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Lee JY, Kim HY, Martorano P, Riad A, Taylor M, Luedtke RR, Mach RH. In vitro characterization of [ 125I]HY-3-24, a selective ligand for the dopamine D3 receptor. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1380009. [PMID: 38655111 PMCID: PMC11036874 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1380009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) ligands have been studied for the possible treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, selective D3R radioligands for in vitro binding studies have been challenging to identify due to the high structural similarity between the D2R and D3R. In a prior study, we reported a new conformationally-flexible benzamide scaffold having a high affinity for D3R and excellent selectivity vs. D2R. In the current study, we characterized the in vitro binding properties of a new radioiodinated ligand, [125I]HY-3-24. Methods In vitro binding studies were conducted in cell lines expressing D3 receptors, rat striatal homogenates, and rat and non-human primate (NHP) brain tissues to measure regional brain distribution of this radioligand. Results HY-3-24 showed high potency at D3R (Ki = 0.67 ± 0.11 nM, IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.58 nM) compared to other D2-like dopamine receptor subtypes (D2R Ki = 86.7 ± 11.9 nM and D4R Ki > 1,000). The Kd (0.34 ± 0.22 nM) and Bmax (38.91 ± 2.39 fmol/mg) values of [125I]HY-3-24 were determined. In vitro binding studies in rat striatal homogenates using selective D2R and D3R antagonists confirmed the D3R selectivity of [125I]HY-3-24. Autoradiography results demonstrated that [125I]HY-3-24 specifically binds to D3Rs in the nucleus accumbens, islands of Calleja, and caudate putamen in rat and NHP brain sections. Conclusion These results suggest that [125I]HY-3-24 appears to be a novel radioligand that exhibits high affinity binding at D3R, with low binding to other D2-like dopamine receptors. It is anticipated that [125I]HY-3-24 can be used as the specific D3R radioligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Youn Lee
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ho Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Paul Martorano
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aladdin Riad
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michelle Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Robert R. Luedtke
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Robert H. Mach
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Manjarres Z, Calvo M, Pacheco R. Regulation of Pain Perception by Microbiota in Parkinson Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 76:7-36. [PMID: 37863655 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain perception involves current stimulation in peripheral nociceptive nerves and the subsequent stimulation of postsynaptic excitatory neurons in the spinal cord. Importantly, in chronic pain, the neural activity of both peripheral nociceptors and postsynaptic neurons in the central nervous system is influenced by several inflammatory mediators produced by the immune system. Growing evidence has indicated that the commensal microbiota plays an active role in regulating pain perception by either acting directly on nociceptors or indirectly through the modulation of the inflammatory activity on immune cells. This symbiotic relationship is mediated by soluble bacterial mediators or intrinsic structural components of bacteria that act on eukaryotic cells, including neurons, microglia, astrocytes, macrophages, T cells, enterochromaffin cells, and enteric glial cells. The molecular mechanisms involve bacterial molecules that act directly on neurons, affecting their excitability, or indirectly on non-neuronal cells, inducing changes in the production of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators. Importantly, Parkinson disease, a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorder that affects mainly the dopaminergic neurons implicated in the control of voluntary movements, involves not only a motor decline but also nonmotor symptomatology, including chronic pain. Of note, several recent studies have shown that Parkinson disease involves a dysbiosis in the composition of the gut microbiota. In this review, we first summarize, integrate, and classify the molecular mechanisms implicated in the microbiota-mediated regulation of chronic pain. Second, we analyze the changes on the commensal microbiota associated to Parkinson disease and propose how these changes affect the development of chronic pain in this pathology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The microbiota regulates chronic pain through the action of bacterial signals into two main locations: the peripheral nociceptors and the postsynaptic excitatory neurons in the spinal cord. The dysbiosis associated to Parkinson disease reveals increased representation of commensals that potentially exacerbate chronic pain and reduced levels of bacteria with beneficial effects on pain. This review encourages further research to better understand the signals involved in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host communication to get the clues for the development of probiotics with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulmary Manjarres
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., R.P.); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Z.M., M.C.) and División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina (M.C.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., M.C.); and Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (R.P.)
| | - Margarita Calvo
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., R.P.); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Z.M., M.C.) and División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina (M.C.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., M.C.); and Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (R.P.)
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., R.P.); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (Z.M., M.C.) and División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina (M.C.), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain, Santiago, Chile (Z.M., M.C.); and Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (R.P.)
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Raafat RS, Habib MZ, AbdElfattah AA, Olama NK, Abdelraouf SM, Hendawy N, Kamal KA, Nawishy SA, Aboul-Fotouh S. Amisulpride attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced cognitive deficits via modulating hippocampal Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling in Wistar rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110945. [PMID: 37716161 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is a general term describing cognitive dysfunction during/after treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. CICI represents a significant medical problem due to its increasing prevalence with the lack of robust therapeutic approaches. This study aimed at investigating the effects of chronic treatment with amisulpride (5 mg/kg/day) in the management of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced cognitive deficits in Wistar rats. Rats received 5 intraperitoneal injections of 5-FU (25 mg/kg every 3 days). 5-FU treatment induced impairments in spatial learning (reduction in object location discrimination ratio) and non-spatial learning (reduction in novel object recognition discrimination ratio). Moreover, 5-FU induced a decrease in the activity of the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway with a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in the hippocampus. These changes were associated with an increase in the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), in hippocampal tissue sections accompanied by a decrease in the number of Ki-67 positive cells (indicating a decrease in proliferative capacity), a decrease in the Nissl's granules optical density (denoting neurodegeneration), a decrease in the number of viable intact neurons with an increase in the expression of β-amyloid and caspase-3. Amisulpride enhanced Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling, increased BDNF levels, and abrogated 5-FU-induced neuroinflammation, apoptosis, β-amyloid accumulation, and neurodegenerative changes with an improvement of cognitive performance. This study draws attention to the pro-cognitive effects of amisulpride in 5-FU-exposed rats that could be attributed to enhancing hippocampal Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, and this could offer a promising therapeutic option for subjects with CICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa S Raafat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z Habib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, El-Tor, South Sinai, Egypt.
| | - Amany A AbdElfattah
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, El-Tor, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Nouran K Olama
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Abdelraouf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nevien Hendawy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Kamal
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Nawishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Aboul-Fotouh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Furgiuele A, Pereira FC, Martini S, Marino F, Cosentino M. Dopaminergic regulation of inflammation and immunity in Parkinson's disease: friend or foe? Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1469. [PMID: 37781343 PMCID: PMC10540835 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting 7-10 million people worldwide. Currently, there is no treatment available to prevent or delay PD progression, partially due to the limited understanding of the pathological events which lead to the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the brain, which is known to be the cause of PD symptoms. The current available treatments aim at compensating dopamine (DA) deficiency in the brain using its precursor levodopa, dopaminergic agonists and some indirect dopaminergic agents. The immune system is emerging as a critical player in PD. Therefore, immune-based approaches have recently been proposed to be used as potential antiparkinsonian agents. It has been well-known that dopaminergic pathways play a significant role in regulating immune responses in the brain. Although dopaminergic agents are the primary antiparkinsonian treatments, their immune regulatory effect has yet to be fully understood. The present review summarises the current available evidence of the immune regulatory effects of DA and its mimics and discusses dopaminergic agents as antiparkinsonian drugs. Based on the current understanding of their involvement in the regulation of neuroinflammation in PD, we propose that targeting immune pathways involved in PD pathology could offer a better treatment outcome for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Furgiuele
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Frederico C Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC)CoimbraPortugal
| | - Stefano Martini
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Franca Marino
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
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5
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Pla-Tenorio J, Roig AM, García-Cesaní PA, Santiago LA, Sepulveda-Orengo MT, Noel RJ. Astrocytes: Role in pathogenesis and effect of commonly misused drugs in the HIV infected brain. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:100108. [PMID: 38020814 PMCID: PMC10663134 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of astrocytes as reservoirs and producers of a subset of viral proteins in the HIV infected brain have been studied extensively as a key to understanding HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, their comprehensive role in the context of intersecting substance use and neurocircuitry of the reward pathway and HAND has yet to be fully explained. Use of methamphetamines, cocaine, or opioids in the context of HIV infection have been shown to lead to a faster progression of HAND. Glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and GABAergic systems are implicated in the development of HAND-induced cognitive impairments. A thorough review of scientific literature exploring the variety of mechanisms in which these drugs exert their effects on the HIV brain and astrocytes has revealed marked areas of convergence in overexcitation leading to increased drug-seeking behavior, inflammation, apoptosis, and irreversible neurotoxicity. The present review investigates astrocytes, the neural pathways, and mechanisms of drug disruption that ultimately play a larger holistic role in terms of HIV progression and drug use. There are opportunities for future research, therapeutic intervention, and preventive strategies to diminish HAND in the subset population of patients with HIV and substance use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn Pla-Tenorio
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
| | - Angela M. Roig
- Seattle Children's Hospital, MS OC.7.830, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105-0371, United States
| | - Paulina A. García-Cesaní
- Bella Vista Hospital, Family Medicine Residency, Carr. 349 Km 2.7, Cerro Las Mesas, Mayaguez, PR, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis A. Santiago
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
| | - Marian T. Sepulveda-Orengo
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
| | - Richard J. Noel
- Ponce Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, 395 Industrial Reparada, Zona 2, Ponce, PR, 00716, Puerto Rico
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6
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Liu H, Zhang X, Shi P, Yuan J, Jia Q, Pi C, Chen T, Xiong L, Chen J, Tang J, Yue R, Liu Z, Shen H, Zuo Y, Wei Y, Zhao L. α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: a key receptor in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway exerting an antidepressant effect. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:84. [PMID: 36973813 PMCID: PMC10041767 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mental illness, which is related to monoamine neurotransmitters and the dysfunction of the cholinergic, immune, glutamatergic, and neuroendocrine systems. The hypothesis of monoamine neurotransmitters is one of the commonly recognized pathogenic mechanisms of depression; however, the drugs designed based on this hypothesis have not achieved good clinical results. A recent study demonstrated that depression and inflammation were strongly correlated, and the activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR)-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) in the cholinergic system exhibited good therapeutic effects against depression. Therefore, anti-inflammation might be a potential direction for the treatment of depression. Moreover, it is also necessary to further reveal the key role of inflammation and α7 nAChR in the pathogenesis of depression. This review focused on the correlations between inflammation and depression as well-discussed the crucial role of α7 nAChR in the CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Liu
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- grid.469520.c0000 0004 1757 8917Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400065 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Shi
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Yuan
- grid.488387.8Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Jia
- grid.488387.8Ethics Committee Office, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Chao Pi
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Linjin Xiong
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Chen
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Tang
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruxu Yue
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zerong Liu
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Credit Pharmaceutical CO., Ltd., Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030 China
| | - Hongping Shen
- grid.488387.8Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zuo
- grid.488387.8Department of Comprehensive Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Yumeng Wei
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhao
- grid.488387.8Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- grid.488387.8Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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Serio R, Zizzo MG. The multiple roles of dopamine receptor activation in the modulation of gastrointestinal motility and mucosal function. Auton Neurosci 2023; 244:103041. [PMID: 36372052 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2022.103041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine regulatory molecule with potential role in physiology and physiopathology of the intestinal tract. Various cellular sources of DA have been indicated as enteric neurons, immune cells, intestinal flora and gastrointestinal epithelium. Moreover, DA is produced by nutritional tyrosine. All the five DA receptors, actually described, are present throughout the gut. Current knowledge of DA in this area is reviewed, focusing on gastrointestinal function in health and during inflammation. Research on animal models and humans are reported. A major obstacle to understanding the physiologic and/or pharmacological roles of enteric DA is represented by the multiplicity of receptors involved in the responses together with many signalling pathways related to each receptor subtype. It is mandatory to map precisely the distributions of DA receptors, to determine the relevance of a receptor in a specific location in order to explore novel therapies directed to dopaminergic targets that may be useful in the control of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; ATeN (Advanced Technologies Network) Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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8
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Dong AQ, Yang YP, Jiang SM, Yao XY, Qi D, Mao CJ, Cheng XY, Wang F, Hu LF, Liu CF. Pramipexole inhibits astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome activation via Drd3-dependent autophagy in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:32-43. [PMID: 35896696 PMCID: PMC9813225 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the pathogenic processes in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole (PPX) is extensively used for PD treatment in clinics. A number of studies show that PPX exerts neuroprotection on dopaminergic (DA) neurons, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of PPX on DA neurons are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated whether PPX modulated PD-related neuroinflammation and underlying mechanisms. PD model was established in mice by bilateral striatum injection of lipopolyssaccharide (LPS). The mice were administered PPX (0.5 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p.) 3 days before LPS injection, and for 3 or 21 days after surgery, respectively, for biochemical and histological analyses. We showed that PPX administration significantly alleviated the loss of DA neurons, and suppressed the astrocyte activation and levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the substantia nigra of LPS-injected mice. Furthermore, PPX administration significantly decreased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins, i.e., cleaved forms of caspase-1, IL-1β, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruit domain (ASC) in the striatum. These results were validated in LPS+ATP-stimulated primary mouse astrocytes in vitro. Remarkably, we showed that PPX (100-400 μM) dose-dependently enhanced the autophagy activity in the astrocytes evidenced by the elevations in LC3-II and BECN1 protein expression, as well as the increase of GFP-LC3 puncta formation. The opposite effects of PPX on astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy were eliminated by Drd3 depletion. Moreover, we demonstrated that both pretreatment of astrocytes with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (40 μM) in vitro and astrocyte-specific Atg5 knockdown in vivo blocked PPX-caused inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome and protection against DA neuron damage. Altogether, this study demonstrates an anti-neuroinflammatory activity of PPX via a Drd3-dependent enhancement of autophagy activity in astrocytes, and reveals a new mechanism for the beneficial effect of PPX in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-qi Dong
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Ya-ping Yang
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China
| | - Shu-min Jiang
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Xiao-yu Yao
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Di Qi
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Cheng-jie Mao
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China
| | - Xiao-yu Cheng
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China
| | - Fen Wang
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Li-fang Hu
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Chun-feng Liu
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China ,grid.512482.8Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 China
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9
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Melo JEC, Santos TFO, Santos RS, Franco HS, Monteiro MCN, Bispo JMM, Mendonça MS, Ribeiro AM, Silva RH, Gois AM, Marchioro M, Lins LCRF, Santos JR. Aging accentuates decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity associated with the increase in the motor impairment in a model of reserpine-induced parkinsonism. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 125:102162. [PMID: 36115503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dopaminergic neuron loss. Animal models have been used to develop a better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of PD. However, these models are usually conducted with young animals diverging of the age of PD patients, suggesting a bias in translational science. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the age on rats in a progressive parkinsonism model induced by reserpine (RES). Adult (6 - 8 month-old) or elderly (18 - 24 month-old) male rats were assigned to six groups: control-elderly (CTL-ELDERLY), reserpine-elderly (RES-ELDERLY), reserpine-elderly withdrawal (RES-ELDERLY WITHDRAWAL), control-adult (CTL-ADULT), reserpine-adult (RES-ADULT), and reserpine-adult withdrawal (RES-ADULT WITHDRAWAL). Animals received 15 injections every other day of RES (0.1 mg / kg) or vehicle during 30 days. Throughout treatment, animals were evaluated in the catalepsy test (every 48 h) and open field test (24 h after the second injection), and weight assessment (every 4 days) was also made. Upon completion of behavioral tests, rat brains were collected for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical analysis. Main results demonstrated that RES-treated animals spent more time in the catalepsy bar compared with control groups, moreover the RES-elderly group showed a longer catalepsy time compared with the RES-ADULT group. A shorter time from RES treatment to the development of symptoms was observed in the RES-ADULT group, compared with the RES-ELDERLY group. In addition, RES-induced weight loss in both RES-ELDERLY and RES-ADULT when compared with their corresponding controls. Cessation of RES treatment was followed by weight gain only in the RES-ADULT group. A significant decrease in TH-immunoreactive cells was observed in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and dorsal striatum (STR) in the rats in both the RES-ADULT and RES-ELDERLY groups and in the ventral tegmental area in rats in the RES-ADULT group. Furthermore, TH immunoreactivity decrease was not reversible in SNpc and STR in the RES-ELDERLY. These results show that RES has an age-dependent effect in rats, suggesting a greater sensitivity of the dopaminergic pathway to RES with advancing age. These suggest that the RES rat model of parkinsonism can be useful in improving our knowledge on the effect of aging on neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- João E C Melo
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Thassya F O Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo S Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Heitor S Franco
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Milena C N Monteiro
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - José M M Bispo
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Mylaine S Mendonça
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Regina H Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Auderlan M Gois
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Murilo Marchioro
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Lívia C R F Lins
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - José R Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil; Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Brandi E, Torres-Garcia L, Svanbergsson A, Haikal C, Liu D, Li W, Li JY. Brain region-specific microglial and astrocytic activation in response to systemic lipopolysaccharides exposure. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:910988. [PMID: 36092814 PMCID: PMC9459169 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.910988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia cells are the macrophage population within the central nervous system, which acts as the first line of the immune defense. These cells present a high level of heterogeneity among different brain regions regarding morphology, cell density, transcriptomes, and expression of different inflammatory mediators. This region-specific heterogeneity may lead to different neuroinflammatory responses, influencing the regional involvement in several neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate microglial response in 16 brain regions. We compared different aspects of the microglial response, such as the extension of their morphological changes, sensitivity, and ability to convert an acute inflammatory response to a chronic one. Then, we investigated the synaptic alterations followed by acute and chronic inflammation in substantia nigra. Moreover, we estimated the effect of partial ablation of fractalkine CX3C receptor 1 (CX3CR1) on microglial response. In the end, we briefly investigated astrocytic heterogeneity and activation. To evaluate microglial response in different brain regions and under the same stimulus, we induced a systemic inflammatory reaction through a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). We performed our study using C57BL6 and CX3CR1+/GFP mice to investigate microglial response in different regions and the impact of CX3CR1 partial ablation. We conducted a topographic study quantifying microglia alterations in 16 brain regions through immunohistochemical examination and computational image analysis. Assessing Iba1-immunopositive profiles and the density of the microglia cells, we have observed significant differences in region-specific responses of microglia populations in all parameters considered. Our results underline the peculiar microglial inflammation in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr). Here and in concomitance with the acute inflammatory response, we observed a transient decrease of dopaminergic dendrites and an alteration of the striato-nigral projections. Additionally, we found a significant decrease in microglia response and the absence of chronic inflammation in CX3CR1+/GFP mice compared to the wild-type ones, suggesting the CX3C axis as a possible pharmacological target against neuroinflammation induced by an increase of systemic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) or/and LPS. Finally, we investigated astrocytic heterogeneity in this model. We observed different distribution and morphology of GFAP-positive astrocytes, a heterogeneous response under inflammatory conditions, and a decrease in their activation in CX3CR1 partially ablated mice compared with C57BL6 mice. Altogether, our data confirm that microglia and astrocytes heterogeneity lead to a region-specific inflammatory response in presence of a systemic TNFα or/and LPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Brandi
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Laura Torres-Garcia
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Svanbergsson
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Haikal
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Di Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Li
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-Yi Li, ,
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11
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Gopinath A, Mackie P, Hashimi B, Buchanan AM, Smith AR, Bouchard R, Shaw G, Badov M, Saadatpour L, Gittis A, Ramirez-Zamora A, Okun MS, Streit WJ, Hashemi P, Khoshbouei H. DAT and TH expression marks human Parkinson's disease in peripheral immune cells. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:72. [PMID: 35672374 PMCID: PMC9174333 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by a loss of dopamine neurons, decreased dopamine transporter (DAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression. However, this validation approach cannot be used for diagnostic, drug effectiveness or investigational purposes in human patients because midbrain tissue is accessible postmortem. PD pathology affects both the central nervous and peripheral immune systems. Therefore, we immunophenotyped blood samples of PD patients for the presence of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and discovered that DAT+/TH+ monocytic MDSCs, but not granulocytic MDSCs are increased, suggesting a targeted immune response to PD. Because in peripheral immune cells DAT activity underlies an immune suppressive mechanism, we investigated whether expression levels of DAT and TH in the peripheral immune cells marks PD. We found drug naïve PD patients exhibit differential DAT+/TH+ expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) compared to aged/sex matched healthy subjects. While total PBMCs are not different between the groups, the percentage of DAT+/TH+ PBMCs was significantly higher in drug naïve PD patients compared to healthy controls irrespective of age, gender, disease duration, disease severity or treatment type. Importantly, treatment for PD negatively modulates DAT+/TH+ expressing PBMCs. Neither total nor the percentage of DAT+/TH+ PBMCs were altered in the Alzheimer's disease cohort. The mechanistic underpinning of this discovery in human PD was revealed when these findings were recapitulated in animal models of PD. The reverse translational experimental strategy revealed that alterations in dopaminergic markers in peripheral immune cells are due to the disease associated changes in the CNS. Our study demonstrates that the dopaminergic machinery on peripheral immune cells displays an association with human PD, with exciting implications in facilitating diagnosis and investigation of human PD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Phillip Mackie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Basil Hashimi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Aidan R Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Gerry Shaw
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- EnCor Biotechnology, Inc, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Martin Badov
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leila Saadatpour
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Aryn Gittis
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora
- Department of Neurology, Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, UF Health, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael S Okun
- Department of Neurology, Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, UF Health, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wolfgang J Streit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Parastoo Hashemi
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Marchetti B, Giachino C, Tirolo C, Serapide MF. "Reframing" dopamine signaling at the intersection of glial networks in the aged Parkinsonian brain as innate Nrf2/Wnt driver: Therapeutical implications. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13575. [PMID: 35262262 PMCID: PMC9009237 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) signaling via G protein-coupled receptors is a multifunctional neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine-immune modulator. The DA nigrostriatal pathway, which controls the motor coordination, progressively degenerates in Parkinson's disease (PD), a most common neurodegenerative disorder (ND) characterized by a selective, age-dependent loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) neurons, where DA itself is a primary source of oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment, intersecting astrocyte and microglial inflammatory networks. Importantly, glia acts as a preferential neuroendocrine-immune DA target, in turn, counter-modulating inflammatory processes. With a major focus on DA intersection within the astrocyte-microglial inflammatory network in PD vulnerability, we herein first summarize the characteristics of DA signaling systems, the propensity of DA neurons to oxidative stress, and glial inflammatory triggers dictating the vulnerability to PD. Reciprocally, DA modulation of astrocytes and microglial reactivity, coupled to the synergic impact of gene-environment interactions, then constitute a further level of control regulating midbrain DA neuron (mDAn) survival/death. Not surprisingly, within this circuitry, DA converges to modulate nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of cellular defense against oxidative stress and inflammation, and Wingless (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling, a key pathway for mDAn neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and immunomodulation, adding to the already complex "signaling puzzle," a novel actor in mDAn-glial regulatory machinery. Here, we propose an autoregulatory feedback system allowing DA to act as an endogenous Nrf2/Wnt innate modulator and trace the importance of DA receptor agonists applied to the clinic as immune modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC)Pharmacology SectionMedical SchoolUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
- OASI Research Institute‐IRCCS, Troina (EN), ItalyTroinaItaly
| | | | - Cataldo Tirolo
- OASI Research Institute‐IRCCS, Troina (EN), ItalyTroinaItaly
| | - Maria F. Serapide
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC)Pharmacology SectionMedical SchoolUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
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13
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Thomas Broome S, Castorina A. The anxiolytic Drug Buspirone Prevents Rotenone-Induced Toxicity in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031845. [PMID: 35163768 PMCID: PMC8837189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A pharmacological and genetic blockade of the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) has shown to be neuroprotective in models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The anxiolytic drug buspirone, a serotonin receptor 1A agonist, also functions as a potent D3R antagonist. To test if buspirone elicited neuroprotective activities, C57BL/6 mice were subjected to rotenone treatment (10mg/kg i.p for 21 days) to induce PD-like pathology and were co-treated with increasing dosages of buspirone (1, 3, or 10 mg/kg i.p.) to determine if the drug could prevent rotenone-induced damage to the central nervous system (CNS). We found that high dosages of buspirone prevented the behavioural deficits caused by rotenone in the open field test. Molecular and histological analyses confirmed that 10 mg/kg of buspirone prevented the degeneration of TH-positive neurons. Buspirone attenuated the induction of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 expression by rotenone, and this was paralleled by the upregulation of arginase-1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) in the midbrain, striatum, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. Buspirone treatment also improved mitochondrial function and antioxidant activities. Lastly, the drug prevented the disruptions in the expression of two neuroprotective peptides, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). These results pinpoint the neuroprotective efficacy of buspirone against rotenone toxicity, suggesting its potential use as a therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, such as PD.
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14
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Prado C, Osorio-Barrios F, Falcón P, Espinoza A, Saez JJ, Yuseff MI, Pacheco R. Dopaminergic stimulation leads B-cell infiltration into the central nervous system upon autoimmunity. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:292. [PMID: 34920747 PMCID: PMC8680379 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence has shown dopamine as a major regulator of inflammation. Accordingly, dopaminergic regulation of immune cells plays an important role in the physiopathology of inflammatory disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease involving a CD4+ T-cell-driven autoimmune response to central nervous system (CNS) derived antigens. Evidence from animal models has suggested that B cells play a fundamental role as antigen-presenting cells (APC) re-stimulating CD4+ T cells in the CNS as well as regulating T-cell response by mean of inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we addressed the role of the dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), which displays the highest affinity for dopamine, in B cells in animal models of MS. METHODS Mice harbouring Drd3-deficient or Drd3-sufficient B cells were generated by bone marrow transplantation into recipient mice devoid of B cells. In these mice, we compared the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by immunization with a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-derived peptide (pMOG), a model that leads to CNS-autoimmunity irrespective of the APC-function of B cells, or by immunization with full-length human MOG protein (huMOG), a model in which antigen-specific activated B cells display a fundamental APC-function in the CNS. APC-function was assessed in vitro by pulsing B cells with huMOG-coated beads and then co-culturing with MOG-specific T cells. RESULTS Our data show that the selective Drd3 deficiency in B cells abolishes the disease development in the huMOG-induced EAE model. Mechanistic analysis indicates that although DRD3-signalling did not affect the APC-function of B cells, DRD3 favours the CNS-tropism in a subset of pro-inflammatory B cells in the huMOG-induced EAE model, an effect that was associated with higher CXCR3 expression. Conversely, the results show that the selective Drd3 deficiency in B cells exacerbates the disease severity in the pMOG-induced EAE model. Further analysis shows that DRD3-stimulation increased the expression of the CNS-homing molecule CD49d in a B-cell subset with anti-inflammatory features, thus attenuating EAE manifestation in the pMOG-induced EAE model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that DRD3 in B cells exerts a dual role in CNS-autoimmunity, favouring CNS-tropism of pro-inflammatory B cells with APC-function and promoting CNS-homing of B cells with anti-inflammatory features. Thus, these results show DRD3-signalling in B cells as a critical regulator of CNS-autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Prado
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510156, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Osorio-Barrios
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Falcón
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan José Saez
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Yuseff
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510156, Santiago, Chile.
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15
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Li M, Zhou L, Sun X, Yang Y, Zhang C, Wang T, Fu F. Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112458. [PMID: 34847478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a crucial neurotransmitter that plays an important role in maintaining physiological function in human body. In the past, most studies focused on the relationship between the dopaminergic system and neurological-related diseases. However, it has been found recently that DA is an immunomodulatory mediator and many immune cells express dopamine receptors (DRs). Some immune cells can synthesize and secrete DA and then participate in regulating immune function. DRs agonists or antagonists can improve the dysfunction of immune system through classical G protein signaling pathways or other non-receptor-dependent pathways. This article will discuss the relationship between the dopaminergic system and the immune system. It will also review the use of DRs agonists or antagonists to treat chronic and acute inflammatory diseases and corresponding immunomodulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Yunqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
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16
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Liu Z, Zhai XR, Du ZS, Xu FF, Huang Y, Wang XQ, Qiu YH, Peng YP. Dopamine receptor D2 on CD4 + T cells is protective against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 98:110-121. [PMID: 34403737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.08.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. Recently, neuroinflammation driven by CD4+ T cells has been involved in PD pathophysiology. Human and murine lymphocytes express all the five subtypes of dopamine receptors (DRs), DRD1 to DRD5. However, roles of DRs particularly DRD2 expressed on CD4+ T cells in PD remain elucidated. Global Drd1- or Drd2-knockout (Drd1-/- or Drd2-/-) mice or CD4+ T cell-specific Drd2-knockout (Drd2fl/fl/CD4Cre) mice were intraperitoneally injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to induce PD with the different mutants. On the 7th day following MPTP injection, mice were assessed for dopaminergic neurodegeneration, locomotor impairments, microglial activation, as well as CD4+ T-cell differentiation and function. Furthermore, in vitro CD4+ T cells were exposed to DRD2 agonist and antagonist and then differentiation and function of the cells were determined. MPTP induced dopaminergic neuronal loss in the nigrostriatal system, motor coordinative and behavioral impairments, microglial activation, and CD4+ T-cell polarization to pro-inflammatory T-helper (Th)1 and Th17 phenotypes. Importantly, either Drd2-/- or Drd2fl/fl/CD4Cre mice manifested more severe dopaminergic neurodegeneration, motor deficits, microglial activation, and CD4+ T-cell bias towards Th1 and Th17 phenotypes in response to MPTP, but Drd1-/- did not further alter MPTP intoxication. DRD2 agonist sumanirole inhibited shift of CD4+ T cells obtained from MPTP-intoxicated mice to Th1 and Th17 phenotypes and DRD2 antagonist L-741,626 reversed sumanirole effects. These findings suggest that DRD2 expressed on CD4+ T cells is protective against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in PD. Thus, developing a therapeutic strategy of stimulating DRD2 may be promising for mitigation of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiao-Run Zhai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhong-Shuai Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Fen-Fen Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yi-Hua Qiu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China.
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17
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Astrocyte-neuron signaling in the mesolimbic dopamine system: the hidden stars of dopamine signaling. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1864-1872. [PMID: 34253855 PMCID: PMC8429665 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are fundamental components of brain information processing and possess the ability to respond to synaptic signaling with increases in cytoplasmic calcium and modulate neuronal activity with the subsequent release of neuroactive transmitters. Dopamine signaling is essential for brain physiology and pathology, participating in learning and memory, motor control, neurological diseases, and psychiatric diseases, and astrocytes are emerging as a key cellular target of dopamine signaling. The present review will examine evidence revealing that astrocytes respond to dopamine and modulate information processing in the primary brain regions implicated in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Astrocytes exhibit circuit-specific modulation of neuronal networks and have the potential to serve as a therapeutic target for interventions designed for dopamine pathologies.
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18
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Gloria Y, Ceyzériat K, Tsartsalis S, Millet P, Tournier BB. Dopaminergic dysfunction in the 3xTg-AD mice model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19412. [PMID: 34593951 PMCID: PMC8484608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid (Aβ) protein aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles accumulation, accompanied by neuroinflammation. With all the therapeutic attempts targeting these biomarkers having been unsuccessful, the understanding of early mechanisms involved in the pathology is of paramount importance. Dopaminergic system involvement in AD has been suggested, particularly through the appearance of dopaminergic dysfunction-related neuropsychiatric symptoms and an overall worsening of cognitive and behavioral symptoms. In this study, we reported an early dopaminergic dysfunction in a mouse model presenting both amyloid and Tau pathology. 3xTg-AD mice showed an increase of postsynaptic D2/3R receptors density in the striatum and D2/3-autoreceptors in SN/VTA cell bodies. Functionally, a reduction of anxiety-like behavior, an increase in locomotor activity and D2R hyper-sensitivity to quinpirole stimulation have been observed. In addition, microglial cells in the striatum showed an early inflammatory response, suggesting its participation in dopaminergic alterations. These events are observed at an age when tau accumulation and Aβ deposits in the hippocampus are low. Thus, our results suggest that early dopaminergic dysfunction could have consequences in behavior and cognitive function, and may shed light on future therapeutic pathways of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesica Gloria
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Ceyzériat
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Nuclear Medicine, Diagnostic Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stergios Tsartsalis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philippe Millet
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie, 64, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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19
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Turk AZ, Lotfi Marchoubeh M, Fritsch I, Maguire GA, SheikhBahaei S. Dopamine, vocalization, and astrocytes. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2021; 219:104970. [PMID: 34098250 PMCID: PMC8260450 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2021.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine, the main catecholamine neurotransmitter in the brain, is predominately produced in the basal ganglia and released to various brain regions including the frontal cortex, midbrain and brainstem. Dopamine's effects are widespread and include modulation of a number of voluntary and innate behaviors. Vigilant regulation and modulation of dopamine levels throughout the brain is imperative for proper execution of motor behaviors, in particular speech and other types of vocalizations. While dopamine's role in motor circuitry is widely accepted, its unique function in normal and abnormal speech production is not fully understood. In this perspective, we first review the role of dopaminergic circuits in vocal production. We then discuss and propose the conceivable involvement of astrocytes, the numerous star-shaped glia cells of the brain, in the dopaminergic network modulating normal and abnormal vocal productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Z Turk
- Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA
| | - Mahsa Lotfi Marchoubeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701 AR, USA
| | - Ingrid Fritsch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701 AR, USA
| | - Gerald A Maguire
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, 92521 CA, USA
| | - Shahriar SheikhBahaei
- Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA.
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20
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Assessing the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Anxiolytic Drug Buspirone Using CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing in LPS-Stimulated BV-2 Microglial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061312. [PMID: 34070429 PMCID: PMC8229595 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Buspirone is an anxiolytic drug with robust serotonin receptor 1A (Htr1a) agonist activities. However, evidence has demonstrated that this drug also targets the dopamine D3 receptor (Drd3), where it acts as a potent antagonist. In vivo, Drd3 blockade is neuroprotective and reduces inflammation in models of Parkinson’s disease. To test if buspirone also elicited anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, we generated stable Drd3−/− and Htr1a−/− BV2 microglial cell lines using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and then tested the effects of buspirone after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. We found that LPS exposure had no effect on cell viability, except in Htr1a−/− cells, where viability was reduced (p < 0.001). Drug treatment reduced viability in Drd3−/− cells, but not in WT or Htr1a−/− cells. Buspirone counteracted LPS-induced NO release, NOS2, IL-1β and TNF-α gene expression in WT cells, whereas it exerted limited effects in Drd3−/− or Htr1a−/− microglia. In summary, our findings indicate that buspirone attenuates microglial polarization after LPS challenge. These results also highlight some major effects of Drd3 or Htr1a genetic ablation on microglial biology, raising important questions on the complex role of neurotransmitters in regulating microglia functions.
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21
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Cheslow L, Snook AE, Waldman SA. Emerging targets for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease: examination of systemic biomarkers. Biomark Med 2021; 15:597-608. [PMID: 33988462 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly prevalent and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that is typically diagnosed in an advanced stage. Currently, there are no approved biomarkers that reliably identify PD patients before they have undergone extensive neuronal damage, eliminating the opportunity for future disease-modifying therapies to intervene in disease progression. This unmet need for diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers has fueled PD research for decades, but these efforts have not yet yielded actionable results. Recently, studies exploring mechanisms underlying PD progression have offered insights into multisystemic contributions to pathology, challenging the classic perspective of PD as a disease isolated to the brain. This shift in understanding has opened the door to potential new biomarkers from multiple sites in the body. This review focuses on emerging candidates for PD biomarkers in the context of current diagnostic approaches and multiple organ systems that contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cheslow
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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22
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Dopaminergic signalling limits suppressive activity and gut homing of regulatory T cells upon intestinal inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:652-666. [PMID: 33184477 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients and animal models has indicated that gut inflammation is driven by effector CD4+ T-cell, including Th1 and Th17. Conversely, Treg seem to be dysfunctional in IBD. Importantly, dopamine, which is abundant in the gut mucosa under homoeostasis, undergoes a sharp reduction upon intestinal inflammation. Here we analysed the role of the high-affinity dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) in gut inflammation. Our results show that Drd3 deficiency confers a stronger immunosuppressive potency to Treg, attenuating inflammatory colitis manifestation in mice. Mechanistic analyses indicated that DRD3-signalling attenuates IL-10 production and limits the acquisition of gut-tropism. Accordingly, the ex vivo transduction of wild-type Treg with a siRNA for Drd3 induced a potent therapeutic effect abolishing gut inflammation. Thus, our findings show DRD3-signalling as a major regulator of Treg upon gut inflammation.
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23
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Franco R, Reyes-Resina I, Navarro G. Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter. Biomedicines 2021; 9:109. [PMID: 33499192 PMCID: PMC7911410 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is derived from an amino acid, phenylalanine, which must be obtained through the diet. Dopamine, known primarily to be a neurotransmitter involved in almost any higher executive action, acts through five types of G-protein-coupled receptors. Dopamine has been studied extensively for its neuronal handling, synaptic actions, and in relation to Parkinson's disease. However, dopamine receptors can be found extra-synaptically and, in addition, they are not only expressed in neurons, but in many types of mammalian cells, inside and outside the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies show a dopamine link between the gut and the CNS; the mechanisms are unknown, but they probably require cells to act as mediators and the involvement of the immune system. In fact, dopamine receptors are expressed in almost any cell of the immune system where dopamine regulates various processes, such as antigen presentation, T-cell activation, and inflammation. This likely immune cell-mediated linkage opens up a new perspective for the use of dopamine-related drugs, i.e., agonist-antagonist-allosteric modulators of dopamine receptors, in a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Franco
- Neurodegenerative Diseases, CiberNed. Network Research Center, Spanish National Health Institute Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Neurodegenerative Diseases, CiberNed. Network Research Center, Spanish National Health Institute Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Neurodegenerative Diseases, CiberNed. Network Research Center, Spanish National Health Institute Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Calovi S, Mut-Arbona P, Tod P, Iring A, Nicke A, Mato S, Vizi ES, Tønnesen J, Sperlagh B. P2X7 Receptor-Dependent Layer-Specific Changes in Neuron-Microglia Reactivity in the Prefrontal Cortex of a Phencyclidine Induced Mouse Model of Schizophrenia. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:566251. [PMID: 33262687 PMCID: PMC7686553 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.566251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It has been consistently reported that the deficiency of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensitive purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R) ameliorates symptoms in animal models of brain diseases. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of P2X7R in rodent models of acute and subchronic schizophrenia based on phencyclidine (PCP) delivery in animals lacking or overexpressing P2X7R, and to identify the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods: The psychotomimetic effects of acute i.p. PCP administration in C57Bl/6J wild-type, P2X7R knockout (P2rx7−/−) and overexpressing (P2X7-EGFP) young adult mice were quantified. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of P2rx7−/− and heterozygous P2X7-EGFP acutely treated animals was characterized through immunohistochemical staining. The prefrontal cortices of young adult P2rx7−/− and P2rx7tg/+ mice were examined with tritiated dopamine release experiments and the functional properties of the mPFC pyramidal neurons in layer V from P2rx7−/− mice were assessed by patch-clamp recordings. P2rx7−/− animals were subjected to a 7 days subchronic systemic PCP treatment. The animals working memory performance and PFC cytokine levels were assessed. Results: Our data strengthen the hypothesis that P2X7R modulates schizophrenia-like positive and cognitive symptoms in NMDA receptor antagonist models in a receptor expression level-dependent manner. P2X7R expression leads to higher medial PFC susceptibility to PCP-induced circuit hyperactivity. The mPFC of P2X7R knockout animals displayed distinct alterations in the neuronal activation pattern, microglial organization, specifically around hyperactive neurons, and were associated with lower intrinsic excitability of mPFC neurons. Conclusions: P2X7R expression exacerbated PCP-related effects in C57Bl/6J mice. Our findings suggest a pleiotropic role of P2X7R in the mPFC, consistent with the observed behavioral phenotype, regulating basal dopamine concentration, layer-specific neuronal activation, intrinsic excitability of neurons in the mPFC, and the interaction of microglia with hyperactive neurons. Direct measurements of P2X7R activity concerning microglial ramifications and dynamics could help to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Calovi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paula Mut-Arbona
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Tod
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Iring
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susana Mato
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - E Sylvester Vizi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jan Tønnesen
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Beata Sperlagh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Amisulpride alleviates chronic mild stress-induced cognitive deficits: Role of prefrontal cortex microglia and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Campos J, Pacheco R. Involvement of dopaminergic signaling in the cross talk between the renin-angiotensin system and inflammation. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:681-696. [PMID: 32997225 PMCID: PMC7526080 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a fundamental regulator of blood pressure and has emerged as an important player in the control of inflammatory processes. Accordingly, imbalance on RAS components either systemically or locally might trigger the development of inflammatory disorders by affecting immune cells. At the same time, alterations in the dopaminergic system have been consistently involved in the physiopathology of inflammatory disorders. Accordingly, the interaction between the RAS and the dopaminergic system has been studied in the context of inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS), kidney, and intestine, where they exert antagonistic actions in the regulation of the immune system. In this review, we summarized, integrated, and discussed the cross talk of the dopaminergic system and the RAS in the regulation of inflammatory pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between both systems in the CNS and in systemic pathologies. Moreover, we also analyzed the impact of the commensal microbiota in the regulation of RAS and dopaminergic system and how it is involved in inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, we summarized the therapeutic approaches that have yielded positive results in preclinical or clinical studies regarding the use of drugs targeting the RAS and dopaminergic system for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Further understanding of the molecular and cellular regulation of the RAS-dopaminergic cross talk should allow the formulation of new therapies consisting of novel drugs and/or repurposing already existing drugs, alone or in combination, for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Campos
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, 7780272 Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, 7780272 Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile. .,Universidad San Sebastián, 7510156 Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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27
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Cheng ZY, Xia QP, Hu YH, Wang C, He L. Dopamine D1 receptor agonist A-68930 ameliorates Aβ 1-42-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106963. [PMID: 33182028 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and memory impairment. Dopamine is an important catecholaminergic neurotransmitter that controls movement, reward, motivation, and cognition. Recently, dopamine receptors were reported to regulate immune system in both periphery and central nervous system. However, whether dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) activation could improve neuroinflammation in AD conditions remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of a potent and selective DRD1 agonist A-68930 on Aβ1-42-induced mice. Here we showed that intraperitoneal injection of A-68930 significantly ameliorated Aβ1-42-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro data showed that A-68930-induced DRD1 activation significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent neuroinflammation induced by Aβ1-42, and this effect may be mediated by the activation of AMPK/autophagy signaling pathway, which enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome degradation and thus decreased the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. The present study suggests that A-68930-induced DRD1 signaling efficiently alleviates Aβ1-42-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in mice and BV2 cells, and DRD1 may become a promising therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Peng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Hui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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28
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Huang J, Hong W, Yang Z, Ding J, Ren Y. Efficacy of pramipexole combined with levodopa for Parkinson's disease treatment and their effects on QOL and serum TNF- α levels. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520922449. [PMID: 32735501 PMCID: PMC7401155 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520922449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of combining the dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole with levodopa for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment and to measure their effects on quality of life and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in PD patients. BASIC PROCEDURE In total, 160 PD patients who were admitted to our hospital were equally randomized into a control treatment group (levodopa alone) and the study group (pramipexole combined with levodopa). Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. FINDINGS After treatment, scores from the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scales (1-3), the Hamilton Depression Scale, and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were significantly decreased in both groups, whereas Mini-Mental State Examination scores were significantly increased. After treatment, the study group had significantly lower scores for all scales except the Mini-Mental State Examination, for which those who received combined treatment had significantly higher scores than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. Furthermore, after treatment, serum TNF-α levels were significantly decreased in both groups compared with pre-treatment levels. CONCLUSION Pramipexole combined with levodopa relieved PD symptoms and improved the quality of life of PD patients, potentially by suppressing serum TNF-α levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Huang
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhilong Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Ruiz-Fernández ÁR, Villanelo F, Gutierrez-Maldonado SE, Pareja-Barrueto C, Weiss-López BE, Perez-Acle T. l-DOPA modulates the kinetics but not the thermodynamic equilibrium of TTA + amphiphiles forming lyotropic nematic liquid crystals. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15366-15374. [PMID: 35495477 PMCID: PMC9052327 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) are mixtures of amphiphile molecules usually studied as mimetic of biological membrane. The equilibrium dynamics of tetradecyltrimethyl ammonium cation (TTA+) molecules forming nematic LLCs (LNLCs) is guided by a dive-in mechanism where TTA+ molecules spontaneously leave and re-enter the bicelle. Of note, this dynamic behavior could be exploited to produce drug nano-delivery systems based on LNLCs. Therefore, the understanding of the effect of pharmaceutically interesting molecules in the dynamics of the dive-in mechanism should be crucial for drug delivery applications. In this work, we studied the effects of l-DOPA in the equilibrium dynamics of TTA+ bicelles forming LNLCs, employing a transdisciplinary approach based on 2H-NMR together with molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations. Our data suggest that l-DOPA perturbs the kinetic of the dive-in mechanism but not the thermodynamics of this process. As whole, our results provide fundamental insights on the mechanisms by which l-DOPA govern the equilibrium of LNLCs bicelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro R Ruiz-Fernández
- Computational Biology Lab, Fundación Ciencia & Vida Santiago Chile
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Casilla 653 Santiago Chile
| | - Felipe Villanelo
- Computational Biology Lab, Fundación Ciencia & Vida Santiago Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
| | - Sebastian E Gutierrez-Maldonado
- Computational Biology Lab, Fundación Ciencia & Vida Santiago Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
| | - Claudia Pareja-Barrueto
- Computational Biology Lab, Fundación Ciencia & Vida Santiago Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
| | - Boris E Weiss-López
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Casilla 653 Santiago Chile
| | - Tomas Perez-Acle
- Computational Biology Lab, Fundación Ciencia & Vida Santiago Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
- Universidad San Sebastian Carmen Sylva 2444 Santiago 7510156 Chile
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30
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Vidal PM, Pacheco R. The Cross-Talk Between the Dopaminergic and the Immune System Involved in Schizophrenia. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:394. [PMID: 32296337 PMCID: PMC7137825 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is one of the neurotransmitters whose transmission is altered in a number of neural pathways in the brain of schizophrenic patients. Current evidence indicates that these alterations involve hyperactive dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic areas, striatum, and hippocampus, whereas hypoactive dopaminergic transmission has been reported in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients. Consequently, schizophrenia is associated with several cognitive and behavioral alterations. Of note, the immune system has been found to collaborate with the central nervous system in a number of cognitive and behavioral functions, which are dysregulated in schizophrenia. Moreover, emerging evidence has associated schizophrenia and inflammation. Importantly, different lines of evidence have shown dopamine as a major regulator of inflammation. In this regard, dopamine might exert strong regulation in the activity, migration, differentiation, and proliferation of immune cells that have been shown to contribute to cognitive functions, including T-cells, microglial cells, and peripheral monocytes. Thereby, alterations in dopamine levels associated to schizophrenia might affect inflammatory response of immune cells and consequently some behavioral functions, including reference memory, learning, social behavior, and stress resilience. Altogether these findings support the involvement of an active cross-talk between the dopaminergic and immune systems in the physiopathology of schizophrenia. In this review we summarize, integrate, and discuss the current evidence indicating the involvement of an altered dopaminergic regulation of immunity in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia M Vidal
- Department of Basic Science, Biomedical Science Research Lab, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
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31
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The parthenolide derivative ACT001 synergizes with low doses of L-DOPA to improve MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease in mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 379:112337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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32
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Thomas Broome S, Louangaphay K, Keay KA, Leggio GM, Musumeci G, Castorina A. Dopamine: an immune transmitter. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:2173-2185. [PMID: 32594028 PMCID: PMC7749467 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.284976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system controls several vital central nervous system functions, including the control of movement, reward behaviors and cognition. Alterations of dopaminergic signaling are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, in particular Parkinson’s disease, which are associated with a subtle and chronic inflammatory response. A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated the non-neuronal expression of dopamine, its receptors and of the machinery that governs synthesis, secretion and storage of dopamine across several immune cell types. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the role and expression of dopamine in immune cells. One of the goals is to decipher the complex mechanisms through which these cell types respond to dopamine, in order to address the impact this has on neurodegenerative and psychiatric pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease. A further aim is to illustrate the gaps in our understanding of the physiological roles of dopamine to encourage more targeted research focused on understanding the consequences of aberrant dopamine production on immune regulation. These highlights may prompt scientists in the field to consider alternative functions of this important neurotransmitter when targeting neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Thomas Broome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Krystal Louangaphay
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kevin A Keay
- Laboratory of Neural Structure and Function (LNSF), School of Medical Sciences, (Anatomy and Histology), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney; Laboratory of Neural Structure and Function (LNSF), School of Medical Sciences, (Anatomy and Histology), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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33
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Yang P, Perlmutter JS, Benzinger TLS, Morris JC, Xu J. Dopamine D3 receptor: A neglected participant in Parkinson Disease pathogenesis and treatment? Ageing Res Rev 2020; 57:100994. [PMID: 31765822 PMCID: PMC6939386 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms which relentlessly and progressively lead to substantial disability and economic burden. Pathologically, these symptoms follow the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) associated with abnormal α-synuclein (α-Syn) deposition as cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies in pigmented brainstem nuclei, and in dystrophic neurons in striatal and cortical regions (Lewy neurites). Pharmacotherapy for PD focuses on improving quality of life and primarily targets dopaminergic pathways. Dopamine acts through two families of receptors, dopamine D1-like and dopamine D2-like; dopamine D3 receptors (D3R) belong to dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) family. Although D3R's precise role in the pathophysiology and treatment of PD has not been determined, we present evidence suggesting an important role for D3R in the early development and occurrence of PD. Agonist activation of D3R increases dopamine concentration, decreases α-Syn accumulation, enhances secretion of brain derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF), ameliorates neuroinflammation, alleviates oxidative stress, promotes neurogenesis in the nigrostriatal pathway, interacts with D1R to reduce PD associated motor symptoms and ameliorates side effects of levodopa (L-DOPA) treatment. Furthermore, D3R mutations can predict PD age of onset and prognosis of PD treatment. The role of D3R in PD merits further research. This review elucidates the potential role of D3R in PD pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jinbin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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34
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Microglial activation contributes to depressive-like behavior in dopamine D3 receptor knockout mice. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 83:226-238. [PMID: 31626970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) inhibitor, NGB2904, increases susceptibility to depressive-like symptoms, elevates pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and alters brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in mesolimbic dopaminergic regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in mice. The mechanisms by which D3R inhibition affects neuroinflammation and onset of depression remain unclear. Here, using D3R-knockout (D3RKO) and congenic wild-type C56BL/6 (WT) mice, we demonstrated that D3RKO mice displayed depressive-like behaviors, increased tumornecrosisfactor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 levels, and altered BDNF expression in selected mesolimbic dopaminergic regions. D3R expression was localized to astrocytes or microglia in the mPFC, NAc, and VTA in WT mice. D3RKO mice exhibited a large number of Iba1-labelled microglia in the absence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-labelled astrocytes in mesolimbic dopaminergic brain areas. Inhibition or ablation of microglia by minocycline (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) or PLX3397 (40 mg/kg) treatment ameliorated depressive-like symptoms, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and BDNF expression in the indicated brain regions in D3RKO mice. Minocycline therapy alleviated the increase in synaptic density in the NAc in D3RKO mice. These findings suggest that microglial activation in selected mesolimbic reward regions affects depressive-like behaviors induced by D3R deficiency.
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35
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Montoya A, Elgueta D, Campos J, Chovar O, Falcón P, Matus S, Alfaro I, Bono MR, Pacheco R. Dopamine receptor D3 signalling in astrocytes promotes neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:258. [PMID: 31810491 PMCID: PMC6896356 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1652-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation constitutes a pathogenic process leading to neurodegeneration in several disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) and sepsis. Despite microglial cells being the central players in neuroinflammation, astrocytes play a key regulatory role in this process. Our previous results indicated that pharmacologic-antagonism or genetic deficiency of dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) attenuated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in two mouse models of PD. Here, we studied how DRD3-signalling affects the dynamic of activation of microglia and astrocyte in the context of systemic inflammation. METHODS Neuroinflammation was induced by intraperitoneal administration of LPS. The effect of genetic DRD3-deficiency or pharmacologic DRD3-antagonism in the functional phenotype of astrocytes and microglia was determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry at different time-points. RESULTS Our results show that DRD3 was expressed in astrocytes, but not in microglial cells. DRD3 deficiency resulted in unresponsiveness of astrocytes and in attenuated microglial activation upon systemic inflammation. Furthermore, similar alterations in the functional phenotypes of glial cells were observed by DRD3 antagonism and genetic deficiency of DRD3 upon LPS challenge. Mechanistic analyses show that DRD3 deficiency resulted in exacerbated expression of the anti-inflammatory protein Fizz1 in glial cells both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that DRD3 signalling regulates the dynamic of the acquisition of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory features by astrocytes and microglia, finally favouring microglial activation and promoting neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andro Montoya
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Elgueta
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Campos
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ornella Chovar
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Falcón
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510157, Santiago, Chile
| | - Soledad Matus
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510157, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Alfaro
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, 7590943, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Rosa Bono
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Zañartu #1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, 7510157, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile.
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36
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Xia QP, Cheng ZY, He L. The modulatory role of dopamine receptors in brain neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105908. [PMID: 31622861 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a general pathological feature of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, primarily caused by activation of astrocytes and microglia, as well as the infiltration of peripheral immune cells. Inhibition of neuroinflammation is an important strategy in the treatment of brain disorders. Dopamine (DA) receptor, a significant G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is classified into two families: D1-like (D1 and D5) and D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) receptor families, according to their downstream signaling pathways. Traditionally, DA receptor forms a wide variety of psychological activities and motor functions, such as voluntary movement, working memory and learning. Recently, the role of DA receptor in neuroinflammation has been investigated widely, mainly focusing on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, renin-angiotensin system, αB-crystallin, as well as invading peripheral immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and monocytes. This review briefly outlined the functions and signaling pathways of DA receptor subtypes as well as its role in inflammation-related glial cells, and subsequently summarized the mechanisms of DA receptors affecting neuroinflammation. Meaningfully, this article provided a theoretical basis for drug development targeting DA receptors in inflammation-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Peng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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37
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Elgueta D, Contreras F, Prado C, Montoya A, Ugalde V, Chovar O, Villagra R, Henríquez C, Abellanas MA, Aymerich MS, Franco R, Pacheco R. Dopamine Receptor D3 Expression Is Altered in CD4 + T-Cells From Parkinson's Disease Patients and Its Pharmacologic Inhibition Attenuates the Motor Impairment in a Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:981. [PMID: 31118938 PMCID: PMC6504698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation constitutes a fundamental process involved in Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglial cells play a central role in the outcome of neuroinflammation and consequent neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Current evidence indicates that CD4+ T-cells infiltrate the brain in PD, where they play a critical role determining the functional phenotype of microglia, thus regulating the progression of the disease. We previously demonstrated that mice bearing dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3)-deficient CD4+ T-cells are completely refractory to neuroinflammation and consequent neurodegeneration induced by the administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). In this study we aimed to determine whether DRD3-signalling is altered in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells obtained from PD patients in comparison to healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of targeting DRD3 confined to CD4+ T-cells by inducing the pharmacologic antagonism or the transcriptional inhibition of DRD3-signalling in a mouse model of PD induced by the chronic administration of MPTP and probenecid (MPTPp). In vitro analyses performed in human cells showed that the frequency of peripheral blood Th1 and Th17 cells, two phenotypes favoured by DRD3-signalling, were significantly increased in PD patients. Moreover, naïve CD4+ T-cells obtained from PD patients displayed a significant higher Th1-biased differentiation in comparison with those naïve CD4+ T-cells obtained from HC. Nevertheless, DRD3 expression was selectively reduced in CD4+ T-cells obtained from PD patients. The results obtained from in vivo experiments performed in mice show that the transference of CD4+ T-cells treated ex vivo with the DRD3-selective antagonist PG01037 into MPTPp-mice resulted in a significant reduction of motor impairment, although without significant effect in neurodegeneration. Conversely, the transference of CD4+ T-cells transduced ex vivo with retroviral particles codifying for an shRNA for DRD3 into MPTPp-mice had no effects neither in motor impairment nor in neurodegeneration. Notably, the systemic antagonism of DRD3 significantly reduced both motor impairment and neurodegeneration in MPTPp mice. Our findings show a selective alteration of DRD3-signalling in CD4+ T-cells from PD patients and indicate that the selective DRD3-antagonism in this subset of lymphocytes exerts a therapeutic effect in parkinsonian animals dampening motor impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Elgueta
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Carolina Prado
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andro Montoya
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Ugalde
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ornella Chovar
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roque Villagra
- Departamento de Ciencias Neurológicas Oriente, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Henríquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Neurológicas Oriente, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel A Abellanas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genética, Programa de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María S Aymerich
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genética, Programa de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rarael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas CiberNed, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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38
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Campos-Acuña J, Elgueta D, Pacheco R. T-Cell-Driven Inflammation as a Mediator of the Gut-Brain Axis Involved in Parkinson's Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:239. [PMID: 30828335 PMCID: PMC6384270 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting mainly the dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway, a neuronal circuit involved in the control of movements, thereby the main manifestations correspond to motor impairments. The major molecular hallmark of this disease corresponds to the presence of pathological protein inclusions called Lewy bodies in the midbrain of patients, which have been extensively associated with neurotoxic effects. Importantly, different research groups have demonstrated that CD4+ T-cells infiltrate into the substantia nigra of PD patients and animal models. Moreover, several studies have consistently demonstrated that T-cell deficiency results in a strong attenuation of dopaminergic neurodegeneration in animal models of PD, thus indicating a key role of adaptive immunity in the neurodegenerative process. Recent evidence has shown that CD4+ T-cell response involved in PD patients is directed to oxidised forms of α-synuclein, one of the main constituents of Lewy bodies. On the other hand, most PD patients present a number of non-motor manifestations. Among non-motor manifestations, gastrointestinal dysfunctions result especially important as potential early biomarkers of PD, since they are ubiquitously found among confirmed patients and occur much earlier than motor symptoms. These gastrointestinal dysfunctions include constipation and inflammation of the gut mucosa and the most distinctive pathologic features associated are the loss of neurons of the enteric nervous system and the generation of Lewy bodies in the gut. Moreover, emerging evidence has recently shown a pivotal role of gut microbiota in triggering the development of PD in genetically predisposed individuals. Of note, PD has been positively correlated with inflammatory bowel diseases, a group of disorders involving a T-cell driven inflammation of gut mucosa, which is strongly dependent in the composition of gut microbiota. Here we raised the hypothesis that T-cell driven inflammation, which mediates dopaminergic neurodegeneration in PD, is triggered in the gut mucosa. Accordingly, we discuss how structural components of commensal bacteria or how different mediators produced by gut-microbiota, including short-chain fatty acids and dopamine, may affect the behaviour of T-cells, triggering the development of T-cell responses against Lewy bodies, initially confined to the gut mucosa but later extended to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Campos-Acuña
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Elgueta
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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39
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Vidal PM, Pacheco R. Targeting the Dopaminergic System in Autoimmunity. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:57-73. [PMID: 30661214 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine has emerged as a fundamental regulator of inflammation. In this regard, it has been shown that dopaminergic signalling pathways are key players promoting homeostasis between the central nervous system and the immune system. Dysregulation in the dopaminergic system affects both innate and adaptive immunity, contributing to the development of numerous autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. This makes dopamine receptors interesting therapeutic targets for either the development of new treatments or repurposing of already available pharmacological drugs. Dopamine receptors are broadly expressed on different immune cells with multifunctional effects depending on the dopamine concentration available and the pattern of expression of five dopamine receptors displaying different affinities for dopamine. Thus, impaired dopaminergic signalling through different dopamine receptors may result in altered behaviour of immunity, contributing to the development and progression of autoimmune pathologies. In this review we discuss the current evidence involving the dopaminergic system in inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. In addition, we summarise and analyse the therapeutic approaches designed to attenuate disease development and progression by targeting the dopaminergic system. Graphical Abstract Targetting the dopaminergic system in autoimmunity. Effector T-cells (Teff) orchestrate inflamamtion involved in autoimmunity, whilst regulatory T-cells (Tregs) suppress Teff activity promoting tolerance to self-constituents. Dopamine has emerged as a key regulator of Teff and Tregs function, thereby dopamine receptors have becoming important therapeutic targets in autoimmune disorders, especially in those affecting the brain and the gut, where dopamine levels strongly change with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia M Vidal
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile.
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Ryu S, Jeon H, Koo S, Kim S. Korean Red Ginseng Enhances Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Treated Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:355. [PMID: 30459594 PMCID: PMC6232267 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of adult neurogenesis plays an important role in therapeutic strategies for various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have suggested that the enhancement of adult neurogenesis can be helpful in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we investigated whether Korean red ginseng (KRG) can enhance neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of a PD mouse model. To accomplish this, male 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were injected with vehicle or 20 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) four times at 2 h intervals. After the final injection, they were administered water or 100 mg/kg of KRG extract and injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of 5’-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine-monophosphate (BrdU) once a day for 14 consecutive days. After the last pole test, dopaminergic neuronal survival in the striatum and the substantia nigra (SN), cell proliferation in the SVZ and mRNA expression of neurotrophic factors and dopamine receptors in the striatum were evaluated. KRG administration suppressed dopaminergic neuronal death induced by MPTP in the striatum as well as the SN, augmented the number of BrdU- and BrdU/doublecortin (Dcx)-positive cells in the SVZ and enhanced the expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) and D5 mRNAs. These results suggest that KRG administration augments neurogenesis in the SVZ of the PD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ryu
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sungtae Koo
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
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Gadhiya S, Cordone P, Pal RK, Gallicchio E, Wickstrom L, Kurtzman T, Ramsey S, Harding WW. New Dopamine D3-Selective Receptor Ligands Containing a 6-Methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-7-ol Motif. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:990-995. [PMID: 30344905 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of analogues featuring a 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-7-ol unit as the arylamine "head" group of a classical D3 antagonist core structure were synthesized and evaluated for affinity at dopamine D1, D2, and D3 receptors (D1R, D2R, D3R). The compounds generally displayed strong affinity for D3R with very good D3R selectivity. Docking studies at D2R and D3R crystal structures revealed that the molecules are oriented such that their arylamine units are positioned in the orthosteric binding pocket of D3R, with the arylamide "tail" units residing in the secondary binding pocket. Hydrogen bonding between Ser 182 and Tyr 365 at D3R stabilize extracellular loop 2 (ECL2), which in turn contributes to ligand binding by interacting with the "tail" units of the ligands in the secondary binding pocket. Similar interactions between ECL2 and the "tail" units were absent at D2R due to different positioning of the D2R loop region. The presence of multiple H-bonds with the phenol moiety of the headgroup of 7 and Ser192 accounts for its stronger D3R affinity as compared to the 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-containing analogue 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satishkumar Gadhiya
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Pierpaolo Cordone
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Rajat K. Pal
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Emilio Gallicchio
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Lauren Wickstrom
- Department of Science, Borough of Manhattan Community College, 199 Chambers Street, New York, New York 10007, United States
| | - Tom Kurtzman
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College, The City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
| | - Steven Ramsey
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College, The City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
| | - Wayne W. Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Lehman College, The City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
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Curiosity in old age: A possible key to achieving adaptive aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 88:106-116. [PMID: 29545165 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Curiosity is a fundamental part of human motivation that supports a variety of human intellectual behaviors ranging from early learning in children to scientific discovery. However, there has been little attention paid to the role of curiosity in aging populations. By bringing together broad but sparse neuroscientific and psychological literature on curiosity and related concepts (e.g., novelty seeking in older adults), we propose that curiosity, although it declines with age, plays an important role in maintaining cognitive function, mental health, and physical health in older adults. We identify the dopaminergic reward system and the noradrenergic system as the key brain systems implicated in curiosity processing and discuss how these brain systems contribute to the relationship between curiosity and adaptive aging.
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Cross-sectional and longitudinal small animal PET shows pre and post-synaptic striatal dopaminergic deficits in an animal model of HIV. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 55:27-33. [PMID: 29031113 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In vivo imaging biomarkers of various HIV neuropathologies, including dopaminergic dysfunction, are still lacking. Towards developing dopaminergic biomarkers of brain involvement in HIV, we assessed the pre and postsynaptic components of the dopaminergic system in the HIV-1 transgenic rat (Tg), a well-characterized model of treated HIV+ patients, using small-animal PET imaging. METHODS Fifteen to 18 month-old Tg and wild type (WT) rats were imaged with both [18F]-FP-CMT, a dopamine transporter (DAT) ligand (n=16), and [18F]-Fallypride, a D2/D3 dopamine receptor (D2/D3DR) ligand (n=16). Five to 8 month-old Tg and WT rats (n=18) were also imaged with [18F]-FP-CMT. A subset of animals was imaged longitudinally at 7 and 17 months of age. Multiplex immunohistochemistry staining for DAT, tyrosine hydroxylase, D2DR, D3DR, GFAP, Iba1 and NeuN was performed on a subgroup of the scanned animals. RESULTS [18F]-FP-CMT and [18F]-Fallypride binding potential (BPND) values were significantly lower in 15-18 month-old Tg compared to age-matched WT rats (p<0.0001 and 0.001, respectively). [18F]-FP-CMT BPND values in 5-8 month-old rats, however, were not significantly different. Longitudinal age-related decrease in [18F]-FP-CMT BPND was exacerbated in the Tg rat. Immunohistochemistry showed decreased staining of dopaminergic markers in Tg rats. Rats with higher serum gp120 had lower mean BPND values for both ligands. CONCLUSIONS We found presynaptic and postsynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction/loss in older Tg compared to WT rats. We believe this to be related to neurotoxicity of viral proteins present in the Tg rats' serum and brain. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Our findings confirm prior reports of neurobehavioral abnormalities suggestive of dopaminergic dysfunction in this model. They also suggest similarities between the Tg rat and HIV+ patients as far as dopaminergic dysfunction. IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE The Tg rat, along with the above-described quantitative PET imaging biomarkers, can have a role in the evaluation of HIV neuroprotective therapies prior to human translation.
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Vaccari C, El Dib R, de Camargo JLV. Paraquat and Parkinson's disease: a systematic review protocol according to the OHAT approach for hazard identification. Syst Rev 2017; 6:98. [PMID: 28506248 PMCID: PMC5433017 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that has genetic susceptibility, aging, and exposure to certain chemicals as risk factors. In recent decades, epidemiological and experimental studies have investigated the role of pesticides in the development of PD, in particular that of the herbicide paraquat. Here, we, therefore, aim to systematically review the association between paraquat exposure and PD. METHODS Observational studies (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional) eligible for this systematic review will enroll any participant who was occupationally and/or environmentally exposed to paraquat. Experimental studies, including in vivo and in vitro assays designed to assess neurotoxicological endpoints or mechanisms of paraquat neurotoxicity, will also be eligible. Outcomes of interest include the following: PD diagnosis; neurobehavioral, biochemical, and/or morphological alterations; and cellular, biochemical, and/or molecular pathways to oxidative stress. Using terms to include all forms of paraquat combined with PD, the following electronic databases will be searched: PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Toxnet, and Web of Science, without restrictions as to language, year, or status of publication. A team of reviewers will independently select potential titles and abstracts, extract data, assess risk of bias, and determine the overall quality of evidence for each outcome using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) approach for systematic reviews and evidence integration. Dichotomous data will be summarized as odds ratios, and continuous data will be given as mean differences, both with their respective 95% confidence intervals. DISCUSSION This is the first time that the OHAT systematic review protocol will be applied to investigate a possible causal association between exposure to paraquat and PD. Results from this study could serve as basis for regulatory agencies to define paraquat levels of concern, supporting its risk assessment process. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42016050861.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Vaccari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Regina El Dib
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.,McMaster Institute of Urology, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Canada
| | - João Lauro V de Camargo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Pacheco R. Targeting dopamine receptor D3 signalling in inflammation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:7224-7225. [PMID: 28086229 PMCID: PMC5352314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pacheco
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
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