1
|
Backes A, Collings PJ, Portugal B, Quintero LC, Vahid F, Le Coroller G, Malisoux L, Alkerwi A, Noppe S, Delagardelle C, Beissel J, Chioti A, Stranges S, Schmit JC, Lair ML, D’Incau M, Pastore J, Aguayo GA, Appenzeller B, Couffignal S, Gantenbein M, Devaux Y, Vaillant M, Huiart L, Bejko D, Perquin M, Ruiz M, Ernens I, Fagherazzi G. Associations of movement behaviours and dietary intake with arterial stiffness: results from the ORISCAV-LUX 2 cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084933. [PMID: 39067878 PMCID: PMC11287072 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adopting a physically active lifestyle and maintaining a diet rich in antioxidants can reduce the risk of vascular diseases. Arterial stiffness is an early marker for cardiovascular diseases, indicating vascular damage. This study investigates the relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), dietary antioxidant, trace elements intake and vascular health in men and women, with a focus on pulse wave velocity (PWV), the gold standard for assessing arterial stiffness. DESIGN This is a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study (Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg 2 (ORISCAV-LUX 2)). SETTING The study was conducted in Luxembourg, between November 2016 and January 2018. PARTICIPANTS In total, 988 participants from the ORISCAV-LUX 2 study, who were Luxembourg residents, aged 25-79 years, underwent the required physical examination, agreed to wear an accelerometer for 1 week and presented no personal history of myocardial infarction or stroke, were included in the analysis. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE PWV was assessed with the validated Complior instrument. Elastic-net models were used to investigate the associations of dietary intake (antioxidant and trace elements) and movement behaviours (PA and SB) with PWV in men and women. RESULTS The findings reveal diverse associations between PA, SB, dietary intake and PWV, with distinct patterns observed in men and women. In women, a longer median moderate-to-vigorous PA bout length (mean coefficient (β)=-0.039), a higher long-range temporal correlation (higher scaling exponent alpha) at larger time scales (>120 min; β=-1.247) and an increased intake of vitamin C (β=-1.987) and selenium (β=-0.008) were associated with lower PWV. In men, a shorter median SB bout length (β=0.019) and a lower proportion of SB time accumulated in bouts longer than 60 min (β=1.321) were associated with lower PWV. Moreover, a higher daily intake of polyphenols (β=-0.113) and selenium (β=-0.004) was associated with lower PWV in men. CONCLUSION This study underscores the multifaceted nature of the associations between movement behaviours and dietary intake with PWV, as well as sex differences. These findings highlight the significance of considering both movement behaviours and dietary antioxidant intake in cardiovascular health assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Backes
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Paul J Collings
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Berta Portugal
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Lilly Carina Quintero
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gwenaëlle Le Coroller
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Laurent Malisoux
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - on behalf of the ORISCAV-LUX Study Group
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Ala’a Alkerwi
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Stephanie Noppe
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Charles Delagardelle
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Jean Beissel
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Anna Chioti
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Claude Schmit
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Marie-Lise Lair
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Marylène D’Incau
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Jessica Pastore
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gloria A Aguayo
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Brice Appenzeller
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Couffignal
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Manon Gantenbein
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Vaillant
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Laetitia Huiart
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Dritan Bejko
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Magali Perquin
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Maria Ruiz
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Isabelle Ernens
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Informatics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahn H, Cho EY, Yum K. Efficacy of γ-linolenic acid, Vitis vinifera extract, and acetyl-L-carnitine combination therapy for improving arterial stiffness in Korean adults: Real-world evidence. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:880-888. [PMID: 37608640 PMCID: PMC10497026 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is associated with various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Measurement of arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV) enables assessment of atherosclerosis progression in individuals. The authors screened patients with asymptomatic atherosclerosis, based on the PWV findings, to evaluate appropriate early interventions and assess the efficacy of γ-linolenic acid, Vitis vinifera extract, and acetyl-L-carnitine triple combination therapy in atherosclerosis prevention. This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of adult patients between March 2007 and April 2019, with presenting complaints of fatigue and lethargy. Among patients with vascular stiffness beyond their biological age on brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) testing, those with ≥80% compliance for three drugs were allocated to the experimental group. Those with compliance of <80% for any one drug were allocated to the control group to assess changes in arterial stiffness, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid level, and blood pressure (BP). After 1 year of triple-combination therapy, there were significant decreases in right and left baPWV (1537.16 ± 274.84 and 1519.00 ± 289.32 cm/s, respectively) as compared to baseline (1633.15 ± 271. 20 and 1598.64 ± 267.95 cm/s, respectively; p < .001). There was no difference in baPWV between sexes. Moreover, neither group showed significant changes in FPG and lipid levels. When triple-combination therapy combining γ-linolenic acid, V. vinifera extract, and acetyl-L-carnitine was administered to patients with high arterial stiffness relative to their age, as assessed by baPWV, the experimental group showed a decrease in arterial stiffness in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo‐Suk Ahn
- Department of CardiologyUijeongbu St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Eun Young Cho
- Department of Family MedicineUijeongbu St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Keun‐Sang Yum
- Department of Family MedicineUijeongbu St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vallée A. Association between tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption with arterial stiffness. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:757-767. [PMID: 37408141 PMCID: PMC10423766 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Few investigations have been performed between tobacco smoking, alcohol, and arterial stiffness. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between smoking use and alcohol with arterial stiffness index (ASI) in a middle-age population. Smoking pack-years and cigarettes per day were defined as alcohol consumption in units/day. Sex associations between smoking and alcohol with ASI were estimated using multiple linear regressions. Interactions and synergistic effects were investigating. 98 039 individuals of the UK Biobank cohort were included (45 457 men and 52 582 women). ASI levels were higher in men than in women (9.91 vs. 8.71 m/s, p < .001), and showed higher relationship to smoking tobacco in multiple linear regression models in women than in men (FDR logworth 78.4 vs. 52.7). The findings revealed that ASI was higher among current smokers than never smokers in both sex and after adjustment for all covariates (in men 10.4 vs. 9.6 and in women 9.5 vs. 8.5 m/s, p < .001). Alcohol consumption per day was positively associated with higher levels of ASI in both sex, but with a less relationship (FDR logworth for men = 2.8, for women = 2.5). An interaction was observed between smoking information and alcohol in men but not in women. Synergistic effects were observed by adding smoking information on alcohol consumption models in men and women (p = .029, p < .001, respectively). Smoking and alcohol were associated with higher ASI in both sex but with a higher relationship among women. The findings suggest the importance of considering smoking and alcohol consumption cessation in cardiovascular diseases prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Epidemiology‐Data‐BiostatisticsDelegation of Clinical Research and Innovation (DRCI)Foch HospitalSuresnesFrance
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carlini NA, Romanowski S, Rabalais EN, Kistler BM, Campbell MS, Krishnakumar IM, Harber MP, Fleenor BS. Coconut sugar derived from coconut inflorescence sap lowers systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults: a pilot study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:508-514. [PMID: 36656985 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00394.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceutical-based interventions hold promise to reduce blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness, which are two cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, the effects of coconut sap powder (CSP), an Asian sweetener and novel nutraceutical, on BP and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults (MA/O, ≥45 yr) has yet to be established. We hypothesized CSP will decrease BP and arterial stiffness in MA/O adults. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study design, 19 (age 55.3 ± 2.1 yr) MA/O adults completed measures of brachial and carotid BP, and arterial stiffness [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), common carotid artery (CCA) β-stiffness, compliance, distensibility, and Young's and Peterson's Elastic moduli] before and after 8 wk of CSP (1.5 g/day) or placebo (1.5 g/day). A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare group mean differences. Compared with placebo, CSP lowered brachial systolic BP (SBP) (CSP pre: 117.4 ± 2.9 vs. post: 109.0 ± 2.4 mmHg, P < 0.05), but not carotid SBP (P = 0.12). CSP also lowered Young's (CSP pre: 5,514.4 ± 1,115.4 vs. post: 3,690.6 ± 430.9 kPa) and Peterson's elastic moduli (CSP pre: 22.2 ± 4.4 vs. post: 19.2 ± 4.5 kPa) (P < 0.05, both). A trend for CSP to lower CCA β-stiffness (P = 0.06) and increase CCA compliance (P = 0.07) was also observed. Arterial stiffness assessed by cfPWV did not change (P > 0.05). No inflammatory or antioxidant biomarkers were affected by CSP. In summary, 8 wk of CSP lowers brachial SBP and CCA mechanical stiffness indicating a potential cardioprotective effect in MA/O adults.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness are important predictors of cardiovascular health with aging. Nutraceuticals are an easy-to-implement lifestyle strategy demonstrating promise to effectively lower BP and arterial stiffness with aging and ultimately cardiovascular disease risk. We demonstrate that coconut sap powder (CSP), a traditional Asian sweetener, lowers brachial systolic BP and carotid artery mechanical stiffness in middle-aged and older (MA/O) adults. These findings provide initial evidence for the CSP-related cardioprotective effects in MA/O adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Carlini
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Spencer Romanowski
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Emily N Rabalais
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Brandon M Kistler
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Marilyn S Campbell
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | | | - Matthew P Harber
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Bradley S Fleenor
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Parmenter BH, Dalgaard F, Murray K, Marquis-Gravel G, Cassidy A, Bondonno CP, Lewis JR, Croft KD, Kyrø C, Gislason G, Scalbert A, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Hodgson JM, Bondonno NP. Intake of dietary flavonoids and incidence of ischemic heart disease in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:270-277. [PMID: 36284213 PMCID: PMC9908533 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Few studies have investigated the association between dietary flavonoid intake, including all major subclasses, and the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined whether dietary flavonoid intake associated with IHD incidence, assessing the possible modifying role of sex and smoking, in participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health study. SUBJECTS/METHODS In a cohort study design, 54,496 adults (46.8% male), aged 50-64 years, without a history of IHD, were followed for up to 23 years. Habitual dietary flavonoid intake was estimated from food frequency questionnaires using Phenol-Explorer. Incident cases of IHD were identified within Danish nationwide health registries. Restricted cubic splines in Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations between flavonoid intake and IHD risk. RESULTS During follow-up, 5560 IHD events were recorded. No overall association was seen between total flavonoid intake, nor any subclass, and IHD, following adjustment for demographics, lifestyle, and dietary confounders. Stratified by sex and smoking status, higher intakes of specific subclasses associated with lower IHD risk among ever-smokers [Q5 vs. Q1 flavonols HR (95% CI): 0.90 (0.82, 0.99); flavanol oligo+polymers: 0.88 (0.80, 0.97)], but not among never-smokers, nor either sex specifically. CONCLUSIONS While we did not find clear evidence that higher habitual dietary flavonoid intake was associated with lower IHD risk, these results do not exclude the possibility that certain subclasses may have a protective role in prevention of IHD among population sub-groups; this was evident among smokers, who are at a higher risk of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Parmenter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Frederik Dalgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Aedín Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kevin D Croft
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Gislason
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- The Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kerch G. Severe COVID-19-A Review of Suggested Mechanisms Based on the Role of Extracellular Matrix Stiffness. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1187. [PMID: 36674700 PMCID: PMC9861790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of COVID-19 commonly depends on age-related tissue stiffness. The aim was to review publications that explain the effect of microenvironmental extracellular matrix stiffness on cellular processes. Platelets and endothelial cells are mechanosensitive. Increased tissue stiffness can trigger cytokine storm with the upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin IL-6, and tissue integrity disruption, leading to enhanced virus entry and disease severity. Increased tissue stiffness in critically ill COVID-19 patients triggers platelet activation and initiates plague formation and thrombosis development. Cholesterol content in cell membrane increases with aging and further enhances tissue stiffness. Membrane cholesterol depletion decreases virus entry to host cells. Membrane cholesterol lowering drugs, such as statins or novel chitosan derivatives, have to be further developed for application in COVID-19 treatment. Statins are also known to decrease arterial stiffness mitigating cardiovascular diseases. Sulfated chitosan derivatives can be further developed for potential use in future as anticoagulants in prevention of severe COVID-19. Anti-TNF-α therapies as well as destiffening therapies have been suggested to combat severe COVID-19. The inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells pathway must be considered as a therapeutic target in the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients. The activation of mechanosensitive platelets by higher matrix stiffness increases their adhesion and the risk of thrombus formation, thus enhancing the severity of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garry Kerch
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 1048 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tian Y, Li C, Zeng F, Yu C, Xia Z, Huang Y. Study the interactions between multiple flavonoids and bovine serum albumin by the developed equilibrium dialysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1212:123515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
8
|
Paapstel K, Kals J. Metabolomics of Arterial Stiffness. Metabolites 2022; 12:370. [PMID: 35629874 PMCID: PMC9146333 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness (AS) is one of the earliest detectable signs of structural and functional alterations of the vessel wall and an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and death. The emerging field of metabolomics can be utilized to detect a wide spectrum of intermediates and products of metabolism in body fluids that can be involved in the pathogenesis of AS. Research over the past decade has reinforced this idea by linking AS to circulating acylcarnitines, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and amino acids, among other metabolite species. Some of these metabolites influence AS through traditional cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, smoking), while others seem to act independently through both known and unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. We propose the term 'arteriometabolomics' to indicate the research that applies metabolomics methods to study AS. The 'arteriometabolomics' approach has the potential to allow more personalized cardiovascular risk stratification, disease monitoring, and treatment selection. One of its major goals is to uncover the causal metabolic pathways of AS. Such pathways could represent valuable treatment targets in vascular ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaido Paapstel
- Endothelial Research Centre, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Kals
- Endothelial Research Centre, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Surgery Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wen K, Fang X, Yang J, Yao Y, Nandakumar KS, Salem ML, Cheng K. Recent Research on Flavonoids and their Biomedical Applications. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1042-1066. [PMID: 32660393 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200713184138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, commonly found in various plants, are a class of polyphenolic compounds having a basic structural unit of 2-phenylchromone. Flavonoid compounds have attracted much attention due to their wide biological applications. In order to facilitate further research on the biomedical application of flavonoids, we surveyed the literature published on the use of flavonoids in medicine during the past decade, documented the commonly found structures in natural flavonoids, and summarized their pharmacological activities as well as associated mechanisms of action against a variety of health disorders including chronic inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular complications and hypoglycemia. In this mini-review, we provide suggestions for further research on the biomedical applications of flavonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangmei Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaochuan Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junli Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | | | - Kui Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ullah A, Munir S, Badshah SL, Khan N, Ghani L, Poulson BG, Emwas AH, Jaremko M. Important Flavonoids and Their Role as a Therapeutic Agent. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225243. [PMID: 33187049 PMCID: PMC7697716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are phytochemical compounds present in many plants, fruits, vegetables, and leaves, with potential applications in medicinal chemistry. Flavonoids possess a number of medicinal benefits, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. They also have neuroprotective and cardio-protective effects. These biological activities depend upon the type of flavonoid, its (possible) mode of action, and its bioavailability. These cost-effective medicinal components have significant biological activities, and their effectiveness has been proved for a variety of diseases. The most recent work is focused on their isolation, synthesis of their analogs, and their effects on human health using a variety of techniques and animal models. Thousands of flavonoids have been successfully isolated, and this number increases steadily. We have therefore made an effort to summarize the isolated flavonoids with useful activities in order to gain a better understanding of their effects on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (A.U.); (S.M.); (N.K.)
| | - Sidra Munir
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (A.U.); (S.M.); (N.K.)
| | - Syed Lal Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (A.U.); (S.M.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.L.B.); (M.J.)
| | - Noreen Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (A.U.); (S.M.); (N.K.)
| | - Lubna Ghani
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir 13230, Pakistan;
| | - Benjamin Gabriel Poulson
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.L.B.); (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martini D, Marino M, Angelino D, Del Bo' C, Del Rio D, Riso P, Porrini M. Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:189-206. [PMID: 31365093 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Berries are a source of polyphenols with recognized health-promoting activities. Several studies suggest that consumption of berries may improve vascular function. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence of short- and long-term benefits of berries on outcomes of vascular function. DATA SOURCES Human intervention studies were collected from PubMed and Scopus databases. STUDY SELECTION Studies were eligible if they investigated the effects of acute or chronic berry consumption on one or more markers of vascular function in humans and provided a characterization of the berry polyphenolic content. Only randomized controlled trials were included, and studies were excluded if berries were combined with other foods. DATA EXTRACTION After selection, 22 randomized controlled trials were included and analyzed, most of which were performed in healthy individuals or patients with cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS The overall results seem to suggest a protective role of berries in vascular function, likely dependent on the time of exposure, the type and dose of berry, and the biomarkers analyzed. Flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index (markers of vascular reactivity) improved following short-term interventions, while pulse wave velocity and augmentation index (markers of arterial stiffness) improved only after medium- to long-term intervention. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that berries, at physiological relevant doses, may have a role in the modulation of vascular function and stiffness. High-quality human intervention trials are encouraged in order to strengthen these findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in such modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parmenter BH, Croft KD, Hodgson JM, Dalgaard F, Bondonno CP, Lewis JR, Cassidy A, Scalbert A, Bondonno NP. An overview and update on the epidemiology of flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease risk. Food Funct 2020; 11:6777-6806. [PMID: 32725042 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01118e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is an accumulating body of literature reporting on dietary flavonoid intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in prospective cohort studies. This makes apparent the need for an overview and update on the current state of the science. To date, at least 27 prospective cohorts (in 44 publications) have evaluated the association between estimated habitual flavonoid intake and CVD risk. At this time, the totality of evidence suggests long-term consumption of flavonoid-rich foods may be associated with a lower risk of fatal and non-fatal ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease, and total CVD; disease outcomes which are principally, though not exclusively, composed of cases of atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD). To date, few studies have investigated outcome specific ASCVD, such as peripheral artery disease (PAD) or ischemic stroke. Of the flavonoid subclasses investigated, evidence more often implicates diets rich in anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols in lowering the risk of CVD. Although inferences are restricted by confounding and other inherent limitations of observational studies, causality appears possible based on biological plausibility, temporality, and the relative consistency of the reported associations. However, whether the associations observed represent a benefit of the isolated bioactives per se, or are a signal of the bioactives acting in concert with the co-occurring nutrient matrix within flavonoid-bearing foods, are issues of consideration. Thus, the simple interpretation, and the one most relevant for dietary advice, is that consumption of flavonoid-rich foods or diets higher in flavonoids, appear nutritionally beneficial in the prevention of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Parmenter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia.
| | - Kevin D Croft
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia.
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia and Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Frederik Dalgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia and Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia and Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia and Centre for Kidney Research, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia. and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia and Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Valls RM, Pedret A, Calderón-Pérez L, Llauradó E, Pla-Pagà L, Companys J, Moragas A, Martín-Luján F, Ortega Y, Giralt M, Romeu M, Rubió L, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Canela N, Puiggrós F, Caimari A, Del Bas JM, Arola L, Solà R. Effects of hesperidin in orange juice on blood and pulse pressures in mildly hypertensive individuals: a randomized controlled trial (Citrus study). Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1277-1288. [PMID: 32661681 PMCID: PMC7987641 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the sustained and acute effects, as well as the influence of sustained consumption on the acute effects, of orange juice (OJ) with a natural hesperidin content and hesperidin-enriched OJ (EOJ) on blood (BP) and pulse (PP) pressures in pre- and stage-1 hypertensive individuals. Methods In a randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants (n = 159) received 500 mL/day of control drink, OJ, or EOJ for 12 weeks. Two dose–response studies were performed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results A single EOJ dose (500 mL) reduced systolic BP (SBP) and PP, with greater changes after sustained treatment where a decrease in diastolic BP (DBP) also occurred (P < 0.05). SBP and PP decreased in a dose-dependent manner relative to the hesperidin content of the beverages throughout the 12 weeks (P < 0.05). OJ and EOJ decreased homocysteine levels at 12 weeks versus the control drink (P < 0.05). After 12 weeks of EOJ consumption, four genes related to hypertension (PTX3, NLRP3, NPSR1 and NAMPT) were differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hesperidin in OJ reduces SBP and PP after sustained consumption, and after a single dose, the chronic consumption of EOJ enhances its postprandial effect. Decreases in systemic and transcriptomic biomarkers were concomitant with BP and PP changes. EOJ could be a useful co-adjuvant tool for BP and PP management in pre- and stage-1 hypertensive individuals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-020-02279-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Valls
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain.
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain.
| | - Lorena Calderón-Pérez
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Laura Pla-Pagà
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Judit Companys
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Ana Moragas
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària-IDIAP Jordi Gol, Tarragona, Spain
- Primary Care Centre Jaume I, Institut Català de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco Martín-Luján
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària-IDIAP Jordi Gol, Tarragona, Spain
- Primary Care Centre El Morell, Institut Català de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Ortega
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària-IDIAP Jordi Gol, Tarragona, Spain
- Primary Care Centre Jaume I, Institut Català de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain
- Primary Care Centre Salou, Institut Català de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montse Giralt
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Romeu
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Laura Rubió
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-TPV, Agrotecnio Center, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, University of Lleida, Av/ Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Canela
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Reus, Spain
| | - Francesc Puiggrós
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Lluís Arola
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de La Salut, Reus, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Av. de La Universitat, 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kerch G. Role of Changes in State of Bound Water and Tissue Stiffness in Development of Age-Related Diseases. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1362. [PMID: 32560459 PMCID: PMC7361708 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential effect of environmental stiffness on biological processes in cells at present is generally accepted. An increase in arterial stiffness with advanced age has been reported in many publications. The aim of the present review is to summarize current information about possible chemical reactions and physical processes that lead to tissue stiffening and result in age-related diseases in order to find methods that can prevent or retard time-dependent tissue stiffening. The analysis of published data shows that bound water acts as a plasticizer of biological tissues, a decrease in bound water content results in an increase in biological tissue stiffness, and increased tissue stiffness leads to NF-kB activation and triggered actin polymerization-NF-kB activation is associated with age-related diseases. It can be suggested that changes in bound water content through changing tissue stiffness can affect cellular processes and the development of pathologies related to aging. Both age-related diseases and COVID-19 may be associated with tight-junction disruption and increased tissue stiffness and permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garry Kerch
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 1048 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The effect of soy isoflavones on arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:603-614. [PMID: 32529287 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Some but not all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of soy isoflavones showed their beneficial effect on arterial stiffness, a predictor of cardiovascular events, dementia, and all-cause mortality, independent of traditional risk factors. To test the hypothesis that supplementation of soy isoflavones reduces arterial stiffness, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs of soy isoflavones on arterial stiffness. METHODS The protocol of this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019126128) and written in accordance with PRISMA. The PubMed, Embase, and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched using the following criteria: human subjects, soy isoflavones as intervention, and arterial stiffness as primary outcome. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates across studies. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to synthesize quantitative results. RESULTS Among 998 articles retrieved, 8 articles met our criteria. Duration of intervention was relatively short (maximum of 12 weeks). Outcome measurements extracted were pulse wave velocity (PWV), systemic arterial compliance (SAC), augmentation index (AI), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Soy isoflavones reduced arterial stiffness compared to placebo (standardized mean difference - 0.33, 95% confidence interval - 0.47, - 0.19). Subgroup analyses showed no difference between treatment effects for intervention duration (< 6 weeks vs. ≥ 6 weeks) or gender (women only vs. men only vs. combined). Sensitivity analysis showed no difference in the effect of soy isoflavones between PWV, CAVI, SAC, and AI. CONCLUSION Supplementation of soy isoflavones reduced arterial stiffness. Longer duration trials with larger number of participants are warranted.
Collapse
|
16
|
Jafari Azad B, Daneshzad E, Meysamie AP, Koohdani F. Chronic and acute effects of cocoa products intake on arterial stiffness and platelet count and function: A systematic review and dose-response Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:357-379. [PMID: 32126803 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1733484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The findings of trials investigating the effect of cocoa products consumption on vascular stiffness and platelet are controversial. The aim of this study is to summarize the findings on the acute and chronic effects of different forms of cocoa on the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. We searched SCOPUS, Pub Med and Web of Science from inception to Jan 2020. Finally, the random-effect model was used to report the pooled effect sizes. Results are expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Overall, 41 trials were included, of which only 14 studies met the eligibility criteria for analysis, including 11 long-term RCTs (more than a week was considered as a chronic phase) and 7 short-term RCTs (less than a week was considered as an acute phase). According to the result of 11 long-term RCTs, cocoa products had a negative significant effect on pulse wave velocity; PWV (WMD: -0.33 m/s, P < 0.0001), Augmentation index; AIx (WMD: -4.50%, P = 0.001) but had no significant effect on platelet count (WMD: -10.41 109/L, P = 0.053). Also, according to the results of 7 short-term RCTs, cocoa products had a negative significant effect on PWV (WMD: -0.27 m/s, P = 0.019), AIx (WMD: -4.47%, P = 0.003).Current study indicated the beneficial effect of acute and chronic consumption of cocoa-based products ingestion on platelet function and arterial stiffness in healthy adult regardless of age especially in male and for consumption (≤4 weeks) in the chronic intake and (≤120 minutes) in acute intake, but did not affect on platelet count. However, further studies are required to shed light on this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Jafari Azad
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Pasha Meysamie
- Departmentof Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Siddiqui T, Zia MK, Ahsan H, Khan FH. Quercetin-induced inactivation and conformational alterations of alpha-2-macroglobulin: multi-spectroscopic and calorimetric study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:4107-4118. [PMID: 31543004 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1671232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a widely used bioflavonoid found in onions, grapes, berries and citrus fruits. Under certain conditions, quercetin acts as a pro-oxidant thereby generating reactive oxygen species and promoting the oxidation of molecules. Our study investigates the effect of quercetin on the structure and function of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) by employing various biophysical techniques and trypsin inhibitory assay. α2M is the major antiproteinase present in the plasma of vertebrates. Results of activity assay indicated that α2M loses its 56% of inhibitory activity on treatment with quercetin in the presence of light. UV spectroscopy reveals hyper chromaticity in absorption spectra of protein on interaction with quercetin suggesting structural change. The intrinsic fluorescence studies showed quenching of α2M spectra in the presence of quercetin, and the mode of quenching was found to be static in nature. Synchronous fluorescence indicated the alteration in the microenvironment of tryptophan residues. CD and FTIR spectroscopy confirms concentration-dependent alterations in secondary structure of α2M instigated by quercetin. The magnitude of binding constant, enthalpy change, entropy change and free energy change during the interaction process was determined by isothermal titration calorimetry. Hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction were the main intermolecular forces involved during the process. This study identifies and signifies the damage induced by quercetin to α2M due to its pro-oxidant action. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Fahim Halim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Brothers RM, Fadel PJ, Keller DM. Racial disparities in cardiovascular disease risk: mechanisms of vascular dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H777-H789. [PMID: 31397168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00126.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for a third of all deaths in the United States making it the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Although CVD affects individuals of all races/ethnicities, the prevalence of CVD is highest in non-Hispanic black (BL) individuals relative to other populations. The mechanism(s) responsible for elevated CVD risk in the BL population remains incompletely understood. However, impaired vascular vasodilator capacity and exaggerated vascular vasoconstrictor responsiveness are likely contributing factors, both of which are present even in young, otherwise healthy BL individuals. Within this review, we highlight some historical and recent data, collected from our laboratories, of impaired vascular function, in terms of reduced vasodilator capacity and heightened vasoconstrictor responsiveness, in the peripheral and cerebral circulations in BL individuals. We provide data that such impairments may be related to elevated oxidative stress and subsequent reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability. In addition, divergent mechanisms of impaired vasodilatory capacity between BL men and women are discussed. Finally, we propose several directions where future research is needed to fill in knowledge gaps, which will allow for better understanding of the mechanisms contributing to impaired vascular function in this population. Ultimately, this information will allow for better lifestyle and therapeutic approaches to be implemented in an effort to minimize the increased CVD burden in the BL population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Matthew Brothers
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Paul J Fadel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - David M Keller
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Álvarez‐Cilleros D, López‐Oliva ME, Morales‐Cano D, Barreira B, Pérez‐Vizcaíno F, Goya L, Ramos S, Martín MÁ. Dietary Cocoa Prevents Aortic Remodeling and Vascular Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900044. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Elvira López‐Oliva
- Departamento de Fisiología. Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Daniel Morales‐Cano
- Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII 28029 Madrid, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón 28007 Madrid Spain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII 28029 Madrid, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón 28007 Madrid Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez‐Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII 28029 Madrid, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón 28007 Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Goya
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Sonia Ramos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martín
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición 28040 Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, ISCIII 28029 Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schmidt HDO, Rockett FC, Pagno CH, Possa J, Assis RQ, de Oliveira VR, da Silva VL, Flôres SH, Rios ADO. Vitamin and bioactive compound diversity of seven fruit species from south Brazil. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:3307-3317. [PMID: 30569496 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of native tropical fruits represents an important source of bioactive food and vitamins for consumers. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of vitamins, bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of seven native fruits of the Myrtaceae family from south Brazil. RESULTS Sample 1 of Eugenia pyriformis presented the highest value of β-carotene (0.1021 g kg-1 ), lutein (0.0511 g kg-1 ), zeaxanthin (0.0370 g kg-1 ), and α-carotene (0.0112 g kg-1 ), of all analyzed samples. The three samples of Eugenia uniflora L presented the highest lycopene (0.1876, 0.1240 and 0.1615 g kg-1 ) and vitamin A content (0.106, 0.035 and 0.178 g kg-1 RAE) of all seven species analyzed. The cyanidin 3-glucoside was the most common anthocyanin found in fruits in the present study. Two samples of Plinia peruviana presented higher antioxidant capacity by the ABTS radical method (0.80 and 0.67 mol TEs kg-1 ) among the fruits analyzed. The samples of Campomanesia xanthocarpa analyzed stood out owing to the high content of vitamin C present (23.89, 36.83 and 35.05 g kg-1 ). The values of pantothenic acid in Plinia peruviana account for 20% of daily requirements. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the native fruits studied can provide an appreciable amount of vitamins and bioactive compounds. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena de Oliveira Schmidt
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C Rockett
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos H Pagno
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jucelaine Possa
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renato Q Assis
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Viviani R de Oliveira
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanuska L da Silva
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Simone H Flôres
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandro de Oliveira Rios
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenue Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
De Bruyne T, Steenput B, Roth L, De Meyer GRY, Santos CND, Valentová K, Dambrova M, Hermans N. Dietary Polyphenols Targeting Arterial Stiffness: Interplay of Contributing Mechanisms and Gut Microbiome-Related Metabolism. Nutrients 2019; 11:E578. [PMID: 30857217 PMCID: PMC6471395 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased arterial stiffness is a degenerative vascular process, progressing with age that leads to a reduced capability of arteries to expand and contract in response to pressure changes. This progressive degeneration mainly affects the extracellular matrix of elastic arteries and causes loss of vascular elasticity. Recent studies point to significant interference of dietary polyphenols with mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology and progression of arterial stiffness. This review summarizes data from epidemiological and interventional studies on the effect of polyphenols on vascular stiffness as an illustration of current research and addresses possible etiological factors targeted by polyphenols, including pathways of vascular functionality, oxidative status, inflammation, glycation, and autophagy. Effects can either be inflicted directly by the dietary polyphenols or indirectly by metabolites originated from the host or microbial metabolic processes. The composition of the gut microbiome, therefore, determines the resulting metabolome and, as a consequence, the observed activity. On the other hand, polyphenols also influence the intestinal microbial composition, and therefore the metabolites available for interaction with relevant targets. As such, targeting the gut microbiome is another potential treatment option for arterial stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tess De Bruyne
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Bieke Steenput
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Lynn Roth
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Claudia Nunes Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Al-Shabib NA, Khan JM, Malik A, Alsenaidy MA, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Alsenaidy AM, Husain FM, Khan RH. Molecular insight into binding behavior of polyphenol (rutin) with beta lactoglobulin: Spectroscopic, molecular docking and MD simulation studies. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.07.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
23
|
Williamson G, Kay CD, Crozier A. The Bioavailability, Transport, and Bioactivity of Dietary Flavonoids: A Review from a Historical Perspective. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1054-1112. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D. Kay
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Inst. North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC 28081 U.S.A
| | - Alan Crozier
- Dept. of Nutrition Univ. of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing, Univ. Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Heneghan C, Kiely M, Lyons J, Lucey A. The Effect of Berry-Based Food Interventions on Markers of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Heneghan
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| | - Mairead Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| | - Jacqueline Lyons
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| | - Alice Lucey
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University College Cork; Cork Republic of Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang X, Guo XY, Xu L, Liu B, Zhou LL, Wang XF, Wang D, Sun T. Studies on the competitive binding of cleviprex and flavonoids to plasma protein by multi-spectroscopic methods: A prediction of food-drug interaction. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 175:192-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
26
|
Li X, Lyu P, Ren Y, An J, Dong Y. Arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380:1-10. [PMID: 28870545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness is one of the earliest indicators of changes in vascular wall structure and function and may be assessed using various indicators, such as pulse-wave velocity (PWV), the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), the ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse pressure (PP), the augmentation index (AI), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness index-β. Arterial stiffness is generally considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. To date, a significant number of studies have focused on the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To investigate the relationships between specific arterial stiffness parameters and cognitive impairment, elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment and determine how to interfere with arterial stiffness to prevent cognitive impairment, we searched PUBMED for studies regarding the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment that were published from 2000 to 2017. We used the following key words in our search: "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment" and "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment mechanism". Studies involving human subjects older than 30years were included in the review, while irrelevant studies (i.e., studies involving subjects with comorbid kidney disease, diabetes and cardiac disease) were excluded from the review. RESULTS We determined that arterial stiffness severity was positively correlated with cognitive impairment. Of the markers used to assess arterial stiffness, a higher PWV, CAVI, AI, IMT and index-β and a lower ABI and FMD were related to cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between PP and cognitive impairment remained controversial. The potential mechanisms linking arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may be associated with arterial pulsatility, as greater arterial pulsatility damages the cerebral microcirculation, which causes various phenomena associated with cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs), such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and lacunar infarctions (LIs). The mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may also be associated with reductions in white matter and gray matter integrity, medial temporal lobe atrophy and Aβ protein deposition. Engaging in more frequent physical exercise; increasing flavonoid and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption; increasing tea, nitrite, dietary calcium and vitamin D intake; losing weight and taking medications intended to improve insulin sensitivity; quitting smoking; and using antihypertensive drugs and statins are early interventions and lifestyle changes that may be effective in preventing arterial stiffness and thus preventing cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Arterial stiffness is a sensitive predictor of cognitive impairment, and arterial stiffness severity has the potential to serve as an indicator used to facilitate treatments designed to prevent or delay the onset and progression of dementia in elderly individuals. Early treatment of arterial stiffness is beneficial and recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Peiyuan Lyu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Yanyan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jin An
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
von Wowern E, Olofsson P. Can flavonoid-rich chocolate modulate arterial elasticity and pathological uterine artery Doppler blood flow in pregnant women? A pilot study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 31:2293-2298. [PMID: 28612673 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1341483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dark chocolate has shown beneficial effects on cardiovascular health and might also modulate hypertensive complications in pregnancy and uteroplacental blood flow. Increased uteroplacental resistance is associated with systemic arterial stiffness. We aimed to investigate the short-term effect of flavonoid-rich chocolate on arterial stiffness and Doppler blood flow velocimetry indexes in pregnant women with compromised uteroplacental blood flow. METHODS Doppler blood flow velocimetry and digital pulse wave analysis (DPA) were performed in 25 women pregnant in the second and third trimesters with uterine artery (UtA) score (UAS) 3-4, before and after 3 days of ingestion of chocolate with high flavonoid and antioxidant contents. UtA pulsatility index (PI), UtA diastolic notching, UAS (semiquantitative measure of PI and notching combined), and umbilical artery PI were calculated, and DPA variables representing central and peripheral maternal arteries were recorded. RESULTS Mean UtA PI (p = .049) and UAS (p = .025) significantly decreased after chocolate consumption. There were no significant changes in UtA diastolic notching or any DPA indexes of arterial stiffness/vascular tone. CONCLUSION Chocolate may have beneficial effects on the uteroplacental circulation, but in this pilot study, we could not demonstrate effects on arterial vascular tone as assessed by DPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma von Wowern
- a Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Per Olofsson
- a Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University , Malmö , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Studies on the interaction between promethazine and human serum albumin in the presence of flavonoids by spectroscopic and molecular modeling techniques. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:820-829. [PMID: 27315330 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence, absorption, time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic techniques as well as molecular modeling methods were used to study the binding characterization of promethazine (PMT) to human serum albumin (HSA) and the influence of flavonoids, rutin and baicalin, on their affinity. The results indicated that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of HSA by PMT is a static quenching due to the formation of complex. The reaction was spontaneous and mainly mediated by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The binding distance between the tryptophan residue of HSA and PMT is less than 8nm, which indicated that the energy transfer from the tryptophan residue of HSA to PMT occurred. The binding site of PMT on HSA was located in sites I and the presence of PMT can cause the conformational changes of HSA. There was the competitive binding to HSA between PMT and flavonoids because of the overlap of binding sites in HSA. The flavonoids could decrease the association constant and increase the binding distance. In addition, their synergistic effect can further change the conformation of HSA. The decrease in the affinities of PMT binding to HSA in the presence of flavonoids may lead to the increase of free drug in blood, which would affect the transportation or disposition of drug and evoke an adverse or toxic effect. Hence, rationalising dosage and diet regimens should be taken into account in clinical application of PMT.
Collapse
|
29
|
Vicente F, Saldaña-Ruíz S, Rabanal M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Pereira P, Pérez-Cano FJ, Castell M. A new food frequency questionnaire to assess chocolate and cocoa consumption. Nutrition 2016; 32:811-7. [PMID: 27133812 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cocoa has been highlighted as a food with potential benefits to human health because of its polyphenol content. However, few studies show the contribution of cocoa and chocolate products in polyphenol intake. The aim of this work was to develop a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for evaluating the intake of food products containing cocoa (C-FFQ). METHODS A sample of 50 university students was recruited to complete the 90-item questionnaire, a validated questionnaire (called here European Food Safety Authority [EFSA]-Q) as well as a 24-hour dietary recall (24 HDR). Spearman correlation test, Bland-Altman plots, and quintile classification analysis were conducted together with the Wilcoxon test and descriptive statistics. RESULTS Significant correlations between the C-FFQ and the EFSA-Q for the most common cocoa/chocolate products were observed (P < 0.05), as well as between data from the C-FFQ and 24 HDR (P < 0.05). However, a number of cocoa/chocolate products frequently consumed by the participants were detected by the C-FFQ and 24 HDR which were not included in the EFSA-Q. According to the C-FFQ, chocolate bars were the main source of cocoa in university students, but dairy products also provided an important amount of cocoa. CONCLUSION The developed C-FFQ questionnaire can be considered as a valid option for assessing the consumption frequency of cocoa/chocolate-derived products, thereby allowing the evaluation of cocoa polyphenol intake in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Vicente
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Monte da Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sandra Saldaña-Ruíz
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària, Universitat de Barcelona (INSA-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Rabanal
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María J Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària, Universitat de Barcelona (INSA-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Pereira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Monte da Caparica, Portugal
| | - Francisco J Pérez-Cano
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària, Universitat de Barcelona (INSA-UB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margarida Castell
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària, Universitat de Barcelona (INSA-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Measurement of Arterial Stiffness: A Novel Tool of Risk Stratification in Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 956:475-488. [PMID: 27722956 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries worldwide, despite highly effective preventive treatments available. As a difference continues to exist between the estimated and true number of events, further improvement of risk stratification is an essential part of cardiovascular research.Among hypertensive patients measurement of arterial stiffness parameters, like carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) or brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) can contribute to the identification of high-risk subpopulation of patients. This is a hot topic of vascular research including the possibility of the non-invasive measurement of central hemodynamics, wave reflections and recently, 24-h arterial stiffness monitoring as well. This chapter discusses the past and the present of this area including the scientific achievements with cfPWV, baPWV and other measures, provides a short overview of methodologies and the representation of arterial stiffness parameters in guidelines.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zoccali C, Mallamaci F. Cocoa Flavanols: A Magic Potion for Protecting the Endothelium in Kidney Failure? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 11:9-11. [PMID: 26681133 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.12141115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Zoccali
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria, Italy; and
| | - Francesca Mallamaci
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria, Italy; and Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation Unit, Ospedali Riuniti, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Koli R, Köhler K, Tonteri E, Peltonen J, Tikkanen H, Fogelholm M. Dark chocolate and reduced snack consumption in mildly hypertensive adults: an intervention study. Nutr J 2015; 14:84. [PMID: 26296850 PMCID: PMC4546094 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have shown that cocoa and cocoa-containing foods have the potential to lower blood pressure and improve endothelial function. Most of the studies reporting the beneficial effects of dark chocolate on blood pressure have been short (≤ 4 weeks). The aim of the present 8-wks (weeks) study was to assess the effects of regular consumption of dark chocolate during a reduced snack consumption intervention on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors in mildly hypertensive individuals. Design This was a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial involving 22 adults (8 women, 14 men), aged 33–64 y, BMI 27.7 ± 3.7 kg/m2 with mild hypertension. During the intervention period (8-wks) the participants reduced the intake of habitual snacks and replaced them with dark chocolate (49 g/day). In the control period, they only reduced the snacks without any added chocolate. Data (blood lipid profile, glucose, insulin, 24 h blood pressure) was collected in the beginning and end of both periods (intervention and control), and some variables also in the run-in and run-out periods (weight, body fat percentage, blood pressure, arterial stiffness index, diet and physical activity). Results Daily consumption of dark chocolate had no effects on 24 h blood pressure, resting blood pressure (mean ± SD, pre 142 ± 11.5/89 ± 8.4 mmHg vs. post 142 ± 14.2/88 ± 9.4 mmHg in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively) or arterial stiffness (mean ± SD, pre 7.68 ± 0.88 vs. post 7.76 ± 0.89). Weight was reduced by 1.0 ± 2.2 kg during the control (reduced snack only) period, but was unchanged while eating chocolate (p < 0.027 between the treatments). Conclusion The data collected in this study indicates that inclusion of dark chocolate daily in the diet had no significant effects on blood pressure or other cardiovascular risk factors during a reduced snack period. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02130141
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raika Koli
- Nutrition, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 66, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Klaus Köhler
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Elina Tonteri
- Nutrition, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 66, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Juha Peltonen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Heikki Tikkanen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. .,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Nutrition, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 66, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Petersen K, Blanch N, Keogh J, Clifton P. Weight Loss, Dietary Intake and Pulse Wave Velocity. Pulse (Basel) 2015; 3:134-40. [PMID: 26587462 DOI: 10.1159/000435792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effect of weight loss achieved by an energy-restricted diet with or without exercise, anti-obesity drugs or bariatric surgery on pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured at all arterial segments. Twenty studies, including 1,259 participants, showed that modest weight loss (8% of the initial body weight) caused a reduction in PWV measured at all arterial segments. However, due to the poor methodological design of the included studies, the results of this meta-analysis can only be regarded as hypothesis generating and highlight the need for further research in this area. In the future, well-designed randomised controlled trials are required to determine the effect of diet-induced weight loss on PWV and the mechanisms involved. In addition, there is observational evidence that dietary components such as fruit, vegetables, dairy foods, sodium, potassium and fatty acids may be associated with PWV, although evidence from well-designed intervention trials is lacking. In the future, the effect of concurrently improving dietary quality and achieving weight loss should be assessed in randomised controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Petersen
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, S.A., Australia
| | - Natalie Blanch
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, S.A., Australia
| | - Jennifer Keogh
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, S.A., Australia
| | - Peter Clifton
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, S.A., Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Future Treatment of Hypertension: Shifting the Focus from Blood Pressure Lowering to Arterial Stiffness Modulation? Curr Hypertens Rep 2015; 17:67. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-015-0569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
35
|
Habauzit V, Verny MA, Milenkovic D, Barber-Chamoux N, Mazur A, Dubray C, Morand C. Flavanones protect from arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women consuming grapefruit juice for 6 mo: a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:66-74. [PMID: 26016866 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.104646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of citrus fruits is associated with health benefits. However, clinical data regarding the effects of grapefruit flavanone consumption on vascular function are lacking. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to address the role of flavanones in the long-term effects induced by grapefruit juice (GFJ) consumption on vascular function in healthy postmenopausal women. DESIGN Forty-eight healthy postmenopausal women aged 50-65 y within 3-10 y since menopause, a body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 19-30, and a waist size >88 cm completed this double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover trial. These volunteers were randomly assigned to consume 340 mL GFJ/d, providing 210 mg naringenin glycosides, or a matched control drink without flavanones for 6 mo each, with a 2-mo washout between beverages. The primary endpoint was the assessment of endothelial function in the brachial artery by using flow-mediated dilation. Blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and endothelial function in the peripheral arterial bed were also evaluated as indicators of vascular function. These measurements and blood collection for clinical biochemical markers were performed in overnight-fasted subjects before and after the 6-mo treatment periods. RESULTS The mean ± SD carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, which reflects central aortic stiffness, was statistically significantly lower after consumption of GFJ (7.36 ± 1.15 m/s) than after consumption of the matched control drink without flavanones (7.70 ± 1.36 m/s), with a P value of 0.019 for the treatment effect. Endothelial function in macro- and microcirculation, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, glucose metabolism, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress were not affected by the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Regular GFJ consumption by middle-aged, healthy postmenopausal women is beneficial for arterial stiffness. This effect may be related to flavanones present in grapefruit. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01272167.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Habauzit
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Joint Research Unit (UMR) 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC 501, UMR 766, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and
| | - Marie-Anne Verny
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Joint Research Unit (UMR) 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Joint Research Unit (UMR) 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Barber-Chamoux
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Joint Research Unit (UMR) 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Cardiology, Gabriel Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andrzej Mazur
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Joint Research Unit (UMR) 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claude Dubray
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC 501, UMR 766, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and
| | - Christine Morand
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Joint Research Unit (UMR) 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Stress refers to a reaction given a particular stimulus. Stress is a common problem in most modern societies. Stress creates greater physiologic demands. Unhealthy eating patterns will only result in an increased level of stress, followed by further health problems if in the future if the issues are not resolved. Prolonged stress increases the metabolic needs of the body and causes many other changes. The increased metabolism can also cause an increase in the use and excretion of many nutrients. Although stress alters nutrient needs, if marginally deficient in a nutrient, stress can make that deficiency even worse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Gonzalez
- Nutrition Program, Department of Human Development, School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, GPO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA.
| | - Jorge R Miranda-Massari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, GPO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Toro-Funes N, Morales-Gutiérrez FJ, Veciana-Nogués MT, Vidal-Carou MC, Spencer JPE, Rodriguez-Mateos A. The intracellular metabolism of isoflavones in endothelial cells. Food Funct 2014; 6:98-108. [PMID: 25410768 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Data from epidemiological and human intervention studies have highlighted potential cardiovascular benefits of soy isoflavone-containing foods. In humans, genistein and daidzein are extensively metabolized after absorption into glucuronides and sulfate metabolites. However, limited data exist on isoflavone cellular metabolism, in particular in endothelial cells. We investigated the uptake and cellular metabolism of genistein, daidzein and its major in vivo microbial metabolite, equol, in human endothelial (HUVEC), liver (HepG2) and intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 monolayer). Our results indicate that genistein and daidzein are taken up by endothelial cells, and metabolized into methoxy-genistein-glucuronides, methoxy-genistein-sulfates and methoxy-daidzein-glucuronides. In contrast, equol was taken up but not metabolized. In HepG2 and Caco-2 cells, glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of genistein and daidzein and a sulfate conjugate of equol were formed. Our findings suggest that endothelial cell metabolism needs to be taken into account when investigating the cardioprotective mechanisms of action of isoflavones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Toro-Funes
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science-XaRTA, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, University of Barcelona, Avda. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921-Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Six weeks daily ingestion of whole blueberry powder increases natural killer cell counts and reduces arterial stiffness in sedentary males and females. Nutr Res 2014; 34:577-84. [PMID: 25150116 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that berries contain bioactive compounds, which reduce certain cancers and hypertension. Our hypothesis was that daily blueberry (BB) consumption would increase natural killer (NK) cells and plasma redox capacity and reduce blood pressure, augmentation index (AIx), central pulse wave velocity, and aortic systolic pressures (ASPs). Twenty-five men and postmenopausal women aged 18 to 50 years were recruited and randomized to BB (n, 13) or placebo groups (n, 12). Participants were provided with BB (equivalent to 250 g berries) or placebo powders each day for 6 weeks. Blood pressure, vascular performance testing, and blood samples were taken at baseline (presupplementation). Participants returned after 6 weeks and repeated all procedures. Presupplementation to postsupplementation comparisons for the main effects of treatment, time, and treatment-time interaction were made using a 2 (treatment) × 2 (times) repeated-measures analysis of variance for all vascular measures, redox status, and NK cell counts. Anthropometric measures were compared using t tests. Body mass, composition, and overall blood pressures were not affected in either group. Overall, AIx and ASPs were decreased in BB (treatment effect, P = .024 and P = .046, respectively). Plasma redox was not affected. Absolute NK cells were increased in BB (time, P = .001 and interaction, P = .012). Subjects (n, 9) with prehypertensive pressures (≥120/80 mm Hg, respectively) were examined as a subset using t tests and exhibited significant reductions in diastolic pressure (P = .038) from presupplementation to postsupplementation in BB. We conclude that BB ingestion for 6 weeks increases NK cells and reduces AIx, ASP, and diastolic pressures in sedentary males and females.
Collapse
|