1
|
Sanches E, Ho D, van de Looij Y, Aebi Toulotte A, Baud L, Bouteldja F, Barraud Q, Araneda R, Bleyenheuft Y, Brochard S, Kathe C, Courtine G, Sizonenko S. Early intensive rehabilitation reverses locomotor disruption, decrease brain inflammation and induces neuroplasticity following experimental Cerebral Palsy. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:303-316. [PMID: 39098438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a major cause of motor and cognitive disability in children due to injury to the developing brain. Early intensive sensorimotor rehabilitation has been shown to change brain structure and reduce CP symptoms severity. We combined environmental enrichment (EE) and treadmill training (TT) to observe the effects of a one-week program of sensorimotor stimulation (EETT) in animals exposed to a CP model and explored possible mechanisms involved in the functional recovery. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were injected with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS - 200 µg/kg) intraperitoneally at embryonic days 18 and 19. At P0, pups of both sexes were exposed to 20' anoxia at 37 °C. From P2 to P21, hindlimbs were restricted for 16 h/day during the dark cycle. EETT lasted from P21 to P27. TT - 15 min/day at 7 cm/s. EE - 7 days in enriched cages with sensorimotor stimulus. Functional 3D kinematic gait analysis and locomotion were analyzed. At P28, brains were collected for ex-vivo MRI and histological assessment. Neurotrophins and key proteins involved in CNS function were assessed by western blotting. RESULTS CP model caused gross and skilled locomotor disruption and altered CNS neurochemistry. EETT reversed locomotor dysfunction with minor effects over gait kinematics. EETT also decreased brain inflammation and glial activation, preserved myelination, upregulated BDNF signaling and modulated the expression of proteins involved in excitatory synaptic function in the brain and spinal cord. CONCLUSIONS Using this translational approach based on intensive sensorimotor rehabilitation, we highlight pathways engaged in the early developmental processes improving neurological recovery observed in CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sanches
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dini Ho
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yohan van de Looij
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Animal Imaging Technology Section, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Aebi Toulotte
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia Baud
- Defitech Center for Interventional Neurotherapies (NeuroRestore), EPFL/CHUV/UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland; NeuroX Institute and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farha Bouteldja
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne (Unil), Switzerland
| | - Quentin Barraud
- Defitech Center for Interventional Neurotherapies (NeuroRestore), EPFL/CHUV/UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland; NeuroX Institute and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo Araneda
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Exercise and Rehabilitation Science Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yannick Bleyenheuft
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Brochard
- Physical and Medical Rehabilitation Department, CHRU Brest, Brest, France; Paediatric Physical and Medical Rehabilitation Department, Fondation ILDYS, Brest, France; University of Western Brittany, Laboratory of Medical Information Processing, Inserm U1101, Brest, France
| | - Claudia Kathe
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne (Unil), Switzerland
| | - Grégoire Courtine
- Defitech Center for Interventional Neurotherapies (NeuroRestore), EPFL/CHUV/UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland; NeuroX Institute and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Sizonenko
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pereira SDC, Manhães-de-Castro R, Souza VDS, Calado CMSDS, Souza de Silveira B, Barbosa LNF, Torner L, Guzmán-Quevedo O, Toscano AE. Neonatal resveratrol treatment in cerebral palsy model recovers neurodevelopment impairments by restoring the skeletal muscle morphology and decreases microglial activation in the cerebellum. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114835. [PMID: 38789024 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the main motor disorder in childhood resulting from damage to the developing brain. Treatment perspectives are required to reverse the primary damage caused by the early insult and consequently to recover motor skills. Resveratrol has been shown to act as neuroprotection with benefits to skeletal muscle. This study aimed to investigate the effects of neonatal resveratrol treatment on neurodevelopment, skeletal muscle morphology, and cerebellar damage in CP model. Wistar rat pups were allocated to four experimental groups (n = 15/group) according CP model and treatment: Control+Saline (CS), Control+Resveratrol (CR), CP + Saline (CPS), and CP + Resveratrol (CPR). CP model associated anoxia and sensorimotor restriction. CP group showed delay in the disappearance of the palmar grasp reflex (p < 0.0001) and delay in the appearance of reflexes of negative geotaxis (p = 0.01), and free-fall righting (p < 0.0001), reduced locomotor activity and motor coordination (p < 0.05) than CS group. These motor skills impairments were associated with a reduction in muscle weight (p < 0.001) and area and perimeter of soleus end extensor digitorum longus muscle fibers (p < 0.0001), changes in muscle fibers typing pattern (p < 0.05), and the cerebellum showed signs of neuroinflammation due to elevated density and percentage of activated microglia in the CPS group compared to CS group (p < 0.05). CP animals treated with resveratrol showed anticipation of the appearance of negative geotaxis and free-fall righting reflexes (p < 0.01), increased locomotor activity (p < 0.05), recovery muscle fiber types pattern (p < 0.05), and reversal of the increase in density and the percentage of activated microglia in the cerebellum (p < 0.01). Thus, we conclude that neonatal treatment with resveratrol can contribute to the recovery of the delay neurodevelopment resulting from experimental CP due to its action in restoring the skeletal muscle morphology and reducing neuroinflammation from cerebellum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Caio Matheus Santos da Silva Calado
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Souza de Silveira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Letícia Nicoly Ferreira Barbosa
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Omar Guzmán-Quevedo
- Centro Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutrition and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM), Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, 61651, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choi JY, Kim SK, Hong J, Park H, Yang SS, Park D, Song MK. Overground Gait Training With a Wearable Robot in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2422625. [PMID: 39037815 PMCID: PMC11265136 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common developmental motor disorder in children. Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) using a wearable robot can provide intensive overground walking experience. Objective To investigate the effectiveness of overground RAGT in children with CP using an untethered, torque-assisted, wearable exoskeletal robot. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter, single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted from September 1, 2021, to March 31, 2023, at 5 rehabilitation institutions in Korea. Ninety children with CP in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels II to IV were randomized. Intervention The RAGT group underwent 18 sessions of RAGT during 6 weeks, whereas the control group received standard physical therapy for the same number of sessions during the same period. Main Outcome and Measures The primary outcome measure was the Gross Motor Function Measure 88 (GMFM-88) score. Secondary outcome measures were the GMFM-66, Pediatric Balance Scale, selective control assessment of the lower extremity, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), 6-minute walking test scores (distance and oxygen consumption), muscle and fat mass via bioelectrical impedance analysis, and gait parameters measured via 3-dimensional analysis. All assessments were performed for all patients at baseline, at the end of the 6-week intervention, and after the 4-week follow-up. Results Of the 90 children (mean [SD] age, 9.51 [2.48] years; 49 [54.4%] male and 41 [45.6%] female) in the study, 78 (86.7%) completed the intervention, with 37 participants (mean [SD] age, 9.57 [2.38] years; 19 [51.4%] male) and 41 participants (mean [SD] age, 9.32 [2.37] years; 26 [63.4%] male) randomly assigned to the RAGT and control groups, respectively. Changes in the RAGT group significantly exceeded changes in the control group in GMFM-88 total (mean difference, 2.64; 95% CI, 0.50-4.78), GMFM-E (mean difference, 2.70; 95% CI, 0.08-5.33), GMFM-66 (mean difference, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.01-2.60), and PEDI-CAT responsibility domain scores (mean difference, 2.52; 95% CI, 0.42-4.63), indicating independence in daily living at postintervention assessment. At the 4-week follow-up, the RAGT group showed significantly greater improvements in balance control (mean difference, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.03-2.94) and Gait Deviation Index (mean difference, 6.48; 95% CI, 2.77-10.19) compared with the control group. Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, overground RAGT using a wearable robot significantly improved gross motor function and gait pattern. This new torque-assisted wearable exoskeletal robot, based on assist-as-needed control, may complement standard rehabilitation by providing adequate assistance and therapeutic support to children with CP. Trial Registration CRIS Identifier: KCT0006273.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ja Young Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Ki Kim
- Department and Rehabilitation Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Juntaek Hong
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hankyul Park
- Department and Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul Rehabilitation Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-seung Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dongho Park
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
- Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
| | - Min-Keun Song
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arruda BP, Cruz-Ochoa NA, Serra F, Xavier GF, Nogueira MI, Takada SH. Melatonin attenuates developmental deficits and prevents hippocampal injuries in male and female rats subjected to neonatal anoxia. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38858858 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia in preterm infants is a clinical condition that has been associated with cognitive and behavioral disturbances for which treatment strategies are strongly required. Melatonin administration following brain insults has been considered a promising therapeutic strategy due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Not surprisingly, it has been extensively studied for preventing disturbances following brain injury. This study evaluated the effects of melatonin on developmental disturbances, memory disruption, and hippocampal cell loss induced by neonatal anoxia in rats. Neonatal Wistar rats were subjected to anoxia and subsequently treated with melatonin. Later, maturation of physical characteristics, ontogeny of reflexes, learning and memory in the Morris water maze (MWM), and estimates of the number of hippocampal neurons, were evaluated. Melatonin treatment attenuated (1) female anoxia-induced delay in superior incisor eruption, (2) female anoxia-induced vibrissae placement reflexes, and (3) male and female anoxia-induced hippocampal neuronal loss. Melatonin also promoted an increase (5) in swimming speeds in the MWM. In addition, PCA analysis showed positive associations between the acoustic startle, auditory canal open, and free fall righting parameters and negative associations between the male vehicle anoxia group and the male melatonin anoxia group. Therefore, melatonin treatment attenuates both anoxia-induced developmental deficits and hippocampal neuronal loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Petrucelli Arruda
- Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Andrea Cruz-Ochoa
- Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Serra
- Santos Young Doctor Program, Municipal Secretary of Education of Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fernando Xavier
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Nogueira
- Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Honda Takada
- Neurogenetic Laboratory, Mathematic, Computation and Cognition Center, Neuroscience and Cognition Program, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Calado CMSDS, Manhães-de-Castro R, da Conceição Pereira S, da Silva Souza V, Barbosa LNF, Dos Santos Junior OH, Lagranha CJ, Juárez PAR, Torner L, Guzmán-Quevedo O, Toscano AE. Resveratrol Reduces Neuroinflammation and Hippocampal Microglia Activation and Protects Against Impairment of Memory and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Experimental Cerebral Palsy. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3619-3640. [PMID: 38001357 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and postural impairments. However, early brain injury can promote deleterious effects on the hippocampus, impairing memory. This study aims to investigate the effects of resveratrol treatment on memory, anxiety-like behavior, and neuroinflammation markers in rats with CP. Male Wistar rats were subjected to perinatal anoxia (P0-P1) and sensory-motor restriction (P2-P28). They were treated with resveratrol (10 mg/kg, 0.1 ml/100 g) or saline from P3-P21, being divided into four experimental groups: CS (n = 15), CR (n = 15), CPS (n = 15), and CPR (n = 15). They were evaluated in the tests of novel object recognition (NORT), T-Maze, Light-Dark Box (LDB), and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). Compared to the CS group, the CPS group has demonstrated a reduced discrimination index on the NORT (p < 0.0001) and alternation on the T-Maze (p < 0.01). In addition, the CPS group showed an increase in permanence time on the dark side in LDB (p < 0.0001) and on the close arms of the EPM (p < 0.001). The CPR group demonstrated an increase in the object discrimination index (p < 0.001), on the alternation (p < 0.001), on the permanence time on the light side (p < 0.0001), and on the open arms (p < 0.001). The CPR group showed a reduction in gene expression of IL-6 (p = 0.0175) and TNF-α (p = 0.0007) and an increase in Creb-1 levels (p = 0.0020). The CPS group showed an increase in the activated microglia and a reduction in cell proliferation in the hippocampus, while CPR animals showed a reduction of activated microglia and an increase in cell proliferation. These results demonstrate promising effects of resveratrol in cerebral palsy behavior impairment through reduced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caio Matheus Santos da Silva Calado
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Leticia Nicoly Ferreira Barbosa
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Osmar Henrique Dos Santos Junior
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Pedro Alberto Romero Juárez
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutrition and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM), Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, 61651, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Omar Guzmán-Quevedo
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutrition and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM), Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, 61651, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Do Alto Do Reservatório S/N, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gouveia HJCB, Manhães-de-Castro R, Costa-de-Santana BJR, Vasconcelos EEM, Silva ER, Roque A, Torner L, Guzmán-Quevedo O, Toscano AE. Creatine supplementation increases postnatal growth and strength and prevents overexpression of pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 in the hippocampus in an experimental model of cerebral palsy. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:425-437. [PMID: 37141266 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2206688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the effect of Cr supplementation on morphological changes and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus and on developmental parameters. Methods: Male Wistar rat pups were submitted to an experimental model of CP. Cr was administered via gavage from the 21st to the 28th postnatal day, and in water after the 28th, until the end of the experiment. Body weight (BW), food consumption (FC), muscle strength, and locomotion were evaluated. Expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were assessed in the hippocampus by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Iba1 immunoreactivity was assessed by immunocytochemistry in the hippocampal hilus. Results: Experimental CP caused increased density and activation of microglial cells, and overexpression of IL-6. The rats with CP also presented abnormal BW development and impairment of strength and locomotion. Cr supplementation was able to reverse the overexpression of IL-6 in the hippocampus and mitigate the impairments observed in BW, strength, and locomotion. Discussion: Future studies should evaluate other neurobiological characteristics, including changes in neural precursor cells and other cytokines, both pro- and anti-inflammatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique J C B Gouveia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM) - Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Bárbara J R Costa-de-Santana
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Ewerton M Vasconcelos
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Eliesly Roberto Silva
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Angélica Roque
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Omar Guzmán-Quevedo
- Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM) - Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
- Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana E Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Nursing, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dupuis O, Van Gaever M, Montel V, Dereumetz J, Coq JO, Canu MH, Dupont E. Early movement restriction affects the acquisition of neurodevelopmental reflexes in rat pups. Brain Res 2024; 1828:148773. [PMID: 38244757 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Childhood is a period of construction of the organism, during which interactions with the environment and regular physical activity are necessary for the maturation of the neuronal networks. An atypical sensorimotor activity during childhood (due to bed-rest or neurodevelopmental disorders) impacts the development of the neuromuscular system. A model of sensorimotor restriction (SMR) developed in rats has shown that casting pups' hind limbs from postnatal day 1 (P1) to P28 induced a severe perturbation of motor behavior, due to muscle weakness as well as disturbances within the central nervous system. In the present study, our objective was to determine whether SMR affects the early postnatal ontogenesis. We explored the neuromuscular development through the determination of the age for achievement of the main neurodevelopmental reflexes, which represent reliable indicators of neurological and behavioral development. We also evaluated the maturation of postural control. Our results demonstrate that SMR induces a delay in the motor development, illustrated by a several days delay in the acquisition of a mature posture and in the acquisition reflexes: hind limb grasping, righting, hind limb placing, cliff avoidance, negative geotaxis. In conclusion, impaired physical activity and low interactions with environment during early development result in altered maturation of the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orlane Dupuis
- Univ Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F59000 Lille, France
| | - Melanie Van Gaever
- Univ Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F59000 Lille, France
| | - Valerie Montel
- Univ Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Dereumetz
- Univ Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F59000 Lille, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7287, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement (ISM), Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Helene Canu
- Univ Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F59000 Lille, France.
| | - Erwan Dupont
- Univ Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Visco DB, Manhães-de-Castro R, da Silva MM, Costa-de-Santana BJR, Pereira Dos Santos Junior J, Saavedra LM, de Lemos MDTB, Valdéz-Alarcón JJ, Lagranha CJ, Guzman-Quevedo O, Torner L, Toscano AE. Neonatal kaempferol exposure attenuates impact of cerebral palsy model on neuromotor development, cell proliferation, microglia activation, and antioxidant enzyme expression in the hippocampus of rats. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:20-41. [PMID: 36576161 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2156034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the effect of neonatal treatment with kaempferol on neuromotor development, proliferation of neural precursor cells, the microglia profile, and antioxidant enzyme gene expression in the hippocampus. METHODS A rat model of cerebral palsy was established using perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction of hindlimbs during infancy. Kaempferol (1 mg/ kg) was intraperitoneally administered during the neonatal period. RESULTS Neonatal treatment with kaempferol reduces the impact of the cerebral palsy model on reflex ontogeny and on the maturation of physical features. Impairment of locomotor activity development and motor coordination was found to be attenuated by kaempferol treatment during the neonatal period in rats exposed to cerebral palsy. Neonatal treatment of kaempferol in cerebral palsy rats prevents a substantial reduction in the number of neural precursor cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, an activated microglia profile, and increased proliferation of microglia in the sub-granular zone and in the granular cell layer. Neonatal treatment with kaempferol increases gene expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the hippocampus of rats submitted to the cerebral palsy model. DISCUSSION Kaempferol attenuates the impact of cerebral palsy on neuromotor behavior development, preventing altered hippocampal microglia activation and mitigating impaired cell proliferation in a neurogenic niche in these rats. Neonatal treatment with kaempferol also increases antioxidant defense gene expression in the hippocampus of rats submitted to the cerebral palsy model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bulcão Visco
- Laboratory of Neurofunctional, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria da Silva
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Bárbara J R Costa-de-Santana
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Joaci Pereira Dos Santos Junior
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luís Miguel Saavedra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
| | | | - Juan José Valdéz-Alarcón
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología - Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology (PGBqF), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Omar Guzman-Quevedo
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Juacy Rodrigues Costa-de-Santana B, Manhães-de-Castro R, José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia H, Roberto Silva E, Antônio da Silva Araújo M, Cabral Lacerda D, Guzmán-Quevedo O, Torner L, Elisa Toscano A. Motor deficits are associated with increased glial cell activation in the hypothalamus and cerebellum of young rats subjected to cerebral palsy. Brain Res 2023; 1814:148447. [PMID: 37301423 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a syndrome characterized by a wide range of sensory and motor damage, associated with behavioral and cognitive deficits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of a model of CP using a combination of perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction of hind paws to replicate motor, behavioral and neural deficits. A total of 30 of male Wistar rats were divided into Control (C, n = 15), and CP (CP, n = 15) groups. The potential of the CP model was assessed by evaluating food intake, the behavioral satiety sequence, performance on the CatWalk and parallel bars, muscle strength, and locomotor activity. The weight of the encephalon, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, and the activation of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) were also measured. The CP animals showed delayed satiety, impaired locomotion on the CatWalk and open field test, reduced muscle strength, and reduced motor coordination. CP also reduced the weight of the soleus and muscles, brain weight, liver weight, and quantity of fat in various parts of the body. There was also found to be an increase in astrocyte and microglia activation in the cerebellum and hypothalamus (arcuate nucleus, ARC) of animals subjected to CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Juacy Rodrigues Costa-de-Santana
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutriton and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM)/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Eliesly Roberto Silva
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio da Silva Araújo
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Omar Guzmán-Quevedo
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutriton and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM)/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão-Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
da Silva Souza V, Manhães-de-Castro R, Pereira SDC, Calado CMSDS, Souza de Silveira B, Araújo ERDS, Silva SCDA, Junior OHDS, Lagranha CJ, da Silva LKTM, Toscano AE. Neonatal treatment with resveratrol decreases postural and strength impairments and improves mitochondrial function in the somatosensory cortex rats submitted to cerebral palsy. Neurochem Int 2023:105568. [PMID: 37385449 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is a neurodevelopmental disease characterized by postural, motor, and cognitive disorders, being one of the main causes of physical and intellectual disability in childhood. To minimize functional impairments, the use of resveratrol as a therapeutic strategy is highlighted due to its neuroprotective and antioxidant effects in different regions of the brain. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of neonatal treatment with resveratrol on postural development, motor function, oxidative balance, and mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain of rats submitted to a cerebral palsy model. Neonatal treatment with resveratrol attenuated deficits in somatic growth, postural development, and muscle strength in rats submitted to cerebral palsy. Related to oxidative balance, resveratrol in cerebral palsy decreased the levels of MDA and carbonyls. Related to mitochondrial biogenesis, was observed in animals with cerebral palsy treated with resveratrol, an increase in mRNA levels of TFAM, in association with the increase of citrate synthase activity. The data demonstrated a promising effect of neonatal resveratrol treatment, improving postural and muscle deficits induced by cerebral palsy. These findings were associated with improvements in oxidative balance and mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain of rats submitted to cerebral palsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Caio Matheus Santos da Silva Calado
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Souza de Silveira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Eulália Rebeca da Silva Araújo
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Severina Cassia de Andrade Silva
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Osmar Henrique Dos Santos Junior
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Luan Kelwyny Thaywã Marques da Silva
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil; Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramakrishna K, Krishnamurthy S. Indole-3-carbinol ameliorated the neurodevelopmental deficits in neonatal anoxic injury in rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:31-43. [PMID: 36259087 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal anoxia is linked to long-lasting neurodevelopmental deficits. Due to the lack of pharmacological intervention to treat neonatal anoxia, there is interest in finding new molecules for its treatment. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) has shown neuroprotective effects in some disease conditions. However, the neuroprotective role of I3C in neonatal anoxia has not been explored. Consequently, we have investigated the effect of I3C on neonatal anoxia-induced brain injury and neurodevelopmental deficits. Rat pups after 30 h of birth were subjected to two episodes of anoxia (10 min in each) at a time interval of 24 h by flowing 100% nitrogen. I3C was administered within 30 min of the second episode of anoxia on a postnatal day (PND) 3 and continued for PND 9. Neurodevelopmental deficits, cortical mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), electron transport chain (ETC) enzyme activities, oxidative stress, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels, histopathological changes, and apoptosis were measured. I3C treatment dose-dependently ameliorated the neurodevelopmental deficits and somatic growth in anoxic pups. I3C improved mitochondrial function by enhancing the MMP, mitochondrial ETC enzymes, and antioxidants. It blocked the MPTP opening and release of cytochrome C in anoxic pups. Further, I3C reduced the elevated cortical HIF-1α in neonatal anoxic pups. Furthermore, I3C ameliorated histopathological abnormalities and mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic indicators Cyt C, caspase-9, and caspase-3. Our study concludes that I3C improved neuronal development in anoxic pups by enhancing mitochondrial function, reducing HIF-1α, and mitigating apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Ramakrishna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, India.,Department of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Visco DB, Manhães de Castro R, da Silva MM, Costa de Santana BJR, Bezerra Gouveia HJC, de Moura Ferraz MLR, de Albuquerque GL, Lacerda DC, de Vasconcelos DAA, Guzman Quevedo O, Toscano AE. Neonatal kaempferol exposure attenuates gait and strength deficits and prevents altered muscle phenotype in a rat model of cerebral palsy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:80-97. [PMID: 36342836 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by brain damage at a critical period of development of the central nervous system, and, as a result, motor, behavioural and learning deficits are observed in those affected. Flavonoids such as kaempferol have demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties for neurological disorders. This study aimed to assess the effects of neonatal treatment with kaempferol on the body development, grip strength, gait performance and morphological and biochemical phenotype of skeletal muscle in rats subjected to a model of CP. The groups were formed by randomly allocating male Wistar rats after birth to four groups as follows: C = control treated with vehicle, K = control treated with kaempferol, CP = CP treated with vehicle and CPK = CP treated with kaempferol. The model of CP involved perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction of the hind paws during infancy, from the second to the 28th day of postnatal life. Treatment with kaempferol (1 mg/kg) was performed intraperitoneally during the neonatal period. Body weight and length, muscle strength, gait kinetics and temporal and spatial parameters were evaluated in the offspring. On the 36th day of postnatal life, the animals were euthanized for soleus muscle dissection. The muscle fibre phenotype was assessed using the myofibrillar ATPase technique, and the muscle protein expression was measured using the Western blot technique. A reduction in the impact of CP on body phenotype was observed, and this also attenuated deficits in muscle strength and gait. Treatment also mitigated the impact on muscle phenotype by preventing a reduction in the proportion of oxidative fibres and in the histomorphometric parameters in the soleus muscle of rats in the CP group. The results demonstrate that neonatal treatment with kaempferol attenuated gait deficits and impaired muscle strength and muscle maturation in rats subjected to a model of CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bulcão Visco
- Laboratory of Neurofunctional, Department of Biological Science and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Juacy Rodrigues Costa de Santana
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Glayciele Leandro de Albuquerque
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Diogo Antonio Alves de Vasconcelos
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Omar Guzman Quevedo
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gouveia HJCB, Manhães-de-Castro R, Lacerda DC, Toscano AE. Creatine supplementation to improve the peripheral and central inflammatory profile in cerebral palsy. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 52:254-256. [PMID: 36513462 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This opinion paper presents a brief review on the potential use of Creatine (Cr) to improve the inflammatory profile in individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP). CP is a condition that causes muscle atrophy followed by reduced strength and altered muscle tone. The prevalence of chronic diseases is higher in people with CP due to this, which are often associated with peripheral inflammation, but there are no studies that have evaluated central inflammation in this condition. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory action of Cr has already been observed in different types of studies. Thus, the use of experimental models of CP to evaluate the expression of the inflammatory markers, especially in the brain, as well as approaches to reduce the impairments already observed becomes essential. Results obtained in these preclinical studies may contribute to the quality of therapeutic strategies offered to children suffering from CP, the most common cause of chronic motor disability in childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique J C B Gouveia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Nursing, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pereira SDC, Benoit B, de Aguiar Junior FCA, Chanon S, Vieille‐Marchiset A, Pesenti S, Ruzzin J, Vidal H, Toscano AE. Fibroblast growth factor 19 as a countermeasure to muscle and locomotion dysfunctions in experimental cerebral palsy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:2122-2133. [PMID: 34704398 PMCID: PMC8718044 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) associates cerebral function damages with strong locomotor defects and premature sarcopenia. We previously showed that fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) exerts hypertrophic effects on skeletal muscle and improves muscle mass and strength in mouse models with muscle atrophy. Facing the lack of therapeutics to treat locomotor dysfunctions in CP, we investigated whether FGF19 treatment could have beneficial effects in an experimental rat model of CP. METHODS Cerebral palsy was induced in male Wistar rat pups by perinatal anoxia immediately after birth and by sensorimotor restriction of hind paws maintained until Day 28. Daily subcutaneous injections with recombinant human FGF19 (0.1 mg/kg bw) were performed from Days 22 to 28. Locomotor activity and muscle strength were assessed before and after FGF19 treatment. At Day 29, motor coordination on rotarod and various musculoskeletal parameters (weight of tibia bone and of soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles; area of skeletal muscle fibres) were evaluated. In addition, expression of specific genes linked to human CP was measured in rat skeletal muscles. RESULTS Compared to controls, CP rats had reduced locomotion activity (-37.8% of distance travelled, P < 0.05), motor coordination (-88.9% latency of falls on rotarod, P < 0.05) and muscle strength (-25.1%, P < 0.05). These defects were associated with reduction in soleus (-51.5%, P < 0.05) and EDL (-42.5%, P < 0.05) weight, smaller area of muscle fibres, and with lower tibia weight (-38%, P < 0.05). In muscles from rats submitted to CP, changes in the expression levels of several genes related to muscle development and neuromuscular junctions were similar to those found in wrist muscle of children with CP (increased mRNA levels of Igfbp5, Kcnn3, Gdf8, and MyH4 and decreased expression of Myog, Ucp2 and Lpl). Compared with vehicle-treated CP rats, FGF19 administration improved locomotor activity (+53.2%, P < 0.05) and muscle strength (+25.7%, P < 0.05), and increased tibia weight (+13.8%, P < 0.05) and soleus and EDL muscle weight (+28.6% and +27.3%, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, it reduced a number of very small fibres in both muscles (P < 0.05). Finally, gene expression analyses revealed that FGF19 might counteract the immature state of skeletal muscles induced by CP. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that pharmacological intervention with recombinant FGF19 could restore musculoskeletal and locomotor dysfunction in an experimental CP model, suggesting that FGF19 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to combat the locomotor disorders associated with CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of NutritionFederal University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
| | - Bérengère Benoit
- CarMeN laboratory, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1060, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) U1397University of Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1OullinsFrance
| | | | - Stéphanie Chanon
- CarMeN laboratory, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1060, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) U1397University of Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1OullinsFrance
| | - Aurélie Vieille‐Marchiset
- CarMeN laboratory, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1060, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) U1397University of Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1OullinsFrance
| | - Sandra Pesenti
- CarMeN laboratory, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1060, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) U1397University of Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1OullinsFrance
| | - Jérome Ruzzin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN laboratory, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1060, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) U1397University of Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1OullinsFrance
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of NutritionFederal University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
- Department of Nursing, CAVFederal University of PernambucoVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Canu MH, Montel V, Dereumetz J, Marqueste T, Decherchi P, Coq JO, Dupont E, Bastide B. Early movement restriction deteriorates motor function and soleus muscle physiology. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113886. [PMID: 34624327 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Children with low physical activity and interactions with environment experience atypical sensorimotor development and maturation leading to anatomical and functional disorganization of the sensorimotor circuitry and also to enduring altered motor function. Previous data have shown that postnatal movement restriction in rats results in locomotor disturbances, functional disorganization and hyperexcitability of the hind limb representations in the somatosensory and motor cortices, without apparent brain damage. Due to the reciprocal interplay between the nervous system and muscle, it is difficult to determine whether muscle alteration is the cause or the result of the altered sensorimotor behavior (Canu et al., 2019). In the present paper, our objectives were to evaluate the impact of early movement restriction leading to sensorimotor restriction (SMR) during development on the postural soleus muscle and on sensorimotor performance in rats, and to determine whether changes were reversed when typical activity was resumed. Rats were submitted to SMR by hind limb immobilization for 16 h / day from birth to postnatal day 28 (PND28). In situ isometric contractile properties of soleus muscle, fiber cross sectional area (CSA) and myosin heavy chain content (MHC) were studied at PND28 and PND60. In addition, the motor function was evaluated weekly from PND28 to PND60. At PND28, SMR rats presented a severe atrophy of soleus muscle, a decrease in CSA and a force loss. The muscle maturation appeared delayed, with persistence of neonatal forms of MHC. Changes in kinetic properties were moderate or absent. The Hoffmann reflex provided evidence for spinal hyperreflexia and signs of spasticity. Most changes were reversed at PND60, except muscle atrophy. Functional motor tests that require a good limb coordination, i.e. rotarod and locomotion, showed an enduring alteration related to SMR, even after one month of 'typical' activity. On the other hand, paw withdrawal test and grip test were poorly affected by SMR whereas spontaneous locomotor activity increased over time. Our results support the idea that proprioceptive feedback is at least as important as the amount of motor activity to promote a typical development of motor function. A better knowledge of the interplay between hypoactivity, muscle properties and central motor commands may offer therapeutic perspectives for children suffering from neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Canu
- Univ. Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Valérie Montel
- Univ. Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Dereumetz
- Univ. Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Tanguy Marqueste
- Institut des Sciences du Mouvement (ISM), UMR 7287 CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus Scientifique de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Patrick Decherchi
- Institut des Sciences du Mouvement (ISM), UMR 7287 CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus Scientifique de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- Institut des Sciences du Mouvement (ISM), UMR 7287 CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus Scientifique de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Erwan Dupont
- Univ. Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- Univ. Lille, Univ Artois, Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
da Conceição Pereira S, Manhães-de-Castro R, Visco DB, de Albuquerque GL, da Silva Calado CMS, da Silva Souza V, Toscano AE. Locomotion is impacted differently according to the perinatal brain injury model: Meta-analysis of preclinical studies with implications for cerebral palsy. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 360:109250. [PMID: 34116077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different approaches to reproduce cerebral palsy (CP) in animals, contribute to the knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanism of this disease and provide a basis for the development of intervention strategies. Locomotion and coordination are the main cause of disability in CP, however, few studies highlight the quantitative differences of CP models, on locomotion parameters, considering the methodologies to cause brain lesions in the perinatal period. METHODS Studies with cerebral palsy animal models that assess locomotion parameters were systematically retrieved from Medline/PubMed, SCOPUS, LILACS, and Web of Science. Methodological evaluation of included studies and quantitative assessment of locomotion parameters were performed after eligibility screening. RESULTS CP models were induced by hypoxia-ischemia (HI), Prenatal ischemia (PI), lipopolysaccharide inflammation (LPS), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), anoxia (A), sensorimotor restriction (SR), and a combination of different models. Overall, 63 studies included in qualitative synthesis showed a moderate quality of evidence. 16 studies were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Significant reduction was observed in models that combined LPS with HI related to distance traveled (SMD -7.24 95 % CI [-8.98, -5.51], Z = 1.18, p < 0.00001) and LPS with HI or anoxia with sensory-motor restriction (SMD -6.01, 95 % CI [-7.67, -4.35], Z = 7.11), or IVH (SMD -4.91, 95 % CI [-5.84, -3.98], Z = 10.31, p < 0.00001) related to motor coordination. CONCLUSION The combination of different approaches to reproduce CP in animals causes greater deficits in locomotion and motor coordination from the early stages of life to adulthood. These findings contribute to methodological refinement, reduction, and replacement in animal experimentation, favoring translational purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Posgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Posgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Diego Bulcão Visco
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Posgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Posgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Nursing, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sanches EF, Carvalho AS, van de Looij Y, Toulotte A, Wyse AT, Netto CA, Sizonenko SV. Experimental cerebral palsy causes microstructural brain damage in areas associated to motor deficits but no spatial memory impairments in the developing rat. Brain Res 2021; 1761:147389. [PMID: 33639200 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebral palsy (CP) is the major cause of motor and cognitive impairments during childhood. CP can result from direct or indirect structural injury to the developing brain. In this study, we aimed to describe brain damage and behavioural alterations during early adult life in a CP model using the combination of maternal inflammation, perinatal anoxia and postnatal sensorimotor restriction. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with 200 µg/kg LPS at embryonic days E18 and E19. Between 3 and 6 h after birth (postnatal day 0 - PND0), pups of both sexes were exposed to anoxia for 20 min. From postnatal day 2 to 21, hindlimbs of animals were immobilized for 16 h daily during their active phase. From PND40, locomotor and cognitive tests were performed using Rota-Rod, Ladder Walking and Morris water Maze. Ex-vivo MRI Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) were used to assess macro and microstructural damage and brain volume alterations induced by the model. Myelination and expression of neuronal, astroglial and microglial markers, as well as apoptotic cell death were evaluated by immunofluorescence. RESULTS CP animals showed decreased body weight, deficits in gross (rota-rod) and fine (ladder walking) motor tasks compared to Controls. No cognitive impairments were observed. Ex-vivo MRI showed decreased brain volumes and impaired microstructure in the cingulate gyrus and sensory cortex in CP brains. Histological analysis showed increased cell death, astrocytic reactivity and decreased thickness of the corpus callosum and altered myelination in CP animals. Hindlimb primary motor cortex analysis showed increased apoptosis in CP animals. Despite the increase in NeuN and GFAP, no differences between groups were observed as well as no co-localization with the apoptotic marker. However, an increase in Iba-1+ microglia with co-localization to cleaved caspase 3 was observed. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that experimental CP induces long-term brain microstructural alterations in myelinated structures, cell death in the hindlimb primary motor cortex and locomotor impairments. Such new evidence of brain damage could help to better understand CP pathophysiological mechanisms and guide further research for neuroprotective and neurorehabilitative strategies for CP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E F Sanches
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A S Carvalho
- Post-graduation Program of Neuroscience, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Y van de Looij
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging - Animal Imaging and Technology (CIBM-AIT), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Toulotte
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A T Wyse
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C A Netto
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - S V Sizonenko
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
From cerebral palsy to developmental coordination disorder: Development of preclinical rat models corresponding to recent epidemiological changes. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 63:422-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
19
|
Lacerda DC, Manhães-de-Castro R, Gouveia HJCB, Tourneur Y, Costa de Santana BJ, Assunção Santos RE, Olivier-Coq J, Ferraz-Pereira KN, Toscano AE. Treatment with the essential amino acid L-tryptophan reduces masticatory impairments in experimental cerebral palsy. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:927-939. [PMID: 31766953 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1695360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often exhibit difficulties in feeding resulting from deficits in chewing. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of L-tryptophan (TRI) to reduce deficits in chewing in rats subjected to an experimental model of CP.Methods A total of 80 Wistar albino rats were used. Pups were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: Control Saline, Control TRI, CP Saline, and CP TRI groups. The experimental model of CP was based on the combination of perinatal anoxia associated with postnatal sensorimotor restriction of the hind limbs. TRI was administered subcutaneously during the lactation period. Anatomical and behavioral parameters were evaluated during maturation, including body weight gain, food intake, chewing movements, relative weight and the distribution of the types of masseter muscle fibers.Results The induction of CP limited body weight gain, decreased food intake and led to impairment in the morphological and functional parameters of chewing. Moreover, for a comparable amount of food ingested, CP TRI animals grew the most. In addition, supplementation with TRI improved the number of chewing movements, and increased the weight and proportion of type IIB fibers of the masseter in rats subjected to CP.Conclusion These results demonstrate that experimental CP impaired the development of mastication and that TRI supplementation increased masticatory maturation in animals subjected to CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jacques Olivier-Coq
- Institut de Neuroscience de la Timone (INT), UMR 7289, CNRS Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Department of Nursing, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mechanical and microstructural changes of skeletal muscle following immobilization and/or stroke. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 19:61-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
21
|
Zanella AK, Gutierres JM, Stigger F. Effects of Scalp Acupuncture on Functional Deficits Induced by Early Sensorimotor Restriction. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2019; 12:77-83. [PMID: 31028972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of scalp acupuncture and electrostimulation, combined or not, in a disuse model consisted of early sensorimotor restriction in rats. Male Wistar pups received sensorimotor restriction from the second postnatal day (P2) until P28. Animals were divided into five different groups (n = 6): control (CT), sensorimotor restricted (SR), acupuncture (AC), electrostimulation (EL), and electroacupuncture (AC+EL). Experimental animals received sham, acupuncture, or electrical stimulation, combined or not, of two scalp regions for 7 days (P29-P35). Before treatment period (P29) and after treatment (P36), animals were evaluated with the narrow suspended bar, horizontal ladder, and stride length tests. SR animals had worse performance in the narrow suspended and horizontal ladder tasks compared with SR animals at P29 (p ≤ 0.005). Significant improvements were observed in both tasks in AC, EL, and EL+AC groups comparing P29 and P36 (p < 0.001). Also, at P35, all treated animals performed significantly better motor tasks compared with SR group (p < 0.05). There was no difference between treated groups. Finally, acupuncture and electrical stimulation, combined or not, have beneficial effect on motor performance following early developmental disuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Zanella
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jessié M Gutierres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Stigger
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fragopoulou AF, Qian Y, Heijtz RD, Forssberg H. Can Neonatal Systemic Inflammation and Hypoxia Yield a Cerebral Palsy-Like Phenotype in Periadolescent Mice? Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6883-6900. [PMID: 30941732 PMCID: PMC6728419 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common childhood-onset motor disabilities, attributed to injuries of the immature brain in the foetal or early postnatal period. The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, rendering prevention and treatment strategies challenging. The aim of the present study was to establish a mouse model of CP for preclinical assessment of new interventions. For this purpose, we explored the impact of a double neonatal insult (i.e. systemic inflammation combined with hypoxia) on behavioural and cellular outcomes relevant to CP during the prepubertal to adolescent period of mice. Pups were subjected to intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections from postnatal day (P) 3 to P6 followed by hypoxia at P7. Gene expression analysis at P6 revealed a strong inflammatory response in a brain region-dependent manner. A comprehensive battery of behavioural assessments performed between P24 and P47 showed impaired limb placement and coordination when walking on a horizontal ladder in both males and females. Exposed males also displayed impaired performance on a forelimb skilled reaching task, altered gait pattern and increased exploratory activity. Exposed females showed a reduction in grip strength and traits of anxiety-like behaviour. These behavioural alterations were not associated with gross morphological changes, white matter lesions or chronic inflammation in the brain. Our results indicate that the neonatal double-hit with LPS and hypoxia can induce subtle long-lasting deficits in motor learning and fine motor skills, which partly reflect the symptoms of children with CP who have mild gross and fine motor impairments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adamantia F Fragopoulou
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rochellys Diaz Heijtz
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,INSERM U1239, University of Rouen Normandy, 76130, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Hans Forssberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Buratti P, Covatti C, Centenaro LA, Brancalhão RMC, Torrejais MM. Morphofunctional characteristics of skeletal muscle in rats with cerebral palsy. Int J Exp Pathol 2019; 100:49-59. [PMID: 30773727 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of skeletal muscle adaptations is important to understand the functional deficits in cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to investigate the morphofunctional characteristics of skeletal muscle in a CP animal model. Initially, pregnant Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline or lipopolysaccharide over the last five days of pregnancy. The control group (n = 8) consisted of male pups born to females injected with saline. The CP group (n = 8) consisted of male pups born to females injected with lipopolysaccharide, which were submitted to perinatal anoxia [day of birth, postnatal day 0 (P0)] and sensorimotor restriction (P1-P30). The open-field test was undertaken on P29 and P45. On P48, the animals were weighed, and the plantaris muscle was collected and its weight and length were measured. Transverse sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin, NADH-TR, Masson's trichrome and non-specific esterase reaction for analysis. and transmission electron microscopy was performed. In the CP group, reductions were observed in mobility time, number of crossings and rearing frequency, body weight, muscle weight and length, and nucleus-to-fibre and capillary-to-fibre ratios. There was a statistically significant increase in the percentage area of the muscle section occupied by collagen; reduction in the area and increase in the number of type I muscle fibres; increase in myofibrillar disorganization and Z-line disorganization and dissolution; and reduction in the area and largest and smallest diameters of neuromuscular junctions. Thus this animal model of CP produced morphofunctional alterations in skeletal muscle, that were associated with evidence of motor deficits as demonstrated by the open-field test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela Buratti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Caroline Covatti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lígia Aline Centenaro
- Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcia Miranda Torrejais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Synowiec S, Lu J, Yu L, Goussakov I, Lieber R, Drobyshevsky A. Spinal Hyper-Excitability and Altered Muscle Structure Contribute to Muscle Hypertonia in Newborns After Antenatal Hypoxia-Ischemia in a Rabbit Cerebral Palsy Model. Front Neurol 2019; 9:1183. [PMID: 30705663 PMCID: PMC6344443 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbit kits after global antenatal hypoxic-ischemic injury exhibit motor deficits similar to humans with cerebral palsy. We tested several mechanisms previously implicated in spinal hyper-excitability after perinatal brain injury that may explain muscle hypertonia in newborns. Stiffness of hind limb muscles during passive stretch, electromyogram, and spinal excitability by Hoffman reflex, were assessed in rabbit kits with muscle hypertonia after global hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and naïve controls. Affected muscle architecture, motoneuron morphology, primary afferents density, gliosis, and KCC2 expression transporter in the spinal cord were also examined. Decrease knee stiffness after anesthetic administration was larger, but residual stiffness was higher in hypertonic kits compared to controls. Hypertonic kits exhibited muscle shortening and atrophy, in both agonists and antagonists. Sarcomere length was longer in tibialis anterior in hypertonic kits than in controls. Hypertonic kits had decreased rate dependent depression and increased Hmax/Mmax in H-reflex. Motor neuron soma sizes, primary afferent density were not different between controls and hypertonic kits. Length of dendritic tree and ramification index were lower in hypertonic group. Gene expression of KCC2 was lower in hypertonic kits, but protein content was not different between the groups. In conclusion, while we found evidence of decreased supraspinal inhibitory control and increased excitability by H-reflex that may contribute to neuronal component in hypertonia, increased joint resistance to stretch was explained predominantly by changes in passive properties of muscles and joints. We did not find structural evidence of increased sensory afferent input or morphological changes in motoneurons that might explain increased excitability. Gliosis, observed in spinal gray matter, may contribute to muscle hypertonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Synowiec
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Ivan Goussakov
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Richard Lieber
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University and the Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alexander Drobyshevsky
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chae SY, Jang JH, Im GH, Jeong JH, Jung WB, Ko S, Jie H, Kim JH, Chang YS, Chung S, Kim KS, Lee JH. Physical exercise enhances adult cortical plasticity in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic injury: Evidence from BOLD-fMRI and electrophysiological recordings. Neuroimage 2018; 188:335-346. [PMID: 30553043 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroplasticity is considered essential for recovery from brain injury in developing brains. Recent studies indicate that it is especially effective during early postnatal development and during the critical period. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and local field potential (LFP) electrophysiological recordings in rats that experienced neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury during the critical period to demonstrate that physical exercise (PE) can improve cortical plasticity even when performed during adulthood, after the critical period. We investigated to what extent the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-fMRI responses were increased in the contralesional spared cortex, and how these increases were related to the LFP electrophysiological measurements and the functional outcome. The balance of excitation and inhibition was assessed by measuring excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents in stellate cells in the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex, which was compared with the BOLD-fMRI responses in the contralesional S1 cortex. The ratio of inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) to excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) at the thalamocortical (TC) input to the spared S1 cortex was significantly increased by PE, which is consistent with the increased BOLD-fMRI responses and improved functional outcome. Our data clearly demonstrate in an experimental rat model of HI injury during the critical period that PE in adulthood enhances neuroplasticity and suggest that enhanced feed-forward inhibition at the TC input to the S1 cortex might underlie the PE-induced amelioration of the somatosensory deficits caused by the HI injury. In summary, the results of the current study indicate that PE, even if performed beyond the critical period or during adulthood, can be an effective therapy to treat neonatal brain injuries, providing a potential mechanism for the development of a potent rehabilitation strategy to alleviate HI-induced neurological impairments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Chae
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Jang
- BnH Research Co., Ltd., Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10594, South Korea
| | - Geun Ho Im
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Animal Research and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jeong
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Won-Beom Jung
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea; Department of Global Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjin Ko
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyesoo Jie
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Yun Sil Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Seungsoo Chung
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Ki-Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05535, South Korea.
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea; Animal Research and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Department of Global Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Delcour M, Russier M, Castets F, Turle-Lorenzo N, Canu MH, Cayetanot F, Barbe MF, Coq JO. Early movement restriction leads to maladaptive plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex and to movement disorders. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16328. [PMID: 30397222 PMCID: PMC6218548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor control and body representations in the central nervous system are built, i.e., patterned, during development by sensorimotor experience and somatosensory feedback/reafference. Yet, early emergence of locomotor disorders remains a matter of debate, especially in the absence of brain damage. For instance, children with developmental coordination disorders (DCD) display deficits in planning, executing and controlling movements, concomitant with deficits in executive functions. Thus, are early sensorimotor atypicalities at the origin of long-lasting abnormal development of brain anatomy and functions? We hypothesize that degraded locomotor outcomes in adulthood originate as a consequence of early atypical sensorimotor experiences that induce developmental disorganization of sensorimotor circuitry. We showed recently that postnatal sensorimotor restriction (SMR), through hind limb immobilization from birth to one month, led to enduring digitigrade locomotion with ankle-knee overextension, degraded musculoskeletal tissues (e.g., gastrocnemius atrophy), and clear signs of spinal hyperreflexia in adult rats, suggestive of spasticity; each individual disorder likely interplaying in self-perpetuating cycles. In the present study, we investigated the impact of postnatal SMR on the anatomical and functional organization of hind limb representations in the sensorimotor cortex and processes representative of maladaptive neuroplasticity. We found that 28 days of daily SMR degraded the topographical organization of somatosensory hind limb maps, reduced both somatosensory and motor map areas devoted to the hind limb representation and altered neuronal response properties in the sensorimotor cortex several weeks after the cessation of SMR. We found no neuroanatomical histopathology in hind limb sensorimotor cortex, yet increased glutamatergic neurotransmission that matched clear signs of spasticity and hyperexcitability in the adult lumbar spinal network. Thus, even in the absence of a brain insult, movement disorders and brain dysfunction can emerge as a consequence of reduced and atypical patterns of motor outputs and somatosensory feedback that induce maladaptive neuroplasticity. Our results may contribute to understanding the inception and mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders, such as DCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Delcour
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 7260, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13331, Marseille, France
- Equipe de Recherche en Réadaptation Sensorimotrice, Faculté de Médecine, Département de Physiologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Montréal, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michaël Russier
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 7260, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13331, Marseille, France
- Inserm UMR 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des Canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, 13344, Marseille Cedex 15, France
| | - Francis Castets
- Centre de Recherche en Neurobiologie et Neurophysiologie de Marseille UMR 7286, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13344, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marie-Hélène Canu
- Université de Lille, EA 7369 « Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé » - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Florence Cayetanot
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseille, France
- UMR_S1158 Inserm-Sorbonne Université, Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Faculté de Médecine, 75636, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 7260, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13331, Marseille, France.
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Stigger F, Barbosa S, Marques MR, Segabinazi E, Augustin OA, Achaval M, Marcuzzo S. Synaptophysin and caspase-3 expression on lumbar segments of spinal cord after sensorimotor restriction during early postnatal period and treadmill training. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:489-496. [PMID: 30018938 PMCID: PMC6028203 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836086.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether locomotor stimulation training could have beneficial effects on spinal cord plasticity consequent to sensorimotor restriction (SR). Male Wistar rats were exposed to SR from postnatal day 2 (P2) to P28. Control and experimental rats underwent locomotor stimulation training in a treadmill from P31 to P52. The intensity of the synaptophysin and caspase-3 immunoreaction was determined on ventral horn of spinal cord. The synaptophysin immunoreactivity was lower in the ventral horn of sensorimotor restricted rats compared to controls animals and was accompanied by an increased caspase-3 immunoreactivity. Those alterations were reversed at the end of the training period. Our results suggest that immobility affects the normal developmental process that spinal cord undergoes in early postnatal life influencing both pro-apoptotic and synapse markers. Also, we demonstrated that this phenomenon was reversed by 3 weeks of treadmill training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Stigger
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Silvia Barbosa
- Laboratory of Comparative Histophysiology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marília Rossato Marques
- Postgraduation Program of Neurosciences, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ethiane Segabinazi
- Postgraduation Program of Neurosciences, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Otávio Américo Augustin
- Laboratory of Comparative Histophysiology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matilde Achaval
- Postgraduation Program of Neurosciences, Department of Morphological Sciences, ICBS, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Simone Marcuzzo
- Postgraduation Program of Neurosciences, Department of Morphological Sciences, ICBS, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Delcour M, Massicotte VS, Russier M, Bras H, Peyronnet J, Canu MH, Cayetanot F, Barbe MF, Coq JO. Early movement restriction leads to enduring disorders in muscle and locomotion. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:889-901. [PMID: 29437246 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor control and body representation in the central nervous system (CNS) as well as musculoskeletal architecture and physiology are shaped during development by sensorimotor experience and feedback, but the emergence of locomotor disorders during maturation and their persistence over time remain a matter of debate in the absence of brain damage. By using transient immobilization of the hind limbs, we investigated the enduring impact of postnatal sensorimotor restriction (SMR) on gait and posture on treadmill, age-related changes in locomotion, musculoskeletal histopathology and Hoffmann reflex in adult rats without brain damage. SMR degrades most gait parameters and induces overextended knees and ankles, leading to digitigrade locomotion that resembles equinus. Based on variations in gait parameters, SMR appears to alter age-dependent plasticity of treadmill locomotion. SMR also leads to small but significantly decreased tibial bone length, chondromalacia, degenerative changes in the knee joint, gastrocnemius myofiber atrophy and muscle hyperreflexia, suggestive of spasticity. We showed that reduced and atypical patterns of motor outputs, and somatosensory inputs and feedback to the immature CNS, even in the absence of perinatal brain damage, play a pivotal role in the emergence of movement disorders and musculoskeletal pathologies, and in their persistence over time. Understanding how atypical sensorimotor development likely contributes to these degradations may guide effective rehabilitation treatments in children with either acquired (ie, with brain damage) or developmental (ie, without brain injury) motor disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Delcour
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 7260, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Vicky S Massicotte
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michaël Russier
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 7260, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Bras
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Peyronnet
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Canu
- Université de Lille, EA 7369 « Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé » - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Florence Cayetanot
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 7260, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Many biomedical research studies use captive animals to model human health and disease. However, a surprising number of studies show that the biological systems of animals living in standard laboratory housing are abnormal. To make animal studies more relevant to human health, research animals should live in the wild or be able to roam free in captive environments that offer a natural range of both positive and negative experiences. Recent technological advances now allow us to study freely roaming animals and we should make use of them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garet P Lahvis
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lacerda DC, Ferraz-Pereira KN, Visco DB, Pontes PB, Chaves WF, Guzman-Quevedo O, Manhães-de-Castro R, Toscano AE. Perinatal undernutrition associated to experimental model of cerebral palsy increases adverse effects on chewing in young rats. Physiol Behav 2017; 173:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
Santos AS, Almeida W, Popik B, Sbardelotto BM, Torrejais MM, Souza MA, Centenaro LA. Characterization of a cerebral palsy‐like model in rats: Analysis of gait pattern and of brain and spinal cord motor areas. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 60:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Morfologia Experimental, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária1619, CascavelParanáCEP: 85819‐110Brazil
| | - Wellington Almeida
- Laboratório de Morfologia Experimental, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária1619, CascavelParanáCEP: 85819‐110Brazil
| | - Bruno Popik
- Laboratório de Morfologia Experimental, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária1619, CascavelParanáCEP: 85819‐110Brazil
| | - Bruno Marques Sbardelotto
- Laboratório de Morfologia Experimental, Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária1619, CascavelParanáCEP: 85819‐110Brazil
| | - Márcia Miranda Torrejais
- Laboratório de Morfologia Experimental, Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária1619, CascavelParanáCEP: 85819‐110Brazil
| | - Marcelo Alves Souza
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua General Rondon2195, ToledoParanáCEP: 85902‐090Brazil
| | - Lígia Aline Centenaro
- Laboratório de Morfologia Experimental, Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária1619, CascavelParanáCEP: 85819‐110Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jung SY, Kim DY. Treadmill exercise improves motor and memory functions in cerebral palsy rats through activation of PI3K-Akt pathway. J Exerc Rehabil 2017; 13:136-142. [PMID: 28503524 PMCID: PMC5412485 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1734964.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a chronic disorder characterized by physical disability and disruption of brain function. We evaluated the effects of treadmill exercise on motor and memory functions in relation with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway using CP rat model. Rota-rod test, step-down avoidance task, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry, and western blot for synapsin I, postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), PI3K, Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) were performed. CP was induced by maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injection with sensorimotor restriction. Five weeks after birth, the rats in the exercise groups were made to run on the treadmill for 30 min per one day, 5 times a week, during 4 weeks. Motor and memory functions were impaired in the LPS-induced CP rats and tread-mill exercise increased motor and memory functions in the CP rats. Cell proliferation in the hippocampus was suppressed in the LPS-induced CP rats and treadmill exercise increased hippocampal cell proliferation in the CP rats. Expressions of synapsin I, PSD-95, phosphorylated (p)-PI3K, and p-Akt were decreased in the LPS-induced CP rats and treadmill exercise enhanced the expressions of synapsin I, PSD-95, p-PI3K, and p-Akt in the CP rats. GSK-3β expression was increased in the LPS-induced CP rats and treadmill exercise suppressed GSK-3β expression in the CP rats. The present results suggest that treadmill exercise might improve motor and memory functions through activation of PI3K-Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Jung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hosan University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Dae-Young Kim
- Department of Sports Healthcare, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim HN, Pak ME, Shin MJ, Kim SY, Shin YB, Yun YJ, Shin HK, Choi BT. Comparative analysis of the beneficial effects of treadmill training and electroacupuncture in a rat model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1393-1402. [PMID: 28487967 PMCID: PMC5428954 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether treadmill training and electroacupuncture (EA) have autonomous or synergistic beneficial effects on deficits caused by neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. For this purpose, rats subjected to hypoxia-ischemia underwent treadmill training and EA stimulation from 4 to 8 weeks of age. Conventional EA (CEA) and scalp EA (SEA) were delivered by electrical stimulation (2 Hz, 1 mA) at traditional acupoints and at the scalp to the primary motor area, respectively. In the behavioral examination, markedly improved performances in the rotarod test were observed in the rats that underwent treadmill exercise, and in the rats that underwent treadmill exercise and CEA compared to the untreated rats subjected to hypoxia-ischemia. An improvement was also observed in the passive avoidance test in the rats that underwent treadmill training and EA. As shown by western blot analysis, the expression levels of neuronal nuclei (NeuN), 2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase and myelin basic protein (MBP) exhibited a significant decrease in the contralateral subventricular zone (SVZ) of the rats subjected to hypoxia-ischemia compared to the controls; however, these expression levels increased following treadmill exercise and EA stimulation. As shown by immunohistochemical analyses, the thickness of the corpus callosum and the integrated optical density (IOD) of MBP were significantly increased in the rats subjected to treadmill exercise and EA compared to the untreated rats subjected to hypoxiaa-ischemia. The synergistic effects of treadmill training and EA were also observed in the protein levels and IOD of MBP. A marked increase in the number of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)- and BrdU/NeuN-positive cells in the contralateral SVZ was also observed in the rats that underwent treadmill training and EA; the number of BrdU-positive cells was synergistically affected by treadmill training and EA. These results suggest that treadmill training and EA stimulation contribute to the enhancement of behavioral recovery following hypoxia-ischemia via the upregulation of myelin components and neurogenesis. Thus, treatment with EA stimulation, as well as treadmill training offers another treatment option to promote functional recovery in cerebral palsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Neui Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Malk Eun Pak
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jun Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Yun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Tae Choi
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Silva KOGD, Pereira SDC, Portovedo M, Milanski M, Galindo LCM, Guzmán‐Quevedo O, Manhães‐de‐Castro R, Toscano AE. Effects of maternal low‐protein diet on parameters of locomotor activity in a rat model of cerebral palsy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2016; 52:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Portovedo
- Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas13084‐970CampinasBrazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas13084‐970CampinasBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Department of Nursing, CAVFederal University of Pernambuco55608‐680Vitória de Santo AntãoBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Neonatal anoxia leads to time dependent progression of mitochondrial linked apoptosis in rat cortex and associated long term sensorimotor deficits. Int J Dev Neurosci 2016; 52:55-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
36
|
Characterization of mitochondrial bioenergetics in neonatal anoxic model of rats. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2015; 47:217-22. [PMID: 25637096 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-015-9603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal anoxia at the time of birth can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and further neurodevelopmental abnormalities. The present study investigated the mitochondrial bioenergetics and associated sensorimotor changes in the anoxic neonatal rats. Rat pups after 30 h to birth (2 days) were subjected to anoxia of two episodes (10 min in each) at a time interval of 24 h by passing 100 % N2 into an enclosed chamber. Brain mitochondrial respiration was measured using clark type oxygen electrode. A significant decrease in brain respiratory control ratio (RCR; State III/IV respiration) at all-time points, complex I (24 h) and complex II (30 min, 6 and 24 h) enzyme activities indicated loss of mitochondrial integrity and function A significant increase in levels of nitric oxide was observed after second anoxic episode at all-time points. A significant change in sensorimotor activity in terms of increased reflex latency was observed 24 h after second episode in this model, which is an indication of loss of subcortical maturation. All the above changes were observed after second but not after the first anoxic exposure. Therefore, this anoxic model shows significant changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics, nitric oxide levels and sensorimotor effects after second episode of anoxia. This model may be helpful to evaluate mitochondrial targeted pharmacological intervention for the treatment of anoxia.
Collapse
|
37
|
Strata F, Giritharan G, Sebastiano FD, Piane LD, Kao CN, Donjacour A, Rinaudo P. Behavior and brain gene expression changes in mice exposed to preimplantation and prenatal stress. Reprod Sci 2014; 22:23-30. [PMID: 25398605 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114557900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation culture of mouse embryos has been suggested to result in reduced anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. Here, we investigated the effects of in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo culture, and different diets on anxiety-like behavior using the elevated plus maze (EPM). We hypothesized that exposure to suboptimal conditions during the preimplantation stage would interact with the suboptimal diet to alter behavior. The expression of genes related to anxiety was then assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in various brain regions. When fed a normal diet during gestation and a moderately high-fat Western diet (WD) postnatally, naturally conceived (NC) and IVF mice showed similar anxiety-like behavior on the EPM. However, when fed a low-protein diet prenatally and a high-fat diet postnatally (LP/HF), NC mice showed a modest increase in anxiety-like behavior, whereas IVF mice showed the opposite: a strongly reduced anxiety-like behavior on the EPM. The robust reduction in anxiety-like behavior in IVF males fed the LP/HF diets was, intriguingly, associated with reduced expression of MAO-A, CRFR2, and GABA markers in the hypothalamus and cortex. These findings are discussed in relation to the developmental origin of health and disease hypothesis and the 2-hit model, which suggests that 2 events, occurring at different times in development, can act synergistically with long-term consequences observed during adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Strata
- Dept. of Reproductive Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Dept. Neuroscience, Med. School, Parma University, Parma, Italy
| | - Gnanaratnam Giritharan
- Dept. of Reproductive Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Chia-Ning Kao
- Dept. of Reproductive Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annemarie Donjacour
- Dept. of Reproductive Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paolo Rinaudo
- Dept. of Reproductive Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Marques MR, Stigger F, Segabinazi E, Augustin OA, Barbosa S, Piazza FV, Achaval M, Marcuzzo S. Beneficial effects of early environmental enrichment on motor development and spinal cord plasticity in a rat model of cerebral palsy. Behav Brain Res 2014; 263:149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
39
|
Molecular mechanisms of treadmill therapy on neuromuscular atrophy induced via botulinum toxin A. Neural Plast 2013; 2013:593271. [PMID: 24327926 PMCID: PMC3845528 DOI: 10.1155/2013/593271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is a bacterial zinc-dependent endopeptidase that acts specifically on neuromuscular junctions. BoNT-A blocks the release of acetylcholine, thereby decreasing the ability of a spastic muscle to generate forceful contraction, which results in a temporal local weakness and the atrophy of targeted muscles. BoNT-A-induced temporal muscle weakness has been used to manage skeletal muscle spasticity, such as poststroke spasticity, cerebral palsy, and cervical dystonia. However, the combined effect of treadmill exercise and BoNT-A treatment is not well understood. We previously demonstrated that for rats, following BoNT-A injection in the gastrocnemius muscle, treadmill running improved the recovery of the sciatic functional index (SFI), muscle contraction strength, and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and area. Treadmill training had no influence on gastrocnemius mass that received BoNT-A injection, but it improved the maximal contraction force of the gastrocnemius, and upregulation of GAP-43, IGF-1, Myo-D, Myf-5, myogenin, and acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subunits α and β was found following treadmill training. Taken together, these results suggest that the upregulation of genes associated with neurite and AChR regeneration following treadmill training may contribute to enhanced gastrocnemius strength recovery following BoNT-A injection.
Collapse
|
40
|
Stigger F, Lovatel G, Marques M, Bertoldi K, Moysés F, Elsner V, Siqueira IR, Achaval M, Marcuzzo S. Inflammatory response and oxidative stress in developing rat brain and its consequences on motor behavior following maternal administration of LPS and perinatal anoxia. Int J Dev Neurosci 2013; 31:820-7. [PMID: 24140242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder of locomotion, posture and movement that can be caused by prenatal, perinatal or postnatal insults during brain development. An increased incidence of CP has been correlated to perinatal asphyxia and maternal infections during gestation. The effects of maternal exposure to low doses of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) associated or not with perinatal anoxia (PA) in oxidative and inflammatory parameters were examined in cerebral cortices of newborns pups. Concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-4, SOD, CAT and DCF were measured by the ELISA method. Other newborn rats were assessed for neonatal developmental milestones from day 1 to 21. Motor behavior was also tested at P29 using open-field and Rotarod. PA alone only increased IL-1 expression in cerebral cortex with no changes in oxidative measures. PA also induced a slight impact on development and motor performance. LPS alone was not able to delay motor development but resulted in changes in motor activity and coordination with increased levels of IL-1 and TNF-α expression associated with a high production of free radicals and elevated SOD activity. When LPS and PA were combined, changes on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters were greater. In addition, greater motor development and coordination impairments were observed. Prenatal exposure of pups to LPS appeared to sensitize the developing brain to effects of a subsequent anoxia insult resulting in an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased free radical levels in the cerebral cortex. These outcomes suggest that oxidative and inflammatory parameters in the cerebral cortex are implicated in motor deficits following maternal infection and perinatal anoxia by acting in a synergistic manner during a critical period of development of the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Stigger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Andreani JCM, Guma C. New animal model to mimic spastic cerebral palsy: the brain-damaged pig preparation. Neuromodulation 2013; 11:196-201. [PMID: 22151096 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2008.00166.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Classically, a decerebrated animal by mesencephalic lesioning is considered the paradigm for experimental study of spasticity that accompanies cerebral palsy, but, the model does not actually correspond with anatomical and pathologic realities. Therefore, a new and novel animal model is needed. Our objective was to create a more adapted animal model to be used in neuromodulation and functional electrical stimulation research. Materials and Methods. Our new model in pigs closely simulates cortical and subcortical lesions produced by perinatal anoxic brain damage, which is present in spastic cerebral palsy and other spastic conditions. Our surgical lesions were produced by means of resecting the rolandic and perirolandic areas (cortical lesion) and aspiration and coagulation of white matter and deep gray nuclei. This model results in anatomic and pathologic configurations that are similar to human spastic cerebral palsy. We physiologically tested our model both in the pre- and postoperative situations. After experimental stimulation in nonoperated animals to establish mean latencies for preoperative bilateral cervical motor-evoked potentials and to confirm the absence of abnormally propagated electromyographic activity, another group of animals were retested using the same experimental variables before and after creation of the surgical lesioning in cortical and subcortical pyramidal areas. Results. Normal latencies and no propagated electromyographic responses were found in sham animals. There were significant differences found in both latencies for motor-evoked potentials and electromyographic propagated responses when compared to pre- and postoperative values, which signaled abnormal physiology. Conclusions. This animal model presents anatomic similarities to lesions currently present in cerebral palsy and related diseases. The model also shows electrophysiologic differences that signal chronic brain damage. Therefore, this method is useful in research when spastic syndromes produced by upper motor lesions need to be modeled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos M Andreani
- Functional Neurosurgery, Instituto de Neurorehabilitación en Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Stigger F, do Nascimento PS, Dutra MF, Couto GK, Ilha J, Achaval M, Marcuzzo S. Treadmill training induces plasticity in spinal motoneurons and sciatic nerve after sensorimotor restriction during early postnatal period: new insights into the clinical approach for children with cerebral palsy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 29:833-8. [PMID: 21925584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether locomotor stimulation training could have beneficial effects on the morphometric alterations of spinal cord and sciatic nerve consequent to sensorimotor restriction (SR). Male Wistar rats were exposed to SR from postnatal day 2 (P2) to P28. Control and experimental rats underwent locomotor stimulation training in a treadmill for three weeks (from P31 to P52). The cross-sectional area (CSA) of spinal motoneurons innervating hind limb muscles was determined. Both fiber and axonal CSA of myelinated fibers were also assessed. The growth-related increase in CSA of motoneurons in the SR group was less than controls. After SR, the mean motoneuron soma size was reduced with an increase in the proportion of motoneurons with a soma size of between 0 and 800 μm(2). The changes in soma size of motoneurons were accompanied by a reduction in the mean fiber and axon CSA of sciatic nerve. The soma size of motoneurons was reestablished at the end of the training period reaching controls level. Our results suggest that SR during early postnatal life retards the growth-related increase in the cell body size of motoneurons in spinal cord and the development of sciatic nerve. Additionally, three weeks of locomotor stimulation using a treadmill seems to have a beneficial effect on motoneurons' soma size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Stigger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Delcour M, Olivier P, Chambon C, Pansiot J, Russier M, Liberge M, Xin D, Gestreau C, Alescio-Lautier B, Gressens P, Verney C, Barbe MF, Baud O, Coq JO. Neuroanatomical, sensorimotor and cognitive deficits in adult rats with white matter injury following prenatal ischemia. Brain Pathol 2011; 22:1-16. [PMID: 21615591 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal brain injury including white matter damage (WMD) is highly related to sensory, motor or cognitive impairments in humans born prematurely. Our aim was to examine the neuroanatomical, functional and behavioral changes in adult rats that experienced prenatal ischemia (PI), thereby inducing WMD. PI was induced by unilateral uterine artery ligation at E17 in pregnant rats. We assessed performances in gait, cognitive abilities and topographical organization of maps, and neuronal and glial density in primary motor and somatosensory cortices, the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, as well as axonal degeneration and astrogliosis in white matter tracts. We found WMD in corpus callosum and brainstem, and associated with the hippocampus and somatosensory cortex, but not the motor cortex after PI. PI rats exhibited mild locomotor impairments associated with minor signs of spasticity. Motor map organization and neuronal density were normal in PI rats, contrasting with major somatosensory map disorganization, reduced neuronal density, and a marked reduction of inhibitory interneurons. PI rats exhibited spontaneous hyperactivity in open-field test and short-term memory deficits associated with abnormal neuronal density in related brain areas. Thus, this model reproduces in adult PI rats the main deficits observed in infants with a perinatal history of hypoxia-ischemia and WMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Delcour
- UMR 6149 Neurobiologie Intégrative et Adaptative, CNRS-Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Geißler M, Dinse HR, Neuhoff S, Kreikemeier K, Meier C. Human umbilical cord blood cells restore brain damage induced changes in rat somatosensory cortex. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20194. [PMID: 21673795 PMCID: PMC3105979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal transplantation of human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) cells has been shown to reduce sensorimotor deficits after hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. However, the neuronal correlate of the functional recovery and how such a treatment enforces plastic remodelling at the level of neural processing remains elusive. Here we show by in-vivo recordings that hUCB cells have the capability of ameliorating the injury-related impairment of neural processing in primary somatosensory cortex. Intact cortical processing depends on a delicate balance of inhibitory and excitatory transmission, which is disturbed after injury. We found that the dimensions of cortical maps and receptive fields, which are significantly altered after injury, were largely restored. Additionally, the lesion induced hyperexcitability was no longer observed in hUCB treated animals as indicated by a paired-pulse behaviour resembling that observed in control animals. The beneficial effects on cortical processing were reflected in an almost complete recovery of sensorimotor behaviour. Our results demonstrate that hUCB cells reinstall the way central neurons process information by normalizing inhibitory and excitatory processes. We propose that the intermediate level of cortical processing will become relevant as a new stage to investigate efficacy and mechanisms of cell therapy in the treatment of brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Geißler
- Institut fur Neuroinformatik, Neural Plasticity Lab, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hubert R. Dinse
- Institut fur Neuroinformatik, Neural Plasticity Lab, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sandra Neuhoff
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Klaus Kreikemeier
- Institut fur Neuroinformatik, Neural Plasticity Lab, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carola Meier
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Takada S, Sampaio C, Allemandi W, Ito P, Takase L, Nogueira M. A modified rat model of neonatal anoxia: Development and evaluation by pulseoximetry, arterial gasometry and Fos immunoreactivity. J Neurosci Methods 2011; 198:62-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
46
|
Delcour M, Russier M, Xin DL, Massicotte VS, Barbe MF, Coq J. Mild musculoskeletal and locomotor alterations in adult rats with white matter injury following prenatal ischemia. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 29:593-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Delcour
- UMR 6149 Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, CNRS, Aix‐Marseille Université, Centre Saint Charlescase B, 3 place Victor Hugo13331Marseille Cedex 03France
| | - Michael Russier
- UMR 6149 Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, CNRS, Aix‐Marseille Université, Centre Saint Charlescase B, 3 place Victor Hugo13331Marseille Cedex 03France
| | - Dong L. Xin
- Department of Physical TherapyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA19140USA
| | - Vicky S. Massicotte
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA19140USA
| | - Mary F. Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA19140USA
| | - Jacques‐Olivier Coq
- UMR 6149 Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, CNRS, Aix‐Marseille Université, Centre Saint Charlescase B, 3 place Victor Hugo13331Marseille Cedex 03France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Strata F, Stoianov IP, de Villers-Sidani E, Bonham B, Martone T, Kenet T, Chang EF, Vincenti V, Merzenich MM. Perinatal asphyxia affects rat auditory processing: implications for auditory perceptual impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15326. [PMID: 21203459 PMCID: PMC3009724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia, a naturally and commonly occurring risk factor in birthing, represents one of the major causes of neonatal encephalopathy with long term consequences for infants. Here, degraded spectral and temporal responses to sounds were recorded from neurons in the primary auditory cortex (A1) of adult rats exposed to asphyxia at birth. Response onset latencies and durations were increased. Response amplitudes were reduced. Tuning curves were broader. Degraded successive-stimulus masking inhibitory mechanisms were associated with a reduced capability of neurons to follow higher-rate repetitive stimuli. The architecture of peripheral inner ear sensory epithelium was preserved, suggesting that recorded abnormalities can be of central origin. Some implications of these findings for the genesis of language perception deficits or for impaired language expression recorded in developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders, contributed to by perinatal asphyxia, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Strata
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Marcuzzo S, Dutra MF, Stigger F, do Nascimento PS, Ilha J, Kalil-Gaspar PI, Achaval M. Different effects of anoxia and hind-limb immobilization on sensorimotor development and cell numbers in the somatosensory cortex in rats. Brain Dev 2010; 32:323-31. [PMID: 19467580 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2009.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2009] [Revised: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of movement and posture disorders attributed to insults in the developing brain. In rats, CP-like motor deficits can be induced by early hind-limb sensorimotor restriction (SR; from postnatal days P2 to P28), associated or otherwise with perinatal anoxia (PA; on P0 and P1). In this study, we address the question of whether PA, early SR or a combination of both produces alterations to sensorimotor development. Developmental milestones (surface righting, cliff aversion, stability on an inclined surface, proprioceptive placing, auditory startle, eye opening) were assessed daily from P3 to P14. Motor skills (horizontal ladder and beam walking) were evaluated weekly (from P31 to P52). In addition, on P52, the thickness of the somatosensory (S1) and cerebellar cortices, and corpus callosum were measured, and the neuronal and glial cell numbers in S1 were counted. SR (with or without PA) significantly delayed the stability on an inclined surface and hastened the appearance of the placing reflex and impaired motor skills. No significant differences were found in the thickness measurements between the groups. Quantitative histology of S1 showed that PA, either alone or associated with SR, increased the number of glial cells, while SR alone reduced neuronal cell numbers. Finally, the combination of PA and SR increased the size of neuronal somata. We conclude that SR impairs the achievement of developmental milestones and motor skills. Moreover, both SR and PA induce histological alterations in the S1 cortex, which may contribute to sensorimotor deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Marcuzzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Martinez M, Delcour M, Russier M, Zennou-Azogui Y, Xerri C, Coq JO, Brezun JM. Differential tactile and motor recovery and cortical map alteration after C4-C5 spinal hemisection. Exp Neurol 2009; 221:186-97. [PMID: 19896483 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 10/25/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
After incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), the adult central nervous system is spontaneously capable of substantial reorganizations that can underlie functional recovery. Most studies have focused on intraspinal reorganizations after SCI and not on the correlative cortical remodeling. Yet, differential studies of neural correlates of the recovery of sensory and motor abilities may be conducted by segregating motor and somatosensory representations in distinct and topologically organized primary cortical areas. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of a cervical (C4-C5) spinal cord hemisection on sensorimotor performances and electrophysiological maps in primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices in adult rats. After SCI, an enduring loss of the affected forepaw tactile sensitivity was paralleled by the abolishment of somatosensory evoked responses in the deprived forepaw area within the S1 cortex. In contrast, severe motor deficits in unilateral forelimb were partially restored over the first postoperative month, despite remnant deficits in distal movement. The overall M1 map size was drastically reduced in SCI rats relative to intact rats. In the remaining M1 map, the shoulder and elbow movements were over-represented, consistent with the behavioral recovery of proximal joint movements in almost all rats. By contrast, residual wrist representations were observed in M1 maps of half of the rats that did not systematically correlate with a behavioral recovery of these joint movements. This study highlights the differential potential of ascending and descending pathways to reorganize after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Martinez
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, UMR 6149 Université de Provence / CNRS, Pôle 3C, case B, Marseille cedex 03, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Coq JO, Barr AE, Strata F, Russier M, Kietrys DM, Merzenich MM, Byl NN, Barbe MF. Peripheral and central changes combine to induce motor behavioral deficits in a moderate repetition task. Exp Neurol 2009; 220:234-45. [PMID: 19686738 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 07/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive motion disorders, such as carpal tunnel syndrome and focal hand dystonia, can be associated with tasks that require prolonged, repetitive behaviors. Previous studies using animal models of repetitive motion have correlated cortical neuroplastic changes or peripheral tissue inflammation with fine motor performance. However, the possibility that both peripheral and central mechanisms coexist with altered motor performance has not been studied. In this study, we investigated the relationship between motor behavior changes associated with repetitive behaviors and both peripheral tissue inflammation and cortical neuroplasticity. A rat model of reaching and grasping involving moderate repetitive reaching with negligible force (MRNF) was used. Rats performed the MRNF task for 2 h/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Reach performance was monitored by measuring reach rate/success, daily exposure, reach movement reversals/patterns, reach/grasp phase times, grip strength and grooming function. With cumulative task exposure, reach performance, grip strength and agility declined while an inefficient food retrieval pattern increased. In S1 of MRNF rats, a dramatic disorganization of the topographic forepaw representation was observed, including the emergence of large receptive fields located on both the wrist/forearm and forepaw with alterations of neuronal properties. In M1, there was a drastic enlargement of the overall forepaw map area, and of the cortex devoted to digit, arm-digits and elbow-wrist responses. In addition, unusually low current amplitude evoked digit movements. IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha increased in forearm flexor muscles and tendons of MRNF animals. The increases in IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha negatively correlated with grip strength and amount of current needed to evoke forelimb movements. This study provides strong evidence that both peripheral inflammation and cortical neuroplasticity jointly contribute to the development of chronic repetitive motion disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques-Olivier Coq
- UMR 6149 Neurobiologie Intégrative et Adaptative, CNRS-Aix-Marseille Université, Pôle 3C, Case B, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille Cedex 03, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|