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Mirzababaei M, Babaei F, Ghafghazi S, Rahimi Z, Asadi S, Dargahi L, Nassiri-Asl M, Haghnazari L. Saccharomyces Boulardii alleviates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in PTZ-kindled seizure rat model. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03361-8. [PMID: 39141021 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Previous research have reported that modulating the gut microbiome composition by fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotic administration can alleviate seizure occurrence and severity. Saccharomyces boulardii (SB) is a yeast probiotic that has demonstrated ameliorating effects on anxiety, memory and cognitive deficit, and brain amyloidogenesis. In this research, our goal was to examine the anti-seizure effects of SB on the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindled male Wistar rats. The animals were randomly categorized into four test groups. The rats were orally administered with saline (control and PTZ groups) or S. boulardii (SB + PTZ and SB groups) for 57 days. From the 29th day of the experiment, the animals received intraperitoneally saline (control and SB groups) or PTZ (PTZ and SB + PTZ groups) on alternate days for 30 days. The administration dose of SB and PTZ was 1010 CFU/ml/day and 35 mg/kg, respectively. We assessed animal seizure behavior, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus tissue. S. boulardii hindered the PTZ-induced kindling development. SB treatment elevated glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. SB also lessened the hippocampal levels of BDNF and MMP-9. Following SB supplementation, proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-6 were lowered, and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was enhanced. Overall, our data indicated, for the first time, the positive impact of SB on the PTZ-kindled seizure rat model. The anti-seizure activity of SB was mediated by modulating oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and MMP-9 and BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19839-63113, Tehran, I.R., Iran
| | - Shiva Ghafghazi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19839-63113, Tehran, I.R., Iran
| | - Zohreh Rahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soheila Asadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19839-63113, Tehran, I.R., Iran.
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Lida Haghnazari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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El-Saied MM, Afify O, Abdelraouf ER, Oraby A, Hashish AF, Zeidan HM. BDNF, proBDNF and proBDNF/BDNF ratio with electroencephalographic abnormalities in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Possible relations to cognition and severity. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024; 84:368-380. [PMID: 38712701 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with and without subclinical epileptogenic discharges (SED) have been suggested to negatively affect cognitive abilities of children with ADHD. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor proBDNF in ADHD is in need of being investigated. The aims were to evaluate the levels of serum BDNF, proBDNF and the proBDNF/BDNF ratio in addition to the potential impacts of SED on the children's cognitive abilities and the severity of ADHD. The included participants with ADHD were 30 children with normal electroencephalogram (EEG) (G1) and 30 children with SED (G2), together with 30 healthy children (G3). The cognitive abilities and severity of the disorder were evaluated. The biochemical measures were determined by ELISA. The presence of coexisting SED and nocturnal enuresis has led to a deleterious effect on cognitive processes but not on the severity. The focal epileptogenic discharge was the most common among children in G2. The levels of BDNF in Groups 1 and 2 were less than those in G3. The higher proBDNF/BDNF ratio could be related to the low BDNF levels rather than high proBDNF levels. The findings of this study highlight the importance of investigating the presence of SED and nocturnal enuresis in children with ADHD. Targeting strengthening of cognitive abilities in children with coexisting ADHD and SED is advised. The role of proBDNF in the pathophysiology of ADHD needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M El-Saied
- Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, Institute of Medical Research and Clinical Studies, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Learning Disability and Neurorehabilitation Research Field, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omneya Afify
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ehab R Abdelraouf
- Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, Institute of Medical Research and Clinical Studies, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Learning Disability and Neurorehabilitation Research Field, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza Oraby
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel F Hashish
- Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, Institute of Medical Research and Clinical Studies, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Zeidan
- Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, Institute of Medical Research and Clinical Studies, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Wang W, Gao R, Yan X, Shu W, Zhang X, Zhang W, Zhang L. Relationship between plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and neurological disorders: An investigation using Mendelian randomisation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30415. [PMID: 38707431 PMCID: PMC11068855 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Altered brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations have been detected in the central nervous system tissues and peripheral blood. These alterations are associated with a series of neurological disorders. Objective To investigate the potential causal relationships between genetically determined plasma BDNF levels and various neurological diseases using a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study. Methods We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly related to plasma BDNF levels as instrumental variables. Within the Mendelian randomisation framework, we used summary-level statistics for exposure (plasma BDNF levels) and outcomes (neurological disorders). Results We observed suggestive evidence of a relation between higher plasma BDNF levels and less risk of nontraumatic intracranial haemorrhage (nITH) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.861, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.774-0.958, P = 0.006, PFDR = 0.078), epilepsy (OR = 0.927, 95 % CI: 0.880-0.976, P = 0.004, PFDR = 0.078), focal epilepsy (OR = 0.928, 95 % CI: 0.874-0.986, P = 0.016, PFDR = 0.139), and non-lesional focal epilepsy (OR = 0.981, 95 % CI: 0.964-0.999, P = 0.041, PFDR = 0.267). Combined with the UK Biobank dataset, the association of plasma BDNF levels with nITH remained significant (OR = 0.88, 95 % CI: 0.81-0.96, P < 0.01). The combined analysis of three consortium datasets demonstrated a considerable impact of plasma BDNF on epilepsy (OR = 0.94, 95 % CI: 0.90-0.98, P < 0.01) and a suggestive impact on focal epilepsy (OR = 0.94, 95 % CI: 0.89-0.99, P = 0.02). However, there was no apparent correlation between plasma BDNF levels and other neurological disorders or related subtypes. Conclusions Our study supports a possible causal relationship between elevated plasma BDNF levels and a reduced risk of nITH, epilepsy, and focal epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Runshi Gao
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Shu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ali NH, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alnaaim SA, Hetta HF, Saad HM, Batiha GES. A Mutual Nexus Between Epilepsy and α-Synuclein: A Puzzle Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04204-6. [PMID: 38703341 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a specific neuronal protein that regulates neurotransmitter release and trafficking of synaptic vesicles. Exosome-associated α-Syn which is specific to the central nervous system (CNS) is involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Therefore, this review aimed to elucidate the possible link between α-Syn and epilepsy, and how it affects the pathophysiology of epilepsy. A neurodegenerative protein such as α-Syn is implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies revealed that upregulation of α-Syn induces progressive neuronal dysfunctions through induction of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and inhibition of autophagy in a vicious cycle with subsequent development of severe epilepsy. In addition, accumulation of α-Syn in epilepsy could be secondary to the different cellular alterations including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, reduction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and progranulin (PGN), and failure of the autophagy pathway. However, the mechanism of α-Syn-induced-epileptogenesis is not well elucidated. Therefore, α-Syn could be a secondary consequence of epilepsy. Preclinical and clinical studies are warranted to confirm this causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, M.B.Ch.B, FRCP, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Al-Ameer Qu, P.O. Box 13, Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Saud A Alnaaim
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
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Kaur A, Raji, Verma V, Goel RK. Strategic pathway analysis for dual management of epilepsy and comorbid depression: a systems biology perspective. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:36. [PMID: 38699778 PMCID: PMC11061056 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric comorbidity among patients with epilepsy (PWE), affecting more than a third of PWE. Management of depression may improve quality of life of epileptic patients. Unfortunately, available antidepressants worsen epilepsy by reducing the seizure threshold. This situation demands search of new safer target for combined directorate of epilepsy and comorbid depression. A system biology approach may be useful to find novel pathways/markers for the cure of both epilepsy and associated depression via analyzing available genomic and proteomic information. Hence, the system biology approach using curated 64 seed genes involved in temporal lobe epilepsy and mental depression was applied. The interplay of 600 potential proteins was revealed by the Disease Module Detection (DIAMOnD) Algorithm for the treatment of both epilepsy and comorbid depression using these seed genes. The gene enrichment analysis of seed and diamond genes through DAVID suggested 95 pathways. Selected pathways were refined based on their syn or anti role in epilepsy and depression. In conclusion, total 8 pathways and 27 DIAMOnD genes/proteins were finally deduced as potential new targets for modulation of selected pathways to manage epilepsy and comorbid depression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-024-00208-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab India 147002
| | - Raji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab India 147002
| | - Varinder Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab India 147002
| | - Rajesh Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab India 147002
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AlRuwaili R, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Ali NH, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Saad HM, Batiha GES. The Possible Role of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:533-547. [PMID: 38006577 PMCID: PMC10884085 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by repeated seizures. Despite of that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of epileptogenesis and epilepsy, BDNF may have a neuroprotective effect against epilepsy. Thus, the goal of the present review was to highlight the protective and detrimental roles of BDNF in epilepsy. In this review, we also try to find the relation of BDNF with other signaling pathways and cellular processes including autophagy, mTOR pathway, progranulin (PGN), and α-Synuclein (α-Syn) which negatively and positively regulate BDNF/tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling pathway. Therefore, the assessment of BDNF levels in epilepsy should be related to other neuronal signaling pathways and types of epilepsy in both preclinical and clinical studies. In conclusion, there is a strong controversy concerning the potential role of BDNF in epilepsy. Therefore, preclinical, molecular, and clinical studies are warranted in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed AlRuwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, Wien, 1030, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt.
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Abdel Mageed SS, Rashad AA, Elshaer SS, Elballal MS, Mohammed OA, Darwish SF, Salama RM, Mangoura SA, Al-Noshokaty TM, Gomaa RM, Elesawy AE, El-Demerdash AA, Zaki MB, Abulsoud AI, El-Dakroury WA, Elrebehy MA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Moustafa YM, Gedawy EM, Doghish AS. The emerging role of miRNAs in epilepsy: From molecular signatures to diagnostic potential. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155146. [PMID: 38266457 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a medical condition characterized by intermittent seizures accompanied by changes in consciousness. Epilepsy significantly impairs the daily functioning and overall well-being of affected individuals. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from various dysfunctions in brain activity. The molecular processes underlying changes in neuronal structure, impaired apoptotic responses in neurons, and disruption of regenerative pathways in glial cells in epilepsy remain unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the body's regenerative and immune responses. miRNAs have been shown to influence many pathogenic processes in epilepsy including inflammatory responses, neuronal necrosis and apoptosis, dendritic growth, synaptic remodeling, and other processes related to the development of epilepsy. Therefore, the purpose of our current analysis was to determine the role of miRNAs in the etiology and progression of epilepsy. Furthermore, they have been examined for their potential application as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Rashad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar F Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Rania M Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safwat Abdelhady Mangoura
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Rania M Gomaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, P.O. Box 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Aya A El-Demerdash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, P.O. Box 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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Perveen N, Alqahtani F, Ashraf W, Fawad Rasool M, Muhammad Muneeb Anjum S, Kaukab I, Ahmad T, Alqarni SA, Imran I. Perampanel increases seizure threshold in pentylenetetrazole-kindled mice and improves behavioral dysfunctions by modifying mRNA expression levels of BDNF/TrkB and inflammatory markers. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101930. [PMID: 38226351 PMCID: PMC10788632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Perampanel (PER), a novel 3rd-generation antiseizure drug that modulates altered post-synaptic glutamatergic storming by selectively inhibiting AMPA receptors, is recently approved to treat intractable forms of seizures. However, to date, presumably consequences of long-term PER therapy on the comorbid deleterious psychiatric disturbances and its correlation with neuroinflammatory parameters are not fully investigated in chronic models of epilepsy. Therefore, we investigated the real-time effect of PER on brain electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, behavioral alterations, redox balance, and relative mRNA expression in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced kindling. Male BALB/c mice were pretreated with PER (0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg) for 3 weeks and challenged with 11 injections of PTZ at the sub-threshold dose of 40 mg/kg every other day. vEEG from implanted cortical electrodes was monitored to elucidate seizure propagation and behavioral manifestations. Recorded EEG signals exhibited that PER 0.5 mg/kg pretreatment exceptionally impeded the onset of sharp epileptic spike-wave discharges and associated motor symptoms. Additionally, qEEG analysis showed that PER prevented alterations in absolute mean spectral power and reduced RMS amplitude of epileptogenic spikes vs PTZ control. Furthermore, our outcomes illustrated that PER dose-dependently attenuated PTZ-evoked anxiety-like behavior, memory deficits, and depressive-like behavior that was validated by a series of behavioral experiments. Moreover PER, significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, AChE, and increased levels of SOD and total thiol in the mice brain via AMPAR antagonism. Post-PTZ kindling provoked overstimulation of BDNF/TrkB signaling and increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that were reversed by PER with suppression of iNOS in brain immune cells. In conclusion, our findings highlight that PER might play an auspicious preventive role in the proepileptic transformation of brain circuits via suppression of BDNF/TrkB signaling and reduced transcriptional levels of neuroinflammatory markers leading to improvised epilepsy-induced neurobehavioral and neurochemical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Perveen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Muneeb Anjum
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore 75270, Pakistan
| | - Iram Kaukab
- District Quality Control Board, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Institut pour l’Avancée des Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Saleh A. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Alnaaim SA, Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Ali NH, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Saad HM, Batiha GE. New insights on the potential anti-epileptic effect of metformin: Mechanistic pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3953-3965. [PMID: 37737447 PMCID: PMC10747420 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures. Epilepsy is observed as a well-controlled disease by anti-epileptic agents (AEAs) in about 69%. However, 30%-40% of epileptic patients fail to respond to conventional AEAs leading to an increase in the risk of brain structural injury and mortality. Therefore, adding some FDA-approved drugs that have an anti-seizure activity to the anti-epileptic regimen is logical. The anti-diabetic agent metformin has anti-seizure activity. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of the anti-seizure activity of metformin was not entirely clarified. Henceforward, the objective of this review was to exemplify the mechanistic role of metformin in epilepsy. Metformin has anti-seizure activity by triggering adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling and inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways which are dysregulated in epilepsy. In addition, metformin improves the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which has a neuroprotective effect. Hence, metformin via induction of BDNF can reduce seizure progression and severity. Consequently, increasing neuronal progranulin by metformin may explain the anti-seizure mechanism of metformin. Also, metformin reduces α-synuclein and increases protein phosphatase 2A (PPA2) with modulation of neuroinflammation. In conclusion, metformin might be an adjuvant with AEAs in the management of refractory epilepsy. Preclinical and clinical studies are warranted in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud A. Alnaaim
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, College of MedicineKing Faisal UniversityHofufSaudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Naif H. Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical CollegeNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and EngineeringNovel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamNew South WalesAustralia
- AFNP MedWienAustria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery IIUniversity Hospital Witten‐Herdecke, University of Witten‐HerdeckeWuppertalGermany
| | - Hebatallah M. Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMatrouh UniversityMatrouhEgypt
| | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourEgypt
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10
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Shpak AA, Rider FK, Druzhkova TA, Zhanina MY, Popova SB, Guekht AB, Gulyaeva NV. Reduced Levels of Lacrimal Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in Patients with Focal Epilepsy and Focal Epilepsy with Comorbid Depression: A Biomarker Candidate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16818. [PMID: 38069144 PMCID: PMC10705972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that in patients with brain diseases, neurotrophic factors in lacrimal fluid (LF) may change more prominently than in blood serum (BS). Since glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is involved in the control of neuronal networks in an epileptic brain, we aimed to assess the GDNF levels in LF and BS as well as the BDNF and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical and inflammation indices in BS of patients with focal epilepsy (FE) and epilepsy and comorbid depression (FE + MDD) and to compare them with those of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC). GDNF levels in BS were similar in patients and HC and higher in FE taking valproates. GDNF levels in LF were significantly lower in all patient groups compared to controls, and independent of drugs used. GDNF concentrations in LF and BS positively correlated in HC, but not in patient groups. BDNF level was lower in BS of patients compared with HC and higher in FE + MDD taking valproates. A reduction in the GDNF level in LF might be an important biomarker of FE. Logistic regression models demonstrated that the probability of FE can be evaluated using GDNF in LF and BDNF in BS; that of MDD using GDNF in LF and cortisol and TNF-α in BS; and that of epilepsy with MDD using GDNF in LF and TNF-α and BDNF in BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Shpak
- The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 127486 Moscow, Russia;
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
| | - Flora K. Rider
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
| | - Tatiana A. Druzhkova
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
| | - Marina Y. Zhanina
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117465 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofya B. Popova
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
| | - Alla B. Guekht
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
| | - Natalia V. Gulyaeva
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia; (F.K.R.); (T.A.D.); (M.Y.Z.); (S.B.P.); (A.B.G.)
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117465 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Paiva Barbosa V, Bastos Silveira B, Amorim Dos Santos J, Monteiro MM, Coletta RD, De Luca Canto G, Stefani CM, Guerra ENS. Critical appraisal tools used in systematic reviews of in vitro cell culture studies: A methodological study. Res Synth Methods 2023; 14:776-793. [PMID: 37464457 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Systematic reviews (SRs) of preclinical studies are marked with poor methodological quality. In vitro studies lack assessment tools to improve the quality of preclinical research. This methodological study aimed to identify, collect, and analyze SRs based on cell culture studies to highlight the current appraisal tools utilized to support the development of a validated critical appraisal tool for cell culture in vitro research. SRs, scoping reviews, and meta-analyses that included cell culture studies and used any type of critical appraisal tool were included. Electronic search, study selection, data collection and methodological quality (MQ) assessment tool were realized. Further, statistical analyses regarding possible associations and correlations between MQ and collected data were performed. After the screening process, 82 studies remained for subsequent analysis. A total of 32 different appraisal tools were identified. Approximately 60% of studies adopted pre-structured tools not designed for cell culture studies. The most frequent instruments were SYRCLE (n = 14), OHAT (n = 9), Cochrane Collaboration's tool (n = 7), GRADE (n = 6), CONSORT (n = 5), and ToxRTool (n = 5). The studies were divided into subgroups to perform statistical analyses. A significant association (OR = 5.00, 95% CI = 1.54-16.20, p = 0.008) was found between low MQ and chronic degenerative disorders as topic of SR. Several challenges in collecting information from the included studies led to some modifications related to the previously registered protocol. These results may serve as a basis for further development of a critical appraisal tool for cell culture studies capable of capturing all the essential factors related to preclinical research, therefore enhancing the practice of evidence-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Paiva Barbosa
- University of Brasília, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bastos Silveira
- University of Brasília, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Juliana Amorim Dos Santos
- University of Brasília, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Mylene Martins Monteiro
- University of Brasília, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- University of Campinas, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Cristine Miron Stefani
- University of Brasilia, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- University of Brasília, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Zhu ZA, Li YY, Xu J, Xue H, Feng X, Zhu YC, Xiong ZQ. CDKL5 deficiency in adult glutamatergic neurons alters synaptic activity and causes spontaneous seizures via TrkB signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113202. [PMID: 37777961 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy resulting from pathological mutations in the X-linked cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) gene. Despite significant progress in understanding the neuronal function of CDKL5, the molecular mechanisms underlying CDD-associated epileptogenesis are unknown. Here, we report that acute ablation of CDKL5 from adult forebrain glutamatergic neurons leads to elevated neural network activity in the dentate gyrus and the occurrence of early-onset spontaneous seizures via tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) signaling. We observe increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and enhanced activation of its receptor TrkB in the hippocampus of Cdkl5-deficient mice prior to the onset of behavioral seizures. Moreover, reducing TrkB signaling in these mice rescues the altered synaptic activity and suppresses recurrent seizures. These results suggest that TrkB signaling mediates epileptogenesis in a mouse model of CDD and that targeting this pathway might be effective for treating epilepsy in patients affected by CDKL5 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ai Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yong-Chuan Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Xiong
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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13
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McGonigal A, Becker C, Fath J, Hammam K, Baumstarck K, Fernandes S, Giusiano B, Dufau S, Rheims S, Maillard L, Biraben A, Benoliel JJ, Bernard C, Bartolomei F. BDNF as potential biomarker of epilepsy severity and psychiatric comorbidity: pitfalls in the clinical population. Epilepsy Res 2023; 195:107200. [PMID: 37542747 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies implicate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. In particular, preclinical data suggest that lower serum BDNF is a biomarker of epilepsy severity and psychiatric comorbidities. We tested this prediction in clinical epilepsy cohorts. METHODS Patients with epilepsy were recruited from 4 epilepsy centers in France and serum BDNF was quantified. Clinical characteristics including epilepsy duration, classification, localization, etiology, seizure frequency and drug resistance were documented. Presence of individual anti-seizure medications (ASM) was noted. Screening for depression and anxiety symptoms was carried out in all patients using the NDDI-E and the GAD-7 scales. In patients with positive screening for anxiety and/or depression, detailed psychiatric testing was performed including the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), STAI-Y, Holmes Rahe Stressful Events Scale and Beck Depression Interview. Descriptive analysis was applied. Spearman's test and Pearson's co-efficient were used to assess the association between BDNF level and continuous variables. For discrete variables, comparison of means (Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney u-test) was used to compare mean BDNF serum level between groups. Multivariate analysis was performed using a regression model. RESULTS No significant correlation was found between serum BDNF level and clinical features of epilepsy or measures of depression. The main group-level finding was that presence of any ASM at was associated with increased BDNF; this effect was particularly significant for valproate and perampanel. CONCLUSION Presence of ASM affects serum BDNF levels in patients with epilepsy. Future studies exploring BDNF as a possible biomarker of epilepsy severity and/or psychiatric comorbidity must control for ASM effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen McGonigal
- Mater Hospital, Brisbane and Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia; APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France.
| | | | - Julia Fath
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U1124, Paris, France
| | - Kahina Hammam
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Baumstarck
- Aix-Marseille Univ, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France; Unité d'Aide Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Sara Fernandes
- Aix-Marseille Univ, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France; Unité d'Aide Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Giusiano
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France; Unité d'Aide Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Dufau
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, CNRS & Aix-Marseille University, France
| | - Sylvain Rheims
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Lyon's Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028 / CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France; Epilepsy Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Louis Maillard
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Nancy, Lorraine University, Nancy, France; Neurosciences of Systems and Cognition Project, BioSiS Department (Department Biologie, Signaux et Systèmes en Cancérologie et Neurosciences), Research Center for Automatic Control of Nancy (CRAN), Lorraine University, CNRS, UMR 7039, Vandoeuvre, France
| | - Arnaud Biraben
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Benoliel
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U1124, Paris, France; APHP GH Sorbonne Université, Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Biochimie Endocrinienne et Oncologie, Paris, France
| | | | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
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14
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Filimonova EA, Pashkov AA, Moysak GI, Tropynina AY, Zhanaeva SY, Shvaikovskaya AA, Akopyan AA, Danilenko KV, Aftanas LI, Tikhonova MA, Rzaev JA. Brain but not serum BDNF levels are associated with structural alterations in the hippocampal regions in patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1217702. [PMID: 37539386 PMCID: PMC10395949 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1217702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of focal epilepsy, imposing a significant burden on the health care system worldwide. Approximately one-third of patients with this disease who do not adequately respond to pharmacotherapy are considered drug-resistant subjects. Despite having some clues of how such epileptic activity and resistance to therapy emerge, coming mainly from preclinical models, we still witness a scarcity of human data. To narrow this gap, in this study, we aimed to estimate the relationship between hippocampal and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), one of the main and most widely studied neurotrophins, and hippocampal subfield volumes in patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal epilepsy undergoing neurosurgical treatment. We found that hippocampal (but not serum) BDNF levels were negatively correlated with the contralateral volumes of the CA1 and CA4 subfields, presubiculum, subiculum, dentate gyrus, and molecular layer of the hippocampus. Taken together, these findings are generally in accordance with existing data, arguing for a proepileptic nature of BDNF effects in the hippocampus and related brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Filimonova
- FSBI "Federal Center of Neurosurgery", Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anton A. Pashkov
- FSBI "Federal Center of Neurosurgery", Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biomedical School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Galina I. Moysak
- FSBI "Federal Center of Neurosurgery", Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia Y. Tropynina
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Y. Zhanaeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Anna A. Akopyan
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Lyubomir I. Aftanas
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria A. Tikhonova
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jamil A. Rzaev
- FSBI "Federal Center of Neurosurgery", Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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15
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Malekpour M, Jafari A, Kashkooli M, Salarikia SR, Negahdaripour M. A systems biology approach for discovering the cellular and molecular aspects of psychogenic non-epileptic seizure. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1116892. [PMID: 37252132 PMCID: PMC10213457 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1116892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) is the most common non-epileptic disorder in patients referring to epilepsy centers. Contrary to common beliefs about the disease's harmlessness, the death rate of PNES patients is similar to drug-resistant epilepsy. Meanwhile, the molecular pathomechanism of PNES is unknown with very limited related research. Thus, the aim of this in silico study was to find different proteins and hormones associated with PNES via a systems biology approach. Methods Different bioinformatics databases and literature review were used to find proteins associated with PNES. The protein-hormone interaction network of PNES was constructed to discover its most influential compartments. The pathways associated with PNES pathomechanism were found by enrichment analysis of the identified proteins. Besides, the relationship between PNES-related molecules and psychiatric diseases was discovered, and the brain regions that could express altered levels of blood proteins were discovered. Results Eight genes and three hormones were found associated with PNES through the review process. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY), cortisol, norepinephrine, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were identified to have a high impact on the disease pathogenesis network. Moreover, activation of Janus kinase-signaling transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) and JAK, as well as signaling of growth hormone receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase /protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), and neurotrophin were found associated with PNES molecular mechanism. Several psychiatric diseases such as depression, schizophrenia, and alcohol-related disorders were shown to be associated with PNES predominantly through signaling molecules. Significance This study was the first to gather the biochemicals associated with PNES. Multiple components and pathways and several psychiatric diseases associated with PNES, and some brain regions that could be altered during PNES were suggested, which should be confirmed in further studies. Altogether, these findings could be used in future molecular research on PNES patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Malekpour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kashkooli
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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16
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Qian Z, Qin J, Lai Y, Zhang C, Zhang X. Large-Scale Integration of Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data Reveals Astrocyte Diversity and Transcriptomic Modules across Six Central Nervous System Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:692. [PMID: 37189441 PMCID: PMC10135484 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of astrocytes in response to environmental factors contributes to many neurological diseases by impacting neuroinflammation responses, glutamate and ion homeostasis, and cholesterol and sphingolipid metabolism, which calls for comprehensive and high-resolution analysis. However, single-cell transcriptome analyses of astrocytes have been hampered by the sparseness of human brain specimens. Here, we demonstrate how large-scale integration of multi-omics data, including single-cell and spatial transcriptomic and proteomic data, overcomes these limitations. We created a single-cell transcriptomic dataset of human brains by integration, consensus annotation, and analyzing 302 publicly available single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets, highlighting the power to resolve previously unidentifiable astrocyte subpopulations. The resulting dataset includes nearly one million cells that span a wide variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy (Epi), and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). We profiled the astrocytes at three levels, subtype compositions, regulatory modules, and cell-cell communications, and comprehensively depicted the heterogeneity of pathological astrocytes. We constructed seven transcriptomic modules that are involved in the onset and progress of disease development, such as the M2 ECM and M4 stress modules. We validated that the M2 ECM module could furnish potential markers for AD early diagnosis at both the transcriptome and protein levels. In order to accomplish a high-resolution, local identification of astrocyte subtypes, we also carried out a spatial transcriptome analysis of mouse brains using the integrated dataset as a reference. We found that astrocyte subtypes are regionally heterogeneous. We identified dynamic cell-cell interactions in different disorders and found that astrocytes participate in key signaling pathways, such as NRG3-ERBB4, in epilepsy. Our work supports the utility of large-scale integration of single-cell transcriptomic data, which offers new insights into underlying multiple CNS disease mechanisms where astrocytes are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jinglin Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yiwen Lai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiannian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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17
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Skiba A, Kozioł E, Luca SV, Budzyńska B, Podlasz P, Van Der Ent W, Shojaeinia E, Esguerra CV, Nour M, Marcourt L, Wolfender JL, Skalicka-Woźniak K. Evaluation of the Antiseizure Activity of Endemic Plant Halfordia kendack Guillaumin and Its Main Constituent, Halfordin, on a Zebrafish Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-Induced Seizure Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032598. [PMID: 36768918 PMCID: PMC9916433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disease that burdens over 50 million people worldwide. Despite the considerable number of available antiseizure medications, it is estimated that around 30% of patients still do not respond to available treatment. Herbal medicines represent a promising source of new antiseizure drugs. This study aimed to identify new drug lead candidates with antiseizure activity from endemic plants of New Caledonia. The crude methanolic leaf extract of Halfordia kendack Guillaumin (Rutaceae) significantly decreased (75 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL) seizure-like behaviour compared to sodium valproate in a zebrafish pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced acute seizure model. The main coumarin compound, halfordin, was subsequently isolated by liquid-liquid chromatography and subjected to locomotor, local field potential (LFP), and gene expression assays. Halfordin (20 μM) significantly decreased convulsive-like behaviour in the locomotor and LFP analysis (by 41.4% and 60%, respectively) and significantly modulated galn, and penka gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Skiba
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (K.S.-W.); Tel.: +48-81448-7093 (A.S.); +48-81448-7089 (K.S.-W.)
| | - Ewelina Kozioł
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Simon Vlad Luca
- Biothermodynamics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Barbara Budzyńska
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University, Chodzki 4a, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Podlasz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wietske Van Der Ent
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleén 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elham Shojaeinia
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleén 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Camila V. Esguerra
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleén 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohammed Nour
- Institut des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (ISEA)-EA 4243, France University of New Caledonia, 98851 Nouméa, New Caledonia, France
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (K.S.-W.); Tel.: +48-81448-7093 (A.S.); +48-81448-7089 (K.S.-W.)
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18
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Gliwińska A, Czubilińska-Łada J, Więckiewicz G, Świętochowska E, Badeński A, Dworak M, Szczepańska M. The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Diagnosis and Treatment of Epilepsy, Depression, Schizophrenia, Anorexia Nervosa and Alzheimer's Disease as Highly Drug-Resistant Diseases: A Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020163. [PMID: 36831706 PMCID: PMC9953867 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the family of neurotrophins, which are growth factors with trophic effects on neurons. BDNF is the most widely distributed neurotrophin in the central nervous system (CNS) and is highly expressed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Its distribution outside the CNS has also been demonstrated, but most studies have focused on its effects in neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the advances in medicine in recent decades, neurological and psychiatric diseases are still characterized by high drug resistance. This review focuses on the use of BDNF in the developmental assessment, treatment monitoring, and pharmacotherapy of selected diseases, with a particular emphasis on epilepsy, depression, anorexia, obesity, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. The limitations of using a molecule with such a wide distribution range and inconsistent method of determination are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gliwińska
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-370-43-05; Fax: +48-32-370-42-92
| | - Justyna Czubilińska-Łada
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Gniewko Więckiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Świętochowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Badeński
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Dworak
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology with Dialysis Division for Children, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Maria Szczepańska
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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19
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Razeghi E, Mashayekhi F, Ghasemian F, Salehi Z. Effect of in ovo feeding of folic acid on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and gga-miR-190a-3p expression in the developing cerebral cortex of chickens. Res Vet Sci 2023; 154:73-77. [PMID: 36495713 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Folate plays important role in biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and is therefore crucial for DNA synthesis and neurogenesis in fetal brains. Many genes comprising brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and miRNAs have been shown to play important role in brain development. Gga-miR-190a-3p targets many genes including BDNF. The aim of this project was to study the effects of in ovo administration of folic acid (FA) on BDNF and gga-miR-190a-3p expression in the cerebral cortex of chick embryo. A total number of 120 hatching eggs with the correct shape and weight were used in this experiment. Forty eggs was injected by FA into the yolk sac at a dose of 150-μg per egg, 40 eggs by PBS (SHAM) on embryonic day 11 and 40 eggs were left without injection as controls. Then the cerebral cortex was collected on E19 and BDNF and gga-miR-190a-3p expression was studied using Real time PCR. The results showed that BDNF expression in the cortex of FA treated, SHAM and controls were 2.06 ± 0.29, 1.12 ± 0.12 and 1.02 ± 0.21 fold changes, respectively and for gga-miR-190a-3p were 0.72 ± 0.08, 0.95 ± 0.09 and 1.007 ± 0.12 fold change, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there is significant increase in BDNF expression and decreased gga-miR-190a-3p expression in FA injected cerebral cortex as compared either with SHAM or controls. Although, no significant change in BDNF and gga-miR-190a-3p expression were observed between SHAM and controls. It is concluded that in ovo administration of FA increases BDNF and decreases gga-miR-190a-3p expression in the developing chick cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Razeghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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20
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Egbenya DL, Hussain S, Lai YC, Anderson AE, Davanger S. Synapse-specific changes in Arc and BDNF in rat hippocampus following chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosci Res 2022; 191:1-12. [PMID: 36535366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) in the brain is important for synaptic plasticity, and probably also in neurodegenerative conditions. To understand the cellular mechanisms of the underlying neuropathophysiological processes in epilepsy, we need to pinpoint changes in concentration of synaptic plasticity-related proteins at subsynaptic levels. In this study, we examined changes in synaptic expression of Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated (Arc) and Brai Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in a rat model of kainate-induced temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Western blotting showed reduced concentrations of Arc and increased concentrations of BDNF in hippocampal synaptosomes in chronic TLE rats. Then, using quantitative electron microscopy, we found corresponding changes in subsynaptic regions in the hippocampus. Specifically, we detected significant reductions in the concentrations of Arc in the presynaptic terminal of Schaffer collateral glutamatergic synapses in the stratum radiatum of the CA1 area in TLE, as well as in their adjacent postsynaptic spines. In CA3, there was a significant reduction of Arc only in the presynaptic terminal cytoplasm. Conversely, in CA3, there was a significant increase in the expression of BDNF in the presynaptic terminal, but not in the postsynaptic spine. Significant increase in BDNF concentration in the CA1 postsynaptic density was also obtained. We hypothesize that the observed changes in Arc and BDNF may contribute to both cognitive impairment and increased excitotoxic vulnerability in chronic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Egbenya
- Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Suleman Hussain
- Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Yi-Chen Lai
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne E Anderson
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Svend Davanger
- Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Druzhkova TA, Yakovlev AA, Rider FK, Zinchuk MS, Guekht AB, Gulyaeva NV. Elevated Serum Cortisol Levels in Patients with Focal Epilepsy, Depression, and Comorbid Epilepsy and Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810414. [PMID: 36142325 PMCID: PMC9499608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inflammatory processes and neurotrophic factor systems are involved in pathogenesis of both epilepsy and depressive disorders. The study aimed to explore these systems in patients with focal epilepsy (PWE, n = 76), epilepsy and comorbid depression (PWCED n = 48), and major depressive disorder (PWMDD, n = 62) compared with healthy controls (HC, n = 78). Methods: Parameters of the HPA axis, neurotrophic factors, and TNF-α were measured in blood serum along with the hemogram. Results: Serum cortisol level was augmented in PWE, PWCED, and PWMDD compared with HC and was higher in PWMDD than in PWE. Serum cortisol negatively correlated with Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in PWE, and positively with depression inventory–II (BDI-II) score in PWMDD. Only PWMDD demonstrated elevated plasma ACTH. Serum TNF-α, lymphocytes, and eosinophils were augmented in PWMDD; monocytes elevated in PWE and PWCED, while neutrophils were reduced in PWE and PWMDD. Serum BDNF was decreased in PWE and PWCED, CNTF was elevated in all groups of patients. In PWE, none of above indices depended on epilepsy etiology. Conclusions: The results confirm the involvement of HPA axis and inflammatory processes in pathogenesis of epilepsy and depression and provide new insights in mechanisms of epilepsy and depression comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana A. Druzhkova
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Yakovlev
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Flora K. Rider
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Zinchuk
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla B. Guekht
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Gulyaeva
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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22
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Desai D, Shende P. β-Cyclodextrin-crosslinked synthetic neuropeptide Y-based nanosponges in epilepsy by contributing GABAergic signal. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 45:102594. [PMID: 35934306 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a polypeptide sequence useful in regulating physiological functions like homeostasis, feeding, etc., but its usage is restricted due to its short half-life. β-cyclodextrin-crosslinked nanosponges improve the drug release and stability due to its wide cavity, which is helpful to deliver therapeutics. The present work aimed to formulate synthetic NPY-based nanocarriers as sponges by polymer condensation mechanism using design experiment to improve the peptide release and stability. The validated nanosponges exhibited a particle size of 423.42 ± 5.32 nm, 75.82 ± 7.43 % entrapment efficiency and 83.50 ± 6.54 % NPY release for 24 h. The NPY and β-cyclodextrin interaction was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The NPY-loaded nanosponges were found stable for 6 months at two conditions (5 ± 2 °C and 25 ± 2 °C). The cross-linked nanocarriers of synthetic peptide-based nanosponges powder at different doses were administered intranasally using a metered-dose inhaler in the animal model to check its antiepileptic activity. The synthetic NPY-loaded nanosponges at higher doses showed significant antiepileptic effects equivalent to the standard drug (administered orally) in maximal electroshock and chemically-induced seizures with an increase of NPY in the brain directly proportional to GABAergic signalling by increase in GABA levels resulting in convulsions attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drashti Desai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
| | - Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
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23
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The Influence of Neurotrophic Factors BDNF and GDNF Overexpression on the Functional State of Mice and Their Adaptation to Audiogenic Seizures. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081039. [PMID: 36009102 PMCID: PMC9405786 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of diagnosed cases of severe neurological disorders, a significant proportion of which are epilepsy, contributes to a high level of mortality and disability in the population. Neurotrophic factors BDNF and GNDF are considered promising agents aimed at increasing the central nervous system’s adaptive potential for the development of the epileptiform activity. Despite the pronounced neuroprotective and anticonvulsant potential, an appropriate way to stimulate these endogenous signaling molecules with minimal risk of side effects remains an open question. Herein, we assessed the safety of gene therapy using original adeno-associated viral constructs carrying the genes of neurotrophic factors BDNF and GDNF in the early postnatal period of development of experimental animals. The intraventricular injection of AAV-Syn-BDNF-eGFP and AAV-Syn-GDNF-eGFP viral constructs into newborn mice was found to provide persistent overexpression of target genes in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in vivo for four weeks after injection. The application of viral constructs has a multidirectional effect on the weight and body length characteristics of mice in the early postnatal period; however, it ensures the animals’ resistance to the development of seizure activity under audiogenic stimulation in the late postnatal period and preserves basic behavioral reactions, emotional status, as well as the mnestic and cognitive abilities of mice after simulated stress. Our results demonstrated the safety of using the AAV-Syn-BDNF-eGFP and AAV-Syn-GDNF-eGFP viral constructs in vivo, which indicates the expediency of further testing the constructs as therapeutic anticonvulsants.
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24
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Manavi MA. Neuroprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues in epilepsy and associated comorbidities. Neuropeptides 2022; 94:102250. [PMID: 35561568 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological condition induced by losing equilibrium of different pathway as well as neurotransmitters that affects over 50 million people globally. Furthermore, long-term administration of anti-seizure medications has been associated with psychological adverse effects. Also, epilepsy has been related to an increased prevalence of obesity and called type 2 diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, GLP-1 receptors are located throughout the brain, including the hippocampus, which have been associated to majority of neurological conditions, such as epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. Moreover, the impact of different GLP-1 analogues on diverse neurotransmitter systems and associated cellular and molecular pathways as a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy and associated comorbidities has piqued curiosity. In this regard, the anticonvulsant effects of GLP-1 analogues have been investigated in various animal models and promising results such as anticonvulsants as well as cognitive improvements have been observed. For instance, GLP-1 analogues like liraglutide in addition to their possible anticonvulsant benefits, could be utilized to alleviate mental cognitive problems caused by both epilepsy and anti-seizure medication side effects. In this review and growing protective function of GLP-1 in epilepsy induced by disturbed neurotransmitter pathways and the probable mechanisms of action of GLP-1 analogues as well as the GLP-1 receptor in these effects have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Manavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Berger TC, Taubøll E, Heuser K. The potential role of DNA methylation as preventive treatment target of epileptogenesis. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:931356. [PMID: 35936496 PMCID: PMC9353008 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.931356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological therapy of epilepsy has so far been limited to symptomatic treatment aimed at neuronal targets, with the result of an unchanged high proportion of patients lacking seizure control. The dissection of the intricate pathological mechanisms that transform normal brain matter to a focus for epileptic seizures—the process of epileptogenesis—could yield targets for novel treatment strategies preventing the development or progression of epilepsy. While many pathological features of epileptogenesis have been identified, obvious shortcomings in drug development are now believed to be based on the lack of knowledge of molecular upstream mechanisms, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), and as well as a failure to recognize glial cell involvement in epileptogenesis. This article highlights the potential role of DNAm and related gene expression (GE) as a treatment target in epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Christoph Berger
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Toni Christoph Berger
| | - Erik Taubøll
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjell Heuser
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Kjell Heuser
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26
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Relationship between thyroid hormones and central nervous system metabolism in physiological and pathological conditions. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:847-858. [PMID: 35771431 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism. They also take part in processes associated with the central nervous system (CNS), including survival and differentiation of neurons and energy expenditure. It has been reported that a correlation exists between the functioning of the thyroid gland and the symptoms of CNS such as cognitive impairment, depression, and dementia. Literature data also indicate the influence of THs on the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, and Parkinson's disease. This review describes the relationship between THs and metabolism in the CNS, the effect of THs on the pathological conditions of the CNS, and novel options for treating these conditions with TH derivatives.
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27
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Wang L, Fu LL, Deng ZR, Zhang J, Zu MD, Wu JC, Wang Y. Overexpression of BDNF in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray regulates the behavior of epilepsy-migraine comorbid rats. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2594. [PMID: 35557046 PMCID: PMC9226826 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) overexpression in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) on behavioral changes in epilepsy-migraine comorbid rats. METHOD We used an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated vector to supplement BDNF in the vlPAG area prior to the establishment of a pilocarpine-nitroglycerin (Pilo-NTG) combination-induced comorbid model of epilepsy and migraine. Seizure- and migraine-related behaviors were analyzed. Cell loss and apoptosis in vlPAG were detected through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and TUNEL staining. Immunofluorescence staining analyses were employed to detect expressions of BDNF and its receptor, tyrosine kinase B (TrkB), in vlPAG. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to detect expressions of c-Fos and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) and trigeminal ganglion (TG). RESULTS Comparing to control group, AAV-BDNF injected comorbid group showed lower pain sensitivity, scratching head, and spontaneous seizures accompanied by the downregulation of c-Fos labeling neurons and CGRP immunoreactivity in the TNC and TG. However, these changes were still significantly higher in the comorbid group than those in both epilepsy and migraine groups under the same intervention. CONCLUSION These data demonstrated that supplying BDNF to vlPAG may protect structural and functional abnormalities in vlPAG and provide an antiepileptic and analgesic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lu-Lan Fu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zi-Ru Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mei-Dan Zu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Cang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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28
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Su FZ, Bai CX, Luo Y, Zhang WS, Cui N, Wang YY, Sun YP, Zhu WB, Zhao MY, Yang BY, Kuang HX, Wang QH. Cattle Bile Arisaema Aqueous Extracts Protect Against Febrile Seizures in Rats Through Regulating Neurotransmitters and Suppressing Neuroinflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:889055. [PMID: 35712708 PMCID: PMC9196122 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle bile Arisaema (CBA) is a traditional medicine used for the treatment of febrile seizures (FS) for thousands of years in China. However, its application is greatly limited due to cost reasons, and pig bile Arisaema (PBA) is the main commercial product instead. Additionally, the underlying mechanism of CBA for the treatment of FS still remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-convulsant effect and potential mechanism of the CBA aqueous extract for the first time through a hot-water bath-induced FS rat model. Our results showed that pre-treatment with CBA dramatically lowered the incidence rate and generation times and prolonged the latency of FS. In addition, CBA effectively ameliorated neuronal damage and regulated neurotransmitter disorder induced by FS in the rat hippocampus. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, immunohistochemical, and qRT-PCR results exhibited that CBA suppressed the expression of GFAP, TLR4, NF-κB, HMGB1, NLRP3, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and consequently inhibited the neuroinflammation induced by FS. Interestingly, although the CBA and PBA aqueous extracts possessed the same trend on the changes caused by FS, the improvement of FS by CBA is markedly better than that by PBA. These findings indicate that CBA exerts a protective effect on febrile seizures through regulating neurotransmitter disorder and suppressing neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Zhi Su
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Chen-Xi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yumeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Sen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Na Cui
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yang-Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Hai-Xue Kuang, ; Qiu-Hong Wang,
| | - Qiu-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hai-Xue Kuang, ; Qiu-Hong Wang,
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29
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Aygun H, Akin AT, Kızılaslan N, Sumbul O, Karabulut D. Probiotic supplementation alleviates absence seizures and anxiety- and depression-like behavior in WAG/Rij rat by increasing neurotrophic factors and decreasing proinflammatory cytokines. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 128:108588. [PMID: 35152169 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic brain disorders that affect millions of people worldwide. In the present study, we investigated the effects of probiotic supplementation on absence epilepsy and anxiety-and depression-like behavior in WAG/Rij rats. MATERIAL AND METHOD Fourteen male WAG/Rij rats (absence-epileptic) and seven male Wistar rats (nonepileptic) were used. The effects of probiotic VSL#3 (12.86 bn living bacteria/kg/day for 30 day/gavage) on absence seizures, and related psychiatric comorbidities were evaluated in WAG/Rij rats. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated by the open-field test and depression-like behavior by the forced swimming test. In addition, the brain tissues of rats were evaluated histopathologically for nerve growth factor [NGF], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], SRY sex-determining region Y-box 2 [SOX2] and biochemically for nitric oxide [NO], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α] ,and Interleukin-6 [IL-6]. RESULTS Compared to Wistar rats, WAG/Rij rats exhibited anxiety- and depression-like behavior, and had lower BDNF, NGF and SOX2 immunoreactivity, and higher TNF-α, IL-6 levels in brain tissue. VSL#3 supplementation reduced the duration and number of spike-wave discharges (SWDs) and exhibited anxiolytic or anti-depressive effect. VSL#3 supplement also increased the NGF immunoreactivity while decreasing IL-6, TNF-α and NO levels in WAG/Rij rat brain. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study showed that neurotrophins, SOX2 deficiency, and pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of absence epilepsy. Our data support the hypothesis that the probiotics have anti-inflammatory effect. The present study is the first to show the positive effects of probiotic bacteria on absence seizures and anxiety- and depression-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Aygun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokat Gaziosmanpasa, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Ali Tugrul Akin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nildem Kızılaslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tokat Gaziosmanpasa Tokat, Turkey
| | - Orhan Sumbul
- Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Tokat Gaziosmanpasa, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Derya Karabulut
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
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Boeri L, Donnaloja F, Campanile M, Sardelli L, Tunesi M, Fusco F, Giordano C, Albani D. Using integrated meta-omics to appreciate the role of the gut microbiota in epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 164:105614. [PMID: 35017031 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The way the human microbiota may modulate neurological pathologies is a fascinating matter of research. Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, which has been largely investigated in correlation with microbiota health and function. However, the mechanisms that regulate this apparent connection are scarcely defined, and extensive effort has been conducted to understand the role of microbiota in preventing and reducing epileptic seizures. Intestinal bacteria seem to modulate the seizure frequency mainly by releasing neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators. In order to elucidate the complex microbial contribution to epilepsy pathophysiology, integrated meta-omics could be pivotal. In fact, the combination of two or more meta-omics approaches allows a multifactorial study of microbial activity within the frame of disease or drug treatments. In this review, we provide information depicting and supporting the use of multi-omics to study the microbiota-epilepsy connection. We described different meta-omics analyses (metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics), focusing on current technical challenges in stool collection procedures, sample extraction methods and data processing. We further discussed the current advantages and limitations of using the integrative approach of multi-omics in epilepsy investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Boeri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Donnaloja
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marzia Campanile
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Sardelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marta Tunesi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Fusco
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Carmen Giordano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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31
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Long A, Crouse A, Kesterson RA, Might M, Wallis D. Functional characterization and potential therapeutic avenues for variants in the NTRK2 gene causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2022; 189:37-47. [PMID: 34889524 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Variants within the Neurotrophic Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Type 2 (NTRK2) gene have been discovered to play a role in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, a group of debilitating conditions for which little is known about cause or treatment. Here, we determine the functional consequences of two variants: p.Tyr434Cys (Y434C) (located in the transmembrane domain) and p.Thr720Ile (T720I) (located in the catalytic domain). Wild-type and variant cDNAs were constructed and transfected into HEK293 cells. In cell culture, variant Y434C exhibited ligand-independent activation of tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) signaling with an associated abnormal response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) stimulation and increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and ETS like-1 protein (ELK1) activity. Expression of variant T720I resulted in decreased TRKB signaling with reduced mTor activity as determined by decreased levels of phosphorylated S6. With the deleterious mechanisms characterized, we utilized mediKanren (a novel artificial intelligence tool) to identify therapeutics to compensate for the pathological effects. Downregulation of TRKB through inhibition with mediKanren-predicted compound 1NM-PP1 led to decreased MEK activity. Upregulation of TRKB signaling by mediKanren-predicted valproic acid led to subsequent increase of mTor activity. Overall, our results provide further characterization of the pathogenicity of these two variants in the NTRK2 gene. Indeed, Y434C is the first patient-specific NTRK2 variant with demonstrated hypermorphic activity. Furthermore, we observed that variants Y434C and T720I result in distinct functional consequences that require distinct therapeutic strategies. These data suggest the possibility that unique mutations within different regions of the NTRK2 gene results in separate clinical presentations, representing distinct genetic disorders requiring unique therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Long
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Andrew Crouse
- Personalized Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Robert A Kesterson
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Matthew Might
- Personalized Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Deeann Wallis
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical applications. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_195_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Wang X, Hu Z, Zhong K. The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Epileptogenesis: an Update. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758232. [PMID: 34899313 PMCID: PMC8661413 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, which is characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures, is one of the most common and serious chronic neurological diseases in the world. 30% patients failed to control seizures with multiple anti-seizure epileptic drugs, leading to serious outcomes. The pathogenesis of epilepsy is very complex and remains unclear. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as a member of the neurotrophic factor family, is considered to play an important role in the survival, growth and differentiation of neurons during the development of the central nervous system. Recent years, a series of studies have reported that BDNF can maintain the function of the nervous system and promotes the regeneration of neurons after injury, which is believed to be closely related to epileptogenesis. However, two controversial views (BDNF inhibits or promotes epileptogenesis) still exist. Thus, this mini-review focuses on updating the new evidence of the role of BDNF in epileptogenesis and discussing the possibility of BDNF as an underlying target for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Ojo ES, Ishola IO, Afolayan O, James AB, Ben-Azu B, Adeyemi OO. Cnestis ferruginea Vahl ex DC (Connaraceae) downregulates expression of immediate early genes in kainic acid-induced temporal lobe epilepsy in mice. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 37:191-200. [PMID: 34881530 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the influence of Cnestis ferruginea (CF) on kainic acid (KA)-induced immediate early genes (IEGs) associated with hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in mice. METHODS Animals were randomly divided into preventive treatment; vehicle (10 mL/kg, p.o.) or CF (400 mg/kg, p.o.) for three consecutive days before KA (5 mg/kg, i.p.) on days 4 and 5. In the reversal model, KA (5 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered on days 1 and 2 before CF (400 mg/kg) administration on days 3-5. Animals were euthanized on day 5, 6 h after KA exposure in preventive model and 1 h after CF administration in reversal model to estimate markers of IEGs. RESULTS KA upregulated the expression of c-Fos protein by 3.32-, 9.45-, 8.13-, and 8.66-fold in the hippocampal CA1, CA2, CA3, and DG regions, respectively. Also, KA elevated inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression by 10.9-, 10.6-, 9.78-, and 9.51-fold. Besides, mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factors and heat shock protein was increased by 2.38- and 1.39-fold, respectively, after exposure to KA which were attenuated by CF. CONCLUSIONS CF attenuated KA-induced IEGs and could be used as an adjunct in TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel S Ojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Olasunmbo Afolayan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ayorinde B James
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Neuropharmacology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Nowroozi A, Salehi MA, Mohammadi S. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Res 2021; 178:106794. [PMID: 34773766 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epilepsy affects almost 1% of people and is characterized by sudden seizures. To date, no reliable biomarker has been found to diagnose or predict the outcomes of epilepsy. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels have recently been shown to differ between patients with certain neurologic disorders and normal population, and it is unknown whether this is the case for epilepsy. In this study, we mainly aim to answer this question. METHODS We searched three databases for studies comparing BDNF levels between patients with epilepsy and controls. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and statistical analyses were carried out in STATA software version 16. RESULTS Final analyses included 10 studies involving 403 patients with epilepsy. BDNF levels were statistically similar between patients and controls (standardized mean difference (SMD) = - 0.30, 95% CI = - 1.32 to 0.71, p = 0.56). When categorized by epilepsy subtype, patients with partial epilepsy showed lower BDNF measures than controls (95% CI = - 1.42 to - 0.32, p < 0.01), while the difference was not significant in patients with generalized epilepsy (95% CI = - 2.81 to 1.65, p = 0.61). Subgroup analyses indicated that BDNF was lower in patients than controls when age or sex matching was not present. Patient samples acquired in the morning also showed significantly lower BDNF levels than controls, unlike afternoon samples. Meta-regression identified no predictor for the difference in BDNF levels. CONCLUSION Generally, patients with epilepsy had BDNF levels similar to general population, although patients with partial epilepsy showed lower BDNF levels. Taking into account the sub-group analyses, further studies with higher qualities are required to evaluate the role and utility of BDNF in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nowroozi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Soheil Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Duke CG, Bach SV, Revanna JS, Sultan FA, Southern NT, Davis MN, Carullo NVN, Bauman AJ, Phillips RA, Day JJ. An Improved CRISPR/dCas9 Interference Tool for Neuronal Gene Suppression. Front Genome Ed 2021; 2:9. [PMID: 34713218 PMCID: PMC8525373 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2020.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of genetic material governs brain development, differentiation, and function, and targeted manipulation of gene expression is required to understand contributions of gene function to health and disease states. Although recent improvements in CRISPR/dCas9 interference (CRISPRi) technology have enabled targeted transcriptional repression at selected genomic sites, integrating these techniques for use in non-dividing neuronal systems remains challenging. Previously, we optimized a dual lentivirus expression system to express CRISPR-based activation machinery in post-mitotic neurons. Here we used a similar strategy to adapt an improved dCas9-KRAB-MeCP2 repression system for robust transcriptional inhibition in neurons. We find that lentiviral delivery of a dCas9-KRAB-MeCP2 construct driven by the neuron-selective human synapsin promoter enabled transgene expression in primary rat neurons. Next, we demonstrate transcriptional repression using CRISPR sgRNAs targeting diverse gene promoters, and show superiority of this system in neurons compared to existing RNA interference methods for robust transcript specific manipulation at the complex Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) gene. Our findings advance this improved CRISPRi technology for use in neuronal systems for the first time, potentially enabling improved ability to manipulate gene expression states in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey G Duke
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Svitlana V Bach
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jasmin S Revanna
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Faraz A Sultan
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nicholas T Southern
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - M Natalie Davis
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nancy V N Carullo
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Allison J Bauman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Robert A Phillips
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jeremy J Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Della Vecchia S, Marchese M, Santorelli FM, Sicca F. Kir4.1 Dysfunction in the Pathophysiology of Depression: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:2628. [PMID: 34685608 PMCID: PMC8534194 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A serotonergic dysfunction has been largely postulated as the main cause of depression, mainly due to its effective response to drugs that increase the serotonergic tone, still currently the first therapeutic line in this mood disorder. However, other dysfunctional pathomechanisms are likely involved in the disorder, and this may in part explain why some individuals with depression are resistant to serotonergic therapies. Among these, emerging evidence suggests a role for the astrocytic inward rectifier potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) as an important modulator of neuronal excitability and glutamate metabolism. To discuss the relationship between Kir4.1 dysfunction and depression, a systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA statement. Searches were conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science by two independent reviewers. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, analyzing Kir4.1 relationships with depression, through in vitro, in vivo, and post-mortem investigations. Increasing, yet not conclusive, evidence suggests a potential pathogenic role for Kir4.1 upregulation in depression. However, the actual contribution in the diverse subtypes of the disorder and in the comorbid conditions, for example, the epilepsy-depression comorbidity, remain elusive. Further studies are needed to better define the clinical phenotype associated with Kir4.1 dysfunction in humans and the molecular mechanisms by which it contributes to depression and implications for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Della Vecchia
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Calambrone, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Marchese
- Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Federico Sicca
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Calambrone, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, USL Centro Toscana, 59100 Prato, Italy
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Piotrkowicz M, Janoska-Jazdzik M, Koweszko T, Szulc A. The Influence of Psychotherapy on Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentration Levels and Gene Methylation Status: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4424. [PMID: 34640441 PMCID: PMC8509187 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotherapy is a well-established method of treating many mental disorders. It has been proven that psychotherapy leads to structural and functional changes in the brain; however, knowledge about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these changes is limited. Neuroplasticity and one of its mediators, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are potential research targets in this field. To define the role of BDNF concentration in serum, or in plasma, and BDNF promoter gene methylation in saliva or leucocytes, in psychotherapy, an extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. The literature review was conducted based on papers published up until May 2021 that included pre and post psychotherapy measurements of either BDNF concentration levels or promoter gene methylation status. Ten studies were indicated as eligible for analysis: eight studies that investigated peripheral BDNF concentration levels, one study that investigated methylation status, and one study that included an evaluation of both subject matters. Patients underwent cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy. Patients were diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, major depressive disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or post-traumatic stress disorder. There were only three of the nine studies that showed statistically significant increases in BDNF concentration levels after psychotherapy. The two studies that involved BDNF gene methylation status showed a decrease in methylation after dialectical behavioral therapy of borderline patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Piotrkowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Partyzantow 2/4, 05-802 Pruszkow, Poland; (M.J.-J.); (T.K.); (A.S.)
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Norgren J, Daniilidou M, Kåreholt I, Sindi S, Akenine U, Nordin K, Rosenborg S, Ngandu T, Kivipelto M, Sandebring-Matton A. Serum proBDNF Is Associated With Changes in the Ketone Body β-Hydroxybutyrate and Shows Superior Repeatability Over Mature BDNF: Secondary Outcomes From a Cross-Over Trial in Healthy Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:716594. [PMID: 34489682 PMCID: PMC8417778 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.716594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) can upregulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mice, but little is known about the associations between BHB and BDNF in humans. The primary aim here was to investigate whether ketosis (i.e., raised BHB levels), induced by a ketogenic supplement, influences serum levels of mature BDNF (mBDNF) and its precursor proBDNF in healthy older adults. A secondary aim was to determine the intra-individual stability (repeatability) of those biomarkers, measured as intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Method: Three of the arms in a 6-arm randomized cross-over trial were used for the current sub-study. Fifteen healthy volunteers, 65–75 y, 53% women, were tested once a week. Test oils, mixed in coffee and cream, were ingested after a 12-h fast. Labeled by their level of ketosis, the arms provided: sunflower oil (lowK); coconut oil (midK); caprylic acid + coconut oil (highK). Repeated blood samples were collected for 4 h after ingestion. Serum BDNF levels were analyzed for changes from baseline to 1, 2 and 4 h to compare the arms. Individual associations between BHB and BDNF were analyzed cross-sectionally and for a delayed response (changes in BHB 0–2 h to changes in BDNF at 0–4 h). ICC estimates were calculated from baseline levels from the three study days. Results: proBDNF increased more in highK vs. lowK between 0 and 4 h (z-score: β = 0.25, 95% CI 0.07–0.44; p = 0.007). Individual change in BHB 0–2 h, predicted change in proBDNF 0–4 h, (β = 0.40, CI 0.12–0.67; p = 0.006). Change in mBDNF was lower in highK vs. lowK at 0–2 h (β = −0.88, CI −1.37 to −0.40; p < 0.001) and cumulatively 0–4 h (β = −1.01, CI −1.75 to −0.27; p = 0.01), but this could not be predicted by BHB levels. ICC was 0.96 (95% CI 0.92–0.99) for proBDNF, and 0.72 (CI 0.47–0.89) for mBDNF. Conclusions: The findings support a link between changes in peripheral BHB and proBDNF in healthy older adults. For mBDNF, changes differed between arms but independent to BHB levels. Replication is warranted due to the small sample. Excellent repeatability encourages future investigations on proBDNF as a predictor of brain health. Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03904433.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Norgren
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Makrina Daniilidou
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Kåreholt
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Aging Research Network - Jönköping (ARN-J), Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Shireen Sindi
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrika Akenine
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Nordin
- Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Staffan Rosenborg
- Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Research & Development Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Sandebring-Matton
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Zou J, Yi S, Niu L, Zhou H, Lin Z, Wang Y, Huang X, Meng W, Guo Y, Qi L, Meng L. Neuroprotective Effect of Ultrasound Neuromodulation on Kainic Acid- Induced Epilepsy in Mice. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2021; 68:3006-3016. [PMID: 33979280 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2021.3079628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary evidence suggests that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke, depression, and other conditions leading to neuronal cell death (e.g., Parkinson's disease). The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of LIPUS in epileptic mice. Mice were made epileptic through kainic acid (KA) administration and then stimulated with LIPUS. The neuroprotective effect of ultrasound was evaluated by observing the latency, anxiety-like behavior, and levels of proteins related to inflammation, apoptosis, or signaling pathways. The safety of LIPUS was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Nissl stainings. LIPUS prolonged the latency (Sham: 6.00 ± 0.26 days; 1-kHz pulse repetition frequency (PRF): 7.00 ± 0.31 days), improved the anxiety-like behavior, and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related proteins. In addition, H&E and Nissl staining results confirmed that LIPUS did not damage the brain. These findings suggest that LIPUS has neuroprotective effects in mice with KA-induced epilepsy. LIPUS may offer a new therapeutic approach to epilepsy.
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Cokyaman T, Kasap T, Şehitoğlu H. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the diagnosis of febrile seizure. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1082-1086. [PMID: 33289227 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a noncovalently linked homodimer protein from the neurotrophic growth factor family. Although it is expressed throughout the brain, it is produced more intensively in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus and can cross the blood-brain barrier in two directions easily. The aim of this study is to understand, for the first time, whether there is a relationship between febrile seizure (FS) and BDNF. METHODS The study included cases diagnosed with FS and febrile illness, of similar age, weight, and height, between 6 months and 6 years. Samples for serum BDNF measurement were taken within the first 24-48 h of admission at the hospital and levels were measured using the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and expressed in ng/mL. RESULTS Eighty cases (40 FS, 40 febrile illness) were included in the study. The mean serum BDNF was found to be 6.7 ± 2.4 ng/mL in the FS group and 4.5 ± 2.6 ng/mL in the febrile illness group (P = 0.001). No relation was found between gender, age, body weight, length, and platelet counts and serum BDNF levels. The optimal cut-off value for serum BDNF was found to be 5.2 ng/mL (75% sensitivity, 62.5% specificity, AUC: 0.723) to distinguish between FS and febrile illness. CONCLUSIONS Excluding demographic variables such as gender, age, weight, length, and platelet counts serum BDNF levels have increased in children with FS. Considering the hippocampal origin of FS, we can suggest that the pathophysiology of FS may be related to the BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turgay Cokyaman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Tolga Kasap
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Hilal Şehitoğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Zubareva OE, Melik-Kasumov TB. The Gut–Brain Axis and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in the Regulation of Epileptogenesis. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fu X, Zhou G, Wu X, Xu C, Zhou H, Zhuang J, Peng Y, Cao Y, Zeng H, Li Y, Li J, Gao L, Chen G, Wang L, Yan F. Inhibition of P2X4R attenuates white matter injury in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage by regulating microglial phenotypes. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:184. [PMID: 34425835 PMCID: PMC8383380 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background White matter injury (WMI) is a major neuropathological event associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). P2X purinoreceptor 4 (P2X4R) is a member of the P2X purine receptor family, which plays a crucial role in regulating WMI and neuroinflammation in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Our study investigated the role of P2X4R in the WMI and the inflammatory response in mice, as well as the possible mechanism of action after ICH. Methods ICH was induced in mice via collagenase injection. Mice were treated with 5-BDBD and ANA-12 to inhibit P2X4R and tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB), respectively. Immunostaining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed to detect microglial phenotypes after the inhibition of P2X4R. Western blots (WB) and immunostaining were used to examine WMI and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Cylinder, corner turn, wire hanging, and forelimb placement tests were conducted to evaluate neurobehavioral function. Results After ICH, the protein levels of P2X4R were upregulated, especially on day 7 after ICH, and were mainly located in the microglia. The inhibition of P2X4R via 5-BDBD promoted neurofunctional recovery after ICH as well as the transformation of the pro-inflammatory microglia induced by ICH into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and attenuated ICH-induced WMI. Furthermore, we found that TrkB blockage can reverse the protective effects of WMI as well as neuroprotection after 5-BDBD treatment. This result indicates that P2X4R plays a crucial role in regulating WMI and neuroinflammation and that P2X4R inhibition may benefit patients with ICH. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that P2X4R contributes to WMI by polarizing microglia into a pro-inflammatory phenotype after ICH. Furthermore, the inhibition of P2X4R promoted pro-inflammatory microglia polarization into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production, and through the BDNF/TrkB pathway, attenuated WMI and improved neurological function. Therefore, the regulation of P2X4R activation may be beneficial for the reducing of ICH-induced brain injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02239-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongjie Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Guoyang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Chaoran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yucong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hanhai Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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Butler-Ryan R, Wood IC. The functions of repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor in models of epileptogenesis and post-ischemia. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1135-1150. [PMID: 33813634 PMCID: PMC8272694 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a debilitating neurological disorder characterised by recurrent seizures for which 30% of patients are refractory to current treatments. The genetic and molecular aetiologies behind epilepsy are under investigation with the goal of developing new epilepsy medications. The transcriptional repressor REST (Repressor Element 1-Silencing Transcription factor) is a focus of interest as it is consistently upregulated in epilepsy patients and following brain insult in animal models of epilepsy and ischemia. This review analyses data from different epilepsy models and discusses the contribution of REST to epileptogenesis. We propose that in healthy brains REST acts in a protective manner to homeostatically downregulate increases in excitability, to protect against seizure through downregulation of BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) and its receptor, TrkB (Tropomyosin receptor kinase B). However, in epilepsy patients and post-seizure, REST may increase to a larger degree, which allows downregulation of the glutamate receptor subunit GluR2. This leads to AMPA glutamate receptors lacking GluR2 subunits, which have increased permeability to Ca2+, causing excitotoxicity, cell death and seizure. This concept highlights therapeutic potential of REST modulation through gene therapy in epilepsy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Butler-Ryan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Ian C. Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
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Alvim MKM, Morita-Sherman ME, Yasuda CL, Rocha NP, Vieira ÉL, Pimentel-Silva LR, Henrique Nogueira M, Barbosa R, Watanabe N, Coan AC, Lopes-Cendes I, Teixeira AL, Cendes F. Inflammatory and neurotrophic factor plasma levels are related to epilepsy independently of etiology. Epilepsia 2021; 62:2385-2394. [PMID: 34331458 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays an essential role in epilepsy. Studies indicate that cytokines and neurotrophic factors can act in neuroexcitability and epileptogenesis. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma inflammatory and neurotrophic markers, seizure frequency, and chronic epilepsy subtypes. METHODS We studied 446 patients with epilepsy and 166 healthy controls. We classified patients according to etiology and seizure frequency. We measured plasma levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, interferon-γ (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNFr1), sTNFr2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophic factor 3 (NT3), NT4/5, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or cytometric bead array. RESULTS The plasma levels of BDNF, NT3, NGF, and sTNFr2 were higher, whereas IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFNγ, TNFα, CNTF, and sTNFr1 were lower in patients than controls. IL1, GDNF, and NT4/5 were similar between groups. These markers did not correlate with age, sex, and epilepsy duration. The molecule sTNFr2 was the best marker to discriminate patients from controls (area under the curve = .857), also differing between patients with frequent and infrequent seizures. SIGNIFICANCE This large cohort confirmed that patients with epilepsy have abnormal levels of plasma inflammatory and neurotrophic markers independent of the underlying etiology. Plasma level of sTNFr2 was related to seizure frequency and discriminated people with or without epilepsy with good accuracy, making it a potential biomarker for epilepsy and seizure burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Natália P Rocha
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Érica L Vieira
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio L Teixeira
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Shpak AA, Guekht AB, Druzhkova TA, Rider FK, Gulyaeva NV. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in blood serum and lacrimal fluid of patients with focal epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2021; 176:106707. [PMID: 34225232 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in blood serum (BS) and lacrimal fluid (LF) of people with epilepsy (PWE). METHODS It was a case-control study of 72 consecutive patients with focal epilepsy (cases, Epilepsy group) and 60 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (controls). Based on comorbid depression, two subgroups of PWE were formed. BDNF level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in BS and LF. RESULTS Compared to controls, BDNF level (pg/mL) in PWE was lower both in BS (22,520 ± 3810 vs. 26,360 ± 3090, P < 0.000) and in LF (100.8 ± 23.3 vs. 113.4 ± 19.3, P = 0.001). However, no significant correlation was found between BDNF level in BS and LF either in the Epilepsy group or in controls. No impact of comorbid depression on BDNF level was found either in BS or LF of PWE. We revealed a higher BDNF level in LF of men as compared to women in controls and a similar non-significant trend in PWE. Higher BDNF level in BS of PWE receiving valproates versus other AEDs was found, however, a relatively small number of observations and use of polytherapy in most cases should be taken into account. SIGNIFICANCE In patients with focal epilepsy, BDNF level is decreased both in BS and LF, though with no correlation between them. No association of BDNF levels with age and epilepsy characteristics, as well as the occurrence of depression, was found. Low BDNF level in LF could be considered as a non-invasive biomarker of focal epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Shpak
- The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Alla B Guekht
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana A Druzhkova
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Flora K Rider
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Gulyaeva
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Chen Q, Yang P, Lin Q, Pei J, Jia Y, Zhong Z, Wang S. Effects of scorpion venom heat-resistant peptide on the hippocampal neurons of kainic acid-induced epileptic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10717. [PMID: 33825777 PMCID: PMC8021226 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x202010717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scorpion venom is a Chinese medicine for epilepsy treatment, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. Scorpion venom heat-resistant peptide (SVHRP), a peptide isolated from the venom of Buthus martensii Karsch, has an anti-epileptic effect by reducing seizure behavior according to a modified Racine scale. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of SVHRP on temporal lobe epilepsy. The hippocampus and hippocampal neurons from kainic acid-induced epileptic rats were treated with SVHRP at different doses and duration. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting were used to detect the expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuropeptide Y (NPY), cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), stromal interaction molecule (STIM), and calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (ORAI1). In the hippocampal tissues and primary hippocampal neuron cultures, SVHRP treatment resulted in increased mRNA and protein levels of BDNF and NPY under the epileptic condition. The upregulation of BDNF and NPY expression was positively correlated with the dose level and treatment duration of SVHRP in hippocampal tissues from kainic acid-induced epileptic rats. On the other hand, no significant changes in the levels of CREB, STIM, or ORAI1 were observed. SVHRP may exhibit an anti-epileptic effect by upregulating the expression of BDNF and NPY in the epileptic hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengfan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiasheng Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanzeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shousen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, China
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Wan L, Yang G, Sun Y, Li Z, Zhang S, Shi X, Wang J. Combined melatonin and adrenocorticotropic hormone treatment attenuates N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced infantile spasms in a rat model by regulating activation of the HPA axis. Neurosci Lett 2021; 748:135713. [PMID: 33571576 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Infantile spasms (IS) is a serious epileptic syndrome that frequently occurs in infancy. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is generally the first-line treatment for IS; however, side effects limit its application. Melatonin (MT) has been used in clinical treatment for sleep disorders with only minor side effects. Further, MT was shown to be a powerful anticonvulsant in an animal model of epilepsy. In this research, we aimed to compare the anticonvulsant efficacy of ACTH and/or MT for treatment of IS and explore the mechanisms underlying the anticonvulsant activity of MT, using an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced IS model in neonatal rats following exposure to prenatal stress. Latency to the onset of spasms and the total number of spasms were recorded to assess spasm severity. Treatment with ACTH and/or MT significantly reduced the number of spasms and prolonged the latency period. Additionally, expression of GR-α, HDAC2, BNDF, TrkB, and C-Cbl were significantly increased by induction with NMDA, and this effect was reversed by ACTH and/or MT treatment. Hence, our data suggest that combined ACTH and MT treatment is effective for reducing the number of spasms and increasing the latency period in NMDA rats, by restoring dysregulation of the HPA axis. These findings have the potential to provide a new strategy for the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiuyu Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
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Poniatowski ŁA, Cudna A, Kurczych K, Bronisz E, Kurkowska-Jastrzębska I. Kinetics of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration levels in epileptic patients after generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Epilepsy Res 2021; 173:106612. [PMID: 33774427 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by the periodic and unpredictable occurrence of seizures. The serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been suggested to be a potential biomarker that could detect differences in epilepsy patients. Although there is considerable neurobiological evidence linking BDNF to epilepsy, only a small number of studies investigated the relationship between BDNF serum levels and epilepsy, and these studies obtained inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to elucidate BDNF serum levels in epilepsy cases. METHODS Collectively, group of 143 patients (n = 143) were included in this study and subsequently divided into two groups consisting of individuals after singular generalized tonic-clonic seizures (n = 50) and patients with chronic epilepsy (n = 93). The samples from patients with acute epilepsy were collected 1-3 hours and 72 h after seizure, and a single collection was performed from patients with chronic epilepsy. These samples were compared to the control group (n = 48) using ELISA. RESULTS In the present study, we observed a significant decrease of BDNF serum levels in patients after generalized tonic-clonic seizures compared to the control group. Furthermore, the observed decrease of BDNF levels in this group was sustained at 1 and 72 h after seizure insult. We did not show the relationship between BDNF levels and age, etiology of epilepsy and the duration of illness. SIGNIFICANCE Our results and the findings of previous studies indicate that the serum BDNF level significantly decreases after seizures and should be considered when measuring BDNF in patients with chronic epilepsy. It might be also influenced by neurodegenerative processes, which may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of particular epilepsy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz A Poniatowski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudna
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kurczych
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Bronisz
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
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Bustamante-Barrientos FA, Méndez-Ruette M, Ortloff A, Luz-Crawford P, Rivera FJ, Figueroa CD, Molina L, Bátiz LF. The Impact of Estrogen and Estrogen-Like Molecules in Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration: Beneficial or Harmful? Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:636176. [PMID: 33762910 PMCID: PMC7984366 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.636176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens and estrogen-like molecules can modify the biology of several cell types. Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) belong to the so-called classical family of estrogen receptors, while the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) represents a non-classical estrogen receptor mainly located in the plasma membrane. As estrogen receptors are ubiquitously distributed, they can modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in several tissues and organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). Estrogens can exert neuroprotective roles by acting as anti-oxidants, promoting DNA repair, inducing the expression of growth factors, and modulating cerebral blood flow. Additionally, estrogen-dependent signaling pathways are involved in regulating the balance between proliferation and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), thus influencing neurogenic processes. Since several estrogen-based therapies are used nowadays and estrogen-like molecules, including phytoestrogens and xenoestrogens, are omnipresent in our environment, estrogen-dependent changes in cell biology and tissue homeostasis have gained attention in human health and disease. This article provides a comprehensive literature review on the current knowledge of estrogen and estrogen-like molecules and their impact on cell survival and neurodegeneration, as well as their role in NSPCs proliferation/differentiation balance and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Bustamante-Barrientos
- Immunology Program, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maxs Méndez-Ruette
- Neuroscience Program, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Ortloff
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias y Salud Pública, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- Immunology Program, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco J Rivera
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Carlos D Figueroa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Luis Molina
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Luis Federico Bátiz
- Neuroscience Program, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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