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Azami S, Forouzanfar F. Therapeutic potentialities of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in ischemic stroke: biochemical and molecular evidence. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:347-357. [PMID: 37721652 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death in patients. Despite considerable recent advances in the treatment of ischemic stroke, only a limited number of effective neuroprotective agents are available for stroke. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a popular herbal plant, and numerous studies have indicated its health benefits for several diseases. Green tea is of interest due to its high content of catechin derivatives, including epicatechin, gallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate. This review tried to develop a feasible background for the potential effects of green tea and its bioactive derivatives concerning protection against ischemic stroke. Green tea's antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects are believed to be efficacious in stroke treatment. Evidence supports the idea that green tea can be used to assist in treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakiba Azami
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Akçay G, Aslan M, Kipmen Korgun D, Çeker T, Akan E, Derin N. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the glutamatergic pathway in the male rat hippocampus after experimental focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25247. [PMID: 37800665 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the focal cerebral ischemia-induced changes in learning and memory together with glutamatergic pathway in rats and the effects of treatment of the animals with transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). One hundred male rats were divided into five groups as sham, tDCS, Ischemia/Reperfusion (IR), IR + tDCS, and IR + E-tDCS groups. Learning, memory, and locomotor activity functions were evaluated by behavioral experiments in rats. Glutamate and glutamine levels, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor (AMPAR1), N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDAR1 and NMDAR2A), vesicular glutamate transporter-1 (VGLUT-1), and excitatory amino acid transporters (EAAT1-3) mRNA expressions in hippocampus tissues were measured. Ischemic areas were analyzed by TTC staining. The increase was observed in IR + tDCS, and IR + E-tDCS groups compared to the IR group while a significant decrease was observed in IR group compared to the sham in the locomotor activity, learning, and memory tests. While glutamate and glutamine levels, AMPAR1, NMDAR1, NMDAR2A, VGLUT1, and EAAT1 mRNA expressions were significantly higher in IR group compared to the sham group, it was found to be significantly lower in IR + tDCS and IR + E-tDCS groups compared to the IR group. EAAT2 and EAAT3 mRNA expressions were significantly higher in IR + tDCS and IR + E-tDCS groups compared to the IR group. Ischemic areas were significantly decreased in IR + tDCS and IR + E-tDCS groups compared to the IR group. Current results suggest that tDCS application after ischemia improves learning and memory disorders and these effects of tDCS may be provided through transporters that regulate glutamate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guven Akçay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Mutay Aslan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Dijle Kipmen Korgun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tugçe Çeker
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Akan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Narin Derin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Vatandoust SM, Mahmoudi J, Oryan S, Farajdokht F, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Shotorbani SS, Xu H, Esfahani DE. Sericin improves memory and sociability impairments evoked by transient global cerebral ischemia through suppression of hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:209-219. [PMID: 37635480 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sericin (Ser) is a natural neuroactive macromolecule with diverse pharmacological properties, and our previous findings have shown its neuroprotective potentials. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Ser on cognitive dysfunction induced by transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (tGI/R) and its mechanism of action. The tGI/R was induced in BALB/c mice by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for two 5 min followed by a 10-min reperfusion period. After 24 h, mice were treated with normal saline or different doses of Ser (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) for 10 days. Cognitive performances were assessed using the Barnes maze and social interaction tasks. Oxidative stress markers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were assessed in the hippocampus. Markers of apoptosis (pro- and cleaved caspase-9 and 3, Bax, and Bcl-2) were assessed by Western blotting. Besides, transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay was used to detect apoptotic cell death. We show here that Ser administration improved tGI/R-induced cognitive deficits, enhanced the activity of SOD and GPx, increased TAC levels, while reduced MDA levels. Notably, Ser decreased neuronal apoptotic cell death in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region, accompanied by suppression of neuroinflammation, downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (caspase-9, caspases-3, and Bax), and upregulation of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. Taken together, Ser administration protected hippocampal neurons from apoptotic cell death by impeding oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and, in turn, improved cognitive function in the tGI/R mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehdi Vatandoust
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahrbanoo Oryan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University of Medical Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Delaram Eslimi Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Wang D, Li L, Pan H, Huang L, Sun X, He C, Wei Q. Comparison of the Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy and Unconstraint Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Limb Function-A Study on Human Patients and Rats with Cerebral Infarction. Brain Sci 2022; 13:brainsci13010004. [PMID: 36671986 PMCID: PMC9856592 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most conventional post-stroke rehabilitation treatments do not involve imposed constraints of the unaffected limb. In contrast, Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is comprised of massed task practice with the affected limb and constraint of the unaffected limb. CIMT is a promising rehabilitation technique used for motor recovery of affected limbs after stroke, but its effectiveness and mechanism are not fully understood. We compared the effects of the two exercise modes on limb function post-stroke in animal models and human subjects, and investigated whether oxidative stress response was involved in regulating the effects. We first conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT), in which 84 subjects with cerebral infarction were assigned to dose-matched constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), or unconstraint exercise (UE), or conventional rehabilitation treatment. Motor functions of the limb are primary outcomes of the RCT measured using Brief Fugl-Meyer upper extremity score (FMA-UE), Ashworth score, and Barthel scale. Psychological influence of CIMT and UE was also examined using Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Next, we investigated the effects of CIMT and UE in rats undergoing middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). Motor function, infarct volume, and pathohistological changes were investigated by mNSS, MRI, and histological studies. The role of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE was investigated using qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA experiments. In RCT, patients taking CIMT had a higher score in FMA-UE, Barthel index, and SDS, and a lower score in modified Ashworth, compared to those taking UE. In rats receiving CIMT, motor function was increased, and infarct volume was decreased compared to those receiving UE. The expression of Keap1 protein and mRNA in the peri-infarct tissue was decreased, and Nrf2 and ARE protein and mRNA were increased in rats receiving CIMT compared with UE. Nrf2 agonist t-BHQ increased the benefits of CIMT. In conclusion, CIMT is more effective than UE in improving upper limb motor function, reducing muscle spasm in patients with cerebral infarction compared to UE, but patients receiving CIMT may feel depressed. Moreover, both CIMT and UE are beneficial to limb function recovery and limit the infarct expansion in MCAO/R rats, but CIMT was more effective than UE. Oxidative stress reaction has an essential role in regulating the CIMT induced benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Hongxia Pan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Liyi Huang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Quan Wei
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611135, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-2885422847
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Han GJ, Min XZ, Ma SS, Ding C, Wang XQ. Xuesaitong Combined with Dexmedetomidine Improves Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Activating Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling and Mitophagy in Hippocampal Tissue. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5126042. [PMID: 36531207 PMCID: PMC9750788 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5126042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and poor prognosis, and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury is the main murderer. Here, we attempted to explore the effects and mechanism of Xuesaitong (XST) combined with dexmedetomidine (Dex) on CI/R injury in rats. First, a rat model of CI/R injury was constructed via the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method and treated with XST and Dex alone or in combination. Then, on the 5th and 10th days of treatment, the neurological impairment was assessed using the modified neurological severity scores (mNSS), the 8-arm radial maze test (8ARMT), novel object recognition test (NORT), and fear conditioning test (FCT). H&E staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampus. ELISA and related kits were used to assess the monoamine neurotransmitters and antioxidant enzyme activities in the hippocampus. The ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential levels, and qRT-PCR of genes related to mitochondrial function were determined to assess mitochondrial functions in the hippocampus and western blot to determine Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and mitophagy-related protein expression. The results showed that XST combined with Dex significantly reduced mNSS, improved spatial memory and learning deficits, and enhanced fear memory and cognitive memory ability in CI/R rats, which was superior to single-drug treatment. Moreover, XST combined with Dex treatment improved hippocampal histopathological damage; significantly increased the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, ATP, and mitochondrial membrane potential; and upregulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of mitophagy-related proteins in the hippocampus of CI/R rats. XST combined with Dex treatment also activated the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling and upregulated the protein expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQ. Altogether, this study showed that a combination of XST and Dex could activate the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling and mitophagy to protect rats from CI/R-related neurological impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jie Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Science), Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Xiang-Zhen Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Science), Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Science), Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Science), Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Science), Jinan, 250117 Shandong, China
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Karizmeh MS, Shabani M, Shabani M, Sardari M, Babaei JF, Nabavizadeh F, Sadr SS, Adeli S. Preconditioning exercise reduces hippocampal neuronal damage via increasing Klotho expression in ischemic rats. Brain Res Bull 2022; 188:133-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Segat HJ, Martini F, Roversi K, Rosa SG, Muller SG, Rossato DR, Nogueira CW, Burger ME. Impact of two different types of exercise training on AMPH addiction: Role of hippocampal neurotrophins. Physiol Behav 2022; 251:113804. [PMID: 35398334 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amphetamine (AMPH) abuse results in neurobehavioral alterations related to the reward circuit. The hippocampus plays a role in cognition, reward, and drug addiction. There are no pharmacological approaches to prevent AMPH relapse. Physical exercise has been studied as a non-pharmacological promising influence to attenuate reward symptoms related to addictive drugs. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effects of non-weight-loaded and weight-loaded physical exercise on behavioral (relapse, memory and anxiety) and hippocampal molecular parameters associated with AMPH addiction in Wistar rats. METHODS Male rats were subjected to the AMPH-Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) paradigm. After 8-conditioning days, they were subjected to swimming physical exercise protocol (without or with weight-load). Behavioral evaluations were performed to assess the influence of both exercise protocols in addiction parameters, including relapse after AMPH reconditioning, working memory, locomotor activity, and anxiety-like symptoms. Subsequently, protein levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF ex-vivo assays were carried out in samples of the hippocampus of the animals. RESULTS AMPH relapse and anxiety-like behaviors were reduced only in rats subjected to non-weight-loaded exercise. Hippocampal BDNF and pro-BDNF immunoreactivity were increased in non-weight-loaded exercise rats. Behavioral and molecular analyses were not modified in rats subjected to weight-loaded exercise. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that non-weight-loaded exercise was more effective against relapse and anxiety-like behavior induced by AMPH. Non-weight-loaded exercise upregulated the hippocampal immunocontent levels in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hecson Jesser Segat
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil.
| | - Franciele Martini
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Roversi
- Departement de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzan Gonçalves Rosa
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grendene Muller
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - Marilise Escobar Burger
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia; UFSM, RS, Brazil
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Neuroprotective Effect of Piclamilast-Induced Post-Ischemia Pharmacological Treatment in Mice. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2230-2243. [PMID: 35482135 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03609-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have evidenced the neuroprotective role of PDE4 inhibitors. However, whether PDE4 inhibitor, Piclamilast pharmacological post-treatment is protective during cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced injury remains unknown. Therefore, this study design included testing the hypothesis that Piclamilast administered at the beginning of a reperfusion phase (Piclamilast pPost-trt) shows protective effects and explores & probes underlying downstream mechanisms. Swiss albino male mice were subjected to global ischemic and reperfusion injury for 17 min. The animals examined cerebral infarct size, biochemical parameters, inflammatory mediators, and motor coordination. For memory, assessment mice were subjected to morris water maze (MWM) and elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Histological changes were assessed using HE staining. Piclamilast pPost-trt significantly reduced I/R injury-induced deleterious effects on biochemical parameters of oxidative stress, inflammatory parameters, infarct size, and histopathological changes, according to the findings. These neuroprotective effects of pPost-trt are significantly abolished by pre-treatment with selective CREB inhibitor, 666-15. Current study concluded that induced neuroprotective benefits of Piclamilast Post-trt, in all probability, maybe mediated through CREB activation. Hence, its neuroprotective effects can be further explored in clinical settings.
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Tea consumption and risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 377 592 UK Biobank participants. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:171. [PMID: 35474192 PMCID: PMC9042826 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a widely consumed beverage, tea boasts diverse health benefits. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between tea consumption and dementia risk. We conducted a prospective cohort study with 377 592 UK Biobank participants during a 9-year follow-up. Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation index, education, body mass index, lifestyle factors, dietary factors and apolipoprotein E4 status were used to examine the association of tea consumption with dementia risk. Subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex and forms of dementia (Alzheimer's disease [AD] and vascular dementia [VD]) were performed. Moreover, the restricted cubic splines were used to calculate the nonlinear relationship between daily dosage of tea and dementia risk. After adjustment for all covariates, tea drinkers were 16% (95% confidence interval: 8-23) less likely to develop dementia compared with non-drinkers. Moderate consumption (1-6 cups/day) of tea exerted significant protective effects. Subgroup analyses showed that mid-aged participants or males benefited more from tea consumption. Moreover, moderate drinkers had a 16-19% lower hazard of AD and a 25-29% lower hazard of VD. Furthermore, a U-shaped association between tea consumption and dementia risk was shown (Pnon-linearity = 7E-04), and the consumption of around three cups per day showed the strongest protective effect. Within 3 cups/day, drinking one extra cup of tea per day brought a 6% reduction of incidence. In conclusion, moderate consumption of tea was significantly associated with a reduced risk of dementia, suggesting that tea consumption could be a modifiable lifestyle factor for dementia.
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Zhu Y, Sun Y, Hu J, Pan Z. Insight Into the Mechanism of Exercise Preconditioning in Ischemic Stroke. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:866360. [PMID: 35350755 PMCID: PMC8957886 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.866360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise preconditioning has attracted extensive attention to induce endogenous neuroprotection and has become the hotspot in neurotherapy. The training exercise is given multiple times before cerebral ischemia, effectively inducing ischemic tolerance and alleviating secondary brain damage post-stroke. Compared with other preconditioning methods, the main advantages of exercise include easy clinical operation and being readily accepted by patients. However, the specific mechanism behind exercise preconditioning to ameliorate brain injury is complex. It involves multi-pathway and multi-target regulation, including regulation of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis inhibition, and neurogenesis promotion. The current review summarizes the recent studies on the mechanism of neuroprotection induced by exercise, providing the theoretical basis of applying exercise therapy to prevent and treat ischemic stroke. In addition, we highlight the various limitations and future challenges of translational medicine from fundamental study to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jichao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhuoer Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
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Li W, Yue L, Xiao S. Prospective Associations of Tea Consumption With Risk of Cognitive Decline in the Elderly: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study in China. Front Nutr 2022; 9:752833. [PMID: 35265653 PMCID: PMC8899511 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.752833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies show that the consumption of tea is associated with several beneficial outcomes for brain health, but there is little data among the elderly in China. Objective The objective was to explore the longitudinal relationship between tea consumption and the risk of cognitive decline. Methods The current data was obtained from the China Longitudinal Aging Study (CLAS), and a total of 3,246 residents aged 60 years and above were recruited in this study. Some of them (N = 111) underwent a standard T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), from which the volumes of the corpus callosum (CC) and hippocampus were calculated, and detailed tea consumption information was obtained through a standardized questionnaire at baseline. The cognitive diagnosis of each participant was made by attending psychiatrists at baseline and follow-up. Their overall cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while their associative learning ability was assessed by an associative learning test (ALT). Finally, 1,545 elderly with normal cognitive function completed the baseline and follow-up assessment and were included in the final study. Results After controlling gender, education, smoking, take exercise and hobbies, we found that the elderly with tea consumption habits had a lower incidence rate of cognitive decline (p = 0.002, OR = 0.604, 95%CI:0.437~0.836) and tea consumption was negatively correlated with the change scores of MoCA (r = -0.056, p = 0.029). What's more, the CC_posterior volume of tea drinkers was significantly smaller than that of non-tea drinkers, while the baseline ALT score of tea drinkers was significantly higher than that of non-tea drinkers. The results of correlation analysis showed that the CC_posterior volume was significantly correlated with ALT change score (r = -0.319, p = 0.010). Conclusions The habit of tea consumption is associated with less incidence of cognitive impairment among the Chinese elderly, and it may prevent a decline in memory and associative learning by affecting the volume of the posterior corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yue
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifu Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Soares CB, Daré LR, Lima KR, Lopes LF, Santos AGD, Schimidt HL, Carpes FP, Lloret A, Viña J, Mello-Carpes PB. Multicomponent Training Prevents Memory Deficit Related to Amyloid-β Protein-Induced Neurotoxicity. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:143-154. [PMID: 34275902 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of the amyloid-β peptide in the brain, leading to early oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. It has been suggested that physical exercise could be beneficial in preventing AD, but studies with multicomponent training are scanty. OBJECTIVE Verify the effects of multicomponent exercise training to prevent deficits in recognition memory related to Aβ neurotoxicity. METHODS We subjected Wistar rats to multicomponent training (including aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise and cognitive exercise) and then infused amyloid-β peptide into their hippocampus. RESULTS We show that long-term multicomponent training prevents the amyloid-β-associated neurotoxicity in the hippocampus. It reduces hippocampal lipid peroxidation, restores antioxidant capacity, and increases glutathione levels, finally preventing recognition memory deficits. CONCLUSION Multicomponent training avoids memory deficits related to amyloid-β neurotoxicity on an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leticia Rossi Daré
- Federal University of Pampa, campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.,Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jose Viña
- University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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13
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Halder S, Anand U, Nandy S, Oleksak P, Qusti S, Alshammari EM, El-Saber Batiha G, Koshy EP, Dey A. Herbal drugs and natural bioactive products as potential therapeutics: A review on pro-cognitives and brain boosters perspectives. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:879-907. [PMID: 34408548 PMCID: PMC8363108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory, one of the most vital aspects of the human brain, is necessary for the effective survival of an individual. 'Memory' can be defined in various ways but in an overall view, memory is the retention of the information that the brain grasps. Different factors are responsible for the disbalance in the brain's hippocampus region and the acetylcholine level, which masters the memory and cognitive functions. Plants are a source of pharmacologically potent drug molecules of high efficacy. Recently herbal medicine has evolved rapidly, gaining great acceptance worldwide due to their natural origin and fewer side effects. In this review, the authors have discussed the mechanisms and pharmacological action of herbal bioactive compounds to boost memory. Moreover, this review presents an update of different herbs and natural products that could act as memory enhancers and how they can be potentially utilized in the near future for the treatment of severe brain disorders. In addition, the authors also discuss the differences in biological activity of the same herb and emphasize the requirement for a higher standardization in cultivation methods and plant processing. The demand for further studies evaluating the interactions of herbal drugs is mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Halder
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Safaa Qusti
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eida M. Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Eapen P. Koshy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
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14
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Gutierrez MEZ, Savall ASP, da Luz Abreu E, Nakama KA, Dos Santos RB, Guedes MCM, Ávila DS, Luchese C, Haas SE, Quines CB, Pinton S. Co-nanoencapsulated meloxicam and curcumin improves cognitive impairment induced by amyloid-beta through modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 in mice. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:783-789. [PMID: 33063743 PMCID: PMC8067937 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.295339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder and complex mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of AD. However, there is data suggesting that inflammation plays a role in its development and progression. Indeed, some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as meloxicam, which act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) have been used as neuroprotective agents in different neurodegenerative disease models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of co-nanoencapsulated curcumin and meloxicam in lipid core nanocapsules (LCN) on cognitive impairment induced by amyloid-beta peptide injection in mice. LCN were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method. Male Swiss mice received a single intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-beta peptide aggregates (fragment 25–35, 3 nmol/3 μL) or vehicle and were subsequently treated with curcumin-loaded LCN (10 mg/kg) or meloxicam-loaded LCN (5 mg/kg) or meloxicam + curcumin-co-loaded LCN (5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively). Treatments were given on alternate days for 12 days (i.e., six doses, once every 48 hours, by intragastric gavage). Our data showed that amyloid-beta peptide infusion caused long-term memory deficits in the inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in mice. In the inhibitory avoidance test, both meloxicam and curcumin formulations (oil or co-loaded LCN) improved amyloid-beta-induced memory impairment in mice. However, only meloxicam and curcumin-co-loaded LCN attenuated non-aversive memory impairment in the object recognition test. Moreover, the beneficial effects of meloxicam and curcumin-co-loaded LCN could be explained by the anti-inflammatory properties of these drugs through cortical COX-2 downregulation. Our study suggests that the neuroprotective potential of meloxicam and curcumin co-nanoencapsulation is associated with cortical COX-2 modulation. This study was approved by the Committee on Care and Use of Experimental Animal Resources, the Federal University of Pampa, Brazil (approval No. 02-2015) on April 16, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Suély Pinto Savall
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Edina da Luz Abreu
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Kelly Ayumi Nakama
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Bem Dos Santos
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandra Elisa Haas
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry; Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brandão Quines
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Pinton
- Postgraduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
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15
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Strength training or green tea prevent memory deficits in a β-amyloid peptide-mediated Alzheimer's disease model. Exp Gerontol 2020; 143:111186. [PMID: 33279659 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant supplementation and physical exercise have been discussed as strategies to minimize neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the neuroprotective effects of strength exercise (StrEx) and green tea (GT) supplementation, combined or not, on memory impairments induced by β-amyloid characterizing an AD-like condition in rats. Wistar rats were submitted to 8 weeks of StrEx, GT supplementation, or StrEx and GT combined. AD-like condition was induced by injection of Aβ (25-35) in the hippocampus. We evaluate object recognition (OR) and social recognition (SR) memory, and removed the rats' hippocampus for biochemical analysis. StrEx improved OR and SR. StrEx combined with GT improved OR and did not improve SR. GT reduced antioxidant capacity and improved acetylcholinesterase activity. Both strength exercise and green tea are neuroprotective against impairments resultant of β-amyloid, but benefits do not add up when the two interventions are associated.
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Qian YX, Ma QH, Sun HP, Xu Y, Pan CW. Combined effect of three common lifestyle factors on cognitive impairment among older Chinese adults: a community-based, cross-sectional survey. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:844-849. [PMID: 32869429 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Lifestyle factors may influence cognitive function. Therefore, we compared the risk of cognitive impairment (COI) of all possible combinations of three lifestyle factors-tea consumption, physical activity, and siesta (afternoon nap or rest)-to the absence of any of these lifestyle factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of 4579 community-dwelling Chinese individuals aged 60 years or older living in Suzhou. Among the subjects were 3634 participants with normal cognition and 945 who had been diagnosed with COI according to the Abbreviated Mental Test. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with a multivariate-adjusted model by logistic regression. RESULTS Individually, tea consumption and physical activity significantly lowered the risk of COI to 0.66 (95%CI: 0.48-0.90) and 0.79 (95%CI: 0.65-0.96), respectively. In combination, physical activity and siesta reduced the risk of COI to the greatest extent (OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.31-0.64). Based on multivariate adjustment, almost all combinations of factors had a significant negative association with COI, but the combination of tea consumption and siesta had an irrelevant correlation with COI. All combinations of lifestyle factors had a lower OR than any single lifestyle factor among the correlations that were significant. CONCLUSION Based on our findings, engaging in physical activity in combination with either or both of the other lifestyle factors was associated with a lower OR of having COI than adhering on a single factor in elderly Chinese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Qian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing-Hua Ma
- Department of Prevention Care, The 3rd People's Hospital of Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Peng Sun
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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17
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Akinmoladun AC, Obadaye TS, Olaleye MT, Akindahunsi AA. Prophylaxis with a multicomponent nutraceutical abates transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13351. [PMID: 32614085 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a multicomponent nutraceutical on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in male Wistar rats was investigated. Animals were administered with the nutraceutical, Trévo™, for 7 days before 30 min of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion-induced cerebral ischemia and 24 hr of reperfusion. Behavioral assessment, biochemical estimations in the brain cortex, striatum, and hippocampus, and hippocampal histopathological evaluation were carried out after treatments. Results showed that ischemia/reperfusion-induced motor and cognitive deficits were abated in rats pretreated with Trévo™. Additionally, prophylaxis with Trévo™ blunted ischemia/reperfusion-induced redox stress, proinflammatory events, disturbances in neurotransmitter metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and histoarchitectural aberrations in the discreet brain regions. In summary, supplementation with Trévo™ provided neuroprotection to rats against transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and could be explored as a promising approach in stroke prevention. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: There is a worldwide increase in the incidence of cerebral ischemia or stroke. Although an advanced health care system and effective control of risk factors have led to the declining incidence in developed nations, a definitive cure for stroke remains elusive and the situation is growing worse in developing nations. The results of the present study revealed that supplementation with Trévo™ ameliorated neurobehavioral, neurochemical, and histopathological consequences of brain ischemia/reperfusion injury and could, therefore, be beneficial in stroke prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobi S Obadaye
- Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Mary T Olaleye
- Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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18
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Rossi Daré L, Garcia A, Neves BH, Mello-Carpes PB. One physical exercise session promotes recognition learning in rats with cognitive deficits related to amyloid beta neurotoxicity. Brain Res 2020; 1744:146918. [PMID: 32485172 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative pathological process that causes memory loss and cognitive impairment. One of the pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease is the amyloid-β protein aggregation on the brain. The regular practice of physical exercise is a consolidated strategy on the prevention of cognitive deficits; however, little is known about the effects of acute exercise on memory. We hypothesize that one physical exercise session could act as a modulator of learning. Here we investigated the effects of one single session of running (aerobic) or strength (anaerobic) exercise on memory deficits related to neurotoxicity induced by amyloid-β. Male Wistar rats were submitted to stereotaxic surgery to intrahippocampal infusion of amyloid-β protein or saline (control). Ten days after the surgery the rats were submitted to the object recognition (OR) memory task. Immediately after the OR learning session, some rats were submitted to one treadmill running or strength exercise session. Then, the animals were submitted to memory tests 24 h, 7, and 14 days after the OR learning. We demonstrated that one physical exercise session, both aerobic as anaerobic, performed after learning improves learning and memory, promoting memory persistence in control rats and memory consolidation in rats submitted to amyloid-β neurotoxicity model. Notably, the effects of the aerobic exercise session seem to be more prominent, since they also reflect in an improvement of object discrimination index for 7 days in control animals. We verified that the mechanisms involved in the effects of aerobic exercise include the dopaminergic system activation. The mechanisms involved in the anaerobic exercise effects seem to be others since no alterations on hippocampal dopamine or noradrenaline levels were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Rossi Daré
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Garcia
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Neves
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela B Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Li Z, Xiao G, Lyu M, Wang Y, He S, Du H, Wang X, Feng Y, Zhu Y. Shuxuening injection facilitates neurofunctional recovery via down-regulation of G-CSF-mediated granulocyte adhesion and diapedesis pathway in a subacute stroke mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110213. [PMID: 32417690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke neural damage is a serious health concern which does not yet have an effective treatment. We have shown previously that Shuxuening injection (SXNI), a Ginkgo biloba extract-based natural medicine, protects brain after an acute ischemic stroke, but its efficacy for post-stroke recovery is not known. This study was to investigate whether SXNI can improve the prognosis of stroke at a subacute phase. Mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and drugs or saline were injected by the tail vein every 12 h after reperfusion. The therapeutic effect of SXNI was evaluated by survival rate, modified neurologic severity scores (mNSS), open-field test, locomotive gait patterns, cerebral infarction volume, brain edema and histopathological changes. Subsequently, a combined method of RNA-seq and Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA) was performed to identify key targets and pathways of SXNI facilitating the prognosis of stroke in mouse brain. The results of the transcriptome analysis were verified by real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The experimental results showed that in the new subacute stroke model, SXNI markedly improves the survival rate, neurological and motor functions and histopathological changes, and significantly reduces cerebral infarction and edema volume. RNA-seq analysis of subacute stroke mice with or without SXNI (3 mL/kg) indicated 963 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with a fold change ≥ 1.5 and a P-value ≤ 0.01. IPA analysis of DEGs showed that granulocyte adhesion and diapedesis ranked first in the pathway ranking, and the most critical gene regulated by SXNI was G-csf. Simultaneously, RT-PCR, ELISA, WB and IHC results demonstrated that SXNI not only obviously reduced the mRNA expression levels of key genes G-csf, Sele and Mac-1 in this pathway, but also significantly decreased the protein expression levels of G-CSF in serum and E-selectin and MAC-1 in brain tissues. In summary, our research suggested that SXNI can exert a remarkable neurofunctional therapeutic effect on stroke mice via down-regulating G-CSF to inhibit granulocyte adhesion and diapedesis. This study provides experimental evidence that SXNI may fulfill the need for stroke medicine targeting specifically at the recovery stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Guangxu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ming Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yule Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin, 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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20
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Zhou J, Wu N, Lin L. Curcumin Suppresses Apoptosis and Inflammation in Hypoxia/Reperfusion-Exposed Neurons via Wnt Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920445. [PMID: 32107363 PMCID: PMC7061587 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury contributes to mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Curcumin has been shown to exert neuro-protective effects in the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this study was to investigate the neuro-protective activity of curcumin and the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) protocol was used to simulate I/R injury in vitro. Isolated neonatal neurons were pre-treated with curcumin at serially diluted concentrations and exposed to H/R injury. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. Contents of TNFa and IL6 in supernatant of cell culture medium were detected by ELISA. Protein expression, phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation levels were studied by Western blotting. RESULTS H/R reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis of neurons. H/R significantly increased Wnt5a expression, JNK1 phosphorylation, and NF-kappaB nuclear translocation. Moreover, expression levels of cleaved caspase3, TNFalpha, and IL6 were elevated in H/R-exposed neurons. Curcumin pre-treatment significantly increased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of neurons exposed to H/R, in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, curcumin pre-treatment significantly decreased expression levels of Wnt5a, IL6, TNFalpha, and phosphorylation level of JNK1, as well as the nuclear translocation level of NF-kappaB in H/R-exposed neurons, in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin exerted neuro-protective effects against H/R-induced neuron apoptosis and inflammation by inhibiting activation of the Wnt/JNK1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Zhou
- Newborn Ward and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital (North Section), Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Naisheng Wu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Liyun Lin
- Newborn Ward and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital (North Section), Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Vargas LS, Ramires Lima K, Piaia Ramborger B, Roehrs R, Izquierdo I, Mello-Carpes PB. Catecholaminergic hippocampal activation is necessary for object recognition memory persistence induced by one-single physical exercise session. Behav Brain Res 2019; 379:112356. [PMID: 31730785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Previously we demonstrated that a single physical exercise session promotes the persistence of object recognition (OR) memory and this effect involves the activation of the noradrenergic system. Here, using adult male Wistar rats (3 months old) we confirm that an aerobic single physical exercise session (30 min of treadmill running at an intensity of 60-70 % of indirect VO2 max.) after OR learning promotes memory persistence. We also demonstrate that this effect involves the dopaminergic system, since it is blocked when a D1-family receptor antagonist (SCH-23390, 1μg/μl) is infused into the hippocampus after the physical exercise session. Additionally, through HPLC experiments we demonstrate that a physical exercise session increases the hippocampal dopamine levels. Taken together, our results demonstrate that acute post-learning physical exercise is able to promote the persistence of OR memory, inducing the release of dopamine in hippocampus, which is necessary for the modulation of memory persistence. This work brings new evidences on the benefit of a single physical exercise session to memory, as well as suggests that catecholaminergic mechanisms are behind this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liane S Vargas
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Ramires Lima
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Piaia Ramborger
- Interdisciplinary Group of Research in Teaching Practice, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Interdisciplinary Group of Research in Teaching Practice, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Iván Izquierdo
- Memory Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Translational Neuroscience/CNPq, Brazil
| | - Pâmela B Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Grewal AK, Singh N, Singh TG. Effects of resveratrol postconditioning on cerebral ischemia in mice: role of the sirtuin-1 pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1094-1101. [PMID: 31340128 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has demonstrated that resveratrol preconditioning exhibits neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The current investigation aimed to explore whether pharmacological postconditioning, by administering resveratrol, after a sustained ischemia and prior to prolonged reperfusion abrogates cerebral IR injury. Cerebral IR-induced injury mice model was employed in this study to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of pharmacological postconditioning with resveratrol (30 mg/kg; i.p.) administered 5 min before reperfusion. We administered sirtinol, a SIRT1/2 selective inhibitor (10 mg/kg; i.p.) 10 min before ischemia (17 min) and reperfusion (24 h), to elucidate whether the neuroprotection with resveratrol postconditioning depends on SIRT1 activation. Various biochemical and behavioural parameters and histopathological changes were assessed to examine the effect of pharmacological postconditioning. Infarct size is estimated using TTC staining. It was established that resveratrol postconditioning abrogated the deleterious effects of IR injury expressed with regard to biochemical parameters of oxidative stress (TBARS, SOD, GSH), acetylcholinesterase activity, behavioural parameters (memory, motor coordination), infarct size, and histopathological changes. Sirtinol significantly reversed the effect of resveratrol postconditioning. We conclude that induced neuroprotective benefits of resveratrol postconditioning may be the consequence of SIRT1 activation and resveratrol can be considered, for further studies, as potential agent inducing pharmacological postconditioning in clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nirmal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
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Cao M, Fang Y, Jia W, Wang Y, Sun J, Tao D. Emodin relieves hypoxia-triggered injury via elevation of microRNA-25 in PC-12 cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2678-2687. [PMID: 31257935 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1633339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Emodin (EMO) possesses extensive pharmacological activities, which has been proven to exert the protective impact in diverse nervous system diseases. Nonetheless, whether EMO emerges a neuro-protective activity in hypoxic-evoked ischemic brain injury is still further probed. The intention of the research is to disclose whether EMO emerges neuro-protective activity in hypoxic-evoked ischemic brain injury. PC-12 received hypoxia administration, and then cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy were estimated. After EMO disposition, the above-involved cellular processes were evaluated again. MiR-25 functions in EMO-affected cells were also estimated. The interrelation between miR-25 and neurofilament light-chain polypeptide gene (NEFL) and the conceivable roles of NEFL in hypoxia-disposed cells were investigated. The latent mechanism was uncovered by mTOR and Notch pathways determination. Hypoxia triumphantly triggered apoptosis and autophagy, but EMO repressed these functions in PC-12 cells. Increased miR-25 was induced by EMO, and inhibited miR-25 abated the impacts of EMO on hypoxia-disposed PC-12 cells. NEFL as a neoteric target gene of miR-25 was predicated, and overexpressed NEFL annulled the functions of EMO in hypoxia-injured cells. EMO activated mTOR and Notch pathways through repressing NEFL. The investigations corroborated that EMO weakened hypoxia-triggered injury via elevating miR-25 by targeting NEFL in PC-12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan Cao
- a Department of Rehabilitation, Zibo Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital , Zibo , PR China
| | - Yuqing Fang
- b Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University , Jinan , PR China
| | - Wei Jia
- c Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University , Jinan , PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- d Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , PR China
| | - Jingyi Sun
- d Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , PR China
| | - Dingbo Tao
- d Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , PR China
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Schimidt HL, Garcia A, Izquierdo I, Mello-Carpes PB, Carpes FP. Strength training and running elicit different neuroprotective outcomes in a β-amyloid peptide-mediated Alzheimer's disease model. Physiol Behav 2019; 206:206-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zaric M, Drakulic D, Dragic M, Gusevac Stojanovic I, Mitrovic N, Grkovic I, Martinovic J. Molecular Alterations and Effects of Acute Dehydroepiandrosterone Treatment Following Brief Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion: Relevance to Transient Ischemic Attack. Neuroscience 2019; 410:128-139. [PMID: 31095985 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) represents brief neurological dysfunction of vascular origin without detectable infarction. Despite major clinical relevance characterization of post-TIA molecular changes using appropriate experimental model is lacking and no therapeutic agent has been established yet. Neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) arose as one of the candidates for cerebral ischemia treatment but its effects on TIA-like condition remain unknown. Seeking an animal model applicable for investigation of molecular alterations in mild ischemic conditions such as TIA, 15-min bilateral common carotid artery occlusion with 24-h reperfusion was performed to induce ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury in adult male Wistar rats. Additionally, effects of 4-h post-operative DHEA treatment (20 mg/kg) were investigated in physiological and I/R conditions in hippocampus (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The study revealed absence of sensorimotor deficits, cerebral infarcts and neurodegeneration along with preserved HIP and PFC overall neuronal morphology and unaltered malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione level following I/R and/or DHEA treatment. I/R induced nitric oxide burst in HIP and PFC was accompanied with increased neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein level exclusively in HIP. DHEA had no effects in physiological conditions, while increase of Bax/Bcl2 ratio and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential in treated I/R group suggested DHEA-mediated exacerbation of post-ischemic changes that might lead to pro-apoptotic events in HIP. Interestingly, DHEA restored I/R-induced NO to the control level in PFC. Obtained results indicated that I/R may serve as an appropriate model for investigation of molecular changes and treatment outcome following mild ischemic conditions such as TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Zaric
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
| | - Dunja Drakulic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Milorad Dragic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia; Department for General Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3, 11001 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Ivana Gusevac Stojanovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Natasa Mitrovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Ivana Grkovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Martinovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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Ravindran S, Kurian GA. Eventual analysis of global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat brain: a paradigm of a shift in stress and its influence on cognitive functions. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:581-594. [PMID: 31025239 PMCID: PMC6527675 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-00990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive issues in stroke arise as a result of reperfusion of a clogged artery, which is reported to exacerbate the injury in the brain leading to oxidative stress. Through the present work, we try to understand the regional variations across brain regions mainly cortex and striatum associated with the progression of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In a rat model of IRI, the influence of varying ischemia and reperfusion times on the biochemical phases across the brain regions were monitored. IRI resulted in the blood-brain barrier disruption and developed mild areas of risk. The brain's tolerance towards IRI indicated a progressive trend in the injury and apoptosis from ischemia to reperfusion that was supported by the activities of plasma lactate dehydrogenase and tissue caspase-3. Cognitive impairment in these rats was an implication of cellular oxidative stress (higher lipid peroxidation and lower antioxidant enzyme activity) that persisted by 24-h reperfusion. The oxidative stress was prominent in the cortex than the striatum and was supported by the lower ATP level. Upregulated Mn-SOD expression leading to a preserved mitochondria in the striatum could be attributed to the regional protection. Overall, a progression of IRI was observed from striatum to cortex leading to 5-day cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Ravindran
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - Gino A. Kurian
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
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Green Tea Seed Oil Suppressed Aβ 1⁻42-Induced Behavioral and Cognitive Deficit via the Aβ-Related Akt Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081865. [PMID: 30991755 PMCID: PMC6514763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the availability of seeds, one of the byproducts of green tea, and evaluate the physiological activity of seed oil. The ameliorating effect of green tea seed oil (GTO) was evaluated on H2O2-induced PC12 cells and amyloid beta (Aβ)1–42-induced ICR mice. GTO showed improvement of cell viability and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in H2O2-induced PC12 cells by conducting the 2′,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) analysis. Also, administration of GTO (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) presented protective effects on behavioral and memory dysfunction by conducting Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests in Aβ-induced ICR mice. GTO protected the antioxidant system by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing glutathione (GSH) contents. It significantly regulated the cholinergic system of acetylcholine (ACh) contents, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, and AChE expression. Also, mitochondrial function was improved through the reduced production of ROS and damage of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by regulating the Aβ-related c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/protein kinase B (Akt) and Akt/apoptosis pathways. This study suggested that GTO may have an ameliorating effect on cognitive dysfunction and neurotoxicity through various physiological activities.
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The Combined Extract of Black Sticky Rice and Dill Improves Poststroke Cognitive Impairment in Metabolic Syndrome Condition. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9089035. [PMID: 30937145 PMCID: PMC6413387 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9089035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increase in cognitive deficit following stroke in metabolic syndrome (MetS) condition, the therapeutic strategy is still limited. Since oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play the crucial roles on the pathophysiology of aforementioned conditions, the cognitive enhancing effect of the combined extract of Oryza sativa and Anethum graveolens was considered based on their antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective effects together with the synergistic effect concept. Male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were induced metabolic syndrome-like condition by using a high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHF diet). Then, reperfusion injury following cerebral ischemia was induced by the occlusion of right middle cerebral artery and treated with the combined extract of O. sativa and A. graveolens (OA extract) at doses of 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg BW once daily for 21 days. Spatial memory was assessed every 7 days throughout the experimental period. At the end of the study, neuron and glial fibrillary acidic protein- (GFAP-) positive cell densities, the oxidative stress status, AChE, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in the hippocampus were determined. The results showed that OA extract at all doses used in this study significantly improved memory together with the reductions of MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, AChE, and density of GFAP-positive cell but increased neuron density in the hippocampus. Taken together, OA is the potential cognitive enhancer in memory impairment following stroke in MetS condition. The possible underlying mechanism may occur partly via the reductions of oxidative stress status, GFAP-positive cell density, and neuroinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 together with the suppression of AChE activity in the hippocampus. This study suggests that OA is the potential functional ingredient to improve the cognitive enhancer. However, further clinical research is required.
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Maiti S, Nazmeen A, Medda N, Patra R, Ghosh TK. Flavonoids green tea against oxidant stress and inflammation with related human diseases. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Epicatechin Gallate Protects HBMVECs from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Ameliorating Apoptosis and Autophagy and Promoting Neovascularization. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7824684. [PMID: 30962864 PMCID: PMC6431361 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7824684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is one of the most beverages with antioxidants and nutrients. As one of the major components of green tea, (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) was evaluated for its antioxidative properties in the present study. Cell proliferation assay, tube formation, cell migration, apoptosis, and autophagy were performed in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to investigate potential anti-ischemia/reperfusion injury properties of ECG in vitro. Markers of oxidative stress as ROS, LDH, MDA, and SOD were further assayed in our study. Data indicated that ECG could affect neovascularization and promote cell proliferation, tube formation, and cell migration while inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy through affecting VEGF, Bcl-2, BAX, LC3B, caspase 3, mTOR, and Beclin-1 expression. All the data suggested that ECG may be protective for the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting neovascularization, alleviating apoptosis and autophagy, and promoting cell proliferation in HBMVECs of OGD/R.
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Loprinzi PD, Frith E. Protective and therapeutic effects of exercise on stress-induced memory impairment. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:1-12. [PMID: 30203315 PMCID: PMC10717705 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to systematically evaluate the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of exercise in attenuating stress-induced memory impairment. A systematic review was employed, searching PubMed, PsychInfo, Sports Discus and Google Scholar databases. For eligibility, studies had to be published in English, employ an experimental design, have the acute or chronic bout of exercise occur prior to, during or after the stressor, implement a psychophysiological stressor, and have an assessment of memory function occurring after the stressor. In total, 23 studies were evaluated, all of which were conducted among animal models. All 23 studies employed a chronic exercise protocol and a chronic stress protocol. Eight studies evaluated a preventive model, three employed a concurrent model, ten studies employed a therapeutic model, and two studies evaluated both a preventive and therapeutic model within the same study. Among the eight studies employing a preventive model, all eight demonstrated that the stress regimen impaired memory function. In all eight of these studies, when exercise occurred prior to the stressor, exercise attenuated the stress-induced memory impairment effect. Among the ten studies employing a therapeutic model, one study showed that the stress protocol enhanced memory function, one showed that the stress protocol did not influence memory, and eight demonstrated that the stress regimen impaired memory function. Among the eight studies showing that the stress protocol impaired memory function, all eight studies demonstrated that exercise, after the stressor, attenuated stress-induced memory impairment. Within animal models, chronic stress is associated with memory impairment and chronic exercise has both a preventive and therapeutic effect in attenuating stress-induced memory impairment. Additional experimental work in human studies is needed. Such work should also examine acute exercise and stress protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Loprinzi
- Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, 229 Turner Center, University, MS, 38677, USA.
| | - Emily Frith
- Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, 229 Turner Center, University, MS, 38677, USA
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de Souza RF, de Moraes SRA, Augusto RL, de Freitas Zanona A, Matos D, Aidar FJ, da Silveira Andrade-da-Costa BL. Endurance training on rodent brain antioxidant capacity: A meta-analysis. Neurosci Res 2018; 145:1-9. [PMID: 30326252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The influence of physical exercise on brain antioxidant defense mechanisms has been studied. Nevertheless, the effect of training volume on the brain`s redox balance remains unclear. In this meta-analysis, we compared the effect of training volume on antioxidant enzymatic resource and lipid peroxidation on various brain regions. The activities of the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also evaluated. The effects of training periods (weeks) and exercise duration were compared. Meta-analysis revealed that protocols over 8 weeks were associated with an increase in SOD (p = 0.0008) and CAT activities (p = 0.0001). Exercise durations for 30 and 60 min were associated with higher CAT activity (p = 0.04). Joint analysis revealed that moderate physical exercise over 4 and 8 weeks promoted a healthy enzymatic balance. However, high volumes of exercise over 8 weeks were associated with the increased antioxidant enzymatic activity, indicating higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The data also indicated that there is still limited research and inaccurate information, on the safety conditions of training periods that simulate tests of ultra resistance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Fabricio de Souza
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil; Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports - GEPEPS, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricielle Lopes Augusto
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Aristela de Freitas Zanona
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Dihogo Matos
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports - GEPEPS, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Felipe J Aidar
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil; Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports - GEPEPS, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil; Graduate Program in Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Belmira Lara da Silveira Andrade-da-Costa
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Effects of cafeteria diet on memory and hippocampal oxidative stress in a rat model of Alzheimer-like disease: Neuroprotection of green tea supplementation. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Green Tea and Red Tea from Camellia sinensis Partially Prevented the Motor Deficits and Striatal Oxidative Damage Induced by Hemorrhagic Stroke in Rats. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:5158724. [PMID: 30174686 PMCID: PMC6098885 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5158724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea from Camellia sinensis plays a well-established neuroprotective role in several neurodegenerative diseases, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the other teas of the same plant do not have their properties well understood; but they can be as effective as green tea as an alternative therapy. In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation with green tea and red tea from Camellia sinensis on motor deficits and striatum oxidative damage in rats submitted to hemorrhagic stroke (ICH). Male Wistar rats were supplemented with green tea, red tea, or vehicle for 10 days prior to ICH induction. After injury, the rats were submitted to motor tests (open field for locomotion, rotarod for balance, and neurological deficit scale (NDS)) 1, 3, and 7 days after ICH induction, while the tea supplementation was maintained. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized to striatal tissue dissection for biochemical analyzes (lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, glutathione levels, and total antioxidant capacity). ICH caused locomotor and balance deficits, as well as increased the neurological deficit (NDS). Only red tea prevented locomotor deficits after injury. Green tea and red tea prevented balance deficits on the seventh day after ICH. On NDS evaluation, green tea presented a better neuroprotection than red tea (until day 3 after ICH injury). In addition, ICH increased reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation levels, without altering antioxidant markers. Green and red teas were effective in decreasing the lipid peroxidation levels. Therefore, green and red teas partially prevented the motor deficits and striatal oxidative damage induced by ICH. Based on our results, we can consider that the two teas seem to be equally effective to prevent motor deficits and striatal oxidative damage induced by hemorrhagic stroke in rats.
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Levosimendan enhances memory through antioxidant effect in rat model: behavioral and molecular study. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 29:344-350. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lefevre S, Stecyk JAW, Torp MK, Løvold LY, Sørensen C, Johansen IB, Stensløkken KO, Couturier CS, Sloman KA, Nilsson GE. Re-oxygenation after anoxia induces brain cell death and memory loss in the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 220:3883-3895. [PMID: 29093186 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.165118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) survive without oxygen for several months, but it is unknown whether they are able to protect themselves from cell death normally caused by the absence, and particularly return, of oxygen. Here, we quantified cell death in brain tissue from crucian carp exposed to anoxia and re-oxygenation using the terminal deoxy-nucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay, and cell proliferation by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as well as PCNA mRNA expression. We also measured mRNA and protein expression of the apoptosis executer protease caspase 3, in laboratory fish exposed to anoxia and re-oxygenation and fish exposed to seasonal anoxia and re-oxygenation in their natural habitat over the year. Finally, a behavioural experiment was used to assess the ability to learn and remember how to navigate in a maze to find food, before and after exposure to anoxia and re-oxygenation. The number of TUNEL-positive cells in the telencephalon increased after 1 day of re-oxygenation following 7 days of anoxia, indicating increased cell death. However, there were no consistent changes in whole-brain expression of caspase 3 in either laboratory-exposed or naturally exposed fish, indicating that cell death might occur via caspase-independent pathways or necrosis. Re-oxygenated crucian carp appeared to have lost the memory of how to navigate in a maze (learnt prior to anoxia exposure), while the ability to learn remained intact. PCNA mRNA was elevated after re-oxygenation, indicating increased neurogenesis. We conclude that anoxia tolerance involves not only protection from damage but also repair after re-oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjannie Lefevre
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonathan A W Stecyk
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - May-Kristin Torp
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa Y Løvold
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christina Sørensen
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida B Johansen
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre-Olav Stensløkken
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine S Couturier
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Katherine A Sloman
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Göran E Nilsson
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
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Pan X, Jiang T, Zhang L, Zheng H, Luo J, Hu X. Physical Exercise Promotes Novel Object Recognition Memory in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats after Ischemic Stroke by Promoting Neural Plasticity in the Entorhinal Cortex. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:185. [PMID: 29167635 PMCID: PMC5682296 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia leads to memory impairment, and several studies have indicated that physical exercise (PE) has memory-improving effects after ischemia. This study was designed to further explore the specific role of PE in novel object recognition (NOR) memory after stroke and the exact cortical regions in which memory is restored by PE. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or sham surgery, followed by 26 days of PE starting on day 3 post-tMCAO. Thereafter, infarct volume, neurobehavioral outcome and NOR memory were assessed. Immunofluorescence staining and Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining were performed in the prefrontal cortex, entorhinal cortex and corpus callosum regions. Western blot analysis was performed to detect expressions of Nestin, Bcl-2 and SYN proteins in the entorhinal cortex. After tMCAO, NOR memory impairment was found in SHR. Rats subjected to PE post-tMCAO showed increased discrimination ratio, as well as significant decreases in infarct volumes and modified neurological severity scores (mNSS), when compared with tMCAO rats without PE. After stroke, NeuN-positive cell number was drastically reduced in the entorhinal cortex, rather than in the prefrontal cortex. Ischemic stroke had no impact on myelin and phospholipids, and the ratio of SMI-32/MBP in the corpus callosum. PE increased NeuN, Nestin, Ki67, MBP, SYN, PSD-95 and Bcl-2 expressions in the entorhinal cortex, while TUNEL and SMI-32 expressions were decreased. In conclusion, the NOR memory-improving capacity promoted by PE was closely related to neuronal cell proliferation and synaptic plasticity of the entorhinal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Menezes J, Neves BH, Souza M, Mello-Carpes PB. Green tea protects against memory deficits related to maternal deprivation. Physiol Behav 2017; 182:121-127. [PMID: 29031548 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Maternal deprivation (MD) in early life affects the development of the brain, causing cognitive losses in adulthood. Oxidative imbalance may be one of the factors that trigger these deficits. Therapies with antioxidant components, like green tea from Camellia sinensis (GT) has been used to treat or prevent memory deficits in a variety of conditions related to oxidative stress. Here we demonstrate that memory deficits caused by MD can be prevented by GT antioxidant activity in hippocampus. Pregnant female rats were used. Her puppies were submitted to MD and intake of GT. Recognition and aversive memory were evaluated, as well as hippocampal oxidative status. Data showed that MD prejudice short and long-term recognition and aversive memory and that GT protected memory. Hippocampal reactive oxygen species levels were increased in MD rats; this increase was avoided by GT supplementation. GSH was decreased on hippocampus MD rats. GT did not avoid GSH decrease, but promote the increase of total antioxidant capacity in MD rats' hippocampus. In conclusion, GT protects against memory deficits related to MD, and one of the implicated mechanism seems to be the antioxidant effects of GT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Menezes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Neves
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauren Souza
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Billig Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Ren Z, Zhang R, Li Y, Li Y, Yang Z, Yang H. Ferulic acid exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1444-1456. [PMID: 28901374 PMCID: PMC5627889 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a derivative of cinnamic acid. It is used in the treatment of heart head blood-vessel disease and exerts protective effects against hypoxia/ischemia-induced cell injury in the brain. This study investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of FA against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in vivo and in vitro through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining assays, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33258 staining, quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopic analysis. In this study, models of cerebral I/R injury were established using rats and pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. The results revealed that treatment with FA significantly attenuated memory impairment, and reduced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. The results from in vitro experiments also indicated that FA protected the PC-12 cells against I/R-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis by inhibiting apoptosis, Ca2+ influx, superoxide anion (O2-), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) production in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, FA inactivated the Toll-like receptor (TLR)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) pathway. MyD88 overexpression abolished the neuroprotective effects of FA. On the whole, we found that FA attenuated memory dysfunction and exerted protective effects against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by I/R injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. This study supports the view that FA may be a promising neuroprotective agent for use in the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkun Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Biomedical Engineering Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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Ergün Y. Deney hayvanlarındaki iskemi-reperfüzyon hasarı modellerinde yeşil çayın etkileri. KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNIVERSITESI TIP FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2017. [DOI: 10.17517/ksutfd.310324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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41
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Schimidt HL, Garcia A, Martins A, Mello-Carpes PB, Carpes FP. Green tea supplementation produces better neuroprotective effects than red and black tea in Alzheimer-like rat model. Food Res Int 2017; 100:442-448. [PMID: 28873707 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Green tea from Camellia sinensis plays a neuroprotective role in different neurodegenerative conditions, such as memory deficits in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, whether other teas from Camellia sinensis present similar neuroprotective effect still is not clear. Here we investigate effects of green, red and black tea supplementation on memory and hippocampus oxidative status in a rat model of Alzheimer-like disease (AD-like). METHOD Wistar male rats were supplemented with green, red or black tea during 8weeks before Aβ intra-hippocampal injection (2μL of Aβ-25-35, CA1 region). AD and sham rats were submitted to memory tests. After euthanasia, oxidative status in the bilateral hippocampus was quantified. Green and red teas avoid memory deficits in AD rats, but only green tea also avoids oxidative stress and damage in the hippocampus. Green tea was more effective for neuroprotection than red and black teas from the Camellia sinensis in the AD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Schimidt
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Garcia
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Martins
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Pamela B Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe P Carpes
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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One-single physical exercise session after object recognition learning promotes memory persistence through hippocampal noradrenergic mechanisms. Behav Brain Res 2017; 329:120-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Short-term green tea supplementation prevents recognition memory deficits and ameliorates hippocampal oxidative stress induced by different stroke models in rats. Brain Res Bull 2017; 131:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Martins A, Schimidt HL, Garcia A, Colletta Altermann CD, Santos FW, Carpes FP, da Silva WC, Mello-Carpes PB. Supplementation with different teas from Camellia sinensis prevents memory deficits and hippocampus oxidative stress in ischemia-reperfusion. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:287-295. [PMID: 28465087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Memory and cognition impairments resultant of ischemic stroke could be minimized or avoided by antioxidant supplementation. In this regard, the neuroprotective potential of Green tea from Camellia sinensis has been investigated. However, there is a lack of information regarding the neuroprotective potential of others teas processed from the Camellia sinensis. Here we investigate the neuroprotective role of green, red, white and black tea on memory deficits and brain oxidative stress in a model of ischemic stroke in rats. Our findings show that green and red teas prevent deficits in object and social recognition memories, but only green tea protects against deficits in spatial memory and avoids hippocampal oxidative status and intense necrosis and others alterations in the brain tissue. In summary, green tea shows better neuroprotection in ischemic stroke than the others teas from Camellia sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Martins
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Helen L Schimidt
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Garcia
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Francielli W Santos
- Biotechnology of Reproduction Laboratory, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe P Carpes
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Weber Cláudio da Silva
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, University of the Centro-Oeste of Paraná, PR, Brazil
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Ashafaq M, Tabassum H, Parvez S. Modulation of Behavioral Deficits and Neurodegeneration by Tannic Acid in Experimental Stroke Challenged Wistar Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5941-5951. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Marcelino TB, de Lemos Rodrigues PI, Klein CP, Santos BGD, Miguel PM, Netto CA, Silva LOP, Matté C. Behavioral benefits of maternal swimming are counteracted by neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in the offspring. Behav Brain Res 2016; 312:30-8. [PMID: 27283975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) represents one of the most common causes of neonatal encephalopathy. The central nervous system injury comprises several mechanisms, including inflammatory, excitotoxicity, and redox homeostasis unbalance leading to cell death and cognitive impairment. Exercise during pregnancy is a potential therapeutic tool due to benefits offered to mother and fetus. Swimming during pregnancy elicits a strong metabolic programming in the offspring's brain, evidenced by increased antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial biogenesis, and neurogenesis. This article aims to evaluate whether the benefits of maternal exercise are able to prevent behavioral brain injury caused by neonatal HI. Female adult Wistar rats swam before and during pregnancy (30min/day, 5 days/week, 4 weeks). At 7(th) day after birth, the offspring was submitted to HI protocol and, in adulthood (60(th) day), it performed the behavioral tests. It was observed an increase in motor activity in the open field test in HI-rats, which was not prevented by maternal exercise. The rats subjected to maternal swimming presented an improved long-term memory in the object recognition task, which was totally reversed by neonatal HI encephalopathy. BDNF brain levels were not altered; suggesting that HI or maternal exercise effects were BDNF-independent. In summary, our data suggest a beneficial long-term effect of maternal swimming, despite not being robust enough to protect from HI injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Beltram Marcelino
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Peres Klein
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Gindri Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Netto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas de Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenir Orlandi Pereira Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Matté
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, ICBS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas de Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zhang Y, Cao RY, Jia X, Li Q, Qiao L, Yan G, Yang J. Treadmill exercise promotes neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via downregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:3161-3173. [PMID: 28003752 PMCID: PMC5161395 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s121779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which is associated with serious physical deficits that affect daily living and quality of life and produces immense public health and economic burdens. Both clinical and experimental data suggest that early physical training after ischemic brain injury may reduce the extent of motor dysfunction. However, the exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on neuroprotection and understand the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was conducted to establish a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury to mimic ischemic stroke. Experimental animals were divided into the following three groups: sham (n=34), MCAO (n=39), and MCAO plus treadmill exercise (n=28). The effects of aerobic exercise intervention on ischemic brain injury were evaluated using functional scoring, histological analysis, and Bio-Plex Protein Assays. RESULTS Early aerobic exercise intervention was found to improve motor function, prevent death of neuronal cells, and suppress the activation of microglial cells and astrocytes. Furthermore, it was observed that aerobic exercise downregulated the expression of the cytokine interleukin-1β and the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 after transient MCAO in experimental rats. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that treadmill exercise rehabilitation promotes neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via the downregulation of proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Y Cao
- Laboratory of Immunology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xinling Jia
- School of Life sciences, Shanghai University
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation
| | | | - Guofeng Yan
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Sardari M, Rezayof A, Khodagholi F. Hippocampal signaling pathways are involved in stress-induced impairment of memory formation in rats. Brain Res 2015; 1625:54-63. [PMID: 26301822 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Stress is a potent modulator of hippocampal-dependent memory formation. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of hippocampal signaling pathways in stress-induced memory impairment in male Wistar rats. The animals were exposed to acute elevated platform (EP) stress and memory formation was measured by a step-through type passive avoidance task. The results indicated that post-training or pre-test exposure to EP stress impaired memory consolidation or retrieval respectively. Using western blot analysis, it was found that memory retrieval was associated with the increase in the levels of phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element binding protein (P-CREB), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and its downstream targets in the hippocampus. In contrast, the stress exposure decreased the hippocampal levels of these proteins. In addition, stress-induced impairment of memory consolidation or retrieval was associated with the decrease in the P-CREB/CREB ratio and the PGC-1α level in the hippocampus. On the other hand, the hippocampal level of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) which are the master regulators of defense system were decreased by the stress exposure. The increased hippocampal levels of Nrf2 and it׳s downstream was observed during memory retrieval, while stress-induced impairment of memory consolidation or retrieval inhibited this hippocampal signaling pathway. Overall, these findings suggest that down-regulation of CREB/PGC-1α signaling cascade and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways in the hippocampus may be associated with memory impairment induced by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sardari
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sosa PM, Schimidt HL, Altermann C, Vieira AS, Cibin FWS, Carpes FP, Mello-Carpes PB. Physical exercise prevents motor disorders and striatal oxidative imbalance after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26222650 PMCID: PMC4568807 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide, and most stroke survivors present some functional impairment. We assessed the striatal oxidative balance and motor alterations resulting from stroke in a rat model to investigate the neuroprotective role of physical exercise. Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 groups: a) control, b) ischemia, c) physical exercise, and d) physical exercise and ischemia. Physical exercise was conducted using a treadmill for 8 weeks. Ischemia-reperfusion surgery involved transient bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for 30 min. Neuromotor performance (open-field and rotarod performance tests) and pain sensitivity were evaluated beginning at 24 h after the surgery. Rats were euthanized and the corpora striata was removed for assay of reactive oxygen species, lipoperoxidation activity, and antioxidant markers. Ischemia-reperfusion caused changes in motor activity. The ischemia-induced alterations observed in the open-field test were fully reversed, and those observed in the rotarod test were partially reversed, by physical exercise. Pain sensitivity was similar among all groups. Levels of reactive oxygen species and lipoperoxidation increased after ischemia; physical exercise decreased reactive oxygen species levels. None of the treatments altered the levels of antioxidant markers. In summary, ischemia-reperfusion resulted in motor impairment and altered striatal oxidative balance in this animal model, but those changes were moderated by physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Sosa
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - H L Schimidt
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neuromecânica Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - C Altermann
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - A S Vieira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - F W S Cibin
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - F P Carpes
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neuromecânica Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - P B Mello-Carpes
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
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Plant-derived flavanol (-)epicatechin mitigates anxiety in association with elevated hippocampal monoamine and BDNF levels, but does not influence pattern separation in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e493. [PMID: 25562843 PMCID: PMC4312829 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavanols found in natural products such as cocoa and green tea elicit structural and biochemical changes in the hippocampus, a brain area important for mood and cognition. Here, we evaluated the outcome of daily consumption of the flavanol (-)epicatechin (4 mg per day in water) by adult male C57BL/6 mice on measures of anxiety in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF). Furthermore, pattern separation, the ability to distinguish between closely spaced identical stimuli, considered to be mediated by the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), was tested using the touchscreen. To investigate mechanisms through which (-)epicatechin may exert its effects, mice were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (50 mg kg(-1)) to evaluate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In addition, monoaminergic and neurotrophin signaling pathway proteins were measured in tissue derived from subject cortices and hippocampi. Flavanol consumption reduced anxiety in the OF and EPM. Elevated hippocampal and cortical tyrosine hydroxylase, downregulated cortical monoamine oxidase-A levels, as well as increased hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF support the flavanol's anxiolytic effects. In addition, elevated pAkt in hippocampus and cortex was observed. (-)Epicatechin ingestion did not facilitate touchscreen performance or DG neurogenesis, suggesting a non-neurogenic mechanism. The concurrent modulation of complementary neurotrophic and monoaminergic signaling pathways may contribute to beneficial mood-modulating effects of this flavanol.
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