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Taracha E, Czarna M, Turzyńska D, Maciejak P. Amphetamine-induced prolonged disturbances in tissue levels of dopamine and serotonin in the rat brain. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:596-608. [PMID: 36944909 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hallmark of psychostimulants is the persistence of neurobiological changes they produce. The difficulty in reversing long-time effects of psychostimulants use is why addiction therapy is so ineffective. This study aimed to look for such drug-induced changes that can be detected even after many weeks of abstinence. METHODS Rats were given 12 doses of amphetamine (Amph) at 1.5 mg/kg. The rewarding effect of Amph was assessed using ultrasonic vocalization. After 14 and 28 days of abstinence, tissue levels of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and their metabolites were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (Acb), dorsomedial (CPuM), and dorsolateral (CPuL) striatum. RESULTS After 28 days of abstinence, DA levels were increased in the dorsal striatum while 5-HT levels were decreased in all brain regions studied. The opposite direction of changes in DA and 5-HT tissue levels observed in the dorsal striatum may be related to the changes in the emotional state during abstinence and may contribute to the incubation of craving and relapses. Tissue levels of 5-HT and DA showed intra- and inter-structural correlations, most pronounced after 14 days of abstinence. Most of them were absent in the control group (ctrl), which may indicate that their appearance was related to the changes induced by earlier Amph administration. We did not find any associations between reward sensitivity and the persistence of Amph-induced neurochemical disturbances. CONCLUSIONS Administration of 12 moderate doses of Amph causes prolonged changes in DA and 5-HT tissue levels. The direction and severity of the changes are dependent on the brain region and the neurotransmitter studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Taracha
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Czarna
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Preclinical Research, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 5 Wilhelma Roentgena St., 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Turzyńska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Sidorov MS, Kim H, Rougie M, Williams B, Siegel JJ, Gavornik JP, Philpot BD. Visual Sequences Drive Experience-Dependent Plasticity in Mouse Anterior Cingulate Cortex. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108152. [PMID: 32937128 PMCID: PMC7536640 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of experience-dependent plasticity have been well characterized in mouse primary visual cortex (V1), including a form of potentiation driven by repeated presentations of a familiar visual sequence (“sequence plasticity”). The prefrontal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) responds to visual stimuli, yet little is known about if and how visual experience modifies ACC circuits. We find that mouse ACC exhibits sequence plasticity, but in contrast to V1, the plasticity expresses as a change in response timing, rather than a change in response magnitude. Sequence plasticity is absent in ACC, but not V1, in a mouse model of a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with intellectual disability and autism-like features. Our results demonstrate that simple sensory stimuli can be used to reveal how experience functionally (or dysfunctionally) modifies higher-order prefrontal circuits and suggest a divergence in how ACC and V1 encode familiarity. Sidorov et al. demonstrate that patterned visual input can drive experience-dependent plasticity in the timing of neural responses in mouse anterior cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Sidorov
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marie Rougie
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brittany Williams
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jennifer J Siegel
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Benjamin D Philpot
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Labouesse MA, Cola RB, Patriarchi T. GPCR-Based Dopamine Sensors-A Detailed Guide to Inform Sensor Choice for In vivo Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8048. [PMID: 33126757 PMCID: PMC7672611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how dopamine (DA) encodes behavior depends on technologies that can reliably monitor DA release in freely-behaving animals. Recently, red and green genetically encoded sensors for DA (dLight, GRAB-DA) were developed and now provide the ability to track release dynamics at a subsecond resolution, with submicromolar affinity and high molecular specificity. Combined with rapid developments in in vivo imaging, these sensors have the potential to transform the field of DA sensing and DA-based drug discovery. When implementing these tools in the laboratory, it is important to consider there is not a 'one-size-fits-all' sensor. Sensor properties, most importantly their affinity and dynamic range, must be carefully chosen to match local DA levels. Molecular specificity, sensor kinetics, spectral properties, brightness, sensor scaffold and pharmacology can further influence sensor choice depending on the experimental question. In this review, we use DA as an example; we briefly summarize old and new techniques to monitor DA release, including DA biosensors. We then outline a map of DA heterogeneity across the brain and provide a guide for optimal sensor choice and implementation based on local DA levels and other experimental parameters. Altogether this review should act as a tool to guide DA sensor choice for end-users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A. Labouesse
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Reto B. Cola
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Patriarchi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Xu K, Mo Y, Li D, Yu Q, Wang L, Lin F, Kong C, Balelang MF, Zhang A, Chen S, Dai Q, Wang J. N 6-methyladenosine demethylases Alkbh5/Fto regulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320916024. [PMID: 32426101 PMCID: PMC7222229 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320916024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a very important role in different biological processes, its function in the brain has not been fully explored. Thus, we investigated the roles of the RNA demethylases Alkbh5/Fto in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods We used a rat model and primary neuronal cell culture to study the role of m6A and Alkbh5/Fto in the cerebral cortex ischemic penumbra after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. We used Alkbh5-shRNA and Lv-Fto (in vitro) to regulate the expression of Alkbh5/Fto to study their regulation of m6A in the cerebral cortex and to study brain function after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Results We found that RNA m6A levels increased consecutive to the increase of Alkbh5 expression in both the cerebral cortex of rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion, and in primary neurons after oxygen deprivation/reoxygenation. In contrast, Fto expression decreased after these perturbations. Our results suggest that knocking down Alkbh5 can aggravate neuronal damage. This is due to the demethylation of Alkbh5 and Fto, which selectively demethylate the Bcl2 transcript, preventing Bcl2 transcript degradation and enhancing Bcl2 protein expression. Conclusion Collectively, our results demonstrate that the demethylases Alkbh5/Fto co-regulate m6A demethylation, which plays a crucial role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results provide novel insights into potential therapeutic mechanisms for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunchang Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qimin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feihong Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chang Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meita Felicia Balelang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinxue Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Junlu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China Wencheng County People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Mussio CA, Harte SE, Borszcz GS. Regional Differences Within the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Generation Versus Suppression of Pain Affect in Rats. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2019; 21:121-134. [PMID: 31201992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) modulates emotional responses to pain. Whereas, the caudal ACC (cACC) promotes expression of pain affect, the rostral ACC (rACC) contributes to its suppression. Both subdivisions receive glutamatergic innervation, and the present study evaluated the contribution of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors within these subdivisions to rats' expression of pain affect. Vocalizations that follow a brief noxious tail shock (vocalization afterdischarges, VAD) are a validated rodent model of pain affect. The threshold current for eliciting VAD was increased in a dose-dependent manner by injecting NMDA into the rACC, but performance (latency, amplitude, and duration) at threshold was not altered. Alternately, the threshold current for eliciting VAD was not altered following injection of NMDA into the cACC, but its amplitude and duration at threshold were increased in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were limited to Cg1 of the rACC and cACC, and blocked by pretreatment of the ACC with the NMDA receptor antagonist d-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate. These findings demonstrate that NMDA receptor agonism within the cACC and rACC either increases or decreases emotional responses to noxious stimulation, respectively. PERSPECTIVE: NMDA receptor activation of the rostral and caudal ACC respectively inhibited or enhanced rats' emotional response to pain. These findings mirror those obtained from human neuroimaging studies; thereby, supporting the use of this model system in evaluating the contribution of ACC to pain affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey A Mussio
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Steven E Harte
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - George S Borszcz
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
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Fischer KD, Houston ACW, Desai RI, Doyle MR, Bergman J, Mian M, Mannix R, Sulzer DL, Choi SJ, Mosharov EV, Hodgson NW, Bechtholt A, Miczek KA, Rosenberg PA. Behavioral phenotyping and dopamine dynamics in mice with conditional deletion of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 in neurons: resistance to the acute locomotor effects of amphetamine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:1371-1387. [PMID: 29468294 PMCID: PMC5999338 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE GLT-1 is the major glutamate transporter in the brain and is expressed predominantly in astrocytes but is also present in excitatory axon terminals. To understand the functional significance of GLT-1 expressed in neurons, we generated a conditional GLT-1 knockout mouse and inactivated GLT-1 in neurons using Cre-recombinase expressed under the synapsin 1 promoter, (synGLT-1 KO). OBJECTIVES Abnormalities of glutamate homeostasis have been shown to affect hippocampal-related behaviors including learning and memory as well as responses to drugs of abuse. Here, we asked whether deletion of GLT-1 specifically from neurons would affect behaviors that assessed locomotor activity, cognitive function, sensorimotor gating, social interaction, as well as amphetamine-stimulated locomotor activity. METHODS/RESULTS We found that the neuronal GLT-1 KO mice performed similarly to littermate controls in the behavioral tests we studied. Although performance in open field testing was normal, the acute locomotor response to amphetamine was significantly blunted in the synGLT-1 KO (40% of control). We found no change in amphetamine-stimulated extracellular dopamine in the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens, no change in electrically stimulated or amphetamine-induced dopamine release, and no change in dopamine tissue content. CONCLUSIONS These results support the view that GLT-1 expression in neurons is required for amphetamine-induced behavioral activation, and suggest that this phenotype is not produced through a change in dopamine uptake or release. Although GLT-1 is highly expressed in neurons in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, the tests used in this study were not able to detect a behavioral phenotype referable to hippocampal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn D Fischer
- Department of Neurology and the F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alex C W Houston
- Department of Neurology and the F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rajeev I Desai
- Preclinical Pharmacology Program, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Michelle R Doyle
- Preclinical Pharmacology Program, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Jack Bergman
- Preclinical Pharmacology Program, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Maha Mian
- Department of Neurology and the F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rebekah Mannix
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David L Sulzer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Se Joon Choi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Hodgson
- Department of Neurology and the F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anita Bechtholt
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Klaus A Miczek
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Paul A Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology and the F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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