sciences, UMass Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Karl D Lerud
- Department of Neurology, Baystate Medical Center - UMass Medical School, Springfield, MA 01107, USA
| | - Fanny Munsch
- Department of Radiology, MRI Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David C Alsop
- Department of Radiology, MRI Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gottfried Schlaug
- Department of Neurology, Baystate Medical Center - UMass Medical School, Springfield, MA 01107, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Applied Life Sciences, UMass Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02215, USA
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40
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Preisig BC, Riecke L, Sjerps MJ, Kösem A, Kop BR, Bramson B, Hagoort P, Hervais-Adelman A. Selective modulation of interhemispheric connectivity by transcranial alternating current stimulation influences binaural integration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2015488118. [PMID: 33568530 PMCID: PMC7896308 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015488118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain connectivity plays a major role in the encoding, transfer, and integration of sensory information. Interregional synchronization of neural oscillations in the γ-frequency band has been suggested as a key mechanism underlying perceptual integration. In a recent study, we found evidence for this hypothesis showing that the modulation of interhemispheric oscillatory synchrony by means of bihemispheric high-density transcranial alternating current stimulation (HD-TACS) affects binaural integration of dichotic acoustic features. Here, we aimed to establish a direct link between oscillatory synchrony, effective brain connectivity, and binaural integration. We experimentally manipulated oscillatory synchrony (using bihemispheric γ-TACS with different interhemispheric phase lags) and assessed the effect on effective brain connectivity and binaural integration (as measured with functional MRI and a dichotic listening task, respectively). We found that TACS reduced intrahemispheric connectivity within the auditory cortices and antiphase (interhemispheric phase lag 180°) TACS modulated connectivity between the two auditory cortices. Importantly, the changes in intra- and interhemispheric connectivity induced by TACS were correlated with changes in perceptual integration. Our results indicate that γ-band synchronization between the two auditory cortices plays a functional role in binaural integration, supporting the proposed role of interregional oscillatory synchrony in perceptual integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil C Preisig
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Neurolinguistics, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars Riecke
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 GT Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias J Sjerps
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Kösem
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Cognition Computation and Neurophysiology Team, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Benjamin R Kop
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Bramson
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Hagoort
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexis Hervais-Adelman
- Department of Psychology, Neurolinguistics, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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41
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Oscillatory entrainment of neural activity between inferior frontoparietal cortices alters imitation performance. Neuropsychologia 2020; 150:107702. [PMID: 33276036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The frontoparietal mirror network is activated when an individual performs a goal-directed action and observes another person's intentional action. It has been speculated that the distinct frontal and parietal regions might work together to participate in the imitation process, which translates an observed movement into an identical action. We aimed to determine the relationship between the frontoparietal mirror network and imitation by applying transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to exogenously modulate oscillatory neural activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior parietal lobule. In total, 45 young adults participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to the three tACS groups (synchronous, desynchronous, and sham; 55 Hz enveloped by 6 Hz). Before and during tACS, the participants performed the gesture matching task and the gesture imitation task. Application of synchronous tACS over the left frontoparietal cortices significantly improved the performance of gesture matching and the meaningless gesture imitation relative to the baseline performance. Desynchronous tACS deteriorated the gesture matching performance relative to the baseline results. The oscillatory entrainment of neural activity between components of the frontoparietal mirror network is considered to alter imitation performance by modulating neural information relating to the goals of actions in the frontal cortex and the means of observed actions in the parietal cortex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reveals that the rhythmic communication between components of the frontoparietal mirror network has a functional role in imitation.
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42
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Bramson B, den Ouden HEM, Toni I, Roelofs K. Improving emotional-action control by targeting long-range phase-amplitude neuronal coupling. eLife 2020; 9:e59600. [PMID: 33106222 PMCID: PMC7591252 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over emotional action tendencies is essential for everyday interactions. This cognitive function fails occasionally during socially challenging situations, and systematically in social psychopathologies. We delivered dual-site phase-coupled brain stimulation to facilitate theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling between frontal regions known to implement that form of control, while neuropsychologically healthy human male participants were challenged to control their automatic action tendencies in a social-emotional approach/avoidance-task. Participants had increased control over their emotional action tendencies, depending on the relative phase and dose of the intervention. Concurrently measured fMRI effects of task and stimulation indicated that the intervention improved control by increasing the efficacy of anterior prefrontal inhibition over the sensorimotor cortex. This enhancement of emotional action control provides causal evidence for phase-amplitude coupling mechanisms guiding action selection during emotional-action control. Generally, the finding illustrates the potential of physiologically-grounded interventions aimed at reducing neural noise in cerebral circuits where communication relies on phase-amplitude coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Bramson
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Hanneke EM den Ouden
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Ivan Toni
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Karin Roelofs
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
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43
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van der Plas M, Wang D, Brittain JS, Hanslmayr S. Investigating the role of phase-synchrony during encoding of episodic memories using electrical stimulation. Cortex 2020; 133:37-47. [PMID: 33099074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The multi-sensory nature of episodic memories indicates that communication between a multitude of brain areas is required for their effective creation and recollection. Previous studies have suggested that the effectiveness of memory processes depends on theta synchronization (4 Hz) of sensory areas relevant to the memory. This study aimed to manipulate theta synchronization between different sensory areas in order to further test this hypothesis. We intend to entrain visual cortex with 4 Hz alternating current stimulation (tACS), while simultaneously entraining auditory cortex with 4 Hz amplitude-modulated sounds. By entraining these different sensory areas, which pertain to learned audio-visual memory associations, we expect to find that when theta is synchronized across the different sensory areas, the memory performance would be enhanced compared to when theta is not synchronized across the sensory areas. We found no evidence for such an effect in this study. It is unclear whether this is due to an inability of 4 Hz tACS to entrain the visual cortex reliably, or whether sensory entrainment is not the underlying mechanism required for episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea van der Plas
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Danying Wang
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John-Stuart Brittain
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Hanslmayr
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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44
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Abstract
Impaired cognition is common in many neuropsychiatric disorders and severely compromises quality of life. Synchronous electrophysiological rhythms represent a core mechanism for sculpting communication dynamics among large-scale brain networks that underpin cognition and its breakdown in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we review an emerging neuromodulation technology called transcranial alternating current stimulation that has shown remarkable early results in rapidly improving various domains of human cognition by modulating properties of rhythmic network synchronization. Future noninvasive neuromodulation research holds promise for potentially rescuing network activity patterns and improving cognition, setting groundwork for the development of drug-free, circuit-based therapeutics for people with cognitive brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrey Grover
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; , ,
| | - John A Nguyen
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; , ,
| | - Robert M G Reinhart
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; , , .,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,Cognitive Neuroimaging Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,Center for Research in Sensory Communication & Emerging Neural Technology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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45
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Madrid J, Benninger DH. Non-invasive brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: Clinical evidence, latest concepts and future goals: A systematic review. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 347:108957. [PMID: 33017643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is becoming a major public-health issue in an aging population. Available approaches to treat advanced PD still have limitations; new therapies are needed. The non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) may offer a complementary approach to treat advanced PD by personalized stimulation. Although NIBS is not as effective as the gold-standard levodopa, recent randomized controlled trials show promising outcomes in the treatment of PD symptoms. Nevertheless, only a few NIBS-stimulation paradigms have shown to improve PD's symptoms. Current clinical recommendations based on the level of evidence are reported in Table 1 through Table 3. Furthermore, novel technological advances hold promise and may soon enable the non-invasive stimulation of deeper brain structures for longer periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Madrid
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - David H Benninger
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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46
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Individually customized transcranial temporal interference stimulation for focused modulation of deep brain structures: a simulation study with different head models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11730. [PMID: 32678264 PMCID: PMC7366675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal interference (TI) stimulation was recently proposed that allows for the stimulation of deep brain structures with neocortical regions being minimally stimulated. For human brain modulation, TI current patterns are known to be considerably affected by the complex structures of the human head, and thus, it is hard to deliver TI current to a specific deep brain region. In this study, we optimized scalp electrode configurations and injection currents that can deliver maximum TI stimulation currents to a specific deep brain region, the head of the right hippocampus in this study, considering the real anatomical head structures of each individual. Three realistic finite element (FE) head models were employed for the optimization of TI stimulation. To generate TI current patterns, two pairs of scalp electrodes were selected, which carry two sinusoidally alternating currents with a small frequency difference. For every possible combination of electrode pairs, optimal injection currents delivering the maximal TI currents to the head of the right hippocampus were determined. The distribution of the optimized TI currents was then compared with that of the unoptimized TI currents and the conventional single frequency alternating current stimulation. Optimization of TI stimulation parameters allows for the delivery of the desired amount of TI current to the target region while effectively reducing the TI currents delivered to cortical regions compared to the other stimulation approaches. Inconsistency of the optimal stimulation conditions suggest that customized stimulation, considering the individual anatomical differences, is necessary for more effective transcranial TI stimulation. Customized transcranial TI stimulation based on the numerical field analysis is expected to enhance the overall effectiveness of noninvasive stimulation of the human deep brain structures.
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47
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Tan J, Wansbrough K, Williams AG, Nitsche MA, Vallence AM, Fujiyama H. The importance of model-driven approaches to set stimulation intensity for multi-channel transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). Brain Stimul 2020; 13:1002-1004. [PMID: 32380443 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Tan
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Kym Wansbrough
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Alexandra G Williams
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ann-Maree Vallence
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Hakuei Fujiyama
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
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48
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Raffin E, Salamanca-Giron RF, Hummel FC. Perspectives: Hemianopia-Toward Novel Treatment Options Based on Oscillatory Activity? Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2019; 34:13-25. [PMID: 31858874 DOI: 10.1177/1545968319893286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stroke has become one of the main causes of visual impairment, with more than 15 million incidences of first-time strokes, per year, worldwide. One-third of stroke survivors exhibit visual impairment, and most of them will not fully recover. Some recovery is possible, but this usually happens in the first few weeks after a stroke. Most of the rehabilitation options that are offered to patients are compensatory, such as optical aids or eye training. However, these techniques do not seem to provide a sufficient amount of improvement transferable to everyday life. Based on the relatively recent idea that the visual system can actually recover from a chronic lesion, visual retraining protocols have emerged, sometimes even in combination with noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), to further boost plastic changes in the residual visual tracts and network. The present article reviews the underlying mechanisms supporting visual retraining and describes the first clinical trials that applied NIBS combined with visual retraining. As a further perspective, it gathers the scientific evidence demonstrating the relevance of interregional functional synchronization of brain networks for visual field recovery, especially the causal role of α and γ oscillations in parieto-occipital regions. Because transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can induce frequency-specific entrainment and modulate spike timing-dependent plasticity, we present a new promising interventional approach, consisting of applying physiologically motivated tACS protocols based on multifocal cross-frequency brain stimulation of the visuoattentional network for visual field recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Raffin
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland.,Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | | | - Friedhelm Christoph Hummel
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland.,Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland.,University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
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49
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Neural theta oscillations support semantic memory retrieval. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17667. [PMID: 31776375 PMCID: PMC6881370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Lexical-semantic retrieval emerges through the interactions of distributed prefrontal and perisylvian brain networks. Growing evidence suggests that synchronous theta band neural oscillations might play a role in this process, yet, their functional significance remains elusive. Here, we used transcranial alternating current stimulation to induce exogenous theta oscillations at 6 Hz (θ-tACS) over left prefrontal and posterior perisylvian cortex with a 180° (anti-phase) and 0° (in-phase) relative phase difference while participants performed automatic and controlled retrieval tasks. We demonstrate that θ-tACS significantly modulated the retrieval performance and its effects were both task- and phase-specific: the in-phase tACS impaired controlled retrieval, whereas the anti-phase tACS improved controlled but impaired automatic retrieval. These findings indicate that theta band oscillatory brain activity supports binding of semantically related representations via a phase-dependent modulation of semantic activation or maintenance.
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50
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Preisig BC, Sjerps MJ, Hervais-Adelman A, Kösem A, Hagoort P, Riecke L. Bilateral Gamma/Delta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Affects Interhemispheric Speech Sound Integration. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 32:1242-1250. [PMID: 31682569 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Perceiving speech requires the integration of different speech cues, that is, formants. When the speech signal is split so that different cues are presented to the right and left ear (dichotic listening), comprehension requires the integration of binaural information. Based on prior electrophysiological evidence, we hypothesized that the integration of dichotically presented speech cues is enabled by interhemispheric phase synchronization between primary and secondary auditory cortex in the gamma frequency band. We tested this hypothesis by applying transcranial alternating current stimulation (TACS) bilaterally above the superior temporal lobe to induce or disrupt interhemispheric gamma-phase coupling. In contrast to initial predictions, we found that gamma TACS applied in-phase above the two hemispheres (interhemispheric lag 0°) perturbs interhemispheric integration of speech cues, possibly because the applied stimulation perturbs an inherent phase lag between the left and right auditory cortex. We also observed this disruptive effect when applying antiphasic delta TACS (interhemispheric lag 180°). We conclude that interhemispheric phase coupling plays a functional role in interhemispheric speech integration. The direction of this effect may depend on the stimulation frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil C Preisig
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,University of Zurich
| | - Matthias J Sjerps
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Kösem
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Lyon, France
| | - Peter Hagoort
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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