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Wu S, Hu C, Hui K, Jiang X. Non-immune functions of B7-H3: bridging tumor cells and the tumor vasculature. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1408051. [PMID: 38952550 PMCID: PMC11215132 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1408051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
B7-H3 (CD276), an immune checkpoint molecule, is overexpressed in various types of cancer and their tumor vasculature, demonstrating significant associations with adverse clinical outcomes. In addition to its well-known immune functions, B7-H3 exhibits dual co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory roles in normal physiology and the tumor microenvironment. The non-immune functions of B7-H3 in tumor cells and the tumor vasculature, including promoting tumor cell anti-apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, radioresistance, as well as affecting cellular metabolism and angiogenesis, have increasingly gained attention from researchers. Particularly, the co-expression of B7-H3 in both tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells highlights the higher potential and clinical utility of therapeutic strategies targeting B7-H3. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in understanding the non-immune functions of B7-H3 in tumors and provide insights into therapeutic approaches targeting B7-H3, focusing on its co-expression in tumor cells and endothelial cells. The aim is to establish a theoretical foundation and practical reference for the development and optimization of B7-H3-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Kaiyuan Hui
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
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2
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Sun H, Gao F, Liu Y, Shao J. Survival and clinicopathological significance of B7-H3 in bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Urol 2024; 24:57. [PMID: 38468228 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B7-H3 has been implicated in clinical pathological features and prognosis across various cancer types, suggesting its potential as a cancer biomarker. Nevertheless, consensus remains elusive regarding its clinical-pathological and prognostic significance in bladder cancer. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and CNKI databases from their inception up to October 6, 2022. We evaluated the literature's quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We performed meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 12.0, synthesizing data and calculating odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS After applying eligibility criteria and conducting assessments, we included data from 8 studies, encompassing 1622 bladder cancer patients. Bladder tumor tissues exhibited significantly elevated B7-H3 protein expression compared to normal bladder tissues. Elevated B7-H3 expression was notably associated with patient age, tumor infiltration, and recurrence in bladder cancer. However, no significant correlations were observed with other clinical characteristics. Our pooled HR analysis indicated no significant association between B7-H3 expression and overall survival in bladder cancer patients. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis unveils the complex role of B7-H3 in bladder cancer progression. It appears to be directly involved in tumor infiltration and recurrence but cannot definitively serve as a prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer. To validate these findings, further well-designed studies, encompassing larger sample sizes and diverse racial backgrounds, are warranted. PROSPERO REGISTRATION No. CRD42022364688.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Sun
- Department of Urology, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital (Jiangnan University Medical Center), Wuxi, 214002, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Jianfeng Shao
- Department of Urology, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital (Jiangnan University Medical Center), Wuxi, 214002, China.
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3
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Feustel K, Martin J, Falchook GS. B7-H3 Inhibitors in Oncology Clinical Trials: A Review. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY AND PRECISION ONCOLOGY 2024; 7:53-66. [PMID: 38327753 PMCID: PMC10846634 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-23-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
B7-H3 is a transmembrane receptor highly prevalent on malignant cells and plays an important role in adaptive immunity that is not fully elucidated. Targeted B7-H3 inhibitors, including antibody-drug conjugates, radioimmunotherapy, and monoclonal antibodies, are a new class of antineoplastic agents showing promising preliminary clinical efficacy, observed with several of these agents against multiple tumor types. Particularly promising treatments are enoblituzumab for prostate cancer, 131I-omburtamab for central nervous system malignancies, and HS-20093 for small-cell lung cancer but further studies are warranted. There are clinical trials on the horizon that have not yet enrolled patients examining chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, bi- and tri-specific killer engagers, and dual-affinity retargeting proteins. These data will be telling of the efficacy of B7-H3 inhibitors in both hematologic and solid malignancies. This study aimed to compile available results of B7-H3 inhibitors in oncology clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavanya Feustel
- Early Phase Clinical Trials Unit, Sarah Cannon Research Institute at HealthONE, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jared Martin
- Rocky Vista University Medical School, Greenwood Village, CO, USA
| | - Gerald S. Falchook
- Early Phase Clinical Trials Unit, Sarah Cannon Research Institute at HealthONE, Denver, CO, USA
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Metebi A, Kauffman N, Xu L, Singh SK, Nayback C, Fan J, Johnson N, Diemer J, Grimm T, Zamiara M, Zinn KR. Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab inhibited growth of ovarian cancer in preclinical mouse models. Front Chem 2024; 11:1322773. [PMID: 38333550 PMCID: PMC10850308 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1322773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Better treatments for ovarian cancer are needed to eliminate residual peritoneal disease after initial debulking surgery. The present study evaluated Trastuzumab to deliver Pb-214/Bi-214 for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) for HER2-positive ovarian cancer in mouse models of residual disease. This study is the first report of TAT using a novel Radon-222 generator to produce short-lived Lead-214 (Pb-214, t1/2 = 26.8 min) in equilibrium with its daughter Bismuth-214 (Bi-214, t1/2 = 19.7 min); referred to as Pb-214/Bi-214. In this study, Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab was tested. Methods: Trastuzumab and control IgG antibody were conjugated with TCMC chelator and radiolabeled with Pb-214/Bi-214 to yield Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab and Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-IgG1. The decay of Pb-214/Bi-214 yielded α-particles for TAT. SKOV3 and OVAR3 human ovarian cancer cell lines were tested for HER2 levels. The effects of Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab and appropriate controls were compared using clonogenic assays and in mice bearing peritoneal SKOV3 or OVCAR3 tumors. Mice control groups included untreated, Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-IgG1, and Trastuzumab only. Results and discussion: SKOV3 cells had 590,000 ± 5,500 HER2 receptors/cell compared with OVCAR3 cells at 7,900 ± 770. In vitro clonogenic assays with SKOV3 cells showed significantly reduced colony formation after Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab treatment compared with controls. Nude mice bearing luciferase-positive SKOV3 or OVCAR3 tumors were treated with Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab or appropriate controls. Two 0.74 MBq doses of Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab significantly suppressed the growth of SKOV3 tumors for 60 days, without toxicity, compared with three control groups (untreated, Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-IgG1, or Trastuzumab only). Mice-bearing OVCAR3 tumors had effective therapy without toxicity with two 0.74 MBq doses of Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-trastuzumab or Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-IgG1. Together, these data indicated that Pb-214/Bi-214 from a Rn-222 generator system was successfully applied for TAT. Pb-214/Bi-214-TCMC-Trastuzumab was effective to treat mouse xenograft models. Advantages of Pb-214/Bi-214 from the novel generator systems include high purity, short half-life for fractioned therapy, and hourly availability from the Rn-222 generator system. This platform technology can be applied for a variety of cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Metebi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Radiological Sciences Department, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathan Kauffman
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Lu Xu
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Satyendra Kumar Singh
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Chelsea Nayback
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jinda Fan
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Kurt R. Zinn
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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5
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Trencsényi G, Csikos C, Képes Z. Targeted Radium Alpha Therapy in the Era of Nanomedicine: In Vivo Results. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:664. [PMID: 38203834 PMCID: PMC10779852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha-particle therapy using radionuclides with alpha emission is a rapidly developing area in modern cancer treatment. To selectively deliver alpha-emitting isotopes to tumors, targeting vectors, including monoclonal antibodies, peptides, small molecule inhibitors, or other biomolecules, are attached to them, which ensures specific binding to tumor-related antigens and cell surface receptors. Although earlier studies have already demonstrated the anti-tumor potential of alpha-emitting radium (Ra) isotopes-Radium-223 and Radium-224 (223/224Ra)-in the treatment of skeletal metastases, their inability to complex with target-specific moieties hindered application beyond bone targeting. To exploit the therapeutic gains of Ra across a wider spectrum of cancers, nanoparticles have recently been embraced as carriers to ensure the linkage of 223/224Ra to target-affine vectors. Exemplified by prior findings, Ra was successfully bound to several nano/microparticles, including lanthanum phosphate, nanozeolites, barium sulfate, hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate, gypsum, celestine, or liposomes. Despite the lengthened tumor retention and the related improvement in the radiotherapeutic effect of 223/224Ra coupled to nanoparticles, the in vivo assessment of the radiolabeled nanoprobes is a prerequisite prior to clinical usage. For this purpose, experimental xenotransplant models of different cancers provide a well-suited scenario. Herein, we summarize the latest achievements with 223/224Ra-doped nanoparticles and related advances in targeted alpha radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.T.); (C.C.)
| | - Csaba Csikos
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.T.); (C.C.)
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.T.); (C.C.)
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6
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Zhang H, Zhu M, Zhao A, Shi T, Xi Q. B7-H3 regulates anti-tumor immunity and promotes tumor development in colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189031. [PMID: 38036107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract and one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become a milestone in many cancer treatments with significant curative effects. However, its therapeutic effect on colorectal cancer is still limited. B7-H3 is a novel immune checkpoint molecule of the B7/CD28 family and is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors including colorectal cancer. B7-H3 was considered as a costimulatory molecule that promotes anti-tumor immunity. However, more and more studies support that B7-H3 is a co-inhibitory molecule and plays an important immunosuppressive role in colorectal cancer. Meanwhile, B7-H3 promoted metabolic reprogramming, invasion and metastasis, and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Therapies targeting B7-H3, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody drug conjugations, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, have great potential to improve the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengxin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anjing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qinhua Xi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Wang T, Zhang K, You F, Ma R, Yang N, Tian S, An G, Yang L. Preconditioning of radiotherapy enhances efficacy of B7-H3-CAR-T in treating solid tumor models. Life Sci 2023; 331:122024. [PMID: 37574043 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Limited efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in treating solid tumors is largely due to the antigen heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). B7-H3 is over-expressed in most kind of solid tumors, making it a promising target for cancer treatment. This study aims to explore the effect of B7-H3-CAR-T therapy combined with radiotherapy in treating solid tumor models. METHODS Irradiated tumor cell lines were prepared and tested. A humanized B7-H3-CAR-T was constructed, and it was evaluated that B7-H3-CAR-T cytotoxicity against solid tumor models with preconditioning of radiotherapy in vitro and vivo. RESULTS Irradiation was found to increase expression level of B7-H3 in pancreatic cancer (PANC-1), colorectal cancer (HCT-15, SW620), acute myelocytic leukemia (AML-5), epidermoid carcinoma (KB) and glioma (U87-MG) human cell lines significantly. 6Gy irradiation was also found to up-regulate tumor-infiltration molecule like intracellular adhesion molecule-1 ICAM-1 or FAS in HCT-15 cells, supporting a possible synergistic enhancement effect of radiotherapy. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that irradiation indeed significantly enhanced the ability of B7-H3-CAR-T to infiltrate and kill tumors. Interestingly in dual-tumor mouse model study, not only tumor cells on irradiation side were eradicated completely, irradiation also enhanced CAR-T tumor-killing ability on non-irradiated side, confirming the abscopal effect of irradiation existed with CAR-T therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that B7-H3-CAR-T therapy combined with radiotherapy may be a promising modality in treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; PersonGen BioTherapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, PR China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Fengtao You
- PersonGen BioTherapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, PR China
| | - Renyuxue Ma
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Nan Yang
- PersonGen BioTherapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, PR China
| | - Shuaiyu Tian
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Gangli An
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; PersonGen BioTherapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, PR China.
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8
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Zhang X, Guo H, Chen J, Xu C, Wang L, Ke Y, Gao Y, Zhang B, Zhu J. Highly proliferative and hypodifferentiated CAR-T cells targeting B7-H3 enhance antitumor activity against ovarian and triple-negative breast cancers. Cancer Lett 2023; 572:216355. [PMID: 37597651 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy is highly effective against hematological neoplasms. However, owing to tumor variability, low antigen specificity, and impermanent viability of CAR-T cells, their use in the treatment of solid tumors is limited. Here, a novel CAR-T cell targeting B7-H3 and incorporating a 4-1BB costimulatory molecule with STAT3-and STAT5-related activation motifs was constructed using lentivirus transduction. B7-H3, a tumor-associated antigen, and its scFv antibody endowed CAR-T cells with tumor-specific targeting capabilities. Moreover, the integration of the trIL2RB and YRHQ motifs stimulated STAT5 and STAT3 in an antigen-dependent manner, inducing a remarkable increase in the proliferation and survival of CAR-T cells via the activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Besides, the proportion of less-differentiated T cells increased among BB-trIL2RB-z(YRHQ) CAR-T cells. Moreover, BB-trIL2RB-z(YRHQ) effectively inhibited ovarian cancer (OC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in vivo at low doses, without high serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and organ toxicity. Therefore, our study proposes a combination of elements for the construction of superior pluripotent CAR-T cells to provide an effective strategy for the treatment of intractable solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Haiyan Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jecho Biopharmaceutical Institute, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chenxiao Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yong Ke
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, MOE, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Jecho Biopharmaceutical Institute, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Hińcza-Nowak K, Kowalik A, Walczyk A, Pałyga I, Gąsior-Perczak D, Płusa A, Kopczyński J, Chrapek M, Góźdź S, Kowalska A. CD276 as a Candidate Target for Immunotherapy in Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10019. [PMID: 37373167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare malignancy, and the treatment of metastatic MTC is challenging. In previous work, immune profiling (RNA-Seq) of MTC identified CD276 as a potential target for immunotherapy. CD276 expression was 3-fold higher in MTC cells than in normal tissues. Paraffin blocks from patients with MTC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to confirm the results of RNA-Seq. Serial sections were incubated with anti-CD276 antibody, and scored according to staining intensity and the percentage of immunoreactive cells. The results showed that CD276 expression was higher in MTC tissues than in controls. A lower percentage of immunoreactive cells correlated with the absence of lateral node metastasis, lower levels of calcitonin after surgery, no additional treatments, and remission. There were statistically significant associations of intensity of immunostaining and percentage of CD276 immunoreactive cells with clinical factors and the course of the disease. These results suggest that targeting this immune checkpoint molecule CD276 could be a promising strategy for the treatment of MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Hińcza-Nowak
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Division of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Walczyk
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-319 Kielce, Poland
| | - Iwona Pałyga
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-319 Kielce, Poland
| | - Danuta Gąsior-Perczak
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-319 Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Płusa
- Surgical Pathology, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Chrapek
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-319 Kielce, Poland
- Clinical Oncology, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Aldona Kowalska
- Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-319 Kielce, Poland
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10
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Getu AA, Tigabu A, Zhou M, Lu J, Fodstad Ø, Tan M. New frontiers in immune checkpoint B7-H3 (CD276) research and drug development. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:43. [PMID: 36859240 PMCID: PMC9979440 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family of proteins, is a key player in cancer progression. This immune checkpoint molecule is selectively expressed in both tumor cells and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. In addition to its immune checkpoint function, B7-H3 has been linked to tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, its drastic difference in protein expression levels between normal and tumor tissues suggests that targeting B7-H3 with drugs would lead to cancer-specific toxicity, minimizing harm to healthy cells. These properties make B7-H3 a promising target for cancer therapy.Recently, important advances in B7-H3 research and drug development have been reported, and these new findings, including its involvement in cellular metabolic reprograming, cancer stem cell enrichment, senescence and obesity, have expanded our knowledge and understanding of this molecule, which is important in guiding future strategies for targeting B7-H3. In this review, we briefly discuss the biology and function of B7-H3 in cancer development. We emphasize more on the latest findings and their underlying mechanisms to reflect the new advances in B7-H3 research. In addition, we discuss the new improvements of B-H3 inhibitors in cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayechew Adera Getu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ,grid.59547.3a0000 0000 8539 4635Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abiye Tigabu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming Zhou
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianrong Lu
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ming Tan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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11
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Nelson BJB, Wilson J, Schultz MK, Andersson JD, Wuest F. High-yield cyclotron production of 203Pb using a sealed 205Tl solid target. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 116-117:108314. [PMID: 36708660 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 203Pb (t1/2 = 51.9 h, 279 keV (81 %)) is a diagnostic SPECT imaging radionuclide ideally suited for theranostic applications in combination with 212Pb for targeted alpha particle therapy. Our objectives were to develop a high-yield solid target 203Pb cyclotron production route using isotopically enriched 205Tl target material and the 205Tl(p,3n)203Pb reaction as an alternative to lower energy production via the 203Tl(p,n)203Pb reaction. METHODS 250 mg 205Tl metal (99.9 % isotopic enrichment) was pressed using a hardened stainless steel die. Aluminum target discs were machined with a central depression and annulus groove. The flattened 205Tl pellet was placed into the central depression of the Al disc and a circle of indium wire was laid in the machined annulus surrounding the pellet. An aluminum foil cover was then pressed onto the target disc to create an airtight bond. Targets were irradiated at 23.3 MeV for up to 516 min on a TR-24 cyclotron at currents up to 60 μA to produce 203Pb via the 205Tl(p,3n)203Pb nuclear reaction. Following a cool-down period of >12 h, the target was removed and 205Tl dissolved in 4 M HNO3. A NEPTIS Mosaic-LC synthesis unit performed automated separation using Eichrom Pb resin, and 203Pb was eluted using 8 M HCl or 1 M NH4OAc. 205Tl was diverted to a vial for recovery in an electrolytic cell. 203Pb product radionuclidic purity was assessed by HPGe gamma spectroscopy, while elemental purity was assessed by ICP-OES. Radiolabeling and stability studies were performed with PSC, TCMC, and DOTA chelators, and 203Pb incorporation was verified by radio-TLC analysis. RESULTS Cyclotron irradiations performed at 60 μA proton beam current and 23.3 MeV (205Tl incident energy) had a 203Pb saturated yield of 4658 ± 62 MBq/μA (n = 3). Automated NEPTIS separation took <4 h from the start of target dissolution to product elution, yielding >85 % decay-corrected [203Pb]PbCl2 with a radionuclidic purity of >99.9 %. Purified [203Pb]PbCl2 yields of up to 12 GBq 203Pb were attained (15.8 GBq at EOB). The [203Pb]PbCl2 and [203Pb]Pb(OAc)2 products contained no detectable radionuclidic impurities besides 201Pb (<0.1 %), and <0.4 ppm stable Pb. 205Tl metal was recovered with a 92 % batch yield. Aliquots of 100 μL [203Pb]Pb(OAc)2 were used for radiolabeling PSC-Bn-NCS, TCMC-NCS, and DOTA-NCS chelators at pH 4.5 and 22 °C for 30 min, with maximum respective molar activities of 461 ± 30 GBq/μmol, 195 ± 37 GBq/μmol, and 83 ± 12 GBq/μmol. PSC, TCMC, and DOTA chelators exhibited >99.9 % incorporation after a 120-hour incubation in human serum at 37 °C. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear medicine centers with access to higher energy cyclotrons can produce large 203Pb activities sufficient for clinical applications, with a convenient separation technique producing highly pure [203Pb]PbCl2 or [203Pb]Pb(OAc)2 for direct radiolabeling. This represents an attractive route to produce 203Pb for diagnostic SPECT imaging alongside 212Pb targeted alpha particle therapy. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Our high-yield 203Pb production technique significantly enhances 203Pb production capabilities to meet the growing preclinical and clinical demand for 203Pb radiopharmaceuticals alongside 212Pb target alpha particle therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce J B Nelson
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - John Wilson
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Michael K Schultz
- Viewpoint Molecular Targeting, Inc., Coralville, IA 52241, USA; Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USA
| | - Jan D Andersson
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada; Edmonton Radiopharmaceutical Center, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.
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12
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B7-H3: A Useful Emerging Diagnostic Marker for Colon Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1523338. [PMID: 36605103 PMCID: PMC9810404 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1523338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Colon cancer is the second most common malignancy causing the majority of cancer-related deaths. B7-H3 concentrations have drawn major interest as possible diagnostic biomarkers of cancer. The aim of this study was to measure the preoperative serum B7-H3 levels and to determine those that are replaced in colon cancer. Method We measured preoperative serum B7-H3 concentrations of 90 patients aged 57-69 years diagnosed with colon cancer and 50 age-matched healthy individuals. B7-H3 levels were determined using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were categorized by stage based on the TNM staging system, and the serum levels of B7-H3 were compared between patients with different TNM stages. Result No statistically significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of age and gender. Preoperative serum B7-H3 levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with colon cancer than in the healthy group (p < 0.001). Preoperative serum B7-H3 concentration of the stage IV patients was significantly higher than those of the patients with stage I and stage II disease. In addition, higher serum B7-H3 levels were associated with lymph node status and distant metastasis in colon cancer. Conclusion We showed that B7-H3 is highly expressed in colon cancer and can be used as a candidate diagnostic biomarker and a potential target in colon cancer in future.
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Wouters R, Westrøm S, Berckmans Y, Riva M, Ceusters J, Bønsdorff TB, Vergote I, Coosemans A. Intraperitoneal alpha therapy with 224Ra-labeled microparticles combined with chemotherapy in an ovarian cancer mouse model. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:995325. [PMID: 36300186 PMCID: PMC9588927 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.995325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel alpha-therapy consisting of 224Ra-labeled calcium carbonate microparticles (224Ra-CaCO3-MP) has been designed to treat micrometastatic peritoneal disease via intraperitoneal (IP) administration. This preclinical study aimed to evaluate its efficacy and tolerability when given as a single treatment or in combination with standard of care chemotherapy regimens, in a syngeneic model of ovarian cancer in immune competent mice. Female C57BL/6 mice bearing ID8-fLuc ovarian cancer were treated with 224Ra-CaCO3-MP 1 day after IP tumor cell inoculation. The activity dosages of 224Ra ranged from 14 to 39 kBq/mouse. Additionally, 224Ra-CaCO3-MP treatment was followed by either carboplatin (80 mg/kg)-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, 1.6 mg/kg) or carboplatin (60 mg/kg)-paclitaxel (10 mg/kg) on day 14 post tumor cell inoculation. All treatments were administered via IP injections. Readouts included survival, clinical signs, and body weight development over time. There was a slight therapeutic benefit after single treatment with 224Ra-CaCO3-MP compared to the vehicle control, with median survival ratios (MSRs) ranging between 1.1 and 1.3. The sequential administration of 224Ra-CaCO3-MP with either carboplatin-paclitaxel or carboplatin-PLD indicated a synergistic effect on overall survival at certain 224Ra activities. Moreover, the combinations tested appeared well tolerated in terms of weight assessment in the first 4 weeks after treatment. Overall, this research supports the further evaluation of 224Ra-CaCO3-MP in patients with ovarian cancer. However, the most optimal chemotherapy regimen to combine with 224Ra-CaCO3-MP should be identified to fully exploit its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Wouters
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Oncoinvent AS, Oslo, Norway,*Correspondence: Roxanne Wouters
| | | | - Yani Berckmans
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matteo Riva
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Neurosurgery, Mont-Godinne Hospital, UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Kokov KV, Egorova BV, German MN, Klabukov ID, Krasheninnikov ME, Larkin-Kondrov AA, Makoveeva KA, Ovchinnikov MV, Sidorova MV, Chuvilin DY. 212Pb: Production Approaches and Targeted Therapy Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010189. [PMID: 35057083 PMCID: PMC8777968 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, targeted alpha therapy has demonstrated its high effectiveness in treating various oncological diseases. Lead-212, with a convenient half-life of 10.64 h, and daughter alpha-emitter short-lived 212Bi (T1/2 = 1 h), provides the possibility for the synthesis and purification of complex radiopharmaceuticals with minimum loss of radioactivity during preparation. As a benefit for clinical implementation, it can be milked from a radionuclide generator in different ways. The main approaches applied for these purposes are considered and described in this review, including chromatographic, solution, and other techniques to isolate 212Pb from its parent radionuclide. Furthermore, molecules used for lead’s binding and radiochemical features of preparation and stability of compounds labeled with 212Pb are discussed. The results of preclinical studies with an estimation of therapeutic and tolerant doses as well as recently initiated clinical trials of targeted radiopharmaceuticals are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V. Kokov
- Physical and Chemical Technology Center, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.K.); (M.N.G.); (A.A.L.-K.); (K.A.M.); (D.Y.C.)
| | - Bayirta V. Egorova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Marina N. German
- Physical and Chemical Technology Center, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.K.); (M.N.G.); (A.A.L.-K.); (K.A.M.); (D.Y.C.)
| | - Ilya D. Klabukov
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 249036 Obninsk, Russia;
| | - Michael E. Krasheninnikov
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Cellular Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Antonius A. Larkin-Kondrov
- Physical and Chemical Technology Center, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.K.); (M.N.G.); (A.A.L.-K.); (K.A.M.); (D.Y.C.)
| | - Kseniya A. Makoveeva
- Physical and Chemical Technology Center, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.K.); (M.N.G.); (A.A.L.-K.); (K.A.M.); (D.Y.C.)
| | - Michael V. Ovchinnikov
- Laboratory of Peptide Synthesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.O.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Maria V. Sidorova
- Laboratory of Peptide Synthesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.O.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Dmitry Y. Chuvilin
- Physical and Chemical Technology Center, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.K.); (M.N.G.); (A.A.L.-K.); (K.A.M.); (D.Y.C.)
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15
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Yang H, Wilson JJ, Orvig C, Li Y, Wilbur DS, Ramogida CF, Radchenko V, Schaffer P. Harnessing α-Emitting Radionuclides for Therapy: Radiolabeling Method Review. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:5-13. [PMID: 34503958 PMCID: PMC8717181 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted α-therapy (TAT) is an emerging powerful tool treating late-stage cancers for which therapeutic options are limited. At the core of TAT are targeted radiopharmaceuticals, where isotopes are paired with targeting vectors to enable tissue- or cell-specific delivery of α-emitters. DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) and DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) are commonly used to chelate metallic radionuclides but have limitations. Significant efforts are underway to develop effective stable chelators for α-emitters and are at various stages of development and community adoption. Isotopes such as 149Tb, 212/213Bi, 212Pb (for 212Bi), 225Ac, and 226/227Th have found suitable chelators, although further studies, especially in vivo studies, are required. For others, including 223Ra, 230U, and, arguably 211At, the ideal chemistry remains elusive. This review summarizes the methods reported to date for the incorporation of 149Tb, 211At, 212/213Bi, 212Pb (for 212Bi), 223Ra, 225Ac, 226/227Th, and 230U into radiopharmaceuticals, with a focus on new discoveries and remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Justin J Wilson
- Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Caterina F Ramogida
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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16
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Jadvar H, Colletti PM. Targeted α-therapy in non-prostate malignancies. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:47-53. [PMID: 33993386 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Progress in unraveling the complex biology of cancer, novel developments in radiochemistry, and availability of relevant α-emitters for targeted therapy have provided innovative approaches to precision cancer management. The approval of 223Ra dichloride for treatment of men with osseous metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer unleashed targeted α-therapy as a safe and effective cancer management strategy. While there is currently active research on new α-therapy regimens for prostate cancer based on the prostate-specific membrane antigen, there is emerging development of radiopharmaceutical therapy with a range of biological targets and α-emitting radioisotopes for malignancies other than the prostate cancer. This article provides a brief review of preclinical and first-in-human studies of targeted α-therapy in the cancers of brain, breast, lung, gastrointestinal, pancreas, ovary, and the urinary bladder. The data on leukemia, melanoma, myeloma, and neuroendocrine tumors will also be presented. It is anticipated that with further research the emerging role of targeted α-therapy in cancer management will be defined and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Jadvar
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St., CSC 102, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Patrick M Colletti
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St., CSC 102, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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17
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A Novel Single-Step-Labeled 212Pb-CaCO 3 Microparticle for Internal Alpha Therapy: Preparation, Stability, and Preclinical Data from Mice. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237130. [PMID: 34885283 PMCID: PMC8658347 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead-212 is recognized as a promising radionuclide for targeted alpha therapy for tumors. Many studies of 212Pb-labeling of various biomolecules through bifunctional chelators have been conducted. Another approach to exploiting the cytotoxic effect is coupling the radionuclide to a microparticle acting as a carrier vehicle, which could be used for treating disseminated cancers in body cavities. Calcium carbonate may represent a suitable material, as it is biocompatible, biodegradable, and easy to synthesize. In this work, we explored 212Pb-labeling of various CaCO3 microparticles and developed a protocol that can be straightforwardly implemented by clinicians. Vaterite microparticles stabilized by pamidronate were effective as 212Pb carriers; labeling yields of ≥98% were achieved, and 212Pb was strongly retained by the particles in an in vitro stability assessment. Moreover, the amounts of 212Pb reaching the kidneys, liver, spleen, and skeleton of mice following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration were very low compared to i.p. injection of unbound 212Pb2+, indicating that CaCO3-bound 212Pb exhibited stability when administered intraperitoneally. Therapeutic efficacy was observed in a model of i.p. ovarian cancer for all the tested doses, ranging from 63 to 430 kBq per mouse. Lead-212-labeled CaCO3 microparticles represent a promising candidate for treating intracavitary cancers.
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18
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Lin Z, Wu Z, Luo W. A Novel Treatment for Ewing's Sarcoma: Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:707211. [PMID: 34566963 PMCID: PMC8461297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.707211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) is a malignant and aggressive tumor type that predominantly occurs in children and adolescents. Traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, while successful in the early disease stages, are ineffective in patients with metastases and relapses who often have poor prognosis. Therefore, new treatments for EWS are needed to improve patient's outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells therapy, a novel adoptive immunotherapy, has been developing over the past few decades, and is increasingly popular in researches and treatments of various cancers. CAR-T cell therapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. Recently, this therapeutic approach has been employed for solid tumors including EWS. In this review, we summarize the safety, specificity and clinical transformation of the treatment targets of EWS, and point out the directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Michelakos T, Kontos F, Barakat O, Maggs L, Schwab JH, Ferrone CR, Ferrone S. B7-H3 targeted antibody-based immunotherapy of malignant diseases. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:587-602. [PMID: 33301369 PMCID: PMC8087627 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Recent advances in immuno-oncology and bioengineering have rekindled the interest in monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based immunotherapies for malignancies. Crucial for their success is the identification of tumor antigens (TAs) that can serve as targets. B7-H3, a member of the B7 ligand family, represents such a TA. Although its exact functions and receptor(s) remain unclear, B7-H3 has predominantly a pro-tumorigenic effect mainly by suppressing the anti-tumor functions of T-cells.Areas covered: Initially we present a historical perspective on TA-specific antibodies for diagnosis and treatment of malignancies. Following a description of the TA requirements to be an attractive antibody-based immunotherapy target, we show that B7-H3 fulfills these criteria. We discuss its structure and functions. In a review and pooled analysis, we describe the limited B7-H3 expression in normal tissues and estimate B7-H3 expression frequency in tumors, tumor-associated vasculature and cancer initiating cells (CICs). Lastly, we discuss the association of B7-H3 expression in tumors with poor prognosis.Expert opinion: B7-H3 is an attractive target for mAb-based cancer immunotherapy. B7-H3-targeting strategies are expected to be highly effective and - importantly - safe. To fully exploit the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of B7-H3, its expression in pre-malignant lesions, serum, metastases, and CICs requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Michelakos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Filippos Kontos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Omar Barakat
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luke Maggs
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph H Schwab
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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White JM, Escorcia FE, Viola NT. Perspectives on metals-based radioimmunotherapy (RIT): moving forward. Theranostics 2021; 11:6293-6314. [PMID: 33995659 PMCID: PMC8120204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is FDA-approved for the clinical management of liquid malignancies, however, its use for solid malignancies remains a challenge. The putative benefit of RIT lies in selective targeting of antigens expressed on the tumor surface using monoclonal antibodies, to systemically deliver cytotoxic radionuclides. The past several decades yielded dramatic improvements in the quality, quantity, recent commercial availability of alpha-, beta- and Auger Electron-emitting therapeutic radiometals. Investigators have created new or improved existing bifunctional chelators. These bifunctional chelators bind radiometals and can be coupled to antigen-specific antibodies. In this review, we discuss approaches to develop radiometal-based RITs, including the selection of radiometals, chelators and antibody platforms (i.e. full-length, F(ab')2, Fab, minibodies, diabodies, scFv-Fc and nanobodies). We cite examples of the performance of RIT in the clinic, describe challenges to its implementation, and offer insights to address gaps toward translation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/metabolism
- Click Chemistry
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Forecasting
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Organ Specificity
- Precision Medicine
- Radiation Tolerance
- Radioimmunotherapy/methods
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Single-Chain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Chain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Single-Domain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Domain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. White
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Nerissa T. Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
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21
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Lichtman EI, Du H, Shou P, Song F, Suzuki K, Ahn S, Li G, Ferrone S, Su L, Savoldo B, Dotti G. Preclinical Evaluation of B7-H3-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3141-3153. [PMID: 33531429 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of safe and effective chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has largely been limited by the concomitant expression of most AML-associated surface antigens on normal myeloid progenitors and by the potential prolonged disruption of normal hematopoiesis by the immunotargeting of these antigens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3) as a potential target for AML-directed CAR T-cell therapy. B7-H3, a coreceptor belonging to the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules, is overexpressed on the leukemic blasts of a significant subset of patients with AML and may overcome these limitations as a potential target antigen for AML-directed CAR-T therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN B7-H3 expression was evaluated on AML cell lines, primary AML blasts, and normal bone marrow progenitor populations. The antileukemia efficacy of B7-H3-specific CAR-T cells (B7-H3.CAR-T) was evaluated using in vitro coculture models and xenograft models of disseminated AML, including patient-derived xenograft models. The potential hematopoietic toxicity of B7-H3.CAR-Ts was evaluated in vitro using colony formation assays and in vivo in a humanized mouse model. RESULTS B7-H3 is expressed on monocytic AML cell lines and on primary AML blasts from patients with monocytic AML, but is not significantly expressed on normal bone marrow progenitor populations. B7-H3.CAR-Ts exhibit efficient antigen-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro and in xenograft models of AML, and are unlikely to cause unacceptable hematopoietic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS B7-H3 is a promising target for AML-directed CAR-T therapy. B7-H3.CAR-Ts control AML and have a favorable safety profile in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eben I Lichtman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hongwei Du
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Peishun Shou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Feifei Song
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kyogo Suzuki
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sarah Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Guangming Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lishan Su
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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22
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Wang MY, Qi B, Wang F, Lin ZR, Li MY, Yin WJ, Zhu YY, He L, Yu Y, Yang F, Liu JQ, Chen DP. PBK phosphorylates MSL1 to elicit epigenetic modulation of CD276 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:9. [PMID: 33431797 PMCID: PMC7801519 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-00293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CD276 (also known as B7-H3, an immune checkpoint molecule) is aberrantly overexpressed in many cancers. However, the upregulation mechanism and in particular, whether oncogenic signaling has a role, is unclear. Here we demonstrate that a pro-oncogenic kinase PBK, the expression of which is associated with immune infiltration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), stimulates the expression of CD276 epigenetically. Mechanistically, PBK phosphorylates MSL1 and enhances the interaction between MSL1 and MSL2, MSL3, and KAT8, the components of the MSL complex. As a consequence, PBK promotes the enrichment of MSL complex on CD276 promoter, leading to the increased histone H4 K16 acetylation and the activation of CD276 transcription. In addition, we show that CD276 is highly upregulated and associated with immune infiltrating levels in NPC. Collectively, our findings describe a novel PBK/MSL1/CD276 signaling axis, which may play an important role in immune evasion of NPC and may be targeted for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yi Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Quan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dong-Ping Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510245, Guangzhou, China.
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23
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Kontos F, Michelakos T, Kurokawa T, Sadagopan A, Schwab JH, Ferrone CR, Ferrone S. B7-H3: An Attractive Target for Antibody-based Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:1227-1235. [PMID: 33051306 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The recent impressive clinical responses to antibody-based immunotherapy have prompted the identification of clinically relevant tumor antigens that can serve as targets in solid tumors. Among them, B7-H3, a member of the B7 ligand family, represents an attractive target for antibody-based immunotherapy, it is overexpressed on differentiated malignant cells and cancer-initiating cells, with limited heterogeneity, and high frequency (60% of 25,000 tumor samples) in many different cancer types, but has a limited expression at low level in normal tissues. In nonmalignant tissues, B7-H3 has a predominantly inhibitory role in adaptive immunity, suppressing T-cell activation and proliferation. In malignant tissues, B7-H3 inhibits tumor antigen-specific immune responses, leading to a protumorigenic effect. B7-H3 also has nonimmunologic protumorigenic functions, such as promoting migration and invasion, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, as well as affecting tumor cell metabolism. As a result, B7-H3 expression in tumors is associated with poor prognosis. Although experimental B7-H3 silencing reduces cancer cell malignant potential, there has been limited emphasis on the development of B7-H3-blocking antibodies, most likely because the B7-H3 receptor remains unknown. Instead, many antibody-based strategies utilizing distinct effector mechanisms to target B7-H3-expressing cancer cells have been developed. These strategies have demonstrated potent antitumor activity and acceptable safety profiles in preclinical models. Ongoing clinical trials are assessing their safety and efficacy in patients. Identification of the B7-H3 receptor will improve our understanding of its role in tumor immunity, and will suggest rational strategies to develop blocking antibodies, which may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippos Kontos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Theodoros Michelakos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomohiro Kurokawa
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ananthan Sadagopan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph H Schwab
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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24
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Zhao Q, Chen YX, Wu QN, Zhang C, Liu M, Wang YN, Feng YF, Hu JJ, Fu JH, Yang H, Qi JJ, Wang ZX, Lu YX, Sheng H, Liu ZX, Zuo ZX, Zheng J, Yun JP, Bei JX, Jia WH, Lin DX, Xu RH, Wang F. Systematic analysis of the transcriptome in small-cell carcinoma of the oesophagus reveals its immune microenvironment. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1173. [PMID: 33033616 PMCID: PMC7536114 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although the genomic landscape of small-cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (SCCE) has been dissected, its transcriptome-level aberration and immune microenvironment status are unknown. Methods Using ultra-deep whole transcriptome sequencing, we analysed the expression profile of nine paired SCCE samples and compared the transcriptome with public transcriptomic data set of normal oesophageal mucosa and other cancer types. Based on the transcriptome data, the immune signatures were investigated. The genomic data of 55 SCCE samples were also applied for immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) biomarker evaluation including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, tumor mutation burden (TMB) and neoantigen burden (TNB). Also, we evaluated the CD8, CD68 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in 62 retrospective SCCE samples with IHC assay. Results Differential expression analysis revealed that the cell cycle, p53, and Wnt pathways are significantly deregulated in SCCE. Immune microenvironment analysis showed that high leucocyte infiltration and adaptive immune resistance did occur in certain individuals, while the majority showed a relatively suppressive immune status. Immune checkpoints such as CD276 and LAG-3 were upregulated, and higher M2 macrophage infiltration in tumor tissues. Furthermore, normal tissues adjacent to the tumors of SCCE presented a more activated inflammatory status than tumor-free healthy controls. These observations showed that ICBT might benefit SCCE patients. As the critical biomarker of ICBT, TMB of SCCE was 3.64 with the predictive objective response rate 13.2%, while the PD-L1-positive rate was 43%. Conclusions Our study systematically characterized the immune microenvironment in small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus and provided evidence that several patients with SCCE may benefit from immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yan-Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Qi-Nian Wu
- Department of Pathology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Pathology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Ying-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yan-Fen Feng
- Department of Pathology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Jia-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jian-Hua Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jing-Jing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yun-Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Dong-Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
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25
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Flem-Karlsen K, Fodstad Ø, Nunes-Xavier CE. B7-H3 Immune Checkpoint Protein in Human Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4062-4086. [PMID: 31099317 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190517115515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3 belongs to the B7 family of immune checkpoint proteins, which are important regulators of the adaptive immune response and emerging key players in human cancer. B7-H3 is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of tumor cells, antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells, tumor endothelial cells, but can also be present in intra- and extracellular vesicles. Additionally, B7-H3 may be present as a circulating soluble isoform in serum and other body fluids. B7-H3 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types, in correlation with poor prognosis. B7-H3 is a promising new immunotherapy target for anti-cancer immune response, as well as a potential biomarker. Besides its immunoregulatory role, B7-H3 has intrinsic pro-tumorigenic activities related to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastatic capacity and anti-cancer drug resistance. B7-H3 has also been found to regulate key metabolic enzymes, promoting the high glycolytic capacity of cancer cells. B7-H3 receptors are still not identified, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying B7-H3 functions. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of B7-H3 in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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26
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Hapuarachchige S, Artemov D. Theranostic Pretargeting Drug Delivery and Imaging Platforms in Cancer Precision Medicine. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1131. [PMID: 32793481 PMCID: PMC7387661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Theranostics are nano-size or molecular-level agents serving for both diagnosis and therapy. Structurally, they are drug delivery systems integrated with molecular or targeted imaging agents. Theranostics are becoming popular because they are targeted therapeutics and can be used with no or minimal changes for diagnostic imaging to aid in precision medicine. Thus, there is a close relation between theranostics and image-guided therapy (IGT), and theranostics are actually a subclass of IGT in which both therapeutic and imaging functionalities are attributed to a single platform. An important theranostics strategy is biological pretargeting. In pretargeted IGT, first, the target is identified by a target-specific natural or synthetic bioligand followed by a nano-scale or molecular drug delivery component, which form therapeutic clusters by in situ conjugation reactions. If pretargeted drug delivery platforms are labeled with multimodal imaging probes, they can be used as theranostics for both diagnostic imaging and therapy. Optical and nuclear imaging techniques have mostly been used in proof-of-concept studies with pretargeted theranostics. The concept of pretargeting in theranostics is comparatively novel and generally requires a confirmed overexpression of surface receptors on targeted cells/tissue. In addition, the receptors should have natural or synthetic bioligands to be used as pretargeting components. Therefore, applications of pretargeting theranostics are still limited to several cancer types, which overexpress cell-surface markers on the target cancer cells. In this review, recent discoveries of pretargeting theranostics in breast, ovarian, prostate, and colorectal cancers are discussed to highlight main strengths and potential limitations the strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudath Hapuarachchige
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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27
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Melaiu O, Lucarini V, Giovannoni R, Fruci D, Gemignani F. News on immune checkpoint inhibitors as immunotherapy strategies in adult and pediatric solid tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 79:18-43. [PMID: 32659257 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown unprecedented benefits in various adult cancers, and this success has prompted the exploration of ICI therapy even in childhood malignances. Although the use of ICIs as individual agents has achieved disappointing response rates, combinational therapies are likely to promise better results. However, only a subset of patients experienced prolonged clinical effects, thus suggesting the need to identify robust bio-markers that predict individual clinical response or resistance to ICI therapy as the main challenge. In this review, we focus on how the use of ICIs in adult cancers can be translated into pediatric malignances. We discuss the physiological mechanism of action of each IC, including PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 and the new emerging ones, LAG-3, TIM-3, TIGIT, B7-H3, BTLA and IDO-1, and evaluate their prognostic value in both adult and childhood tumors. Furthermore, we offer an overview of preclinical models and clinical trials currently under investigation to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies in these patients. Finally, we outline the main predictive factors that influence the efficacy of ICIs, in order to lay the basis for the development of a pan-cancer immunogenomic model, able to direct young patients towards more specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Melaiu
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucarini
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Doriana Fruci
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
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28
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Castillo Seoane D, de Saint-Hubert M, Crabbe M, Struelens L, Koole M. Targeted alpha therapy: a critical review of translational dosimetry research with emphasis on actinium-225. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:265-277. [PMID: 32441067 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a general overview of the current achievements and challenges in translational dosimetry for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). The concept of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT) is described with an overview of its clinical applicability and the added value of TAT is discussed. For TAT, we focused on actinium-225 (225Ac) as an example for alpha particle emitting radionuclides and their features, such as limited range within tissue and high linear energy transfer, which make alpha particle emissions more effective in targeted killing of tumour cells compared to beta radiation. Starting with the state-of-the-art dosimetry for TRNT and TAT, we then describe the challenges that still need to be met in order to move to a personalized dosimetry approach for TAT. Specifically for 225Ac, we discuss the recoiled daughter effect which may provoke significant damage to healthy tissue or organs and should be considered. Next, a broad overview is given of the pre-clinical research on 225Ac-TAT with an extensive description of tools which are only available in a pre-clinical setting and their added value. In addition, we review the preclinical biodistribution and dosimetry studies that have been performed on TAT-agents and more specifically of 225Ac and its multiple progeny, and describe their potential role to better characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of TAT-agents and to optimize the use of theranostic approaches for dosimetry. Finally, we discuss the support pre-clinical studies may provide in understanding dose-effect relationships, linking radiation dose quantities to biological endpoints and even moving away from macro- to microdosimetry. As such, the translation of pre-clinical findings may provide valuable information and new approaches for improved clinical dosimetry, thus paving the way to personalized TAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Castillo Seoane
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium - .,Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium -
| | - Marijke de Saint-Hubert
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Melissa Crabbe
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Lara Struelens
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Michel Koole
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Jadvar H. Targeted α-Therapy in Cancer Management: Synopsis of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:475-484. [PMID: 32202923 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of 223Ra dichloride (223RaCl2) in 2013 was a principal event in introducing targeted α-therapy as a form of safe and effective management strategy in cancer. There is an increasing interest in research and development of new targeted α-therapy agents spearheaded by advancements in cancer biology, radiochemistry, and availability of clinically relevant α particles. There are active clinical studies on sequencing or combining 223RaCl2 with other drug regimens in the setting of metastatic prostate cancer and in other cancers such as osteosarcoma and bone-dominant breast cancer. Targeted α-therapy strategy is also being actively explored through many preclinical and few early clinical studies using 225Ac, 213Bi, 211At, 227Th, and 212Pb. Investigations incorporating 225Ac are more robust and active at this time with promising results. The author provide a brief synopsis of the preclinical and clinical studies in the rapidly evolving field of targeted α-therapy in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Jadvar
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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30
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Maaland AF, Saidi A, Torgue J, Heyerdahl H, Stallons TAR, Kolstad A, Dahle J. Targeted alpha therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the anti-CD37 radioimmunoconjugate 212Pb-NNV003. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230526. [PMID: 32187209 PMCID: PMC7080250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapse of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after standard of care treatment is common and new therapies are needed. The targeted alpha therapy with 212Pb-NNV003 presented in this study combines cytotoxic α-particles from 212Pb, with the anti-CD37 antibody NNV003, targeting B-cell malignancies. The goal of this study was to explore 212Pb-NNV003 for treatment of CD37 positive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in preclinical mouse models.An anti-proliferative effect of 212Pb-NNV003 was observed in both chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (MEC-2) and Burkitt's lymphoma (Daudi) cells in vitro. In biodistribution experiments, accumulation of 212Pb-NNV003 was 23%ID/g and 16%ID/g in Daudi and MEC-2 tumours 24 h post injection. In two intravenous animal models 90% of the mice treated with a single injection of 212Pb-NNV003 were alive 28 weeks post cell injection. Median survival times of control groups were 5-9 weeks. There was no significant difference between different specific activities of 212Pb-NNV003 with regards to therapeutic effect or toxicity. For therapeutically effective activities, a transient haematological toxicity was observed. This study shows that 212Pb-NNV003 is effective and safe in preclinical models of CD37 positive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, warranting future clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astri Fjelde Maaland
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Julien Torgue
- Orano Med LLC, Plano, Texas, United States of America
| | | | | | - Arne Kolstad
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Terraneo N, Jacob F, Dubrovska A, Grünberg J. Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:319. [PMID: 32257947 PMCID: PMC7090172 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies. Due to the lack of specific symptoms and screening methods, this disease is usually diagnosed only at an advanced and metastatic stage. The gold-standard treatment for OC patients consists of debulking surgery followed by taxane combined with platinum-based chemotherapy. Most patients show complete clinical remission after first-line therapy, but the majority of them ultimately relapse, developing radio- and chemoresistant tumors. It is now proposed that the cause of recurrence and reduced therapy efficacy is the presence of small populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells are usually resistant against conventional cancer therapies and for this reason, effective targeted therapies for the complete eradication of CSCs are urgently needed. In this review article, we highlight the mechanisms of CSC therapy resistance, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and novel therapeutic strategies for ovarian CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastassja Terraneo
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Francis Jacob
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Grünberg
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
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Expression and Clinical Significance of Immune Checkpoint Regulator B7-H3 (CD276) in Human Meningioma. World Neurosurg 2020; 135:e12-e18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kasten BB, Ferrone S, Zinn KR, Buchsbaum DJ. B7-H3-targeted Radioimmunotherapy of Human Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4016-4038. [PMID: 30836909 PMCID: PMC8668195 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190228120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is an attractive approach to selectively localize therapeutic radionuclides to malignant cells within primary and metastatic tumors while sparing normal tissues from the effects of radiation. Many human malignancies express B7-H3 on the tumor cell surface, while expression on the majority of normal tissues is limited, presenting B7-H3 as a candidate target for RIT. This review provides an overview of the general principles of targeted RIT and discusses publications that have used radiolabeled B7-H3-targeted antibodies for RIT of cancer in preclinical or clinical studies. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for publications through June 2018 using a combination of terms including "B7-H3", "radioimmunotherapy", "targeted", "radiotherapy", and "cancer". After screening search results for relevancy, ten publications were included for discussion. RESULTS B7-H3-targeted RIT studies to date range from antibody development and assessment of novel Radioimmunoconjugates (RICs) in animal models of human cancer to phase II/III trials in humans. The majority of clinical studies have used B7-H3-targeted RICs for intra- compartment RIT of central nervous system malignancies. The results of these studies have indicated high tolerability and favorable efficacy outcomes, supporting further assessment of B7-H3-targeted RIT in larger trials. Preclinical B7-H3-targeted RIT studies have also shown encouraging therapeutic outcomes in a variety of solid malignancies. CONCLUSION B7-H3-targeted RIT studies over the last 15 years have demonstrated feasibility for clinical development and support future assessment in a broader array of human malignancies. Future directions worthy of exploration include strategies that combine B7-H3- targeted RIT with chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B. Kasten
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Kurt R. Zinn
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Donald J. Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A
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Li M, Sagastume EE, Lee D, McAlister D, DeGraffenreid AJ, Olewine KR, Graves S, Copping R, Mirzadeh S, Zimmerman BE, Larsen R, Johnson FL, Schultz MK. 203/212Pb Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals for Image-guided Radionuclide Therapy for Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:7003-7031. [PMID: 32720598 PMCID: PMC10613023 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200727190423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-targeted image-guided Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) is increasingly recognized as a promising approach to cancer treatment. In particular, the potential for clinical translation of receptor-targeted alpha-particle therapy is receiving considerable attention as an approach that can improve outcomes for cancer patients. Higher Linear-energy Transfer (LET) of alpha-particles (compared to beta particles) for this purpose results in an increased incidence of double-strand DNA breaks and improved-localized cancer-cell damage. Recent clinical studies provide compelling evidence that alpha-TRT has the potential to deliver a significantly more potent anti-cancer effect compared with beta-TRT. Generator-produced 212Pb (which decays to alpha emitters 212Bi and 212Po) is a particularly promising radionuclide for receptor-targeted alpha-particle therapy. A second attractive feature that distinguishes 212Pb alpha-TRT from other available radionuclides is the possibility to employ elementallymatched isotope 203Pb as an imaging surrogate in place of the therapeutic radionuclide. As direct non-invasive measurement of alpha-particle emissions cannot be conducted using current medical scanner technology, the imaging surrogate allows for a pharmacologically-inactive determination of the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of TRT candidate ligands in advance of treatment. Thus, elementally-matched 203Pb labeled radiopharmaceuticals can be used to identify patients who may benefit from 212Pb alpha-TRT and apply appropriate dosimetry and treatment planning in advance of the therapy. In this review, we provide a brief history on the use of these isotopes for cancer therapy; describe the decay and chemical characteristics of 203/212Pb for their use in cancer theranostics and methodologies applied for production and purification of these isotopes for radiopharmaceutical production. In addition, a medical physics and dosimetry perspective is provided that highlights the potential of 212Pb for alpha-TRT and the expected safety for 203Pb surrogate imaging. Recent and current preclinical and clinical studies are presented. The sum of the findings herein and observations presented provide evidence that the 203Pb/212Pb theranostic pair has a promising future for use in radiopharmaceutical theranostic therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshi Li
- Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Viewpoint Molecular Targeting, Inc., Coralville, IA USA
| | | | - Dongyoul Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stephen Graves
- Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Roy Copping
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, The US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge TN USA
| | - Saed Mirzadeh
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, The US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge TN USA
| | - Brian E. Zimmerman
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Frances L. Johnson
- Viewpoint Molecular Targeting, Inc., Coralville, IA USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
| | - Michael K. Schultz
- Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Viewpoint Molecular Targeting, Inc., Coralville, IA USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Tafreshi NK, Doligalski ML, Tichacek CJ, Pandya DN, Budzevich MM, El-Haddad G, Khushalani NI, Moros EG, McLaughlin ML, Wadas TJ, Morse DL. Development of Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy for Solid Tumors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234314. [PMID: 31779154 PMCID: PMC6930656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles (cytotoxic payload) to tumors by chelation to monoclonal antibodies, peptides or small molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens or cell-surface receptors. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short range of alpha (α) particles in tissue, cancer cells can be significantly damaged while causing minimal toxicity to surrounding healthy cells. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of TAT in the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current consensus regarding the properties of the α-particle-emitting radionuclides that are potentially relevant for use in the clinic; the TAT-mediated mechanisms responsible for cell death; the different classes of targeting moieties and radiometal chelators available for TAT development; current approaches to calculating radiation dosimetry for TATs; and lead optimization via medicinal chemistry to improve the TAT radiopharmaceutical properties. We have also summarized the use of TATs in pre-clinical and clinical studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges K. Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Michael L. Doligalski
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Christopher J. Tichacek
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Darpan N. Pandya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - Mikalai M. Budzevich
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Ghassan El-Haddad
- Depts. of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Nikhil I. Khushalani
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Eduardo G. Moros
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark L. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV & Modulation Therapeutics Inc., 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Thaddeus J. Wadas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - David L. Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-745-8948; Fax: +1-813-745-8375
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Mohtashami Z, Esmaili Z, Vakilinezhad MA, Seyedjafari E, Akbari Javar H. Pharmaceutical implants: classification, limitations and therapeutic applications. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 25:116-132. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1682607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mohtashami
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Esmaili
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Akbari Javar
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alpha-Emitters and Targeted Alpha Therapy in Oncology: from Basic Science to Clinical Investigations. Target Oncol 2019; 13:189-203. [PMID: 29423595 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-emitters are radionuclides that decay through the emission of high linear energy transfer α-particles and possess favorable pharmacologic profiles for cancer treatment. When coupled with monoclonal antibodies, peptides, small molecules, or nanoparticles, the excellent cytotoxic capability of α-particle emissions has generated a strong interest in exploring targeted α-therapy in the pre-clinical setting and more recently in clinical trials in oncology. Multiple obstacles have been overcome by researchers and clinicians to accelerate the development of targeted α-therapies, especially with the recent improvement in isotope production and purification, but also with the development of innovative strategies for optimized targeting. Numerous studies have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the targeted α-therapy. Radium-223 (223Ra) dichloride (Xofigo®) is the first α-emitter to have received FDA approval for the treatment of prostate cancer with metastatic bone lesions. There is a significant increase in the number of clinical trials in oncology using several radionuclides such as Actinium-225 (225Ac), Bismuth-213 (213Bi), Lead-212 (212Pb), Astatine (211At) or Radium-223 (223Ra) assessing their safety and preliminary activity. This review will cover their therapeutic application as well as summarize the investigations that provide the foundation for further clinical development.
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38
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Ferrier MG, Radchenko V, Wilbur DS. Radiochemical aspects of alpha emitting radionuclides for medical application. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of α-emitting radionuclides in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) holds great potential for treatment of human diseases, such as cancer, due to the short pathlength and high potency of the α particle, which can localize damage to targeted cells while minimizing effects to healthy surrounding tissues. In this review several potential α-emitting radionuclides having emission properties applicable to TAT are discussed from a radiochemical point of view. Overviews of production, radiochemical separation and chelation aspects relative to developing TAT radiopharmaceuticals are provided for the α-emitting radionuclides (and their generator systems) 211At, 224Ra/212Pb/212Bi, 225Ac/213Bi, 227Th/223Ra, 230U/226Th, 149Tb and 255Fm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline G. Ferrier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiochemistry Division , University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF , Vancouver, BC , Canada
- Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - D. Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiochemistry Division , University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
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Flem-Karlsen K, Tekle C, Øyjord T, Flørenes VA, Mælandsmo GM, Fodstad Ø, Nunes-Xavier CE. p38 MAPK activation through B7-H3-mediated DUSP10 repression promotes chemoresistance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5839. [PMID: 30967582 PMCID: PMC6456585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42303-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoregulatory protein B7-H3 is involved in the oncogenic and metastatic potential of cancer cells, as well as in drug resistance. Resistance to conventional chemotherapy is an important aspect of melanoma treatment, and a better understanding of how B7-H3 enhances drug resistance may lead to the development of more effective therapies. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents dacarbazine (DTIC) and cisplatin in sensitive and drug resistant melanoma cells with knockdown expression of B7-H3. We found that knockdown of B7-H3 increased in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of melanoma cells to the chemotherapeutic agents dacarbazine (DTIC) and cisplatin, in parallel with a decrease in p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Importantly, in B7-H3 knockdown cells we observed an increase in the expression of dual-specific MAP kinase phosphatase (MKP) DUSP10, a MKP known to dephosphorylate and inactivate p38 MAPK. DUSP10 knockdown by siRNA resulted in a reversion of the increased DTIC-sensitivity seen in B7-H3 knockdown cells. Our findings highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of combining chemotherapy with B7-H3 inhibition, and indicate that B7-H3 mediated chemoresistance in melanoma cells is driven through a mechanism involving DUSP10-mediated inactivation of p38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christina Tekle
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tove Øyjord
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vivi A Flørenes
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunhild M Mælandsmo
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
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40
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Du H, Hirabayashi K, Ahn S, Kren NP, Montgomery SA, Wang X, Tiruthani K, Mirlekar B, Michaud D, Greene K, Herrera SG, Xu Y, Sun C, Chen Y, Ma X, Ferrone CR, Pylayeva-Gupta Y, Yeh JJ, Liu R, Savoldo B, Ferrone S, Dotti G. Antitumor Responses in the Absence of Toxicity in Solid Tumors by Targeting B7-H3 via Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:221-237.e8. [PMID: 30753824 PMCID: PMC6645919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The high expression across multiple tumor types and restricted expression in normal tissues make B7-H3 an attractive target for immunotherapy. We generated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B7-H3 (B7-H3.CAR-Ts) and found that B7-H3.CAR-Ts controlled the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, ovarian cancer and neuroblastoma in vitro and in orthotopic and metastatic xenograft mouse models, which included patient-derived xenograft. We also found that 4-1BB co-stimulation promotes lower PD-1 expression in B7-H3.CAR-Ts, and superior antitumor activity when targeting tumor cells that constitutively expressed PD-L1. We took advantage of the cross-reactivity of the B7-H3.CAR with murine B7-H3, and found that B7-H3.CAR-Ts significantly controlled tumor growth in a syngeneic tumor model without evident toxicity. These findings support the clinical development of B7-H3.CAR-Ts.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B7 Antigens/genetics
- B7 Antigens/immunology
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- CD28 Antigens/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coculture Techniques
- Female
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/adverse effects
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neuroblastoma/genetics
- Neuroblastoma/immunology
- Neuroblastoma/pathology
- Neuroblastoma/therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/immunology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Du
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Koichi Hirabayashi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sarah Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nancy Porterfield Kren
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie Ann Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Karthik Tiruthani
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bhalchandra Mirlekar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniel Michaud
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kevin Greene
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Silvia Gabriela Herrera
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chuang Sun
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuhui Chen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Cristina Rosa Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Milenic DE, Kim YS, Baidoo KE, Wong KJ, Barkley R, Delgado J, Brechbiel MW. Exploration of a F(ab') 2 Fragment as the Targeting Agent of α-Radiation Therapy: A Comparison of the Therapeutic Benefit of Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Administered Radioimmunotherapy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:182-193. [PMID: 29916748 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Refinement of treatment regimens enlisting targeted α-radiation therapy (TAT) is an ongoing effort. Among the variables to consider are the target molecule, radionuclide, dosage, and administration route. The panitumumab F(ab')2 fragment targeting epidermal growth factor receptor tolerated modification with the TCMC chelate as well as radiolabeling with 203Pb or 212Pb. Good specific activity was attained when the immunoconjugate was labeled with 212Pb (9.6 ± 1.4 mCi/mg). Targeting of LS-174T tumor xenografts with the 203Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2 demonstrated comparable amounts of uptake to the similarly radiolabeled panitumumab IgG. A dose escalation study was performed to determine an effective working dose for both intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) injections of 212Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2. Therapeutic efficacy, with modest toxicity, was observed with 30 μCi given i.p. Results for the i.v. administration were not as definitive and the experiment was repeated with a higher dose range. From this study, 20 μCi given i.v. was selected as the effective working dose. A subsequent therapy study combined gemcitabine or paclitaxel with i.v. 212Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2, which increased the median survival (MS) of LS-174T tumor-bearing mice to 208 and 239 d, respectively. Meanwhile, the MS of mice treated with i.v. 212Pb-panitumumab F(ab')2 alone was 61 and 11 d for the untreated group of mice. In conclusion, the panitumumab F(ab')2 fragment whether given by i.p. or i.v. injection, is a viable candidate as a delivery vector for TAT of disseminated i.p. disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Milenic
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Young-Seung Kim
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kwamena E Baidoo
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karen J Wong
- 2 Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rachel Barkley
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jose Delgado
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin W Brechbiel
- 1 Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
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Flem-Karlsen K, Fodstad Ø, Tan M, Nunes-Xavier CE. B7-H3 in Cancer - Beyond Immune Regulation. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:401-404. [PMID: 29860983 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
B7-H3, a member of the B7 family of immunoregulatory proteins, is overexpressed in cancer and promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. We discuss here the involvement of B7-H3 in cancer that goes beyond its immune regulatory function, and discuss the potential of B7-H3 as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Fodstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ming Tan
- Center for Cell Death and Metabolism Research, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
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Kasten BB, Oliver PG, Kim H, Fan J, Ferrone S, Zinn KR, Buchsbaum DJ. 212Pb-Labeled Antibody 225.28 Targeted to Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4 for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy in Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040925. [PMID: 29561763 PMCID: PMC5979285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. There is a clinical need for effective, targeted therapy strategies that destroy both differentiated TNBC cells and TNBC cancer initiating cells (CICs), as the latter are implicated in the metastasis and recurrence of TNBC. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is overexpressed on differentiated tumor cells and CICs obtained from TNBC patient specimens, suggesting that CSPG4 may be a clinically relevant target for the imaging and therapy of TNBC. The purpose of this study was to determine whether α-particle radioimmunotherapy (RIT) targeting TNBC cells using the CSPG4-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 225.28 as a carrier was effective at eliminating TNBC tumors in preclinical models. To this end, mAb 225.28 labeled with 212Pb (212Pb-225.28) as a source of α-particles for RIT was used for in vitro Scatchard assays and clonogenic survival assays with human TNBC cells (SUM159 and 2LMP) grown as adherent cells or non-adherent CIC-enriched mammospheres. Immune-deficient mice bearing orthotopic SUM159 or 2LMP xenografts were injected i.v. with the targeted (225.28) or irrelevant isotype-matched control (F3-C25) mAbs, labeled with 99mTc, 125I, or 212Pb for in vivo imaging, biodistribution, or tumor growth inhibition studies. 212Pb-225.28 bound to adherent SUM159 and 2LMP cells and to CICs from SUM159 and 2LMP mammospheres with a mean affinity of 0.5 nM. Nearly ten times more binding sites per cell were present on SUM159 cells and CICs compared with 2LMP cells. 212Pb-225.28 was six to seven times more effective than 212Pb-F3-C25 at inhibiting SUM159 cell and CIC clonogenic survival (p < 0.05). Radiolabeled mAb 225.28 showed significantly higher uptake than radiolabeled mAb F3-C25 in SUM159 and 2LMP xenografts (p < 0.05), and the uptake of 212Pb-225.28 in TNBC xenografts was correlated with target epitope expression. 212Pb-225.28 caused dose-dependent growth inhibition of SUM159 xenografts; 0.30 MBq 212Pb-225.28 was significantly more effective than 0.33 MBq 212Pb-F3-C25 at inhibiting tumor growth (p < 0.01). These results suggest that CSPG4-specific 212Pb-225.28 is a useful reagent for RIT of CSPG4-expressing tumors, including metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Kasten
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Patsy G Oliver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Harrison Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Jinda Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Kurt R Zinn
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Westrøm S, Malenge M, Jorstad IS, Napoli E, Bruland ØS, Bønsdorff TB, Larsen RH. Ra-224 labeling of calcium carbonate microparticles for internal α-therapy: Preparation, stability, and biodistribution in mice. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:472-486. [PMID: 29380410 PMCID: PMC6001669 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Internal therapy with α‐emitters should be well suited for micrometastatic disease. Radium‐224 emits multiple α‐particles through its decay and has a convenient 3.6 days of half‐life. Despite its attractive properties, the use of 224Ra has been limited to bone‐seeking applications because it cannot be stably bound to a targeting molecule. Alternative delivery systems for 224Ra are therefore of considerable interest. In this study, calcium carbonate microparticles are proposed as carriers for 224Ra, designed for local therapy of disseminated cancers in cavitary regions, such as peritoneal carcinomatosis. Calcium carbonate microparticles were radiolabeled by precipitation of 224Ra on the particle surface, resulting in high labeling efficiencies for both 224Ra and daughter 212Pb and retention of more than 95% of these nuclides for up to 1 week in vitro. The biodistribution after intraperitoneal administration of the 224Ra‐labeled CaCO3 microparticles in immunodeficient mice revealed that the radioactivity mainly remained in the peritoneal cavity. In addition, the systemic distribution of 224Ra was found to be strongly dependent on the amount of administered microparticles, with a reduced skeletal uptake of 224Ra with increasing dose. The results altogether suggest that the 224Ra‐labeled CaCO3 microparticles have promising properties for use as a localized internal α‐therapy of cavitary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Westrøm
- Oncoinvent AS, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital,, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Elisa Napoli
- Oncoinvent AS, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind S Bruland
- Oncoinvent AS, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Hoosen Y, Pradeep P, Kumar P, du Toit LC, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Nanotechnology and Glycosaminoglycans: Paving the Way Forward for Ovarian Cancer Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E731. [PMID: 29510526 PMCID: PMC5877592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has gained a great deal of attention due to its aggressive proliferative capabilities, high death rates and poor treatment outcomes, rendering the disease the ultimate lethal gynaecological cancer. Nanotechnology provides a promising avenue to combat this malignancy by the niche fabrication of optimally-structured nanomedicines that ensure potent delivery of chemotherapeutics to OC, employing nanocarriers to act as "intelligent" drug delivery vehicles, functionalized with active targeting approaches for precision delivery of chemotherapeutics to overexpressed biomarkers on cancer cells. Recently, much focus has been implemented to optimize these active targeting mechanisms for treatment/diagnostic purposes employing nanocarriers. This two-part article aims to review the latest advances in active target-based OC interventions, where the impact of the newest antibody, aptamer and folate functionalization on OC detection and treatment is discussed in contrast to the limitations of this targeting mechanism. Furthermore, we discuss the latest advances in nanocarrier based drug delivery in OC, highlighting their commercial/clinical viability of these systems beyond the realms of research. Lastly, in the second section of this review, we comprehensively discussed a focus shift in OC targeting from the well-studied OC cells to the vastly neglected extracellular matrix and motivate the potential for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as a more focused extracellular molecular target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasar Hoosen
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Priyamvada Pradeep
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
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Westrøm S, Bønsdorff TB, Bruland ØS, Larsen RH. Therapeutic Effect of α-Emitting 224Ra-Labeled Calcium Carbonate Microparticles in Mice with Intraperitoneal Ovarian Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:259-267. [PMID: 29413758 PMCID: PMC5789152 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer patients with chemotherapy-resistant residual microscopic disease in the peritoneal cavity have a considerable need for new treatment options. Alpha-emitting radionuclides injected intraperitoneally may be an attractive therapeutic option in this situation as they are highly cytotoxic, while their short range in tissues can spare surrounding radiosensitive organs in the abdomen. Herein we evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a novel α-emitting compound specifically designed for intracavitary radiation therapy. METHODS: The α-emitter 224Ra was absorbed on calcium carbonate microparticles. Immunodeficient, athymic nude mice with human ovarian cancer cells growing intraperitoneally were treated with different activity levels of 224Ra-microparticles. Tumor growth, survival, and tolerance of the treatment were assessed. Two tumor models based on the cell lines, ES-2 and SKOV3-luc, with different growth patterns were studied. RESULTS: In both models, intraperitoneal treatment with 224Ra-microparticles gave significant antitumor effect with either considerably reduced tumor volume or a survival benefit. An advantageous discovery was that only a few kilobecquerels per mouse were needed to yield therapeutic effects. The treatment was well tolerated up to a dose of 1000 kBq/kg with no signs of acute or subacute toxicity observed. CONCLUSIONS: Intraperitoneal α-therapy with 224Ra-microparticles demonstrated a significant potential for treatment of peritoneal micrometastases in ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Westrøm
- Oncoinvent AS, Oslo, Norway; Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Øyvind S Bruland
- Oncoinvent AS, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Kasten BB, Gangrade A, Kim H, Fan J, Ferrone S, Ferrone CR, Zinn KR, Buchsbaum DJ. 212Pb-labeled B7-H3-targeting antibody for pancreatic cancer therapy in mouse models. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 58:67-73. [PMID: 29413459 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently validated monoclonal antibody (mAb) 376.96 as an effective carrier for targeted α-particle radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with 212Pb in ovarian cancer mouse models. In this study, we tested the binding of radiolabeled mAb 376.96 to human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells and localization in xenografts in immune-deficient mice and evaluated 212Pb-labeled 376.96 (212Pb-376.96) for PDAC therapy. METHODS In vitro Scatchard assays assessed the specific binding of 212Pb-376.96 to human PDAC3 adherent differentiated cells and non-adherent cancer initiating cells (CICs) dissociated from tumorspheres. In vitro clonogenic assays were used to measure the proliferation of adherent PDAC3 cells and CIC-enriched tumorspheres treated with 212Pb-376.96 or the irrelevant isotype-matched 212Pb-F3-C25. Mice bearing patient derived pancreatic cancer Panc039 xenografts were i.v. injected with 0.17-0.70 MBq 212Pb-376.96 or isotype control 212Pb-F3-C25, and used for biodistribution and tumor growth inhibition studies. Mice bearing orthotopic PDAC3 xenografts were i.v. co-injected with 99mTc-376.96 and 125I-F3-C25 and used for biodistribution studies. RESULTS 212Pb-376.96 specifically bound to PDAC3 adherent and dissociated tumorsphere CICs; Kd values averaged 9.0 and 21.7 nM, respectively, with 104-105 binding sites/cell. 212Pb-376.96 inhibited the clonogenic survival of PDAC3 cells or CICs dissociated from tumorspheres 3-6 times more effectively than isotype-matched control 212Pb-F3-C25. Panc039 s.c. tumors showed significantly higher uptake of 212Pb-376.96 (14.0 ± 2.1% ID/g) compared to 212Pb-F3-C25 (6.5 ± 0.9% ID/g, p < .001) at 24 h after dosing. Orthotopic PDAC3 tumors showed significantly higher uptake of 99mTc-376.96 (6.4 ± 1.8% ID/g) compared to 125I-F3-C25 (3.9 ± 0.9% ID/g, p < .05) at 24 h after dosing. Panc039 tumor growth was significantly inhibited by 212Pb-376.96 compared to 212Pb-F3-C25 or non-treated control tumors (p < .05). CONCLUSION Our results provide evidence for the efficacy of B7-H3 targeted RIT against preclinical models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and support future studies with 212Pb-376.96 in combination with chemotherapy to potentiate efficacy against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Kasten
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Abhishek Gangrade
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Harrison Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jinda Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kurt R Zinn
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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