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Zhao X, Yan F, Li X, Qu D, Xu Y. A systematic review of tea pigments: Prevention of major diseases, protection of organs, and potential mechanisms and applications. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6830-6844. [PMID: 37970420 PMCID: PMC10630803 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the growing awareness of a healthy life, tea pigments (TPGs) are in focus for their health benefits. TPGs not only provide specific color to tea liquor but also possess health benefits such as anti-obesity, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, and bacteriostatic properties. Also, TPGs can benefit bone, liver, kidney, cardiovascular, gut microbiome, and sleep health. Based on previous reports, this review provides a brief introduction to the health benefits of TPGs, focusing on the prevention of human diseases and the protection of organs. Also, the latest research on the functional mechanism(s), practical application, and development strategies of TPGs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhao
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Fei Yan
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
- Shaanxi Bio‐Resources Key LaboratoryHanzhongChina
- Coordination and Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological ResourcesHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Xin‐Sheng Li
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
- Shaanxi Bio‐Resources Key LaboratoryHanzhongChina
- Coordination and Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological ResourcesHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Dong Qu
- Shaanxi Bio‐Resources Key LaboratoryHanzhongChina
- Coordination and Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological ResourcesHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Yue‐Ling Xu
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
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Zhao Y, Tang C, Tang W, Zhang X, Jiang X, Duoji Z, Kangzhu Y, Zhao X, Xu X, Hong F, Liu Q. The association between tea consumption and blood pressure in the adult population in Southwest China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:476. [PMID: 36915113 PMCID: PMC10010002 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior research on the effect of tea consumption on blood pressure (BP) generated inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of different types of tea consumption on BP. METHODS We included 76,673 participants aged 30-79 from the baseline data of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influences of different types of tea consumption on the risk of hypertensive BP. Moreover, multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between tea drinking and BP. RESULTS Tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of hypertensive BP by 10% (AOR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.86-0.94). While dark tea was related to a 1.79-5.31 mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 0.47-1.02 mmHg reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), sweet tea, regardless of the duration, frequency, or amount of consumption, significantly was associated with a reduced SBP by 3.19-7.18 mmHg. Green tea also was associated with a reduced SBP by 1.21-2.98 mmHg. Although scented tea was related to reduced SBP by 1.26-2.48 mmHg, the greatest effect came from the long duration (> 40 years:β=-2.17 mmHg, 95%CI=-3.47 mmHg --0.87 mmHg), low frequency (1-2 d/w: β = -2.48 mmHg, 95%CI=-3.76 mmHg--1.20 mmHg), and low amount (≤ 2 g/d: β=-2.21 mmHg, 95%CI=-3.01 mmHg--1.40 mmHg). Additionally, scented tea was correlated to a decrease in DBP at the frequency of 1-2 d/w (β=-0.84 mmHg, 95%CI=-1.65 mmHg--0.02 mmHg). Drinking black tea only was associated with lowered SBP. The protective effect of black tea on SBP was characterized by the long-duration (> 15 years, -2.63--5.76 mmHg), high frequency (6-7 d/w, -2.43 mmHg), and medium amount (2.1-4.0 g/d, -3.06 mmHg). CONCLUSION Tea consumption was associated with lower SBP and a reduced risk of hypertensive BP. The antihypertensive effect varies across types of tea consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu City, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengmeng Tang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu City, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenge Tang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoma Duoji
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, 850000, Lhasa, China
| | - Yixi Kangzhu
- Tibet Center for disease control and prevention, 850000, Lhasa, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu City, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohe Xu
- Department of Sociology , University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA.,Department of Sociology and Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Hong
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Qiaolan Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu City, Sichuan, China.
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Gao N, Ni M, Song J, Kong M, Wei D, Dong A. Causal relationship between tea intake and cardiovascular diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:938201. [PMID: 36225867 PMCID: PMC9548982 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.938201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough studies suggest that tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is no unified conclusion about the potential relationship between tea drinking and CVD. We used a two-sample Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis to systematically explore the causal relationship between tea intake and CVD subtypes for the first time. Furthermore the mediating effect of hypertension was also explored by a two-step MR.MethodsGenetic instruments for tea intake were identified from a genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 447,485 people. Summary data on cardio-vascular disease came from different GWAS meta-analysis studies. In the first step we explored the causal effect of tea intake and CVD. In the second step, we examined the association of hypertension with heart failure and ischemic stroke and estimated the mediating effect of hypertension. Inverse variance weighted MR analysis was used as the primary method for causal analysis. A further sensitivity analysis was performed to ensure robustness of the results.ResultsOne standard deviation increase in tea intake was associated with a 25% (OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.61–0.91, p = 0.003) lower risk of hypertension, a 28% (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.58–0.89, p = 0.002) lower risk of heart failure, and a 29% (OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.55–0.92, p = 0.008) lower risk of ischemic stroke, respectively. And the association between tea drinking and the risk of heart failure and ischemic stroke may be mediated by hypertension. Sensitivity analyses found little evidence of pleiotropy.ConclusionOur two-sample MR analysis provided genetic evidence that tea intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of hypertension, heart failure, and ischemic stroke, and that hypertension may be a potential mediator. Further large randomized controlled trials should be conducted to confirm the causal effect of tea consumption on cardiovascular disease risk.
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Associations of tea consumption with blood pressure progression and hypertension incidence. JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC 2021; 18:645-653. [PMID: 34527030 PMCID: PMC8390932 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association between tea consumption and incident hypertension remains uncertain. This study conducted to examine the health effects of tea consumption on blood pressure progression and hypertension incidence. METHODS A population-based cohort of 38,913 Chinese participants without hypertension at baseline were included in the current study. Information on tea consumption was collected through standardized questionnaires. Associations of tea consumption with blood pressure progression and incident hypertension were analyzed using logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards regression models, respectively. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 5.9 years, 17,657 individuals had experienced progression to a higher blood pressure stage and 5,935 individuals had developed hypertension. In multivariate analyses, habitual tea drinkers (≥ 3 times/week for at least six months) had a 17% lower risk for blood pressure progression [odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.79–0.88] and a 14% decreased risk for incident hypertension [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80–0.91] compared with non-habitual tea drinkers. Individuals in different baseline blood pressure groups could obtain similar benefit from habitual tea drinking. In terms of tea consumption amount, an inverse, linear dose-response relation between monthly consumption of tea leaves and risk of blood pressure progression was observed, while the risk of incident hypertension did not reduce further after consuming around 100 g of tea leaves per month. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that habitual tea consumption could provide preventive effect against blood pressure progression and hypertension incidence.
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Tian S, Zhang YJ, Ma QH, Xu Y, Sun HP, Pan CW. Associations between habitual tea consumption and 5-year longitudinal changes of systolic blood pressure in older Chinese. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 91:104245. [PMID: 32889362 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Tea consumption may contribute to the management of blood pressure; however, evidence from longitudinal studies is lacking. This study aimed to examine the relationship between habitual tea consumption and trajectories of systolic blood pressure in a community-based sample of Chinese adults aged 60 years or older. METHODS A prospective cohort of 3870 participants was investigated from 2014 to 2018. Trajectories of systolic blood pressure were identified using latent mixture modeling with the Proc Traj procedure. Multiple logistic regression models were fitted to explore associations between tea consumption habits and trajectories of systolic blood pressure. RESULTS In the overall sample, participants were less likely to be habitual tea drinkers if they were in the "moderate-stable" (144.4-149.9 mm Hg), "moderate-increasing" (157.2-180.0 mm Hg), and "elevated-increasing" (184.7-209.8 mm Hg) groups as compared to those in the "low-stable" group (125.3-130.0 mm Hg). The "elevated-decreasing" group (170.7 - 167.2 mmHg) consistently showed no significant difference in the likelihood of habitual tea drinking as compared to the "low-stable" group. CONCLUSIONS This community-based prospective study indicated that habitual tea consumption was associated with relatively favorable long-term systolic blood pressure statuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - You-Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qing-Hua Ma
- The 3rd People's Hospital of Xiangcheng District, Suzhou 215134, China
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong-Peng Sun
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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The Pharmacological Activity of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze on Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders: A Systematic Review. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040603. [PMID: 32294991 PMCID: PMC7226397 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea made from Camellia sinensis leaves is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide. This systematic review aims to update Camellia sinensis pharmacological activity on metabolic and endocrine disorders. Inclusion criteria were preclinical and clinical studies of tea extracts and isolated compounds on osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity written in English between 2014 and 2019 and published in Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus. From a total of 1384 studies, 80 reports met inclusion criteria. Most papers were published in 2015 (29.3%) and 2017 (20.6%), conducted in China (28.75%), US (12.5%), and South Korea (10%) and carried out with extracts (67.5%, especially green tea) and isolated compounds (41.25%, especially epigallocatechin gallate). Most pharmacological studies were in vitro and in vivo studies focused on diabetes and obesity. Clinical trials, although they have demonstrated promising results, are very limited. Future research should be aimed at providing more clinical evidence on less studied pathologies such as osteoporosis, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Given the close relationship among all endocrine disorders, it would be of interest to find a standard dose of tea or their bioactive constituents that would be beneficial for all of them.
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Cao SY, Zhao CN, Gan RY, Xu XY, Wei XL, Corke H, Atanasov AG, Li HB. Effects and Mechanisms of Tea and Its Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: An Updated Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E166. [PMID: 31174371 PMCID: PMC6617169 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are critical global public health issues with high morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological studies have revealed that regular tea drinking is inversely associated with the risk of CVDs. Additionally, substantial in vitro and in vivo experimental studies have shown that tea and its bioactive compounds are effective in protecting against CVDs. The relevant mechanisms include reducing blood lipid, alleviating ischemia/reperfusion injury, inhibiting oxidative stress, enhancing endothelial function, attenuating inflammation, and protecting cardiomyocyte function. Moreover, some clinical trials also proved the protective role of tea against CVDs. In order to provide a better understanding of the relationship between tea and CVDs, this review summarizes the effects of tea and its bioactive compounds against CVDs and discusses potential mechanisms of action based on evidence from epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xin-Lin Wei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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The role of epigenetics in cardiovascular health and ageing: A focus on physical activity and nutrition. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 174:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate-Alleviated Coxsackievirus B3-induced Myocarditis Through Inhibiting Viral Replication but Not Through Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2017; 69:41-47. [PMID: 27753702 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis, which is mainly caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), affects about 5%-20% of the world population and still lacks efficient treatments. Green tea, a tonic and healthful beverage that was originated in ancient China, has been receiving considerable attention for its protective effect on cardiovascular diseases in recent years. In the present investigation, we aimed to explore the effect of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on CVB3-induced myocarditis and its underlying mechanism. Our study showed that EGCG could alleviate CVB3-induced myocarditis as evidenced by less cardiac injury and higher survival rate. Furthermore, we found that EGCG failed to downregulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines but could significantly inhibit the replication of CVB3. Furthermore, we found that EGCG treatment could downregulate the protein expression level of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, the major receptor for CVB3 to infect cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, our data indicated that EGCG could ameliorate CVB3-induced myocarditis through inhibiting viral replication, which might provide a potential novel therapeutic strategy for viral myocarditis.
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López-Gil S, Nuño-Lámbarri N, Chávez-Tapia N, Uribe M, Barbero-Becerra VJ. Liver toxicity mechanisms of herbs commonly used in Latin America. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:338-356. [PMID: 28571502 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1335750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mexico owns approximately 4500 medicinal plants species, a great diversity that position it at the second place after China. According to the Mexican health department, 90% of common population consumes them to treat various diseases. Additionally, herbal remedies in Latin America (LA) are considered a common practice, but the frequency of use and the liver damage related to its consumption is still unknown. Despite the high prevalence and indiscriminate herbal consumption, the exact mechanism of hepatotoxicity and adverse effects is not fully clarified and is still questioned. Some herb products associated with herb induced liver injury (HILI) are characterized by presenting a different chemical composition that may vary from batch to batch, also the biological activity of many medicinal plants and other natural products are directly related to their most active component and its concentration. There are two main biological components that are associated with liver damage, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which are frequent constituents of commonly used herbs. The interaction with the different cytochrome P-450 isoforms, inflammatory, and oxidative activities seem to be the main damage pathway involved in the liver. It is important to know the herbal adverse effects and mechanisms involved; therefore, this article is focused on the beneficial and deleterious effects as well as the possible toxicity mechanisms and interactions of the herbs that are frequently used in LA, since the herb-host interaction may not always be the expected or desired depending on the clinical context in which it is administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía López-Gil
- a Translational Research Unit , Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation , Mexico City , Mexico.,b Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla , Puebla , Mexico
| | - Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri
- a Translational Research Unit , Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Norberto Chávez-Tapia
- a Translational Research Unit , Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation , Mexico City , Mexico.,c Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit , Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Misael Uribe
- c Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit , Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation , Mexico City , Mexico
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Yin JY, Duan SY, Liu FC, Yao QK, Tu S, Xu Y, Pan CW. Blood Pressure Is Associated with Tea Consumption: A Cross-sectional Study in a Rural, Elderly Population of Jiangsu China. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:1151-1159. [PMID: 29188874 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tea has long been hypothesized to possess hypotensive effects. However, there is uncertainty regarding the association of tea consumption with arterial blood pressure (BP). We aimed to examine the association between tea consumption and BP components including systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). DESIGN Community-based, cross-sectional study of Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. SETTING Tea consumption has protective influence on BP and presence of hypertension. PARTICIPANTS 4579 older adults aged 60 years or older from the Weitang Geriatric Diseases study. MEASUREMENTS Detailed information regarding tea consumption was collected using a pre-designed questionnaire. BP components were measured at least 3 times with a minimum 5-minute interval, by well-trained research nurses. METHODS Data of 4579 older adults (response rate: 82%) aged 60 years or older from the Weitang Geriatric Diseases study were included in the analysis and we estimated the relationship of tea consumption and BP using linear regression models and the association between tea consumption and risk of hypertension using logistic regression models. RESULTS In linear regression models, higher tea consumption frequency was found to be associated with lower systolic BP values, after adjusting for the effect of age, sex, education level, lifestyle-related factors, and cardiometabolic confounding factors in overall (coefficient =-1.49, P=0.0003), normotensive (coefficient =-0.91, P=0.017) and participants without anti-hypertensive treatment (coefficient =-1.26, P=0.027). Significant inverse association between diastolic BP and frequency of tea consumption was also observed in the overall subjects (coefficient =-0.74, P=0.003). In multivariate logistic analyses, habitual tea drinking was inversely associated with presence of hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=0.79, P=0.011] , and there was a progressive reduction in risk associated with higher frequency of tea consumption (P for trend=0.011). CONCLUSION Habitual tea consumption was found to be associated with lower values of components of BP and a reduced likelihood of having hypertension in older adults. Given the widespread consumption of tea throughout China and the world, together with the major cardiovascular disease risk, our findings have important implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Yin
- Chen-Wei Pan, MD, PhD, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, China 215123. Tel: +86 0512 65883907 /
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Köksal E, Yardımcı H, Kocaadam B, Deniz Güneş B, Yılmaz B, Karabudak E. Relationship between dietary caffeine intake and blood pressure in adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:227-233. [PMID: 27589213 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1226276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the consumption frequency of caffeinated foods and beverages and daily caffeine consumption amounts, and examine relation between caffeine and blood pressure (BP). A cross sectional door-to-door interview was conducted with 1329 volunteers between the ages of 20 and 60 (mean ages 29.9 ± 10.8 years) and based in Ankara/Turkey. The rate of individuals whose BPs were above 140/90 mmHg was 13.5%. The median caffeine consumption was 150.0 ± 122.06 mg. Although no significant correlation was found between total caffeine intake and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of individuals, a positive correlation was observed between daily total caffeine and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p < .05). Also, when analyzed factors that could be associated with DBP and SBP, BMI had effect in the model formed for both types of BP (p < .05). While smoking status associated with SBP (p = .002), gender and waist circumference related to DBP (p < .05) As a result relationship between caffeine intake and BP was affected other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Köksal
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Hülya Yardımcı
- b Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Betül Kocaadam
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Burcu Deniz Güneş
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Birsen Yılmaz
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Efsun Karabudak
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
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