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Jia L, Lu H, Wu J, Wang X, Wang W, Du M, Wang P, Du S, Su Y, Zhang N. Association between diet quality and obesity indicators among the working-age adults in Inner Mongolia, Northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1165. [PMID: 32711506 PMCID: PMC7382798 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a major risk factor for the global burden of disease in countries that are economically developed or not. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet quality and obesity indicators applying DASH and aMed. Methods This cross-sectional study on adult nutrition and chronic disease in Inner Mongolia (n = 1320). Dietary data were collected using 24-h diet recall for 3 consecutive days and weighing method. DASH and aMed were used to assess the dietary quality. WC, BMI and WC-BMI were used as obesity indicators. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between diet quality and obesity indicators. Results Higher diet quality, assessed by DASH, was only associated with WC. The odds ratio (OR) for abdominal obesity in the highest tertile of DASH scores compared with the lowest was 0.71 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53, 0.96; Ptrend = 0.03). Furthermore, aMed was inversely associated with obesity indicators. OR for abdominal obesity in the highest tertile of aMed score compared with the lowest were 0.63 (95% CI 0.47, 0.87; Ptrend = 0.005) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.41, 0.77; Ptrend = 0.02) for overweight and obesity, respectively, and 0.60 (95% CI 0.44, 0.81; Ptrend = 0.02) for high obesity risk. Conclusions Our findings suggest that dietary quality assessed using aMed is more closely associated with obesity than assessment using DASH in working-age adults in Inner Mongolia. The Mediterranean diet can be recommended as a healthy diet to control weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jia
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Haiwen Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Jing Wu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China.
| | - Wenrui Wang
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, 010031, China
| | - Maolin Du
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Sha Du
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Yuenan Su
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
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Papandreou C, Sala-Vila A, Galié S, Muralidharan J, Estruch R, Fitó M, Razquin C, Corella D, Ros E, Timiraos J, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Carlos S, Castañer O, Asensio EM, Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M. Association Between Fatty Acids of Blood Cell Membranes and Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:819-825. [PMID: 30727755 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
To examine the associations between baseline levels of fatty acids in blood cell membranes and their 1-year changes with the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in older adults at high cardiovascular disease risk.
Approach and Results—
This is a case-control study nested in the PREDIMED trial (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea), with 136 CHD cases and 272 controls (matched on age, sex, body mass index, intervention group, and time of permanence in the study to the time event). We used gas chromatography to measure the proportion of 22 fatty acids in blood cell membranes at baseline and after 1 year. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. After adjustment for classical CHD risk factors and multiple testing, 1 SD increase in baseline levels of C22:0, C24:0 and the sum of individual very long chain saturated fatty acids was associated with 56% (OR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.28–0.69]), 59% (OR, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.25–0.65]), and 55% (OR, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.29–0.70]) a decreased odds of developing CHD, respectively. Baseline C20:1n9 was associated with higher odds of CHD (OR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.25–2.00]).
Conclusions—
Higher levels of C22:0 and C24:0 were associated with a lower CHD incidence, whereas higher levels of C20:1n9 were associated with a higher risk. This study adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting potential differences in the cardiovascular disease effects of different types of circulating saturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Papandreou
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain (C.P., S.G., J.M., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic (A.S.-V., E.R.), University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Galié
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain (C.P., S.G., J.M., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
| | - Jananee Muralidharan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain (C.P., S.G., J.M., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (R.E.), University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain (M.F., O.C.)
| | - Cristina Razquin
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.R., S.C.)
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain (C.R., S.C.)
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain (D.C., E.M.A.)
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic (A.S.-V., E.R.), University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Timiraos
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain (J.T.)
| | - Jose Lapetra
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Unit Research, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Spain (J.L.)
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (L.S.-M.)
| | - Silvia Carlos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (C.R., S.C.)
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain (C.R., S.C.)
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain (M.F., O.C.)
| | - Eva M Asensio
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (L.S.-M.)
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain (C.P., S.G., J.M., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
| | - Mònica Bulló
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain (C.P., S.G., J.M., J.S.-S., M.B.)
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (C.P., A.S.-V., S.G., J.M., R.E., M.F., C.R., D.C., E.R., J.T., J.L., L.S.-M., O.C., E.M.A., J.S.-S., M.B.)
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6
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Meier T, Gräfe K, Senn F, Sur P, Stangl GI, Dawczynski C, März W, Kleber ME, Lorkowski S. Cardiovascular mortality attributable to dietary risk factors in 51 countries in the WHO European Region from 1990 to 2016: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Eur J Epidemiol 2019; 34:37-55. [PMID: 30547256 PMCID: PMC6325999 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to highlight the relationship between single dietary risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the WHO European Region. We used the comparative risk assessment framework of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate CVD mortality attributable to diet; comprising eleven forms of CVDs, twelve food and nutrient groups and 27 risk-outcome pairs in four GBD regions including 51 countries by age and sex between 1990 and 2016. In 2016, dietary risks were associated with 2.1 million cardiovascular deaths (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 1.7-2.5 million) in the WHO European Region, accounting for 22.4% of all deaths and 49.2% of CVD deaths. In terms of single dietary risks, a diet low in whole grains accounted for approximately 429,000 deaths, followed by a diet low in nuts and seeds (341,000 deaths), a diet low in fruits (262,000 deaths), a diet high in sodium (251,000 deaths), and a diet low in omega-3 fatty acids (227,000 deaths). Thus, with an optimized, i.e. balanced diet, roughly one in every five premature deaths could be prevented. Although age-standardized death rates decreased over the last 26 years, the absolute number of diet-related cardiovascular deaths increased between 2010 and 2016 by 25,600 deaths in Western Europe and by 4300 deaths in Central Asia. In 2016, approximately 601,000 deaths (28.6% of all diet-related CVD deaths) occurred among adults younger than 70 years. Compared to other behavioural risk factors, a balanced diet is a potential key lever to avoid premature deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Meier
- Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmannplatz 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Kira Gräfe
- Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmannplatz 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Franziska Senn
- Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmannplatz 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Patrick Sur
- Institute of Health Metrics Evaluation (IHME), University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Gabriele I Stangl
- Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmannplatz 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Dawczynski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
- Fifth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
- Fifth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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