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Dong X, Lin X, Hou Q, Hu Z, Wang Y, Wang Z. Effect of Maternal Gradient Nutritional Restriction during Pregnancy on Mammary Gland Development in Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050946. [PMID: 36899802 PMCID: PMC10000074 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of nutritional restriction on mammary gland development during the embryonic period by gradient nutritional restriction in pregnant female mice. We started the nutritional restriction of 60 female CD-1(ICR) mice from day 9 of gestation based on 100%, 90%, 80%, 70% and 60% of ad libitum intake. After delivery, the weight and body fat of the offspring and the mother were recorded (n = 12). Offspring mammary development and gene expression were explored by whole mount and qPCR. Mammary development patterns of in offspring were constructed using Sholl analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and regression analysis. We found that: (1) Mild maternal nutritional restriction (90-70% of ad libitum intake) did not affect offspring weight, while body fat percentage was more sensitive to nutritional restriction (lower at 80% ad libitum feeding). (2) A precipitous drop in mammary development and altered developmental patterns occurred when nutritional restriction ranged from 80% to 70% of ad libitum intake. (3) Mild maternal nutritional restriction (90% of ad libitum intake) promoted mammary-development-related gene expression. In conclusion, our results suggest that mild maternal nutritional restriction during gestation contributes to increased embryonic mammary gland development. When maternal nutritional restriction reaches 70% of ad libitum intake, the mammary glands of the offspring show noticeable maldevelopment. Our results help provide a theoretical basis for the effect of maternal nutritional restriction during gestation on offspring mammary development and a reference for the amount of maternal nutritional restriction.
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Fu Z, Liu Q, Liang J, Weng Z, Li W, Xu J, Zhang X, Xu C, Gu A. Association between NMR metabolomic signatures of healthy lifestyle and incident coronary artery disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:243-253. [PMID: 36317303 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify metabolites associated with a healthy lifestyle and explore the possible mechanisms of lifestyle in coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS The nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics platform was applied to perform metabolomic profiling of baseline plasma samples from a randomly selected subset of 121 733 UK Biobank participants. Cox proportional hazards models with covariate adjustments were used to investigate the associations between validated lifestyle-associated metabolites and incident CAD and to estimate the accuracy of the inclusion of metabolites to predict CAD compared with traditional prediction models. The discriminatory ability of each model was evaluated using Harrell's C statistic, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) indexes. During a median of 8.6 years of follow-up, 5513 incident CAD cases were documented. Among the 111 lifestyle-associated metabolites, 65 were significantly associated with incident CAD after multivariate adjustment (Bonferroni P < 3.11 × 10-04). The addition of these metabolites to classic risk prediction models [Framingham Risk Score (FRS) using lipids; FRS using body mass index] improved CAD prediction accuracy as assessed by the C statistic (increasing to 0.739 [95% CI, 0.731-0.747] and 0.752 [95% CI, 0.746-0.758]), respectively; continuous NRI (0.274 [0.227-0.325] and 0.266 [0.223-0.317]) and IDI (0.003 [0.002-0.004] and 0.003 [0.002-0.004]). CONCLUSION Healthy lifestyle-associated metabolites are associated with the incidence of CAD and may help improve the prediction of CAD risk. The use of metabolite information combined with the FRS model warrants further investigation before clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jingjia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhenkun Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Aihua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, China
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Queiroz MP, da Silva Lima M, de Melo MFFT, Queiroga RDCRDE, Bessa RJB, Alves SPA, Barbosa Soares JK. Maternal consumption of conjugated linoleic acid improves tolerance to glucose and hdl-cholesterol in the rat progeny. Food Funct 2021; 11:9075-9085. [PMID: 33026015 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our study evaluates the impacts of maternal consumption of different levels of CLA during pregnancy and lactation on physical and metabolic changes in the rat progeny. Three groups were formed: control (CG) - diet without CLA; CLA1 - diet containing 1% CLA; and CLA3 - diet containing 3% CLA. Murinometry, body fat collection, biochemical analysis, glycemic curves, liver fat amount, and fatty acid profiles of the liver were studied. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The CLA3 group presented highest body weight, feed intake and BMI (p < 0.05). The retroperitoneal fat, epididymal fat, and body fat index were higher in the CLA1 and CLA3 groups (p < 0.05) but no difference was observed for mesenteric fat. Yet in contrast, the experimental groups presented lower abdominal circumference and glycemic curves when compared to the CG (p < 0.05). CLA1 and CLA3 groups presented higher values of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05), yet no difference was found in serum triglycerides or LDL. The CLA3 group presented less n-3, n-6, total PUFA, and arachidonic acid in liver fat (p < 0.05). The CLA1 and CLA3 groups were higher in total MUFA in the liver fat. In conclusion, CLA when consumed during gestation and lactation increased: tolerance to glucose, HDL, and the body fat index in the offspring. Only the CLA3 group presented reduced total PUFA, n-3, n-6 and arachidonic acid in the offspring's liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelly Pires Queiroz
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Martiniano da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, CG, Brazil
| | | | - Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. and Laboratory of Bromatology, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Rui José Branquinho Bessa
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Paula Almeida Alves
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. and Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, CG, Brazil
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Tsuduki T. Health Benefit of the Japanese Diet ~Exploring the Significance of Staple Food~. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.66.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Tsuduki
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
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Okouchi R, E S, Yamamoto K, Ota T, Seki K, Imai M, Ota R, Asayama Y, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Tsuduki T. Simultaneous Intake of Euglena gracilis and Vegetables Exerts Synergistic Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010204. [PMID: 30669573 PMCID: PMC6356467 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We determined whether the anti-obesity effect provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is rich in insoluble dietary fiber, could be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables with an abundance of soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups as follows: group 1 received a normal diet, group 2 received a high-fat diet, and groups 3, 4, and 5 received high fat diets containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale, and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly reduced visceral fat accumulation in obese mice, and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this effect. Consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, upregulated genes related to adipocyte lipolysis, and suppressed serum markers of inflammation. Notably, we also observed an increase in the fraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing beneficial bacteria, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation, and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Therefore, the co-consumption of vegetables enhanced the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of Euglena, likely by modulating the gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Okouchi
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
| | - Shuang E
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
| | - Kazushi Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
| | - Toshikuni Ota
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Kentarou Seki
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Imai
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Ryuki Ota
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Yuta Asayama
- Euglena Co., Ltd, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan.
| | | | - Kengo Suzuki
- Euglena Co., Ltd, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Tsuduki
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
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Wu Q, E S, Yamamoto K, Tsuduki T. Carbohydrate-restricted diet promotes skin senescence in senescence-accelerated prone mice. Biogerontology 2018; 20:71-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Sakanoi Y, E S, Yamamoto K, Ota T, Seki K, Imai M, Ota R, Asayama Y, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Tsuduki T. Simultaneous Intake of Euglena Gracilis and Vegetables Synergistically Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Attenuates Visceral Fat Accumulation by Affecting Gut Microbiota in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1417. [PMID: 30282906 PMCID: PMC6213005 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We determined whether the benefits provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is a unicellular photosynthesizing green alga and rich in insoluble dietary fiber paramylon, can be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables that are rich in soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: group 1 received normal diet, whereas groups 2, 3 and 4 received normal diet containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly decreased serum markers of inflammation and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this reduction. Notably, we observed an increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Visceral fat accumulation was also reduced. Subsequent analyses showed that co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and increased the expression of genes related to adipocyte growth and lipolysis. Therefore, co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables enhanced its anti-inflammatory effect and the inhibitory effect on visceral fat accumulation likely by modulating the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Sakanoi
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Shuang E
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Kazushi Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Toshikuni Ota
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Kentarou Seki
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Imai
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Ryuki Ota
- Takeda Consumer Healthcare Company Limited, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan.
| | - Yuta Asayama
- Euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku Tokyo 108-0014, Japan.
| | | | - Kengo Suzuki
- Euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku Tokyo 108-0014, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Tsuduki
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan.
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