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Asim M, Wang H, Chen X. Shedding light on cholecystokinin's role in hippocampal neuroplasticity and memory formation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105615. [PMID: 38437975 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a crucial brain region involved in the process of forming and consolidating memories. Memories are consolidated in the brain through synaptic plasticity, and a key mechanism underlying this process is called long-term potentiation (LTP). Recent research has shown that cholecystokinin (CCK) plays a role in facilitating the formation of LTP, as well as learning and memory consolidation. However, the specific mechanisms by which CCK is involved in hippocampal neuroplasticity and memory formation are complicated or poorly understood. This literature review aims to explore the role of LTP in memory formation, particularly in relation to hippocampal memory, and to discuss the implications of CCK and its receptors in the formation of hippocampal memories. Additionally, we will examine the circuitry of CCK in the hippocampus and propose potential CCK-dependent mechanisms of synaptic plasticity that contribute to memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong.
| | - Huajie Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong
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2
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Zetterström TSC, Quansah E, Grootveld M. Effects of Methylphenidate on the Dopamine Transporter and Beyond. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 57:127-157. [PMID: 35507284 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is the main target of methylphenidate (MPH), which remains the number one drug prescribed worldwide for the treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In addition, abnormalities of the DAT have been widely associated with ADHD. Based on clinical and preclinical studies, the direction of DAT abnormalities in ADHD are, however, still unclear. Moreover, chronic treatment of MPH has been shown to increase brain DAT expression in both animals and ADHD patients, suggesting that findings of overexpressed levels of DAT in ADHD patients are possibly attributable to the effects of long-term MPH treatment rather than the pathology of the condition itself. In this chapter, we will discuss some of the effects exerted by MPH, which are related to its actions on catecholamine protein targets and brain metabolites, together with genes and proteins mediating neuronal plasticity. For this purpose, we present data from biochemical, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and gene/protein expression studies. Overall, results of the studies discussed in this chapter show that MPH has a complex biological/pharmacological action well beyond the DAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyra S C Zetterström
- Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
| | - Emmanuel Quansah
- Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin Grootveld
- Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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Luengo JG, Muñoz MD, Álvarez-Merz I, Herranz AS, González JC, Martín del Río R, Hernández-Guijo JM, Solís JM. Intracellular accumulation of amino acids increases synaptic potentials in rat hippocampal slices. Amino Acids 2019; 51:1337-1351. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02771-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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4
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McGuire JL, DePasquale EAK, Watanabe M, Anwar F, Ngwenya LB, Atluri G, Romick-Rosendale LE, McCullumsmith RE, Evanson NK. Chronic Dysregulation of Cortical and Subcortical Metabolism After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:2908-2921. [PMID: 30069831 PMCID: PMC7584385 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Although chronic disability is common after TBI, effective treatments remain elusive and chronic TBI pathophysiology is not well understood. Early after TBI, brain metabolism is disrupted due to unregulated ion release, mitochondrial damage, and interruption of molecular trafficking. This metabolic disruption causes at least part of the TBI pathology. However, it is not clear how persistent or pervasive metabolic injury is at later stages of injury. Using untargeted 1H-NMR metabolomics, we examined ex vivo hippocampus, striatum, thalamus, frontal cortex, and brainstem tissue in a rat lateral fluid percussion model of chronic brain injury. We found altered tissue concentrations of metabolites in the hippocampus and thalamus consistent with dysregulation of energy metabolism and excitatory neurotransmission. Furthermore, differential correlation analysis provided additional evidence of metabolic dysregulation, most notably in brainstem and frontal cortex, suggesting that metabolic consequences of injury are persistent and widespread. Interestingly, the patterns of network changes were region-specific. The individual metabolic signatures after injury in different structures of the brain at rest may reflect different compensatory mechanisms engaged to meet variable metabolic demands across brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L McGuire
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| | - Erica A K DePasquale
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Miki Watanabe
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Fatima Anwar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Laura B Ngwenya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Gowtham Atluri
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | | | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Nathan K Evanson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
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Maclean KN, Jiang H, Phinney WN, Keating AK, Hurt KJ, Stabler SP. Taurine alleviates repression of betaine‐homocysteine S‐methyltransferase and significantly improves the efficacy of long‐term betaine treatment in a mouse model of cystathionine β‐synthase–deficient homocystinuria. FASEB J 2019; 33:6339-6353. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802069rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N. Maclean
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Whitney N. Phinney
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Amy K. Keating
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - K. Joseph Hurt
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Sally P. Stabler
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
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Quansah E, Ruiz-Rodado V, Grootveld M, Probert F, Zetterström TSC. 1H NMR-based metabolomics reveals neurochemical alterations in the brain of adolescent rats following acute methylphenidate administration. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:109-120. [PMID: 28268188 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) is increasingly used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While there is little evidence for common brain pathology in ADHD, some studies suggest a right hemisphere dysfunction among people diagnosed with the condition. However, in spite of the high usage of MPH in children and adolescents, its mechanism of action is poorly understood. Given that MPH blocks the neuronal transporters for dopamine and noradrenaline, most research into the effects of MPH on the brain has largely focused on these two monoamine neurotransmitter systems. Interestingly, recent studies have demonstrated metabolic changes in the brain of ADHD patients, but the impact of MPH on endogenous brain metabolites remains unclear. In this study, a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics approach was employed to investigate the effects of MPH on brain biomolecules. Adolescent male Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with MPH (5.0 mg/kg) or saline (1.0 ml/kg), and cerebral extracts from the left and right hemispheres were analysed. A total of 22 variables (representing 13 distinct metabolites) were significantly increased in the MPH-treated samples relative to the saline-treated controls. The upregulated metabolites included: amino acid neurotransmitters such as GABA, glutamate and aspartate; large neutral amino acids (LNAA), including the aromatic amino acids (AAA) tyrosine and phenylalanine, both of which are involved in the metabolism of dopamine and noradrenaline; and metabolites associated with energy and cell membrane dynamics, such as creatine and myo-inositol. No significant differences in metabolite concentrations were found between the left and right cerebral hemispheres. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of the anti-ADHD drug MPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Quansah
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Victor Ruiz-Rodado
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Martin Grootveld
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Fay Probert
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Tyra S C Zetterström
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
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The taurine transporter substrate guanidinoethyl sulfonate mimics the action of taurine on long-term synaptic potentiation. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2647-2656. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Silkis IG. The contribution of dopamine to the functioning of the hippocampus during spatial learning (a hypothetical mechanism). NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s181971241601013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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López AJ, Kramár E, Matheos DP, White AO, Kwapis J, Vogel-Ciernia A, Sakata K, Espinoza M, Wood MA. Promoter-Specific Effects of DREADD Modulation on Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Memory Formation. J Neurosci 2016; 36:3588-99. [PMID: 27013687 PMCID: PMC4804014 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3682-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drug (DREADDs) are a novel tool with the potential to bidirectionally drive cellular, circuit, and ultimately, behavioral changes. We used DREADDs to evaluate memory formation in a hippocampus-dependent task in mice and effects on synaptic physiology in the dorsal hippocampus. We expressed neuron-specific (hSyn promoter) DREADDs that were either excitatory (HM3D) or inhibitory (HM4D) in the dorsal hippocampus. As predicted, hSyn-HM3D was able to transform a subthreshold learning event into long-term memory (LTM), and hSyn-HM4D completely impaired LTM formation. Surprisingly, the opposite was observed during experiments examining the effects on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). hSyn-HM3D impaired LTP and hSyn-HM4D facilitated LTP. Follow-up experiments indicated that the hSyn-HM3D-mediated depression of fEPSP appears to be driven by presynaptic activation of inhibitory currents, whereas the hSyn-HM4D-mediated increase of fEPSP is induced by a reduction in GABAA receptor function. To determine whether these observations were promoter specific, we next examined the effects of using the CaMKIIα promoter that limits expression to forebrain excitatory neurons. CaMKIIα-HM3D in the dorsal hippocampus led to the transformation of a subthreshold learning event into LTM, whereas CaMKIIα-HM4D blocked LTM formation. Consistent with these findings, baseline synaptic transmission and LTP was increased in CaMKIIα-HM3D hippocampal slices, whereas slices from CaMKIIα-HM4D mice produced expected decreases in baseline synaptic transmission and LTP. Together, these experiments further demonstrate DREADDs as being a robust and reliable means of modulating neuronal function to manipulate long-term changes in behavior, while providing evidence for specific dissociations between LTM and LTP. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study evaluates the efficacy of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drug (DREADDs) as a means of bidirectionally modulating the hippocampus in not only a hippocampus-dependent task but also in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. This is the first study to evaluate the effects of DREADD-mediated inhibition and excitation in hippocampal long-term potentiation. More specifically, this study evaluates the effect of promoter-specific expression of DREADD viruses in a heterogenic cell population, which revealed surprising effects of different promoters. With chemogenetics becoming a more ubiquitous tool throughout studies investigating circuit-specific function, these data are of broad interest to the neuroscientific community because we have shown that promoter-specific effects can drastically alter synaptic function within a specific region, without parallel changes at the level of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J López
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - Enikö Kramár
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - Dina P Matheos
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - André O White
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - Janine Kwapis
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - Annie Vogel-Ciernia
- Davis M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 96516
| | - Keith Sakata
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - Monica Espinoza
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
| | - Marcelo A Wood
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, and
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Taurine content in different brain structures during ageing: effect on hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Amino Acids 2016; 48:1199-208. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Enomoto H, Terao Y, Kadowaki S, Nakamura K, Moriya A, Nakatani-Enomoto S, Kobayashi S, Yoshihara A, Hanajima R, Ugawa Y. Effects of l-Dopa and pramipexole on plasticity induced by QPS in human motor cortex. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2015; 122:1253-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-015-1374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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