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Zhu Q, Wan L, Huang H, Liao Z. IL-1β, the first piece to the puzzle of sepsis-related cognitive impairment? Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1370406. [PMID: 38665289 PMCID: PMC11043581 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1370406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of death resulting from an uncontrolled inflammatory response to an infectious agent. Multiple organ injuries, including brain injuries, are common in sepsis. The underlying mechanism of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), which is associated with neuroinflammation, is not yet fully understood. Recent studies suggest that the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) following activation of microglial cells plays a crucial role in the development of long-lasting neuroinflammation after the initial sepsis episode. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent literature on the molecular signaling pathways involved in microglial cell activation and interleukin-1β release. It also explores the physiological and pathophysiological role of IL-1β in cognitive function, with a particular focus on its contribution to long-lasting neuroinflammation after sepsis. The findings from this review may assist healthcare providers in developing novel interventions against SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnostic Center Nursing and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Takahashi K, Kurokawa K, Miyagawa K, Mochida-Saito A, Takeda H, Tsuji M. Repeated antibiotic drug treatment negatively affects memory function and glutamatergic nervous system of the hippocampus in mice. Neurosci Lett 2024; 825:137711. [PMID: 38432356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is associated with memory; however, the relationship between dysbiosis-induced memory deficits and hippocampal glutamatergic neurons remains unclear. In our study, a mouse dysbiosis model showed impaired memory-related behavior in the passive avoidance test; decreased expression levels of glutaminase, excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT)1, EAAT2, vesicular glutamate transporter 2, synaptophysin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, doublecortin, neuronal nuclear protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S100β; and decreased phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor subunit 1, and cAMP response element-binding protein in the hippocampus. This suggests that dysbiosis-induced memory dysfunction is associated with the hippocampal glutamatergic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kurokawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Atsumi Mochida-Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan.
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3
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Kusui Y, Izuo N, Tokuhara R, Asano T, Nitta A. Neuronal activation of nucleus accumbens by local methamphetamine administration induces cognitive impairment through microglial inflammation in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 154:127-138. [PMID: 38395513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
More than half of methamphetamine (METH) users present with cognitive impairment, making it difficult for them to reintegrate into society. However, the mechanisms of METH-induced cognitive impairment remain unclear. METH causes neuronal hyperactivation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) by aberrantly releasing dopamine, which triggers dependence. In this study, to clarify the involvement of hyperactivation of NAc in METH-induced cognitive impairment, mice were locally microinjected with METH into NAc (mice with METH (NAc)) and investigated their cognitive phenotype. Mice with METH (NAc) exhibited cognitive dysfunction in behavioral analyses and decreased long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, with NAc activation confirmed by expression of FosB, a neuronal activity marker. In the hippocampus of mice with METH (NAc), activated microglia, but not astroglia, and upregulated microglia-related genes, Il1b and C1qa were observed. Finally, administration of minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic with suppressive effect on microglial activation, to mice with METH (NAc) ameliorated cognitive impairment and synaptic dysfunction by suppressing the increased expression of Il1b and C1qa in the hippocampus. In conclusion, activation of NAc by injection of METH into NAc elicited cognitive impairment by facilitating immune activation in mice. This study suggests that immunological intervention could be a therapeutic strategy for addiction-related cognitive disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kusui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naotaka Izuo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Reika Tokuhara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Asano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsumi Nitta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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4
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Bellingacci L, Canonichesi J, Mancini A, Parnetti L, Di Filippo M. Cytokines, synaptic plasticity and network dynamics: a matter of balance. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2569-2572. [PMID: 37449591 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.371344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The modern view of the immune system as a sensitizing and modulating machinery of the central nervous system is now well recognized. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this fine crosstalk have yet to be fully disentangled. To control cognitive function and behavior, the two systems are engaged in a subtle interacting act. In this scenario, a dual action of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the modulation of brain network connections is emerging. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are indeed required to express physiological plasticity in the hippocampal network while being detrimental when over-expressed during uncontrolled inflammatory processes. In this dynamic equilibrium, synaptic functioning and the performance of neural networks are ensured by maintaining an appropriate balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in the central nervous system microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bellingacci
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jacopo Canonichesi
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Filippo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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5
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Herrera G, Silvero C MJ, Becerra MC, Lasaga M, Scimonelli T. Modulatory role of α-MSH in hippocampal-dependent memory impairment, synaptic plasticity changes, oxidative stress, and astrocyte reactivity induced by short-term high-fat diet intake. Neuropharmacology 2023; 239:109688. [PMID: 37591460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is associated with cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative diseases. Since the hippocampus is extremely sensitive to pathophysiological changes, neuroinflammation and the concomitant oxidative stress induced by HFD can significantly interfere with hippocampal-dependent functions related to learning and memory. The neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) mediates neuroprotective actions in the central nervous system and can reverse the effects of neuroinflammation in cognitive functions that depend on the hippocampus. In this study, we used male Wistar rats to evaluate the effect of short-term HFD intake (5 days) plus a mild immune challenge, Lipopolysaccharide (LPS 10 μg/kg) on contextual fear, changes in structural plasticity, oxidative stress, and astrocyte reactivation in the hippocampus. We also determined the possible modulatory role of α-MSH. HFD consumption was associated with an increase in markers of oxidative stress (Advanced oxidation protein products and Malondialdehyde) in the dorsal hippocampus (DH). We also found changes in hippocampal structural synaptic plasticity, observing a decrease in total spine in the DH after HFD plus LPS. We observed astrocyte proliferation and a significant increase in the percentage of the area occupied by GFAP. Treatment with α-MSH (0.1 μg/0.25 μl) in the DH reversed the effect of short-term HFD plus LPS on contextual fear memory, oxidative stress, and spine density. α-MSH also reduced astrocyte proliferation. Our present results indicate that HFD consumption for a short period sensitizes the central nervous system (CNS) to a subsequent immune challenge and impairs contextual fear memory and that α-MSH could have a modulatory protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Herrera
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba, IFEC-CONICET. Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orshinger, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - M Jazmín Silvero C
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica UNITEFA-CONICET. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Cecilia Becerra
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica UNITEFA-CONICET. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Lasaga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas INBIOMED UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Teresa Scimonelli
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba, IFEC-CONICET. Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orshinger, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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6
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Nomura A, Kurokawa K, Takahashi K, Miyagawa K, Mochida-Saito A, Takeda H, Tsuji M. Possible involvement of inflammasomes on the post-stroke cognitive impairment in a mouse model of embolic cerebral infarct. Physiol Behav 2023; 271:114348. [PMID: 37709001 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) of the complications after stroke has been shown to be involved in brain proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-lβ) and IL-18. In the present study, we examined using acetic acid-induced embolic cerebral infarct (ECI) mice whether post-stroke inflammasome activation is involved in the development of PSCI. In behavioral tests, long-term learning and memory assessed using the passive avoidance test were impaired after ECI. On the other hand, the impairment of short-term learning and memory assessed using the Y-maze test was not observed. Furthermore, the phosphorylated α-amino-3hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) at Ser 831 and Ser 845 protein was found to be significantly decreased in the dorsal hippocampus of ECI mice. In addition, the expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter protein 1 (Iba1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain / target of methylation-induced silencing 1 (ASC/TMS1), Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly increased in the dorsal hippocampus of ECI mice. These results indicate that development of PSCI after embolic cerebral infarction is due to a decrease in AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 at Ser831 and Ser845 through the inflammasome activation pathway in the dorsal hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayae Nomura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kurokawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Atsumi Mochida-Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan.
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7
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Shi S, Zhang S, Kong L. Effects of Treatment with Probiotics on Cognitive Function and Regulatory Role of Cortisol and IL-1β in Adolescent Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1829. [PMID: 37763233 PMCID: PMC10532456 DOI: 10.3390/life13091829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics on cognitive function and the regulation of cortisol and IL-1β in adolescents with depression. All 180 participants were randomly assigned to a study group (treated with probiotics combined with sertraline hydrochloride) and a control group (treated with sertraline hydrochloride). The repetitive Neuropsychological State Test (RBANS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were administered to MDD patients. The levels of serum cortisol and IL-1β were detected using an ELISA kit. Except for speech function, factors including immediate memory, visual span, attention function, delayed memory, and the RBANS in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of cortisol and interleukin-1β in the study group were significantly downregulated compared to those in the control group. Except for speech function, the cortisol level was negatively correlated with the RBANS total score and other factors in the study group. Interleukin-1β was also negatively correlated with the RBANS total score and each factor score. Cortisol and interleukin-1β were predictors of the RBANS total score, which explained 46.80% of the variance. Cortisol had significant predictive effects on attention function and delayed memory, and interleukin-1β had significant predictive effects on visual span and speech function. It could be concluded that probiotics could improve cognitive function in adolescents with depression by regulating cortisol and IL-1β levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Shi
- Psychiatry Department, The 5th People’s Hospital of Luoyang, Luoyang 471027, China;
| | - Shuyou Zhang
- Intervention Center of Mental Crisis, No.904 Hospital, Changzhou 213003, China;
| | - Lingming Kong
- Intervention Center of Mental Crisis, No.904 Hospital, Changzhou 213003, China;
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8
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Synaptic plasticity in Schizophrenia pathophysiology. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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9
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Zhou Q, Lin L, Li H, Li Y, Liu N, Wang H, Jiang S, Li Q, Chen Z, Lin Y, Jin H, Deng Y. Intrahippocampal injection of IL-1β upregulates Siah1-mediated degradation of synaptophysin by activation of the ERK signaling in male rat. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:930-951. [PMID: 36720002 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has been described to exert important effect on synapses in the brain. Here, we explored if the synapses in the hippocampus would be adversely affected following intracerebral IL-1β injection and, if so, to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, IL-1β, IL-1β + PD98059, and IL-1β + MG132 groups and then sacrificed for detection of synaptophysin (syn) protein level, synaptosome glutamate release, and synapse ultrastructure by western blotting, glutamate kit and electron microscopy, respectively. These rats were tested by Morris water maze for learning and memory ability. It was determined by western blotting whether IL-1β exerted the effect of on syn and siah1 expression in primary neurons via extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. Intrahippocampal injection of IL-1β in male rats and sacrificed at 8d resulted in a significant decrease in syn protein, damage of synapse structure, and abnormal release of neurotransmitters glutamate. ERK inhibitor and proteosome inhibitor treatment reversed the above changes induced by IL-1β both in vivo and in vitro. In primary cultured neurons incubated with IL-1β, the expression level of synaptophysin was significantly downregulated coupled with abnormal glutamate release. Furthermore, use of PD98059 had confirmed that ERK signaling pathway was implicated in synaptic disorders caused by IL-1β treatment. The present results suggest that exogenous IL-1β can suppress syn protein level and glutamate release. A possible mechanism for this is that IL-1β induces syn degradation that is regulated by the E3 ligase siah1 via the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Zhou
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanfen Lin
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyan Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyu Deng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ding T, Aimaiti M, Cui S, Shen J, Lu M, Wang L, Bian D. Meta-analysis of the association between dietary inflammatory index and cognitive health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1104255. [PMID: 37081917 PMCID: PMC10111053 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1104255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies have shown that a pro-inflammatory diet may be associated with cognitive function, but their conclusions have varied considerably. We here present a meta-analysis of the current published literature on DII score and its association with cognitive health. Methods In this meta-analysis, the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched in September 2022. The reported indexes, specifically OR, RR, and β, were extracted and analyzed using R version 3.1.0. Results A total of 636 studies in databases were identified, and 12 were included in the meta-analysis. Higher DII was associated with an increased risk of AD and MCI (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.21-1.49). Meanwhile, it may also cause global function impairment (categorical: OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.36-1.96) and verbal fluency impairment (continuous: OR = 0.18; 95% IC = 0.08-0.42). But there was no significant association between DII and executive function (categorical: OR = 1.12; 95% IC = 0.84-1.49; continuous: OR = 0.48; 95% IC = 0.19-1.21) or episodic memory (continuous: OR = 0.56; 95% IC = 0.30-1.03). Conclusion A pro-inflammatory diet is related to AD, MCI, and the functions of some cognitive domains (specifically global function and verbal fluency). However, the current evidence on the role of diet-induced inflammation in different cognitive domains should be supported by further studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maimaitiyusupu Aimaiti
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shishuang Cui
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhao Shen
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengjie Lu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Bian, ; Lei Wang,
| | - Dongsheng Bian
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Bian, ; Lei Wang,
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11
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Zhang K, Liao P, Wen J, Hu Z. Synaptic plasticity in schizophrenia pathophysiology. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:478-487. [PMID: 36590092 PMCID: PMC9795311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome with psychotic behavioral abnormalities and marked cognitive deficits. It is widely accepted that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset of schizophrenia. However, the etiology and pathology of the disease remain largely unexplored. Recently, the synaptopathology and the dysregulated synaptic plasticity and function have emerging as intriguing and prominent biological mechanisms of schizophrenia pathogenesis. Synaptic plasticity is the ability of neurons to change the strength of their connections in response to internal or external stimuli, which is essential for brain development and function, learning and memory, and vast majority of behavior responses relevant to psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. Here, we reviewed molecular and cellular mechanisms of the multiple forms synaptic plasticity, and the functional regulations of schizophrenia-risk factors including disease susceptible genes and environmental alterations on synaptic plasticity and animal behavior. Recent genome-wide association studies have provided fruitful findings of hundreds of risk gene variances associated with schizophrenia, thus further clarifying the role of these disease-risk genes in synaptic transmission and plasticity will be beneficial to advance our understanding of schizophrenia pathology, as well as the molecular mechanism of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexuan Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Panlin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jin Wen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China,Correspondence to: Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine and Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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Zhang D, Yang Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Zhu T, Huang H, Zhou C. Severe inflammation in new-borns induces long-term cognitive impairment by activation of IL-1β/KCC2 signaling during early development. BMC Med 2022; 20:235. [PMID: 35883093 PMCID: PMC9327322 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis can induce long-term cognitive impairment in adolescence or adulthood, but the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. The expression of K+-Cl- co-transporter 2 (KCC2) plays a pivotal role in the GABAergic shift from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing during early postnatal development. In this study, we aimed to determine whether neonatal severe inflammation-induced cognitive impairment was associated with the expression of KCC2 during early development. METHODS Neonatal severe inflammation was established by intraperitoneal injection of high dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg kg-1) in postnatal day 3 (P3) rats. The Morris water maze task and fear conditioning test were used to investigate long-term cognitive functions. ELISA, RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to examine the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines and KCC2. Perforated patch-clamping recordings were used to determine the GABAergic shift. RESULTS Neonatal severe inflammation led to long-term cognitive impairment in rats. Meanwhile, sustained elevation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels was found in the hippocampus until P30 after LPS injection. Elevated expression of KCC2 and hyperpolarized GABA reversal potential (EGABA) were observed in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons from the P7-P10 and P14-P16 rats after LPS injection. Specific knockdown of IL-1β mRNA expression rescued the elevated expression of KCC2 and the hyperpolarized EGABA at P7-P10 and P14-P16. Accordingly, specific knockdown of IL-1β or KCC2 expression improved the cognitive impairment induced by neonatal severe inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Sustained elevation of IL-1β in the hippocampus may induce cognitive impairment by upregulation of KCC2 during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yujiao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Yaoxin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Han Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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13
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Grigoryan GA. Neuroinflammation and Reconsolidation of Memory. NEUROCHEM J+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712422020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Rifaximin Improves Spatial Learning and Memory Impairment in Rats with Liver Damage-Associated Neuroinflammation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061263. [PMID: 35740285 PMCID: PMC9219896 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may show mild cognitive impairment. Neuroinflammation in the hippocampus mediates cognitive impairment in rat models of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Treatment with rifaximin reverses cognitive impairment in a large proportion of cirrhotic patients with MHE. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aims of this work were to assess if rats with mild liver damage, as a model of NAFLD, show neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and impaired cognitive function, if treatment with rifaximin reverses it, and to study the underlying mechanisms. Mild liver damage was induced with carbon-tetrachloride. Infiltration of immune cells, glial activation, and cytokine expression, as well as glutamate receptors expression in the hippocampus and cognitive function were assessed. We assessed the effects of daily treatment with rifaximin on the alterations showed by these rats. Rats with mild liver damage showed hippocampal neuroinflammation, reduced membrane expression of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, and impaired spatial memory. Increased C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2), infiltration of monocytes, microglia activation, and increased tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were reversed by rifaximin, that normalized NMDA receptor expression and improved spatial memory. Thus, rifaximin reduces neuroinflammation and improves cognitive function in rats with mild liver damage, being a promising therapy for patients with NAFLD showing mild cognitive impairment.
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15
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Siebold L, Krueger AC, Abdala JA, Figueroa JD, Bartnik-Olson B, Holshouser B, Wilson CG, Ashwal S. Cosyntropin Attenuates Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:109. [PMID: 32670020 PMCID: PMC7332854 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality/morbidity and is associated with chronic neuroinflammation. Melanocortin receptor agonists including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ameliorate inflammation and provide a novel therapeutic approach. We examined the effect of long-acting cosyntropin (CoSyn), a synthetic ACTH analog, on the early inflammatory response and functional outcome following experimental TBI. Methods: The controlled cortical impact model was used to induce TBI in mice. Mice were assigned to injury and treatment protocols resulting in four experimental groups including sham + saline, sham + CoSyn, TBI + saline, and TBI + CoSyn. Treatment was administered subcutaneously 3 h post-injury and daily injections were given for up to 7 days post-injury. The early inflammatory response was evaluated at 3 days post-injury through the evaluation of cytokine expression (IL1β and TNFα) and immune cell response. Quantification of immune cell response included cell counts of microglia/macrophages (Iba1+ cells) and neutrophils (MPO+ cells) in the cortex and hippocampus. Behavioral testing (n = 10–14 animals/group) included open field (OF) and novel object recognition (NOR) during the first week following injury and Morris water maze (MWM) at 10–15 days post-injury. Results: Immune cell quantification showed decreased accumulation of Iba1+ cells in the perilesional cortex and CA1 region of the hippocampus for CoSyn-treated TBI animals compared to saline-treated. Reduced numbers of MPO+ cells were also found in the perilesional cortex and hippocampus in CoSyn treated TBI mice compared to their saline-treated counterparts. Furthermore, CoSyn treatment reduced IL1β expression in the cortex of TBI mice. Behavioral testing showed a treatment effect of CoSyn for NOR with CoSyn increasing the discrimination ratio in both TBI and Sham groups, indicating increased memory performance. CoSyn also decreased latency to find platform during the early training period of the MWM when comparing CoSyn to saline-treated TBI mice suggesting moderate improvements in spatial memory following CoSyn treatment. Conclusion: Reduced microglia/macrophage accumulation and neutrophil infiltration in conjunction with moderate improvements in spatial learning in our CoSyn treated TBI mice suggests a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of CoSyn following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Siebold
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Amy C Krueger
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan A Abdala
- The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Johnny D Figueroa
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Brenda Bartnik-Olson
- Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Barbara Holshouser
- Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Christopher G Wilson
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Stephen Ashwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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16
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Zhu J, Lee KY, Jong TT, Tsai NP. C2-lacking isoform of Nedd4-2 regulates excitatory synaptic strength through GluA1 ubiquitination-independent mechanisms. J Neurochem 2019; 151:289-300. [PMID: 31357244 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4-like (Nedd4-2) is an epilepsy-associated gene, which encodes a ubiquitin E3 ligase that is highly expressed in the brain. Nedd4-2's substrates include many ion channels and receptors because its N-terminal C2 domain guides Nedd4-2 to the cell membrane. We previously found that Nedd4-2 ubiquitinates the glutamate receptor subunit 1 (GluA1) subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor, which leads to reduction of neuronal excitability and seizures in mice. However, despite awareness of a Nedd4-2 isoform with no C2 domain, the functions of this isoform remain elusive. In this study, we showed that the C2-lacking Nedd4-2 has reduced membrane distribution and exhibits reduced affinity toward ubiquitinating GluA1. However, when expressed in primary cortical neurons, we found that the C2-lacking Nedd4-2 exhibits a similar activity toward reducing excitatory synaptic strength as does the C2-containing Nedd4-2. In an attempt to identify novel Nedd4-2 substrates that could mediate excitatory synaptic strength, we used unbiased proteomic screening and found multiple synaptic regulators that were up-regulated in the brain of conditional Nedd4-2 knockout mice, including protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit-α (PPP3CA; alternately called calcineurin A-α). We confirmed PPP3CA as a substrate of the C2-lacking Nedd4-2 and showed that all three epilepsy-associated missense mutations of Nedd4-2 disrupted PPP3CA ubiquitination. Altogether, our results revealed novel potential Nedd4-2 substrates and suggest that the C2-lacking Nedd4-2 represses excitatory synaptic strength most likely through GluA1 ubiquitination-independent mechanisms. These findings provide novel information to further our knowledge about Nedd4-2-dependent neuronal excitability homeostasis and pathological hyperexcitability when Nedd4-2 is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhe Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kwan Young Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Tiffany T Jong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Nien-Pei Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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17
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Herrera G, Calfa G, Schiöth HB, Lasaga M, Scimonelli T. Memory consolidation impairment induced by Interleukin-1β is associated with changes in hippocampal structural plasticity. Behav Brain Res 2019; 370:111969. [PMID: 31128164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), can affect cognitive processes such as learning and memory. The aim of this study was to establish whether the effect of IL-1β on contextual fear memory is associated with changes in hippocampal structural plasticity. We also studied the effect of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a potent anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective peptide. Different groups of animals were implanted bilaterally in dorsal hippocampus (DH). After recovery they were conditioned for contextual fear memory and received the different treatments (vehicle, IL-1β, α-MSH or IL-1β + α-MSH). Memory was assessed 24 hs after conditioning and immediately after rats were perfused for dendritic spine analysis. Our results show that local hippocampal administration of IL-1β just after memory encoding induced impairment in contextual memory and a reduction in the total density of CA1 hippocampal dendritic spines, particularly the mature ones. α-MSH administration reversed the IL-1β induced changes. The results suggest that neuro-inflammation induced by IL-1β interferes with experience-dependent structural plasticity in DH whereas α-MSH has a beneficial modulatory role in preventing this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Herrera
- IFEC-CONICET, Depto. Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gastón Calfa
- IFEC-CONICET, Depto. Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mercedes Lasaga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas INBIOMED UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Teresa Scimonelli
- IFEC-CONICET, Depto. Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
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18
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Taoro-Gonzalez L, Arenas YM, Cabrera-Pastor A, Felipo V. Hyperammonemia alters membrane expression of GluA1 and GluA2 subunits of AMPA receptors in hippocampus by enhancing activation of the IL-1 receptor: underlying mechanisms. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:36. [PMID: 29422059 PMCID: PMC5806265 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperammonemic rats reproduce the cognitive alterations of patients with hepatic encephalopathy, including altered spatial memory, attributed to altered membrane expression of AMPA receptor subunits in hippocampus. Neuroinflammation mediates these cognitive alterations. We hypothesized that hyperammonemia-induced increase in IL-1β in hippocampus would be responsible for the altered GluA1 and GluA2 membrane expression. The aims of this work were to (1) assess if increased IL-1β levels and activation of its receptor are responsible for the changes in GluA1 and/or GluA2 membrane expression in hyperammonemia and (2) identify the mechanisms by which activation of IL-1 receptor leads to altered membrane expression of GluA1 and GluA2. Methods We analyzed in hippocampal slices from control and hyperammonemic rat membrane expression of AMPA receptors using the BS3 cross-linker and phosphorylation of the GluA1 and GluA2 subunits using phosphor-specific antibodies. The IL-1 receptor was blocked with IL-Ra, and the signal transduction pathways involved in modulation of membrane expression of GluA1 and GluA2 were analyzed using inhibitors of key steps. Results Hyperammonemia reduces GluA1 and increases GluA2 membrane expression and reduces phosphorylation of GluA1 at Ser831 and of GluA2 at Ser880. Hyperammonemia increases IL-1β, enhancing activation of IL-1 receptor. This leads to activation of Src. The changes in membrane expression of GluA1 and GluA2 are reversed by blocking the IL-1 receptor with IL-1Ra or by inhibiting Src with PP2. After Src activation, the pathways for GluA2 and GluA1 diverge. Src increases phosphorylation of GluN2B at Tyr14721 and membrane expression of GluN2B in hyperammonemic rats, leading to activation of MAP kinase p38, which binds to and reduces phosphorylation at Thr560 and activity of PKCζ, resulting in reduced phosphorylation at Ser880 and enhanced membrane expression of GluA2. Increased Src activity in hyperammonemic rats also activates PKCδ which enhances phosphorylation of GluN2B at Ser1303, reducing membrane expression of CaMKII and phosphorylation at Ser831 and membrane expression of GluA1. Conclusions This work identifies two pathways by which neuroinflammation alters glutamatergic neurotransmission in hippocampus. The steps of the pathways identified could be targets to normalize neurotransmission in hyperammonemia and other pathologies associated with increased IL-1β by acting, for example, on p38 or PKCδ. Graphical abstract IL-1β alters membrane expression of GluA1 and GluA2 AMPA receptor subunits by two difrerent mechanisms in the hippocampus of hyperammonemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Taoro-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigacion Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Yaiza M Arenas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigacion Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Cabrera-Pastor
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigacion Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigacion Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
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19
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Bodnar CN, Morganti JM, Bachstetter AD. Depression following a traumatic brain injury: uncovering cytokine dysregulation as a pathogenic mechanism. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1693-1704. [PMID: 30136679 PMCID: PMC6128046 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.238604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial number of individuals have long-lasting adverse effects from a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Depression is one of these long-term complications that influences many aspects of life. Depression can limit the ability to return to work, and even worsen cognitive function and contribute to dementia. The mechanistic cause for the increased depression risk associated with a TBI remains to be defined. As TBI results in chronic neuroinflammation, and priming of glia to a secondary challenge, the inflammatory theory of depression provides a promising framework for investigating the cause of depression following a TBI. Increases in cytokines similar to those seen in depression in the general population are also increased following a TBI. Biomarker levels of cytokines peak within hours-to-days after the injury, yet pro-inflammatory cytokines may still be elevated above physiological levels months-to-years following TBI, which is the time frame in which post-TBI depression can persist. As tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1 can signal directly at the neuronal synapse, pathophysiological levels of these cytokines can detrimentally alter neuronal synaptic physiology. The purpose of this review is to outline the current evidence for the inflammatory hypothesis of depression specifically as it relates to depression following a TBI. Moreover, we will illustrate the potential synaptic mechanisms by which tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1 could contribute to depression. The association of inflammation with the development of depression is compelling; however, in the context of post-TBI depression, the role of inflammation is understudied. This review attempts to highlight the need to understand and treat the psychological complications of a TBI, potentially by neuroimmune modulation, as the neuropsychiatric disabilities can have a great impact on the rehabilitation from the injury, and overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen N Bodnar
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Josh M Morganti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky; Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Adam D Bachstetter
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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