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Qiao X, Sun M, Chen Y, Jin W, Zhao H, Zhang W, Lai J, Yan H. Ethanol-Induced Neuronal and Cognitive/Emotional Impairments are Accompanied by Down-Regulated NT3-TrkC-ERK in Hippocampus. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:220-229. [PMID: 33103180 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ethanol ingestion affects cognition and emotion, which have been attributed to the dysfunction of specific brain structures. Studies of alcoholic patients and animal models consistently identify reduced hippocampal mass as a key ethanol-induced brain adaptation. This study evaluated how neuroadaptation in the hippocampus (Hip) produced by ethanol contributed to related behavioral deficits in male and female rats. METHODS Effects of acute, short-term and long-term ethanol exposure on the anxiety-like behavior and recognition memory on adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were assessed using elevated plus maze test and novel object recognition test, respectively. In addition, in order to investigate the direct effect of ethanol on hippocampal neurons, primary culture of hippocampal neurons was exposed to ethanol (10, 30 and 90 mM; 1, 24 and 48 h), and viability (CCK-8) and morphology (immunocytochemistry) were analyzed at structural levels. Western blot assays were used to assess protein levels of NT3-TrkC-ERK. RESULTS Acute and short-term ethanol exposure exerted anxiolytic effects, whereas long-term ethanol exposure induced anxiogenic responses in both sexes. Short-term ethanol exposure impaired spatial memory only in female rats, whereas long-term ethanol exposure impaired spatial and recognition memory in both sexes. These behavioral impairments and ethanol-induced loss of hippocampal neurons and decreased cell viability were accompanied by downregulated NT3-TrkC-ERK pathway. CONCLUSION These results indicate that NT3-TrkC-ERK signaling in the Hip may play an important role in ethanol-induced structural and behavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Mizhu Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Forensic Biology, College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Wenyang Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jianghua Lai
- Department of Forensic Biology, College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
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Ramirez-Mejia G, Gil-Lievana E, Urrego-Morales O, Soto-Reyes E, Bermúdez-Rattoni F. Class I HDAC inhibition improves object recognition memory consolidation through BDNF/TrkB pathway in a time-dependent manner. Neuropharmacology 2021; 187:108493. [PMID: 33581144 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence showing that HDACs regulates BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) expression through its interaction with the Bdnf gene promoter, a key regulator to consolidate memory. Although the nuclear mechanisms regulated by HDACs that control BDNF expression have been partially described recently, the temporal events for memory consolidation remain unknown. Hence, in this work, we studied the temporal pattern for the activation of the BDNF/TrkB pathway through class I HDAC inhibition to enhance object recognition memory (ORM) consolidation. To this end, we inhibited class I HDAC into the insular cortex (IC) and a weak ORM protocol was used to assess temporal expression and function of the BDNF/TrkB pathway in the IC. We found that cortical class I HDAC inhibition enhanced long-term ORM, coincident with a clear peak of BDNF expression at 4 h after acquisition. Furthermore, the tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptor blockade at 4 h, but not at 8 h, impaired the consolidation of ORM. These results suggest that histone acetylation regulates the temporal expression of BDNF in cortical circuits potentiating the long-term recognition memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ramirez-Mejia
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico
| | - Elvi Gil-Lievana
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico
| | - Oscar Urrego-Morales
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico
| | - Ernesto Soto-Reyes
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa, 05348, Ciudad de Mexico
| | - Federico Bermúdez-Rattoni
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico.
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Inhibition of microRNA-124-3p as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Gulf War Illness: Evaluation in a rat model. Neurotoxicology 2018; 71:16-30. [PMID: 30503814 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic, multisymptom illness that continues to affect up to 30% of veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf during the 1990-1991 Gulf War. After nearly 30 years, useful treatments for GWI are lacking and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in its pathobiology remain poorly understood, although exposures to pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and pesticides are consistently identified to be among the strongest risk factors. Alleviation of the broad range of symptoms manifested in GWI, which involve the central nervous system, the neuroendocrine system, and the immune system likely requires therapies that are able to activate and inactivate a large set of orchestrated genes. Previous work in our laboratory using an established rat model of GWI identified persistent elevation of microRNA-124-3p (miR-124) levels in the hippocampus whose numerous gene targets are involved in cognition-associated pathways and neuroendocrine function. This study aimed to investigate the broad effects of miR-124 inhibition in the brain 9 months after completion of a 28-day exposure regimen of PB, DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), permethrin, and mild stress by profiling the hippocampal expression of genes known to play a critical role in synaptic plasticity, glucocorticoid signaling, and neurogenesis. We determined that intracerebroventricular infusion of a miR-124 antisense oligonucleotide (miR-124 inhibitor; 0.05-0.5 nmol/day/28 days), but not a negative control oligonucleotide, into the lateral ventricle of the brain caused increased protein expression of multiple validated miR-124 targets and increased expression of downstream target genes important for cognition and neuroendocrine signaling in the hippocampus. Off-target cardiotoxic effects were revealed in GWI rats receiving 0.1 nmol/day as indicated by the detection in plasma of 5 highly elevated protein cardiac injury markers and 6 upregulated cardiac-enriched miRNAs in plasma exosomes determined by next-generation sequencing. Results from this study suggest that in vivo inhibition of miR-124 function in the hippocampus is a promising, novel therapeutic approach to improve cognition and neuroendocrine dysfunction in GWI. Additional preclinical studies in animal models to assess feasibility and safety by developing a practical, noninvasive drug delivery system to the brain and exploring potential adverse toxicologic effects of miR-124 inhibition are warranted.
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Fernandes LM, Cartágenes SC, Barros MA, Carvalheiro TC, Castro NC, Schamne MG, Lima RR, Prediger RD, Monteiro MC, Fontes-Júnior EA, Cunha RA, Maia CS. Repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol exposure induce immediate and delayed neurobehavioral changes and hippocampal dysfunction in adolescent female rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 350:99-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Perez-Rando M, Castillo-Gomez E, Bueno-Fernandez C, Nacher J. The TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone changes the structural dynamics of neocortical pyramidal neurons and improves object recognition in mice. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2393-2408. [PMID: 29500536 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BDNF and its receptor TrkB have important roles in neurodevelopment, neural plasticity, learning, and memory. Alterations in TrkB expression have been described in different CNS disorders. Therefore, drugs interacting with TrkB, specially agonists, are promising therapeutic tools. Among them, the recently described 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), an orally bioactive compound, has been successfully tested in animal models of these diseases. Recent studies have shown the influence of this drug on the structure of pyramidal neurons, specifically on dendritic spine density. However, there is no information yet on how DHF may alter the structural dynamics of these neurons (i.e., real-time study of the addition/elimination of dendritic spines and axonal boutons). To gain knowledge on these effects of DHF, we have performed a real-time analysis of spine and axonal dynamics in pyramidal neurons of barrel cortex, using cranial windows and 2-photon microscopy during a chronic oral treatment with this drug. After confirming TrkB expression in these neurons, we found that DHF increased the gain rates of spines and axonal boutons, as well as improved object recognition memory. These results help to understand how the activation of the BDNF-TrkB system can improve basic behavioral tasks through changes in the structural dynamics of pyramidal neurons. Moreover, they highlight DHF as a promising therapeutic vector for certain brain disorders in which this system is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perez-Rando
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Esther Castillo-Gomez
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain. .,CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Vicente Sos Banyat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Clara Bueno-Fernandez
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain. .,CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Valencia, Spain. .,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
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6
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Sex differences in the effects of pre- and postnatal caffeine exposure on behavior and synaptic proteins in pubescent rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:416-425. [PMID: 28826637 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the effects of caffeine in the puberty and/or adolescence in a sex dependent manner. Considering that caffeine intake has increased in this population, we investigated the behavioral and synaptic proteins changes in pubescent male and female rats after maternal consumption of caffeine. Adult female Wistar rats started to receive water or caffeine (0.1 and 0.3g/L in drinking water; low and moderate dose, respectively) during the active cycle at weekdays, two weeks before mating. The treatment lasted up to weaning and the offspring received caffeine until the onset of puberty (30-34days old). Behavioral tasks were performed to evaluate locomotor activity (open field task), anxious-like behavior (elevated plus maze task) and recognition memory (object recognition task) and synaptic proteins levels (proBDNF, BDNF, GFAP and SNAP-25) were verified in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. While hyperlocomotion was observed in both sexes after caffeine treatment, anxiety-related behavior was attenuated by caffeine (0.3g/L) only in females. While moderate caffeine worsened recognition memory in females, an improvement in the long-term memory was observed in male rats for both doses. Coincident with memory improvement in males, caffeine increased pro- and BDNF in the hippocampus and cortex. Females presented increased proBDNF levels in both brain regions, with no effects of caffeine. While GFAP was not altered, moderate caffeine intake increased SNAP-25 in the cortex of female rats. Our findings revealed that caffeine promoted cognitive benefits in males associated with increased BDNF levels, while females showed less anxiety. Our findings revealed that caffeine promotes distinct behavioral outcomes and alterations in synaptic proteins during brain development in a sex dependent manner.
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Miranda M, Bekinschtein P. Plasticity Mechanisms of Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation in the Perirhinal Cortex. Neuroscience 2018; 370:46-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Antidepressant-like effects of 3-carboxamido seco-nalmefene (3CS-nalmefene), a novel opioid receptor modulator, in a rat IFN-α-induced depression model. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 67:152-162. [PMID: 28844812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients receiving the cytokine immunotherapy, interferon-alpha (IFN-α) frequently present with neuropsychiatric consequences and cognitive impairments. Patients (25-80%) report symptoms of depression, including, anhedonia, irritability, fatigue and impaired motivation. Our lab has previously demonstrated treatment (170,000IU/kg sc, 3 times per week for 4weeks) of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IFN-α, induced a depressive phenotype in rats in the forced swim test (FST). Here, we examine the biological mechanisms underlying behavioral changes induced by IFN-α, which may be reflective of mechanisms underlying inflammation associated depression. We also investigate the potential of 3-carboxamido seco-nalmefene (3CS-nalmefene), a novel opioid modulator (antagonist at mu and partial agonist at kappa and delta opioid receptors in vitro), to reverse IFN-α induced changes. In vitro radioligand receptor binding assays and the [35S] GTPγS were performed to determine the affinity of 3CS-nalmefene for the mu, kappa and delta opioid receptors. IFN-α treatment increased circulating and central markers of inflammation and hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis activity (IL-6, IL-1β and corticosterone) while increasing immobility in the FST, impairing of object displacement learning in the object exploration task (OET), and decreasing neuronal proliferation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. Treatment with 3CS-nalmefene (0.3mg/kg/sc twice per day, 3 times per week for 4weeks) prevented IFN-α-induced immobility in the FST and impaired object displacement learning. In addition, 3CS-nalmefene prevented IFN-α-induced increases in inflammation and hyperactivity of the HPA-axis, the IFN-α-induced reduction in both neuronal proliferation and BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Overall, these preclinical data would support the hypothesis that opioid receptor modulation is a relevant target for treatment of depression.
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9
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Callaghan CK, Rouine J, O'Mara SM. Exercise prevents IFN-α-induced mood and cognitive dysfunction and increases BDNF expression in the rat. Physiol Behav 2017; 179:377-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Sungur AÖ, Schwarting RKW, Wöhr M. Behavioral phenotypes and neurobiological mechanisms in the Shank1 mouse model for autism spectrum disorder: A translational perspective. Behav Brain Res 2017; 352:46-61. [PMID: 28963042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by early-onset deficits in social behavior and communication across multiple contexts, together with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD is among the most heritable neuropsychiatric conditions with heritability estimates higher than 80%, and while available evidence points to a complex set of genetic factors, the SHANK (also known as ProSAP) gene family has emerged as one of the most promising candidates. Several genetic Shank mouse models for ASD were generated, including Shank1 knockout mice. Behavioral studies focusing on the Shank1 knockout mouse model for ASD included assays for detecting ASD-relevant behavioral phenotypes in the following domains: (I) social behavior, (II) communication, and (III) repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior. In addition, assays for detecting behavioral phenotypes with relevance to comorbidities in ASD were performed, including but not limited to (IV) cognitive functioning. Here, we summarize and discuss behavioral and neuronal findings obtained in the Shank1 knockout mouse model for ASD. We identify open research questions by comparing such findings with the symptoms present in humans diagnosed with ASD and carrying SHANK1 deletions. We conclude by discussing the implications of the behavioral and neuronal phenotypes displayed by the Shank1 knockout mouse model for the development of future pharmacological interventions in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Özge Sungur
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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Sungur AÖ, Jochner MCE, Harb H, Kılıç A, Garn H, Schwarting RKW, Wöhr M. Aberrant cognitive phenotypes and altered hippocampal BDNF expression related to epigenetic modifications in mice lacking the post-synaptic scaffolding protein SHANK1: Implications for autism spectrum disorder. Hippocampus 2017; 27:906-919. [PMID: 28500650 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a class of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by persistent deficits in social communication/interaction, together with restricted/repetitive patterns of behavior. ASD is among the most heritable neuropsychiatric conditions, and while available evidence points to a complex set of genetic factors, the SHANK gene family has emerged as one of the most promising candidates. Here, we assessed ASD-related phenotypes with particular emphasis on social behavior and cognition in Shank1 mouse mutants in comparison to heterozygous and wildtype littermate controls across development in both sexes. While social approach behavior was evident in all experimental conditions and social recognition was only mildly affected by genotype, Shank1-/- null mutant mice were severely impaired in object recognition memory. This effect was particularly prominent in juveniles, not due to impairments in object discrimination, and replicated in independent mouse cohorts. At the neurobiological level, object recognition deficits were paralleled by increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression in the hippocampus of Shank1-/- mice; yet BDNF levels did not differ under baseline conditions. We therefore investigated changes in the epigenetic regulation of hippocampal BDNF expression and detected an enrichment of histone H3 acetylation at the Bdnf promoter1 in Shank1-/- mice, consistent with increased learning-associated BDNF. Together, our findings indicate that Shank1 deletions lead to an aberrant cognitive phenotype characterized by severe impairments in object recognition memory and increased hippocampal BDNF levels, possibly due to epigenetic modifications. This result supports the link between ASD and intellectual disability, and suggests epigenetic regulation as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Özge Sungur
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena C E Jochner
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hani Harb
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry-Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ayşe Kılıç
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry-Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Holger Garn
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry-Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Scott H, Rogers MF, Scott HL, Campbell C, Warburton EC, Uney JB. Recognition memory-induced gene expression in the perirhinal cortex: A transcriptomic analysis. Behav Brain Res 2017; 328:1-12. [PMID: 28389337 PMCID: PMC5469443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have used transcriptome analysis to identify genes and pathways that are activated during recognition memory formation in the perirhinal cortex. Rats were exposed to objects either repeatedly, so that the objects become familiar, or to novel objects in a bow-tie maze over six consecutive days. On the final day, one hour after the last exposure to the series of objects, RNA from the perirhinal cortex was sequenced to compare the transcriptome of naïve control rats and rats exposed to either novel or familiar stimuli. Differentially expressed genes were identified between group Novel and group Familiar rats. These included genes coding for transcription factors, GDNF receptors and extracellular matrix-related proteins. Moreover, differences in alternative splicing were also detected between the two groups, which suggests that this post-transcriptional mechanism may play a role in the consolidation of object recognition memory. To conclude, this study shows that RNA sequencing can be used as a tool to identify differences in gene expression in behaving animals undergoing the same task but encountering different exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Scott
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Mark F Rogers
- Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Helen L Scott
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Colin Campbell
- Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - James B Uney
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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The Involvement of the Decrease of Astrocytic Wnt5a in the Cognitive Decline in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7949-7963. [PMID: 27878554 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a key role in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. We speculate that the impairment of Wnt signaling may mediate astrocytic neurotrophins (NTs) production and the impairment of Wnt signaling to astrocytic NTs production contributes to the pathogenesis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Here, we found that induction of astrocytic NTs synthesis was by Wnt5a via the calcium/calmodulin-sensitive protein kinase II (CaMK II)-cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway in PCAs. The decrease of spatial learning and memory and downregulation of astrocytic BDNF and NT-3 were reversed by Wnt5a in MHE rat model. The increased association between CaMK II and CREB followed by phosphorylation of CREB in response to Wnt5a stimulation was suppressed in the MHE rat model. Our results highlight a novel pathogenesis of the contribution of downregulation of NTs to the inhibition of the interaction between Wnt5a and Frizzled-2 in astrocytes in MHE.
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Pramanik S, Sulistio YA, Heese K. Neurotrophin Signaling and Stem Cells-Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Stem Cell Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7401-7459. [PMID: 27815842 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) are members of a neuronal growth factor protein family whose action is mediated by the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) receptor family receptors and the p75 NT receptor (p75NTR), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. Although NTs were first discovered in neurons, recent studies have suggested that NTs and their receptors are expressed in various types of stem cells mediating pivotal signaling events in stem cell biology. The concept of stem cell therapy has already attracted much attention as a potential strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Strikingly, NTs, proNTs, and their receptors are gaining interest as key regulators of stem cells differentiation, survival, self-renewal, plasticity, and migration. In this review, we elaborate the recent progress in understanding of NTs and their action on various stem cells. First, we provide current knowledge of NTs, proNTs, and their receptor isoforms and signaling pathways. Subsequently, we describe recent advances in the understanding of NT activities in various stem cells and their role in NDs, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Finally, we compile the implications of NTs and stem cells from a clinical perspective and discuss the challenges with regard to transplantation therapy for treatment of AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pramanik
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanuar Alan Sulistio
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Klaus Heese
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea.
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Wang S, Huang XF, Zhang P, Wang H, Zhang Q, Yu S, Yu Y. Chronic rhein treatment improves recognition memory in high-fat diet-induced obese male mice. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 36:42-50. [PMID: 27567591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
High-fat (HF) diet modulates gut microbiota and increases plasma concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is associated with obesity and its related low-grade inflammation and cognitive decline. Rhein is the main ingredient of the rhubarb plant which has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent for several millennia. However, the potential effects of rhein against HF diet-induced obesity and its associated alteration of gut microbiota, inflammation and cognitive decline have not been studied. In this study, C57BL/6J male mice were fed an HF diet for 8 weeks to induce obesity, and then treated with oral rhein (120 mg/kg body weight/day in HF diet) for a further 6 weeks. Chronic rhein treatment prevented the HF diet-induced recognition memory impairment assessed by the novel object recognition test, neuroinflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) deficits in the perirhinal cortex. Furthermore, rhein inhibited the HF diet-induced increased plasma LPS level and the proinflammatory macrophage accumulation in the colon and alteration of microbiota, including decreasing Bacteroides-Prevotella spp. and Desulfovibrios spp. DNA and increasing Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. DNA. Moreover, rhein also reduced body weight and improved glucose tolerance in HF diet-induced obese mice. In conclusion, rhein improved recognition memory and prevented obesity in mice on a chronic HF diet. These beneficial effects occur via the modulation of microbiota, hypoendotoxinemia, inhibition of macrophage accumulation, anti-neuroinflammation and the improvement of BDNF expression. Therefore, supplementation with rhein-enriched food or herbal medicine could be beneficial as a preventive strategy for chronic HF diet-induced cognitive decline, microbiota alteration and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, NeuRA, Barker Street Randwick, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Hongqin Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, NeuRA, Barker Street Randwick, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Qingsheng Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Shijia Yu
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China.
| | - Yinghua Yu
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, NeuRA, Barker Street Randwick, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.
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Havranek T, Zatkova M, Lestanova Z, Bacova Z, Mravec B, Hodosy J, Strbak V, Bakos J. Intracerebroventricular oxytocin administration in rats enhances object recognition and increases expression of neurotrophins, microtubule-associated protein 2, and synapsin I. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:893-901. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Havranek
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Martina Zatkova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Lestanova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Bacova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
- Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology; Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Boris Mravec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
- Institute of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Julius Hodosy
- Institute of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine; Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Strbak
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
- Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology; Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Jan Bakos
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Bratislava Slovakia
- Institute of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
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In search of a recognition memory engram. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 50:12-28. [PMID: 25280908 PMCID: PMC4382520 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of the perirhinal cortex in familiarity discrimination is reviewed. Behavioural, pharmacological and electrophysiological evidence is considered. The cortex is found to be essential for memory acquisition, retrieval and storage. The evidence indicates that perirhinal synaptic weakening is critically involved.
A large body of data from human and animal studies using psychological, recording, imaging, and lesion techniques indicates that recognition memory involves at least two separable processes: familiarity discrimination and recollection. Familiarity discrimination for individual visual stimuli seems to be effected by a system centred on the perirhinal cortex of the temporal lobe. The fundamental change that encodes prior occurrence within the perirhinal cortex is a reduction in the responses of neurones when a stimulus is repeated. Neuronal network modelling indicates that a system based on such a change in responsiveness is potentially highly efficient in information theoretic terms. A review is given of findings indicating that perirhinal cortex acts as a storage site for recognition memory of objects and that such storage depends upon processes producing synaptic weakening.
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Martin-Fairey CA, Nunez AA. Circadian modulation of memory and plasticity gene products in a diurnal species. Brain Res 2014; 1581:30-9. [PMID: 25063362 PMCID: PMC4157103 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cognition is modulated by circadian rhythms, in both nocturnal and diurnal species. Rhythms of clock gene expression occur in brain regions that are outside the master circadian oscillator of the suprachiasmatic nucleus and that control cognitive functions, perhaps by regulating the expression neural-plasticity genes such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high affinity receptor, tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). In the diurnal grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus), the hippocampus shows rhythms of clock genes that are 180° out of phase with those of nocturnal rodents. Here, we examined the hypothesis that this reversal extends to the optimal phase for learning a hippocampal-dependent task and to the phase of hippocampal rhythms in BDNF/TrkB expression. We used the Morris water maze (MWM) to test for time of day differences in reference memory and monitored daily patterns of hippocampal BDNF/TrkB expression in grass rats. Grass rats showed superior long-term retention of the MWM, when the training and testing occurred during the day as compared to the night, at a time when nocturnal laboratory rats show superior retention; acquisition of the MWM was not affected by time of day. BDNF/TrkB expression was rhythmic in the hippocampus of grass rats, and the phase of the rhythms was reversed compared to that of nocturnal rodents. Our findings provide correlational evidence for the claim that the circadian regulation of cognition may involve rhythms of BDNF/TrkB expression in the hippocampus and that their phase may contribute to species differences in the optimal phase for learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio A Nunez
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Roohbakhsh A, Parhiz H, Soltani F, Rezaee R, Iranshahi M. Neuropharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics of the citrus flavonoids hesperidin and hesperetin — A mini-review. Life Sci 2014; 113:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sánchez-Martín FJ, Fan Y, Lindquist DM, Xia Y, Puga A. Lead induces similar gene expression changes in brains of gestationally exposed adult mice and in neurons differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80558. [PMID: 24260418 PMCID: PMC3834098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicants during embryonic life causes changes in the expression of developmental genes that may last for a lifetime and adversely affect the exposed individual. Developmental exposure to lead (Pb), an ubiquitous environmental contaminant, causes deficits in cognitive functions and IQ, behavioral effects, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Long-term effects observed after early life exposure to Pb include reduction of gray matter, alteration of myelin structure, and increment of criminal behavior in adults. Despite growing research interest, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the effects of lead in the central nervous system are still largely unknown. To study the molecular changes due to Pb exposure during neurodevelopment, we exposed mice to Pb in utero and examined the expression of neural markers, neurotrophins, transcription factors and glutamate-related genes in hippocampus, cortex, and thalamus at postnatal day 60. We found that hippocampus was the area where gene expression changes due to Pb exposure were more pronounced. To recapitulate gestational Pb exposure in vitro, we differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) into neurons and treated ESC-derived neurons with Pb for the length of the differentiation process. These neurons expressed the characteristic neuronal markers Tubb3, Syp, Gap43, Hud, Ngn1, Vglut1 (a marker of glutamatergic neurons), and all the glutamate receptor subunits, but not the glial marker Gafp. Importantly, several of the changes observed in Pb-exposed mouse brains in vivo were also observed in Pb-treated ESC-derived neurons, including those affecting expression of Ngn1, Bdnf exon IV, Grin1, Grin2D, Grik5, Gria4, and Grm6. We conclude that our ESC-derived model of toxicant exposure during neural differentiation promises to be a useful model to analyze mechanisms of neurotoxicity induced by Pb and other environmental agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Sánchez-Martín
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Diana M. Lindquist
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bollen E, Vanmierlo T, Akkerman S, Wouters C, Steinbusch H, Prickaerts J. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone improves memory consolidation processes in rats and mice. Behav Brain Res 2013; 257:8-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Neurobiology of major depressive disorder. Neural Plast 2013; 2013:873278. [PMID: 24222865 PMCID: PMC3810062 DOI: 10.1155/2013/873278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We survey studies which relate abnormal neurogenesis to major depressive disorder. Clinically, descriptive gene and protein expression analysis and genetic and functional studies revised here show that individual alterations of a complex signaling network, which includes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; the production of neurotrophins and growth factors; the expression of miRNAs; the production of proinflammatory cytokines; and, even, the abnormal delivery of gastrointestinal signaling peptides, are able to induce major mood alterations. Furthermore, all of these factors modulate neurogenesis in brain regions involved in MDD, and are functionally interconnected in such a fashion that initial alteration in one of them results in abnormalities in the others. We highlight data of potential diagnostic significance and the relevance of this information to develop new therapeutic approaches. Controversial issues, such as whether neurogenesis is the basis of the disease or whether it is a response induced by antidepressant treatments, are also discussed.
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Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor improves recognition memory in the rat. Neuropharmacology 2013; 75:255-61. [PMID: 23932816 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) plays pivotal roles in neuronal survival in the adult mammalian brain and may modulate forms of structural and functional plasticity, including neurogenesis. We have shown previously that six weeks of housing in an enriched environment (EE) that did not include access to running wheels resulted in improved recognition memory concomitant with increased NGF expression and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Here we have attempted to probe a causal link between NGF and the observed enrichment-induced changes in hippocampal function by assessing the effects of six weeks continuous intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of NGF on recognition memory and cell proliferation. We report that NGF-infused rats show enhanced recognition memory when compared with vehicle-treated controls. Expression of NGF and its receptor, TrkA, was increased in treated rats, as was expression of the synaptic vesicle protein, synapsin. Finally, we observed an increase in cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of NGF-treated rats. These data indicate that chronic infusion of NGF can stimulate an improvement in learning and memory that is associated with specific cellular changes in the hippocampus, including synaptogenesis and cell proliferation.
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