1
|
Yang KC, Yang BH, Liu MN, Liou YJ, Chou YH. Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is associated with prefrontal-striatal functional hypoconnectivity and striatal dopaminergic abnormalities. J Psychopharmacol 2024; 38:515-525. [PMID: 38853592 DOI: 10.1177/02698811241257877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is imperative, as it causes poor functional outcomes and a lack of effective treatments. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the relationships of two proposed main pathophysiology of schizophrenia, altered prefrontal-striatal connectivity and the dopamine system, with cognitive impairment and their interactions. METHODS Thirty-three patients with schizophrenia and 27 healthy controls (HCs) who are right-handed and matched for age and sex were recruited. We evaluated their cognition, functional connectivity (FC) between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)/middle frontal gyrus (MiFG) and striatum, and the availability of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) using a cognitive battery investigating attention, memory, and executive function, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging with group independent component analysis and single-photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc-TRODAT. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia exhibited poorer cognitive performance, reduced FC between DLPFC/MiFG and the caudate nucleus (CN) or putamen, decreased DAT availability in the left CN, and decreased right-left DAT asymmetry in the CN compared to HCs. In patients with schizophrenia, altered imaging markers are associated with cognitive impairments, especially the relationship between DLPFC/MiFG-putamen FC and attention and between DAT asymmetry in the CN and executive function. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate how prefrontal-striatal hypoconnectivity and altered striatal DAT markers are associated with different domains of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. More research is needed to evaluate their complex relationships and potential therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Hung Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-N Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jay Liou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hwa Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- The Human Brain Research Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu J, Xu X, Zhang S, Li M, Qiu Y, Lu G, Zheng Z, Huang H. Plastic Events of the Vestibular Nucleus: the Initiation of Central Vestibular Compensation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04208-2. [PMID: 38689145 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Vestibular compensation is a physiological response of the vestibular organs within the inner ear. This adaptation manifests during consistent exposure to acceleration or deceleration, with the vestibular organs incrementally adjusting to such changes. The molecular underpinnings of vestibular compensation remain to be fully elucidated, yet emerging studies implicate associations with neuroplasticity and signal transduction pathways. Throughout the compensation process, the vestibular sensory neurons maintain signal transmission to the central equilibrium system, facilitating adaptability through alterations in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Notable molecular candidates implicated in this process include variations in ion channels and neurotransmitter profiles, as well as neuronal and synaptic plasticity, metabolic processes, and electrophysiological modifications. This study consolidates the current understanding of the molecular events in vestibular compensation, augments the existing research landscape, and evaluates contemporary therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, this review posits potential avenues for future research that could enhance our comprehension of vestibular compensation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Minping Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuemin Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Gengxin Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhihui Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haiwei Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Electrical stimulation of the peripheral and central vestibular system using noninvasive (galvanic vestibular stimulation, GVS) or invasive (intracranial electrical brain stimulation, iEBS) approaches have a long history of use in studying self-motion perception and balance control. The aim of this review is to summarize recent electrophysiological studies of the effects of GVS, and functional mapping of the central vestibular system using iEBS in awake patients. RECENT FINDINGS The use of GVS has become increasingly common in the assessment and treatment of a wide range of clinical disorders including vestibulopathy and Parkinson's disease. The results of recent single unit recording studies have provided new insight into the neural mechanisms underlying GVS-evoked improvements in perceptual and motor responses. Furthermore, the application of iEBS in patients with epilepsy or during awake brain surgery has provided causal evidence of vestibular information processing in mostly the middle cingulate cortex, posterior insula, inferior parietal lobule, amygdala, precuneus, and superior temporal gyrus. SUMMARY Recent studies have established that GVS evokes robust and parallel activation of both canal and otolith afferents that is significantly different from that evoked by natural head motion stimulation. Furthermore, there is evidence that GVS can induce beneficial neural plasticity in the central pathways of patients with vestibular loss. In addition, iEBS studies highlighted an underestimated contribution of areas in the medial part of the cerebral hemispheres to the cortical vestibular network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lopez
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience (LNC), FR3C, Marseille, France
| | - Kathleen E. Cullen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21205 MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smith LJ, Wilkinson D, Bodani M, Surenthiran SS. Cognition in vestibular disorders: state of the field, challenges, and priorities for the future. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1159174. [PMID: 38304077 PMCID: PMC10830645 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1159174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Vestibular disorders are prevalent and debilitating conditions of the inner ear and brain which affect balance, coordination, and the integration of multisensory inputs. A growing body of research has linked vestibular disorders to cognitive problems, most notably attention, visuospatial perception, spatial memory, and executive function. However, the mechanistic bases of these cognitive sequelae remain poorly defined, and there is a gap between our theoretical understanding of vestibular cognitive dysfunction, and how best to identify and manage this within clinical practice. This article takes stock of these shortcomings and provides recommendations and priorities for healthcare professionals who assess and treat vestibular disorders, and for researchers developing cognitive models and rehabilitation interventions. We highlight the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration for developing and evaluating clinically relevant theoretical models of vestibular cognition, to advance research and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Smith
- Centre for Preventative Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - David Wilkinson
- School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Mayur Bodani
- School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arvaniti CK, Brotis AG, Paschalis T, Kapsalaki EZ, Fountas KN. Localization of Vestibular Cortex Using Electrical Cortical Stimulation: A Systematic Literature Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:75. [PMID: 38248290 PMCID: PMC10813901 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The vestibular system plays a fundamental role in body orientation, posture control, and spatial and body motion perception, as well as in gaze and eye movements. We aimed to review the current knowledge regarding the location of the cortical and subcortical areas, implicated in the processing of vestibular stimuli. The search was performed in PubMed and Scopus. We focused on studies reporting on vestibular manifestations after electrical cortical stimulation. A total of 16 studies were finally included. Two main types of vestibular responses were elicited, including vertigo and perception of body movement. The latter could be either rotatory or translational. Electrical stimulation of the temporal structures elicited mainly vertigo, while stimulation of the parietal lobe was associated with perceptions of body movement. Stimulation of the occipital lobe produced vertigo with visual manifestations. There was evidence that the vestibular responses became more robust with increasing current intensity. Low-frequency stimulation proved to be more effective than high-frequency in eliciting vestibular responses. Numerous non-vestibular responses were recorded after stimulation of the vestibular cortex, including somatosensory, viscero-sensory, and emotional manifestations. Newer imaging modalities such as functional MRI (fMRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), SPECT, and near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) can provide useful information regarding localization of the vestibular cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina K. Arvaniti
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (C.K.A.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Alexandros G. Brotis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (C.K.A.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Thanasis Paschalis
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cambridge University Hospital, Cambridge CB4 1GN, UK;
| | - Eftychia Z. Kapsalaki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larisa, Greece;
- Advanced Diagnostic Institute Euromedica-Encephalos, 15233 Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas N. Fountas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (C.K.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Božanić Urbančič N, Battelino S, Vozel D. Appropriate Vestibular Stimulation in Children and Adolescents-A Prerequisite for Normal Cognitive, Motor Development and Bodily Homeostasis-A Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 11:2. [PMID: 38275423 PMCID: PMC10814320 DOI: 10.3390/children11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The structural development of the vestibular part of the inner ear is completed by birth but its central connections continue to develop until adolescence. Their development is dependent on vestibular stimulation-vestibular experience. Studies have shown that vestibular function, modulated by experience and epigenetic factors, is not solely an instrument for body position regulation, navigation, and stabilization of the head and images but also influences cognition, emotion, the autonomous nervous system and hormones. To emphasize the importance of appropriate vestibular stimulation, we present a literature review of its effect on bodily homeostasis, cognition and emotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Božanić Urbančič
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.B.U.); (S.B.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saba Battelino
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.B.U.); (S.B.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Vozel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.B.U.); (S.B.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Miwa K, Inoue Y. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ameliorates symptoms in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome). IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:335-341. [PMID: 38025661 PMCID: PMC10661112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Central nervous system dysfunction has been postulated to cause debilitating symptoms in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) (originally called "chronic fatigue syndrome"). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a newly developed neuromodulatory procedure and has been suggested to facilitate the cortical neural activity. Methods This study enrolled 30 patients with ME (7 men and 23 women) with a mean age of 39 ± 12 years, who received rTMS treatment of both the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the left primary motor area in the brain. The performance status score (0-9) for restricting activities of daily living, orthostatic intolerance (OI) during a 10-min standing test, neurologic disequilibrium diagnosed as unstable standing with their feet together and eyes closed, neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia, and muscle weakness were compared before and after treatment. Results After therapy, favorable effects were observed with a decrease in performance status score or index for restriction of activities of daily living of ≥ 2 points in 20 patients (67%). OI with the inability to complete the 10-min standing test was resolved in 10 (83%) out of 12 patients, and disequilibrium was resolved in 15 (88%) out of 17 patients. Neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia was attenuated in seven (70%) out of 10 patients. Muscle weakness with grip power of < 10 kg was resolved in two (50%) out of four patients. No untoward effects were encountered in all the study patients. Conclusion The treatment with rTMS is effective in alleviating various symptoms, especially OI and disequilibrium, and in improving the activities of daily living in patients with ME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukichi Inoue
- Department of Neurology, Toyama Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital & Support Center for Children with Disabilities, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Smith JL, Diekfuss JA, Dudley JA, Ahluwalia V, Zuleger TM, Slutsky-Ganesh AB, Yuan W, Foss KDB, Gore RK, Myer GD, Allen JW. Visuo-vestibular and cognitive connections of the vestibular neuromatrix are conserved across age and injury populations. J Neuroimaging 2023; 33:1003-1014. [PMID: 37303280 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Given the prevalence of vestibular dysfunction in pediatric concussion, there is a need to better understand pathophysiological disruptions within vestibular and associated cognitive, affective, and sensory-integrative networks. Although current research leverages established intrinsic connectivity networks, these are nonspecific for vestibular function, suggesting that a pathologically guided approach is warranted. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the generalizability of the previously identified "vestibular neuromatrix" in adults with and without postconcussive vestibular dysfunction to young athletes aged 14-17. METHODS This retrospective study leveraged resting-state functional MRI data from two sites. Site A included adults with diagnosed postconcussive vestibular impairment and healthy adult controls and Site B consisted of young athletes with preseason, postconcussion, and postseason time points (prospective longitudinal data). Adjacency matrices were generated from preprocessed resting-state data from each sample and assessed for overlap and network structure in MATLAB. RESULTS Analyses indicated the presence of a conserved "core" network of vestibular regions as well as areas subserving visual, spatial, and attentional processing. Other vestibular connections were also conserved across samples but were not linked to the "core" subnetwork by regions of interest included in this study. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that connections between central vestibular, visuospatial, and known intrinsic connectivity networks are conserved across adult and pediatric participants with and without concussion, evincing the significance of this expanded, vestibular-associated network. Our findings thus support this network as a workable model for investigation in future studies of dysfunction in young athlete populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L Smith
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jed A Diekfuss
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, Georgia, USA
- Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jonathan A Dudley
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Division of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Vishwadeep Ahluwalia
- Georgia State University/Georgia Tech Center for Advanced Brain Imaging (CABI), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Taylor M Zuleger
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, Georgia, USA
- Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Alexis B Slutsky-Ganesh
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Weihong Yuan
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Division of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kim D Barber Foss
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, Georgia, USA
| | - Russell K Gore
- Mild TBI Brain Health and Recovery Lab, Shepherd Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory D Myer
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, Georgia, USA
- Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Youth Physical Development Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Wales, UK
| | - Jason W Allen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jafari M, Shaabani M, Hosseini SR, Ashayeri H, Bakhshi E, Haghgoo HA. Modification of cortical electrical activity in stroke survivors with abnormal subjective visual vertical: An eLORETA study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22194. [PMID: 38027645 PMCID: PMC10661540 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Balance impairment is among the main complications of stroke. The gravity-based subjective vertical (SV) is considered an important reference for upright posture and navigation affected by stroke. The correlation between injury location and pathological perception of verticality remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the cortico-cortical network of vertical perception among patients with the right hemisphere stroke and abnormal visual-vertical perception compared with healthy individuals. Materials and methods This observational cross-sectional study included 40 patients with the right hemisphere stroke and 35 healthy participants. All patients had abnormal visual-vertical perception. The EEG connectivity analysis was conducted through the exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography analysis (eLORETA). Results Stroke survivors manifested a power spectral density that reduced within the beta-2 frequency band in the left hemisphere and increased within the beta-3 frequency band in the right hemisphere compared with controls (p < 0.01). The lagged-phase synchronization was increased within alpha-1, beta-2, and beta-3 bands and decreased in stroke survivors compared with controls in the vestibular network involved in visual-vertical perception (p < 0.01). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated variations in the function and functional connectivity of cortical areas involved in the visual-vertical perception that are mainly located in the vestibular cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meymaneh Jafari
- Department of Audiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moslem Shaabani
- Department of Audiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ruhollah Hosseini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Ashayeri
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Enayatollah Bakhshi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Haghgoo
- Department of Occupational Therapy. University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin C, Liu D, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wei X, Liu H, Wang K, Liu T, Xiao L, Rong L. Altered functional activity of the precuneus and superior temporal gyrus in patients with residual dizziness caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1221579. [PMID: 37901419 PMCID: PMC10600499 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1221579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common clinical vertigo disease, and the most effective treatment for this disease is canal repositioning procedures (CRP). Most patients return to normal after a single treatment. However, some patients still experience residual dizziness (RD) after treatment, and this disease's pathogenesis is currently unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore whether there are abnormal brain functional activities in patients with RD by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and to provide imaging evidence for the study of the pathogenesis of RD. Materials and methods The BPPV patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University had been included from December 2021 to November 2022. All patients had been received the collection of demographic and clinical characteristics (age, gender, involved semicircular canal, affected side, CRP times, BPPV course, duration of RD symptoms, and whether they had hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease.), scale assessment, including Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Inventory (HAMD), rs-fMRI data collection, CRP treatment, and then a one-month follow-up. According to the follow-up results, 18 patients with RD were included. At the same time, we selected 19 healthy individuals from our hospital's physical examination center who matched their age, gender as health controls (HC). First, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) analysis method was used to compare the local functional activities of the two groups of subjects. Then, the brain regions with different ALFF results were extracted as seed points. Functional connectivity (FC) analysis method based on seed points was used to explore the whole brain FC of patients with RD. Finally, a correlation analysis between clinical features and rs-fMRI data was performed. Results Compared to the HC, patients with RD showed lower ALFF value in the right precuneus and higher ALFF value in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG). When using the right STG as a seed point, it was found that the FC between the right STG, the right supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and the left precuneus was decreased in RD patients. However, no significant abnormalities in the FC were observed when using the right precuneus as a seed point. Conclusion In patients with RD, the local functional activity of the right precuneus is weakened, and the local functional activity of the right STG is enhanced. Furthermore, the FC between the right STG, the right SMG, and the left precuneus is weakened. These changes may explain the symptoms of dizziness, floating sensation, walking instability, neck tightness, and other symptoms in patients with RD to a certain extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunxin Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Graduate School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Graduate School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueji Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Graduate School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiue Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijie Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangqun Rong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Van Hecke R, Danneels M, Deconinck FJA, Dhooge I, Leyssens L, Van Acker E, Van Waelvelde H, Wiersema JR, Maes L. A cross-sectional study on the neurocognitive outcomes in vestibular impaired school-aged children: are they at higher risk for cognitive deficits? J Neurol 2023; 270:4326-4341. [PMID: 37209128 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess if children with a vestibular impairment (VI) are more prone to have neurocognitive deficits compared to typically developing (TD) peers, taking into account important confounding factors with hearing loss being the most important. The neurocognitive performance of fifteen VI children (6-13 years old) was compared to that of an age-, handedness- and sex-weighted group of TD peers (n = 60). Secondly, their performance was also compared to matched groups of TD and hearing impaired (HI) children to evaluate the involvement of HI. The protocol comprises cognitive tests assessing response inhibition, emotion recognition, visuospatial memory, selective and sustained attention, visual memory and visual-motor integration.Based on the results, the VI group had significantly reduced scores on 'social cognition' (p = 0.018), 'executive functions' (p < 0.01), and 'perceptual-motor functioning' (p = 0.020) compared to their TD and HI peers. For the categories 'complex attention' and 'learning and memory' no differences could be observed. Analogous to the findings of previous literature, the symptoms of a VI are often not limited to the primary functions of the system, but also comprise an impact on emotional and cognitive performance. Therefore, more holistic rehabilitation approaches should be encouraged, with a screening and attention for cognitive, emotional and behavioral dysfunctions in the vestibular population. Since this is one of the first studies to investigate the involvement of a VI in a child's cognitive development, these findings support the need for studies further characterizing the impact of a VI, the underlying pathophysiology and the effect of different rehabilitation procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Van Hecke
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maya Danneels
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik J A Deconinck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ingeborg Dhooge
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Corneel, Ghent University Hospital, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head and Skin-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Leyssens
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emmely Van Acker
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Van Waelvelde
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan R Wiersema
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology-Henri, Ghent University, Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Maes
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Corneel, Ghent University, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Corneel, Ghent University Hospital, Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Roytman S, Paalanen R, Griggs A, David S, Pongmala C, Koeppe RA, Scott PJH, Marusic U, Kanel P, Bohnen NI. Cholinergic system correlates of postural control changes in Parkinson's disease freezers. Brain 2023; 146:3243-3257. [PMID: 37086478 PMCID: PMC10393403 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Postural instability and freezing of gait are the most debilitating dopamine-refractory motor impairments in advanced stages of Parkinson's disease because of increased risk of falls and poorer quality of life. Recent findings suggest an inability to efficaciously utilize vestibular information during static posturography among people with Parkinson's disease who exhibit freezing of gait, with associated changes in cholinergic system integrity as assessed by vesicular acetylcholine transporter PET. There is a lack of adequate understanding of how postural control varies as a function of available sensory information in patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to examine cerebral cholinergic system changes that associate with inter-sensory postural control processing features as assessed by dynamic computerized posturography and acetylcholinesterase PET. Seventy-five participants with Parkinson's disease, 16 of whom exhibited freezing of gait, underwent computerized posturography on the NeuroCom© Equitest sensory organization test platform, striatal dopamine, and acetylcholinesterase PET scanning. Findings demonstrated that patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait have greater difficulty maintaining balance in the absence of reliable proprioceptive cues as compared to those without freezing of gait [β = 0.28 (0.021, 0.54), P = 0.034], an effect that was independent of disease severity [β = 0.16 (0.062, 0.26), P < 0.01] and age [β = 0.092 (-0.005, 0.19), P = 0.062]. Exploratory voxel-based analysis revealed an association between postural control and right hemispheric cholinergic network related to visual-vestibular integration and self-motion perception. High anti-cholinergic burden predicted postural control impairment in a manner dependent on right hemispheric cortical cholinergic integrity [β = 0.34 (0.065, 0.61), P < 0.01]. Our findings advance the perspective that cortical cholinergic system might play a role in supporting postural control after nigro-striatal dopaminergic losses in Parkinson's disease. Failure of cortex-dependent visual-vestibular integration may impair detection of postural instability in absence of reliable proprioceptive cues. Better understanding of how the cholinergic system plays a role in this process may augur novel treatments and therapeutic interventions to ameliorate debilitating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stiven Roytman
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rebecca Paalanen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alexis Griggs
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Simon David
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chatkaew Pongmala
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert A Koeppe
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter J H Scott
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Uros Marusic
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea—ECM, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Prabesh Kanel
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nicolaas I Bohnen
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Neurology Service and GRECC, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu Z, Kuang Y, Wan Y, Shi J, Li S, Xia R, Wan M, Chen S. Effect of a Baduanjin intervention on the risk of falls in the elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:233. [PMID: 37442990 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are a global public problem and may be an important cause of death in older adults. However, older adults with mild cognitive impairment(MCI) are more likely to fall and suffer more damage than older adults with normal cognitive function, which shows the importance of preventing falls. More and more evidence shows that Baduanjin can improve the balance function of the elderly and reduce the risk of falls in the elderly with MCI, but the mechanism is still unclear. The main purpose of this study is to verify the intervention effect of Baduanjin training on the risk of falls in elderly people with MCI and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of Baduanjin training in reducing the risk of falls in MCI patients. METHODS In this prospective study, outcome assessor-blind, three-arm randomized controlled trial, a total of 72 eligible participants will be randomly allocated (1:1:1) into the 12-week Baduanjin exercise intervention (60 min per session, three sessions per week), the 12-week brisk walking group(60 min per session, three sessions per week) or the 12-week health education group. Primary outcome is the Fall-Risk Self-Assessment Questionnaire(FRQ), and secondary outcomes are fall efficacy index, gait assessment, balance function, lower limb muscle strength, cognitive function, activities of daily living(ADL) and MRI scans. In addition to the MRI scans, which will be measured before and after the intervention,other primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks (at the end of the intervention) and after an additional 12-week follow-up period. The mixed linear model will be conducted to observe the intervention effects. DISCUSSION This trial will investigate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on the prevention of falls in elderly individuals with MCI, explore the imaging mechanism of Baduanjin exercise to reduce the risk of falls in elderly individuals with MCI from the perspective of vestibular neural network, and provide strong evidence for Baduanjin exercise to reduce the risk of falls in elderly individuals with MCI, as well as provide new ideas and approaches for the central mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TRC) rehabilitation methods to intervene in falls in elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chictr.org.cn, ID: ChiCTR2200057520. Registered on 14 March 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=146592 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Yuxing Kuang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Yiwen Wan
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jiao Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Shuqian Li
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
- Shunde Maternal and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China.
| | - Mingyue Wan
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Shangjie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation,The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marciniak Dg Agra K, Dg Agra P. F = ma. Is the macaque brain Newtonian? Cogn Neuropsychol 2023; 39:376-408. [PMID: 37045793 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2023.2191843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Intuitive Physics, the ability to anticipate how the physical events involving mass objects unfold in time and space, is a central component of intelligent systems. Intuitive physics is a promising tool for gaining insight into mechanisms that generalize across species because both humans and non-human primates are subject to the same physical constraints when engaging with the environment. Physical reasoning abilities are widely present within the animal kingdom, but monkeys, with acute 3D vision and a high level of dexterity, appreciate and manipulate the physical world in much the same way humans do.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Marciniak Dg Agra
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Neural Circuits, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Brain, Minds and Machines, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Dg Agra
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Neural Circuits, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Brain, Minds and Machines, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Altered functional connectivity within and between resting-state networks in patients with vestibular migraine. Neuroradiology 2023; 65:591-598. [PMID: 36520172 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-022-03102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have substantiated changes in multiple brain regions of functional activity in patients with vestibular migraine. However, few studies have assessed functional connectivity within and between specific brain networks in vestibular migraine. METHODS Our study subjects included 37 patients with vestibular migraine and 35 healthy controls, and the quality of magnetic resonance images of all subjects met the requirements. Independent component analysis was performed to identify resting-state networks, and we investigated changes in functional connectivity patterns within and between brain networks. We also used Pearson correlation analysis to assess the relationship between changes in functional connectivity and the clinical features of patients with vestibular migraine. RESULTS A total of 14 independent components were identified. Compared to healthy controls, patients with vestibular migraine exhibited decreased intra-network functional connectivity in the executive control network and weakened functional connectivity between the anterior default mode network and the ventral attention network, between the anterior default mode network and the salience network, and between the right frontoparietal network and the auditory network. Moreover, the functional connectivity between the salience network and the dorsal attention network was increased. However, the functional connectivity of networks and clinical characteristics of vestibular migraine patients did not demonstrate any significant correlation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study suggested that patients with vestibular migraine also have abnormal multisensory integration during the interictal period and that the attention network is involved. Changing within- and between-network functional connectivity may indicate that vestibular cortex areas are in a sensitive state.
Collapse
|
16
|
Smith JL, Ahluwalia V, Gore RK, Allen JW. Eagle-449: A volumetric, whole-brain compilation of brain atlases for vestibular functional MRI research. Sci Data 2023; 10:29. [PMID: 36641517 PMCID: PMC9840609 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-01938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human vestibular processing involves distributed networks of cortical and subcortical regions which perform sensory and multimodal integrative functions. These functional hubs are also interconnected with areas subserving cognitive, affective, and body-representative domains. Analysis of these diverse components of the vestibular and vestibular-associated networks, and synthesis of their holistic functioning, is therefore vital to our understanding of the genesis of vestibular dysfunctions and aid treatment development. Novel neuroimaging methodologies, including functional and structural connectivity analyses, have provided important contributions in this area, but often require the use of atlases which are comprised of well-defined a priori regions of interest. Investigating vestibular dysfunction requires a more detailed atlas that encompasses cortical, subcortical, cerebellar, and brainstem regions. The present paper represents an effort to establish a compilation of existing, peer-reviewed brain atlases which collectively afford comprehensive coverage of these regions while explicitly focusing on vestibular substrates. It is expected that this compilation will be iteratively improved with additional contributions from researchers in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L. Smith
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia USA
| | - Vishwadeep Ahluwalia
- grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia USA ,grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400GSU/GT Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Atlanta, Georgia USA
| | - Russell K. Gore
- grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia USA ,grid.419148.10000 0004 0384 2537Shepherd Center, Atlanta, Georgia USA
| | - Jason W. Allen
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia USA ,grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alterations in Corticocortical Vestibular Network Functional Connectivity Are Associated with Decreased Balance Ability in Elderly Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2022; 13:brainsci13010063. [PMID: 36672045 PMCID: PMC9856347 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The corticocortical vestibular network (CVN) plays an important role in maintaining balance and stability. In order to clarify the specific relationship between the CVN and the balance ability of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we recruited 30 MCI patients in the community. According to age and sex, they were 1:1 matched to 30 older adults with normal cognitive function. We evaluated balance ability and performed MRI scanning in the two groups of participants. We analyzed functional connectivity within the CVN based on the region of interest. Then, we performed a Pearson correlation analysis between the functional connection and the Berg Balance Scale scores. The research results show that compared with the control group, there were three pairs of functional connections (hMST_R−Premotor_R, PFcm_R−SMA_L, and hMST_L−VIP_R) that were significantly decreased in the CVNs of the MCI group (p < 0.05). Further correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between hMST_R−Premotor_R functional connectivity and BBS score (r = 0.364, p = 0.004). The decline in balance ability and increase in fall risk in patients with MCI may be closely related to the change in the internal connection mode of the corticocortical vestibular network.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ruehl RM, Flanagin VL, Ophey L, Raiser TM, Seiderer K, Ertl M, Conrad J, Zu Eulenburg P. The human egomotion network. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119715. [PMID: 36334557 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
All volitional movement in a three-dimensional space requires multisensory integration, in particular of visual and vestibular signals. Where and how the human brain processes and integrates self-motion signals remains enigmatic. Here, we applied visual and vestibular self-motion stimulation using fast and precise whole-brain neuroimaging to delineate and characterize the entire cortical and subcortical egomotion network in a substantial cohort (n=131). Our results identify a core egomotion network consisting of areas in the cingulate sulcus (CSv, PcM/pCi), the cerebellum (uvula), and the temporo-parietal cortex including area VPS and an unnamed region in the supramarginal gyrus. Based on its cerebral connectivity pattern and anatomical localization, we propose that this region represents the human homologue of macaque area 7a. Whole-brain connectivity and gradient analyses imply an essential role of the connections between the cingulate sulcus and the cerebellar uvula in egomotion perception. This could be via feedback loops involved updating visuo-spatial and vestibular information. The unique functional connectivity patterns of PcM/pCi hint at central role in multisensory integration essential for the perception of self-referential spatial awareness. All cortical egomotion hubs showed modular functional connectivity with other visual, vestibular, somatosensory and higher order motor areas, underlining their mutual function in general sensorimotor integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ria Maxine Ruehl
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Virginia L Flanagin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Department of Biology II and Neurobiology, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82151 Planegg-Martinsried, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Leoni Ophey
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Marie Raiser
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Seiderer
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ertl
- Institute of Psychology and Inselspital, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julian Conrad
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Theodor-Kutze Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Zu Eulenburg
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, IFB-LMU, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Department of Biology II and Neurobiology, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82151 Planegg-Martinsried, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany; Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kearney BE, Lanius RA. The brain-body disconnect: A somatic sensory basis for trauma-related disorders. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1015749. [PMID: 36478879 PMCID: PMC9720153 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1015749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the manifestation of trauma in the body is a phenomenon well-endorsed by clinicians and traumatized individuals, the neurobiological underpinnings of this manifestation remain unclear. The notion of somatic sensory processing, which encompasses vestibular and somatosensory processing and relates to the sensory systems concerned with how the physical body exists in and relates to physical space, is introduced as a major contributor to overall regulatory, social-emotional, and self-referential functioning. From a phylogenetically and ontogenetically informed perspective, trauma-related symptomology is conceptualized to be grounded in brainstem-level somatic sensory processing dysfunction and its cascading influences on physiological arousal modulation, affect regulation, and higher-order capacities. Lastly, we introduce a novel hierarchical model bridging somatic sensory processes with limbic and neocortical mechanisms regulating an individual's emotional experience and sense of a relational, agentive self. This model provides a working framework for the neurobiologically informed assessment and treatment of trauma-related conditions from a somatic sensory processing perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Breanne E. Kearney
- Department of Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth A. Lanius
- Department of Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qi L, Xu C, Wang X, Du J, He Q, Wu D, Wang X, Jin G, Wang Q, Chen J, Wang D, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wei P, Shan Y, Cui Z, Wang Y, Shu Y, Zhao G, Yu T, Ren L. Intracranial direct electrical mapping reveals the functional architecture of the human basal ganglia. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1123. [PMID: 36274105 PMCID: PMC9588773 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia play a key role in integrating a variety of human behaviors through the cortico–basal ganglia–thalamo–cortical loops. Accordingly, basal ganglia disturbances are implicated in a broad range of debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite accumulating knowledge of the basal ganglia functional organization, the neural substrates and circuitry subserving functions have not been directly mapped in humans. By direct electrical stimulation of distinct basal ganglia regions in 35 refractory epilepsy patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography recordings, we here offer currently the most complete overview of basal ganglia functional characterization, extending not only to the expected sensorimotor responses, but also to vestibular sensations, autonomic responses, cognitive and multimodal effects. Specifically, some locations identified responses weren’t predicted by the model derived from large-scale meta-analyses. Our work may mark an important step toward understanding the functional architecture of the human basal ganglia and provide mechanistic explanations of non-motor symptoms in brain circuit disorders. Direct electrical stimulation of the basal ganglia using implanted SEEG electrodes produced a variety of motor and non-motor effects in human participants, providing insight into the functional architecture of this key brain region.
Collapse
|
21
|
Patel K, Beaver D, Gruber N, Printezis G, Giannopulu I. Mental imagery of whole-body motion along the sagittal-anteroposterior axis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14345. [PMID: 35999355 PMCID: PMC9399091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-body motor imagery is conceptualised as a mental symbolisation directly and indirectly associated with neural oscillations similar to whole-body motor execution. Motor and somatosensory activity, including vestibular activity, is a typical corticocortical substrate of body motion. Yet, it is not clear how this neural substrate is organised when participants are instructed to imagine moving their body forward or backward along the sagittal-anteroposterior axis. It is the aim of the current study to identify the fingerprint of the neural substrate by recording the cortical activity of 39 participants via a 32 electroencephalography (EEG) device. The participants were instructed to imagine moving their body forward or backward from a first-person perspective. Principal Component Analysis (i.e. PCA) applied to the neural activity of whole-body motor imagery revealed neural interconnections mirroring between forward and backward conditions: beta pre-motor and motor oscillations in the left and right hemisphere overshadowed beta parietal oscillations in forward condition, and beta parietal oscillations in the left and right hemisphere overshadowed beta pre-motor and motor oscillations in backward condition. Although functional significance needs to be discerned, beta pre-motor, motor and somatosensory oscillations might represent specific settings within the corticocortical network and provide meaningful information regarding the neural dynamics of continuous whole-body motion. It was concluded that the evoked multimodal fronto-parietal neural activity would correspond to the neural activity that could be expected if the participants were physically enacting movement of the whole-body in sagittal-anteroposterior plane as they would in their everyday environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Patel
- School of Human Sciences and Humanities, University of Houston, Houston, 77001, USA
| | - D Beaver
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, 4226, Australia
| | - N Gruber
- Department of Mathematics, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Printezis
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technological University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - I Giannopulu
- Creative Robotics Lab, UNSW, Sydney, 2021, Australia.
- Clinical Research and Technological Innovation, 75016, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Conrad J, Boegle R, Ruehl RM, Dieterich M. Evaluating the rare cases of cortical vertigo using disconnectome mapping. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:3063-3073. [PMID: 35838791 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In rare cases, cortical infarcts lead to vertigo. We evaluated structural and functional disconnection in patients with acute vertigo due to unilateral ischemic cortical infarcts compared to infarcts without vertigo in a similar location with a focus on the connectivity of the vestibular cortex, i.e., the parieto-opercular (retro-)insular cortex (PIVC). Using lesion maps from the ten published case reports, we computed lesion-functional connectivity networks in a set of healthy individuals from the human connectome project. The probability of lesion disconnection was evaluated by white matter disconnectome mapping. In all ten cases with rotational vertigo, disconnections of interhemispheric connections via the corpus callosum were present but were spared in lesions of the PIVC without vertigo. Further, the arcuate fascicle was affected in 90% of the lesions that led to vertigo and spared in lesions that did not lead to vertigo. The lesion-functional connectivity network included vestibulo-cerebellar hubs, the vestibular nuclei, the PIVC, the retro-insular and posterior insular cortex, the multisensory vestibular ventral intraparietal area, motion-sensitive areas (temporal area MT+ and cingulate visual sulcus) as well as hubs for ocular motor control (lateral intraparietal area, cingulate and frontal eye fields). However, this was not sufficient to differentiate between lesions with and without vertigo. Disruption of interhemispheric connections of both PIVC via the corpus callosum and intra-hemispheric disconnection via the arcuate fascicle might be the distinguishing factor between vestibular cortical network lesions that manifest with vertigo compared to those without vertigo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Conrad
- Department of Neurology, Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Rainer Boegle
- Department of Neurology, Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School for Systemic Neuroscience (GSN-LMU), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ria Maxine Ruehl
- Department of Neurology, Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), Munich University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School for Systemic Neuroscience (GSN-LMU), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Arshad I, Ferrè ER. Express: Cognition in Zero Gravity: Effects of Non-Terrestrial Gravity on Human Behaviour. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2022; 76:979-994. [PMID: 35786100 PMCID: PMC10119906 DOI: 10.1177/17470218221113935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As humanity prepares for deep space exploration, understanding the impact of spaceflight on bodily physiology is critical. While the effects of non-terrestrial gravity on the body are well established, little is known about its impact on human behaviour and cognition. Astronauts often describe dramatic alterations in sensorimotor functioning, including orientation, postural control and balance. Changes in cognitive functioning as well as in socio-affective processing have also been observed. Here we have reviewed the key literature and explored the impact of non-terrestrial gravity across three key functional domains: sensorimotor, cognition, and socio-affective processing. We have proposed a neuroanatomical model to account for the effects of non-terrestrial gravity in these domains. Understanding the impact of non-terrestrial gravity on human behaviour has never been more timely and it will help mitigate against risks in both commercial and non-commercial spaceflight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Arshad
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK 3162
| | - Elisa Raffaella Ferrè
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK 3162
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
White matter volume loss drives cortical reshaping after thalamic infarcts. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 33:102953. [PMID: 35139478 PMCID: PMC8844789 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.102953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
White matter volume loss after unilateral thalamic infarcts shows the trajectories of sensory and ocular motor input from the brainstem to the thalamus and their thalamocortical connections. The extensive volume loss drives reshaping of the cortex more than grey matter atrophy. Associated ocular motor and vestibular symptoms are compensated over time due to their redundant and intermingled connectivity and an early integration with other sensory modalities. Associated ocular motor and vestibular symptoms are compensated over time due to their redundant and intermingled connectivity and an early integration with other sensory modalities.
Objective The integration of somatosensory, ocular motor and vestibular signals is necessary for self-location in space and goal-directed action. We aimed to detect remote changes in the cerebral cortex after thalamic infarcts to reveal the thalamo-cortical connections necessary for multisensory processing and ocular motor control. Methods Thirteen patients with unilateral ischemic thalamic infarcts presenting with vestibular, somatosensory, and ocular motor symptoms were examined longitudinally in the acute phase and after six months. Voxel- and surface-based morphometry were used to detect changes in vestibular and multisensory cortical areas and known hubs of central ocular motor processing. The results were compared with functional connectivity data in 50 healthy volunteers. Results Patients with paramedian infarcts showed impaired saccades and vestibular perception, i.e., tilts of the subjective visual vertical (SVV). The most common complaint in these patients was double vision or vertigo / dizziness. Posterolateral thalamic infarcts led to tilts of the SVV and somatosensory deficits without vertigo. Tilts of the SVV were higher in paramedian compared to posterolateral infarcts (median 11.2° vs 3.8°). Vestibular and ocular motor symptoms recovered within six months. Somatosensory deficits persisted. Structural longitudinal imaging showed significant volume reduction in subcortical structures connected to the infarcted thalamic nuclei (vestibular nuclei region, dentate nucleus region, trigeminal root entry zone, medial lemniscus, superior colliculi). Volume loss was evident in connections to the frontal, parietal and cingulate lobes. Changes were larger in the ipsilesional hemisphere but were also detected in homotopical regions contralesionally. The white matter volume reduction led to deformation of the cortical projection zones of the infarcted nuclei. Conclusions White matter volume loss after thalamic infarcts reflects sensory input from the brainstem as well the cortical projections of the main affected nuclei for sensory and ocular motor processing. Changes in the cortical geometry seem not to reflect gray matter atrophy but rather reshaping of the cortical surface due to the underlying white matter atrophy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ibitoye RT, Mallas EJ, Bourke NJ, Kaski D, Bronstein AM, Sharp DJ. The human vestibular cortex: functional anatomy of OP2, its connectivity and the effect of vestibular disease. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:567-582. [PMID: 35235642 PMCID: PMC9890474 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Area OP2 in the posterior peri-sylvian cortex has been proposed to be the core human vestibular cortex. We investigated the functional anatomy of OP2 and adjacent areas (OP2+) using spatially constrained independent component analysis (ICA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the Human Connectome Project. Ten ICA-derived subregions were identified. OP2+ responses to vestibular and visual motion were analyzed in 17 controls and 17 right-sided vestibular neuritis patients who had previously undergone caloric and optokinetic stimulation during fMRI. In controls, a posterior part of right OP2+ showed: (i) direction-selective responses to visual motion and (ii) activation during caloric stimulation that correlated positively with perceived self-motion, and negatively with visual dependence and peak slow-phase nystagmus velocity. Patients showed abnormal OP2+ activity, with an absence of visual or caloric activation of the healthy ear and no correlations with vertigo or visual dependence-despite normal slow-phase nystagmus responses to caloric stimulation. Activity in a lateral part of right OP2+ correlated with chronic visually induced dizziness in patients. In summary, distinct functional subregions of right OP2+ show strong connectivity to other vestibular areas and a profile of caloric and visual responses, suggesting a central role for vestibular function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard T Ibitoye
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom,Neuro-otology Unit, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W6 8RP, United Kingdom
| | - Emma-Jane Mallas
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom,UK Dementia Research Institute, Care Research & Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Niall J Bourke
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Kaski
- Department of Clinical and Motor Neurosciences, Centre for Vestibular and Behavioural Neurosciences, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nguyen TT, Nam GS, Kang JJ, Han GC, Kim JS, Dieterich M, Oh SY. The Differential Effects of Acute Right- vs. Left-Sided Vestibular Deafferentation on Spatial Cognition in Unilateral Labyrinthectomized Mice. Front Neurol 2021; 12:789487. [PMID: 34956067 PMCID: PMC8692718 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.789487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the disparity in locomotor and spatial memory deficits caused by left- or right-sided unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD) using a mouse model of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) and to examine the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) on the deficits over 14 days. Five experimental groups were established: the left-sided and right-sided UL (Lt.-UL and Rt.-UL) groups, left-sided and right-sided UL with bipolar GVS with the cathode on the lesion side (Lt.-GVS and Rt.-GVS) groups, and a control group with sham surgery. We assessed the locomotor and cognitive-behavioral functions using the open field (OF), Y maze, and Morris water maze (MWM) tests before (baseline) and 3, 7, and 14 days after surgical UL in each group. On postoperative day (POD) 3, locomotion and spatial working memory were more impaired in the Lt.-UL group compared with the Rt.-UL group (p < 0.01, Tamhane test). On POD 7, there was a substantial difference between the groups; the locomotion and spatial navigation of the Lt.-UL group recovered significantly more slowly compared with those of the Rt.-UL group. Although the differences in the short-term spatial cognition and motor coordination were resolved by POD 14, the long-term spatial navigation deficits assessed by the MWM were significantly worse in the Lt.-UL group compared with the Rt.-UL group. GVS intervention accelerated the vestibular compensation in both the Lt.-GVS and Rt.-GVS groups in terms of improvement of locomotion and spatial cognition. The current data imply that right- and left-sided UVD impair spatial cognition and locomotion differently and result in different compensatory patterns. Sequential bipolar GVS when the cathode (stimulating) was assigned to the lesion side accelerated recovery for UVD-induced spatial cognition, which may have implications for managing the patients with spatial cognitive impairment, especially that induced by unilateral peripheral vestibular damage on the dominant side.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Tin Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital & School of Medicine, Jeonju, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Gi-Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Kang
- Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital & School of Medicine, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Gyu Cheol Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital & School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Sun-Young Oh
- Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital & School of Medicine, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Si L, Cui B, Li Z, Li X, Li K, Ling X, Shen B, Yang X. Altered Resting-State Intranetwork and Internetwork Functional Connectivity in Patients With Chronic Unilateral Vestibulopathy. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 56:291-300. [PMID: 34921750 PMCID: PMC9299943 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic unilateral vestibulopathy (CUVP) is often accompanied by dizziness and postural instability, which restrict patients' daily activities. It is important to understand central compensation mechanisms underlying these symptoms in patients with CUVP by evaluating their brain functional status. PURPOSE To analyze the changes in resting-state intranetwork and internetwork functional connectivity (FC) and explore the state of central vestibular compensation in patients with CUVP. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. POPULATION Eighteen patients with right-sided CUVP and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0 T, three-dimensional magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) and resting-state echo-planar imaging (EPI) functional MRI sequences. ASSESSMENT FC alterations were explored using independent component analysis (ICA). Twelve independent components were identified via ICA. Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score for all patients was determined. STATISTICAL TESTS Two-sample t test, family-wise error (FWE) correction, Pearson correlation coefficient (r). A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with CUVP showed significantly decreased FC in the right middle occipital gyrus within the lateral visual network, and significantly increased FC in the right supplementary motor area within the sensorimotor network. The FC was decreased between the medial visual and auditory networks, the right frontoparietal and posterior default networks, as well as the sensorimotor and auditory networks. There was a significant negative correlation between the FC changes in the visual, auditory networks and the DHI score in patients with CUVP (r = -0.583). DATA CONCLUSION Compared to healthy controls, the FC was significantly decreased in the right visual cortex and significantly enhanced in the right sensorimotor network in patients with CUVP. Patients with CUVP showed decreased FC between multiple whole-brain networks, suggesting that abnormal integration of multisensory information may be involved in the occurrence of chronic dizziness and instability in patients with CUVP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Si
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cui
- Department of Radiology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangzhi Li
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ling
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Smith JL, Trofimova A, Ahluwalia V, Casado Garrido JJ, Hurtado J, Frank R, Hodge A, Gore RK, Allen JW. The "vestibular neuromatrix": A proposed, expanded vestibular network from graph theory in post-concussive vestibular dysfunction. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 43:1501-1518. [PMID: 34862683 PMCID: PMC8886666 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Convergent clinical and neuroimaging evidence suggests that higher vestibular function is subserved by a distributed network including visuospatial, cognitive-affective, proprioceptive, and integrative brain regions. Clinical vestibular syndromes may perturb this network, resulting in deficits across a variety of functional domains. Here, we leverage structural and functional neuroimaging to characterize this extended network in healthy control participants and patients with post-concussive vestibular dysfunction (PCVD). Then, 27 healthy control subjects (15 females) and 18 patients with subacute PCVD (12 female) were selected for participation. Eighty-two regions of interest (network nodes) were identified based on previous publications, group-wise differences in BOLD signal amplitude and connectivity, and multivariate pattern analysis on affective tests. Group-specific "core" networks, as well as a "consensus" network comprised of connections common to all participants, were then generated based on probabilistic tractography and functional connectivity between the 82 nodes and subjected to analyses of node centrality and community structure. Whereas the consensus network was comprised of affective, integrative, and vestibular nodes, PCVD participants exhibited diminished integration and centrality among vestibular and affective nodes and increased centrality of visual, supplementary motor, and frontal and cingulate eye field nodes. Clinical outcomes, derived from dynamic posturography, were associated with approximately 62% of all connections but best predicted by amygdalar, prefrontal, and cingulate connectivity. No group-wise differences in diffusion metrics or tractography were noted. These findings indicate that cognitive, affective, and proprioceptive substrates contribute to vestibular processing and performance and highlight the need to consider these domains during clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L Smith
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anna Trofimova
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vishwadeep Ahluwalia
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jose J Casado Garrido
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Russell K Gore
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Shepherd Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jason W Allen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Smith AT. Cortical visual area CSv as a cingulate motor area: a sensorimotor interface for the control of locomotion. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2931-2950. [PMID: 34240236 PMCID: PMC8541968 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The response properties, connectivity and function of the cingulate sulcus visual area (CSv) are reviewed. Cortical area CSv has been identified in both human and macaque brains. It has similar response properties and connectivity in the two species. It is situated bilaterally in the cingulate sulcus close to an established group of medial motor/premotor areas. It has strong connectivity with these areas, particularly the cingulate motor areas and the supplementary motor area, suggesting that it is involved in motor control. CSv is active during visual stimulation but only if that stimulation is indicative of self-motion. It is also active during vestibular stimulation and connectivity data suggest that it receives proprioceptive input. Connectivity with topographically organized somatosensory and motor regions strongly emphasizes the legs over the arms. Together these properties suggest that CSv provides a key interface between the sensory and motor systems in the control of locomotion. It is likely that its role involves online control and adjustment of ongoing locomotory movements, including obstacle avoidance and maintaining the intended trajectory. It is proposed that CSv is best seen as part of the cingulate motor complex. In the human case, a modification of the influential scheme of Picard and Strick (Picard and Strick, Cereb Cortex 6:342-353, 1996) is proposed to reflect this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Smith
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huber J, Ruehl M, Flanagin V, Zu Eulenburg P. Delineating neural responses and functional connectivity changes during vestibular and nociceptive stimulation reveal the uniqueness of cortical vestibular processing. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 227:779-791. [PMID: 34611776 PMCID: PMC8930960 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Vestibular information is ubiquitous and often processed jointly with visual, somatosensory and proprioceptive information. Among the cortical brain regions associated with human vestibular processing, area OP2 in the parietal operculum has been proposed as vestibular core region. However, delineating responses uniquely to vestibular stimulation in this region using neuroimaging is challenging for several reasons: First, the parietal operculum is a cytoarchitectonically heterogeneous region responding to multisensory stimulation. Second, artificial vestibular stimulation evokes confounding somatosensory and nociceptive responses blurring responses contributing to vestibular perception. Furthermore, immediate effects of vestibular stimulation on the organization of functional networks have not been investigated in detail yet. Using high resolution neuroimaging in a task-based and functional connectivity approach, we compared two equally salient stimuli—unilateral galvanic vestibular (GVS) and galvanic nociceptive stimulation (GNS)—to disentangle the processing of both modalities in the parietal operculum and characterize their effects on functional network architecture. GNS and GVS gave joint responses in area OP1, 3, 4, and the anterior and middle insula, but not in area OP2. GVS gave stronger responses in the parietal operculum just adjacent to OP3 and OP4, whereas GNS evoked stronger responses in area OP1, 3 and 4. Our results underline the importance of considering this common pathway when interpreting vestibular neuroimaging experiments and underpin the role of area OP2 in central vestibular processing. Global network changes were found during GNS, but not during GVS. This lack of network reconfiguration despite the saliency of GVS may reflect the continuous processing of vestibular information in the awake human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judita Huber
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Department of Biology II and Neurobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Maxine Ruehl
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Virginia Flanagin
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Department of Biology II and Neurobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Zu Eulenburg
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Department of Biology II and Neurobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nakul E, Bartolomei F, Lopez C. Vestibular-Evoked Cerebral Potentials. Front Neurol 2021; 12:674100. [PMID: 34621231 PMCID: PMC8490637 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.674100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human vestibular cortex has mostly been approached using functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography combined with artificial stimulation of the vestibular receptors or nerve. Few studies have used electroencephalography and benefited from its high temporal resolution to describe the spatiotemporal dynamics of vestibular information processing from the first milliseconds following vestibular stimulation. Evoked potentials (EPs) are largely used to describe neural processing of other sensory signals, but they remain poorly developed and standardized in vestibular neuroscience and neuro-otology. Yet, vestibular EPs of brainstem, cerebellar, and cortical origin have been reported as early as the 1960s. This review article summarizes and compares results from studies that have used a large range of vestibular stimulation, including natural vestibular stimulation on rotating chairs and motion platforms, as well as artificial vestibular stimulation (e.g., sounds, impulsive acceleration stimulation, galvanic stimulation). These studies identified vestibular EPs with short latency (<20 ms), middle latency (from 20 to 50 ms), and late latency (>50 ms). Analysis of the generators (source analysis) of these responses offers new insights into the neuroimaging of the vestibular system. Generators were consistently found in the parieto-insular and temporo-parietal junction-the core of the vestibular cortex-as well as in the prefrontal and frontal areas, superior parietal, and temporal areas. We discuss the relevance of vestibular EPs for basic research and clinical neuroscience and highlight their limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Nakul
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (LNC), FR3C, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
- Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, Hôpital Timone, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Lopez
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (LNC), FR3C, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Conrad J, Habs M, Ruehl M, Boegle R, Ertl M, Kirsch V, Eren O, Becker-Bense S, Stephan T, Wollenweber F, Duering M, Dieterich M, Eulenburg PZ. Structural reorganization of the cerebral cortex after vestibulo-cerebellar stroke. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 30:102603. [PMID: 33676164 PMCID: PMC7933782 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Structural reorganization following cerebellar infarcts is not yet known. This study aimed to demonstrate structural volumetric changes over time in the cortical vestibular and multisensory areas (i.e., brain plasticity) after acute cerebellar infarcts with vestibular and ocular motor symptoms. Additionally, we evaluated whether structural reorganization in the patients topographically correlates with cerebello-cortical connectivity that can be observed in healthy participants. METHODS We obtained high-resolution structural imaging in seven patients with midline cerebellar infarcts at two time points. These data were compared to structural imaging of a group of healthy age-matched controls using voxel-based morphometry (2×2 ANOVA approach). The maximum overlap of the infarcts was used as a seed region for a separate resting-state functional connectivity analysis in healthy volunteers. RESULTS Volumetric changes were detected in the multisensory cortical vestibular areas around the parieto-opercular and (retro-) insular cortex. Furthermore, structural reorganization was evident in parts of the frontal, temporal, parietal, limbic, and occipital lobes and reflected functional connections between the main infarct regions in the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex in healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates structural reorganization in the parieto-opercular insular vestibular cortex after acute vestibulo-cerebellar infarcts. Additionally, the widely distributed structural reorganization after midline cerebellar infarcts provides additional in vivo evidence for the multifaceted contribution of cerebellar processing to cortical functions that extend beyond vestibular or ocular motor function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Conrad
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Habs
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Maxine Ruehl
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Boegle
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences - GSN-LMU, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ertl
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Kirsch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Ozan Eren
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Becker-Bense
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Stephan
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Wollenweber
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Helios Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Marco Duering
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Zu Eulenburg
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|