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Pennington ZT, LaBanca AR, Sompolpong P, Abdel-Raheim SD, Ko B, Christenson Wick Z, Feng Y, Dong Z, Francisco TR, Bacon ME, Chen L, Fulton SL, Maze I, Shuman T, Cai DJ. Dissociable contributions of the amygdala and ventral hippocampus to stress-induced changes in defensive behavior. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.02.27.530077. [PMID: 36945605 PMCID: PMC10028838 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.530077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe stress can produce multiple persistent changes in defensive behavior relevant to psychiatric illness. While much is known about the circuits supporting stress-induced associative fear, how stress-induced circuit plasticity supports non-associative changes in defensive behavior remains unclear. METHODS Mice were exposed to an acute severe stressor, and subsequently, both associative and non-associative defensive behavioral responses were assessed. A mixture of local protein synthesis inhibition, pan-neuronal chemogenetic inhibition, and projection-specific chemogenetic inhibition were utilized to isolate the roles of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and ventral hippocampus (vHC) to the induction and expression of associative and non-associative defensive behavioral changes. RESULTS Stress-induced protein synthesis in the BLA was necessary for enhancements in stress sensitivity but not enhancements in anxiety-related behaviors, whereas protein synthesis in the vHC was necessary for enhancements in anxiety-related behavior but not enhancements in stress sensitivity. Like protein synthesis, neuronal activity of the BLA and vHC were found to differentially support the expression of these same defensive behaviors. Additionally, projection-specific inhibition of BLA-vHC connections failed to alter these behaviors, indicating that these defensive behaviors are regulated by distinct BLA and vHC circuits. Lastly, contributions of the BLA and vHC to stress sensitivity and anxiety-related behavior were independent of their contributions to associative fear. CONCLUSIONS Stress-induced plasticity in the BLA and vHC were found to support dissociable non-associative behavioral changes, with BLA supporting enhancements in stress sensitivity and vHC supporting increased anxiety-related behavior. These findings demonstrate that independent BLA and vHC circuits are critical for stress-induced defensive behaviors, and that differential targeting of BLA and vHC circuits may be needed in disease treatment.
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Meurer YDSR, Linhares SSG, Lima ADC, de Aquino ACQ, Brandão LEM, Nôga DA, Campelo CLDC, Lima RH, Cavalcante JDS, Engelberth RCGJ, Ribeiro AM, Silva RH. Postnatal exposure to fluoxetine led to cognitive-emotional alterations and decreased parvalbumin positive neurons in the hippocampus of juvenile Wistar rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:616-632. [PMID: 34196404 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during development results in behavioural impairment in adulthood in humans and animal models. Indeed, serotonergic overexpression in early life leads to structural and functional changes in brain circuits that control cognition and emotion. However, the effects of developmental exposure to these substances on the behaviour of adolescent rats are conflicting and remain poorly characterised. We performed a behavioural screening to investigate the effects of postnatal exposure to fluoxetine on memory and behaviours related to anxiety, anhedonia, and depression, as well we evaluate the parvalbumin expression in hippocampus of juvenile (~PND45) female and male rats. Fluoxetine (daily 20 mg/kg s.c. injections from PND7-PND21)- or vehicle-treated adolescent rats went through several behavioural tasks (from PND 38 to PND52) and were subject to transcardial perfusion and brain removal for immunohistochemical analysis (PND53). We found that postnatal exposure to fluoxetine increased anxiety- and depression-like behaviours in the open field and sucrose preference and forced swimming tests, respectively. In addition, this treatment induced working memory and short-term (but not long-term) recognition memory impairments, and reduced parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus. In addition, the results revealed developmental sex-dependent effects of fluoxetine postnatal treatment on adolescent rats' behaviour. These outcomes indicate that affective disorders and mnemonic alterations caused by SSRIs perinatal exposure can be present at adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ywlliane da Silva Rodrigues Meurer
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Memory and Cognition Studies Laboratory, Post-graduate Program of Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Sara Sophia Guedes Linhares
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Alvaro da Costa Lima
- Memory and Cognition Studies Laboratory, Post-graduate Program of Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Queiroz de Aquino
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ramon Hypólito Lima
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, Brazil
| | - Jeferson de Souza Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Mussi Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Bioprospecting of Natural Products, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Regina Helena Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Soliani A, Kubota SM, Corrêa MF, Cerutti SM, Fernandes JPS. Differential contribution of H3R antagonism by LINS01 compounds on memory, anxiety-like behaviour and spontaneous locomotor activity in healthy rats. Behav Brain Res 2020; 377:112230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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4
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Van Skike CE, Goodlett C, Matthews DB. Acute alcohol and cognition: Remembering what it causes us to forget. Alcohol 2019; 79:105-125. [PMID: 30981807 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Addiction has been conceptualized as a specific form of memory that appropriates typically adaptive neural mechanisms of learning to produce the progressive spiral of drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior, perpetuating the path to addiction through aberrant processes of drug-related learning and memory. From that perspective, to understand the development of alcohol use disorders, it is critical to identify how a single exposure to alcohol enters into or alters the processes of learning and memory, so that involvement of and changes in neuroplasticity processes responsible for learning and memory can be identified early. This review characterizes the effects produced by acute alcohol intoxication as a function of brain region and memory neurocircuitry. In general, exposure to ethanol doses that produce intoxicating effects causes consistent impairments in learning and memory processes mediated by specific brain circuitry, whereas lower doses either have no effect or produce a facilitation of memory under certain task conditions. Therefore, acute ethanol does not produce a global impairment of learning and memory, and can actually facilitate particular types of memory, perhaps particular types of memory that facilitate the development of excessive alcohol use. In addition, the effects on cognition are dependent on brain region, task demands, dose received, pharmacokinetics, and tolerance. Additionally, we explore the underlying alterations in neurophysiology produced by acute alcohol exposure that help to explain these changes in cognition and highlight future directions for research. Through understanding the impact that acute alcohol intoxication has on cognition, the preliminary changes potentially causing a problematic addiction memory can better be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice E Van Skike
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and The Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78245, United States
| | - Charles Goodlett
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Douglas B Matthews
- Division of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States.
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5
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Lal P, Tanabe H, Suster ML, Ailani D, Kotani Y, Muto A, Itoh M, Iwasaki M, Wada H, Yaksi E, Kawakami K. Identification of a neuronal population in the telencephalon essential for fear conditioning in zebrafish. BMC Biol 2018; 16:45. [PMID: 29690872 PMCID: PMC5978991 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear conditioning is a form of learning essential for animal survival and used as a behavioral paradigm to study the mechanisms of learning and memory. In mammals, the amygdala plays a crucial role in fear conditioning. In teleost, the medial zone of the dorsal telencephalon (Dm) has been postulated to be a homolog of the mammalian amygdala by anatomical and ablation studies, showing a role in conditioned avoidance response. However, the neuronal populations required for a conditioned avoidance response via the Dm have not been functionally or genetically defined. RESULTS We aimed to identify the neuronal population essential for fear conditioning through a genetic approach in zebrafish. First, we performed large-scale gene trap and enhancer trap screens, and created transgenic fish lines that expressed Gal4FF, an engineered version of the Gal4 transcription activator, in specific regions in the brain. We then crossed these Gal4FF-expressing fish with the effector line carrying the botulinum neurotoxin gene downstream of the Gal4 binding sequence UAS, and analyzed the double transgenic fish for active avoidance fear conditioning. We identified 16 transgenic lines with Gal4FF expression in various brain areas showing reduced performance in avoidance responses. Two of them had Gal4 expression in populations of neurons located in subregions of the Dm, which we named 120A-Dm neurons. Inhibition of the 120A-Dm neurons also caused reduced performance in Pavlovian fear conditioning. The 120A-Dm neurons were mostly glutamatergic and had projections to other brain regions, including the hypothalamus and ventral telencephalon. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we identified a subpopulation of neurons in the zebrafish Dm essential for fear conditioning. We propose that these are functional equivalents of neurons in the mammalian pallial amygdala, mediating the conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus association. Thus, the study establishes a basis for understanding the evolutionary conservation and diversification of functional neural circuits mediating fear conditioning in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Lal
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian Brain Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hideyuki Tanabe
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Maximiliano L Suster
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Present address: Visual Interaction GmbH, Warthestrasse 21, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Deepak Ailani
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yuri Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Akira Muto
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Mari Itoh
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Miki Iwasaki
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Present address: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hironori Wada
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Present address: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Emre Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian Brain Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan. .,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.
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Learning-Dependent and -Independent Enhancement of Mitral/Tufted Cell Glomerular Odor Responses Following Olfactory Fear Conditioning in Awake Mice. J Neurosci 2018; 38:4623-4640. [PMID: 29669746 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3559-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Associative fear learning produces fear toward the conditioned stimulus (CS) and often generalization, the expansion of fear from the CS to similar, unlearned stimuli. However, how fear learning affects early sensory processing of learned and unlearned stimuli in relation to behavioral fear responses to these stimuli remains unclear. We subjected male and female mice expressing the fluorescent calcium indicator GCaMP3 in olfactory bulb mitral and tufted cells to a classical olfactory fear conditioning paradigm. We then used awake, in vivo calcium imaging to quantify learning-induced changes in glomerular odor responses, which constitute the first site of olfactory processing in the brain. The results demonstrate that odor-shock pairing nonspecifically enhances glomerular odor representations in a learning-dependent manner and increases representational similarity between the CS and nonconditioned odors, potentially priming the system toward generalization of learned fear. Additionally, CS-specific glomerular enhancements remain even when associative learning is blocked, suggesting two separate mechanisms lead to enhanced glomerular responses following odor-shock pairings.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In the olfactory bulb (OB), odors are uniquely coded in a spatial map that represents odor identity, making the OB a unique model system for investigating how learned fear alters sensory processing. Classical fear conditioning causes fear of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and of neutral stimuli, known as generalization. Combining fear conditioning with fluorescent calcium imaging of OB glomeruli, we found enhanced glomerular responses of the CS as well as neutral stimuli in awake mice, which mirrors fear generalization. We report that CS and neutral stimuli enhancements are, respectively, learning-independent and learning-dependent. Together, these results reveal distinct mechanisms leading to enhanced OB processing of fear-inducing stimuli and provide important implications for altered sensory processing in fear generalization.
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Do Monte FH, Quirk GJ, Li B, Penzo MA. Retrieving fear memories, as time goes by…. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:1027-36. [PMID: 27217148 PMCID: PMC4956525 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Research in fear conditioning has provided a comprehensive picture of the neuronal circuit underlying the formation of fear memories. In contrast, our understanding of the retrieval of fear memories is much more limited. This disparity may stem from the fact that fear memories are not rigid, but reorganize over time. To bring some clarity and raise awareness about the time-dependent dynamics of retrieval circuits, we review current evidence on the neuronal circuitry participating in fear memory retrieval at both early and late time points following auditory fear conditioning. We focus on the temporal recruitment of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) for the retrieval and maintenance of fear memories. Finally, we speculate as to why retrieval circuits change with time, and consider the functional strategy of recruiting structures not previously considered as part of the retrieval circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio H. Do Monte
- Departments of Psychiatry and Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, PO Box 365067, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Gregory J. Quirk
- Departments of Psychiatry and Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, PO Box 365067, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Bo Li
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Mario A. Penzo
- National Institute of Mental Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bldg. 35A Room 2E621, Bethesda, MD 20850
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8
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Leão AH, Medeiros AM, Apolinário GK, Cabral A, Ribeiro AM, Barbosa FF, Silva RH. Hippocampal-dependent memory in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task: The role of spatial cues and CA1 activity. Behav Brain Res 2016; 304:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Diazepam effects on aversive memory retrieval and extinction: Role of anxiety levels. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 141:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Nielsen BL, Rampin O, Meunier N, Bombail V. Behavioral responses to odors from other species: introducing a complementary model of allelochemics involving vertebrates. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:226. [PMID: 26161069 PMCID: PMC4480148 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the behavior of an animal can be affected by odors from another species. Such interspecific effects of odorous compounds (allelochemics) are usually characterized according to who benefits (emitter, receiver, or both) and the odors categorized accordingly (allomones, kairomones, and synomones, respectively), which has its origin in the definition of pheromones, i.e., intraspecific communication via volatile compounds. When considering vertebrates, however, interspecific odor-based effects exist which do not fit well in this paradigm. Three aspects in particular do not encompass all interspecific semiochemical effects: one relates to the innateness of the behavioral response, another to the origin of the odor, and the third to the intent of the message. In this review we focus on vertebrates, and present examples of behavioral responses of animals to odors from other species with specific reference to these three aspects. Searching for a more useful classification of allelochemical effects we examine the relationship between the valence of odors (attractive through to aversive), and the relative contributions of learned and unconditioned (innate) behavioral responses to odors from other species. We propose that these two factors (odor valence and learning) may offer an alternative way to describe the nature of interspecific olfactory effects involving vertebrates compared to the current focus on who benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte L Nielsen
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, INRA, UR1197 NeuroBiologie de l'Olfaction Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Olivier Rampin
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, INRA, UR1197 NeuroBiologie de l'Olfaction Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nicolas Meunier
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, INRA, UR1197 NeuroBiologie de l'Olfaction Jouy-en-Josas, France ; Department of Biology, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Versailles, France
| | - Vincent Bombail
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, INRA, UR1197 NeuroBiologie de l'Olfaction Jouy-en-Josas, France
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de Macêdo Medeiros A, Izídio GS, Sousa DS, Macedo PT, Silva AF, Shiramizu VKM, Cabral A, Ribeiro AM, Silva RH. Estrogen levels modify scopolamine-induced amnesia in gonadally intact rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 53:99-108. [PMID: 24657885 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that estrogen plays a role in cognitive function by modulating the cholinergic transmission. However, most of the studies dealing with this subject have been conducted using ovariectomized rats. In the present study we evaluated the effects of physiological and supra-physiological variation of estrogen levels on scopolamine-induced amnesia in gonadally intact female rats. We used the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (PMDAT) in order to evaluate anxiety levels and motor activity concomitantly to the memory performance. In experiment 1, female Wistar rats in each estrous cycle phase received scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or saline i.p. 20 min before the training session in the PMDAT. In experiment 2, rats in diestrus received estradiol valerate (1 mg/kg) or sesame oil i.m., and scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or saline i.p., 45 min and 20 min before the training, respectively. In experiment 3, rats in diestrus received scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or saline i.p. 20 min before the training, and estradiol valerate (1 mg/kg) or sesame oil i.m. immediately after the training session. In all experiments, a test session was performed 24 h later. The main results showed that: (1) scopolamine impaired retrieval and induced anxiolytic and hyperlocomotor effects in all experiments; (2) this cholinergic antagonist impaired acquisition only in animals in diestrus; (3) acute administration of estradiol valerate prevented the learning impairment induced by scopolamine and (4) interfered with memory consolidation process. The results suggest that endogenous variations in estrogen levels across the estrous cycle modulate some aspects of memory mediated by the cholinergic system. Indeed, specifically in diestrus, a stage with low estrogen levels, the impairment produced by scopolamine on the acquisition was counteracted by exogenous administration of the hormone, whereas the posttraining treatment potentiated the negative effects of scopolamine during the consolidation phase of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geison Souza Izídio
- Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Diego Silveira Sousa
- Memory Studies Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alicia Cabral
- Memory Studies Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Helena Silva
- Memory Studies Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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12
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Talhati F, Patti CL, Zanin KA, Lopes-Silva LB, Ceccon LMB, Hollais AW, Bizerra CS, Santos R, Tufik S, Frussa-Filho R. Food restriction increases long-term memory persistence in adult or aged mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 50:125-36. [PMID: 24361378 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Food restriction (FR) seems to be the unique experimental manipulation that leads to a remarkable increase in lifespan in rodents. Evidences have suggested that FR can enhance memory in distinct animal models mainly during aging. However, only few studies systemically evaluated the effects FR on memory formation in both adult (3-month-old) and aged (18-24-month-old) mice. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute (12h) or repeated (12h/day for 2days) FR protocols on learning and memory of adult and aged mice evaluated in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (PM-DAT), an animal model that concurrently (but independently) evaluates learning and memory, anxiety and locomotion. We also investigated the possible role of FR-induced stress by the corticosterone concentration in adult mice. Male mice were kept at home cage with food ad libitum (CTRL-control condition) or subjected to FR during the dark phase of the cycle for 12h/day or 12h/2days. The FR protocols were applied before training, immediately after it or before testing. Our results demonstrated that only FR for 2days enhanced memory persistence when applied before training in adults and before testing in aged mice. Conversely, FR for 2days impaired consolidation and exerted no effects on retrieval irrespective of age. These effects do not seem to be related to corticosterone concentration. Collectively, these results indicate that FR for 2days can promote promnestic effects not only in aged mice but also in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Talhati
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C L Patti
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - K A Zanin
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Napoleão de Barros, 925, 04024002, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L B Lopes-Silva
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Napoleão de Barros, 925, 04024002, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L M B Ceccon
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A W Hollais
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C S Bizerra
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Napoleão de Barros, 925, 04024002, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R Frussa-Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Leal Prado, 1° andar, 04023062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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13
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Dent CL, Isles AR, Humby T. Measuring risk-taking in mice: balancing the risk between seeking reward and danger. Eur J Neurosci 2013; 39:520-30. [PMID: 24283296 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Assessing risk is an essential part of human behaviour and may be disrupted in a number of psychiatric conditions. Currently, in many animal experimental designs the basis of the potential 'risk' is loss or attenuation of reward, which fail to capture 'real-life' risky situations where there is a trade-off between a separate cost and reward. The development of rodent tasks where two separate and conflicting factors are traded against each other has begun to address this discrepancy. Here, we discuss the merits of these risk-taking tasks and describe the development of a novel test for mice - the 'predator-odour risk-taking' task. This paradigm encapsulates a naturalistic approach to measuring risk-taking behaviour where mice have to balance the benefit of gaining a food reward with the cost of exposure to a predator odour using a range of different odours (rat, cat and fox). We show that the 'predator-odour risk-taking' task was sensitive to the trade-off between cost and benefit by demonstrating reduced motivation to collect food reward in the presence of these different predator odours in two strains of mice and, also, if the value of the food reward was reduced. The 'predator-odour risk-taking' task therefore provides a strong platform for the investigation of the genetic substrates of risk-taking behaviour using mouse models, and adds a further dimension to other recently developed rodent tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Dent
- Behavioural Genetics Group, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Schools of Psychology & Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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Abe H, Nagao K, Nakamura A, Inoue-Murayama M. Differences in responses to repeated fear-relevant stimuli between Nagoya and White Leghorn chicks. Behav Processes 2013; 99:95-9. [PMID: 23860281 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Freezing responses to fearful stimuli are crucial for survival among all animal species within a prey-predator system. Generally, the degree of fearfulness correlates with intensity, duration, and frequency of freezing behaviours in response to fear-relevant stimuli. The present study examines innate fear responses to human handling in 144 newly hatched chicks through a tonic immobility (TI) test. Two fear responses-freezing duration and number of TI inductions-were examined. Individual variations in innate fear were investigated in chicks 1-2 days post-hatching when the restraint procedure was successively repeated 3 times within each day. Chicks showed sensitivity to fearful stimuli and considerable inter-individual variation in freezing duration and number of attempts required to induce TI. Moreover, differences were observed between breeds; White Leghorn chicks showed relatively low fear levels with gradual increases in TI duration, whereas Nagoya chicks showed extended TI duration and habituation to fearful stimuli. Our results suggest that TI reactions among newly hatched chicks are an innately determined behaviour specific to a breed or strain of chicken. Further, fearful responses among newborn chicks are not simple, but complex behaviours that involve multiple factors, such as breed-specific contextual fear learning and habituation/sensitisation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Abe
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan
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Serafim KR, Kishi MS, Canto-de-Souza A, Mattioli R. H₁ but not H₂ histamine antagonist receptors mediate anxiety-related behaviors and emotional memory deficit in mice subjected to elevated plus-maze testing. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:440-6. [PMID: 23598647 PMCID: PMC3854398 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20132770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the role of H1 and H2 receptors in
anxiety and the retrieval of emotional memory using a Trial 1/Trial 2 (T1/T2)
protocol in an elevated plus-maze (EPM). Tests were performed on 2 consecutive
days, designated T1 and T2. Before T1, the mice received intraperitoneal
injections of saline (SAL), 20 mg/kg zolantidine (ZOL, an H2
receptor antagonist), or 8.0 or 16 mg/kg chlorpheniramine (CPA, an
H1 receptor antagonist). After 40 min, they were subjected
to the EPM test. In T2 (24 h later), each group was subdivided into two
additional groups, and the animals from each group were re-injected with SAL or
one of the drugs. In T1, the Student t-test showed no
difference between the SAL and ZOL or 8 mg/kg CPA groups with respect to
the percentages of open arm entries (%OAE) and open arm time
(%OAT). However, administration of CPA at the highest dose of
16 mg/kg decreased %OAE and %OAT, but not locomotor
activity, indicating anxiogenic-like behavior. Emotional memory, as revealed by
a reduction in open arm exploration between the two trials, was observed in all
experimental groups, indicating that ZOL and 8 mg/kg CPA did not affect
emotional memory, whereas CPA at the highest dose affected acquisition and
consolidation, but not retrieval of memory. Taken together, these results
suggest that H1 receptor, but not H2, is implicated in
anxiety-like behavior and in emotional memory acquisition and consolidation
deficits in mice subjected to EPM testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Serafim
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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16
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Palomares-Castillo E, Hernández-Pérez OR, Pérez-Carrera D, Crespo-Ramírez M, Fuxe K, Pérez de la Mora M. The intercalated paracapsular islands as a module for integration of signals regulating anxiety in the amygdala. Brain Res 2012; 1476:211-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Serafim KR, Gianlorenço ACL, Daher FP, Mattioli R. H1-histamine receptors in the amygdala are involved in emotional memory but do not mediate anxiety-related behaviors in mice submitted to EPM testing. Brain Res Bull 2012; 89:1-7. [PMID: 22772356 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K R Serafim
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Physiotherapy Department, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Sao Carlos, Brazil.
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Fernandes-Santos L, Patti CL, Zanin KA, Fernandes HA, Tufik S, Andersen ML, Frussa-Filho R. Sleep deprivation impairs emotional memory retrieval in mice: influence of sex. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 38:216-22. [PMID: 22521334 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation on memory processes are well documented. However, non-selective sleep deprivation occurs more commonly in modern society and thus represents a better translational model. We have recently reported that acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) for 6 h immediately before testing impaired performance of male mice in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (PM-DAT) and in the passive avoidance task (PAT). In order to extend these findings to females, we examined the effect of (pre-test) TSD on the retrieval of different memory tasks in both male and female mice. Animals were tested using 3 distinct memory models: 1) conditioning fear context (CFC), 2) PAT and 3) PM-DAT. In all experiments, animals were totally sleep-deprived by the gentle interference method for 6h immediately before being tested. In the CFC task and the PAT, TSD induced memory impairment regardless of sex. In PM-DAT, the memory impairing effects of TSD were greater in females. Collectively, our results confirm the impairing effect of TSD on emotional memory retrieval and demonstrate that it can be higher in female mice depending on the memory task evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Fernandes-Santos
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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19
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Sanday L, Patti CL, Zanin KA, Fernandes-Santos L, Oliveira LC, Kameda SR, Tufik S, Frussa-Filho R. Ethanol-Induced Memory Impairment in a Discriminative Avoidance Task is State-Dependent. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 37 Suppl 1:E30-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Sanday
- Departamento de Farmacologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo; SP; Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Larissa C. Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo; SP; Brasil
| | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo; SP; Brasil
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20
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Melo TG, Izídio GS, Ferreira LS, Sousa DS, Macedo PT, Cabral A, Ribeiro AM, Silva RH. Antidepressants differentially modify the extinction of an aversive memory task in female rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 37:33-40. [PMID: 22310225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder and other psychopathologies with antidepressants can be associated with improvement of the cognitive deficits related to these disorders. Although the mechanisms of these effects are not completely elucidated, alterations in the extinction of aversive memories are believed to play a role in these psychopathologies. We have recently verified that female rats present low levels of extinction when submitted to the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task. In the present study, female rats were treated long term with clinically used antidepressants (fluoxetine, nortriptyline or mirtazapine) and subjected to the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task to evaluate learning, memory, extinction and anxiety-related behaviors as well as behavioral despair in the forced swimming test. All groups learned the task and exhibited retrieval. Chronic treatment with fluoxetine (but not with the other antidepressants tested) increased extinction of the discriminative task. In the forced swimming test, the animals treated with fluoxetine and mirtazapine showed decreased immobility duration. In conclusion, fluoxetine potentiated extinction, while both fluoxetine and mirtazapine were effective in ameliorating depressive-like behavior in the forced swimming test, suggesting a possible dissociation between the effects on mood and the extinction of aversive memories in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thieza G Melo
- Memory Studies Laboratory, Physiology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande of Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Munguba H, Cabral A, Leão A, Barbosa F, Izídio G, Ribeiro A, Silva R. Pre-training anandamide infusion within the basolateral amygdala impairs plus-maze discriminative avoidance task in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2011; 95:527-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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