1
|
Wang M, Wang C, Zhao M, Wu S, Xue H, Liu H. BMI-based metabolic syndrome severity score and arterial stiffness in a cohort Chinese study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1761-1768. [PMID: 38555245 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome severity z score(MetS-Z) and arterial stiffness(AS). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 7621 participants who took three physical examination and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(ba-pwv) test from 2006 were enrolled. Cumulative MetS-Z(cMetS-Z) was calculated by using blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, blood glucose and BMI. AS was assessed by ba-pwv. Cox regression model was used to evaluate the risk of AS. All participants were divided into four groups according to cMetS-Z(Q1-Q4). The average age of the participants was 43.06 ± 8.91 years old. During a median follow-up of 6.27 years, 1831cases of AS were identified. The incident rate of AS increased gradually from group Q1 to Q4. Compared with the lowest cMetS-Z(group Q1), the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of group Q2-Q4 for AS were 1.27 (1.09-1.47),1.28(1.10-1.48) and 1.45 (1.24-1.69) respectively. The cubic spline model indicated cMetS-Z had a liner relationship with AS and the cut-off value was lower than zero. Sub-group analysis suggested cMetS-Z was related to AS especially among participants who were younger and without obesity or hypertension or diabetes. CONCLUSION Higher cMetS-Z was associated with an increased risk of AS in this cohort community study, and this relationship seemed to be stronger among normal healthy subjects. REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR-TNC-11001489. CLINICAL TRIAL January 1st 2006, ChiCTR-TNC-11001489 and 2011.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Maoxiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063001, China
| | - Hao Xue
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schipper MC, Blaauwendraad SM, Koletzko B, Oei EHG, Jaddoe VWV, Gaillard R. Associations of childhood BMI, general and visceral fat mass with metabolite profiles at school-age. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01558-8. [PMID: 38851839 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity increases metabolic disease risk. Underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We examined associations of body mass index (BMI), total body fat mass, and visceral fat mass with serum metabolites at school-age, and explored whether identified metabolites improved the identification of children at risk of a metabolically unhealthy phenotype. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis among 497 children with a mean age of 9.8 (95% range 9.1, 10.6) years, participating in a population-based cohort study. We measured BMI, total body fat mass using DXA, and visceral fat mass using MRI. Serum concentrations of amino-acids, non-esterified-fatty-acids, phospholipids, and carnitines were determined using LC-MS/MS. Children were categorized as metabolically healthy or metabolically unhealthy, according to BMI, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, and insulin levels. RESULTS Higher BMI and total body fat mass were associated with altered concentrations of branched-chain amino-acids, essential amino-acids, and free carnitines. Higher BMI was also associated with higher concentrations of aromatic amino-acids and alkyl-lysophosphatidylcholines (FDR-corrected p-values < 0.05). The strongest associations were present for Lyso.PC.a.C14.0 and SM.a.C32.2 (FDR-corrected p-values < 0.01). Higher visceral fat mass was only associated with higher concentrations of 6 individual metabolites, particularly Lyso.PC.a.C14.0, PC.aa.C32.1, and SM.a.C32.2. We selected 15 metabolites that improved the prediction of a metabolically unhealthy phenotype, compared to BMI only (AUC: BMI: 0.59 [95% CI 0.47,0.71], BMI + Metabolites: 0.91 [95% CI 0.85,0.97]). CONCLUSIONS An adverse childhood body fat profile, characterized by higher BMI and total body fat mass, is associated with metabolic alterations, particularly in amino acids, phospholipids, and carnitines. Fewer associations were present for visceral fat mass. We identified a metabolite profile that improved the identification of impaired cardiometabolic health in children, compared to BMI only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille C Schipper
- The Generation R Study Group Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia M Blaauwendraad
- The Generation R Study Group Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- LMU - Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, Munich, Germany
| | - Edwin H G Oei
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Romy Gaillard
- The Generation R Study Group Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mead LC, Hill AM, Carter S, Coates AM. Effects of energy-restricted diets with or without nuts on weight, body composition and glycaemic control in adults: a scoping review. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38389450 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Energy-restricted (ER) diets promote weight loss and improve body composition and glycaemic control. Nut consumption also improves these parameters. However, less is known about the combined benefit of these two strategies. This scoping review implemented a systematic search of Medline, Embase and Scopus to identify randomised controlled trials evaluating the effect of ER diets with or without nuts on body mass, body composition and glycaemic control in adults. After reviewing titles and abstracts, twenty-nine full-text articles were screened, resulting in seven studies reported in eight papers that met the inclusion criteria. Energy restriction was achieved by prescribing a set energy target or reducing intake by 1000-4200 kJ from daily energy requirements. Interventions ranged from 4 to 52 weeks in duration and contained 42-84 g/d of almonds, peanuts, pistachios or walnuts. While all studies reported that energy restriction resulted in significant weight loss, the addition of nuts to ER diets demonstrated significantly greater weight loss in only approximately half of the included studies (4/7 studies). There was limited evidence to support additional benefits from nuts for body composition measures or glycaemic control. Although improvements in weight loss and glycaemia were not consistent when nuts were included in ER diets, no study revealed an adverse effect of nut consumption on health outcomes. Future studies could explore the effect of consuming different types and amounts of nuts, combined with various levels of energy restriction on weight, body composition and glycaemic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Mead
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sharayah Carter
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Laszlo N. Perceptions and Proficiencies of Primary Care Physicians Treating Metabolic Syndrome: A Descriptive Survey-Based Study. THE JOURNAL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2023:00005141-990000000-00083. [PMID: 37341573 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic condition that has been implicated in adverse public health outcomes worldwide, including in the United States. It has been linked to diseases such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Little is known about the perceptions and practices of primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding MetS. The only studies examining this research topic were conducted outside the United States. The aim of this study was to evaluate the MetS knowledge, proficiency, training, and practices of American PCPs, for the purpose of informing future physician education initiatives directed at MetS. METHODS This was a descriptive correlational design using a Likert-scale questionnaire. The survey was distributed to more than 4000 PCPs. The first 100 completed surveys were evaluated using descriptive statistical analyses. RESULTS Cumulative survey results revealed that most PCPs perceived themselves as knowledgeable on MetS, but only a minority demonstrated an understanding of leading-edge MetS protocols. Ninety-seven percent agreed that MetS is a condition of concern, but only 22% reported possessing sufficient time and resources to fully address MetS. Only half indicated that they had received training in MetS. DISCUSSION Overall results suggested that a lack of time, training, and resources may pose the greatest obstacles to optimal MetS care. Future studies should aim to identify the specific reasons why these barriers exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Laszlo
- Dr. Laszlo : A.T. Still University, College of Graduate Health Studies, Kirksville, MO
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jansåker F, Ekström O, Memon AA, Hansson O, Johansson SE, Sundquist K. Examining the causal effect of type 2 diabetes on ischemic heart disease - A longitudinal study with four measurements (1980-2017). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 198:110595. [PMID: 36842479 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This longitudinal study examines a possible causal effect between type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease (IHD) by using measurements on four occasions from the Swedish Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) together with nationwide healthcare registers. METHODS This was a longitudinal study based on a random sample of men and women (n = 2014) from the Swedish population with four measurements in the SILC every eight years. Baseline was 1980/81 and the participants were followed for up to 37 years. The mean age and age range at baseline were 36.5 and 20-59 years, respectively. The study used Marginal Structural Modeling (MSM-Cox) to account for time-varying exposures by implementing inverse probability weighting (IPTW). MSM-Cox with IPTW was compared with Cox proportional hazard modelling. RESULTS The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD (369 cases) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in participants with type 2 diabetes (11.1%) compared to participants without type 2 diabetes (88.9%) was significantly higher (1.99; CI = 1.15 - 3.44) when using MSM-Cox with IPTW after adjustments for clinical and sociodemographic risk factors. When applying Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for the same variables, the HR was lower and non-significant at 1.34 (CI = 0.94 - 1.98). CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study with four measurements assessed a possible causal association between type 2 diabetes and IHD by applying MSM-Cox with IPTW. Although causality cannot be determined due to the remaining risk of residual bias, the results may help to elucidate a potential causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and IHD. Further causal studies on possible underlying mechanisms are, however, needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Jansåker
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Ekström
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sven-Erik Johansson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA; Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Daniels TE, Zitkovsky EK, Kunicki ZJ, Price DJ, Peterson AL, Dennery PA, Kao HT, Price LH, Tyrka AR, Abrantes AM. Associations of circulating cell-free DNA, C-reactive protein, and cardiometabolic risk among low-active smokers with elevated depressive symptoms. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 25:100519. [PMID: 36164463 PMCID: PMC9508337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is elevated in several disease states. Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of factors associated with poor cardiometabolic outcomes. This study examined associations of cfDNA from the nucleus (cf-nDNA) and mitochondria (cf-mtDNA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and metabolic syndrome risk, in low-active smokers with depressive symptoms. Methods Participants (N = 109; mean age 47) self-reported medical history. Physical activity was determined by accelerometry and anthropometrics were measured. Blood was collected and analyzed for cf-nDNA, cf-mtDNA, CRP, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, hemoglobin A1c. A continuous metabolic syndrome composite risk score was calculated. Relationships of cf-nDNA, cf-mtDNA, CRP, and cardiometabolic risk were examined with correlations and linear regression. Results CRP and cf-nDNA were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome risk (r = .39 and r = .31, respectively), cf-mtDNA was not (r = .01). In a linear regression, CRP and cf-nDNA significantly predicted the metabolic syndrome risk score, findings that remained significant controlling for age, gender, nicotine dependence, and physical activity. Conclusions Associations of cf-nDNA with both CRP and metabolic risk suggest a role for cf-nDNA in inflammatory processes associated with metabolic syndrome. The negative findings for cf-mtDNA suggest distinct roles for cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA in these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa E. Daniels
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational, Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Corresponding author. 1011 Veterans Memorial Parkway, Riverside, RI, 02915, USA.
| | - Emily K. Zitkovsky
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational, Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Zachary J. Kunicki
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Destiny J. Price
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Abigail L. Peterson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Phyllis A. Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Hung-Teh Kao
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Price
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational, Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational, Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ana M. Abrantes
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA,Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Booker R, Jones R, Galloway R, Holmes ME. Differences of Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Among Metabolic Syndrome Clusters. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276211056874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are risk indicators for cardiometabolic diseases. Novel methods for researching MetS by the 16 unique clusters (i.e., WC+FBG+BP) and as a continuous severity z-score (MetS-Z) have emerged. This study examined how SB, PA, and MetS-Z differed among MetS clusters and SB and PA differences by MetS-Z tertiles. Methods: Using 2015-2016 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) data, participants with MetS (N = 792) were identified. Subsequently, sex-, race-, and ethnicity-specific MetS-Z were calculated. SB and PA differences were compared between MetS clusters and MetS-Z tertiles. Additionally, MetS-Z was compared between MetS clusters. Results: The WC+FBG+BP MetS cluster was prevalent among 23.80% of participants (95% CIs, 18.41-30.18) and the overall mean MetS-Z was 1.16 (1.08-1.24). Participants reported over 6 daily hours of SB (393.41 minutes⋅day-1 [370.07-416.75]). The TRI+FBG+BP+HDL MetS cluster had less SB than the WC+TRI+FBG+HDL, WC+TRI+HDL, and WC+FBG+BP MetS clusters. PA did not differ between MetS clusters and no differences in SB or PA between MetS-Z tertiles. Conclusions: Limited differences in SB and PA were observed. Participants with 4 or more MetS criteria had worse MetS-Z. Efforts should support replacing SB with PA to improve cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Booker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Raymond Jones
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Riley Galloway
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Megan E. Holmes
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Wu C, Qin F, Yuan J. Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: a national cross-sectional study. Aging Male 2021; 24:148-159. [PMID: 34751610 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2021.1998432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, China has an increasingly aging population. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in this high-risk population for metabolic diseases remains unknown. This study investigates the age- and gender-specific prevalence and associated factors of MetS in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. METHODS Data were collected and subjected to descriptive statistics. Further, univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relevant factors, and then multivariate logistic regression was selected to construct the final model. RESULTS A total of 10,834 participants were included in the present study. The overall prevalence of MetS is 32.97% as defined by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and 29.75% under National Cholesterol Education Program-The Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. With aging, the prevalence of MetS descends in males while ascends in females. In the >70 years old group, the prevalence of MetS is three times higher in females than that in males (50.43% versus 16.03%). Across all age groups and sexes, the prevalence of MetS in urban areas is significantly higher than in rural areas. Besides, regardless of gender, the prevalence of MetS is the highest for those living in the north region (28.41% for males and 51.74% for females) and the lowest for those living in the southwest region (13.91% for males and 31.58% for females). Finally, an afternoon nap has been identified as a positively associated factor, while blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been identified as a negatively associated factor (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of MetS varies in different age groups, sexes, living areas, and regions. An afternoon nap is positively associated with the prevalence of MetS, while BUN is negatively associated with MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangchang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuxun Zhang
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjing Wu
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sundquist K, Johansson SE, Memon AA, Calling S, Ohlsson H, Szulkin R, Jimenez E, Sundquist J. Elucidating causal effects of type 2 diabetes on ischemic heart disease from observational data on middle-aged Swedish women: a triangular analytical approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12579. [PMID: 34131261 PMCID: PMC8206102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) is well established but the potential causal association needs further studying. In an attempt to elucidate the causal effect of T2D on IHD, we used three different analytical approaches in two different datasets. A well-defined cohort of 6047 women aged 50–59 years were included at baseline (1995 to 2000) and followed until 2015 for IHD. The median follow-up was 16.3 years. We used a Marginal Structural Cox model (MSM Cox) to account for time-varying exposure (time at onset of T2D) and for ten confounders (using inverse probability weighting, IPW). We also compared the MSM-Cox models with traditional Cox regression modelling in the cohort. Finally, we analyzed information on individuals from Swedish population-based registers with national coverage in a comprehensive co-relative design and extrapolated the results to MZ twins. The Hazard Ratio (HR) for IHD in relation to T2D at baseline and T2D occurring during the follow-up in the MSM Cox model weighted by IPW (based on the ten included confounders) was 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.92). The corresponding HR from the traditional Cox regression model was of similar effect size. The average extrapolated MZ twin estimate from our co-relative model was 1.61 (95% CI 1.48–1.86). Our findings, based on a triangular approach, support the existence of a causal association between T2D and IHD and that preventive long-term measures in order to avoid or postpone IHD should include monitoring and treatment of both the T2D itself as well as other cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Johansson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Susanna Calling
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Ohlsson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | | | - Eladio Jimenez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBERESP Spain, Chair of Teaching and Research in Family Medicine, SEMERGEN-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Metabolic syndrome and the plasma proteome: from association to causation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:111. [PMID: 34016094 PMCID: PMC8138979 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS), defined by the simultaneous clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors, is a significant worldwide public health burden with an estimated 25% prevalence worldwide. The pathogenesis of MetS is not entirely clear and the use of molecular level data could help uncover common pathogenic pathways behind the observed clustering. Methods Using a highly multiplexed aptamer-based affinity proteomics platform, we examined associations between plasma proteins and prevalent and incident MetS in the KORA cohort (n = 998) and replicated our results for prevalent MetS in the HUNT3 study (n = 923). We applied logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and physical activity. We used the bootstrap ranking algorithm of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to select a predictive model from the incident MetS associated proteins and used area under the curve (AUC) to assess its performance. Finally, we investigated the causal effect of the replicated proteins on MetS using two-sample Mendelian randomization. Results Prevalent MetS was associated with 116 proteins, of which 53 replicated in HUNT. These included previously reported proteins like leptin, and new proteins like NTR domain-containing protein 2 and endoplasmic reticulum protein 29. Incident MetS was associated with 14 proteins in KORA, of which 13 overlap the prevalent MetS associated proteins with soluble advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (sRAGE) being unique to incident MetS. The LASSO selected an eight-protein predictive model with an (AUC = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.71–0.79) in KORA. Mendelian randomization suggested causal effects of three proteins on MetS, namely apolipoprotein E2 (APOE2) (Wald-Ratio = − 0.12, Wald-p = 3.63e−13), apolipoprotein B (APOB) (Wald-Ratio = − 0.09, Wald-p = 2.54e−04) and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor (RET) (Wald-Ratio = 0.10, Wald-p = 5.40e−04). Conclusions Our findings offer new insights into the plasma proteome underlying MetS and identify new protein associations. We reveal possible casual effects of APOE2, APOB and RET on MetS. Our results highlight protein candidates that could potentially serve as targets for prevention and therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-021-01299-2.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang C, Gao X, Han Y, Teng W, Shan Z. Correlation Between Thyroid Nodules and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:730279. [PMID: 34603208 PMCID: PMC8481784 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.730279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid nodules (TNs) are a common thyroid disorder that can be caused by many factors. Several studies have investigated the relationship between TNs and metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the role of sex and age remains controversial. The purpose of this paper was to analyze published data from all relevant studies to reliably estimate the relationship between TNs and MetS. METHODS Thirteen articles were included in this study; articles were identified by searching for publications until July 2021 in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science. The outcomes are presented as the summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and the pooled prevalence and 95% CI. RESULTS The TNs prevalence was significantly higher in MetS patients than in controls (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.42-2.50, P < 0.0001) and was independent of sex (male: OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.20-1.94, P = 0.0006; female: OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.54-2.33, P < 0.00001; combined: OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.31-3.25, P = 0.002) and age (< 40 years old: OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.39-1.89, P < 0.0001; 40~50 years old: OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.49-3.08, P < 0.0001;50~60 years old: OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.08-2.07, P = 0. 01; 60 years old: OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.36-2.14, P < 0.00001); the pooled TNs prevalence in MetS patients was 45% (95% CI 36-54%). However, it has not yet been considered that MetS is related to TNs in people with iodine deficiency (OR 3.14, 95% CI 0.92-10.73, P = 0.07). CONCLUSION The meta-analysis results showed a strong correlation between TNs and MetS. Both male and female patients with MetS had an increased TNs prevalence. In addition, the prevalence was independent of age. However, MetS is not considered to be associated with TNs in iodine-deficient populations.
Collapse
|
12
|
Naghipour M, Joukar F, Nikbakht HA, Hassanipour S, Asgharnezhad M, Arab-Zozani M, Mansour-Ghanaei F. High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Demographic Factors in North of Iran: Results from the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:8862456. [PMID: 33859688 PMCID: PMC8024063 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8862456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased in recent decades around the world and is currently reaching epidemic levels as it is a major public health and clinical concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its related demographic factors in a population-based study. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the target population consisted of 10520 individuals aged 35-70 years in Phase 1 of the Persian Guilan cohort study (Guilan site/Some'e Sara) that was conducted in 2014-2017. Demographic, anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical data were used in this study. The IDF definitions were used to diagnose the metabolic syndrome. RESULTS The prevalence of the syndrome according to IDF and ATP definition was 42.87% (95% CI: 41.92-41.81) and 40.68% (95% CI: 39.74-41.62), respectively. The prevalence of components for central obesity, high triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and hypertension components was 75.8%, 43.1%, 40.6%, 39.2% and 37.9%, respectively. All demographic variables were related to the syndrome, and among them age, gender, and residence were identified as independent and strong predictive variables in the regression model. More than 92% of the population had at least one component of the syndrome. CONCLUSION The results of the study show a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome risk factors. It is essential to educate healthy lifestyle behaviors and further health education in the high-risk groups identified in this study, especially the elderly, women, and rural residents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Naghipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Asgharnezhad
- Caspian Digestive Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Caspian Digestive Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|