Le syndrome métabolique

Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome and Study of Anthropometric, Clinical and Biological Characteristics in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women in the City of Ksar El Kebir (Northern Morocco)

This study aimed to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome and to identify its predictive factors in peri- and post-menopausal women in the city of Ksar El Kebir, in northern Morocco. A total of 373 peri- and post-menopausal women between 45 and 64 years old participated in the study. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) definition. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to assess the degree of obesity in women; anthropometric, clinical and biological parameters were collected during interviews. The mean ages of peri- and postmenopausal women were 48.84 ± 2.4 years and 56.65 ± 4.29 years, respectively. Postmenopausal women had higher means of anthropometric and biological parameters than peri-menopausal women. We also noted a predominance of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women (n = 158) compared to peri-menopausal women (n = 81). Waist circumference was the predominant marker in the subjects studied, whereas triglycerides were the lower marker. In the overall population, the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors were higher in postmenopausal women than in peri-menopausal women, from which it can be concluded that post menopause may be a predictor of metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Aim

Our study aims to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with diabetes mellitus, identify its determinants, and determine the correlation between MS and degenerative complications.

Method

A retrospective, descriptive and analytic study was conducted at the Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nutrition department of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez, over the period between January 2009 and January 2019. We included in our study all type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. The presence of metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA / NHLBI) Joint Scientific Statement (2009). The data were entered in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation. 2018). and analyzed using SPSS software (IBM Corp. Released 2015. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp).

Result

A total of 1034 patients were included in this study; 78.7% were type 2 diabetics (T2D) and 21.3% were type 1 diabetics (T1D). The average age was 52,06 ± 17,33 years in T2D and 27,04 ± 9,66 years in T1D. 65,5% were females. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 78.4% for T2D, and 27.3% for T1D. The most common abnormality was high blood pressure in T2D (87.7%), and visceral obesity in T1D (68.3%). The most common triad was the association of increased waist circumference, hypertension, and diabetes (in 25,5% of T2D and 20% of T1D). By comparing the population of diabetics with metabolic syndrome (MS) and those without, we noticed a significant difference (p<0.05) concerning age, gender, all components of MS (high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, hyper triglyceridemia (TG), and hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Diabetic retinopathy and ischemic heart disease were the only chronic complications correlated with MS (p <0.05).

Conclusion

High prevalence of metabolic syndrome in diabetic patients. Its screening and the specific treatment of its various components are essential in order to reduce the complications which jeopardize the functional as well as the vital prognosis of these patients.

Determinants of metabolic syndrome: a population survey at Bizerte military garrison in 2015-2017

Introduction:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a worldwide major public health problem. In Tunisia, few studies have focused on MetS in general population and in military setting in particular.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of the MetS in a military population at Bizerte garrison (Tunisia) and to identify its associated factors.

Methods:

An analytical cross sectional study was conducted in Bizerte military garrison during the period 2015-2017. The study population was the active military persons who were presents during the time of the survey and assigned at the three main navy, air force and army units of Bizerte garrison. The adopted definition for the diagnosis of MetS was the International Diabetes Federation 2005 (IDF 2005). Multivariate analysis using a binary logistic regression model to identify independent factors to MetS (variable of interest) was performed. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0 Software.

Results:

During the study period, 2500 active military were enrolled among them 2418 men. The mean age was 36.6 ± 9.1 years [20.0 – 59.0]. The prevalence of MetS was 17.7%. MetS was significantly higher among participants aged 40 and above, (23.8% vs 13.1%), single (21.6% vs 13.7%), diabetic (38.5% vs 15.5%), and assigned in the air force (23.1% vs 14.6%) compared to the rest of the study population. The independent factors identified in multivariate analysis were age, armed forces' affiliation and marital status.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of MetS in our military population was relatively high despite of the medical criteria imposed before incorporation. Population and targeted approach are needed to prevent this scourge and to protect from the complications.

Metabolic syndrome, malnutrition, and its associations with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients: Follow-up for three years

Metabolic disorder contributes to the increase in the mortality rate of patients on hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and malnutrition in patients on maintenance HD and to evaluate their influence on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality during the follow-up. We carried out a prospective cross- sectional study in which we enrolled 100 patients from a single center who had been followed up for three years. Collected data included demographic characteristics, detailed medical history, clinical variables, MS variables, nutritional status, and laboratory findings. The outcomes were the occurrence of a cardiovascular event and cardiovascular or all-cause mortality during the follow-up period. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used for statistical analysis. Whereas 50% of patients had MS, 23% showed evidence of malnutrition. Patients with MS were older and had more preexisting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). All patients were followed for 36 months. During this time, 19 patients with MS and 14 patients without MS died (38% vs. 28%; P = 0.19), most frequently of CVD. Mean survival time was 71.52 ± 42.1 months for MS group versus 92.06 ± 65 months for non-MS group, but the difference was not significant. MS was related with a higher cardiovascular mortality, while malnutrition was significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Our data showed that MS was not related to cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in HD patients and did not influence survival. The independent risk factors for all-cause mortality were older age, preexisting CVD, and malnutrition.

Metabolic abnormalities and overweight in HIV/AIDS persons-treated with antiretroviral therapy

OBJECTIVE: To describe the proportion of overweight among patients with human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and correlate overweight and highly active antiretroviral therapy with metabolic complications. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome outpatients undergoing nutritional therapy from 2000 to 2006 in a University Health Center. The sample consisted of 393 human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome patients. Nutritional and medical records were used as a source of data on personal, clinical and biochemical information. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test. RESULTS: Sixty-nine percent of the patients were males aging from 26 to 49 years. Overweight and obesity were identified in 49% of this population. The most important metabolic complications were low levels of high-density lipoprotein (70%) and high levels of triglycerides (48%) and cholesterol (40%). Higher body mass index was associated with higher lipid levels and more evidence of insulin resistance. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated an important proportion of overweight and obesity among human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome patients. These results suggest that nutritional interventions and lifestyle modifications may be useful strategies to decrease the cardiovascular risk in this population.