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Curtin D, Taylor EM, Bellgrove MA, Chong TTJ, Coxon JP. Dopamine D2 Receptor Modulates Exercise Related Effect on Cortical Excitation/Inhibition and Motor Skill Acquisition. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2028232024. [PMID: 38553046 PMCID: PMC11079968 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2028-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise is known to benefit motor skill learning in health and neurological disease. Evidence from brain stimulation, genotyping, and Parkinson's disease studies converge to suggest that the dopamine D2 receptor, and shifts in the cortical excitation and inhibition (E:I) balance, are prime candidates for the drivers of exercise-enhanced motor learning. However, causal evidence using experimental pharmacological challenge is lacking. We hypothesized that the modulatory effect of the dopamine D2 receptor on exercise-induced changes in the E:I balance would determine the magnitude of motor skill acquisition. To test this, we measured exercise-induced changes in excitation and inhibition using paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 22 healthy female and male humans, and then had participants learn a novel motor skill-the sequential visual isometric pinch task (SVIPT). We examined the effect of D2 receptor blockade (800 mg sulpiride) on these measures within a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. Our key result was that motor skill acquisition was driven by an interaction between the D2 receptor and E:I balance. Specifically, poorer skill learning was related to an attenuated shift in the E:I balance in the sulpiride condition, whereas this interaction was not evident in placebo. Our results demonstrate that exercise-primed motor skill acquisition is causally influenced by D2 receptor activity on motor cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Curtin
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Eleanor M Taylor
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mark A Bellgrove
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Trevor T-J Chong
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - James P Coxon
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Dopamine-related polymorphisms and Affective Working Memory in aging. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 191:107623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Role of Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met Polymorphism on Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Swallowing. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030488. [PMID: 35330487 PMCID: PMC8949172 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the latest post-stroke dysphagia treatment modalities, and the effect of tDCS is known to be affected by various factors including genetic polymorphisms. However, the role of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphisms on tDCS in swallowing is unclear. In this prospective pilot study, we aim to explore the effect of tDCS on the swallowing cortex and subsequent swallowing motor function according to COMT polymorphism. Twenty-four healthy participants received either anodal tDCS or sham mode tDCS on the mylohyoid motor cortex at random order, after inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for preconditioning. The primary outcome was the changes of mylohyoid-motor-evoked potentials (MH-MEP) amplitude in each COMT polymorphism group, from the post-inhibitory rTMS baseline state to immediate, 30, and 60 min after tDCS. The secondary outcomes were the changes in swallowing function. The results showed that COMT Val/Val polymorphism showed improvement across time in the MH-MEP amplitudes and triggering time of swallowing after tDCS, whereas COMT Met carrier group did not show significant changes of MH-MEP or swallowing function across time. This therapeutic response variability of tDCS in the mylohyoid motor system according to COMT polymorphism support the importance of genetic analysis in individualized dysphagia treatment.
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Sprague BN, Rosso AL, Zhu X, Bohnen NI, Rosano C. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism predicts rapid gait speed changes in healthy older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:3194-3202. [PMID: 34231207 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Adapting one's gait speed to external circumstances is critical for safe ambulation. Dopamine (DA), critical for adapting to increased task demands, predicts usual gait speed and may exert a greater role in complex tasks like rapid gait speed. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that a genotypic proxy indicator of greater prefrontal DA signaling would predict significantly faster rapid gait. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study over 8 years. SETTING Community-dwelling adults with no baseline mobility disability. PARTICIPANTS N = 2353 participants from the Health ABC Study. MEASUREMENTS Repeated measures of walking speed (meters/sec) were obtained in response to: "walk as fast as possible… (rapid gait) or "walk at your usual pace (usual gait)." Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) val158met polymorphism indicated DA signaling (val/val = higher metabolism, lower DA signaling; met/met = lower metabolism, higher DA signaling). RESULTS Participants declined in rapid gait from 1.55 (SD = 0.33) to 1.35 m/s (SD = 0.34). Across the full follow-up period, the met/met genotype was associated with significantly greater rapid gait slowing. In mixed effect models, between-group differences were independent of covariates, and remained similar after adjustment for sensorimotor function, cognition, depressive symptoms, and energy. Follow-up analyses indicated the met/met genotype had a significantly faster rapid gait speed compared to the val/val genotype for the first 3 years (p < 0.01) but not years 4-8 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Greater prefrontal DA measured with COMT polymorphism may facilitate short-term adaptation to rapid walking demands that are lost over time. Studies should examine whether these effects are long-term and the underlying mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N Sprague
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicolaas I Bohnen
- Department of Radiology and Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Ann Arbor VAMC, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Immink MA, Cross ZR, Chatburn A, Baumeister J, Schlesewsky M, Bornkessel-Schlesewsky I. Resting-state aperiodic neural dynamics predict individual differences in visuomotor performance and learning. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 78:102829. [PMID: 34139391 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An emerging body of work has demonstrated that resting-state non-oscillatory, or aperiodic, 1/f neural activity is a functional and behaviorally relevant marker of cognitive function capacity. In the motor domain, previous work has only applied 1/f analyses to investigations of motor coordination and performance measures. The value of aperiodic resting-state neural dynamics as a marker of individual visuomotor performance capacity remains unknown. Accordingly, the aim of this work was to investigate if individual 1/f intercept and slope parameters of aperiodic resting-state neural activity predict reaction time and perceptual sensitivity in an immersive virtual reality marksmanship task. The marksmanship task required speeded selection of target stimuli and avoidance of selecting non-target stimuli. Motor and perceptual demands were incrementally increased across task blocks and participants performed the task across three training sessions spanning one week. When motor demands were high, steeper individual 1/f slope predicted shorter reaction time. This relationship did not change with practice. Increased 1/f intercept and a steeper 1/f slope were associated with higher perceptual sensitivity, measured as d'. However, this association was only observed under the highest levels of perceptual demand and only in the initial exposure to these conditions. Individuals with a lower 1/f intercept and a shallower 1/f slope demonstrated the greatest gains in perceptual sensitivity from task practice. These findings demonstrate that individual differences in motor and perceptual performance can be accounted for with resting-state aperiodic neural dynamics. The 1/f aperiodic parameters are most informative in predicting visuomotor performance under complex and demanding task conditions. In addition to predicting capacity for high visuomotor performance with a novel task, 1/f aperiodic parameters might also be useful in predicting which individuals might derive the most improvements from practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten A Immink
- Sport, Health, Activity, Performance and Exercise (SHAPE) Research Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Research Hub, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Zachariah R Cross
- Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Research Hub, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alex Chatburn
- Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Research Hub, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - James Baumeister
- Australian Research Centre for Interactive and Virtual Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthias Schlesewsky
- Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Research Hub, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Laing PAF, Harrison BJ. Safety learning and the Pavlovian conditioned inhibition of fear in humans: Current state and future directions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:659-674. [PMID: 34023357 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Safety learning occurs when an otherwise neutral stimulus comes to signal the absence of threat, allowing organisms to use safety information to inhibit fear and anxiety in nonthreatening environments. Although it continues to emerge as a topic of relevance in biological and clinical psychology, safety learning remains inconsistently defined and under-researched. Here, we analyse the Pavlovian conditioned inhibition paradigm and its application to the study of safety learning in humans. We discuss existing studies; address outstanding theoretical considerations; and identify prospects for its further application. Though Pavlovian conditioned inhibition presents a theoretically sound model of safety learning, it has been investigated infrequently, with decade-long interims between some studies, and notable methodological variability. Consequently, we argue that the full potential of conditioned inhibition as a model for human safety learning remains untapped, and propose that it could be revisited as a framework for addressing timely questions in the behavioural and clinical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A F Laing
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Ben J Harrison
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Wu X, Xu FL, Xia X, Wang BJ, Yao J. MicroRNA-15a, microRNA-15b and microRNA-16 inhibit the human dopamine D1 receptor expression in four cell lines by targeting 3'UTR -12 bp to + 154 bp. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:276-287. [PMID: 31858826 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1703729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background: The abnormal expression Dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) gives rise to the dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmitter and may be associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the DRD1 expression by binding 3'UTR and be involved in the post-transcriptional regulation.Methods: We first constructed the pmirGLO-recombined vectors of series of DRD1 gene 3'UTR-truncated fragments and performed the luciferase receptor assay to screen the underlying 3'UTR sequence targeted by miRNAs. Then, we predicted the potential miRNAs binding the target sequence and confirmed their effects using luciferase receptor assay after transfection of the miRNA mimics/inhibitors. We also examined the effects of the miRNA on the endogenous DRD1 expression.Results: We found that the DRD1 3'UTR ranging from -12 to +1135 bp was essential for the post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs. The deletion of -12 to +154 bp fragment significantly increased the luciferase expression but not the mRNA expression. The miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b and miRNA 16 affected DRD1 expression in HEK293, U87, SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cell lines.Conclusion: The miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b and miRNA-16 inhibit the human dopamine D1 receptor expression by targeting 3'UTR -12 to +154 bp.HighlightsDRD1 3'UTR ranging from -12 to +1135 bp was essential for the post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs.The deletion of -12 to +154 bp fragment significantly increased the luciferase expression but not the mRNA expression.The miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b and miRNA 16 affected DRD1 expression in different cell lines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Ling Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xi Xia
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Jie Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Weinberger AB, Gallagher NM, Warren ZJ, English GA, Moghaddam FM, Green AE. Implicit pattern learning predicts individual differences in belief in God in the United States and Afghanistan. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4503. [PMID: 32908145 PMCID: PMC7481241 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most humans believe in a god, but many do not. Differences in belief have profound societal impacts. Anthropological accounts implicate bottom-up perceptual processes in shaping religious belief, suggesting that individual differences in these processes may help explain variation in belief. Here, in findings replicated across socio-religiously disparate samples studied in the U.S. and Afghanistan, implicit learning of patterns/order within visuospatial sequences (IL-pat) in a strongly bottom-up paradigm predict 1) stronger belief in an intervening/ordering god, and 2) increased strength-of-belief from childhood to adulthood, controlling for explicit learning and parental belief. Consistent with research implicating IL-pat as a basis of intuition, and intuition as a basis of belief, mediation models support a hypothesized effect pathway whereby IL-pat leads to intuitions of order which, in turn, lead to belief in ordering gods. The universality and variability of human IL-pat may thus contribute to the global presence and variability of religious belief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Weinberger
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Natalie M Gallagher
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Zachary J Warren
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- The Asia Foundation, 1779 Massachusetts Ave NW #815, Washington, DC, 20036, USA
| | - Gwendolyn A English
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | | | - Adam E Green
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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WORLEY GORDON, ERICKSON STEPHENW, GUSTAFSON KATHRYNE, NIKOLOVA YULIYAS, ASHLEY-KOCH ALLISONE, BELSKY DANIELW, GOLDSTEIN RICKIF, LEVY JOSHUAL, MCDONALD SCOTTA, PAGE GRIERP, COTTEN CMICHAEL. Genetic variation in dopamine neurotransmission and motor development of infants born extremely-low-birthweight. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 62:750-757. [PMID: 31691959 PMCID: PMC7200269 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine if genetic variation associated with decreased dopamine neurotransmission predicts a decrease in motor development in a convenience cohort study of infants born extremely-low-birthweight (ELBW). METHOD Four hundred and ninety-eight infants born ELBW had genome-wide genotyping and a neurodevelopmental evaluation at 18 to 22 months of age, corrected for preterm birth. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was created to combine into one predictor variable the hypothesized influences on motor development of alleles at seven independent single nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with relative decreases in both dopamine neurotransmission and motor learning, by summing the number of alleles present in each infant (range=0-14). The motor development outcome was the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition. The linear regression models were adjusted for seven clinical and four genetic ancestry covariates. The mean PRS of infants with cerebral palsy (CP) was compared to those without CP. RESULTS PRS was inversely related to PDI (p=0.011). Each 1-point increase in PRS resulted in an average decrease in PDI of 1.37 points. Patients with CP did not have a greater mean PRS than those without (p=0.67), both with and without adjustment for covariates. INTERPRETATION Genetic variation that favors a decrease in dopamine neurotransmission predisposes to a decrease in motor development in infants born ELBW, but not to the diagnosis of CP. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Genetic variation in dopamine neurotransmission was associated with a decrease in motor development in infants born at an extremely-low-birthweight. It does not predispose to the diagnosis of cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- GORDON WORLEY
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. U.SA
| | - STEPHEN W ERICKSON
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - KATHRYN E GUSTAFSON
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham N.C., U.S.A
| | - YULIYA S NIKOLOVA
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - ALLISON E ASHLEY-KOCH
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham N.C., U.S.A
| | - DANIEL W BELSKY
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham N.C., U.S.A
| | - RICKI F GOLDSTEIN
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kentucky Children’s Hospital, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, K.Y., U.S.A
| | - JOSHUA L LEVY
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - SCOTT A MCDONALD
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - GRIER P PAGE
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - C MICHAEL COTTEN
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham N.C., U.S.A
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Aljuhni R, Cleland BT, Roth S, Madhavan S. Genetic polymorphisms for BDNF, COMT, and APOE do not affect gait or ankle motor control in chronic stroke: A preliminary cross-sectional study. Top Stroke Rehabil 2020; 28:72-80. [PMID: 32378476 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1762060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Motor deficits after stroke are a primary cause of long-term disability. The extent of functional recovery may be influenced by genetic polymorphisms. Objectives: Determine the effect of genetic polymorphisms for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) on walking speed, walking symmetry, and ankle motor control in individuals with chronic stroke. Methods: 38 participants with chronic stroke were compared based upon genetic polymorphisms for BDNF (presence [MET group] or absence [VAL group] of a Met allele), COMT (presence [MET group] or absence [VAL group] of a Met allele), and APOE (presence [ε4+ group] of absence [ε4- group] of ε4 allele). Comfortable and maximal walking speed were measured with the 10-m walk test. Gait spatiotemporal symmetry was measured with the GAITRite electronic mat; symmetry ratios were calculated for step length, step time, swing time, and stance time. Ankle motor control was measured as the accuracy of performing an ankle tracking task. Results: No significant differences were detected (p ≥ 0.11) between the BDNF, COMT, or APOE groups for any variables. Conclusions: In these preliminary findings, genetic polymorphisms for BDNF, COMT, and APOE do not appear to affect walking speed, walking symmetry, or ankle motor performance in chronic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Aljuhni
- Brain Plasticity Lab, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brice T Cleland
- Brain Plasticity Lab, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Roth
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sangeetha Madhavan
- Brain Plasticity Lab, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, IL, USA
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Moses TE, Burmeister M, Greenwald MK. Heroin delay discounting and impulsivity: Modulation by DRD1 genetic variation. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12777. [PMID: 31192519 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine D1 receptors (encoded by DRD1) are implicated in drug addiction and high-risk behaviors. Delay discounting (DD) procedures measure decisional balance between choosing smaller/sooner rewards vs larger/later rewards. Individuals with higher DD (rapid discounting) are prone to maladaptive behaviors that provide immediate reinforcement (eg, substance use). DRD1 variants have been linked with increased DD (in healthy volunteers) and opioid abuse. This study determined whether four dopaminergic functional variants modulated heroin DD and impulsivity. METHODS Substance use, DD, and genotype data (DRD1 rs686 and rs5326, DRD3 rs6280, COMT rs4680) were obtained from 106 current heroin users. Subjects completed an array of DD choices during two imagined conditions: heroin satiation and withdrawal. Rewards were expressed as $10 heroin bag units, with maximum delayed amount of 30 bags. Delays progressively increased from 3 to 96 hours. RESULTS DRD1 rs686 (A/A, n = 25; G/A, n = 56; G/G, n = 25) was linearly related to the difference in heroin DD (area under the curve; AUC) between the heroin satiation and withdrawal conditions; specifically, G/G homozygotes had a significantly smaller (satiation minus withdrawal) AUC difference score had higher drug-use impulsivity questionnaire scores, relative to A/A homozygotes, with G/A intermediate. DRD3 and COMT variants were not associated with these DD and impulsivity outcomes. CONCLUSION DRD1 rs686 modulated the difference in heroin DD score between pharmacological states and was associated with drug-use impulsivity. These data support a role of DRD1 in opioid DD and impulsive behaviors.
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Pharmacological Mechanisms Underlying the Neuroprotective Effects of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. on Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062071. [PMID: 32197305 PMCID: PMC7139528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. (i.e., A. oxyphylla), a traditional Chinese medicine, can exert neuroprotective effects in ameliorating mild cognitive impairment and improving the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, 50 active compounds and 164 putative targets were collected and identified with 251 clinically tested AD-associated target proteins using network pharmacology approaches. Based on the Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichments, the compound-target-pathway-disease/protein-protein interaction network constructions, and the network topological analysis, we concluded that A. oxyphylla may have neuroprotective effects by regulating neurotransmitter function, as well as brain plasticity in neuronal networks. Moreover, closely-related AD proteins, including the amyloid-beta precursor protein, the estrogen receptor 1, acetylcholinesterase, and nitric oxide synthase 2, were selected as the bottleneck nodes of network for further verification by molecular docking. Our analytical results demonstrated that terpene, as the main compound of A. oxyphylla extract, exerts neuroprotective effects, providing new insights into the development of a natural therapy for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Nogueira NGDHM, Miranda DMD, Albuquerque MR, Ferreira BDP, Batista MTS, Parma JO, Apolinário-Souza T, Bicalho LEA, Ugrinowitsch H, Lage GM. Motor learning and COMT Val158met polymorphism: Analyses of oculomotor behavior and corticocortical communication. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 168:107157. [PMID: 31927084 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Differences in motor learning can be partially explained by differences in genotype. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism regulates the dopamine (DA) availability in the prefrontal cortex modulating motor learning and performance. Given the differences in tonic and phasic DA transmission, this study aimed to investigate whether the greater cognitive flexibility associated with the Val allele would favor the learning of movement parametrization, while the greater cognitive stability associated with the Met allele favors the acquisition of the movement pattern. Furthermore, we investigated if the genotypic characteristics impact visual scanning of information related to parametrization and to the movement pattern, and the level of cortical connectivity associated with motor planning and control. Performance and learning of a sequential motor task were compared among three genotypes (Val/Val, Val/Met, and Met/Met), as well as their oculomotor behavior and level of cortical coherence. The findings show that the cognitive flexibility promoted by the Val allele is associated with a better parametrization. The search for information through visual scanning was specific to each genotype. Also, a greater cortical connectivity associated with the Val allele was found. The combined study of behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular levels of analysis showed that the cognitive stability and flexibility associated with the COMT alleles, influence specific aspects of motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maicon Rodrigues Albuquerque
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Paula Ferreira
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio Silva Batista
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Otoni Parma
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tércio Apolinário-Souza
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Eduardo Antunes Bicalho
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Herbert Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Menezes Lage
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Hamidian S, Pourshahbaz A, Bozorgmehr A, Ananloo ES, Dolatshahi B, Ohadi M. How obsessive-compulsive and bipolar disorders meet each other? An integrative gene-based enrichment approach. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2020; 19:31. [PMID: 32411272 PMCID: PMC7211339 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-020-00280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel approaches to psychiatric classification assume that disorders, contrary to what was previously thought, are not completely separate phenomena. In this regard, in addition to symptom-based criteria, disturbances are also considered on the basis of lower level components. With this viewpoint, identifying common biochemical markers would be beneficial in adopting a comprehensive strategy for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. MAIN BODY One of the problematic areas in clinical settings is the coexistence of both obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and bipolar disorder (BD) that is challenging and difficult to manage. In this study, using a system biologic approach we aimed to assess the interconnectedness of OCD and BD at different levels. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) method was used to identify the shared biological network between the two disorders. The results of the analysis revealed 34 common genes between the two disorders, the most important of which were CACNA1C, GRIA1, DRD2, NOS1, SLC18A1, HTR2A and DRD1. Dopaminergic synapse and cAMP signaling pathway as the pathways, dopamine binding and dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity as the molecular functions, dendrite and axon part as the cellular component and cortex and striatum as the brain regions were the most significant commonalities. SHORT CONCLUSION The results of this study highlight the role of multiple systems, especially the dopaminergic system in linking OCD and BD. The results can be used to estimate the disease course, prognosis, and treatment choice, particularly in the cases of comorbidity. Such perspectives, going beyond symptomatic level, help to identify common endophenotypes between the disorders and provide diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on biological in addition to the symptomatic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Hamidian
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Pourshahbaz
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Bozorgmehr
- 2Iran Psychiatric Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavand Ananloo
- 3Department of Psychosomatic, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Dolatshahi
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Ohadi
- 4Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
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The Beneficial Effect of Acute Exercise on Motor Memory Consolidation is Modulated by Dopaminergic Gene Profile. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050578. [PMID: 31035583 PMCID: PMC6572639 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
When aerobic exercise is performed following skilled motor practice, it can enhance motor memory consolidation. Previous studies have suggested that dopamine may play a role in motor memory consolidation, but whether it is involved in the exercise effects on consolidation is unknown. Hence, we aimed to investigate the influence of dopaminergic pathways on the exercise-induced modulation of motor memory consolidation. We compared the effect of acute exercise on motor memory consolidation between the genotypes that are known to affect dopaminergic transmission and learning. By combining cluster analyses and fitting linear models with and without included polymorphisms, we provide preliminary evidence that exercise benefits the carriers of alleles that are associated with low synaptic dopamine content. In line with previous reports, our findings implicate dopamine as a modulator of the exercise-induced effects on motor memory consolidation, and suggest exercise as a potential clinical tool to counteract low endogenous dopamine bioavailability. Further experiments are needed to establish causal relations.
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Nogueira NGDHM, Bacelar MFB, Ferreira BDP, Parma JO, Lage GM. Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism and motor behavior in healthy adults: A study review. Brain Res Bull 2019; 144:223-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Polymorphisms that affect GABA neurotransmission predict processing of aversive prediction errors in humans. Neuroimage 2018; 176:179-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Fazio L, Pergola G, Papalino M, Di Carlo P, Monda A, Gelao B, Amoroso N, Tangaro S, Rampino A, Popolizio T, Bertolino A, Blasi G. Transcriptomic context of DRD1 is associated with prefrontal activity and behavior during working memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:5582-5587. [PMID: 29735686 PMCID: PMC6003490 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717135115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) signaling shapes prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during working memory (WM). Previous reports found higher WM performance associated with alleles linked to greater expression of the gene coding for D1Rs (DRD1). However, there is no evidence on the relationship between genetic modulation of DRD1 expression in PFC and patterns of prefrontal activity during WM. Furthermore, previous studies have not considered that D1Rs are part of a coregulated molecular environment, which may contribute to D1R-related prefrontal WM processing. Thus, we hypothesized a reciprocal link between a coregulated (i.e., coexpressed) molecular network including DRD1 and PFC activity. To explore this relationship, we used three independent postmortem prefrontal mRNA datasets (total n = 404) to characterize a coexpression network including DRD1 Then, we indexed network coexpression using a measure (polygenic coexpression index-DRD1-PCI) combining the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on coexpression. Finally, we associated the DRD1-PCI with WM performance and related brain activity in independent samples of healthy participants (total n = 371). We identified and replicated a coexpression network including DRD1, whose coexpression was correlated with DRD1-PCI. We also found that DRD1-PCI was associated with lower PFC activity and higher WM performance. Behavioral and imaging results were replicated in independent samples. These findings suggest that genetically predicted expression of DRD1 and of its coexpression partners stratifies healthy individuals in terms of WM performance and related prefrontal activity. They also highlight genes and SNPs potentially relevant to pharmacological trials aimed to test cognitive enhancers modulating DRD1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Sezione di Neuroradiologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza," 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Contributed Equally
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Contributed Equally
| | - Marco Papalino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Di Carlo
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Monda
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Gelao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Amoroso
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica "M. Merlin," Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Sezione di Bari, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabina Tangaro
- Sezione di Bari, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Bari University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Popolizio
- Sezione di Neuroradiologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza," 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Bari University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Bari University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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Hirjak D, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Kubera KM, Thomann PA, Wolf RC. Motor dysfunction as research domain in the period preceding manifest schizophrenia: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 87:87-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Urry K, Burns NR, Baetu I. Age-related differences in sequence learning: Findings from two visuo-motor sequence learning tasks. Br J Psychol 2018; 109:830-849. [PMID: 29573264 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) is thought to assess implicit learning, which seems to be preserved with age. However, the reaction time (RT) measures employed on implicit-like tasks might be too unreliable to detect individual differences. We investigated whether RT-based measures mask age effects by comparing the performance of 43 younger and 35 older adults on SRTT and an explicit-like Predictive Sequence Learning Task (PSLT). RT-based measures (difference scores and a ratio) were collected for both tasks, and accuracy was additionally measured for PSLT. We also measured fluid abilities. The RT-difference scores indicated preserved SRTT and PSLT performance with age and did not correlate with fluid abilities, while ratio RT and the accuracy-based measures indicated age-related decline and correlated with fluid abilities. Therefore, RT-difference scores might mask individual differences, which compromises the interpretation of previous studies using SRTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Urry
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas R Burns
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Irina Baetu
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Diaz Heijtz R, Almeida R, Eliasson AC, Forssberg H. Genetic Variation in the Dopamine System Influences Intervention Outcome in Children with Cerebral Palsy. EBioMedicine 2018; 28:162-167. [PMID: 29339100 PMCID: PMC5835543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is large variation in treatment responses in children with cerebral palsy. Experimental and clinical results suggest that dopamine neurotransmission and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling are involved in motor learning and plasticity, which are key factors in modern habilitation success. We examined whether naturally occurring variations in dopamine and BDNF genes influenced the treatment outcomes. Methods Thirty-three children (18–60 months of age) with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy were enrolled in the study. Each child had participated in a training programme consisting of active training of the involved hand for 2 h every day during a 2-month training period. The training outcome was measured using Assisting Hand Assessment before and after the training period. Saliva was collected for genotyping of COMT, DAT, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, and BDNF. Regression analyses were used to examine associations between genetic variation and training outcome. Findings There was a statistically significant association between variation in dopamine genes and treatment outcome. Children with a high polygenic dopamine gene score including polymorphisms of five dopamine genes (COMT, DAT, DRD1, DRD2, and DRD3), and reflecting higher endogenous dopaminergic neurotransmission, had the greatest functional outcome gains after intervention. Interpretation Naturally occurring genetic variation in the dopamine system can influence treatment outcomes in children with cerebral palsy. A polygenic dopamine score might be valid for treatment outcome prediction and for designing individually tailored interventions for children with cerebral palsy. Naturally occurring variation of dopamine genes is associated with treatment outcomes in children with cerebral palsy. Children with polymorphisms reflecting higher endogenous dopaminergic neurotransmission had the greatest functional gains. A polygenic dopamine score might be valid to predict treatment outcome.
New evidence-based therapies including active motor learning and training for children with cerebral palsy improve motor function at a group level, but there are also large inter-individual variations. Naturally occurring variations in dopamine and BDNF genes affect motor learning and cortical plasticity. This study showed that naturally occurring genetic variation of five dopamine genes was associated with the outcome of a 2-month long active upper limb motor training intervention in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. The results suggest that a polygenic dopamine gene score can be used to predict the outcome of motor training programmes for children with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Almeida
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Christin Eliasson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Forssberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Geller S, Wilhelm O, Wacker J, Hamm A, Hildebrandt A. Associations of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism with working memory and intelligence – A review and meta-analysis. INTELLIGENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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