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Harizi N, Zouari A, Rokbeni N, Ben Zid M, M’hiri N, Salem A, Ayadi MA, Boudhrioua N. Amino acids and protein profiles of defatted camel and cow milk fractions: correlation with their in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1295878. [PMID: 38274210 PMCID: PMC10809393 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1295878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This work presents proteins, amino acids profiles and antioxidant and properties of camel and cow milk fractions produced using an integrated coagulation-centrifugation process. Methods Antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging assay; and antidiabetic activity antidiabetic activity using in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity were assessed on defatted milk fractions and their extracts using water/ethanol or HCl/ethanol solvents. Protein profiles and amino acids composition were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results and discussions The predominant protein found in cow and camel milk was β-casein in sodium caseinate, β-lactoglobulin was found in the whey of cow milk, whereas α-lactalbumin was detected in the whey fractions of camel. The primary amino acids (comprising 1% to 5.2%) in skim milk and sweet whey milk were leucine, proline, and lysine. However, acid whey, casein fractions (sodium caseinate, and β-casein) from both camel and cow milk exhibited elevated concentrations of histidine, leucine, lysine and proline (1.12 - 6.62%). Camel milk and its different protein fractions showed an interesting in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity varying, according to different milk fractions and extraction methods, from 19.10 ± 1.40 to 97.40 ± 1.50%. Whatever the used method, the whey fractions from camel milk, both acid and sweet, displayed ed the highest antioxidant activity. Principal components analysis showed a positive correlation between the total phenols content, antioxidant (DPPH assay) and antidiabetic (α amylase inhibition test) activities within the milk fractions. Sweet and acid cow milk fractions seem to be the most promising for deeper exploration of in vivo biological activities and are promising milk derivatives for specific nutritional diet and/or functional food formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Harizi
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Zouari
- Laboratory of Analyses, Valorization and Food Safety, Food Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Biological Engineering Department, University Institute of Technology of Saint-Brieuc (IUT Saint-Brieuc), University of Rennes, Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - Nesrine Rokbeni
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Malek Ben Zid
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nouha M’hiri
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Ali Salem
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Engineering National School of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- High Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Medinine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Ayadi
- Laboratory of Analyses, Valorization and Food Safety, Food Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agro-food Products, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nourhene Boudhrioua
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, LR17ES03, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
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Karbasi S, Binabaj MM, Khorasanchi Z, Bideh M, Zarban A, Bahrami A. Association between adherence to a low carbohydrate dietary (LCD) pattern with breast milk characteristics and oxidative markers in infants' urine: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:40. [PMID: 37149671 PMCID: PMC10163718 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk (BM) is a dynamic fluid that varies over time and between women. The variations in BM components are most likely associated with maternal diet quality. This study aimed to assess adherence to a low carbohydrate dietary (LCD) pattern with oxidative stress markers of BM characteristics and infants' urine. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study 350 breastfeeding mothers and their infants were recruited. BM samples were collected from mothers, and urine specimens were obtained from each infant. To evaluate LCD scores, subjects were divided into 10 deciles according to the percent of energy obtained from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Determination of total antioxidant activity was conducted using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and Ellman's assay. Biochemical assays of samples including calcium, total protein, and triglyceride level were also performed using commercial kits. RESULTS Participants with the greatest LCD pattern adherence were placed into the last quartile (Q4), and those with the minimum LCD were in the first quartile (Q1). Individuals in the highest LCD quartile had significantly higher levels of milk FRAP, thiol, and protein, as well as infant urinary FRAP and lower milk MDA levels than those in the lowest quartile. Multivariate linear regression analyses indicated that higher score of the LCD pattern was associated with a higher level of milk thiol, protein, and lower level of milk MDA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings show that adherence to a LCD, as defined by a low level of carbohydrates in daily food intake, is linked with improved BM quality and markers of oxidative stress in infant urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Karbasi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorasanchi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Milad Bideh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Asghar Zarban
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Almarfadi OM, Siddiqui NA, Shahat AA, Alqahtani AS, Alam P, Nasr FA, Alshahrani SS, Noman OM. Quantification of biomarkers and evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity properties of Dodonaea viscosa grown in Saudi Arabia using HPTLC technique. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindaceae) was collected from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. For the simultaneous measurement of quercetin and kaempferol, a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) approach was devised in D. viscosa leaf extract. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect was tested against three cancer cell lines A549, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231. The potential anti-inflammatory properties of different fractions of D. viscosa were also evaluated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced THP-1 macrophages cells. The test samples include a crude extract of leaves and its solvent-soluble fractions of D. viscosa. The results showed that the crude extract and its fractions exhibited various significant biological activities, the fraction of chloroform demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 values: 172.2 and 257.7 µg/mL for both DPPH and ABTS tests. Additionally, the chloroform fraction had the greatest cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 (IC50 values: 24.6 ± 0.4 µg/mL). Moreover, the chloroform fraction exhibited the highest downregulation of the LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6. Quercetin and kaempferol were estimated concurrently in leaves crude extract using a validated technique on an HPTLC plate (10 cm2 × 10 cm2) with a combination of toluene–ethyl acetate–formic acid (5:4:0.2; v/v/v) as the mobile phase and a λ
max of 254 nm. The amount of quercetin and kaempferol was found to be 31.8 and 15.01 mg/g of dried leaf extract, respectively. The presence of high levels of quercetin and kaempferol in D. viscosa leaves extract could explain its remarkable antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The devolved HPTLC method can be used for routine analysis and standardization of D. viscosa crude plant material, extracts, and/or finished products using quercetin and kaempferol as appropriate markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer M. Almarfadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A. Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelaaty A. Shahat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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Three-Dimensional Printing of a Container Tablet: A New Paradigm for Multi-Drug-Containing Bioactive Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug-Delivery Systems (Bio-SNEDDSs). Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051082. [PMID: 35631668 PMCID: PMC9147480 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This research demonstrates the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing to control the delivery of multiple drugs containing bioactive self-nano emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SNEDDSs). Around two-thirds of the new chemical entities being introduced in the market are associated with some inherent issues, such as poor solubility and high lipophilicity. SNEDDSs provide for an innovative and easy way to develop a delivery platform for such drugs. Combining this platform with FDM 3D printing would further aid in developing new strategies for delivering poorly soluble drugs and personalized drug-delivery systems with added therapeutic benefits. This study evaluates the performance of a 3D-printed container system containing curcumin (CUR)- and lansoprazole (LNS)-loaded SNEDDS. The SNEDDS showed 50% antioxidant activity (IC50) at concentrations of around 330.1 µg/mL and 393.3 µg/mL in the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay, respectively. These SNEDDSs were loaded with no degradation and leakage from the 3D-printed container. We were able to delay the release of the SNEDDS from the hollow prints while controlling the print wall thickness to achieve lag phases of 30 min and 60 min before the release from the 0.4 mm and 1 mm wall thicknesses, respectively. Combining these two innovative drug-delivery strategies demonstrates a novel option for tackling the problems associated with multi-drug delivery and delivery of drugs susceptible to degradation in, i.e., gastric pH for targeting disease conditions throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). It is also envisaged that such delivery systems reported herein can be an ideal solution to deliver many challenging molecules, such as biologics, orally or near the target site in the future, thus opening a new paradigm for multi-drug-delivery systems.
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A Phytochemical Analysis, Microbial Evaluation and Molecular Interaction of Major Compounds of Centaurea bruguieriana Using HPLC-Spectrophotometric Analysis and Molecular Docking. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Centaurea is one of the most important genera within the family Asteraceae. An investigation of the phytochemical composition of Centaurea bruguieriana using Gas-Chromatography coupled to Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration method (MIC) and validated by molecular docking for the major compounds of the most active fraction (1,10-di-epi-cubenol and methyl 8-oxooctanoate) of C. bruguieriana against three bacterial receptors (TyrRS, DNA gyrase, and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)). Evaluation of antioxidant activity was conducted using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the contents of major compounds from ethyl acetate fraction (luteolin 7-O-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, kaempferol and isorhamnetin). The antimicrobial activity test showed that the chloroform fraction was more active against all microbial strains. The results of the molecular docking of two major compounds from chloroform fraction showed that good affinities were made between 1,10-di-epi-cubenol and the three selected receptors (TyrRs: −6.0 Kcal/mol against −8.2 Kcal/mol obtained with clorobiocin (standard); DNA gyrase: −6.6 Kcal/mol against −9.1 Kcal/mole obtained with clorobiocin; DHFR: −7.4 Kcal/mol against −6.3 Kcal/mol obtained with SCHEMBL2181345 Standard). Antioxidant evaluation showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction in DPPH (IC50 49.4 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 52.8 µg/mL) models. HPLC results showed the contents of luteolin 7-O-glucoside (7.4 µg/mg), and chlorogenic acid (3.2 µg/mg). Our study demonstrated that C. bruguierana is a promising source of bioactive compounds.
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Kuroiwa T, Ohtani Y, Obara Y, Terada F, Watanabe K, Shirakawa H, Komai M, Satoh H, Sato S, Ichijo T. Effect of vitamin K3 supplementation on immunoglobulin G concentration in colostrum of periparturient Holstein dairy cows. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13706. [PMID: 35266246 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was to examine the effects of dietary vitamin K (VK) 3 supplementation on immune-related substances in milk, oxidative stress indices in plasma and VK1, and menaquinone 4 (MK-4) in plasma and milk in periparturient dairy cows. Forty healthy perinatal Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were used in this study. Twenty-one animals were randomly selected and categorized into the VK3 supplemented (50 mg/day/head as VK3) group; the remaining 19 were categorized into the control group. On day 3 after calving, blood and milk were sampled, and their chemical components were determined. The VK3 supplemented group had significantly higher menaquinone 4 levels in plasma and milk on day 3 postpartum than the control group. In addition, there was a significant increase in the immunoglobulin G (IgG) level in milk. VK3 may be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and converted to MK-4, the biologically active form of VK, in the mammary gland and other tissues. It was thought that the increase in MK-4 level in plasma and milk induced an increase in the concentration of IgG in milk. VK3 supplementation to periparturient dairy cows may contribute to the production of colostrum with high concentrations of IgG and MK-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kuroiwa
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.,Miyagi Prefectural Federation of Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Ohtani
- Meiji Feed Company Limited, Mito Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Obara
- Meiji Feed Company Limited, Mito Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fuminori Terada
- Meiji Feed Company Limited, Mito Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kimika Watanabe
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.,Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sato
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.,Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ichijo
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
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Abdel-Hamid MS, Hamouda RAEF, Abd El-Aal H, Badawy GA. Distinctive Application of the Consortium of Chlorella vulgaris and Anabaena oryzae Toward Different Planting Dates and Climate Change on Jerusalem Artichoke Yield. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022; 41:479-493. [DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-Based Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Sennoside A, Sennoside B, Aloe-Emodin, Emodin, and Chrysophanol from Senna alexandrina (Aerial Parts): HPLC-UV and Antioxidant Analysis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010298. [PMID: 35011528 PMCID: PMC8746307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were optimized to maximize the yields of sennoside A, sennoside B, aloe-emodin, emodin, and chrysophanol from S. alexandrina (aerial parts). The three UAE factors, extraction temperature (S1), extraction time (S2), and liquid to solid ratio (S3), were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken design was used for experimental design and phytoconstituent analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-UV. The optimal extraction conditions were found to be a 64.2 °C extraction temperature, 52.1 min extraction time, and 25.2 mL/g liquid to solid ratio. The experimental values of sennoside A, sennoside B, aloe-emodin, emodin, and chrysophanol (2.237, 12.792, 2.457, 0.261, and 1.529%, respectively) agreed with those predicted (2.152, 12.031, 2.331, 0.214, and 1.411%, respectively) by RSM models, thus demonstrating the appropriateness of the model used and the accomplishment of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions. Excellent antioxidant properties were exhibited by S. alexandrina methanol extract obtained using the optimized extraction conditions with a DPPH assay (IC50 = 59.7 ± 1.93, µg/mL) and ABTS method (47.2 ± 1.40, µg/mL) compared to standard ascorbic acid.
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Purba RAP, Paengkoum S, Yuangklang C, Paengkoum P, Salem AZM, Juan Boo L. Mammary gene expressions and oxidative indicators in ruminal fluid, blood, milk, and mammary tissue of dairy goats fed a total mixed ration containing piper meal (Piper betle L.). ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.2007173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Siwaporn Paengkoum
- Program in Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Chalermpon Yuangklang
- Department of Agricultural Technology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pramote Paengkoum
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | | | - Liang Juan Boo
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Valls-Bellés V, Abad C, Hernández-Aguilar MT, Nacher A, Guerrero C, Baliño P, Romero FJ, Muriach M. Human Milk Antioxidative Modifications in Mastitis: Further Beneficial Effects of Cranberry Supplementation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010051. [PMID: 35052555 PMCID: PMC8772773 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is the inflammation of one or several mammal lobes which can be accompanied by a mammary gland infection, and is the leading cause of undesired early weaning in humans. However, little information exists regarding the changes that this disease may induce in the biochemical composition of human milk, especially in terms of oxidative status. Given that newborns are subject to a significant increase in total ROS burden in their transition to neonatal life and that their antioxidant defense system is not completely developed, the aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant defense (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total polyphenol content (TPP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) in milk samples from mothers suffering from mastitis and controls. We also measured the oxidative damage to lipids (malondyaldehyde (MDA)) and proteins (carbonyl group content (CGC)) in these samples. Finally, we tested whether dietary supplementation with cranberries (a product rich in antioxidants) in these breastfeeding mothers during 21 days could improve the oxidative status of milk. GPx activity, TPP, and TAC were increased in milk samples from mastitis-affected women, providing a protective mechanism to the newborn drinking mastitis milk. MDA concentrations were diminished in the mastitis group, confirming this proposal. Some oxidative damage might occur in the mammary gland since the CGC was increased in mastitis milk. Cranberries supplementation seems to strengthen the antioxidant system, further improving the antioxidative state of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Valls-Bellés
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Cristina Abad
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Aguilar
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Amalia Nacher
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Carlos Guerrero
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Pablo Baliño
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Francisco J. Romero
- Hospital General de Requena, Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, 46340 Requena, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.R.); (M.M.)
| | - María Muriach
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain; (V.V.-B.); (C.A.); (M.T.H.-A.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.J.R.); (M.M.)
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Lawal OM, van Stuijvenberg L, Boon N, Awolu O, Fogliano V, Linnemann AR. Technological and nutritional properties of amaranth-fortified yellow cassava pasta. J Food Sci 2021; 86:5213-5225. [PMID: 34796502 PMCID: PMC9299002 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Yellow cassava is an affordable starting material to design a healthy food, having high β-carotene content. White and yellow cassava functional pasta were fortified with 50 g/kg (w/w) amaranth dry leaf powder and analyzed to evaluate the impact of cultivar difference, processing, and addition of amaranth leaf powder on the physicochemical, functional, pasting, antioxidant, and cooking properties of the white and yellow cassava pasta samples. Significant differences were observed among the cassava pasta samples. Leaf powder addition significantly enhanced the dietary fiber (7.6-9.1 g/100 g) and protein (1.41-4.69 g/100 g) contents of formulated cassava pasta. Yellow cassava-amaranth pasta had higher β-carotene (2.07 µg/g), iron (59 mg/kg), and zinc (9 mg/kg) contents than the white cassava-amaranth pasta. The addition of amaranth leaf powder also enhanced the antioxidant capacities of pasta products. Cooking time and gruel solid loss were reduced upon the addition of amaranth leaf powder, which is beneficial to the consumers. Data showed the potential of amaranth-fortified yellow cassava pasta in contributing to a healthy diet in low- and middle-income countries by combining a biofortified crop with leafy vegetables via food-to-food fortification. Practical Application: This work demonstrates the feasibility of a cassava-based pasta fortified with amaranth vegetables as an affordable and nutritious food to benefit micronutrient deficient consumers in countries with high cassava consumption but low vegetable intake. The inclusion of amaranth leaf powder enhanced the developed pasta's nutritional and technological properties, thus presenting a healthy food choice with the potentials for scaling up commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluranti M Lawal
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Louka van Stuijvenberg
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Boon
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olugbenga Awolu
- Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anita R Linnemann
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Abstract
The main objective of this review is to summarize the compositional characteristics and the health and functional properties of Mediterranean buffalo milk and whey derived from mozzarella cheese production. Several studies have investigated the composition of buffalo milk and in particular its fat, protein, and carbohydrates contents. These characteristics may change depending on the breed, feeding regime, and rearing system of the animals involved in the study, and also with the seasons. In particular, buffalo milk showed a higher nutritional value and higher levels of proteins, vitamins, and minerals when compared to milks produced by other animal species. Additionally, buffalo milk contains beneficial compounds such as gangliosides that can provide antioxidant protection and neuronal protection, and can improve bone, heart, and gastrointestinal health in humans.
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13
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Fallahi M, Shafiei SM, Taleghani NT, Shariati MK, Noripour S, Pajouhandeh F, Kazemian S, Hajipour M, Kazemian M. Administration of breast milk cell fractions to neonates with birthweight equal to or less than 1800 g: a randomized controlled trial. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:63. [PMID: 34425828 PMCID: PMC8383348 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most premature and very low birthweight infants cannot tolerate breast milk feeding in the first few days of life and are deprived of its benefits. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of administering breast milk cell fractions to neonates with a birthweight of ≤1800 g. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial on 156 infants in the neonatal intensive care unit of Mahdieh Maternity Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from May 2019 to April 2020. All neonates with a birthweight ≤1800 g were enrolled and divided into intervention and control groups using stratified block randomization. Neonates in the intervention group received the extracted breast milk cell fractions (BMCFs) of their own mother’s milk after being centrifuged in the first 6 to 12 h after birth. The control group received routine care, and breastfeeding was started as soon as tolerated in both groups. Study outcomes were necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), death, and in-hospital complications. Results We divided participants into two groups: 75 neonates in the intervention group and 81 neonates in the control group. The mean birthweight of neonates was 1390.1 ± 314.4 g, and 19 (12.2%) neonates deceased during their in-hospital stay. The incidence of NEC was similar in both groups. After adjustment for possible confounders in the multivariable model, receiving BMCFs were independently associated with lower in-hospital mortality (5 [26.3%] vs. 70 (51.1%]; odds ratio (OR): 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07, 0.86). Also, in a subgroup analysis of neonates with birthweight less than 1500 g, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the intervention group (4 [9.5%] vs. 13 [30.2%]; OR: 0.24; 95% CI 0.07, 0.82). There were no differences in major complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity between the two groups. No adverse effects occurred. Conclusions Our research demonstrated a significantly lower mortality rate in neonates (with a birthweight of ≤1800 g) who received breast milk cell fractions on the first day of life. Since this is a novel method with minimal intervention, we are looking forward to developing and evaluating this method in larger studies. Trial registration IIranian Registry of Clinical Trials. Registered 25 May 2019, IRCT20190228042868N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Fallahi
- Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Shafiei
- Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naeeme Taslimi Taleghani
- Department of Neonatology, Mahdieh Maternity Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khoshnood Shariati
- Department of Neonatology, Mahdieh Maternity Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamsollah Noripour
- Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pajouhandeh
- Department of Neonatology, Mahdieh Maternity Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Kazemian
- Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Hajipour
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemian
- Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Sajjad Haider M, Ashraf W, Javaid S, Fawad Rasool M, Muhammad Abdur Rahman H, Saleem H, Muhammad Muneeb Anjum S, Siddique F, Morales-Bayuelo A, Kaya S, Alqahtani F, Alasmari F, Imran I. Chemical characterization and evaluation of the neuroprotective potential of Indigofera sessiliflora through in-silico studies and behavioral tests in scopolamine-induced memory compromised rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4384-4398. [PMID: 34354423 PMCID: PMC8325032 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we investigated the phytochemical and neuropharmacological potential of Indigofera sessiliflora, an indigenous least characterized plant widely distributed in deserted areas of Pakistan. The crude extract of the whole plant Indigofera sessiliflora (IS.CR) was preliminary tested in-vitro for the existence of polyphenol content, antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential followed by detailed chemical characterization through UHPLC-MS. Rats administered with different doses of IS.CR (100-300 mg/kg) for the duration of 4-weeks were behaviorally tested for anxiety and cognition followed by biochemical evaluation of dissected brain. The in-silico studies were employed to predict the blood-brain barrier crossing tendencies of secondary metabolites with the elucidation of the target binding site. The in-vitro assays revealed ample phenols and flavonoids content in IS.CR with adequate anti-oxidant and anticholinesterase potential. The dose-dependent anxiolytic potential of IS.CR was demonstrated in open field (OFT), light/dark (L/D) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests as animals spent more time in open, illuminated and elevated zones (P < 0.05). In the behavioral tests for learning/memory, the IS.CR reversed the scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits, as animals showed better (P < 0.05) spontaneous alternation and discrimination index in y-maze and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. Similarly, as compared to amnesic rats, the step-through latencies were increased (P < 0.05) and escape latencies were decreased (P < 0.05) in passive avoidance (PAT) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests, respectively. Biochemical analysis of rat brains showed significant reduction in malondialdehyde and acetylcholinesterase levels, alongwith preservation of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity. The docking studies further portrayed a possible interaction of detected phytoconstituents with acetylcholinesterase target. The results of the study show valuable therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents present in IS.CR to correct the neurological disarrays which might be through antioxidant activity or via modulation of GABAergic and cholinergic systems by artocommunol, 1,9-dideoxyforskolin and 6E,9E-octadecadienoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajjad Haider
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Sana Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | | | - Hammad Saleem
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Farhan Siddique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Alejandro Morales-Bayuelo
- Facultad de Ingenierías, Centro de Investigación de Procesos del Tecnologico Comfenalco, (CIPTEC), Programa de Ingeniería Industrial, Fundacion Universitaria Tecnologico, Comfenalco -Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia
| | - Savas Kaya
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University Health Services Vocational School, Department of Pharmacy, 8140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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15
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Noman OM, Nasr FA, Alqahtani AS, Al-zharani M, Cordero MAW, Alotaibi AA, Bepari A, Alarifi S, Daoud A. Comparative study of antioxidant and anticancer activities and HPTLC quantification of rutin in white radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) leaves and root extracts grown in Saudi Arabia. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The nutrient contents of Raphanus sativus L. (white radish) leaves (RSLs) and roots are known to have promising vital effects. We comparatively investigated the leaves and roots of R. sativus grown in Saudi Arabia to estimate the total phenol and flavonoid contents using the standard colorimetric methods. The antioxidant activity of RSLs and R. sativus roots (RSRs) were measured by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Both extracts’ cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay against several human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7). High-performance thin-layer chromatography was used to identify and quantify the biomarker compound rutin in both extracts. The total phenolic content in RSLs (125.3 mg of gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g) was higher than that in roots (95.8 of GAE/g), whereas the flavonoid content (44.5 mg of quercetin equivalent [QE]/g) was almost double compared in RSR extract (24.4 of QE/g). Similarly, RSLs exhibited a higher antioxidative activity than RSRs in both DPPH (IC50 216.8 vs 359.7 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 326.7 vs 549 µg/mL) models. RSLs also demonstrated the highest antiproliferative efficiency against all cell lines, with IC50 values of 217–453 µg/mL. The reversed-phase-high-performance thin-layer chromatography results showed the presence of rutin (5.2 µg/mg) only in RSLs. Our study indicates RSLs as a promising source of bioactive compounds compared with roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Noman
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mary Anne W. Cordero
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A. Alotaibi
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Daoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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16
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Javaid U, Javaid S, Ashraf W, Rasool MF, Noman OM, Alqahtani AS, Majeed A, Shakeel W, Albekairi TH, Alqahtani F, Imran I. Chemical Profiling and Dose-Dependent Assessment of Fear Reducing and Memory-Enhancing Effects of Solanum virginianum in Rats. Dose Response 2021; 19:1559325821998486. [PMID: 33746655 PMCID: PMC7940748 DOI: 10.1177/1559325821998486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was planned to investigate the pharmacological basis of Solanum virginianum extract (SV.CR) pertaining to anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory-enhancing effects in rats. The SV.CR was analyzed in-vitro for phytoconstituents, antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity. The rats treated in a dose-dependent manner (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of SV.CR) were subjected to behavioral tests for anxiety, depression and memory judgment followed by biochemical studies. A notable dose-dependent anxiolytic potential of SV.CR was observed in elevated plus maze and open field tests (P < 0.05). The decreased immobility time of the treated rats in the forced swim test (P < 0.01) unveiled the plant’s potential to reduce depression. Moreover, SV.CR treatment also reversed scopolamine-impaired cognition (P < 0.05) in various deployed memory and learning tasks. Biochemical studies of brain homogenates of SV.CR treated animals demonstrated decreased anticholinesterase activity and lipid peroxidation levels whereas increased levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05 vs scopolamine group) were noted. The scientific validation of the study supported the use of Solanum virginianum in reducing anxiety, depression and amnesia in experimental models. Phytoconstituents in SV.CR such as oleanolic acid and caffeic acid might have played a significant neuroprotective role via modulation of oxidative stress and neurochemical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sana Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Majeed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Waleed Shakeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Thamer H Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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17
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Sánchez-Hernández S, Esteban-Muñoz A, Samaniego-Sánchez C, Giménez-Martínez R, Miralles B, Olalla-Herrera M. Study of the phenolic compound profile and antioxidant activity of human milk from Spanish women at different stages of lactation: A comparison with infant formulas. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110149. [PMID: 33642015 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human milk (HM) has been proven to have important and essential antioxidant properties to counteract infant susceptibility to oxidative stress. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites which come from plants and are potent natural antioxidants. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method used in the present study allowed the quantification of 26 phenolic compounds (ten hydroxybenzoic acids, seven hydroxycinnamic acids, four flavonoids, three hydroxybenzaldehydes and two other polyphenols) in HM samples at different stages of lactation (colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk) and infant formulas (IF). Many of the phenolic compounds identified have been reported to be present in HM for the first time. The total phenolic compound content (TPC) was quantified using the Folin assay and the antioxidant activity (AC) was evaluated with the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Significant differences were evidenced between HM and IF. HM from mothers with an adherence to a Mediterranean diet contained twice as many individual phenolic compounds as infant formulas, with a higher proportion of hydroxybenzoic acids. Conversely, IF showed a higher proportion of hydroxycinnamic acids. Overall, the antioxidant activity of HM showed small variations during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sánchez-Hernández
- Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain; Ph.D. Programme in Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Adelaida Esteban-Muñoz
- Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain; Ph.D. Programme in Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - Cristina Samaniego-Sánchez
- Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Giménez-Martínez
- Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Biosanitary Research ibs. University of Granada, Av. del Conocimiento, s/n., 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Miralles
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC.UAM, Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Olalla-Herrera
- Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Biosanitary Research ibs. University of Granada, Av. del Conocimiento, s/n., 18016 Granada, Spain
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18
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The Influence of Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Accumulation of Sennosides A and B in Senna alexandrina and Senna italica. SEPARATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/separations7040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a major role in plant development, growth, and relationships with the environment through a change in the accumulation of secondary metabolites; hence, we planned to investigate AMF’s influence on sennoside A and B accumulation in Senna alexandrina (SA) and Senna italica (SI). Seeds of SA (S. alexandrina free of mycorrhizae) and SI (S. italica free of mycorrhizae) were planted in two types of soils: +mycorrhiza and—mycorrhiza. The plant leaves of SA, SI, S. alexandrina with mycorrhizae (SAM) and S. italica with mycorrhizae (SIM) were collected and extracted (with 85% methanol), and sennoside A and B content was evaluated by the HPLC–UV method. The antioxidant activity of SA, SI, SAM and SIM was evaluated by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods, while antimicrobial properties were evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration method (MIC). The AMF colonization was 85.66% and 85%, respectively, in the roots of SA and SI. The HPLC analysis showed a significant increase in (%) the content of sennoside A/sennoside B by 71.11/88.21, respectively, in SAM and 6.76/36.37 in SIM, which clearly indicated positive AMF effects. The DPPH/ABTS [The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 235.9/321.5 µg/mL] scavenging activity of SAM was comparatively higher and it also exhibited strong antibacterial action (MIC: 156.25 µg/mL), which supported the increase in sennoside content. This finding may be useful for further investigations of the symbiotic relation of mycorrhizal fungi with other plant species.
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19
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In Vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities, and Phenolic Profile of Senecio glaucus from Saudi Arabia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8875430. [PMID: 33163085 PMCID: PMC7604592 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8875430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for complex diseases have remarkable side effects that negatively impact patients' quality of life. Thus, natural compounds with fewer side effects represent a promising source for safe drugs. The genus Senecio is widely used in folk medicine due to its various pharmacological properties. In the present study, the total phenolic content of Senecio glaucus, which is grown in Saudi Arabia, was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method. Scavenging DPPH and ABTS assays were utilized to determine the antioxidant properties of S. glaucus fractions, and MTT assay was used to screen the cytotoxic activity of S. glaucus against various cancer cells. In addition, HPLC-UV was utilized to detect the presence of two phenolic acids, namely, vanillic acid (VA) and gallic acid (GA). Among all fractions tested, S. glaucus chloroform fraction (SGCF) yielded the highest value (125.3 mg·GA/g) in terms of total phenolic content. SGCF also exhibited the highest scavenging activities (76.7 and 74.1%) on both DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Similarly, SGCF also possessed the most potent cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 41.8 μg/ml. The validated HPLC method confirmed the presence of VA (4.8 μg/mg DW) and GA (3.9 μg/mg DW) in SGCF. Overall, our data show that S. glaucus had antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. A developed validated HPLC method which could be helpful for quantifying phenolic compounds in S. glaucus was established.
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20
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Graça C, Mota J, Lima A, Boavida Ferreira R, Raymundo A, Sousa I. Glycemic Response and Bioactive Properties of Gluten-Free Bread with Yoghurt or Curd-Cheese Addition. Foods 2020; 9:E1410. [PMID: 33020440 PMCID: PMC7601360 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of flour replacement by yogurt or curd-cheese additions (from 10% to 20%, w/w) on the glycemic response and bioactivity improvements of gluten-free bread was evaluated. Starch digestibility, measured by an in vitro digestion model, was applied to determine the effect on starch fractions. The bread glycemic index was calculated. Bread antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric-ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods) and total phenolic compounds were assessed. Anti-inflammatory properties according to enzymatic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 inhibitory activity were also studied. Considering the higher level of both dairy products tested (20%, w/w) and comparing with control bread results, a reduction of around 35% in the glycemic response of curd cheese bread was achieved, resulting in intermediate index level (glycemic index (GI) 55-69), with yogurt bread still showing a high glycemic index (GI > 70). In terms of bread bioactivity, curd cheese bread expressed better reducing power effects, whereas yogurt bread showed more effective radical-scavenging capacity. An increase in bread phenolic compounds by yogurt (55.3%) and curd cheese (73.0%) additions (at 20%) were also registered. MMP-9 inhibition activity was higher in the dairy bread than in control bread, suggesting an improvement in terms of anti-inflammatory properties. The supplementation of the gluten-free bread by yogurt or curd cheese was shown to be a promising strategy to reduce the glycemic response and to improve the bioactive properties of the bread, that which can contribute to preventive diets of celiac patients and irritable bowel syndrome individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Isabel Sousa
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Research Center of Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.G.); (J.M.); (A.L.); (R.B.F.); (A.R.)
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21
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Li SN, Tang SH, He Q, Hu JX, Zheng J. In vitro antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of fermented milk with different culture combinations. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:1120-1130. [PMID: 31759585 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (Ba) in co-cultures with Streptococcus thermophilus (St) on changes in the acidification profile, proteolytic activity, peptide production, in vitro antioxidant activity, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory properties of fermented milks during 21 d of storage at 4°C. The pH values and proteolysis in all batches showed a gradual decrease and increase during storage, respectively. The ACE-inhibitory activity and total antioxidant capacity of all co-fermented milk samples followed a similar pattern, with maximum values on d 6 of storage. The St starter, in conjunction with Ba or Lp or both, enhanced proteolysis, peptide generation, and ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant activity, but decreased pH values compared with St alone. The St-Ba-Lp samples showed higher DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity, but similar superoxide anion scavenging activity compared to St-Ba or St-Lp samples. The St-Ba samples showed higher DPPH• radical scavenging activity but lower hydroxyl radical scavenging activity than St-Lp samples. In the ACE-inhibitory assays, the St-Lp samples exhibited relatively low activity among the co-fermented milks, digested or not. The presence of Ba and Lp in fermentation together did not affect ACE-inhibitory activity in undigested fermented milks compared with the presence of Ba alone, and St-Ba-Lp fermented milks demonstrated an increase in ACE-inhibitory activity after simulated gastrointestinal digestion in storage. Pepsin digestion largely improved ACE-inhibitory activity, except in St-Lp samples, in which the activity was reduced. Further hydrolysis by trypsin reduced final activity in digestion. This study suggests that co-cultured fermentation with probiotics improves in vitro antioxidant and ACE inhibition activity in fermented milks, and this effect is partly due to the higher proteolytic activity of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China; College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - S H Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Q He
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - J X Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - J Zheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Moro GE, Bertino E, Bravi F, Tonetto P, Gatta A, Quitadamo PA, Salvatori G, Profeti C, Di Nicola P, Decarli A, Ferraroni M, Tavani A, Stahl B, Wiens F. Adherence to the Traditional Mediterranean Diet and Human Milk Composition: Rationale, Design, and Subject Characteristics of the MEDIDIET Study. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:66. [PMID: 30931287 PMCID: PMC6428724 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge about how a lactating woman's diet influences the composition of her breast milk is still very limited. In particular, no study has evaluated the role of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on human milk characteristics. Aim: We carried out an observational study to investigate the influence of mother adherence to a Mediterranean diet on her breast milk composition. Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, 300 healthy mothers, who exclusively breastfed their babies, were enrolled from five centers across Italy. During a visit to the hospital center 6 weeks after childbirth these women were asked to provide a sample of their freshly expressed breast milk and to answer a series of questions on personal characteristics and lifestyle factors. The application of a validated food frequency questionnaire allowed the collection of detailed dietary habits. Milk was collected and then stored until chemical analyses were performed. The study has been registered (Trial Registration: Dutch Trial register NTR3468). Descriptive analyses on baseline characteristics of mothers and babies were carried out on the participants, overall and stratified by center. Results: The participants had a mean age of 33 years (SD = 4.06), and a pre-pregnancy BMI of 22.3 Kg/m2 (SD = 3.22). Forty-seven percent gave birth to their first child, 40% to the second 13% to the third or subsequent child. Babies had a mean birth weight of 3,324 g (DS = 389), and a mean length of 51 cm (SD = 1.94). Fifty-three percent were males. Conclusion: The present work provides the general description and the characteristics of mothers and babies included in the MediDiet study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido E. Moro
- Italian Association of Human Milk Banks (AIBLUD), Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertino
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology G.A. Maccacaro, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Tonetto
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Gatta
- TIN-Neonatology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Pasqua A. Quitadamo
- TIN-Neonatology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gugliemo Salvatori
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Profeti
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Di Nicola
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Decarli
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology G.A. Maccacaro, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology G.A. Maccacaro, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tavani
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology G.A. Maccacaro, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Nutricia Research, Department of Human Milk Research and Analytical Science, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Frank Wiens
- Nutricia Research, Department of Human Milk Research and Analytical Science, Utrecht, Netherlands
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23
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Safari M, Ahmady-Asbchin S. Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of methanolic extract of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) leaves. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1577701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moein Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Salman Ahmady-Asbchin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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24
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Khan IT, Nadeem M, Imran M, Ullah R, Ajmal M, Jaspal MH. Antioxidant properties of Milk and dairy products: a comprehensive review of the current knowledge. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:41. [PMID: 30717735 PMCID: PMC6362592 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-0969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk and dairy products are integral part of human nutrition and they are considered as the carriers of higher biological value proteins, calcium, essential fatty acids, amino acids, fat, water soluble vitamins and several bioactive compounds that are highly significant for several biochemical and physiological functions. In recent years, foods containing natural antioxidants are becoming popular all over the world as antioxidants can neutralize and scavenge the free radicals and their harmful effects, which are continuously produced in the biological body. Uncontrolled free radicals activity can lead to oxidative stresses, which have been implicated in breakdown of vital biochemical compounds such as lipids, protein, DNA which may lead to diabetes, accelerated ageing, carcinogenesis and cardiovascular diseases. Antioxidant capacity of milk and milk products is mainly due to sulfur containing amino acids, such as cysteine, phosphate, vitamins A, E, carotenoids, zinc, selenium, enzyme systems, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, milk oligosaccharides and peptides that are produced during fermentation and cheese ripening. Antioxidant activity of milk and dairy products can be enhanced by phytochemicals supplementation while fermented dairy products have been reported contained higher antioxidant capacity as compared to the non-fermented dairy products. Literature review has shown that milk and dairy products have antioxidant capacity, however, information regarding the antioxidant capacity of milk and dairy products has not been previously compiled. This review briefly describes the nutritional and antioxidant capacity of milk and dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Taj Khan
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Rahman Ullah
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hayat Jaspal
- Department of Meat Science and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan
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25
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Zhao F, Zhang W, Meng X, Yang X, Yang L, Teng J, Xue J, Duan Y, Sheng W. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Isodon amethystoides (Benth.) CY Wu et Hsuan leaf extracts against agriculturally important pathogenic fungi. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1695542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fenglan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA, Institute of Plant Protection, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Lianzhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jingtong Teng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Xue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yongbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, P.R. China
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26
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Li YH, Wang WJ, Zhang F, Shao ZP, Guo L. Formation of the oxidized flavor compounds at different heat treatment and changes in the oxidation stability of milk. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:238-246. [PMID: 30680177 PMCID: PMC6341162 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidized flavor could affect the sensory acceptability of consumers. In this study, the oxidized flavor compound (OFC) in different heated milk was analyzed using the solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). The concentration of OFC increased with increasing the intensity of heat treatment. The concentrations of heptanal, nonanal, 2-heptanone, and 2-nonanone in the heated milk samples were in the range of 1.88-5.51, 1.03-3.26, 6.89-88.04, and 1.46-12.78 μg/kg, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the OFC and the heat intensity were above 0.86. It was found that the intensity of heat treatment (below 80°C for 10 min) could not cause the significant changes in the distribution of fat globules. The contents of partial proteins in milk fat globule membrane gradually destructed with increasing the intensity of heat treatment. The DPPH˙ scavenging activity reduced by 23.15%, and the peroxide value (POV) increased by 37.23% as raw milk was heated at 90°C for 20 min. Values of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) had a tendency to increase as the heated time was operated for 20 min (p < 0.05). It indicated the heat treatment could change the oxidative environment of milk and influence the distribution of milk fat and the formation of oxidized flavor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan H. Li
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wei J. Wang
- Research & Development InstituteZhejiang Yi Ming Food Co. Ltd.WenzhouChina
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhi Peng Shao
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina
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27
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Park T, Yu Z. Aerobic cultivation of anaerobic rumen protozoa, Entodinium caudatum and Epidinium caudatum. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 152:186-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sharabi S, Okun Z, Shpigelman A. Changes in the shelf life stability of riboflavin, vitamin C and antioxidant properties of milk after (ultra) high pressure homogenization: Direct and indirect effects. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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29
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Mahmoudi A, Ghorbel H, Feki I, Bouallagui Z, Guermazi F, Ayadi L, Sayadi S. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol protect rats' pups against bisphenol A induced hypothyroidism. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1115-1126. [PMID: 29715755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) can disturb the endocrine system and the organs that respond to endocrine signals in organisms, indirectly exposed during prenatal and/or early postnatal life. The present study was designed to assess the protective effect of phenolic compounds from olive leaves against BPA induced thyroid dysfunction and growth perturbation in young rats during lactation. The BPA disrupting effect on thyroid function was investigated by measuring changes in plasma levels of thyroid hormones. Free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroxine (FT4) were decreased in young rats breast-fed from mothers treated with bisphenol A. This effect was associated with an increase in the plasma level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The histological and immunohistochemical study of the thyroid gland revealed a disturbance in morphological structure and thyroid cells function. Thyroid dysfunction led to a disruption in the skeletal bone growth of young rats. In fact, the infrared microspectroscopic analysis and histological examination of femoral bone showed significant changes in their histoarchitecture associated with a perturbation in the mechanism of bone tissue mineralization. The administration of oleuropein or hydroxytyrosol in BPA treated lactating mothers improved the thyroid cells function by enhancing thyroid hormone levels. Moreover, these phenolics increased the body growth characterized by an amelioration in the structure and the microstructure of femoral bone tissue. HPLC analysis of rats-breast milk indicated the presence of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, which could contribute to the protective effect against bisphenol A induced hypothyroidism in pups rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O.Box "1177", Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Hèla Ghorbel
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O.Box "1177", Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Ines Feki
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O.Box "1177", Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
| | - Zouhaier Bouallagui
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O.Box "1177", Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Fadhel Guermazi
- Nuclear Medicine Service, CHU Habib Bourguiba Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Ayadi
- Laboratory of Pathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O.Box "1177", Sfax 3038, Tunisia
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30
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Macêdo LARDO, Oliveira Júnior RGD, Souza GR, de Oliveira AP, de Lavor ÉM, Silva MGE, Pacheco AGM, de Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Pessoa CDÓ, da Costa MP, Almeida JRGDS. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities and evaluation of cytotoxicity of the fractions obtained fromSelaginella convoluta(Arn.) Spring (Selaginellaceae). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1431055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grasielly Rocha Souza
- Center For Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Oliveira
- Center For Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Érica Martins de Lavor
- Center For Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gama e Silva
- Center For Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil
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Poniedziałek B, Rzymski P, Pięt M, Gąsecka M, Stroińska A, Niedzielski P, Mleczek M, Rzymski P, Wilczak M. Relation between polyphenols, malondialdehyde, antioxidant capacity, lactate dehydrogenase and toxic elements in human colostrum milk. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:548-554. [PMID: 29065383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the interrelationships between the concentration of total polyphenols (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and content of toxic elements (Al, As, Cd, Ni, Pb) in human colostrum milk (n = 75), and further assessed their potential association with maternal lifestyle characteristics. As and Cd were always below detection limits while Al, Ni and Pb were found at the level of 89.7, 6.2 and 1.3 μg L-1, respectively. Concentrations of TP and MDA, in the studied group were 46.91 ± 21.25 mg GAE L-1 and 0.66 ± 0.27 nmol mL-1, respectively, and were inversely correlated (Rs = -0.32; p < 0.01). TP and TAC increased significantly with maternal consumption of vegetables (Rs = 0.25 and Rs = 0.37, respectively; p < 0.05). Concentration of Al was positively correlated with MDA (Rs = 0.21; p < 0.01) and negatively with TP (Rs = -0.28; p < 0.01). Positive correlation was also found between Pb and MDA (Rs = 0.32; p < 0.01). No association with place of living (urban/rural), women's age and former smoking were found for any studied milk parameter. The results add to the general understanding of factors influencing redox balance in milk and potentially affecting its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Poniedziałek
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Pięt
- Department of Mother's and Child's Health, Gynecologic and Obstetrical University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Gąsecka
- Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Stroińska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Rzymski
- Department of Mother's and Child's Health, Gynecologic and Obstetrical University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Wilczak
- Department of Mother's and Child's Health, Gynecologic and Obstetrical University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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32
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Influence of anthropometric parameters on breastmilk provision in preterm infants. Appl Nurs Res 2017; 38:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Karthishwaran K, Shamisi SOSOA, Kurup SS, Sakkir S, Cheruth AJ. Free-radical-scavenging and antioxidant capacities with special emphasis on enzyme activities and in vitro studies in Caralluma flava N. E. Br. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1379362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kandhan Karthishwaran
- Department of Aridland Agriculture, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University,Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Shyam Sreedhara Kurup
- Department of Aridland Agriculture, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
| | - Sabitha Sakkir
- Terrestrial and Marine Biodiversity Sector, Wildlife Assessment and Conservation, Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Jaleel Cheruth
- Department of Aridland Agriculture, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature infants have a high risk for dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. Mother's own milk (MOM) has been found to favorably alter gut microbiome composition in infants born at term. Evidence about the influence of feeding type on gut microbial colonization of preterm infants is limited. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of feeding types on gut microbial colonization of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS Thirty-three stable preterm infants were recruited at birth and followed up for the first 30 days of life. Daily feeding information was used to classify infants into six groups (MOM, human donor milk [HDM], Formula, MOM + HDM, MOM + Formula, and HDM + Formula) during postnatal days 0-10, 11-20, and 21-30. Stool samples were collected daily. DNA extracted from stool was used to sequence the 16S rRNA gene. Exploratory data analysis was conducted with a focus on temporal changes of microbial patterns and diversities among infants from different feeding cohorts. Prediction of gut microbial diversity from feeding type was estimated using linear mixed models. RESULTS Preterm infants fed MOM (at least 70% of the total diet) had highest abundance of Clostridiales, Lactobacillales, and Bacillales compared to infants in other feeding groups, whereas infants fed primarily HDM or formula had a high abundance of Enterobacteriales compared to infants fed MOM. After controlling for gender, postnatal age, weight, and birth gestational age, the diversity of gut microbiome increased over time and was constantly higher in infants fed MOM relative to infants with other feeding types (p < .01). DISCUSSION MOM benefits gut microbiome development of preterm infants, including balanced microbial community pattern and increased microbial diversity in early life.
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Jochum F, Alteheld B, Meinardus P, Dahlinger N, Nomayo A, Stehle P. Mothers' Consumption of Soy Drink But Not Black Tea Increases the Flavonoid Content of Term Breast Milk: A Pilot Randomized, Controlled Intervention Study. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017; 70:147-153. [PMID: 28391283 DOI: 10.1159/000471857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed a pilot RCT to prove the hypothesis that a controlled ingestion of polyphenol-rich beverages (soy drink, decaffeinated black tea) in nutritive dosages by nursing women has an effect on the composition (flavonoid concentration, total antioxidant capacity) of breast milk. METHODS Healthy nursing women were supplemented with either 250 mL of a soy drink (12 mg isoflavones; n = 18), 300 mL decaffeinated black tea (67 mg catechins; n = 18), or 300 mL water (n = 8, control) for 6 days. Milk samples were collected before, during, and after intervention. Flavonoid content (isoflavones/catechins, HPLC) and total antioxidant capacity of milk and test drinks in milk specimens were assessed. RESULTS Isoflavone content (genistein and daidzein) in breast milk increased up to 12 nmol/L after soy drink consumption; the major flavonoids constituents of black tea (catechin, epicatechin, and respective conjugates) could not be detected in milk samples. With both interventions, the total antioxidant capacity of breast milk was not affected. CONCLUSIONS Mothers' daily consumption of a soy drink considerably increases isoflavone content of breast milk resulting in an estimated daily exposure of 9.6 nmol isoflavones in a 4-month-old suckling infant. Luminal flavanol uptake from black tea consumed by the nursing mother may be too low to affect flavanol concentrations in breast milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Jochum
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
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Ma L, Shi H, Lian K, Diao Y, Chen Y, Ma C, Kang W. Highly selective and sensitive determination of several antioxidants in human breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography based on Ag(III) complex chemiluminescence detection. Food Chem 2016; 218:422-426. [PMID: 27719930 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA) and glutathione (GSH) are the most important water-soluble antioxidants. The concentrations of GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and their molar ratio are the indicators of oxidative stress. Little is known about the contents of UA, GSH and GSSG in human milk; a reliable and sensitive method to monitor the concentrations of the four compounds simultaneously in human milk is of critical importance. A new method for separation and quantification of these water-soluble antioxidants by HPLC coupled with Ag(III) chemiluminescence detector has been developed in this work with better recoveries. The antioxidants contents were determined in different times of lactation utilizing this method. The results show that the levels of AA, UA, GSH and GSH/GSSG of human colostrum are significantly higher than those of mature milk (P<0.05). It is concluded that colostrum contains more water-soluble antioxidants than mature milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hongmei Shi
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Kaoqi Lian
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yingfei Diao
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Chunling Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Weijun Kang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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Total phenolic compounds in milk from different species. Design of an extraction technique for quantification using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Food Chem 2015; 176:480-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mahmoudi A, Ghorbel H, Bouallegui Z, Marrekchi R, Isoda H, Sayadi S. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol protect from bisphenol A effects in livers and kidneys of lactating mother rats and their pups'. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:413-25. [PMID: 25963946 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical found in hard plastics and the coatings of food and drinks cans which can behave in a similar way to estrogen and other hormones in the human body. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of the treatment with oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol olive leaves rich extracts in reducing functional perturbations and oxidative stress arising from BPA treatment in livers and kidneys of lactating mother rats and their pups'. For this, four groups of lactating mothers were used: controls (group A), treated with bisphenol A (group B), treated with bisphenol A and oleuropein (group C) and with bisphenol A and hydroxytyrosol (group D). As results, we had found, in BPA treated group, either in mothers or in their pups', a significant decrease in morphological parameters, in catalase activity and in total antioxidant capacity associated to an increase in malondialdehyde levels in livers and kidneys. For these rats, the histological aspect showed, also, deep changes. Indeed, we had observed, in livers, hepatocellular necrosis associated to leucocytes infiltration and in kidneys tubular and glomerular necrosis. The co-treatments with BPA and oleuropein (group C) or with BPA and hydroxytyrosol (group D) ameliorate all morphological, biochemical and histological parameters as compared to BPA treated group B. The analysis of BPA and its derivatives with LC-MS/MS showed changes in their localizations between serum, livers or kidneys in all studied groups. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the hepato-protective and reno-protective effects of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol olive leaves extracts from BPA and its derivates toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Héla Ghorbel
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Zouhair Bouallegui
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Marrekchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU Habib Bourguiba, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan; Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Ding W, Zhang Y, Kou L, Jurick WM. Electronic Nose Application for the Determination of Penicillin G in Saanen Goat Milk with Fisher Discriminate and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Analyses. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
| | - Liping Kou
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100 China
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Nohynek GJ, Borgert CJ, Dietrich D, Rozman KK. Endocrine disruption: fact or urban legend? Toxicol Lett 2013; 223:295-305. [PMID: 24177261 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are substances that cause adverse health effects via endocrine-mediated mechanisms in an intact organism or its progeny or (sub) populations. Purported EDCs in personal care products include 4-MBC (UV filter) or parabens that showed oestrogenic activity in screening tests, although regulatory toxicity studies showed no adverse effects on reproductive endpoints. Hormonal potency is the key issue of the safety of EDCs. Oestrogen-based drugs, e.g. the contraceptive pill or the synthetic oestrogen DES, possess potencies up to 7 orders of magnitude higher than those of PCP ingredients; yet, in utero exposure to these drugs did not adversely affect fertility or sexual organ development of offspring unless exposed to extreme doses. Additive effects of EDs are unlikely due to the multitude of mechanisms how substances may produce a hormone-like activity; even after uptake of different substances with a similar mode of action, the possibility of additive effects is reduced by different absorption, metabolism and kinetics. This is supported by a number of studies on mixtures of chemical EDCs. Overall, despite of 20 years of research a human health risk from exposure to low concentrations of exogenous chemical substances with weak hormone-like activities remains an unproven and unlikely hypothesis.
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Mammary gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative indicators in the blood, milk, mammary tissue and ruminal fluid of dairy cows fed flax meal. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:1743-50. [PMID: 23578516 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513001220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effects of flax meal (FM) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT)) in the blood, mammary tissue and ruminal fluid, and oxidative stress indicators (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity) in the milk, plasma and ruminal fluid of dairy cows were determined.The mRNA abundance of the antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress-related genes was assessed in mammary tissue. A total of eight Holstein cows were used in a double 4 x 4 Latin square design. There were four treatments in the diet: control with no FM(CON) or 5% FM (5FM), 10% FM (10FM) and 15% FM (15FM). There was an interaction between treatment and time for plasma GPx and CAT activities. Cows supplemented with FM had a linear reduction in TBARS at 2 h after feeding, and there was no treatment effect at 0, 4 and 6 h after feeding. TBARS production decreased in the milk of cows fed the 5FM and 10FM diets. There was a linear increase in nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2) mRNA abundance in mammary tissue with FM supplementation.A linear trend for increased mRNA abundance of the CAT gene was observed with higher concentrations of FM. The mRNA abundance of CAT, GPx1, GPx3, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 and nuclear factor of k light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NFKB) genes was not affected by the treatment. These findings suggest that FM supplementation can improve the oxidative status of Holstein cows as suggested by decreased TBARS production in ruminal fluid 2 h post-feeding and increased NFE2L2/nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA abundance in mammary tissue.
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Codoñer-Franch P, Hernández-Aguilar MT, Navarro-Ruiz A, López-Jaén AB, Borja-Herrero C, Valls-Bellés V. Diet supplementation during early lactation with non-alcoholic beer increases the antioxidant properties of breastmilk and decreases the oxidative damage in breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeed Med 2013. [PMID: 23186386 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2012.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After delivery and birth, mothers and neonates are exposed to oxidative stress. We tested whether supplementing the diet of breastfeeding mothers with non-alcoholic beer, a product rich in antioxidants, could improve their oxidative status and the antioxidant content of their milk. A prospective trial begun on Day 2 postpartum was conducted in mother-infant dyads. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty breastfeeding mothers and their infants were allocated to either a control group (n=30) on a free diet or a study group (n=30) on a free diet supplemented with 660 mL of non-alcoholic beer/day. The oxidative status of the mothers' breastmilk, plasma, and urine and the infant's urine was analyzed on Days 2 and 30 postpartum. The before-after difference was compared within and between the groups. RESULTS The increase in antioxidant capacity and coenzyme Q10 content in the breastmilk of the study group at Day 30 was higher than in that of the control group (p<0.001). There was also a change in the oxidative status of the mothers' plasma in the supplemented group regarding the control group; higher values of total antioxidant capacity (p<0.05) and lower levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (p<0.05), indicative of DNA oxidative damage, were found. These results indicate a positive effect of non-alcoholic beer supplementation on oxidative stress in mothers. However, no difference in oxidant markers was found in the infant's urine. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of non-alcoholic beer appears to enhance the antioxidant capacity of breastmilk and decrease oxidative damage in breastfeeding mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Codoñer-Franch
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Peset University Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Wilson AD. Diverse applications of electronic-nose technologies in agriculture and forestry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:2295-348. [PMID: 23396191 PMCID: PMC3649433 DOI: 10.3390/s130202295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electronic-nose (e-nose) instruments, derived from numerous types of aroma-sensor technologies, have been developed for a diversity of applications in the broad fields of agriculture and forestry. Recent advances in e-nose technologies within the plant sciences, including improvements in gas-sensor designs, innovations in data analysis and pattern-recognition algorithms, and progress in material science and systems integration methods, have led to significant benefits to both industries. Electronic noses have been used in a variety of commercial agricultural-related industries, including the agricultural sectors of agronomy, biochemical processing, botany, cell culture, plant cultivar selections, environmental monitoring, horticulture, pesticide detection, plant physiology and pathology. Applications in forestry include uses in chemotaxonomy, log tracking, wood and paper processing, forest management, forest health protection, and waste management. These aroma-detection applications have improved plant-based product attributes, quality, uniformity, and consistency in ways that have increased the efficiency and effectiveness of production and manufacturing processes. This paper provides a comprehensive review and summary of a broad range of electronic-nose technologies and applications, developed specifically for the agriculture and forestry industries over the past thirty years, which have offered solutions that have greatly improved worldwide agricultural and agroforestry production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphus D Wilson
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, Southern Hardwoods Laboratory, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
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Eagle K. Hypothesis: holiday sudden cardiac death: food and alcohol inhibition of SULT1A enzymes as a precipitant. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 32:751-5. [PMID: 22678655 PMCID: PMC3504075 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death is a significant health issue, causing millions of deaths worldwide annually. Studies have found that the likelihood of such death is higher in winter. Further studies identified that the highest likelihood occurs on Christmas Day and New Years Day, but not the interim period. Thanksgiving, Independence Day and the Islamic holiday Eid Al-Fitr also show significant increases in the rate of cardiac events or death. A number of mechanisms have been proposed, but none have satisfactorily explained the evidence. This article reviews the data supporting the existence of a holiday cardiac death phenomenon, the involvement of catecholamines and the normal modes of human catecholamine deactivation. Further evidence is reviewed that supports a hypothesized mechanism whereby critical SULT1A catecholamine deactivation enzymes can in some patients be inhibited by naturally-occurring phenols and polyphenols in foods and alcohols. If deactivation is inhibited by holiday consumption excesses, holiday stress or excitement could lead to a buildup of catecholamines that can cause fatal arrhythmias. Awareness of this mechanism could reduce deaths, both through doctor/patient education leading to a moderation in consumption and through the potential identification of patients with a predisposition to SULT1A inhibition. This hypothesis also raises parallels between sudden cardiac death in adults and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The possible involvement of SULT1A inhibition in SIDS is discussed.
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Formation of aldehyde and ketone compounds during production and storage of milk powder. Molecules 2012; 17:9900-11. [PMID: 22902884 PMCID: PMC6268635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain aldehyde and ketone compounds can be used as indicators, at a molecular level, of the oxidized flavor of milk powder instead of sensory evaluation. This study investigated the formation of aldehyde and ketone compounds as affected by the heat-related processing and storage of milk powder. The compounds were extracted by solid phase microextraction fiber and determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the results, higher contents of hexanal, 2-heptanone, octanal and 3-octen-2-one were detected in concentrated milk and fresh milk powders than in raw milk and heated milk. The levels of these compounds increased with increasing time of storage of milk powder. Meanwhile, the DPPH radical scavenging activity decreased and peroxide value increased during the production and storage of milk powder. In addition, the pore volume distribution of milk powder particle was determined by nitrogen isotherm adsorption. The porosity of milk powder was significantly correlated to the changes of aldehyde and ketone compounds during storages periods of 3 months (r > 0.689, p < 0.05) and 6 months (r > 0.806, p < 0.01). Therefore attention should be paid to the detectable aldehyde and ketone molecules to control the oxidized flavor, which was influenced by pre-heating as well as concentration and drying during milk powder production.
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AOKI N, SATO K, KANDA S, MUKAI K, OBARA Y, ITABASHI H. Time course of changes in antioxidant activity of milk from dairy cows fed a trehalose-supplemented diet. Anim Sci J 2012; 84:42-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2012.01040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Role of carbohydrases on the release of reducing sugar, total phenolics and on antioxidant properties of oat bran. Food Chem 2012; 132:413-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Revised: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Li W, Beta T. Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and aroma quality of anthograin liqueur. Food Chem 2011; 127:968-75. [PMID: 25214085 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Moderate consumption of wine, beer, whisky or liqueur is known to be beneficial for improving health because of the radical scavenging action of antioxidants present in them. Thus, antioxidant and aroma properties of anthograin liqueur made from purple wheat grain were evaluated for the added-value processing purpose of that grain. Anthograin liqueur showed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) in comparison with three control samples Canadian iceberg vodka (CIV), Hiram walker special old rye whisky (HWSORW) and Wiser's De Luxe Canadian whisky (WDLCW). Only anthograin liqueur contained anthocyanins and its total anthocyanin content (TAC) was 81mg/l. In lipid-soluble phase, TPC and ORAC were 241.1 and 998.6mg/l for anthograin liqueur, 40.0 and 93.6mg/ld for WDLCW, 23.1 and 63.6mg/l for HWSORW, and 1.1 and 12.4mg/l for CIV, respectively. In water-soluble phase, TPC and ORAC were 685.5 and 1467.7mg/l for anthograin liqueur, 29.0 and 96.0mg/l for WDLCW, 36.4 and 99.2mg/l for HWSORW, and 2.0 and 42.8mg/l for CIV, respectively. Eight types of phenolic acids in anthograin liqueur, four types of phenolic acids in WDLCW and three types of phenolic acids in HWSORW were found and no phenolic acid was detectable in CIV. Total phenolic acids in anthograin liqueur, WDLCW and HWSORW were 28.8, 10.3 and 5.7mg/l, respectively. Similarity in aroma quality was found between anthograin liqueur and CIV by using the electronic nose. Purple wheat grain may have potential as a novel material for liqueur brewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Trust Beta
- Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2; Richardson Centre for Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2.
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Tsopmo A, Romanowski A, Banda L, Lavoie JC, Jenssen H, Friel JK. Novel anti-oxidative peptides from enzymatic digestion of human milk. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti M, Mohtasebi SS, Siadat M. Biomimetic-based odor and taste sensing systems to food quality and safety characterization: An overview on basic principles and recent achievements. J FOOD ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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