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Schmidt RJ, Goodrich AJ, Delwiche L, Hansen RL, Simpson CL, Tancredi D, Volk HE. Newborn Dried Blood Spot Folate in Relation to Maternal Self-reported Folic Acid Intake, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Developmental Delay. Epidemiology 2024; 35:527-541. [PMID: 38912713 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal folic acid intake has been associated with decreased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Genetic differences in folate metabolism could explain some inconsistencies. To our knowledge, newborn folate concentrations remain unexamined. METHODS We measured folate in archived newborn dried blood spots of children from the CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment) case-control study who were clinically confirmed at 24-60 months to have ASD (n = 380), developmental delay (n = 128), or typical development (n = 247). We quantified monthly folic acid intake from maternally-reported supplements and cereals consumed during pregnancy and 3 months prior. We assessed associations of newborn folate with maternal folic acid intake and with ASD or developmental delay using regression. We stratified estimates across maternal and child MTHFR genotypes. RESULTS Among typically developing children, maternal folic acid intake in prepregnancy and each pregnancy month and prepregnancy prenatal vitamin intake were positively associated with newborn folate. Among children with ASD, prenatal vitamin intake in pregnancy months 2-9 was positively associated with newborn folate. Among children with developmental delay, maternal folic acid and prenatal vitamins during the first pregnancy month were positively associated with neonatal folate. Associations differed by MTHFR genotype. Overall, neonatal folate was not associated with ASD or developmental delay, though we observed associations with ASD in children with the MTHFR 677 TT genotype (odds ratio: 1.76, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.62; P for interaction = 0.08). CONCLUSION Maternal prenatal folic acid intake was associated with neonatal folate at different times across neurodevelopmental groups. Neonatal folate was not associated with reduced ASD risk. MTHFR genotypes modulated these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Schmidt
- From the Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Amanda J Goodrich
- From the Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Lora Delwiche
- From the Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Robin L Hansen
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Claire L Simpson
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Daniel Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Heather E Volk
- Departments of Mental Health and Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Varela RB, Cararo JH, Tye SJ, Carvalho AF, Valvassori SS, Fries GR, Quevedo J. Contributions of epigenetic inheritance to the predisposition of major psychiatric disorders: theoretical framework, evidence, and implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Grivas G, Frye R, Hahn J. Pregnant Mothers' Medical Claims and Associated Risk of Their Children being Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Pers Med 2021; 11:950. [PMID: 34683092 PMCID: PMC8537202 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of administrative claims containing a diverse mixture of ages, ethnicities, and geographical regions across the United States was conducted in order to identify medical events that occur during pregnancy and are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The dataset used in this study is comprised of 123,824 pregnancies of which 1265 resulted in the child being diagnosed with ASD during the first five years of life. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant relationships between several maternal medical claims, made during her pregnancy and segmented by trimester, and the child's diagnosis of ASD. Having a biological sibling with ASD, maternal use of antidepressant medication and psychiatry services as well as non-pregnancy related claims such hospital visits, surgical procedures, and radiology exposure were related to an increased risk of ASD regardless of trimester. Urinary tract infections during the first trimester and preterm delivery during the second trimester were also related to an increased risk of ASD. Preventative and obstetrical care were associated with a decreased risk for ASD. A better understanding of the medical factors that increase the risk of having a child with ASD can lead to strategies to decrease risk or identify those children who require increased surveillance for the development of ASD to promote early diagnosis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Grivas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, NY 12180, USA;
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, NY 12180, USA
- OptumLabs Visiting Fellow, OptumLabs, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, USA
| | - Richard Frye
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA;
- Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Juergen Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, NY 12180, USA;
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, NY 12180, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, NY 12180, USA
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Friel C, Leyland AH, Anderson JJ, Havdahl A, Borge T, Shimonovich M, Dundas R. Prenatal Vitamins and the Risk of Offspring Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:2558. [PMID: 34444717 PMCID: PMC8398897 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal nutrition is associated with offspring autism spectrum disorder (herein referred to as autism), yet, it remains unknown if the association is causal. Triangulation may improve causal inference by integrating the results of conventional multivariate regression with several alternative approaches that have unrelated sources of bias. We systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship between prenatal multivitamin supplements and offspring autism, and evidence for the causal approaches applied. Six databases were searched up to 8 June 2020, by which time we had screened 1309 titles/abstracts, and retained 12 articles. Quality assessment was guided using Newcastle-Ottawa in individual studies, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) for the body of evidence. The effect estimates from multivariate regression were meta-analysed in a random effects model and causal approaches were narratively synthesised. The meta-analysis of prenatal multivitamin supplements involved 904,947 children (8159 cases), and in the overall analysis showed no robust association with offspring autism; however, a reduced risk was observed in the subgroup of high-quality observational studies (RR 0.77, 95% CI (0.62, 0.96), I2 = 62.4%), early pregnancy (RR 0.76, 95% CI (0.58; 0.99), I2 = 79.8%) and prospective studies (RR 0.69, 95% CI (0.48, 1.00), I2 = 95.9%). The quality of evidence was very low, and triangulation was of limited utility because alternative methods were used infrequently and often not robustly applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Friel
- Medical Research Council/Chief Science Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G3 7HR, UK; (A.H.L.); (M.S.); (R.D.)
| | - Alastair H. Leyland
- Medical Research Council/Chief Science Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G3 7HR, UK; (A.H.L.); (M.S.); (R.D.)
| | - Jana J. Anderson
- Public Health Research Group, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK;
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 222 Skoyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway;
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Postboks 4970 Nydalen, 0440 Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Boks 1072 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiril Borge
- Division for Health Services, Cluster of Reviews and Health Technology Assessments, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skoyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Michal Shimonovich
- Medical Research Council/Chief Science Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G3 7HR, UK; (A.H.L.); (M.S.); (R.D.)
| | - Ruth Dundas
- Medical Research Council/Chief Science Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G3 7HR, UK; (A.H.L.); (M.S.); (R.D.)
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Abstract
Since the discovery of manifest Zn deficiency in 1961, the increasing number of studies demonstrated the association between altered Zn status and multiple diseases. In this chapter, we provide a review of the most recent advances on the role of Zn in health and disease (2010-20), with a special focus on the role of Zn in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders, diabetes and obesity, male and female reproduction, as well as COVID-19. In parallel with the revealed tight association between ASD risk and severity and Zn status, the particular mechanisms linking Zn2+ and ASD pathogenesis like modulation of synaptic plasticity through ProSAP/Shank scaffold, neurotransmitter metabolism, and gut microbiota, have been elucidated. The increasing body of data indicate the potential involvement of Zn2+ metabolism in neurodegeneration. Systemic Zn levels in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease were found to be reduced, whereas its sequestration in brain may result in modulation of amyloid β and α-synuclein processing with subsequent toxic effects. Zn2+ was shown to possess adipotropic effects through the role of zinc transporters, zinc finger proteins, and Zn-α2-glycoprotein in adipose tissue physiology, underlying its particular role in pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. Recent findings also contribute to further understanding of the role of Zn2+ in spermatogenesis and sperm functioning, as well as oocyte development and fertilization. Finally, Zn2+ was shown to be the potential adjuvant therapy in management of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), underlining the perspectives of zinc in management of old and new threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia.
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Barkoski JM, Philippat C, Tancredi D, Schmidt RJ, Ozonoff S, Barr DB, Elms W, Bennett D, Hertz-Picciotto I. In utero pyrethroid pesticide exposure in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 years in the MARBLES longitudinal cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110495. [PMID: 33220244 PMCID: PMC7946720 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the relationships between prenatal pyrethroid pesticide exposure and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or non-typical development (non-TD) at 3 years. METHODS Participants were mother-child pairs (n = 201) in the MARBLES (Markers of Autism Risk in Babies-Learning Early Signs) cohort. Because familial recurrence risk is high, MARBLES enrolls pregnant women with a family history of ASD. Children from these pregnancies were clinically assessed at 3 years of age and classified into 3 outcome categories: ASD, typically developing (TD), or non-TD (neither TD or ASD). Repeated maternal second and third trimester urine samples were analyzed for pyrethroid metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA). Multinomial logistic regression was used to obtain relative risk ratios (RRR) linking 3-PBA concentrations averaged across each trimester and over pregnancy with child's outcome: ASD or non-TD vs. TD. Models were adjusted for specific gravity, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, prenatal vitamin use, birth year, home-ownership, and pregnancy concentrations of TCPy (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, a metabolite of chlorpyrifos). RESULTS The median specific gravity corrected 3-PBA concentration of all samples was 1.46 ng/mL. Greater second trimester 3-PBA concentrations were associated with a relative risk ratio (RRR) for ASD of (RRR: 1.50 (95% CI 0.89 to 2.51), p = 0.12). There were no differences between non-TD and TD. CONCLUSIONS This study found no evidence for differences in 3-PBA comparing non-TD with TD. A modestly elevated RRR was found comparing second trimester urinary 3-PBA concentrations for ASD versus TD; however, the confidence interval was wide and hence, these findings cannot be considered definitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Barkoski
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Claire Philippat
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, University Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sally Ozonoff
- MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Elms
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Corresponding Author: Jacqueline M. Barkoski, MS1C, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, Telephone: 530-754-8282, Fax: (530) 752-3239,
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Dhakal SP, He J. Microencapsulation of vitamins in food applications to prevent losses in processing and storage: A review. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Watkins BA. Nutrition Research: new direction and scope are refining the Journal. Nutr Res 2020; 71:1-7. [PMID: 31896395 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barkoski JM, Busgang SA, Bixby M, Bennett D, Schmidt RJ, Barr DB, Panuwet P, Gennings C, Hertz-Picciotto I. Prenatal phenol and paraben exposures in relation to child neurodevelopment including autism spectrum disorders in the MARBLES study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108719. [PMID: 31627027 PMCID: PMC6948181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental phenols and parabens are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the potential to affect child neurodevelopment including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Our aim was to assess whether exposure to environmental phenols and parabens during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of clinical ASD or other nontypical development (non-TD). METHODS This study included mother-child pairs (N = 207) from the Markers of Autism Risks in Babies - Learning Early Signs (MARBLES) Cohort Study with urinary phenol and paraben metabolites analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) from repeated pregnancy urine samples. Because family recurrence risks in siblings are about 20%, MARBLES enrolls pregnant women who already had a child with ASD. Children were clinically assessed at 3 years of age and classified into 3 outcome categories: ASD, non-TD, or typically developing (TD). Single analyte analyses were conducted with trinomial logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to test for mixture effects. RESULTS Regression models were adjusted for pre-pregnancy body mass index, prenatal vitamin use (yes/no), homeowner status (yes/no), birth year, and child's sex. In single chemical analyses phenol exposures were not significantly associated with child's diagnosis. Mixture analyses using trinomial WQS regression showed a significantly increased risk of non-TD compared to TD (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.04) with overall greater prenatal phenol and paraben metabolites mixture. Results for ASD also showed an increased risk, but it was not significant. DISCUSSION This is the first study to provide evidence that pregnancy environmental phenol exposures may increase the risk for non-TD in a high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Barkoski
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (UC Davis), California, USA.
| | - Stefanie A Busgang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Moira Bixby
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (UC Davis), California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (UC Davis), California, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, UC Davis, California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis (UC Davis), California, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, UC Davis, California, Davis, CA, USA
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