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Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Easwaran M, Chi HY, Thiruvengadam M, Kim SH. Dynamic interplay of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in plant resilience: unveiling the signaling pathways and metabolic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:198. [PMID: 39023775 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Plants respond to environmental challenges by producing reactive species such as ROS and RNS, which play critical roles in signaling pathways that lead to adaptation and survival strategies. Understanding these pathways, as well as their detection methods and effects on plant development and metabolism, provides insight into increasing crop tolerance to combined stresses. Plants encounter various environmental stresses (abiotic and biotic) that affect plant growth and development. Plants sense biotic and abiotic stresses by producing different molecules, including reactive species, that act as signaling molecules and stimulate secondary messengers and subsequent gene transcription. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are produced in both physiological and pathological conditions in the plasma membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Various techniques, including spectroscopy, chromatography, and fluorescence methods, are used to detect highly reactive, short-half-life ROS and RNS either directly or indirectly. In this review, we highlight the roles of ROS and RNS in seed germination, root development, senescence, mineral nutrition, and post-harvest control. In addition, we provide information on the specialized metabolism involved in plant growth and development. Secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, are produced in low concentrations in plants for signaling and metabolism. Strategies for improving crop performance under combined drought and pathogen stress conditions are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Maheswaran Easwaran
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Hee Youn Chi
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Mazumder AK, Yadav R, Kumar M, Babu P, Kumar N, Singh SK, Solanke AU, Wani SH, Alalawy AI, Alasmari A, Gaikwad KB. Discovering novel genomic regions explaining adaptation of bread wheat to conservation agriculture through GWAS. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16351. [PMID: 39013994 PMCID: PMC11252282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To sustainably increase wheat yield to meet the growing world population's food demand in the face of climate change, Conservation Agriculture (CA) is a promising approach. Still, there is a lack of genomic studies investigating the genetic basis of crop adaptation to CA. To dissect the genetic architecture of 19 morpho-physiological traits that could be involved in the enhanced adaptation and performance of genotypes under CA, we performed GWAS to identify MTAs under four contrasting production regimes viz., conventional tillage timely sown (CTTS), conservation agriculture timely sown (CATS), conventional tillage late sown (CTLS) and conservation agriculture late sown (CALS) using an association panel of 183 advanced wheat breeding lines along with 5 checks. Traits like Phi2 (Quantum yield of photosystem II; CATS:0.37, CALS: 0.31), RC (Relative chlorophyll content; CATS:55.51, CALS: 54.47) and PS1 (Active photosystem I centers; CATS:2.45, CALS: 2.23) have higher mean values in CA compared to CT under both sowing times. GWAS identified 80 MTAs for the studied traits across four production environments. The phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by these QTNs ranged from 2.15 to 40.22%. Gene annotation provided highly informative SNPs associated with Phi2, NPQ (Quantum yield of non-photochemical quenching), PS1, and RC which were linked with genes that play crucial roles in the physiological adaptation under both CA and CT. A highly significant SNP AX94651261 (9.43% PVE) was identified to be associated with Phi2, while two SNP markers AX94730536 (30.90% PVE) and AX94683305 (16.99% PVE) were associated with NPQ. Identified QTNs upon validation can be used in marker-assisted breeding programs to develop CA adaptive genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Mazumder
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rajbir Yadav
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manjeet Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Prashanth Babu
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Shabir H Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, 192101, India
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, Jammu-Kashmir, India
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiran B Gaikwad
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Rashkov GD, Stefanov MA, Yotsova EK, Borisova PB, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Exploring Nitric Oxide as a Regulator in Salt Tolerance: Insights into Photosynthetic Efficiency in Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1312. [PMID: 38794383 PMCID: PMC11125177 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The growing issue of salinity is a significant threat to global agriculture, affecting diverse regions worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) serves as an essential signal molecule in regulating photosynthetic performance under physiological and stress conditions. The present study reveals the protective effects of different concentrations (0-300 µM) of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a donor of NO) on the functions of the main complexes within the photosynthetic apparatus of maize (Zea mays L. Kerala) under salt stress (150 mM NaCl). The data showed that SNP alleviates salt-induced oxidative stress and prevents changes in the fluidity of thylakoid membranes (Laurdan GP) and energy redistribution between the two photosystems (77K chlorophyll fluorescence ratio F735/F685). Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements demonstrated that the foliar spray with SNP under salt stress prevents the decline of photosystem II (PSII) open reaction centers (qP) and improves their efficiency (Φexc), thereby influencing QA- reoxidation. The data also revealed that SNP protects the rate constants for two pathways of QA- reoxidation (k1 and k2) from the changes caused by NaCl treatment alone. Additionally, there is a predominance of QA- interaction with plastoquinone in comparison to the recombination of electrons in QA QB- with the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). The analysis of flash oxygen evolution showed that SNP treatment prevents a salt-induced 10% increase in PSII centers in the S0 state, i.e., protects the initial S0-S1 state distribution, and the modification of the Mn cluster in the OEC. Moreover, this study demonstrates that SNP-induced defense occurs on both the donor and acceptor sides of the PSII, leading to the protection of overall photosystems performance (PIABS) and efficient electron transfer from the PSII donor side to the reduction of PSI end electron acceptors (PItotal). This study clearly shows that the optimal protection under salt stress occurs at approximately 50-63 nmoles NO/g FW in leaves, corresponding to foliar spray with 50-150 µM SNP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Emilia L. Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.D.R.); (M.A.S.); (E.K.Y.); (P.B.B.); (A.G.D.)
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Rashkov GD, Stefanov MA, Yotsova EK, Borisova PB, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Impact of Sodium Nitroprusside on the Photosynthetic Performance of Maize and Sorghum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:118. [PMID: 38202426 PMCID: PMC10781006 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important molecule in regulating plant growth, development and photosynthetic performance. This study investigates the impact of varying concentrations (0-300 µM) of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a donor of NO) on the functions of the photosynthetic apparatus in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Albanus) and maize (Zea mays L. Kerala) under physiological conditions. Analysis of the chlorophyll fluorescence signals (using PAM and the JIP-test) revealed an increased amount of open PSII reaction centers (qP increased), but it did not affect the number of active reaction centers per PSII antenna chlorophyll (RC/ABS). In addition, the smaller SNP concentrations (up to 150 μM) alleviated the interaction of QA with plastoquine in maize, while at 300 μM it predominates the electron recombination on QAQB-, with the oxidized S2 (or S3) states of oxygen evolving in complex ways in both studied plant species. At the same time, SNP application stimulated the electron flux-reducing end electron acceptors at the PSI acceptor side per reaction center (REo/RC increased up to 26%) and the probability of their reduction (φRo increased up to 20%). An increase in MDA (by about 30%) and H2O2 contents was registered only at the highest SNP concentration (300 µM). At this concentration, SNP differentially affected the amount of P700+ in studied plant species, i.e., it increased (by 10%) in maize but decreased (by 16%) in sorghum. The effects of SNP on the functions of the photosynthetic apparatus were accompanied by an increase in carotenoid content in both studied plants. Additionally, data revealed that SNP-induced changes in the photosynthetic apparatus differed between maize and sorghum, suggesting species specificity for SNP's impact on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Emilia L. Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.D.R.); (M.A.S.); (E.K.Y.); (P.B.B.); (A.G.D.)
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Imran M, Hussain S, Iqbal A, Saleem MH, Rehman NU, Mo Z, Chen X, Tang X. Nitric oxide confers cadmium tolerance in fragrant rice by modulating physio-biochemical processes, yield attributes, and grain quality traits. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115078. [PMID: 37285677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) stress causes serious disruptions in plant metabolism, physio-biochemical processes, crop yield, and quality characters. Nitric oxide (NO) improves the quality features and nutritional contents of fruit plants. However, how NO confers Cd toxicity in fragrant rice plants, is sparse. Hence, the present study investigated the effects of 50 µM NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on physio-biochemical processes, plant growth attributes, grain yield, and quality traits of fragrant rice under Cd stress (100 mg kg-1 soil). The results revealed that Cd stress diminished rice plant growth, impaired photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidant defense system, and deteriorated the grain quality traits. However, foliar application of SNP mitigated Cd stress by improving plant growth and gas exchange attributes. Higher electrolyte leakage (EL) was accompanied with elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under Cd stress; however, exogenous application of SNP reduced them. The activities and relative expression levels of enzymatic antioxidants; superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and non-enzymatic antioxidants, glutathione (GSH) contents were reduced by Cd stress, while SNP application regulated their activity and transcript abundances. SNP application improved fragrant rice grain yield and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content by 57.68 % and 75.54 % respectively, which is concomitant with higher biomass accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency, photosynthetic pigment contents, and an improved antioxidant defense system. Collectively, our results concluded that SNP application regulated the fragrant rice plant physio-biochemical processes, yield traits and grain quality characters under Cd-affected soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, PR China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Anas Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Naveed Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, PR China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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Hill RD, de Castro J, Mira MM, Igamberdiev AU, Hebelstrup KH, Renault S, Xu W, Badea A, Stasolla C. Over-expression of the barley Phytoglobin 1 (HvPgb1) evokes leaf-specific transcriptional responses during root waterlogging. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 283:153944. [PMID: 36933369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation (hypoxia) in the root due to waterlogging causes profound metabolic changes in the aerial organs depressing growth and limiting plant productivity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Genome-wide analyses in waterlogged wild type (WT) barley (cv. Golden Promise) plants and plants over-expressing the phytoglobin 1 HvPgb1 [HvPgb1(OE)] were performed to determine leaf specific transcriptional responses during waterlogging. Normoxic WT plants outperformed their HvPgb1(OE) counterparts for dry weight biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration. Root waterlogging severely depressed all these parameters in WT plants but not in HvPgb1(OE) plants, which exhibited an increase in photosynthetic rate. In leaftissue, root waterlogging repressed genes encoding photosynthetic components and chlorophyll biosynthetic enzymes, while induced those of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating enzymes. This repression was alleviated in HvPgb1(OE) leaves which also exhibited an induction of enzymes participating in antioxidant responses. In the same leaves, the transcript levels of several genes participating in nitrogen metabolism were also higher relative to WT leaves. Ethylene levels were diminished by root waterlogging in leaves of WT plants, but not in HvPgb1(OE), which were enriched in transcripts of ethylene biosynthetic enzymes and ethylene response factors. Pharmacological treatments increasing the level or action of ethylene further suggested the requirement of ethylene in plant response to root waterlogging. In natural germplasm an elevation in foliar HvPgb1 between 16h and 24h of waterlogging occurred in tolerant genotypes but not in susceptible ones. By integrating morpho-physiological parameters with transcriptome data, this study provides a framework defining leaf responses to root waterlogging and indicates that the induction of HvPgb1 may be used as a selection tool to enhance resilience to excess moisture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hill
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
| | - James de Castro
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
| | - Mohammed M Mira
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C5S7, Canada
| | - Kim H Hebelstrup
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Forsogsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Sylvie Renault
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
| | - Wayne Xu
- Brandon Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2701 Grand Valley Road, Brandon, MB, R7A 5Y3, Canada
| | - Ana Badea
- Brandon Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2701 Grand Valley Road, Brandon, MB, R7A 5Y3, Canada
| | - Claudio Stasolla
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada.
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Stefanov MA, Rashkov GD, Yotsova EK, Borisova PB, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Protective Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on Photosynthetic Performance of Sorghum bicolor L. under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:832. [PMID: 36840183 PMCID: PMC9966380 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impacts of the foliar application of different sodium nitroprusside (SNP, as a donor of nitric oxide) concentrations (0-300 µM) on two sorghum varieties (Sorghum bicolor L. Albanus and Sorghum bicolor L. Shamal) under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) were investigated. The data revealed that salinity leads to an increase in oxidative stress markers and damage of the membrane integrity, accompanied by a decrease in the chlorophyll content, the open photosystem II (PSII) centers, and the performance indexes (PI ABS and PI total), as well as having an influence on the electron flux reducing photosystem I (PSI) end acceptors (REo/RC). Spraying with SNP alleviated the NaCl toxicity on the photosynthetic functions; the protection was concentration-dependent, and greater in Shamal than in Albanus, i.e., variety specific. Furthermore, the experimental results revealed that the degree of SNP protection under salt stress also depends on the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) amount in leaves, the number of active reaction centers per PSII antenna chlorophylls, the enhanced electron flux reducing end acceptors at the acceptor side of PSI, as well as the stimulation of the cyclic electron transport around PSI. The results showed better protection in both varieties of sorghum for SNP concentrations up to 150 µM, which corresponds to about a 50% increase in the endogenous NO leaf content in comparison to the control plants. Our study provides valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying SNP-induced salt tolerance in sorghum varieties and might be a practical approach to correcting salt intolerance.
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Determination of Reactive Oxygen or Nitrogen Species and Novel Volatile Organic Compounds in the Defense Responses of Tomato Plants against Botrytis cinerea Induced by Trichoderma virens TRS 106. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193051. [PMID: 36231012 PMCID: PMC9563596 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Trichoderma virens TRS 106 decreased grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea in tomato plants (S. lycopersicum L.) by enhancing their defense responses. Generally, plants belonging to the ‘Remiz’ variety, which were infected more effectively by B. cinerea than ‘Perkoz’ plants, generated more reactive molecules such as superoxide (O2−) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and less hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), S-nitrosothiols (SNO), and green leaf volatiles (GLV). Among the new findings, histochemical analyses revealed that B. cinerea infection caused nitric oxide (NO) accumulation in chloroplasts, which was not detected in plants treated with TRS 106, while treatment of plants with TRS 106 caused systemic spreading of H2O2 and NO accumulation in apoplast and nuclei. SPME-GCxGC TOF-MS analysis revealed 24 volatile organic compounds (VOC) released by tomato plants treated with TRS 106. Some of the hexanol derivatives, e.g., 4-ethyl-2-hexynal and 1,5-hexadien-3-ol, and salicylic acid derivatives, e.g., 4-hepten-2-yl and isoamyl salicylates, are considered in the protection of tomato plants against B. cinerea for the first time. The results are valuable for further studies aiming to further determine the location and function of NO in plants treated with Trichoderma and check the contribution of detected VOC in plant protection against B. cinerea.
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Gupta KJ, Kaladhar VC, Fitzpatrick TB, Fernie AR, Møller IM, Loake GJ. Nitric oxide regulation of plant metabolism. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:228-242. [PMID: 34971792 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important signal molecule in plants, having myriad roles in plant development. In addition, NO also orchestrates both biotic and abiotic stress responses, during which intensive cellular metabolic reprogramming occurs. Integral to these responses is the location of NO biosynthetic and scavenging pathways in diverse cellular compartments, enabling plants to effectively organize signal transduction pathways. NO regulates plant metabolism and, in turn, metabolic pathways reciprocally regulate NO accumulation and function. Thus, these diverse cellular processes are inextricably linked. This review addresses the numerous redox pathways, located in the various subcellular compartments that produce NO, in addition to the mechanisms underpinning NO scavenging. We focus on how this molecular dance is integrated into the metabolic state of the cell. Within this context, a reciprocal relationship between NO accumulation and metabolite production is often apparent. We also showcase cellular pathways, including those associated with nitrate reduction, that provide evidence for this integration of NO function and metabolism. Finally, we discuss the potential importance of the biochemical reactions governing NO levels in determining plant responses to a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067 India.
| | - Vemula Chandra Kaladhar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi 110067 India
| | - Teresa B Fitzpatrick
- Vitamins and Environmental Stress Responses in Plants, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211 Switzerland
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476 Germany
| | - Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Gary J Loake
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.
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Solymosi D, Shevela D, Allahverdiyeva Y. Nitric oxide represses photosystem II and NDH-1 in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148507. [PMID: 34728155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic electron transfer comprises a series of light-induced redox reactions catalysed by multiprotein machinery in the thylakoid. These protein complexes possess cofactors susceptible to redox modifications by reactive small molecules. The gaseous radical nitric oxide (NO), a key signalling molecule in green algae and plants, has earlier been shown to bind to Photosystem (PS) II and obstruct electron transfer in plants. The effects of NO on cyanobacterial bioenergetics however, have long remained obscure. In this study, we exposed the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to NO under anoxic conditions and followed changes in whole-cell fluorescence and oxidoreduction of P700 in vivo. Our results demonstrate that NO blocks photosynthetic electron transfer in cells by repressing PSII, PSI, and likely the NDH dehydrogenase-like complex 1 (NDH-1). We propose that iron‑sulfur clusters of NDH-1 complex may be affected by NO to such an extent that ferredoxin-derived electron injection to the plastoquinone pool, and thus cyclic electron transfer, may be inhibited. These findings reveal the profound effects of NO on Synechocystis cells and demonstrate the importance of controlled NO homeostasis in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Solymosi
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, FI 20014, Finland
| | - Dmitry Shevela
- Chemical Biological Centre, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, FI 20014, Finland.
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do Carmo GC, Iastrenski LF, Debiasi TV, da Silva RC, Gomes DG, Pelegrino MT, Bianchini E, Stolf-Moreira R, Pimenta JA, Seabra AB, Oliveira HC. Nanoencapsulation improves the protective effects of a nitric oxide donor on drought-stressed Heliocarpus popayanensis seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112713. [PMID: 34478983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite the important role played by nitric oxide (NO) in plants subjected to abiotic stress, NO donors application to induce drought tolerance in neotropical tree seedlings has not yet been tested. It is also worth investigating whether NO bioactivity in drought-stressed seedlings could be potentiated by NO donors nanoencapsulation. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effects of chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) containing S-nitroso-mercaptosuccinic acid (S-nitroso-MSA) on drought-stressed seedlings of neotropical tree species Heliocarpus popayanensis Kunth in comparison to free NO donor and NPs loaded with non-nitrosated MSA. Nanoencapsulation slowed down NO release from S-nitroso-MSA, and nanoencapsulated S-nitroso-MSA yielded 2- and 1.6-fold higher S-nitrosothiol levels in H. popayanensis roots and leaves, respectively, than the free NO donor. S-nitroso-MSA has prevented drought-induced CO2 assimilation inhibition, regardless of nanoencapsulation, but the nanoencapsulated NO donor has induced earlier ameliorative effect. Both NO and MSA have decreased oxidative stress in H. popayanensis roots, but this effect was not associated with antioxidant enzyme induction, with higher seedling biomass, or with proline and glycine betaine accumulation. Nanoencapsulated S-nitroso-MSA was the only formulation capable of increasing leaf relative water content in drought-stressed plants (from 32.3% to 60.5%). In addition, it induced root hair formation (increase by 36.6% in comparison to well-hydrated plants). Overall, results have evidenced that nanoencapsulation was capable of improving the protective effect of S-nitroso-MSA on H. popayanensis seedlings subjected to drought stress, a fact that highlighted the potential application of NO-releasing NPs to obtain drought-tolerant tree seedlings for reforestation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Camargo do Carmo
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena Felix Iastrenski
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Viegas Debiasi
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Caetano da Silva
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Diego Genuário Gomes
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Milena Trevisan Pelegrino
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados 5001, CEP 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Edmilson Bianchini
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata Stolf-Moreira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Pimenta
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Amedea Barozzi Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados 5001, CEP 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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12
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Jedelská T, Luhová L, Petřivalský M. Nitric oxide signalling in plant interactions with pathogenic fungi and oomycetes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:848-863. [PMID: 33367760 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen species have emerged as crucial signalling and regulatory molecules across all organisms. In plants, fungi, and fungi-like oomycetes, NO is involved in the regulation of multiple processes during their growth, development, reproduction, responses to the external environment, and biotic interactions. It has become evident that NO is produced and used as a signalling and defence cue by both partners in multiple forms of plant interactions with their microbial counterparts, ranging from symbiotic to pathogenic modes. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of NO in plant-pathogen interactions, focused on biotrophic, necrotrophic, and hemibiotrophic fungi and oomycetes. Actual advances and gaps in the identification of NO sources and fate in plant and pathogen cells are discussed. We review the decisive role of time- and site-specific NO production in germination, oriented growth, and active penetration by filamentous pathogens of the host tissues, as well in pathogen recognition, and defence activation in plants. Distinct functions of NO in diverse interactions of host plants with fungal and oomycete pathogens of different lifestyles are highlighted, where NO in interplay with reactive oxygen species governs successful plant colonization, cell death, and establishment of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Jedelská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Luhová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Petřivalský
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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13
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Lopes-Oliveira PJ, Oliveira HC, Kolbert Z, Freschi L. The light and dark sides of nitric oxide: multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in plant responses to light. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:885-903. [PMID: 33245760 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Light drives photosynthesis and informs plants about their surroundings. Regarded as a multifunctional signaling molecule in plants, nitric oxide (NO) has been repeatedly demonstrated to interact with light signaling cascades to control plant growth, development and metabolism. During early plant development, light-triggered NO accumulation counteracts negative regulators of photomorphogenesis and modulates the abundance of, and sensitivity to, plant hormones to promote seed germination and de-etiolation. In photosynthetically active tissues, NO is generated at distinct rates under light or dark conditions and acts at multiple target sites within chloroplasts to regulate photosynthetic reactions. Moreover, changes in NO concentrations in response to light stress promote plant defenses against oxidative stress under high light or ultraviolet-B radiation. Here we review the literature on the interaction of NO with the complicated light and hormonal signaling cascades controlling plant photomorphogenesis and light stress responses, focusing on the recently identified molecular partners and action mechanisms of NO in these events. We also discuss the versatile role of NO in regulating both photosynthesis and light-dependent stomatal movements, two key determinants of plant carbon gain. The regulation of nitrate reductase (NR) by light is highlighted as vital to adjust NO production in plants living under natural light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Sunil B, Rajsheel P, Aswani V, Bapatla RB, Talla SK, Raghavendra AS. Photosynthesis is sensitive to nitric oxide and respiration sensitive to hydrogen peroxide: Studies with pea mesophyll protoplasts. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 246-247:153133. [PMID: 32065920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Reports on the effect of nitric oxide (NO) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) on photosynthesis and respiration in leaf tissues are intriguing; therefore, the effects of exogenous addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, releases NO) or H2O2 on the photosynthetic O2 evolution and respiratory O2 uptake by mesophyll protoplasts in pea (Pisum sativum) were evaluated in the present study. Low concentrations of SNP or H2O2 were used to minimize nonspecific effects. The effects of NO or H2O2 on respiration and photosynthesis were different. The presence of NO decreased the rate of photosynthesis but caused a marginal stimulation of dark respiration. Conversely, externally administered H2O2 drastically decreased the rate of respiration but only slightly decreased photosynthesis. The PS I activity was more sensitive to NO than PS II. On the other hand, 100 μM H2O2 had no effect on the photochemical reactions of either PS I or PS II. The sensitivity of photosynthesis to antimycin A or SHAM (reflecting the interplay between chloroplasts and mitochondria) was not affected by NO. By contrast, H2O2 markedly decreased the sensitivity of photosynthesis to antimycin A and SHAM. It can be concluded that chloroplasts are the primary targets of NO, while mitochondria are the primary targets of ROS in plant cells. We propose that H2O2 can be an important signal to modulate the crosstalk between chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobba Sunil
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pidakala Rajsheel
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Vetcha Aswani
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Ramesh B Bapatla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Sai K Talla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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15
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León J, Costa-Broseta Á. Present knowledge and controversies, deficiencies, and misconceptions on nitric oxide synthesis, sensing, and signaling in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43. [PMID: 31323702 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
After 30 years of intensive work, nitric oxide (NO) has just started to be characterized as a relevant regulatory molecule on plant development and responses to stress. Its reactivity as a free radical determines its mode of action as an inducer of posttranslational modifications of key target proteins through cysteine S-nitrosylation and tyrosine nitration. Many of the NO-triggered regulatory actions are exerted in tight coordination with phytohormone signaling. This review not only summarizes and updates the information accumulated on how NO is synthesized, sensed, and transduced in plants but also makes emphasis on controversies, deficiencies, and misconceptions that are hampering our present knowledge on the biology of NO in plants. The development of noninvasive accurate tools for the endogenous NO quantitation as well as the implementation of genetic approaches that overcome misleading pharmacological experiments will be critical for getting significant advances in better knowledge of NO homeostasis and regulatory actions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- José León
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Costa-Broseta
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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16
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A forty year journey: The generation and roles of NO in plants. Nitric Oxide 2019; 93:53-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Effects of nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles on neotropical tree seedlings submitted to acclimation under full sun in the nursery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17371. [PMID: 31758079 PMCID: PMC6874562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles have emerged as carrier systems for molecules that release nitric oxide (NO), a free radical involved in plant stress responses. However, to date, nanoencapsulated NO donors have not been applied to plants under realistic field conditions. Here, we verified the effects of free and nanoencapsulated NO donor, S-nitroso-mercaptosuccinic acid (S-nitroso-MSA), on growth, physiological and biochemical parameters of neotropical tree seedlings kept under full sunlight in the nursery for acclimation. S-nitroso-MSA incorporation into chitosan nanoparticles partially protected the NO donor from thermal and photochemical degradation. The application of nanoencapsulated S-nitroso-MSA in the substrate favoured the growth of seedlings of Heliocarpus popayanensis, a shade-intolerant tree. In contrast, free S-nitroso-MSA or nanoparticles containing non-nitrosated mercaptosuccinic acid reduced photosynthesis and seedling growth. Seedlings of Cariniana estrellensis, a shade-tolerant tree, did not have their photosynthesis and growth affected by any formulations, despite the increase of foliar S-nitrosothiol levels mainly induced by S-nitroso-MSA-loaded nanoparticles. These results suggest that depending on the tree species, nanoencapsulated NO donors can be used to improve seedling acclimation in the nursery.
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18
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Sugar beet hemoglobins: reactions with nitric oxide and nitrite reveal differential roles for nitrogen metabolism. Biochem J 2019; 476:2111-2125. [PMID: 31285352 PMCID: PMC6668756 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In contrast with human hemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells, plant Hbs do not transport oxygen, instead research points towards nitrogen metabolism. Using comprehensive and integrated biophysical methods we characterized three sugar beet Hbs: BvHb1.1, BvHb1.2 and BvHb2. Their affinities for oxygen, CO, and hexacoordination were determined. Their role in nitrogen metabolism was studied by assessing their ability to bind NO, to reduce nitrite (NiR, nitrite reductase), and to form nitrate (NOD, NO dioxygenase). Results show that BvHb1.2 has high NOD-like activity, in agreement with the high nitrate levels found in seeds where this protein is expressed. BvHb1.1, on the other side, is equally capable to bind NO as to form nitrate, its main role would be to protect chloroplasts from the deleterious effects of NO. Finally, the ubiquitous, reactive, and versatile BvHb2, able to adopt 'open and closed forms', would be part of metabolic pathways where the balance between oxygen and NO is essential. For all proteins, the NiR activity is relevant only when nitrite is present at high concentrations and both NO and oxygen are absent. The three proteins have distinct intrinsic capabilities to react with NO, oxygen and nitrite; however, it is their concentration which will determine the BvHbs' activity.
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19
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Nitric Oxide Increases the Physiological and Biochemical Stability of Soybean Plants under High Temperature. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9080412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stress reduces plant growth and development, resulting in considerable economic losses in crops such as soybeans. Nitric oxide (NO) in plants is associated with tolerance to various abiotic stresses. Nevertheless, there are few studies of the range of observed effects of NO in modulating physiological and metabolic functions in soybean plants under high temperature. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor), on anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic processes of soybean plants exposed to high temperature. Soybean plants were grown in soil: sand (2:1) substrate in acclimatized growth chambers. At developmental V3 stage, plants were exposed to two temperatures (25 °C and 40 °C) and SNP (0 and 100 μM), in a randomized block experimental design, with five replicates. After six days, we quantified NO concentration, leaf anatomy, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and metabolite profiles. Higher NO concentration in soybean plants exposed to high temperature and SNP showed increased effective quantum yields of photosystem II (PSII) and photochemical dissipation, thereby maintaining the photosynthetic rate. Under high temperature, NO also promoted greater activity of ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activity, avoiding lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, in addition to regulating amino acid and organic compound levels. These results suggest that NO prevented damage caused by high temperature in soybean plants, illustrating the potential to mitigate thermal stress in cultivated plants.
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Hájková M, Kummerová M, Zezulka Š, Babula P, Váczi P. Diclofenac as an environmental threat: Impact on the photosynthetic processes of Lemna minor chloroplasts. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:892-899. [PMID: 30986895 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms of pharmaceuticals action on biochemical and physiological processes in plants that determine plant growth and development are still mostly unknown. This study deals with the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (DCF) on photosynthesis as an essential anabolic process. Changes in primary and secondary photosynthetic processes were assessed in chloroplasts isolated from Lemna minor exposed to 1, 10, 100, and 1000 μM DCF. Decreases in the potential and effective quantum yields of photosystem II (FV/FM by 21%, ΦII by 44% compared to control), changes in non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ), and a substantial drop in Hill reaction activity (by 73%), especially under 1000 μM DCF, were found. Limitation of electron transport through photosystem II was confirmed by increased fluorescence signals in steps J and I (by 50% and 23%, respectively, under 1000 μM DCF) in OJIP fluorescence transient. Photosystem I exhibited changes only in the redox state of P700 reaction centres (decrease in Pm by 10%, increase in reduced P700 by 5% under 1000 μM DCF). Similarly, RuBisCO activity was only lowered by 30% under 1000 μM DCF. In contrast, a significant increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (by 116% and 157%, respectively) was observed under 10 μM DCF, and lipid peroxidation increased even at 1 μM DCF (by nearly seven times compared to the control). Results demonstrate the ability of environmentally relevant DCF concentrations to induce oxidative stress in isolated duckweed chloroplasts; however, photosynthetic processes were affected considerably only by the highest DCF treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Hájková
- Department of Plant Physiology and Anatomy, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Kummerová
- Department of Plant Physiology and Anatomy, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Štěpán Zezulka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Anatomy, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Váczi
- Department of Plant Physiology and Anatomy, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
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21
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Batista PF, Costa AC, Müller C, Silva-Filho RDO, Barbosa da Silva F, Merchant A, Mendes GC, Nascimento KJT. Nitric oxide mitigates the effect of water deficit in Crambe abyssinica. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:310-322. [PMID: 29925047 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Crambe abyssinica is widely cultivated in the off-season in the Midwest region of Brazil with great potential for biodeisel production. Low precipitation is characteristic of this region, which can drastically affect the productivity of C. abyssinica. Signaling molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), can potentially alleviate the effects of water stress on plants. Here we test whether nitric oxide, applied by donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), can alleviate the occurrence of water deficit damages in Crambe plants and maintain physiological and biochemical processes. Crambe plants were sprayed with three doses of SNP (0, 75, and 150 μM) and were submitted to two water levels (100% and 50% of the maximum water holding capacity). After 32 and 136 h, leaves were analyzed to evaluate the concentration of NO, water relations, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, chloroplastidic pigments, proline, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, and the antioxidant enzymes activity. Application of SNP allowed the maintenance of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in plants exposed to water deficit, as well as increased the concentration of NO, proline, chloroplastidic pigments and osmotic potential. The application of SNP also decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species in plants submitted to water deficit. Thus, the application of SNP prevented the occurrence of symptoms of water deficit in Crambe plants, maintaining the physiological and biochemical responses at reference levels, even under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ferreira Batista
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology - Campus Rio Verde, P.O. Box 66, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Alan Carlos Costa
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology - Campus Rio Verde, P.O. Box 66, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Müller
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology - Campus Rio Verde, P.O. Box 66, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Robson de Oliveira Silva-Filho
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology - Campus Rio Verde, P.O. Box 66, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Fábia Barbosa da Silva
- Stressed Plant Studies Laboratory, The University of São Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), P.O. Box 9, 13418- 900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrew Merchant
- Centre for Carbon Water and Food, The University of Sydney, Camden, 2570, NSW, Australia
| | - Giselle Camargo Mendes
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology - Campus Rio Verde, P.O. Box 66, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Kelly Juliane Telles Nascimento
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology - Campus Rio Verde, P.O. Box 66, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
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22
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Shen ZJ, Chen J, Ghoto K, Hu WJ, Gao GF, Luo MR, Li Z, Simon M, Zhu XY, Zheng HL. Proteomic analysis on mangrove plant Avicennia marina leaves reveals nitric oxide enhances the salt tolerance by up-regulating photosynthetic and energy metabolic protein expression. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:1605-1622. [PMID: 29917117 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-jun Shen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kabir Ghoto
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Wen-jun Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Gui-feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Mei-rong Luo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zan Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Martin Simon
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xue-yi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Hai-lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
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Zhang ZW, Li MX, Huang B, Feng LY, Wu F, Fu YF, Zheng XJ, Peng HQ, Chen YE, Yang HN, Wu LT, Yuan M, Yuan S. Nitric oxide regulates chlorophyllide biosynthesis and singlet oxygen generation differently between Arabidopsis and barley. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:6-15. [PMID: 29510200 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has a general inhibitory effects on chlorophyll biosynthesis, especially to the step of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthesis and protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide) conversion (responsible by the NADPH:Pchlide oxidoreductase POR). Previous study suggested that barley large POR aggregates may be generated by dithiol oxidation of cysteines of two POR monomers, which can be disconnected by some reducing agents. POR aggregate assembly may be correlated with seedling greening in barley, but not in Arabidopsis. Thus, NO may affect POR activity and seedling greening differently between Arabidopsis and barley. We proved this assumption by non-denaturing gel-analysis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) monitoring during the greening. NO treatments cause S-nitrosylation to POR cysteine residues and disassembly of POR aggregates. This modification reduces POR activity and induces Pchlide accumulation and singlet oxygen generation upon dark-to-high-light shift (and therefore inducing photobleaching lesions) in barley leaf apex, but not in Arabidopsis seedlings. ROS staining and ROS-related-gene expression detection confirmed that superoxide anion and singlet oxygen accumulated in barley etiolated seedlings after the NO treatments, when exposed to a fluctuating light. The data suggest that POR aggregate assembly may be correlated with barley chlorophyll biosynthesis and redox homeostasis during greening. Cysteine S-nitrosylation may be one of the key reasons for the NO-induced inhibition to chlorophyll biosynthetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Wei Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Meng-Xia Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bo Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ling-Yang Feng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Yu-Fan Fu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Zheng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hong-Qian Peng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang-Er Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Hai-Ning Yang
- Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Lin-Tao Wu
- Rape Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Abbas G, Murtaza B, Bibi I, Shahid M, Niazi NK, Khan MI, Amjad M, Hussain M, Natasha. Arsenic Uptake, Toxicity, Detoxification, and Speciation in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E59. [PMID: 29301332 PMCID: PMC5800158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmental contamination with arsenic (As) is a global environmental, agricultural and health issue due to the highly toxic and carcinogenic nature of As. Exposure of plants to As, even at very low concentration, can cause many morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. The recent research on As in the soil-plant system indicates that As toxicity to plants varies with its speciation in plants (e.g., arsenite, As(III); arsenate, As(V)), with the type of plant species, and with other soil factors controlling As accumulation in plants. Various plant species have different mechanisms of As(III) or As(V) uptake, toxicity, and detoxification. This review briefly describes the sources and global extent of As contamination and As speciation in soil. We discuss different mechanisms responsible for As(III) and As(V) uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants, at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. This review highlights the importance of the As-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as their damaging impacts on plants at biochemical, genetic, and molecular levels. The role of different enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (salicylic acid, proline, phytochelatins, glutathione, nitric oxide, and phosphorous) substances under As(III/V) stress have been delineated via conceptual models showing As translocation and toxicity pathways in plant species. Significantly, this review addresses the current, albeit partially understood, emerging aspects on (i) As-induced physiological, biochemical, and genotoxic mechanisms and responses in plants and (ii) the roles of different molecules in modulation of As-induced toxicities in plants. We also provide insight on some important research gaps that need to be filled to advance our scientific understanding in this area of research on As in soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, Australia
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
| | - Munawar Hussain
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (I.B.); (M.I.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Natasha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-61100, Pakistan; (G.A.); (B.M.); (M.A.); (N.)
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Corpas FJ, Del Río LA, Palma JM. A Role for RNS in the Communication of Plant Peroxisomes with Other Cell Organelles? Subcell Biochem 2018; 89:473-493. [PMID: 30378037 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are organelles with a very active participation in the cellular regulation of the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, during the last two decades peroxisomes have been shown to be also a relevant source of nitric oxide (NO) and other related molecules designated as reactive nitrogen species (RNS). ROS and RNS have been mainly associated to nitro-oxidative processes; however, some members of these two families of molecules such as H2O2, NO or S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) are also involved in the mechanism of signaling processes mainly through post-translational modifications. Peroxisomes interact metabolically with other cell compartments such as chloroplasts, mitochondria or oil bodies in different pathways including photorespiration, glyoxylate cycle or β-oxidation, but peroxisomes are also involved in the biosynthesis of phytohormones including auxins and jasmonic acid (JA). This review will provide a comprehensive overview of peroxisomal RNS metabolism with special emphasis in the identified protein targets of RNS inside and outside these organelles. Moreover, the potential interconnectivity between peroxisomes and other plant organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts, which could have a regulatory function will be explored, with special emphasis on photorespiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
| | - Luis A Del Río
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
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26
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Hardeland R. Taxon- and Site-Specific Melatonin Catabolism. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22112015. [PMID: 29160833 PMCID: PMC6150314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22112015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is catabolized both enzymatically and nonenzymatically. Nonenzymatic processes mediated by free radicals, singlet oxygen, other reactive intermediates such as HOCl and peroxynitrite, or pseudoenzymatic mechanisms are not species- or tissue-specific, but vary considerably in their extent. Higher rates of nonenzymatic melatonin metabolism can be expected upon UV exposure, e.g., in plants and in the human skin. Additionally, melatonin is more strongly nonenzymatically degraded at sites of inflammation. Typical products are several hydroxylated derivatives of melatonin and N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK). Most of these products are also formed by enzymatic catalysis. Considerable taxon- and site-specific differences are observed in the main enzymatic routes of catabolism. Formation of 6-hydroxymelatonin by cytochrome P450 subforms are prevailing in vertebrates, predominantly in the liver, but also in the brain. In pineal gland and non-mammalian retina, deacetylation to 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT) plays a certain role. This pathway is quantitatively prevalent in dinoflagellates, in which 5-MT induces cyst formation and is further converted to 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid, an end product released to the water. In plants, the major route is catalyzed by melatonin 2-hydroxylase, whose product is tautomerized to 3-acetamidoethyl-3-hydroxy-5-methoxyindolin-2-one (AMIO), which exceeds the levels of melatonin. Formation and properties of various secondary products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Bürgerstr 50, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Silveira NM, Frungillo L, Marcos FCC, Pelegrino MT, Miranda MT, Seabra AB, Salgado I, Machado EC, Ribeiro RV. Exogenous nitric oxide improves sugarcane growth and photosynthesis under water deficit. PLANTA 2016; 244:181-90. [PMID: 27002974 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated redox signaling plays a role in alleviating the negative impact of water stress in sugarcane plants by improving root growth and photosynthesis. Drought is an environmental limitation affecting sugarcane growth and yield. The redox-active molecule nitric oxide (NO) is known to modulate plant responses to stressful conditions. NO may react with glutathione (GSH) to form S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), which is considered the main reservoir of NO in cells. Here, we investigate the role of NO in alleviating the effects of water deficit on growth and photosynthesis of sugarcane plants. Well-hydrated plants were compared to plants under drought and sprayed with mock (water) or GSNO at concentrations ranging from 10 to 1000 μM. Leaf GSNO sprayed plants showed significant improvement of relative water content and leaf and root dry matter under drought compared to mock-sprayed plants. Additionally, plants sprayed with GSNO (≥ 100 μM) showed higher leaf gas exchange and photochemical activity as compared to mock-sprayed plants under water deficit and after rehydration. Surprisingly, a raise in the total S-nitrosothiols content was observed in leaves sprayed with GSH or GSNO, suggesting a long-term role of NO-mediated responses to water deficit. Experiments with leaf discs fumigated with NO gas also suggested a role of NO in drought tolerance of sugarcane plants. Overall, our data indicate that the NO-mediated redox signaling plays a role in alleviating the negative effects of water stress in sugarcane plants by protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and improving shoot and root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neidiquele M Silveira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Frungillo
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernanda C C Marcos
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena T Pelegrino
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela T Miranda
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amedea B Seabra
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Ione Salgado
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Machado
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael V Ribeiro
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Hussain A, Mun BG, Imran QM, Lee SU, Adamu TA, Shahid M, Kim KM, Yun BW. Nitric Oxide Mediated Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Activation of Multiple Regulatory Pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:975. [PMID: 27446194 PMCID: PMC4926318 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance between the accumulation and removal of nitric oxide and its derivatives is a challenge faced by all plants at the cellular level, and is especially important under stress conditions. Exposure of plants to various biotic and abiotic stresses causes rapid changes in cellular redox tone potentiated by the rise in reactive nitrogen species that serve as signaling molecules in mediating defensive responses. To understand mechanisms mediated by these signaling molecules, we performed a large-scale analysis of the Arabidopsis transcriptome induced by nitrosative stress. We generated an average of 84 and 91 million reads from three replicates each of control and 1 mM S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO)-infiltrated Arabidopsis leaf samples, respectively. After alignment, more than 95% of all reads successfully mapped to the reference and 32,535 genes and 55,682 transcripts were obtained. CysNO infiltration caused differential expression of 6436 genes (3448 up-regulated and 2988 down-regulated) and 6214 transcripts (3335 up-regulated and 2879 down-regulated) 6 h post-infiltration. These differentially expressed genes were found to be involved in key physiological processes, including plant defense against various biotic and abiotic stresses, hormone signaling, and other developmental processes. After quantile normalization of the FPKM values followed by student's T-test (P < 0.05) we identified 1165 DEGs (463 up-regulated and 702 down-regulated) with at least 2-folds change in expression after CysNO treatment. Expression patterns of selected genes involved in various biological pathways were verified using quantitative real-time PCR. This study provides comprehensive information about plant responses to nitrosative stress at transcript level and would prove helpful in understanding and incorporating mechanisms associated with nitrosative stress responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan, Pakistan
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Qari M. Imran
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Lee
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Teferi A. Adamu
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu, South Korea
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Stefanov M, Yotsova E, Rashkov G, Ivanova K, Markovska Y, Apostolova EL. Effects of salinity on the photosynthetic apparatus of two Paulownia lines. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 101:54-59. [PMID: 26854407 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of soil salinity on the functional activity of photosynthetic apparatus and pigment composition of two Paulownia lines (Paulownia tomentosa x fortunei and Paulownia elongata x elongata) were investigated. PAM chlorophyll fluorescence measurements revealed that salinity leads to: (i) an increase of the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and the linear electron transport rate (ETR) in both lines of Paulownia, while the maximum quantum yield of the primary photochemistry of PSII in the dark adapted state (Fv/Fm) was unaffected; (ii) improved the efficiency of the photochemical energy conversion (ФPSII); (iii) an impact on the chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio (RFd), which correlates to the net CO2 assimilation rate; (iv) an impact on [Formula: see text] reoxidation. The analysis of the kinetics of P700(+) reduction upon turning off far-red irradiation revealed that salinization lead to a delay of the cyclic electron transport around PSI in both studied lines as the effect on this process is more pronounced in P. tomentosa x fortunei than in (in comparison with) P. elongata x elongata. The present experimental results suggested high salt tolerance of the studied lines Paulownia, but P. tomentosa x fortunei is more tolerant to salinity than P. elongata x elongata. Molecular mechanisms involved in the Paulownia response to the soil salinity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Katya Ivanova
- Faculty of Biology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yuliana Markovska
- Faculty of Biology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
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30
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Krasuska U, Dębska K, Otulak K, Bogatek R, Gniazdowska A. Switch from heterotrophy to autotrophy of apple cotyledons depends on NO signal. PLANTA 2015; 242:1221-36. [PMID: 26186967 PMCID: PMC4568022 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
NO accelerates transition of germinated embryos from heterotrophy to autotrophy by stimulation of chloroplasts maturation. NO-mediated autotrophy of apple seedlings correlates to increased content of RuBisCO small subunit and improvement of parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence. Nitric oxide (NO) acts as signaling molecule involved in regulation of various physiological processes in plants, although its involvement in cotyledons greening is poorly recognized. To identify the importance of NO signal for plant growth and development we investigated the effects of short-term application of NO at various developmental stages of seedlings of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) on cotyledons' chlorophyll a to b ratio, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic activity, carbohydrates and RuBisCO both subunits content. NO-dependent biochemical alterations were linked to cytological observation of developing plastids in cotyledons of apple plants. Abnormal plantlets developing from dormant apple embryos are characterized by anatomical malformations of cotyledons. Short-term pre-treatment with NO of isolated embryos or seedlings with developmental anomalies resulted in formation of plants with cotyledons of equal size and chlorophyll content; these responses were blocked by NO scavenger. NO independently of time point of application accelerated embryos transition from heterotrophy to autotrophy by stimulation of photosynthetic activity, improvement of parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence (F v/F m, F v/F 0) and increased content of RuBisCO small subunit. Further analysis showed that NO application modified glucose and hydrogen peroxide concentration in cotyledons. Beneficial effect of NO on development of seedlings without any abnormalities was manifested at ultrastructural level by decline in amount of proplastids and induction of formation and maturation of chloroplasts. Our data suggest that progress of autotrophy of young seedlings is governed by NO acting as stimulator of chloroplast-to-nucleus signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Krasuska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Dębska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Otulak
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Renata Bogatek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Gniazdowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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31
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Santisree P, Bhatnagar-Mathur P, Sharma KK. NO to drought-multifunctional role of nitric oxide in plant drought: Do we have all the answers? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 239:44-55. [PMID: 26398790 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a versatile gaseous signaling molecule with increasing significance in plant research due to its association with various stress responses. Although, improved drought tolerance by NO is associated greatly with its ability to reduce stomatal opening and oxidative stress, it can immensely influence other physiological processes such as photosynthesis, proline accumulation and seed germination under water deficit. NO as a free radical can directly alter proteins, enzyme activities, gene transcription, and post-translational modifications that benefit functional recovery from drought. The present drought-mitigating strategies have focused on exogenous application of NO donors for exploring the associated physiological and molecular events, transgenic and mutant studies, but are inadequate. Considering the biphasic effects of NO, a cautious deployment is necessary along with a systematic approach for deciphering positively regulated responses to avoid any cytotoxic effects. Identification of NO target molecules and in-depth analysis of its effects under realistic field drought conditions should be an upmost priority. This detailed synthesis on the role of NO offers new insights on its functions, signaling, regulation, interactions and co-existence with different drought-related events providing future directions for exploiting this molecule towards improving drought tolerance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parankusam Santisree
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad 502324, Telangana, India.
| | - Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad 502324, Telangana, India
| | - Kiran K Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad 502324, Telangana, India
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Bobik K, Burch-Smith TM. Chloroplast signaling within, between and beyond cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:781. [PMID: 26500659 PMCID: PMC4593955 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The most conspicuous function of plastids is the oxygenic photosynthesis of chloroplasts, yet plastids are super-factories that produce a plethora of compounds that are indispensable for proper plant physiology and development. Given their origins as free-living prokaryotes, it is not surprising that plastids possess their own genomes whose expression is essential to plastid function. This semi-autonomous character of plastids requires the existence of sophisticated regulatory mechanisms that provide reliable communication between them and other cellular compartments. Such intracellular signaling is necessary for coordinating whole-cell responses to constantly varying environmental cues and cellular metabolic needs. This is achieved by plastids acting as receivers and transmitters of specific signals that coordinate expression of the nuclear and plastid genomes according to particular needs. In this review we will consider the so-called retrograde signaling occurring between plastids and nuclei, and between plastids and other organelles. Another important role of the plastid we will discuss is the involvement of plastid signaling in biotic and abiotic stress that, in addition to influencing retrograde signaling, has direct effects on several cellular compartments including the cell wall. We will also review recent evidence pointing to an intriguing function of chloroplasts in regulating intercellular symplasmic transport. Finally, we consider an intriguing yet less widely known aspect of plant biology, chloroplast signaling from the perspective of the entire plant. Thus, accumulating evidence highlights that chloroplasts, with their complex signaling pathways, provide a mechanism for exquisite regulation of plant development, metabolism and responses to the environment. As chloroplast processes are targeted for engineering for improved productivity the effect of such modifications on chloroplast signaling will have to be carefully considered in order to avoid unintended consequences on plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tessa M. Burch-Smith
- *Correspondence: Tessa M. Burch-Smith, Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, 1414 Cumberland Avenue, M407 Walters Life Science, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA,
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Chaki M, Kovacs I, Spannagl M, Lindermayr C. Computational prediction of candidate proteins for S-nitrosylation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110232. [PMID: 25333472 PMCID: PMC4204854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that regulates many physiological processes in plants. One of the most important regulatory mechanisms of NO is S-nitrosylation-the covalent attachment of NO to cysteine residues. Although the involvement of cysteine S-nitrosylation in the regulation of protein functions is well established, its substrate specificity remains unknown. Identification of candidates for S-nitrosylation and their target cysteine residues is fundamental for studying the molecular mechanisms and regulatory roles of S-nitrosylation in plants. Several experimental methods that are based on the biotin switch have been developed to identify target proteins for S-nitrosylation. However, these methods have their limits. Thus, computational methods are attracting considerable attention for the identification of modification sites in proteins. Using GPS-SNO version 1.0, a recently developed S-nitrosylation site-prediction program, a set of 16,610 candidate proteins for S-nitrosylation containing 31,900 S-nitrosylation sites was isolated from the entire Arabidopsis proteome using the medium threshold. In the compartments "chloroplast," "CUL4-RING ubiquitin ligase complex," and "membrane" more than 70% of the proteins were identified as candidates for S-nitrosylation. The high number of identified candidates in the proteome reflects the importance of redox signaling in these compartments. An analysis of the functional distribution of the predicted candidates showed that proteins involved in signaling processes exhibited the highest prediction rate. In a set of 46 proteins, where 53 putative S-nitrosylation sites were already experimentally determined, the GPS-SNO program predicted 60 S-nitrosylation sites, but only 11 overlap with the results of the experimental approach. In general, a computer-assisted method for the prediction of targets for S-nitrosylation is a very good tool; however, further development, such as including the three dimensional structure of proteins in such analyses, would improve the identification of S-nitrosylation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Chaki
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Izabella Kovacs
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Spannagl
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Lindermayr
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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