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Mazokopakis EE, Papadomanolaki MG, Papadakis JA. Associations of Serum Total Homocysteine Levels with Various Demographic, Clinical and Genetic Characteristics in Healthy Greek Adults. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2023; 66:61-67. [PMID: 37930095 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2023.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum total Hcy (tHcy) levels with various demographic, clinical and genetic characteristics in healthy Greek adults. METHODS Anthropometric characteristics (height, weight), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, complete blood count and biochemical assessments, were recorded and measured among 383 Greek adults (199 men). Serum folate, Cobalamin (Cbl) and tHcy levels were determined using immunoassays methods. The MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization. RESULTS MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism, serum folate and Cbl levels were correlated with serum tHcy levels independently. The individuals with 677TT genotype had significantly higher serum tHcy levels than individuals with 677 CC or CT genotypes. Regarding the MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism, the existence of the T allele was associated with statistically significantly lower serum folate and higher serum tHcy levels than C allele. Regarding the MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism, the existence of the C allele was associated with statistically significant lower serum tHcy levels than A allele. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the serum tHcy levels and demographic (except age) or clinical characteristics (sex, BMI, smoking status, SBP, DBP, HGB, HCT, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C). CONCLUSIONS Serum tHcy levels are influenced by the existence of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism (mainly 677TT genotype), serum folate and Cbl levels. Individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia should be further investigated for the existence of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism, with the aim to determine the suitable treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias E Mazokopakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Hospital of Crete, Chania, Greece.
- Private Medical Office of Internal Medicine, Chania, Greece.
| | - Maria G Papadomanolaki
- School of Production Engineering and Management, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - John A Papadakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
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Homocysteine causes neuronal leptin resistance and endoplasmic reticulum stress. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278965. [PMID: 36512575 PMCID: PMC9746958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally high serum homocysteine levels have been associated with several disorders, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases or neurological diseases. Leptin is an anti-obesity protein and its action is mainly mediated by the activation of its Ob-R receptor in neuronal cells. The inability of leptin to induce activation of its specific signaling pathways, especially under endoplasmic reticulum stress, leads to the leptin resistance observed in obesity. The present study examined the effect of homocysteine on leptin signaling in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells expressing the leptin receptor Ob-Rb. Phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) and leptin-induced STAT3 transcriptional activity were significantly inhibited by homocysteine treatment. These effects may be specific to homocysteine and to the leptin pathway, as other homocysteine-related compounds, namely methionine and cysteine, have weak effect on leptin-induced inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation, and homocysteine has no impact on IL-6-induced activation of STAT3. The direct effect of homocysteine on leptin-induced Ob-R activation, analyzed by Ob-R BRET biosensor to monitor Ob-R oligomerization and conformational change, suggested that homocysteine treatment does not affect early events of leptin-induced Ob-R activation. Instead, we found that, unlike methionine or cysteine, homocysteine increases the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response gene, a homocysteine-sensitive ER resident protein. These results suggest that homocysteine may induce neuronal resistance to leptin by suppressing STAT3 phosphorylation downstream of the leptin receptor via ER stress.
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Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Variant in Relation to Body Mass Index and Folate Concentration in a Polish Population. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123140. [PMID: 36551896 PMCID: PMC9775363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an enzyme responsible for producing an active form of folate. The MTHFR T677T genotype may have adverse health effects associated with weight gain and a reduction in folate availability. AIM In this study, we examined the influence of the MTHFR C677T variant on BMI and determined its role as a risk factor for obesity. We also assessed the relationships between the MTHFR C677T genotype and folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in subjects before and after radical weight loss. METHODS The study group consisted of 1712 Caucasian adults of Polish nationality with a wide range of body mass indexes (BMIs). DNA was extracted from the blood, and the C677T variant was tested with RFLP-PCR and real-time-PCR. RESULTS There was no significant influence found for the MTHFR 677 TT genotype on BMI or the obesity risk in codominant, dominant or recessive inheritance models. Individuals with obesity and the TT genotype had significantly lower folate concentrations. After radical weight reduction, the impact of the risk genotype, as well as homeostasis between folate and vitamin B12 in TT homozygotes, seems to be attenuated. CONCLUSION Although the MTHFR 677TT genotype is not directly related to a higher BMI in Polish adults, it has a detrimental effect on folate concentrations in individuals with high BMI values.
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Fu L, Wang Y, Hu YQ. Causal effects of B vitamins and homocysteine on obesity and musculoskeletal diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1048122. [PMID: 36505230 PMCID: PMC9731309 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1048122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although homocysteine (Hcy) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, its effects on obesity and musculoskeletal diseases remain unclear. We performed a Mendelian randomization study to estimate the associations between Hcy and B vitamin concentrations and their effects on obesity and musculoskeletal-relevant diseases in the general population. Methods We selected independent single nucleotide polymorphisms of Hcy (n = 44,147), vitamin B12 (n = 45,576), vitamin B6 (n = 1864), and folate (n = 37,465) at the genome-wide significance level as instruments and applied them to the studies of summary-level data for fat and musculoskeletal phenotypes from the UK Biobank study (n = 331,117), the FinnGen consortium (n = 218,792), and other consortia. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches were utilized in this study. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) was adopted as the main analysis. MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, the weighted median estimate, bidirectional MR, and multivariable MR were performed as sensitivity methods. Results Higher Hcy concentrations were robustly associated with an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis [odds ratio (OR) 1.119; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.032-1.214; P = 0.007], hospital-diagnosed osteoarthritis (OR 1.178; 95% CI 1.012-1.37; P = 0.034), osteoporosis with pathological fracture (OR 1.597; 95% CI 1.036-2.46; P = 0.034), and soft tissue disorder (OR 1.069; 95% CI 1.001-1.141; P = 0.045) via an inverse variance weighting method and other MR approaches. Higher vitamin B12 levels were robustly associated with decreased body fat percentage and its subtypes (all P < 0.05). Bidirectional analyses showed no reverse causation. Multivariable MR analyses and other sensitivity analyses showed directionally similar results. Conclusions There exist significant causal effects of vitamin B12 in the serum and Hcy in the blood on fat and musculoskeletal diseases, respectively. These findings may have an important insight into the pathogenesis of obesity and musculoskeletal diseases and other possible future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwan Fu
- Center for Non-Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Liwan Fu
| | - Yuquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Qing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Yue-Qing Hu
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First Trimester Maternal Homocysteine and Embryonic and Fetal Growth: The Rotterdam Periconception Cohort. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061129. [PMID: 35334786 PMCID: PMC8953595 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine is a marker for derangements in one-carbon metabolism. Elevated homocysteine may represent a causal link between poor maternal nutrition and impaired embryonic and fetal development. We sought to investigate associations between reference range maternal homocysteine and embryonic and fetal growth. We enrolled 1060 singleton pregnancies (555 natural and 505 in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) pregnancies) from November 2010 to December 2020. Embryonic and fetal body and head growth was assessed throughout pregnancy using three-dimensional ultrasound scans and virtual reality techniques. Homocysteine was negatively associated with first trimester embryonic growth in the included population (crown-rump length B −0.023 mm, 95% CI −0.038,−0.007, p = 0.004, embryonic volume B −0.011 cm3, 95% CI −0.018,−0.004, p = 0.003). After stratification for conception mode, this association remained in IVF/ICSI pregnancies with frozen embryo transfer (crown-rump length B −0.051 mm, 95% CI −0.081,−0.023, p < 0.001, embryonic volume B −0.024 cm3, 95% CI −0.039,−0.009, p = 0.001), but not in IVF/ICSI pregnancies with fresh embryo transfer and natural pregnancies. Homocysteine was not associated with longitudinal measurements of head growth in first trimester, nor with second and third trimester fetal growth. Homocysteine in the highest quartile (7.3−14.9 µmol/L) as opposed to the lowest (2.5−5.2 µmol/L) was associated with reduced birth weight in natural pregnancies only (B −51.98 g, 95% CI −88.13,−15.84, p = 0.005). In conclusion, high maternal homocysteine within the reference range is negatively associated with first trimester embryonic growth and birth weight, and the effects of homocysteine are dependent on conception mode.
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Keith SW, Kwabi-Addo B, Zeigler-Johnson C. Interactions Between Obesity and One-Carbon Metabolism Genes in Predicting Prostate Cancer Outcomes Among White and Black Patients. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022; 9:305-314. [PMID: 33432479 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-carbon metabolism genes are linked to several cancers, but the association with prostate cancer (PCa) is less clear. Studies examining the relationship have not accounted for obesity, a risk factor for advanced PCa and altered methylation patterns. We hypothesized that obesity could moderate the association between one-carbon metabolism genes and PCa outcomes. METHODS We conducted secondary data analyses of the Study of Clinical Outcomes, Risk and Ethnicity. Obesity was included as a primary exposure and modifier (interacting with genetic polymorphisms) in the analytic models. We used logistic regression to determine associations of common one-carbon metabolism genotypes with odds of high stage (T3/T4) and high grade (Gleason score ≥ 7). We used Cox regression to examine associations of genotypes with biochemical recurrence. RESULTS There were 808 patients (632 White and 176 Black.) Among White men, we observed associations of TCN2_R259P with increased odds of high stage (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.41-1.00), but no significant interactions with obesity. Among Black men, the SCL19A1_61bpdel and CBS_68bpINS variants were associated with high grade (OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.39-4.89 and OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.09-0.91, respectively.) Both the CBS_68bpINS and MTHFR_E429A variants interacted with obesity in Black men, where the highest risk for biochemical failure and odds of high grade, respectively, occurred among obese patients with variants. CONCLUSIONS We observed associations of one-carbon metabolism genes with different associations by race. We also observed interactions with obesity related to PCa outcomes in Black men only. Therefore, the involvement of one-carbon metabolism on PCa was dependent upon obesity status for Black men. These novel results could help identify patients that might benefit from effective weight management targeting one-carbon metabolism effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Keith
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bernard Kwabi-Addo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Charnita Zeigler-Johnson
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Suite 314, 834 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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Hernandez-Landero F, Sanchez-Garcia E, Gomez-Crisostomo N, Contreras-Paredes A, Eduardo MA, de la Cruz-Hernandez E. Anthropometric, biochemical, and haematological indicators associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and their relation to global DNA methylation in a young adult population. Epigenetics 2021; 17:1269-1280. [PMID: 34923898 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.2013420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Passive DNA demethylation has been suggested as one of the mechanisms implicated in the development of these conditions, and most studies have investigated this relationship in older adult populations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between corporal composition and biochemical and haematological indicators with plasma homocysteine levels and genome-wide methylation (Alu, LINE-1, and SAT2) in a population of healthy young adults (median age, 18 years). We showed that the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was significantly higher in men (18.5%) than in women (6.6%) (P = 0.034). Increased Hcy level was substantially associated with higher levels of body mass index and visceral fat in females, whereas in males, it was significantly associated with reduced red cell distribution width and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and increased low-density lipoprotein/HDL ratio. Hypomethylation of Alu was significantly associated with reduced levels of HDL-C (<40.0 mg dL-1), whereas hypomethylation of LINE-1 and SAT2 was significantly associated with higher levels of skeletal muscle (<39.3%) in males. These results highlight the participation of hormonal factors in regulating Hcy metabolism, primarily in the female population, whereas changes in DNA methylation observed in males might be associated with the consumption of a protein diet with high levels of methionine, independent of increased Hcy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Hernandez-Landero
- Laboratory of Research in Metabolic and Infectious Diseases. Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Comalcalco, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Comalcalco City, Mexico
| | - Erika Sanchez-Garcia
- Laboratory of Research in Metabolic and Infectious Diseases. Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Comalcalco, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Comalcalco City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Gomez-Crisostomo
- Laboratory of Research in Metabolic and Infectious Diseases. Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Comalcalco, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Comalcalco City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Contreras-Paredes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Oncogenic Viruses, Unit of Biomedical Research in Cancer, National Cancer Institute - Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martínez Abundis Eduardo
- Laboratory of Research in Metabolic and Infectious Diseases. Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Comalcalco, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Comalcalco City, Mexico
| | - Erick de la Cruz-Hernandez
- Laboratory of Research in Metabolic and Infectious Diseases. Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Comalcalco, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Comalcalco City, Mexico
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Mu L, Yu F, Xia J, Lang X, Haque A, Wu HE, Zhang XY. Association between high BMI and high homocysteine levels in Chinese patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:284-290. [PMID: 34482060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with an increased prevalence of weight gain and abnormally elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels. However, the relationship between BMI and Hcy in BD patients has not been investigated. This study aimed to explore this relationship in Chinese patients with BD. METHODS Plasma Hcy levels, socio-demographic parameters, clinical and anthropometric data were collected from 195 BD inpatients and 84 healthy controls. The level of plasma Hcy was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by body weight divided by the square of the height. The participants were divided into a high BMI group and a low BMI group using 24 kg/m2 as a threshold. RESULTS The prevalence of high BMI was slightly elevated in BD patients in comparison to healthy controls. Patients with elevated BMI had significantly higher Hcy levels than patients with low BMI. Hcy level was an independent contributor of the occurrence of high BMI in BD patients. The level of Hcy was positively correlated with BMI in BD patients. In addition, depressive episodes of BD were positively correlated with the prevalence of high BMI and married BD patients were more likely to have high BMI levels. CONCLUSIONS There is a close relationship between BMI and plasma Hcy levels in patients with BD, suggesting that Hcy may be an important indicator for BD-induced weight gain. This finding provides a new avenue for weight management of BD patients and to help avoid the potential risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China; Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Qingdao mental health center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiejing Xia
- Qingdao mental health center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - XiaoE Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Anam Haque
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hanjing Emily Wu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
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Association of Obesity with the Risk of Hyperhomocysteinemia among the Chinese Community Residents: A Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103648. [PMID: 34684648 PMCID: PMC8537264 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective community-based cohort study was conducted to investigate the effects of obesity on hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in community residents from Shanghai, China, with a median follow-up period of 2.98 years. The exposures were high body mass index (BMI) (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2) and high waist circumference (WC) (WC ≥ 85.0 cm for female and WC ≥ 90.0 for male) at baseline investigation, and the outcome was the incident of HHcy after the follow-up. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to assess the possible nonlinear relationship of BMI and WC with HHcy. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the association between BMI and WC measured obesity and the risk of HHcy (Hcy level > 15 µmol/L). No significant non-linearity was found between BMI and WC with HHcy. Cox regression model showed that underweight measured by BMI was negatively associated with the risk of HHcy after controlling for confounder variables (adjusted HR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.42 to 0.99). While abdominal obesity was positively associated with the risk of HHcy for those without CVD-related comorbidities (adjusted HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.51). Our results suggested that individuals could maintain a relatively low BMI and normal WC to lower the risk of HHcy.
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du Plessis JP, Nienaber-Rousseau C, Lammertyn L, Schutte AE, Pieters M, Kruger HS. The Relationship of Circulating Homocysteine with Fibrinogen, Blood Pressure, and Other Cardiovascular Measures in African Adolescents. J Pediatr 2021; 234:158-163.e2. [PMID: 33775664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the associations between homocysteine (Hcy) and cardiovascular health in South African adolescents. STUDY DESIGN Circulating Hcy concentrations of 172 South African adolescents (105 girls, ages 13 to <18 years) were measured. Anthropometric and cardiovascular factors were also included and cross-sectionally analyzed through general linear models. RESULTS Hcy correlated positively with body weight (P = .03; after adjusting for multiple testing, it was not regarded as significant) and muscle mass (P = .01), but negatively with fibrinogen concentrations (P = .001). Across Hcy tertiles, blood pressure produced approximating U-shaped curves, with differences between the middle and upper tertiles (all P < .02). Forty percent of the adolescents had elevated blood pressure, of whom 37% fell in the lowest and 38% in the highest Hcy tertiles. Hcy differed between the sexes (with boys having higher Hcy), but not between subgroups based on puberty, weight, stunting, smoking, or alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Both high and low Hcy could be early contributing risk factors to cardiovascular health. The associations between Hcy and blood pressure suggest that dietary and lifestyle manipulation, to achieve the optimal range of Hcy, may be beneficial in preventing Hcy-related hypertension in adulthood. The inverse relationship between Hcy and fibrinogen remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacomina P du Plessis
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Cornelie Nienaber-Rousseau
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Leandi Lammertyn
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Medical Research Council Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Medical Research Council Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marlien Pieters
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Herculina S Kruger
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Mlodzik-Czyzewska MA, Malinowska AM, Chmurzynska A. Low folate intake and serum levels are associated with higher body mass index and abdominal fat accumulation: a case control study. Nutr J 2020; 19:53. [PMID: 32498709 PMCID: PMC7273685 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between folate metabolism and obesity has recently been underlined, suggesting that folate deficiency may lead to body weight gain and adiposity. We thus wished to determine whether the inefficiency in folate metabolism caused by genetic variation in the MTHFR and DHFR genes in folate metabolism, or inadequate folate intake, is associated with obesity. METHODS A case-control study including 421 healthy participants (aged 20-40) was performed in Poznań, Poland. The cases were 213 subjects with BMI > 25 kg/m2, while the controls were 208 subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Genotyping of rs70991108 (DHFR) and rs1801133 (MTHFR) was performed using TaqMan probes. Serum folate concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and homocysteine was assessed with high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Subjects with overweight and obesity had 12% lower folate intake (p < 0.05) and 8.5% lower folate serum concentrations (p < 0.01) than the controls. Serum folate concentrations and folate intake were inversely associated with body fat percentage (p < 0.05) and waist circumference (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Serum folate concentration, though not folate intake, was negatively associated with WHR and BMI (p < 0.05, for both associations). CONCLUSIONS Lower folate intake and serum levels are weakly, but independently, associated with greater body weight and central adiposity in people aged 20-40. MTHFR and DHFR polymorphism seems not to have significant impact on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Mlodzik-Czyzewska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna M Malinowska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Chmurzynska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland.
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Vitamin D 3 reduces risk of cardiovascular and liver diseases by lowering homocysteine levels: double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:139-146. [PMID: 32475360 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 on total homocysteine (tHcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and liver and kidney function tests in overweight women with vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, a randomised, double-blind placebo, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 eligible women. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the placebo (n 50) and the vitamin D (n 50) which received 1250 µg vitamin D3 per week for 2 months. The participants' 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), tHcy, CRP, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured and compared before and after treatment. Results showed that the tHcy, CRP, AST, ALT and eGFR levels after the 2nd month of vitamin D3 intervention were significantly (P < 0·001) decreased and the 25(OH)D, urea and creatinine levels were significantly (P < 0·001) increased in the treatment group. In the placebo group, no significant changes were identified throughout the follow-up period. In conclusion, vitamin D3 intervention with a treatment dose of 1250 µg/week for at least 2 months may help in lowering Hcy and CRP levels and may improve liver function tests, which in turn might help in minimising the risk of CVD and liver diseases among overweight women but negatively affect kidney function.
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Central But Not General Obesity Is Positively Associated with the Risk of Hyperhomocysteinemia in Middle-Aged Women. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071614. [PMID: 31315230 PMCID: PMC6683268 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Obesity and homocysteine (Hcy) are two important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, evidence on the association between obesity and Hcy concentration was conflicting. The aim of our study is to explore the associations of general and central obesity with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in middle-aged women. Methods: The current analysis was based on data from 11,007 women aged 40–60 years. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured and serum homocysteine was determined. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy, Hcy > 15 μmol/L) with BMI and WC. Results: 13.71% women had HHcy. The prevalences of BMI-based general obesity and WC-based central obesity were 11.17% and 22.88%, respectively. Compared with non-obese women, the mean serum Hcy concentration was significantly higher in WC-based central obese women (p = 0.002), but not in BMI-based general obese women (p > 0.05). In the multiple logistic regression models, central obesity was positively related to the risk of HHcy (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.52), while general obesity was inversely related to the risk of HHcy (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.72 to 0.93 and OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.57 to 0.89). Conclusions: Central obesity was positively related to the risk of HHcy, while general obesity was negatively related. Menopause showed no effect modification on these associations.
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Persil-Ozkan O, Yigit E, Yigit Z. Does weight loss affect the parameters that are metabolically related to cardiovascular diseases? Saudi Med J 2019; 40:347-352. [PMID: 30957127 PMCID: PMC6506665 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.4.24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the differences in the parameters that are metabolically related to cardiovascular diseases after weight loss in obese people with coronary artery diseases (CADs). METHODS This study was conducted on 184 patients who were diagnosed with CADs in Istanbul University Cardiology Institute Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. The levels of leptin, fibrinogen, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose and insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and uric acid of the obese patients who were put on calorie restricted diet were evaluated retrospectively and compared before and after weight loss. For comparison, non-obese control patients were also studied. Student's t-test and Chi-square test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Levels of homocysteine, glycated hemoglobin, and leptin were significantly higher in the obese patients than in the non-obese patients. Diabetic obese patients with CADs lost (11.1%) and non-diabetic obese patients with CADs lost (10.5%) of their body weight in 6 months. The levels of cholesterol, LDL-C, and fibrinogen were significantly improved in both groups. Conclusion: The obese patients lost weight after being on calorie-restricted diets and showed significant improvement in the levels of cholesterol, LDL-C, fibrinogen. There was no significant difference in the levels of homocysteine, hs-CRP, and leptin before and after weight loss in both diabetic and non-diabetic obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Persil-Ozkan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey. E-mail.
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Zeigler-Johnson C, Hudson A, Glanz K, Spangler E, Morales KH. Performance of prostate cancer recurrence nomograms by obesity status: a retrospective analysis of a radical prostatectomy cohort. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1061. [PMID: 30390642 PMCID: PMC6215603 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has been associated with aggressive prostate cancer and poor outcomes. It is important to understand how prognostic tools for that guide prostate cancer treatment may be impacted by obesity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the predicting abilities of two prostate cancer (PCa) nomograms by obesity status. Methods We examined 1576 radical prostatectomy patients categorized into standard body mass index (BMI) groups. Patients were categorized into low, medium, and high risk groups for the Kattan and CaPSURE/CPDR scores, which are based on PSA value, Gleason score, tumor stage, and other patient data. Time to PCa recurrence was modeled as a function of obesity, risk group, and interactions. Results As expected for the Kattan score, estimated hazard ratios (95% CI) indicated higher risk of recurrence for medium (HR = 2.99, 95% CI = 2.29, 3.88) and high (HR = 8.84, 95% CI = 5.91, 13.2) risk groups compared to low risk group. The associations were not statistically different across BMI groups. Results were consistent for the CaPSURE/CPDR score. However, the difference in risk of recurrence in the high risk versus low risk groups was larger for normal weight patients than the same estimate in the obese patients. Conclusions We observed no statistically significant difference in the association between PCa recurrence and prediction scores across BMI groups. However, our study indicates that there may be a stronger association between high risk status and PCa recurrence among normal weight patients compared to obese patients. This suggests that high risk status based on PCa nomogram scores may be most predictive among normal weight patients. Additional research in this area is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Glanz
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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