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Li Y, Qi R, Yang H, Zhang XL, Wu Y, Huang BH, Zhao Q, Gu YF. Analysis of clinical characteristics of infections caused by Shewanella species. Indian J Med Microbiol 2024; 49:100574. [PMID: 38561026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Shewanella genus is a rare pathogen of marine origin. In recent years, there has been a continuous increase in infection cases caused by this bacterium, and we have observed the uniqueness of infections caused by this microorganism. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study conducted a retrospective analysis of the medical history and laboratory examination data of patients infected with the Shewanella genus over the past decade. Additionally, it employed bioinformatics methods to analyze the relevant virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes associated with the Shewanella genus. RESULTS Over the past 10 years, we have isolated 51 cases of Shewanella, with 68.82% being Shewanella putrefaciens (35/51 cases) and 31.37% being Shewanella algae (16/51 cases). Infected individuals often had underlying diseases, with 39.22% (20/51) having malignant tumors and 25.49% (13/51) having liver and biliary system diseases primarily characterized by stones. The majority of patients, 62.74% (32/51), exhibited mixed infections, including one case with a combination of infections from three other types of bacteria and five cases with a combination of infections from two other types of bacteria. The identified microorganisms were commonly resistant to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid (23.5%), followed by cefoperazone-sulbactam (19.6%), ciprofloxacin (17.6%), and cefotaxime (17.6%). Bioinformatics analysis indicates that Shewanella can express bile hydrolysis regulators and fatty acid metabolism regulators that aid in adapting to the unique environment of the biliary tract. Additionally, it expresses abundant catalase, superoxide dismutase, and two-component signal transduction system proteins, which may be related to environmental adaptation. Shewanella also expresses various antibiotic resistance genes, including beta-lactamases and aminoglycoside modification enzymes. Iron carriers may be one of its important virulence factors. CONCLUSIONS We speculate that the Shewanella genus may exist as a specific colonizer in the human body, and under certain conditions, it may act as a pathogen, leading to biliary infections in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Rong Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Bao-Hua Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
| | - Yu-Feng Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China.
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Li Y, Ye T, Zhang XL, Yang H, Wu Y, Huang BH, Zhao Q, Gu YF. Genus Shewanella: A Potential Intestinal Colonizer Associated With Post-Operative Surgical Site Infections in Coastal Regions. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2024. [PMID: 38683555 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2023.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aims to elucidate the clinical characteristics of Shewanella-related surgical site infections (SSIs) and assess the risk of mortality in patients by establishing a predictive model. Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical history and laboratory data of Shewanella-related SSI patients over the past decade was conducted via the electronic medical record (EMR) system. A predictive model for mortality risk in Shewanella-related SSI patients was established using plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels combined with the Howell-PIRO scoring system. Results: Over the past 10 years, 45 strains of Shewanella were isolated from specimens such as bile, drainage fluid, and whole blood in patients with digestive tract SSIs. Among them, 21 of 45 (46.67%) patients underwent malignant tumor resection of the digestive system, 14 of 45 (31.11%) underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) common bile duct exploration or the stone removal, and seven of 45 (15.56%) were trauma repair patients with fractures and abdominal injuries. Among the 45 Shewanella-related SSI patients, 10 died within 30 days of infection, six cases involved infections with more than two other types of bacteria. The combined use of IL-6 and Howell-PIRO scores for mortality risk assessment yielded an receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9350, a positive predictive value of 92.71%, a negative predictive value of 94.58%, a diagnostic sensitivity of 95.35%, and a diagnostic specificity of 92.14%-all higher than the model using IL-6 or Howell-PIRO scores alone. Conclusions: We found that residents in coastal areas faced an increased risk of Shewanella-related SSI. Moreover, the higher the number of concurrent microbial infections occurring alongside Shewanella-related SSI, the greater the mortality rate among patients. The combined application of plasma IL-6 levels and the Howell-PIRO scoring system is beneficial for assessing patient mortality risk and guiding timely and proactive clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Bao-Hua Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
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Serrano-Coll H, Arrieta A, Miranda J, López A, Mattar AS, Arrieta G, Mattar S. Case Report: A Case of Sepsis due to Shewanella algae Infection in the Colombian Caribbean. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:35-37. [PMID: 37160277 PMCID: PMC10323999 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Shewanella algae is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacillus that inhabits marine ecosystems and can cause sepsis in humans. This case report describes an 80-year-old obese woman with liver cirrhosis who presented with neurological and respiratory impairment. Shewanella algae were isolated in the blood cultures. Due to age and comorbidities, sepsis could be the cause of the patient's fatal outcome. Shewanella algae infection is a risk for immunocompromised people in the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Serrano-Coll
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andres Arrieta
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Jorge Miranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas del Trópico, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
| | | | | | - Germán Arrieta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas del Trópico, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
- Clínica Salud Social, Sincelejo, Colombia
| | - Salim Mattar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas del Trópico, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
- Clínica Salud Social, Sincelejo, Colombia
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Martins Sousa M, von Hafe M, Reis-Melo A, Silveira H, Coutinho G, Moura CP. Actinomyces and Shewanella algae complicated paediatric mastoiditis: a case report of a multidisciplinary approach. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:acmi000436. [PMID: 36644735 PMCID: PMC9836059 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in children is a rare complication of acute mastoiditis that can potentially be fatal. Clinical expertise is essential for early diagnosis and management due to its subtle course. We present the first known case of paediatric acute mastoiditis with venous sinus thrombosis caused by Shewanella algae and Actinomyces europaeus . A 17-year-old male presented clinical signs of right acute otitis media and mastoiditis. Brain computed tomography showed mastoid opacification, cerebral sinus thrombosis and an extradural collection. Microbiology revealed the presence of S. algae and A. europaeus . A multidisciplinary approach combining medical and surgical treatment allowed the patient to make a full recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Martins Sousa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Departament of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Mafalda Martins Sousa,
| | - Madalena von Hafe
- Department of Pediatrics, Centro Hospitalar São João EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Reis-Melo
- Department of Pediatrics, Centro Hospitalar São João EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Silveira
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Departament of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gil Coutinho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Departament of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto Moura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Genetics Department, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health/Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde i3S, Portugal, Porto University, Porto
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Symanzik C, Esser J, Pfennigwerth N, Reuter C, Bronnert J, Grade M. Shewanella algae bacteraemia in a patient with a chronic ulcer after contact with seawater on vacation in Turkey: a case report from a German maximum-care hospital. New Microbes New Infect 2022; 48:101016. [PMID: 36158312 PMCID: PMC9490168 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Ainoda Y, Tanaka E, Wajima T, Nakaminami H, Hirota Y, Matsushita T, Hirai Y. A case of Shewanella algae-induced bacteremia in Japan: Case report and literature review. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1430-1432. [PMID: 35777628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Shewanella algae (S. algae) is a rare bacterium that causes infectious diseases in humans. Herein, we present a case of an 84-year-old man with S. algae-induced bacteremia and performed a review of 12 cases identified via a literature search and this case. Literature review of previous reports in Japan have revealed that 69.2% of patients with S. algae-induced bacteremia had a history of contact with fresh fish. Appropriate interviews of patients, especially in the hot season, and the accurate identification of the causative bacterium, by using techniques such as MALDI-TOF-MS and genetic testing, are necessary if S. algae or other bacteria from the genus Shewanella are detected in blood-culture tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ainoda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Emi Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeaki Wajima
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Nakaminami
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hirota
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaya Matsushita
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Yan Y, Chai X, Chen Y, Zhang X. The Fulminating Course of Infection Caused by Shewanella algae: A Case Report. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:1645-1650. [PMID: 35422640 PMCID: PMC9005229 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s357181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella algae, a Gram-negative bacillus found in warm saltwater environments, has been increasingly recognized as a human pathogen that can cause infection of the skin and soft tissue, ear, blood, and intra-abdominal. In this case, we report a Shewanella algae infection that caused sepsis, renal insufficiency, cardiac dysfunction, fistula and massive pleural effusion after surgery in a 73-year-old man with cancer of the esophagus and cardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Chai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yu Chen; Xijing Zhang, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China, Tel +862984775344, Fax +862983244986, Email ;
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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Surgical Site Infection by Shewanella algae After Major Surgery in a Patient With Colorectal Cancer: Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e23158. [PMID: 35444888 PMCID: PMC9009991 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical site infections are a common complication in the management of patients with solid cancer tumors in cytotoxic chemotherapy. The antibiotic combination chosen depends on the neoadjuvant therapy used and the anatomical site and extent of the surgery. In this brief report, we describe a surgical site infection caused by an unusual microorganism and a succinct review of the pathogen's behavior.
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Qasim MS, Lampi M, Heinonen MMK, Garrido-Zabala B, Bamford DH, Käkelä R, Roine E, Sarin LP. Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4 T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:737641. [PMID: 34659168 PMCID: PMC8519357 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Species of genus Shewanella are among the most frequently identified psychrotrophic bacteria. Here, we have studied the cellular properties, growth dynamics, and stress conditions of cold-active Shewanella strain #4, which was previously isolated from Baltic Sea ice. The cells are rod-shaped of ~2μm in length and 0.5μm in diameter, and they grow between 0 and 25°C, with an optimum at 15°C. The bacterium grows at a wide range of conditions, including 0.5–5.5% w/v NaCl (optimum 0.5–2% w/v NaCl), pH 5.5–10 (optimum pH 7.0), and up to 1mM hydrogen peroxide. In keeping with its adaptation to cold habitats, some polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as stearidonic acid (18:4n-3), eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-3), and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), are produced at a higher level at low temperature. The genome is 4,456kb in size and has a GC content of 41.12%. Uniquely, strain #4 possesses genes for sialic acid metabolism and utilizes N-acetyl neuraminic acid as a carbon source. Interestingly, it also encodes for cytochrome c3 genes, which are known to facilitate environmental adaptation, including elevated temperatures and exposure to UV radiation. Phylogenetic analysis based on a consensus sequence of the seven 16S rRNA genes indicated that strain #4 belongs to genus Shewanella, closely associated with Shewanella aestuarii with a ~97% similarity, but with a low DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) level of ~21%. However, average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis defines strain #4 as a separate Shewanella species (ANI score=76). Further phylogenetic analysis based on the 92 most conserved genes places Shewanella strain #4 into a distinct phylogenetic clade with other cold-active marine Shewanella species. Considering the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and molecular characterization, we conclude that Shewanella strain #4 is a novel species and name it Shewanella glacialimarina sp. nov. TZS-4T, where glacialimarina means sea ice. Consequently, S. glacialimarina TZS-4T constitutes a promising model for studying transcriptional and translational regulation of cold-active metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Suleman Qasim
- RNAcious Laboratory, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Doctoral Programme in Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirka Lampi
- RNAcious Laboratory, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna-Maria K Heinonen
- RNAcious Laboratory, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Berta Garrido-Zabala
- RNAcious Laboratory, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dennis H Bamford
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit HiLIPID, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE and Biocenter Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Roine
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,The Laboratory of Structural Biology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Peter Sarin
- RNAcious Laboratory, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Tiburcio SRG, Macrae A, Peixoto RS, da Costa Rachid CTC, Mansoldo FRP, Alviano DS, Alviano CS, Ferreira DF, de Queiroz Venâncio F, Ferreira DF, Vermelho AB. Sulphate-reducing bacterial community structure from produced water of the Periquito and Galo de Campina onshore oilfields in Brazil. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20311. [PMID: 34645885 PMCID: PMC8514479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) cause fouling, souring, corrosion and produce H2S during oil and gas production. Produced water obtained from Periquito (PQO) and Galo de Campina (GC) onshore oilfields in Brazil was investigated for SRB. Produced water with Postgate B, Postgate C and Baars media was incubated anaerobically for 20 days. DNA was extracted, 16S rDNA PCR amplified and fragments were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq. 4.2 million sequence reads were analysed and deposited at NCBI SAR accession number SRP149784. No significant differences in microbial community composition could be attributed to the different media but significant differences in the SRB were observed between the two oil fields. The dominant bacterial orders detected from both oilfields were Desulfovibrionales, Pseudomonadales and Enterobacteriales. The genus Pseudomonas was found predominantly in the GC oilfield and Pleomorphominas and Shewanella were features of the PQO oilfield. 11% and 7.6% of the sequences at GC and PQO were not classified at the genus level but could be partially identified at the order level. Relative abundances changed for Desulfovibrio from 29.8% at PQO to 16.1% at GC. Clostridium varied from 2.8% at PQO and 2.4% at GC. These data provide the first description of SRB from onshore produced water in Brazil and reinforce the importance of Desulfovibrionales, Pseudomonadales, and Enterobacteriales in produced water globally. Identifying potentially harmful microbes is an important first step in developing microbial solutions that prevent their proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyra Raquel Gonçalves Tiburcio
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrew Macrae
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Silva Peixoto
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Felipe Raposo Passos Mansoldo
- Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- BIOINOVAR - Biocatalysis, Bioproducts and Bioenergy Lab, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sales Alviano
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celuta Sales Alviano
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Davis Fernandes Ferreira
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Alane Beatriz Vermelho
- Post Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Decania, Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- BIOINOVAR - Biocatalysis, Bioproducts and Bioenergy Lab, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Ibrahim NNN, Nasir NM, Sahrani FK, Ahmad A, Sairi F. Characterization of putative pathogenic Shewanella algae isolated from ballast water. Vet World 2021; 14:678-688. [PMID: 33935414 PMCID: PMC8076470 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.678-688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Shewanella algae is ubiquitous in marine-associated environments and has been increasingly recognized as a significant human pathogen that can cause serious infections mainly associated with exposure to seawater and ingestion of raw seafood. This study aimed to isolate and characterize S. algae from ballast water of ships berthed at Port Klang, Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ballast water was sampled from nine ships docked at Port Klang, Malaysia. The isolates were identified and characterized based on biochemical and enzymatic properties, 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, biofilm formation capability, and antibiotic susceptibility. RESULTS A total of four S. algae isolates were isolated from four ballast water samples tentatively name Sa-BW1, Sa-BW2, Sa-BW7, and Sa-BW8. All isolates showed positive reaction for cytochrome oxidase, catalase, high tolerance to NaCl (6% and 8%), ability to grow at 42°C, and on Salmonella-Shigella agar. The strains also exhibited b-hemolytic activity on sheep blood and human blood agar, positive reaction for lipase, protease, DNase and gelatinase, strong biofilm adherence capabilities and multiple antibiotic resistances against ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, colistin, novobiocin, oxacillin, penicillin, rifampicin, and tobramycin which suggested their potential pathogenicity. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the occurrence of putative pathogen S. algae in ballast water of ships docked at Malaysian port.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Nuraznida Nik Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurathirah Mat Nasir
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fathul Karim Sahrani
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asmat Ahmad
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fareed Sairi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bernshteyn M, Ashok Kumar P, Joshi S. Shewanella algae - A Novel Organism Causing Bacteremia: A Rare Case and Literature Review. Cureus 2020; 12:e10676. [PMID: 33133842 PMCID: PMC7592632 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella species are distributed ubiquitously in the soil and water, being common in the marine habitat. Although these bacilli were thought to be rarely pathogenic, there has been an increasing number of reports of them being implicated in a wide variety of clinically significant infections. Three distinct species were initially recognized by MacDonell and Colwell. They were Shewanella putrefaciens, hanedai and benthica. Shewanella algae, which is the most common human clinical isolate, was believed to be a strain of Shewanella putrefaciens by some authors, and was later grouped as a separate and distinct entity. With multi-drug resistance on the rise and the lack of large-scale systemic studies, we describe a case of bacteremia caused by this rare organism. We hope to increase the awareness among care providers on the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Bernshteyn
- Internal Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Prashanth Ashok Kumar
- Internal Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Sumendra Joshi
- Pulmonology and Critical Care, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University Hospital, Syracuse, USA
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Zago V, Veschetti L, Patuzzo C, Malerba G, Lleo MM. Shewanella algae and Vibrio spp. strains isolated in Italian aquaculture farms are reservoirs of antibiotic resistant genes that might constitute a risk for human health. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111057. [PMID: 32174504 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic environment can represent a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes. In the present study, phenotypical, biochemical and molecular techniques were used to screen a collection of marine strains isolated in Italian aquaculture farms to investigate their beta-lactam resistance profiles. The genome of 12 carbapenemase and/or beta-lactamase producing strains was sequenced and a phylogenetic analysis of the beta-lactamases found in their chromosomes was performed. Gene annotation and prediction revealed the presence of blaAmpC and blaOXA-55-like in all the Shewanella algae isolates whereas in Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, blaAmpC and blaCARB-19 were found, respectively. Multiple alignments of OXA-55-like and AmpC protein sequences showed different point mutations. Finally, comparisons between enzyme phylogeny and strain clusterization based on sampling sites and dates indicate the diffusion of specific Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Shewanella algae clones along the Italian Adriatic coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zago
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Veschetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Patuzzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Maria M Lleo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy.
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14
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Zago V, Veschetti L, Patuzzo C, Malerba G, Lleo MM. Resistome, Mobilome and Virulome Analysis of Shewanella algae and Vibrio spp. Strains Isolated in Italian Aquaculture Centers. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040572. [PMID: 32326629 PMCID: PMC7232470 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health concern restricted not only to healthcare settings but also to veterinary and environmental ones. In this study, we analyzed, by whole genome sequencing (WGS) the resistome, mobilome and virulome of 12 multidrug-resistant (MDR) marine strains belonging to Shewanellaceae and Vibrionaceae families collected at aquaculture centers in Italy. The results evidenced the presence of several resistance mechanisms including enzyme and efflux pump systems conferring resistance to beta-lactams, quinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides, polymyxins, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, erythromycin, detergents and heavy metals. Mobilome analysis did not find circular elements but class I integrons, integrative and conjugative element (ICE) associated modules, prophages and different insertion sequence (IS) family transposases. These mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are usually present in other aquatic bacteria but also in Enterobacteriaceae suggesting their transferability among autochthonous and allochthonous bacteria of the resilient microbiota. Regarding the presence of virulence factors, hemolytic activity was detected both in the Shewanella algae and in Vibrio spp. strains. To conclude, these data indicate the role as a reservoir of resistance and virulence genes in the environment of the aquatic microbiota present in the examined Italian fish farms that potentially might be transferred to bacteria of medical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zago
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Laura Veschetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Cristina Patuzzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Maria M. Lleo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-802-7194
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Bauer MJ, Stone-Garza KK, Croom D, Andreoli C, Woodson P, Graf PCF, Maves RC. Shewanella algae Infections in United States Naval Special Warfare Trainees. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz442. [PMID: 31696143 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella infections are uncommon in immunocompetent hosts. We report 6 cases of Shewanella algae infection in young, healthy Naval Special Warfare trainees in San Diego during 2 consecutive El Niño seasons, defining a unique population at risk and adding to the epidemiologic understanding of this potentially virulent organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bauer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kristi K Stone-Garza
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Daniel Croom
- Naval Special Warfare Center, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado, California, USA
| | - Cheryl Andreoli
- Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit FIVE, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Peter Woodson
- Naval Special Warfare Center, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado, California, USA
| | - Paul C F Graf
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ryan C Maves
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA
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Talbot Z, Amble A, Delva G, Eddib A, Muddassir S. Severe Sepsis and Wet Gangrene Requiring Foot Amputation Caused by an Emerging Human Pathogen - Shewanella algae. Cureus 2019; 11:e5668. [PMID: 31720144 PMCID: PMC6823033 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A 69-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, and other comorbidities presented with recurrent syncopal episodes. Cellulitic skin changes in her right lower extremity were noted, as well as a large hemorrhagic bulla on the dorsum of her right foot. Severe sepsis was determined to be the reason for her syncopal episodes. Blood cultures and the bulla aspirate culture were positive for Shewanella algae that was pan-sensitive to antibiotics. Her clinical status was stabilized with a regimen of intravenous fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, due to the development of right foot gangrene, she underwent debridement and eventually required transmetatarsal open amputation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Talbot
- Internal Medicine, Oak Hill Hospital, Brooksville, USA
| | - Arun Amble
- Internal Medicine, Oak Hill Hospital, Brooksville, USA
| | - Guesly Delva
- Internal Medicine, Oak Hill Hospital, Brookville, USA
| | - Abdulmagid Eddib
- Internal Medicine: Critical Care, Oak Hill Hospital, Brooksville, USA
| | - Salman Muddassir
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Corporation of America West Florida GME Consortium / Oak Hill Hospital, Brooksville, USA
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Erfanmanesh A, Beikzadeh B, Aziz Mohseni F, Nikaein D, Mohajerfar T. Ulcerative dermatitis in barramundi due to coinfection with Streptococcus iniae and Shewanella algae. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2019; 134:89-97. [PMID: 31020947 DOI: 10.3354/dao03363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus iniae is a pathogenic bacterium which causes septicaemia, while Shewanella algae is an opportunistic pathogen found in marine environments. In this study, we investigated an uncommon coinfection of these 2 bacterial species which resulted in systemic disease and cutaneous ulcers in a barramundi Lates calcarifer farm in the Persian Gulf, Iran. Culture, molecular and histopathological specimens were taken from different organs. In histopathology, results indicated deep bacterial ulceration of skin and subcutaneous muscles. Haemorrhage and hyperaemia were the most common signs observed in visceral organs. In culture, Gram-positive cocci were grown from visceral organs while Gram-negative bacilli were isolated from ulcers. In molecular examination, Streptococcus iniae and Shewanella algae were identified from visceral and ulcer samples, respectively, by PCR of the 16S rRNA gene. The disk diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated bacteria, with Shewanella algae being resistant to most routinely used antibiotics. In this study, a mixed infection of 2 bacterial species was found; we conclude that systemic streptococcosis could act as a predisposing factor for Shewanella penetration into skin and subsequent ulcer formation. Coinfections are very common in mammals; however, this subject has received little attention in other species, such as fish, and particularly in aquaculture. This study highlights the potential significance of coinfections in barramundi, the effect on the severity of the disease and the potential for new opportunistic pathogens arising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Erfanmanesh
- Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran Organization, Tehran, Iran
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