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Kubíčková L, Dubový P. Dynamics of Cellular Regulation of Fractalkine/CX3CL1 and Its Receptor CX3CR1 in the Rat Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis after Unilateral Infraorbital Nerve Lesion-Extended Cellular Signaling of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis in the Development of Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6069. [PMID: 38892268 PMCID: PMC11172820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The cellular distribution and changes in CX3CL1/fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 protein levels in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (TSC) of rats with unilateral infraorbital nerve ligation (IONL) were investigated on postoperation days 1, 3, 7, and 14 (POD1, POD3, POD7, and POD14, respectively) and compared with those of sham-operated and naïve controls. Behavioral tests revealed a significant increase in tactile hypersensitivity bilaterally in the vibrissal pads of both sham- and IONL-operated animals from POD1 to POD7, with a trend towards normalization in sham controls at POD14. Image analysis revealed increased CX3CL1 immunofluorescence (IF) intensities bilaterally in the TSC neurons of both sham- and IONL-operated rats at all survival periods. Reactive astrocytes in the ipsilateral TSC also displayed CX3CL1-IF from POD3 to POD14. At POD1 and POD3, microglial cells showed high levels of CX3CR1-IF, which decreased by POD7 and POD14. Conversely, CX3CR1 was increased in TSC neurons and reactive astrocytes at POD7 and POD14, which coincided with high levels of CX3CL1-IF and ADAM17-IF. This indicates that CX3CL1/CX3CR1 may be involved in reciprocal signaling between TSC neurons and reactive astrocytes. The level of CatS-IF in microglial cells suggests that soluble CX3CL1 may be involved in neuron-microglial cell signaling at POD3 and POD7, while ADAM17 allows this release at all studied time points. These results indicate an extended CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling axis and its role in the crosstalk between TSC neurons and glial cells during the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petr Dubový
- Cellular and Molecular Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
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Moreau N, Korai SA, Sepe G, Panetsos F, Papa M, Cirillo G. Peripheral and central neurobiological effects of botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) in neuropathic pain: a systematic review. Pain 2024:00006396-990000000-00544. [PMID: 38452215 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Botulinum toxin (BoNT), a presynaptic inhibitor of acetylcholine (Ach) release at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), is a successful and safe drug for the treatment of several neurological disorders. However, a wide and recent literature review has demonstrated that BoNT exerts its effects not only at the "periphery" but also within the central nervous system (CNS). Studies from animal models, in fact, have shown a retrograde transport to the CNS, thus modulating synaptic function. The increasing number of articles reporting efficacy of BoNT on chronic neuropathic pain (CNP), a complex disease of the CNS, demonstrates that the central mechanisms of BoNT are far from being completely elucidated. In this new light, BoNT might interfere with the activity of spinal, brain stem, and cortical circuitry, modulating excitability and the functional organization of CNS in healthy conditions. Botulinum toxins efficacy on CNP is the result of a wide and complex action on many and diverse mechanisms at the basis of the maladaptive plasticity, the core of the pathogenesis of CNP. This systematic review aims to discuss in detail the BoNT's mechanisms and effects on peripheral and central neuroplasticity, at the basis for the clinical efficacy in CNP syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Moreau
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie oro-faciale, EA 7543, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sohaib Ali Korai
- Division of Human Anatomy, Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks & Systems Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sepe
- Division of Human Anatomy, Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks & Systems Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fivos Panetsos
- Neurocomputing & Neurorobotics Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos de Madrid, Silk Biomed SL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michele Papa
- Division of Human Anatomy, Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks & Systems Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cirillo
- Division of Human Anatomy, Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks & Systems Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Zanelatto FB, Vieira WF, Nishijima CM, Zanotto TM, Magalhães SFD, Sartori CR, Parada CA, Tambeli CH. Effect of propranolol on temporomandibular joint pain in repeatedly stressed rats. Eur J Oral Sci 2024; 132:e12957. [PMID: 37908149 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Stress substantially increases the risk of developing painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) by influencing the release of endogenous catecholamines. Propranolol, an antagonist of β-adrenergic receptors, has shown potential in alleviating TMD-associated pain, particularly when the level of catecholamines is elevated. The aim of this study was to explore whether intra-articular propranolol administration is effective in diminishing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain during repeated stress situations. Additionally, we investigated the effect of repeated stress on the expression of genes encoding β-adrenoceptors in the trigeminal ganglion. In the present study, rats were exposed to a stress protocol induced by sound, then to the administration of formalin in the TMJ (to elicit a nociceptive response), followed immediately afterward by different doses of propranolol, after which the analgesic response to propranolol was evaluated. We also assessed the levels of beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptor mRNAs (Adrb1 and Adrb2, respectively) using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Our findings revealed that propranolol administration reduces formalin-induced TMJ nociception more effectively in stressed rats than in non-stressed rats. Furthermore, repeated stress decreases the expression of the Adrb2 gene within the trigeminal ganglion. The findings of this study are noteworthy as they suggest that individuals with a chronic stress history might find potential benefits from β-blockers in TMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Barchesi Zanelatto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Catarine Massucato Nishijima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires Marques Zanotto
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silviane Fernandes de Magalhães
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - César Renato Sartori
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Herrera Tambeli
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lisboa MRP, Pereira AF, Alves BWDF, Dias DBS, Alves LCV, da Silva CMP, Lima-Júnior RCP, Gondim DV, Vale ML. Blockage of the fractalkine pathway reduces hyperalgesia and prevents morphological glial alterations-Comparison between inflammatory and neuropathic orofacial pain in male rats. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25269. [PMID: 38284851 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inhibitors of the fractalkine pathway in hyperalgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic orofacial pain in male rats and the morphological changes in microglia and satellite glial cells (SGCs). Rats were submitted to zymosan-induced arthritis of the temporomandibular joint or infraorbital nerve constriction, and treated intrathecally with a P2 X7 antagonist, a cathepsin S inhibitor or a p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. Mechanical hyperalgesia was evaluated 4 and 6 h following arthritis induction or 7 and 14 days following nerve ligation. The expression of the receptor CX3 CR1 , phospho-p-38 MAPK, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1), and glutamine synthetase and the morphological changes in microglia and SGCs were evaluated by confocal microscopy. In both inflammatory and neuropathic models, untreated animals presented a higher expression of CX3 CR1 and developed hyperalgesia and up-regulation of phospho-p-38 MAPK, which was prevented by all drugs (p < .05). The number of microglial processes endpoints and the total branch length were lower in the untreated animals, but the overall immunolabeling of Iba-1 was altered only in neuropathic rats (p < .05). The mean area of SGCs per neuron was significantly altered only in the inflammatory model (p < .05). All morphological alterations were reverted by modulating the fractalkine pathway (p < .05). In conclusion, the blockage of the fractalkine pathway seemed to be a possible therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and neuropathic orofacial pain, reducing mechanical hyperalgesia by impairing the phosphorylation of p-38 MAPK and reverting morphological alterations in microglia and SGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Roberto Pontes Lisboa
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Graduation in Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Anamaria Falcão Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Bernarde Souza Dias
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Delane Viana Gondim
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima Vale
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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5
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Effat KG, Berty A. Otological symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint. Cranio 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37747112 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2023.2260281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to describe the pattern of otological symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), having clinical temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement. This issue had not been previously addressed. METHODS A questionnaire and examination findings protocol was applied for 141 patients with RA and 141 control subjects. RESULTS Otological symptoms (otalgia, hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo), all had a significantly higher incidence in RA patients, compared to control subjects (P = .001). CONCLUSION The onset and maintenance of otological symptoms in patients with TMJ involvement by RA probably result from peripheral, as well as central nervous system alterations in sensory stimuli programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal G Effat
- Consultant Otolaryngologist, El-Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Berty
- Consultant Rheumatologist, St. Mark Rheumatology Center, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Lu B, Jin J, Pei S, Gong M, Liu J. Anesthesia via peripheral nerve blocks during total knee replacement has no effect on postoperative inflammation in elderly patients. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2023; 31:10225536231217539. [PMID: 38037804 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231217539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that, compared with general anesthesia (GA), the procedure of peripheral nerve blocks (PNB) facilitates faster recovery of elderly patients from total knee replacement (TKR). Here, we investigated whether the faster recovery is associated with decreased perioperative stress and inflammation and decreased incidences of postoperative complications. METHODS After randomization, 165 patients aged ≥65 years underwent TKR under GA or PNB. The primary outcomes were the perioperative inflammation and stress levels, based on the serum C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white-blood cell and neutrophil counts, and blood-sugar level. The secondary outcomes were the postoperative complications, including cardiovascular, respiratory, and hepatic or renal complications, insomnia, delirium, electrolyte disturbances, and nausea and vomiting. RESULTS The two groups were not significantly demographically different (p > .05). Of the cytokines related to stress and inflammation, the differences of time points were statistically significant between the two groups (p < .01), but two-way ANOVA revealed no interaction between the time points and groups. Incidences of postoperative complications were far lower in PNB group than in GA group (p = .006). Incidences of postoperative respiratory complications (p = .005) and postoperative nausea and vomiting (p = .040) were significantly lower in PNB group than in GA group. There were no significant differences in other complications between the two groups (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS PNB does not alleviate the stress and inflammation in elderly patients post TKR but significantly reduces the incidences of postoperative complications, especially respiratory complications, and nausea and vomiting. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01871012).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Chang'an District Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Jin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shujun Pei
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, 81st Group Military Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Maowei Gong
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junle Liu
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiamen Third Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, China
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7
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Tarkany Basting R, Henrique Napimoga M, Antônio Trindade Silva C, Ballassini Abdalla H, Campos Durso B, Henrique Barboza Martins L, de Abreu Cavalcanti H, Hammock BD, Trindade Clemente-Napimoga J. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor blockage microglial cell activation in subnucleus caudalis in a persistent model of arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110320. [PMID: 37230034 PMCID: PMC10631565 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic condition characterized by pain and infiltration of immune cells into the joint. Immune cells can be activated, producing inflammatory cytokines, leading to continuously degenerative and inflammatory reactions and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can be affected by RA. In this scenario, novel targets are needed to increase treatment efficacy with minimized side effects. The epoxy-eicosatrienoic acids (EETs), are endogenous signaling molecules, playing important roles in diminishing inflammation and pain but are promptly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), generating less-bioactive acids.Therefore, sEH inhibitors is an interest therapeutic target to enhance the beneficial effect of natural EETs. TPPU is a potent sEH inhibitor that is capable of dampening EETs hydrolysis. Thus, we aimed to assess the impact of pharmacological sEH inhibition on a persistent model of albumin-induced arthritis in the TMJ, in two scenarios: first, as post-treatment, in an installed arthritic condition, and second, the protective role, in preventing the development of an arthritic condition. In addition, we investigate the influence of sEH inhibition on microglia cell activation in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (TSC) and in vitro experiments. Finally, we examined the astrocyte phenotype. Oral administration of TPPU, acts in multiple pathways, in a protective and reparative post-treatment, ameliorating the preservation of the TMJ morphology, reducing the hypernociception, with an immunosuppressive action reducing neutrophil and lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the TMJ of rats. In TSC, TPPU reduces the cytokine storm and attenuates the microglia activated P2X7/Cathepsin S/Fractalkine pathway and reduces the astrocyte activation and glutamate levels. Collectively, our findings revealed that sEH inhibition mitigates hypersensitive nociception through the regulation of microglia activation and astrocyte modulation, demonstrating the potential use of sEH inhibitors as immunoresolvents in the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Tarkany Basting
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, United States
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, United States
| | - Carlos Antônio Trindade Silva
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, United States
| | - Henrique Ballassini Abdalla
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, United States
| | - Braz Campos Durso
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, United States
| | | | - Herbert de Abreu Cavalcanti
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America; EicOsis LLC, Davis, CA, United States of America
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Qiao Y, Li J, Yuh C, Ko F, Mercuri LG, Alkhudari J, Pourzal R, Oh CD. Chemokine Regulation in Temporomandibular Joint Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:408. [PMID: 36833336 PMCID: PMC9956915 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are conditions that affect the muscles of mastication and joints that connect the mandible to the base of the skull. Although TMJ disorders are associated with symptoms, the causes are not well proven. Chemokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of TMJ disease by promoting chemotaxis inflammatory cells to destroy the joint synovium, cartilage, subchondral bone, and other structures. Therefore, enhancing our understanding of chemokines is critical for developing appropriate treatment of TMJ. In this review, we discuss chemokines including MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-3a, RANTES, IL-8, SDF-1, and fractalkine that are known to be involved in TMJ diseases. In addition, we present novel findings that CCL2 is involved in β-catenin-mediated TMJ osteoarthritis (OA) and potential molecular targets for the development of effective therapies. The effects of common inflammatory factors, IL-1β and TNF-α, on chemotaxis are also described. In conclusion, this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for future chemokine-targeted therapies for TMJ OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Qiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215005, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Catherine Yuh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Frank Ko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Louis G. Mercuri
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jad Alkhudari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robin Pourzal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Chun-do Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Smyth P, Sasiwachirangkul J, Williams R, Scott CJ. Cathepsin S (CTSS) activity in health and disease - A treasure trove of untapped clinical potential. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 88:101106. [PMID: 35868042 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Amongst the lysosomal cysteine cathepsin family of proteases, cathepsin S (CTSS) holds particular interest due to distinctive properties including a normal restricted expression profile, inducible upregulation and activity at a broad pH range. Consequently, while CTSS is well-established as a member of the proteolytic cocktail within the lysosome, degrading unwanted and damaged proteins, it has increasingly been shown to mediate a number of distinct, more selective roles including antigen processing and antigen presentation, and cleavage of substrates both intra and extracellularly. Increasingly, aberrant CTSS expression has been demonstrated in a variety of conditions and disease states, marking it out as both a biomarker and potential therapeutic target. This review seeks to contextualise CTSS within the cysteine cathepsin family before providing an overview of the broad range of pathologies in which roles for CTSS have been identified. Additionally, current clinical progress towards specific inhibitors is detailed, updating the position of the field in exploiting this most unique of proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Smyth
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Jutharat Sasiwachirangkul
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Rich Williams
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Christopher J Scott
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
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Trindade da Silva CA, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Abdalla HB, Basting RT, Napimoga MH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and its immunomodulation function: current understanding and future therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:295-303. [PMID: 35481412 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2071697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Pain is a multidimensional experience involving the biological, psychological, and social dimensions of each individual. Particularly, the biological aspects of pain conditions are a response of the neuroimmunology system and the control of painful conditions is a worldwide challenge for researchers. Although years of investigation on pain experience and treatment exist, the high prevalence of chronic pain is still a fact. AREAS COVERED : Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. It regulates several metabolic pathways, including lipid biosynthesis and glucose metabolism, when activated. However, PPARγ activation also has a critical immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effect. EXPERT OPINION : This review summarizes the evidence of synthetic or natural PPARγ ligands such as 15d-PGJ2, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, thiazolidinediones, and specialized pro-resolving mediators, representing an interesting therapeutic tool for pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Antonio Trindade da Silva
- Laboratoy of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Trindade Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratoy of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballassini Abdalla
- Laboratoy of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosanna Tarkany Basting
- Laboratoy of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- Laboratoy of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic Campinas, SP, Brazil
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11
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Muñoz-Lora VRM, Dugonjić Okroša A, Matak I, Del Bel Cury AA, Kalinichev M, Lacković Z. Antinociceptive Actions of Botulinum Toxin A1 on Immunogenic Hypersensitivity in Temporomandibular Joint of Rats. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030161. [PMID: 35324657 PMCID: PMC8953731 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin type A1 (BoNT-A) reduces the peripheral peptide and cytokine upregulation in rats with antigen-evoked persistent immunogenic hypersensitivity (PIH) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Herein, we examined the effects of two preparations of BoNT-A, abobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT-A; Dysport) and onabotulinumtoxinA (onaBoNT-A; Botox), on spontaneous and evoked nociceptive behaviors, as well as on central neuronal and astroglial activation. The antigen-evoked PIH was induced in rats via repeated systemic and unilateral intra-articular (i.a.) injections of methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA). Rats were subsequently injected with unilateral i.a. aboBoNT-A (14 U/kg), onaBoNT-A (7 U/kg), or the vehicle (saline). After i.a. treatments, spontaneous and mechanically evoked nocifensive behaviors were assessed before and after the low-dose i.a. formalin (0.5%) challenge. The central effects of BoNT-A were assessed by an immunohistochemical analysis of cleaved synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (cSNAP-25) presence, c-Fos, GFAP, and CGRP expression in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). Both BoNT-A preparations similarly reduced the formalin-induced spontaneous pain-related behaviors and mechanical allodynia of the hypernociceptive rats. Likewise, their effects were associated with the central occurrence of cSNAP-25 and reduction of c-Fos and GFAP upregulation in the TNC. BoNT-A antinociceptive activity on the PIH is associated with the toxin axonal transport to trigeminal sensory areas and reduction of neuronal and glial activation in central nociceptive regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ricardo Manuel Muñoz-Lora
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.R.M.M.-L.); (I.M.)
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil;
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo 04661-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Dugonjić Okroša
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivica Matak
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.R.M.M.-L.); (I.M.)
| | - Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil;
| | | | - Zdravko Lacković
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.R.M.M.-L.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-4566-843
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12
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Mazuqueli Pereira EDSB, Basting RT, Abdalla HB, Garcez AS, Napimoga MH, Clemente-Napimoga JT. Photobiomodulation inhibits inflammation in the temporomandibular joint of rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 222:112281. [PMID: 34388640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been applied as a non-invasive technique for treating temporomandibular joint symptoms, especially on painful condition's relief, however the anti-inflammatory mechanism underlying the effect of PBM remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms of action of PBM (808 nm) in a carrageenan-induced inflammation on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats. In this study male Wistar rats were pre-treated with irradiation of a low-power diode laser for 15 s on TMJ (infra-red 808 nm, 100 mW, 50 J/cm2 and 1.5 J) 15 min prior an injection in the temporomandibular joint of carrageenan (100 μg/TMJ). 1 h after the TMJ treatments, the rats were terminally anesthetized for joint cavity wash and periarticular tissues collect. Samples analysis demonstrated that PBM inhibit leukocytes chemotaxis in the TMJ and significantly reduces amounts of TNF-α, IL-1β and CINC-1. In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that PBM significantly decreased the protein levels of P2X3 and P2X7 receptors in the periarticular tissues. On the other hand, PBM was able to increase protein level of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine). In summary, it is possible to suggest that PBM inhibit inflammatory chemotaxis, modulation the balance of the pro- and anti-inflammatory characteristics of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosanna Tarkany Basting
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballassini Abdalla
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aguinaldo Silva Garcez
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
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13
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Yi Y, Zhou X, Xiong X, Wang J. Neuroimmune interactions in painful TMD: Mechanisms and treatment implications. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:553-563. [PMID: 34322892 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0621-731rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms and treatment of painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are important but understudied topics in craniofacial research. As a group of musculoskeletal diseases, the onset of painful TMD is proved to be a result of disturbance of multiple systems. Recently, emerging evidence has revealed the involvement of neuroimmune interactions in painful TMD. Inflammatory factors play an important role in peripheral sensitization of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and neurogenic inflammation in turn enhances TMJs dysfunction in TMD. Furthermore, centralized neuroimmune communications contribute to neuron excitability amplification, leading to pain sensitization, and is also responsible for chronic TMD pain and other CNS symptoms. Therapeutics targeting neuroimmune interactions may shed light on new approaches for treating TMD. In this review, we will discuss the role of neuroimmune interactions in the onset of painful TMD from the peripheral and centralized perspectives, and how understanding this mechanism could provide new treatment options. Insights into the neuroimmune interactions within TMJs and painful TMD would broaden the knowledge of mechanisms and treatments of this multifactorial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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14
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Solis-Castro OO, Wong N, Boissonade FM. Chemokines and Pain in the Trigeminal System. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2021; 2:689314. [PMID: 35295531 PMCID: PMC8915704 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2021.689314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotactic cytokines or chemokines are a large family of secreted proteins able to induce chemotaxis. Chemokines are categorized according to their primary amino acid sequence, and in particular their cysteine residues that form disulphide bonds to maintain the structure: CC, CXC, CX3C, and XC, in which X represents variable amino acids. Among their many roles, chemokines are known to be key players in pain modulation in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Thus, they are promising candidates for novel therapeutics that could replace current, often ineffective treatments. The spinal and trigeminal systems are intrinsically different beyond their anatomical location, and it has been suggested that there are also differences in their sensory mechanisms. Hence, understanding the different mechanisms involved in pain modulation for each system could aid in developing appropriate pharmacological alternatives. Here, we aim to describe the current landscape of chemokines that have been studied specifically with regard to trigeminal pain. Searching PubMed and Google Scholar, we identified 30 reports describing chemokines in animal models of trigeminal pain, and 15 reports describing chemokines involved in human pain associated with the trigeminal system. This review highlights the chemokines studied to date at different levels of the trigeminal system, their cellular localization and, where available, their role in a variety of animal pain models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar O. Solis-Castro
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Wong
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona M. Boissonade
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Fiona M. Boissonade
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15
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Ettlin DA, Napimoga MH, Meira E Cruz M, Clemente-Napimoga JT. Orofacial musculoskeletal pain: An evidence-based bio-psycho-social matrix model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:12-20. [PMID: 34118294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a multidimensional experience comprising sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions. Clinical and research findings have demonstrated a complex interplay between social burdens, individual coping strategies, mood states, psychological disorders, sleep disturbances, masticatory muscle tone, and orofacial musculoskeletal pain. Accordingly, current classification systems for orofacial pain require psychosocial assessments to be an integral part of the multidimensional diagnostic process. Here, we review evidence on how psychosocial and biological factors may generate and perpetuate musculoskeletal orofacial pain. Specifically, we discuss studies investigating a putative causal relationship between stress, bruxism, and pain in the masticatory system. We present findings that attribute brain structures various roles in modulating pain perception and pain-related behavior. We also examine studies investigating how the nervous and immune system on cellular and molecular levels may account for orofacial nociceptive signaling. Furthermore, we review evidence pointing towards associations between orofacial musculoskeletal pain and neuroendocrine imbalances, sleep disturbances, and alterations of the circadian timing system. We conclude with several proposals that may help to alleviate orofacial pain in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A Ettlin
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Orofacial Pain Unit, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro De Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel Meira E Cruz
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro De Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Sleep Unit, Cardiovascular Center of University of Lisbon, Lisbon School of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Trindade Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro De Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Nicot R, Barry F, Chijcheapaza-Flores H, Garcia-Fernandez MJ, Raoul G, Blanchemain N, Chai F. A Systematic Review of Rat Models With Temporomandibular Osteoarthritis Suitable for the Study of Emerging Prolonged Intra-Articular Drug Delivery Systems. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 79:1650-1671. [PMID: 33775650 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of minimally invasive therapies for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) has focused on drug intra-articular injections to avoid the systemic adverse effects experienced when these substances are administered orally. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to answer the question "Which method of induction of a TMJOA-related pain model in rats leads to prolonged painful symptoms, allowing the best assessment of a sustained drug delivery system?" MATERIALS AND METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched MEDLINE for papers published from 1994 to July 2020 on a TMJ arthritis model using rats. We identified the means of pain induction and of nociception assessment. We assessed protocol bias using an adaptation of the QUADAS-2 tool. Animal selection, the reference standard method of pain assessment, applicability of a statistical assessment, and flow and timing were assessed. RESULTS Of the 59 full papers we reviewed, 41 performed no pain assessment after the first 7 days following induction of the TMJ-related pain model. We eventually identified 18 long-term TMJOA-related pain models. Pain was induced by injection of toxic substances, most commonly Freund's complete adjuvant (50 μg per 50 μl), formalin at various concentrations, or monosodium iodoacetate (0,5 mg per 50 μl), into the TMJ, or by physical methods. Few studies reported data on pain after 21 days of follow-up. Heterogeneity of induction methods, pain assessment methods, and flow and timing biases precluded a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Given that pain is 1 of the main symptoms of TMJOA, experimental study protocols should include long-term pain assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Nicot
- Associate Professor, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France.
| | - Florent Barry
- Resident, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
| | - Henry Chijcheapaza-Flores
- Research Assistant, Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
| | - Maria José Garcia-Fernandez
- Associate Professor, Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
| | - Gwénaël Raoul
- Professor, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchemain
- Professor, Department Head, Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
| | - Feng Chai
- Research engineer, Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
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Manuel Muñoz-Lora VR, Abdalla HB, Del Bel Cury AA, Clemente-Napimoga JT. Modulatory effect of botulinum toxin type A on the microglial P2X7/CatS/FKN activated-pathway in antigen-induced arthritis of the temporomandibular joint of rats. Toxicon 2020; 187:116-121. [PMID: 32882256 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Analgesic mechanism of Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) involves retrograde axonal transport to central nervous system, where it may interact with sensory neurons. Though, some authors suggested that BoNT/A antinociceptive action may also be associated with the inhibition intracellular factors and neuromodulators expressed by immune cells, especially by microglia. Antigen-induced arthritis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats is signal by P2X7 receptor/Cathepsin S (CatS)/Fractalkine (FKN) microglia-activated pathway. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible modulatory effect of an intra-TMJ injection of BoNT/A on the P2X7/CatS/FKN microglia-activated pathway in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis of rats with antigen-induced arthritis of the TMJ. A model of antigen-induced arthritis was used on Wistar rats (n = 40) by systemic injections of an emulsion containing complete Freund's adjuvant and methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) diluted in PBS. The arthritic condition was stablished by an intra-TMJ injection of mBSA (10 μg/TMJ/week) for 3 weeks. Then, animals were treated with an intra-TMJ injection of BoNT/A (onabotulinumtoxinA, Allergan®; 7U/kg) or vehicle saline. Animals were euthanized 24 h, 7 or 14 days after BoNT/A treatment and their trigeminal nucleus caudalis was harvested to evaluate the protein level of microglial purinergic P2X7 receptor and CX3 chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) by Western blot, and to measure the protein level of microglial modulators CatS, FKN, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis alfa (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antigen-induced arthritis in the TMJ significantly increased the protein levels of P2X7, CatS, FKN, TNF-α and IL-1β in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (P < 0.05). The intra-TMJ injection of BoNT/A reduced the protein levels of P2X7 in all time points tested. Additionally, BoNT/A significantly reduced the protein levels of CatS, FKN, and TNF-α 14 days after treatment. However, IL-1β was significantly reduced just 24 h after the BoNT/A intra-TMJ treatment. Based on our results, we can suggest that the intra-TMJ injection of BoNT/A may promote a central effect by reducing the P2X7/CatS/FKN microglia-activated pathway in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ricardo Manuel Muñoz-Lora
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballassini Abdalla
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Trindade Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Peripheral soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition reduces hypernociception and inflammation in albumin-induced arthritis in temporomandibular joint of rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106841. [PMID: 32736189 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue, joint dysfunction, and damage. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endogenous anti-inflammatory compounds, which are quickly converted by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme into a less active form with decreased biological effects. The inhibition of the sEH enzyme has been used as a strategy to lower nociception and inflammation. The goal of this study was to investigate whether the peripheral treatment with the sEH enzyme inhibitor 1- trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) could prevent the hypernociception and inflammation in the albumin-induced arthritis model in rats' temporomandibular joint (TMJ). After the induction of experimental arthritis, animals were assessed for nociceptive behavior test, leukocyte infiltration counts and histologic analysis, ELISA to quantify several cytokines and Western blotting. The peripheral pretreatment with TPPU inhibited the arthritis-induced TMJ hypernociception and leukocyte migration. Moreover, the local concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines were diminished by TPPU, while the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 was up-regulated in the TMJ tissue. Finally, TPPU significantly decreased protein expression of iNOS, while did not alter the expression of MRC1. This study provides evidence that the peripheral administration of TPPU reduces hypernociception and inflammation in TMJ experimental arthritis.
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Abdalla HB, Napimoga MH, Lopes AH, de Macedo Maganin AG, Cunha TM, Van Dyke TE, Clemente Napimoga JT. Activation of PPAR-γ induces macrophage polarization and reduces neutrophil migration mediated by heme oxygenase 1. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abdalla HB, Napimoga MH, Macedo CG, Bonfante R, De Araujo D, de Mello NF, Carvalho LB, Fraceto LF, Clemente-Napimoga JT. Poloxamer micellar system for intra-articular injection of 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 with improved bioavailability and anti-inflammatory properties in the temporomandibular joint of rats. Int J Pharm 2020; 583:119383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Huang S, Cao Y. Correlation of cathepsin S with coronary stenosis degree, carotid thickness, blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial function in atherosclerosis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:61-66. [PMID: 31853273 PMCID: PMC6909596 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Correlation of cathepsin S with coronary stenosis degree, carotid thickness, blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, and vascular endothelial function in patients with atherosclerosis was investigated. Data from 120 patients with increased cathepsin S levels (increased group) and 120 subjects with normal cathepsin S levels (normal group) were retrospectively analyzed. The serum cathepsin S level and Gensini score were compared between the healthy subjects and patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and the correlation between serum cathepsin S level and Gensini score was analyzed. The carotid thickness, mean arterial pressure, and indexes related to glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as vascular endothelial function were compared between the two groups. The correlation of the serum cathepsin S level with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), mean arterial pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC) and nitric oxide (NO) was also investigated. Patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) had higher serum cathepsin S level than those with double-vessel and single-vessel disease, and higher level than that of healthy subjects. The Gensini score of patients with multi-vessel CAD was higher than that of patients with double-vessel and single-vessel disease, as well as that of healthy subjects. The serum cathepsin S level was positively correlated with the Gensini score. Patients with increased cathepsin S level had greater IMT, higher mean arterial pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin (FINS), triglyceride (TG), TC, and endothelin-1 (ET-1), however, lower NO level than those of healthy subjects. The serum cathepsin S level was positively correlated with IMT, mean arterial pressure, fasting blood glucose, and TC, however, it was negatively correlated with the NO level. In conclusion, as the serum cathepsin S level is elevated, the coronary stenosis is aggravated, the carotid thickness and blood pressure are increased, and the glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as vascular endothelial function are significantly abnormal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Huang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- Cardiovascular Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
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22
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Qiang Z, Yu W. Chemokine CCL7 regulates spinal phosphorylation of GluA1-containing AMPA receptor via interleukin-18 in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Neurosci Lett 2019; 711:134440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Early Phase of Type 1 Diabetes Decreases the Responsiveness of C-Fiber Nociceptors in the Temporomandibular Joint of Rats. Neuroscience 2019; 416:229-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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24
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de Sousa LM, Dos Santos Alves JM, da Silva Martins C, Pereira KMA, Goes P, Gondim DV. Immunoexpression of canonical Wnt and NF-κB signaling pathways in the temporomandibular joint of arthritic rats. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:889-900. [PMID: 31372663 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the participation of canonical Wnt and NF-κB signaling pathways in an experimental model of chronic arthritis induced by methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ). MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were sensitized by mBSA+Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA)/Incomplete Freund Adjuvant (IFA) on the first 14 days (1 ×/week). Subsequently, they received 1, 2 or 3 mBSA or saline solution injections into the TMJ (1 ×/week). Hypernociceptive threshold was assessed during the whole experimental period. 24 h after the mBSA injections, the TMJs were removed for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses for TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, RANKL, Wnt-10b, β-catenin and DKK1. RESULTS The nociceptive threshold was significantly reduced after mBSA injections. An inflammatory infiltrate and thickening of the synovial membrane were observed only after mBSA booster injections. Immunolabeling of TNF-α, IL-1β and Wnt-10b was increased in the synovial membrane in arthritic groups. The immunoexpression of nuclear β-catenin was significantly higher only in the group that received 2 booster TMJ injections. However, NF-κB, RANKL and DKK1 immunoexpression were increased only in animals with 3 mBSA intra-articular injections. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that canonical Wnt and NF-κB signaling pathways participate in the hypernociception and inflammatory response in TMJ synovial membrane during the development of rheumatoid arthritis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luane Macêdo de Sousa
- Post Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60416-030, Brazil
| | - Joana Maria Dos Santos Alves
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Conceição da Silva Martins
- Post Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60416-030, Brazil
| | - Karuza Maria Alves Pereira
- Post Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60416-030, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Paula Goes
- Post Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60416-030, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Delane Viana Gondim
- Post Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60416-030, Brazil. .,Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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